江苏省石庄高级中学届高考状语从句复习教案（集锦5篇）由网友“爱喝波波奶茶”投稿提供，下面是小编为大家整理后的江苏省石庄高级中学届高考状语从句复习教案，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助到有需要的朋友。
篇1：江苏省石庄高级中学届高考状语从句复习教案
I.状语从句
听录音材料导入所要复习的状语从句内容。（划线部分是学生根据录音所要填写的内容）
One day after work ,I was doing my housework when a man with thick glasses came to visit me. In the beginning, I looked him up and down as if he were a stranger to me. He felt so surprised that he said excitedly to me, “Can’t you recognize me? Do you remember one student who was taller than any other student in your class when you were in Shizhuang Middle School?” What he said reminded me that he was a classmate of mine. I couldn’t help shaking him by the hand, “Glad to see you.Be seated please.” After sitting he said to me, “Because I will be sent to work where my father worked ten years ago, I want to invite you to dinner this Sunday so that I can say goodbye to you and other classmates who work in the city. As long as you have time,please accept my invitation.”Although it happened that I had no time that Sunday,considering that it was hardly possible to see him again,I promised him.
（本篇听力材料将中学阶段所学的三种从句(名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句)都包括进去了，且重点突出了状语从句。材料中包括九种状语从句）。
状语从句几乎是每年高考必考的内容，在高考试题中加上其它从句的干扰，以及倒装句，强调句的介入，使得状语从句更为复杂。状语从句是一种副词性从句，通常由一个从属连词或一个起连词作用的词组引导。状语从句可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、让步和比较9种意义。
一、基本用法
1.时间状语从句
由下列连词引导：when, while , as, before, after, once, till, until, once, as soon as, now that, hardly…when, scarcely…when, no sooner…than,有一些表示时间的副词（短语）或名词短语也可引导时间状语从句。如：directly, instantly, immediately, by the time，the moment, the second, the minute, the instant, every time, each time, next time, the last time等
注意点如下：
1)when, while, as引导的时间状语从句
as表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。
①She came up as I was cooking.(同时)
② When I was walking down the street, I came across an old friend of mine.我在街上行走时，碰到一位老朋友
when(at or during the time that )既可以表示在某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时发生也可以先后发生。
①It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)
②When we were at school, we went to the library every day.(在一段时间内)
③When we arrived there, the film had already begun.(先后发生)
While强调一段时间里，仅表示从句和主句的动作同时发生，并且有延续意义，该从句中的动词一般要用延续性动词，从句中常用过去进行时态或一般过去时态；在when表示a period of time时，两者可以互换。
①Please don’t talk so loud while/when others are working. 其他人工作时请不要大声讲话。
②He fell asleep while/when reading. 读书时他睡着了。
③ While they were watching TV, I was preparing myself for the coming examination. 他们在看电视，而我在为即将到来的考试做准备。
Strike while the iron is hot.( 不可用as或when，这里的while意思是“趁……”)
as表示主从句动作同时发生，所以常译作＂一边…一边＂。
John sings as he works.
As his hands dropped he dropped with it, and I laid him down ,dead.
当When引出的时间状语从句为系表结构，而且其主语和主句的主语一致，其表语又是一个名词时，就可以用 as 引导的省略句来代替。
When he was a young man (= As a young man ) he was fond of hunting.
2)before状语从句的重点句型
It will (not ) be a period of time before 还要……才，要不了多久就……
Was (not) 过了……才 没多久就……
①It was a long time before I got to sleep . 过了好长时间我才睡着了。
② It wasn’t long before he told me about the news. 没多久他就告诉了我那条新闻。
③不等……就 在---之前：Before I could get in a word, he had measured me.
The telephone rang off before I could answer it. 我还没来得及接电话，电话就挂断了。
④刚……就：He hardly entered the room before he heard the telephone ring.
⑤先……再：You can have a few days to think about it before you make your decision.
做出决定之前你还有几天时间考虑
3)since 引导的从句用延续性动词的过去式（包括过去完成时），则从句的动作已经结束,从句意思是否定的。如果从句的动词是延续性动词的完成时态，从句意思是肯定的。
It is /has been a period of time 延续性动词的过去式 自从该动作结束已多长时间
延续性动词的完成时态 since 该动作已延续了多长时间
短暂性动词的过去式 自从该动作开始已多长时间
①He has never been to see me since I was ill.我病愈后，他一直未来看我。（不在生病了）
②He has never been to see me since I have been ill.我病了，他一直未来看我。
③I haven’t heard from him since he lived here.自从他这里搬走，我就没有收到他的信。（不住在这儿了）
④I know him very well since he has lived here near us.自他住在我们附近以来，我对他很了解。
⑤It’s three years since I was in the army.我退伍已三年了。（不在服役了）
⑥It’s three years since I have been in the army=It's three years since I joined the army.我入伍已三年了。
4)如果与till与until从句使用的主句是肯定的，则主句中谓语要用延续性动词如果与其使用的主句是否肯定的，则主句中谓语要用短暂性动词。另till从句不可以置于句首，只有until从句可以放在句首。not until 放在句首时主句要倒装。
He didn’t go back to his hometown until three years later.
=Not until three years later did he go back to his hometown.
I didn’t recognize him until he took off his glasses.
= Not until he took off his glasses did I recognize him.
2.原因状语从句
由下列连词引导：as, because, since, now that, considering that, seeing that(鉴于---)。
下面几点值得注意：
1) because语气最强，用于回答why的提问，可与强调词only, just 以及否定词not 连用。但不可以与so连用。如You shouldn’t get angry just because some people speak ill of you.
He failed because he was careless. 他因粗心而失败了。
because引导的从句可以被强调：
It was because she wanted to study abroad that she entered for TOEFL
2) since引导的从句语气次于because引导的从句，常表示稍加分析后而推断出的原因，或指人们已知的事实，比as正式一些,常置于句首。as语气最弱，其原因只是对结果的附带说明，一般放在句首。
Since/ Now that no one is against it ,let’s carry out the plan.
Since everyone has come, let’s begin our meeting. 既然大家都来了，我们开会吧。
As all the seats were full, he stood there. 所有的座位都满了他只好站那儿。
3) for虽解释为“因为”但只是一个并列连词，它也常引导句子表原因，但不是原因状语从句，它是一个并列句。for所提供的理由是一种补充性的说明，表推测的理由。
The day was short, for it was December.
It might have rained last night for the ground is wet. 昨晚可能下雨了，因为地面是湿的。
She must have cried for her eyes are red. 她一定哭过了，她眼睛红的。
He can’t have done that for he is not that kind of man. 他不可能这么做的，因为他不是那种人。
3.地点状语从句
由下列连词引导:where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere。
You may find him where his brother lives.
You are free to go wherever you like. 你可以去你想要去的任何地方。
Anywhere he went, he got warm welcome. 无论他走到哪儿，都收到热烈欢迎。
The girl takes the doll with her everywhere she goes.
Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。
4.结果状语从句
由下列连词引导：that，so…that，such…that，so that等。
注意以下几种结构：
1).so+adj/adv+that… 2).such(a/an+adj)+n+that…
3).so+adj+a/an+n+that=such a/an+adj+n+that… 4).so many/much/few/little(少)+n+that…
5)such +(adj) +n (u /pl )+ that
He spoke so fast that I couldn’t follow him. 他说的如此的快，我跟不上他。
It was such a lovely day / so lovely a day that we all went swimming 今天天气如此的好，我们大家都去游泳了。
He gave such important reasons that he was excused. 他给了非常重要的理由，我们都原谅他了。
So或such置于句首时，主句常倒装。
It was such a lovely day / so lovely a day that we all went swimming .
＝Such a lovely day was it that we all went swimming.
He gave such important reasons that he was excused.
= Such important reasons did he give that he was excused.
注意以上结构与定语从句so/such…as的区别。
This is such an interesting/so interesting a film that everyone wants to see it.
This is such an interesting/so interesting a film as everyone wants to see.
The stone is so heavy as we can’t lift.
That 引导的从句常用于口语中。
We turned the radio up (so) that everyone heard the news.
5.目的状语从句
由下列连词引导：so that, in order that, for fear that, in case等。 （注：so that也可用来引导结果状语从句）
so that, in order that引导的目的状语从句中常需用情态动词。so that引导的目的状语从句只能放在主句之后，in order that 引导的目的状语从句可以放在主句之前或之后。
We set out early so that we could see the sunrise. 我们很早出发以便能看到日出
He sent the letter by air mail so that it might reach them in time. 他空邮这份信的以便他们能按时收到。
for fear that, in case 引导的目的状语从句谓语动词要用should do 它们本身带有否定意义，相当于so that--not, in order that---not
We hid behind the bushes in case /for fear that passers-by should see us. 我们躲在丛林中以防过路人看见。
Please remind me of it again tomorrow in case I forget. 明天请再次提醒我以防我忘了。
6.条件状语从句
分为真实条件句和非真实条件句（用在虚拟语气中）。
由下列连词引导：if, unless, suppose, supposing, providing(that),provided(that),given(that),in case, on condition that, as long as, so long as, so far as等。
(1)Unless=if not
You will fail unless you study hard. 除非努力否则你就要失败。
(2)suppose, supposing, providing(that),provided(that),given(that)= if
Suppose I don’t have a day off, what shall I do?
Given that he supports us, we’ll win the election. 如果他支持我们，我们就会赢得选举。
(3) on condition that, as long as, so long as = only if
As long as you don’t lose heart, you will succeed. 只要你不灰心，你就会成功。
(4) As far as I know, he cheated in the exam.
So far as I am concerned, I’m in favour of “mercy killing”. 就我个人而言， 我支持安乐死。
As far as I’m concerned , making money is not the only purpose of life.就我个人而言，赚钱并不是生活的唯一目的。
7.让步状语从句
由下列连词引导：although, though, as, even if, even though ,while, whether…or, whoever, whatever, however,
no matter+疑问词等。
注意以下几点：
1) although, though引导让步状语从句时，主句前不能用but,但可以加yet, still。
He is unhappy though he has a lot of money.
Though it was raining hard, yet they didn’t stop working. 尽管下着大雨，他们仍然在工作。
2) as引导让步状语从句时，必须用前置结构，通常是从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在句首，放在句首的名词前的冠词要去掉。
Though he is a child, he knows a lot.
=Child as(though)he is, he knows a lot.（注意在child前不要用冠词）
Good as he is , he won’t be top of class.
Though I like it very much, I won’t buy it.
=Much as I like it, I won’t buy it.
Try as he would, he couldn’t lift the heavy box.
Though it is raining heavily, he rushed out.
=Heavily as it is raining ,he rushed out.
3) whether ---or (not ) 引导的从句，提供两个对比的“尽管”情况， 含有条件意味。
（Whether you） believe it or not, it is true. 信不信由你， 这是真的。
Whether you come here or we go there , the topic of discussion will remain unchanged.
不管是你来这儿还是他去那儿，讨论的主题保持不变。
4) 疑问词+ever＝no matter +疑问词
whatever you say, I won’t believe you.
Whoever you are, you must show your pass. 无论你是谁，你都必须出示你的通行证。
Whenever you come, you are welcome. 无论你啥时来，都欢迎。
8.方式状语从句
由下列连词引导：as, as if, as though ,the way等。
At Rome we must do as the Romans (do). 入乡随俗
Do it the way you were told (to). 教你怎样做就怎样做。
He treats me as if I were a stranger. 他对待我象陌生人一样。
注意以下几点：
1)as引导方式状语从句时意义为“按照”，“如同”，前面常用加强语势。
I did it just as you told me.
= I did it just as told to
He didn’t win the match as expected. 他没有像预料的一样赢得比赛。
2) as if和as though 引导的从句中，谓语常用虚拟语气，有时也用陈述语气。
It seems as if it were going to rain.
CF : it seems as if it is going to rain.
3)连词while 和whereas 可表示对比。
Whereas he is rather lazy, she is quite energetic.
注意状语从句中的省略现象
1)连接词+过去分词
Unless repaired, the washing machine is no use.
Though _______or many times, David often drives after drinking.
A. to be warned B. having been warning C warned D. being warned
2)连词+现在分词
Look out while crossing the street.
3)连词+形容词/其他
常见的有if necessary、if possible、when necessary、if any等
4)比较状语从句中的省略句。如：He arrived home half an hour earlier than (he had been)expected.
注：比较状语从句放在复习形容词、副词时复习
篇2：江苏省石庄高级中学06届高考语法(倒装、省略、插入语)练习(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
江苏省石庄高级中学06届高考语法(倒装、省略、插入语)练习
1.-Why can’t I smoke here? -At no time ____ in the meeting room.
A.is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C.does smoking permit D.smoking does permit
2.Only ____ as an interpreter ____ how important it is to grasp English.
A. when did I work; I realized B. when I worked; I realized
C. when did I work; did I realize D. when I worked; did I realize
3.Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons. _________.
A. So is Li Ming B. So does Li MingC. It was the same with Li Ming D. So it is with Li Ming
4. that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.
A. Such construction robots are clever B. So clever the construction robots are
C. Such clever construction robots are D. So clever are the construction robots
5.Important ___ his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.
A. when B. until C. as D. although
6. ____ in 1812, the New Orleans Battle could have been avoided.
A. If the peace agreement was signed in America B. If the peace agreement had signed in America
C. Was the peace agreement signed in America D. Had the peace agreement been signed in America
7.It was too noisy outside. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice ____ his head.
A. did he turn B. had he turned C. he hadn’t turned D. he didn’t turn
8.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________with each other.
A. they had quarrelled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarrelled D. had they quarreled
9.Only in this way_________ to make improvement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope
10.-You forgot your purse when you went out.-Good heavens, _______.
A. so did I B. so I did C.I did so D.I so did
11.Not only ________interested in football but ________ beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is…all his students are B. the teacher himself is…are all his students
C. is the teacher himself…are all his students D. is the teacher himself…all his students are
12.Only when the war was over ________to his hometown.
A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned
C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return
13.An awful accident ________, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to
14.My sister speaks English , if not better than, my brother.
A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as
15. , you have given me a lot of help.
A.Tell the truth B.To tell the truth C.Telling true D.Telling truth
16. his face, the young man must be over 20.
A.Judged from B.Judged C.Judging from D.Judging
17. heat is different from temperature?
A.How do you think B.How you think C.What do you think D.What you think
18.What he said, , has nothing to do with what he did.
A.to my surprise B.to my surprised C.to my surprising D.to our surprises
19.This Englishman is good at writing, reading and is kind to others.
A.above all B.first of all C.in all D.after all
20.If Bob’s wife doesn’t agree to sign the papers， .
A．neither he will B．neither does he C．neither will he D．he won’t neither
21.Hardly the people ran toward it．
A．had the plane landed when B．had the plane 1anded than
C．the plane had landed when D．the plane was landing than
22.0nly by practising a few hours every day be able to master the language．
A．you can B．can you C．you will D．will you
23.Never before our country as strong as it is today．
A．has；been B．不填；has been C．has been；不填 D．is；不填
24.Not only polluted but crowded．
A．was the city；were the streets B．the city was；were the streets
C．was the city；the streets were D．the city was；the streets were
25. got into the room telephone rang．
A.He hardly had；than B．Hardly had he；when
C．He had not；than D．Not had he；when
26.-Listen，there ． - Oh，yes．There ．
A．goes the bell；it goes B．goes the bell；goes it
C．the bell goes；it goes D．the bell goes；goes it
27. then he wouldn’t have made such a mistake．
A．If he followed your advice B．Were he to follow your advice
C．Had he followed your advice D．He had followed your advice
28.Only after set free able to go on with his research work．
A．he was；was he B．was he；was he C．was he；he was D．he was；he was
29. do we go for picnics．
Sometimes B．Certainly C．Seldom D．0nce
30.No sooner had she seen her father she ran to him．
A．than B．when C．as D．that
31.Nowhere else in the World cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong．
A．a tourist can find B．can a tourist find C．a tourist will find D．a tourist has found
32. ，the football game has been decided not to be put off．
A．Heavily as did it rain B．As it rained heavily C．Heavily as it rained D．As heavily as it could
33.Now here else in this city ．
A．can such cheap things be found B．Can find so cheap a thing
C．such cheap things can be found D．you can find sucn cheap things
34.-----I don't think I can walk any further.
------ _______ . Let's stop here for a rest.
A. Neither am I B. Neither can I C. I don't think so D. I think so
35.-Can you tell me where my uncle is? -Yes，of course， ．
A．here your uncle comes B．here comes your uncle
C．comes your uncle here D．your uncle here comes
36.So 1oudly that even people in the street could hear him．
A．he spoke B．did he speak C．he did speak D．spoke he
37.The door burst open and ，shouting with anger.
A．in rushed the crowd B．rushed in the crowd C．the crowd in rushed D．in the crowed rushed
38.On the top of the hill where the old man once lived．
A．a temple stands there B．a temple standing C．does a temple stand D．stands a temple
39.The soil is a part of the earth， is the atmosphere．
A．that B．such C．so D．it
40.On the wall _____ two large portraits.
A.hangs B. hanging C.hanged D. hang
41.-- I usually go there by train.
-- Why not__________by boat for a change?
A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
42.__________ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.
A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not
43-- I’d like to have a piece of bread and two eggs.
-- Anything __________?
A.following B.follows C.to follow D.to be followed
44. He suggested that the work _________ at once.
A.be done B.should do C.could do D.does
45.It’s a fine day. Let’s go swimming, __________?
A.won’t we B.will you C.don’t we D.shall we
46.Be sure to be here early tomorrow, __________?
A.will you B.aren’t you C.can you D.could you
47.We will have a meeting next week, but we don’t know __________.
A.who B.where C.as D.which
48.I don’t like the way __________ you talk to your mother.
A.／ B.in that C.which D.of which
49.I know the boy very well. I have seen him up from childhood.
A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.to grow
50.Though the little boy is often made by his brother, he made his brother ＿＿＿yesterday.
A.cry；to cry B.crying； crying C.cry； cry D.to cry； cry
51.-- I’ll go to Korea to watch the 14th Asian Games. Would you mind looking after my dog?
-- Not all. __________.
A.I can’t B.Please don’t C.I’d like it D.I’d be happy to
52.Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him__________.
A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to
53.--Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend? -- __________.
A.I believe not B.I believe not so C.I don’t believe it D.I don’t believe
54.-- What do you think made the girl so glad? -- __________ a beautiful necklace.
A.As she received B.Receiving C.Received D.Because of receiving
55.-- Aren’t you be chairman? -- No, and I __________.
A.don’t want to B.don’t want C.don’t want to be D.don’t want be
56.Well, we have been waiting here__________for the guest.
A.long time B.a long time C.the long time D.some long time
57.You’re__________your time trying to persuade him. He’ll never join us.
A.spending B.wasting C.losing D.missing
58.Father advised me not to say anything until__________ at the meeting.
A.asking B.to ask C.asked D.ask
59.-- Coffee __________ milk?
-- Only milk, please, __________ I used to like coffee.
A.and；and B.and； but C.or； and D.or； but
60. -- He promised to come to see you.
-- But he __________. I’ve been all alone.
A.didn’t B.wouldn’t C.hasn’t D.won’t
61.-- How about the number of students playing on the playground?
-- __________.
A.Small B.Many C.Little D.Most
62.All substances, __________ solids, liquids, or gases, are made up of entirely atoms.
A.whether they B.whether C.whether are they D.whether are
63.Mr. Black, __________ born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri.
A.was B.he was C.although D.who he was
64.-- Have you watered the flowers?-- No, but __________.
A.I am B.I’m going C.I’m just going to D.I will go
65.-- He hasn’t gone to the office up to now. -- Well, he __________.
A.should B.ought to C.ought to go D.ought to have
66.If you go to Xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly .
A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose
67.If __________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.
A.giving B.give C.given D.being given
68.He broke his legs while __________.
A.riding B.ride C.was riding D.rode
69.-- Would you like some wine? -- Yes, just __________. (NMET’93)
A.little B.very little C.a little D.little bit
70.He said__________his sister had passed the entrance examination of college, and__________she would go to college in about 20 days.
A.that； ／ B.that； that C.／； ／ D.that； which
06届高考语法(倒装省略插入语)配套练习答案分析与讲评
1-5ADDDC 6-10DACCB 11-15DABBB 16-20CAAAC 21-25ABACB 26-30ACACA
31-35BCABB 36-40BADCD 41-45DCCAD 46-50ABAAD 51-55DAABC
56-60BBCBC 61-65ABCCD 66-70BCACB
1.-Why can’t I smoke here? -At no time ____ in the meeting room.
A.is smoking permitted B.smoking is permitted C.does smoking permit D.smoking does permit
答句中否定介词短语at no time位于句首，表明了句子的主谓结构应采用部分倒装的形式，即将句中的助动词调至主语之前。根据句子意思该句为被动语态，排除选项B、C、D。
2.Only ____ as an interpreter ____ how important it is to grasp English.
A. when did I work; I realized B. when I worked; I realized
C. when did I work; did I realize D. when I worked; did I realize
only引导状语从句位于句首，从句不可采用倒装形式，主句必须部分倒装。
3.Zhang Hua is clever and works hard at his lessons. _________.
A. So is Li Ming B. So does Li MingC. It was the same with Li Ming D. So it is with Li Ming
根据题干及句子结构可知，它含有两个不同的谓语动词，当它的内容也适合另一个主语时，这个句子需用So it is/ was with sb/sth. 或It is/was the same with sb/sth. 来表示。选项C时态错误。
4. that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent.
A. Such construction robots are clever B. So clever the construction robots are
C. Such clever construction robots are D. So clever are the construction robots
在so...that 或such...that 引导的结果状语从句中，当so或 such 位于句首时，主句要采用部分倒装形式。
5.Important ___ his discovery was, it was regarded as a matter of no account in his time.
A. when B. until C. as D. although
分析句子意思可知，选项部分为让步状语从句，当从句中用作状语的形容词或名词位于句首时，要用as 或though，但助动词不前置。
6. ____ in 1812, the New Orleans Battle could have been avoided.
A. If the peace agreement was signed in America B. If the peace agreement had signed in America
C. Was the peace agreement signed in America D. Had the peace agreement been signed in America
根据题干中主句谓语动词的结构可知，该句是表示与过去事实相反的虚拟结构，从句中谓语部分应使用过去完成时，如果省略连词if，句子应采用部分倒装形式，即将助动词had调至主语之前，选项A、C为陈述语序，选项B为主动语态，均不符合句子结构
7.It was too noisy outside. Not until I shouted at the top of my voice ____ his head.
A. did he turn B. had he turned C. he hadn’t turned D. he didn’t turn
根据题干及句子结构可知，not until引导的时间状语从句位于句首，且表示过去某一点时刻所发生的动作，主句应采用一般过去时的部分倒装形式。
8.The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once ________with each other.
A. they had quarrelled B. they have quarreled C. have they quarrelled D. had they quarreled
考部分主谓倒装。否定句(如该句中的never)在句首时，应用部分主谓倒装。这类副词有：never ,hardly ,seldom ,scarcely，little等。这句话的意思是：那对老夫妇结婚已经四十年了，连一次架也没吵过。
9.Only in this way_________ to make improvement in the operating system.
A. you can hope B. you did hope C. can you hope D. did you hope
在含有only+状语的句子中，谓语动词要进行倒装。这句话的意思是：只有用这种方法，才能改善操作系统。
10.-You forgot your purse when you went out.-Good heavens, _______.
A. so did I B. so I did C.I did so D.I so did
“so+正装句”的意思是“是的”，表示同意别人所说的话。所提供的情境Good heaven说明自己确实在出门时忘了带钱包，所以回答说：“so I did.”。so I did的意思是“我确实忘了带钱包。”注意区别so I did, so did I, I did so。例：①“He sang this song just now.”-“So did I.”(我也是)②The doctor told me to breathe deeply.“I did so”.(我照着医生的吩咐做了深呼吸)③“You forget to post the letter for me.”-“So I did.”(我的确忘了邮信了)。
11.Not only ________interested in football but ________ beginning to show an interest in it.
A. the teacher himself is…all his students are B. the teacher himself is…are all his students
C. is the teacher himself…are all his students D. is the teacher himself…all his students are
Not only… but…引导的句子前一部分要用倒装。这句话的意思是：不仅老师对足球感兴趣，学生们也开始对足球感兴趣了。
12.Only when the war was over ________to his hometown.
A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returned
C. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return
only+状语或状语从句作状语时主句要进行倒装。本句是only+时间状语从句，所以后接的主句要倒装。这句话的意思是：直到战争结束后，这个年轻的战士才得以返回故乡。
13.An awful accident ________, however, occur the other day.
A. does B. did C. has to D. had to
这是一个对谓语强调的句子。时间状语the other day表示过去，所以要用一般过去时。由于在主语和谓语中间插入了however，增加了试题的难度。注意：对谓语强调句子必须用于肯定句的一般时中，在谓语动词前加did, does或do。
14.My sister speaks English , if not better than, my brother.
A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as
if not better than为插入语。
15. , you have given me a lot of help.
A.Tell the truth B.To tell the truth C.Telling true D.Telling truth
to tell the truth(说实话),常见的作插入语的不定式短语还有：so to speak(可以说是),to be sure(无疑地),to sum up(概括地说), to be honest(坦率地说),to be frank(坦率地说)，to be fair(说句公道话)。
16. his face, the young man must be over 20.
A.Judged from B.Judged C.Judging from D.Judging
judging from, generally speaking, strictly speaking等都为插入语。
17. heat is different from temperature?
A.How do you think B.How you think C.What do you think D.What you think
do you think为插入语置于疑问词之后，而特殊疑问句本身的主语、谓语用陈述语序。
18.What he said, , has nothing to do with what he did.
A.to my surprise B.to my surprised C.to my surprising D.to our surprises
to my surprise为插入语。
19.This Englishman is good at writing, reading and is kind to others.
A.above all B.first of all C.in all D.after all
above all意为“更重要的是”。
20.If Bob’s wife doesn’t agree to sign the papers， .
A．neither he will B．neither won’t he C．neither will he D．he won’t neither
“他也不去”是将来的事。neither will he=he won’t agree to sign the papers,either
21.Hardly the people ran toward it．
A．had the plane landed when B．had the plane 1anded than
C．the plane had landed when D．the plane was landing than
Hardly…when主句中用倒装，且要用过去完成时
22.0nly by practising a few hours every day be able to master the language．
A．you can B．can you C．you will D．will you
参看2，9题
23.Never before our country as strong as it is today．
A．has；been B．不填；has been C．has been；不填 D．is；不填
Never否定词位于句首
24.Not only polluted but crowded．
A．was the city；were the streets B．the city was；were the streets
C．was the city；the streets were D．the city was；the streets were
参看11题
25. got into the room telephone rang．
A.He hardly had；than B．Hardly had he；when
C．He had not；than D．Not had he；when
参看21题
26.-Listen，there ． - Oh，yes．There ．
A．goes the bell；it goes B．goes the bell；goes it
C．the bell goes；it goes D．the bell goes；goes it
“Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be等) + 主语” 结构
本句型中there是副词,应重读,强调地点。而前一句型中的there是引导词,本身没意义。
除了then引导的句子用过去式以外,其余的均用一般现在时,表示一种生动的描述。其次,如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。
27. then he wouldn’t have made such a mistake．
A．If he followed your advice B．Were he to follow your advice
C．Had he followed your advice D．He had followed your advice
省略了If的虚拟语气条件句：在虚拟结构中，条件从句的谓语含有were, had 和should这三个词是，可省去if，将这些词移至主语之前。
28.Only after set free able to go on with his research work．
A．he was；was he B．was he；was he C．was he；he was D．he was；he was
参看2，9，22题
29. do we go for picnics．
Sometimes B．Certainly C．Seldom D．0nce
半否定词位于句首seldom
30.No sooner had she seen her father she ran to him．
A．than B．when C．as D．that
No sooner…than=hardly…when
31.Nowhere else in the World cheaper tailoring than in Hong Kong．
A．a tourist can find B．can a tourist find C．a tourist will find D．a tourist has found
参看23题，Nowhere否定词位于句首
32. ，the football game has been decided not to be put off．
A．Heavily as did it rain B．As it rained heavily C．Heavily as it rained D．As heavily as it could
as引导的让步状语从句，将副词提到句子前
33.Now here else in this city ．
A．can such cheap things be found B．Can find so cheap a thing
C．such cheap things can be found D．you can find sucn cheap things
here, there, up, down, in, out, off, away等副词开头的句子表示强调
34.-----I don't think I can walk any further.
------ _______ . Let's stop here for a rest.
A. Neither am I B. Neither can I C. I don't think so D. I think so
Neither can I =I don’t think I can walk any further,either.参看20题
35.-Can you tell me where my uncle is? -Yes，of course， ．
A．here your uncle comes B．here comes your uncle
C．comes your uncle here D．your uncle here comes
参看26题
36.So 1oudly that even people in the street could hear him．
A．he spoke B．did he speak C．he did speak D．spoke he
So + 形容词、副词及such 置于句首时要倒装
37.The door burst open and ，shouting with anger.
A．in rushed the crowd B．rushed in the crowd C．the crowd in rushed D．in the crowed rushed
为了表达生动，有时把表地点、方位的副词，如 up, down, out, away, in等放在句首，同时把谓语动词放在主语之前。若主语为人称代词，主语和谓语动词的位置不变，只将副词放在句首。（完全倒装）
38.On the top of the hill where the old man once lived．
A．a temple stands there B．a temple standing C．does a temple stand D．stands a temple
介词短语或方位名词词组作地点状语位于句首，引起全部倒装。例如：
In the corner of the room stands a writing－table./South of the city lies a big factory./Under the bed lies a cat./In these oceans live huge numbers of a small fish 5cm long.
注：以上两种完全倒装主语必须是名词，谓语常是表示方位或转移的不及物动词，如lie,live,sit,stand,be,come,go,rise,walk,run等，主语若是人称代词或谓语不属上述动词之列，则不用完全倒装。
39.The soil is a part of the earth， is the atmosphere．
A．that B．such C．so D．it
so, neither或nor表示前句内容也适用于另外的人或事。
40 On the wall _____ two large portraits.
A.hangs B. hanging C.hanged D. hang
析：由于介词短语on the wall位于句首，全句要采用完全倒装式，因为主语是复数。
41.-- I usually go there by train.
-- Why not__________by boat for a change?
A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
Why not try going...?＝Why don’t you try going...?
42.__________ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.
A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they were not
含有if的虚拟条件句可把if省略，而把had，should，were等提到句首，构成倒装。
43-- I’d like to have a piece of bread and two eggs.
-- Anything __________?
A.following B.follows C.to follow D.to be followed
Anything to follow?＝Is there anything to follow?在there be句型中，修饰主语的不定式可以用主动形式，也可以用被动形式，但口语中，常用主动形式。
44. He suggested that the work _________ at once.
A.be done B.should do C.could do D.does
在suggest(建议)，insist(坚持主张)，order，demand等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should可以省略。
45.It’s a fine day. Let’s go swimming, __________?
A.won’t we B.will you C.don’t we D.shall we
Shall we=shall we go swimming?
46.Be sure to be here early tomorrow, __________?
A.will you B.aren’t you C.can you D.could you
47.We will have a meeting next week, but we don’t know __________.
A.who B.where C.as D.which
where＝where we will have a meeting next week
48.I don’t like the way __________ you talk to your mother.
A.／ B.in that C.which D.of which
当way，time(次数)等作定语从句的先行词时，引导定语从句的关系词可以用that或in which,也可省略
49.I know the boy very well. I have seen him up from childhood.
A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.to grow
在主动语态中，感官动词和使役动词后接省去to的不定式作宾补；在被动语态中，to不可省略
50.Though the little boy is often made by his brother, he made his brother ＿＿＿yesterday.
A.cry；to cry B.crying； crying C.cry； cry D.to cry； cry
参看49题
51.-- I’ll go to Korea to watch the 14th Asian Games. Would you mind looking after my dog?
-- Not all. __________.
A.I can’t B.Please don’t C.I’d like it D.I’d be happy to
某些表示心理或情感状态的动词如：love, mean, want, hate, like, prefer, wish, expect, hope等的后面跟不定式时，为避免重复，常省略与上文相同的动词，而只保留不定式符号to
52.Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him__________.
A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to
tell him not to (play football with his friends in the street.)
53.--Do you think Jack is going to watch a football match this weekend? -- __________.
A.I believe not B.I believe not so C.I don’t believe it D.I don’t believe
so 和not可放在动词expect，fear，hope，suppose，believe，think，以及词组be afraid的后面，省略与上文相同的肯定或否定的宾语从句。
54.-- What do you think made the girl so glad? -- __________ a beautiful necklace.
A.As she received B.Receiving C.Received D.Because of receiving
Receiving a beautiful necklace(makes the girl so glad)
55.-- Aren’t you be chairman? -- No, and I __________.
A.don’t want to B.don’t want C.don’t want to be D.don’t want be
如果要省去的不定式中的动词是be时，则通常保留be
56.Well, we have been waiting here__________for the guest.
A.long time B.a long time C.the long time D.some long time
a long time前省去了介词for。
57.You’re__________your time trying to persuade him. He’ll never join us.
A.spending B.wasting C.losing D.missing
waste one’s time (in) doing sth.意为“浪费时间干某事”；spend time (in) doing sth.意为“花费时间干某事”
58.Father advised me not to say anything until__________ at the meeting.
A.asking B.to ask C.asked D.ask
until asked＝until I was asked.
59.-- Coffee __________ milk?
-- Only milk, please, __________ I used to like coffee.
A.and；and B.and； but C.or； and D.or； but
Coffee and milk?＝Do you want both coffee and milk?
60. -- He promised to come to see you.
-- But he __________. I’ve been all alone.
A.didn’t B.wouldn’t C.hasn’t D.won’t
He hasn’t.＝He hasn’t come to see me.根据下一句，应用完成时态
61.-- How about the number of students playing on the playground?
-- __________.
A.Small B.Many C.Little D.Most
说明the number of...,应用large,big或small
62.All substances, __________ solids, liquids, or gases, are made up of entirely atoms.
A.whether they B.whether C.whether are they D.whether are
在带有状语从句的复合句中，如果从句与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词，则可以省略从句的主语及be动词。此处从句中省略了they are
63.Mr. Black, __________ born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri.
A.was B.he was C.although D.who he was
在though, although,等引导的让步状语从句中。如：Though (they were) tired, they went on working. 虽然他们累了，但他们仍继续工作。
64.-- Have you watered the flowers?
-- No, but __________.
A.I am B.I’m going C.I’m just going to D.I will go
在某些结构，如：be about to, be going to, be able to, be sure to, be certain to, be likely to, be ready to, be supposed to, be obliged to, be to等后，常省去与前面动词一致的动词原形
65.-- He hasn’t gone to the office up to now. -- Well, he __________.
A.should B.ought to C.ought to go D.ought to have
如果不定式本身为完成时态，简略答语中常保留have。ought to have＝ought to have gone to the office.
66.If you go to Xi’an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly .
A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose
本句为比较状语从句的省略,省去了they are
67.If __________ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well.
A.giving B.give C.given D.being given
本句为条件状语从句的省略，省去了he is
68.He broke his legs while __________.
A.riding B.ride C.was riding D.rode
while riding＝while he was riding
69.-- Would you like some wine? -- Yes, just __________. (NMET’93)
A.little B.very little C.a little D.little bit
a little=a little wine
70He said__________his sister had passed the entrance examination of college, and__________she would go to college in about 20 days.
A.that； ／ B.that； that C.／； ／ D.that； which
当宾语从句不只一个时，引导词that一般不省
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篇3：江苏省石庄高级中学06届语法（介词和连词）练习（高考试题回访） (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
江苏省石庄高级中学06届语法（介词和连词）练习（高考试题回访）
1.No one helped me . I did it all myself .（全国卷I，22．）
A．for B．by C．from D．to
2.They wanted to charge $ 5, 000 for the car , we managed to bring the price down .
（2005全国卷1，27）
A．but B．so C．when D．since
3. We hadn’t planned to meet. We met _________ chance. （2005全国卷III，10．）
A．of B．in C．for D．by
4. John became a footBball coach in Sealion Middle School____the beginning of March.
（2005上海卷25.）
A. on B. for C. with D. at
5.（He suddenly saw Sue _____ the room. He pushed his way ____ the crowd of people to get to her. 2005湖南卷25.）
A. across, across B. over, through C. over, into D. across, through
6.-You know. Bob is a little slow ____ understanding, so…
- So I have to be patient ______ him. （2005重庆卷30.）
A. in ; with B. on; with C. in; to D. at; for
7. Your uncle seems to be a good driver ; ,I wouldn’t dare to travel in his Car .
(2005江西卷32．)
A．even so B．even though C．therefore D．so
8. Follow your doctor’s advice, _________ your cough will get worse. （2005辽宁卷30．）
A．or B．and C．then D．so
9. Paul had to write a history paper， ________he couldn’t find time to do it．(甘肃、青海卷21)
A．but B．so C．because D．if
10. --I think George doesn’t really care for TV plays． --Right．________he still watches the program．(2004重庆卷28)
A．and B．but C．or D．so
11. I feel that one of my main duties ________a teacher is to help the students to become better learners．(2004广东卷22)
A．for B．by C．as D．with
12. It was a pity that the great writer died ________his works unfinished．(2004福建卷30)
A．for B．with C．from D．of
13. There are many kinds of sports，________my favorite is swimming．(2004辽宁卷21)
A．as B．then C．so D．but
14. ________modeling business is by no means easy to get into，the good model will always be in demand．(2004浙江卷31)
A．While B．Since C．As D．If
15. ________I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person．(2004江苏卷23)
A．While B．Since C．Before D．Unless
16. I do every single bit of housework ________my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then．(2004广西卷35)
A．since B．while C．when D．as
17. He got to the station early，________missing his train．(2004江苏卷24)
A．in case of B．instead of C．for fear of D．in search of
18. To enjoy the scenery，Irene would rather spend long hours on the train_______travel by air．(2004广西卷26)
A．as B．to C．than D．while
C would rather．．．than固定搭配，意为“情愿……而不愿”.
19. ________you call me to say you’re not coming，I'11 see you at the theatre．(四川卷27)
A．Though B．Whether C．Until D．Unless
20. The accident is reported to have occurred _________the first Sunday in February．(2004上海卷25)
A．at B．on C．in D．to
21. Stand over there ________you’ll be able to see it better．(2004天津卷22)
A．or B．while C．but D．and
22. It was evening ________we reached the little town of Winchester．(2004天津卷32)
A．that B．until C．since D．before
23. ________two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend．(2004北京卷33)
A．With B．Besides C．As for D．Because of
24. You can’t wear a blue jacket ________that shirt-it’11 1ook terrible．(2004湖南卷32)
A．on B．above C．up D．over
25. We were swimming in the lake ________suddenly the storm started．(2004北京春季卷26)
A．when B．while C．until D．before
26. The shop doesn’t open until 11 a．m．, ________it loses a lot of business．(2004北京春季卷29)
A．for B．or C．but D．so
27 _______I can see，there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger．.(2004北京春季卷35)
A．As long as B．As far as C．Just as D．Even if
28. ________，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week．(2004上海春季卷43)
A．However the story is amusing B．No matter amusing the story is
C．However amusing the story is D．No matter how the story is amusing．
29.In order to change attitudes ________employing women，the government is bringing in new laws．(2004北京春季卷25)
A．about B．of C．towards D．on
30. I am sorry it’s ________my power to make a final decision on the project．(2004上海春季卷26)
A．over B．above C．off D．beyond
31. Don’t be afraid of asking for help ________it is needed．(全国卷21)
A．unless B．since C．although D．when
32. We’re going to the bookstore in John’s car．You can come with us ________you can meet us there later．(2003全国卷29)
A．but B．and C．or D．then
33. He made a mistake，but then he corrected the situation ________it got worse．(2003北京卷30)
A．until B．when C．before D．as
34. ________ I know the money is safe，I shall not worry about it．(2003北京卷31)
A．Even though B．Unless C．As long as D．While
35. They had a pleasant chat ________a cup of coffee．(2003北京卷33)
A．for B．with C．during D．over
36. The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism _____ the wildlife in the area．(2003上海卷26)
A．in B．on C．at D．with
37. --How far apart do they live?
--________I know，they live in the same neighborhood．(2003上海卷33)
A．As long as B．As far as C．As well as D．As often as
38. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity________he reaches the end of the story．(2003上海卷35)
A．when B．unless C．after D．until
39. --Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
--Yes．He had never praised him ________he became one of the top students in his grade．(2003北京春季卷29)
A．after B．unless C．until D．when
40.Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report ________her boss could read it first thing next morning．(2003安徽春季卷30)
A．so that B．because C．before D．or else
41. The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO is strong1y impressed ________my memory．(2003上海春季卷22)
A．to B．over C．by D．on
42. I would appreciate it ______you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment．(2003上海春季卷31)
A．until B．if C．when D．that
43. Excuse me for breaking in，________I have some news for you．(全国卷22)
A．so B．and C．but D．yet
44. John shut everybody out of the kitchen ___he could prepare his grand surprise for the party．(2002全国卷30)
A．which B．when C．so that D．as if
45. It is so nice to hear from her．_______，we last met more than thirty years ago．(2002北京卷24)
A．What’s more B．That is to say C．In other words D．Believe it or not
46. --Would you like to come to the dinner party here on Saturday? (2002北京卷27)
--Thank you．I’d love to，________I’ll be out of town at the weekend．
A．because B．and C．so D．but
47. --What do you want ________those old boxes? (2002北京卷33)
--To put things in when I move to the new fiat．
A．by B．for C．of D．with 、
48. Luckily，the bullet narrowly missed the captain ________an inch．(2002上海卷22)
A．by B．at C．to D．from
49. He was about to tell me the secret ________someone patted him on the shoulder．(2002上海卷36)
A．as B．until C．while D．when
50. --You are so lucky． --What do you mean _________that? (2002京、蒙、皖春季卷23)
A．or B．in C．of D．by
51. Marie Curie took little notice _________the honours that were given to her in her later years．
A．of B．on C．about D．from (2002上海春季卷21)
52.The home improvements have taken what little there is _______my spare time．(全国卷27)
A．from B．in C．of D．at
53. The sunlight came in ________the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room．
A．through B．across C．on D．over (2001上海卷24)
54. The men will have to wait a day _________the doctor works faster．
A．if B．unless C．whether D．that (2001京、蒙、皖春季卷9)
55. --Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
--Yes，I gave it to her ________I saw her (2001京、蒙、皖春季卷14)
A．while B．the moment C．suddenly D．once
56. Ross was wild with joy ________the result of the examination．(2001上海春季卷23)
A．to B．at C．by D．as
57. You will succeed in the end ________you give up halfway．(2001上海春季卷39)
A．even if B．as though C．as long as D．unless
58. I don’t think I’11 need any money but I’11 bring some ________．(全国卷7)
A．at last B．in case C．once again D．in time
59. Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up ________I could answer the phone．(2000全国卷14)
A．as B．since C．until D．before
60. ________production up by 60％，the company has had another excellent year. (2000全国卷18)
A．As B．For C．With D．Through
61. I know nothing about the young lady ________she is from Beijing．(2000上海卷32)
A．except B．except for C．except that D．besides
62. The changes in the city will cost quite a lot，________they will save us money in the long Rift．(2000京、皖春季卷13)
A．or B．since C．for D．but
63. John may phone tonight．I don’t want to go out ________he phones．(2000京、皖春季卷24)
A．as long as B．in order that C．in case D．so that
06届语法（介词和连词）练习（高考试题回访）答案和解析
1.（2005全国卷1）22．No one helped me . I did it all myself .
A．for B．by C．from D．to
by myself表示“独自一人“一切都是自己做的”
2.（2005全国卷1）27．They wanted to charge $ 5, 000 for the car , we managed to bring the price down .
A．but B．so C．when D．since
前后两句话是转折关系
3.（2005全国卷3）10．We hadn’t planned to meet. We met _________ chance.
A．of B．in C．for D．by
by chance偶然。根据We hadn’t planned to meet可以判断出他们的见面纯属偶然
4.（2005上海卷）25. John became a footBball coach in Sealion Middle School____ the beginning of March.
A. on B. for C. with D. at
at the beginning of在……的开始
5.（2005湖南卷）25. He suddenly saw Sue _____ the room. He pushed his way ____ the crowd of people to get to her.
A. across, across B. over, through C. over, into D. across, through
across指在空间上从一端到另一端，through着重从物体中间穿过
6.（2005重庆卷）30. -You know. Bob is a little slow ____ understanding, so…
- So I have to be patient ______ him.
A. in ; with B. on; with C. in; to D. at; for
A in understanding在理解上，be patient with对某人有耐心
7. (2005江西卷)32．Your uncle seems to be a good driver ; ,I wouldn’t dare to travel in his Car .
A．even so B．even though C．therefore D．so
上句“你叔叔好象是个好司机”，下句“我不敢坐他的车”。意思有转折，因此应该用表示转折的词even so尽管如此，even though即使，therefor因此，so那么，如此，因此
8.（2005辽宁卷）30．Follow your doctor’s advice, _________ your cough will get worse.
A．or B．and C．then D．so
祈使句++陈述句的句型表示：要怎么样，否则就怎么样。要遵照医嘱咐。否则你的咳嗽就会加重的。
9.(2004甘肃、青海卷21) Paul had to write a history paper， ________he couldn’t find time to do it．
A．but B．so C．because D．if
选项A表转折；B表结果；C表原因；D表条件。根据前、后两句的关系，答案选A。
10.(2004重庆卷28)
--I think George doesn’t really care for TV plays．
--Right．________he still watches the program．
A．and B．but C．or D．so
由still可知，这儿表转折。意指George尽管不喜欢电视剧，但他依然在看这个节目。
11.(2004广东卷22)1 feel that one of my main duties ________a teacher is to help the students to become better learners．
A．for B．by C．as D．with
根据句子的意思，宾语从句的意思是：作为教师的主要职责。根据介词的意思，只能选C。
12.(2004福建卷30)
It was a pity that the great writer died ________his works unfinished．
A．for B．with C．from D．of
die接不同的介词，表示不同的意思，die for表示死的目的；die from表示死的间接原因；die of表示死于饥饿、疾病、寒冷、情感等直接原因；而die with中的with应与后面名词连成一个意群，表示一个伴随的状态。根据句子的意思，答案选B。
13.(2004辽宁卷21)There are many kinds of sports，________my favorite is swimming．
A．as B．then C．so D．but
根据前后两个句子的关系，前一句讲总的情况，后一句讲个人的情况，因此，应该是转折关系，所以答案选’D。
14.(2004浙江卷31)________modeling business is by no means easy to get into，the good model will always be in demand．
A．While B．Since C．As D．If
选项A表示时间或对比；B表示时间或原因；C表示时间或原因；D表示条件。根据两个句子间的关系，答案选A。
15.(2004江苏卷23)________I accept that he is not perfect，I do actually like the person．
A．While B．Since C．Before D．Unless
首先从连词的意义上来看：while意为：虽然，尽管，表让步；since的意思是：既然，由于，表条件；before意思为：在……之前，表时间；unless意思为：除非，如果不，表条件。根据句子问的意思．可知选项A符合题意，表示前后两句的让步关系。因此，答案选A。
16.(2004广西卷35)I do every single bit of housework ________my husband Bob just does the dishes now and then．
A．since B．while C．when D．as
本题考查连词的用法。空前后的句意构成转折和对比，只能选B。while可表对比，意为“然而”，其他三个选项没有此意。
17.(2004江苏卷24)He got to the station early，________missing his train．
A．in case of B．instead of C．for fear of D．in search of
本题考查介词短语的用法。首先根据句子和镉语的意思排除选项B、D；再比较：in ease of意为：若，如果，万一，强调客观可能；for fear of意为：惟恐，为……起见，强调主观的担心。根据句子前后两部分的意思，本题所表示的应该是主观的担心。
18.(2004广西卷26)To enjoy the scenery，Irene would rather spend long hours on the train _________travel by air．
A．as B．to C．than D．while
would rather．．．than固定搭配，意为“情愿……而不愿”.
19.(20四川卷27)________you call me to say you’re not coming，I'11 see you at the theatre．
A．Though B．Whether C．Until D．Unless
根据前后句子的意思关系，显然前者是后者的条件，选项D等于if．．not．．．，表条件，与句子意思相符；A意思不对；B表不确定；C直到现在，表时间，意思也不对。
20.(2004上海卷25)The accident is reported to have occurred _________the first Sunday in February．
A．at B．on C．in D．to
本题考查日期前介词的用法。一般牵涉到具体的某一天时或特定的某一天时，前面用介词on。
21.(2004天津卷22)Stand over there ________you’ll be able to see it better．
A．or B．while C．but D．and
祈使句与句子并列时，只能用连词or，and等词，由此，可排除选项B、C；选项A表示可能会出现后面不良的后果；D表示在前面的条件下，就会出现后面的结果。根据上下义的意思．答案应该选D。
22.(2004天津卷32)It was evening ________we reached the little town of Winchester．
A．that B．until C．since D．before
根据句子结构，首先排除选项A，因它不可能是强调句型、主语从句或定语从句。再根据evening指时间点，排除选项c。主句表示一个终结性状态，所以排除B，因此正确答案选D。
23.(2004北京卷33) ________two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend．
A．With B．Besides C．As for D．Because of
根据句子两部分的意思关系，前者是说明作者在本周末必须努力学习的原因，因此，答案选A。
24.(2004湖南卷32) You can’t wear a blue jacket ________that shirt-it’11 1ook terrible．
A．on B．above C．up D．over
根据介词的基本意思，选项B表示“在……上方”，暗含不接触；C是副词，意思是“朝上”，应首先排除；选项A的意思是“在……表面上”，暗含表面的某一个地方；而D的意思是“在……上面”，暗含覆盖，根据常识，外面的农服不是穿在内衣上面的某一个地方，而是将整件内衣覆盖，答案应选D。
25.(2004北京春季卷26)We were swimming in the lake ________suddenly the storm started．
A．when B．while C．until D．before
根据句子的意思及主、从句的相互关系，应该是：我们正在湖中游泳时，突然下起了暴风雨。while意为“然而”，表转折，或意为“当……的时候”，这时常与延续性动词连用；until意为“直到…才”；before意为 “在……之前”，都不能与suddenly连用，故答案选A。
26.(2004北京春季卷29)The shop doesn’t open until 11 a．m．, ________it loses a lot of business．
A．for B．or C．but D．so
for，or，but，so都可作并列连词，for意为“因为”，表示原因；but表转折；of表选择，根据两个句子之间的关系，均与题意不符，须排除；只有so表结果。说明它开门迟所导致的结果。
27.(2004北京春季卷35)________I can see，there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger．
A．As long as B．As far as C．Just as D．Even if
as long as意为“只要”，表条件；as far as意为“据……”， “就……”，表范围；just as意为“正当”，引导时间状语从句。even if意为“即使”，表让步。根据两个句子问的关系，可确定答案选B。
28.(2004上海春季卷43)________，I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week．
A．However the story is amusing B．No matter amusing the story is
C．However amusing the story is D．No matter how the story is amusing．
根据句子的意思，这两个分句的关系必须是让步关系。However在此相当于no matter how，修饰形容词或副词，引导让步状语从句，但不能直接接句子，故选项A、B、D排除，答案选C。
29..(2004北京春季卷25)In order to change attitudes ________employing women，the government is bringing in new laws．
A．about B．of C．towards D．on
attitude在此意为“态度，看法”，后常接to或towards。
30.(2004上海春季卷26)I am sorry it’s ________my power to make a final decision on the project．
A．over B．above C．off D．beyond
beyond意为“超出，出乎”。本句的意思是：很抱歉，我无权对这个计划作出最后决定。beyond my power意为：超出了我的权力范围。
31.(2003全国卷21)Don’t be afraid of asking for help ________it is needed．
A．unless B．since C．although D．when
考连词的用法及区别。答案D容易和B混淆。这里的when =if(如果、倘若)。根据句子的前后关系，应该是未发生的事情，但由when引导的时间／条件状语从句中谓语动词应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。而since(既然)引导的是原因状语从旬，其谓语若是将来时，不可用一般现在时代替。译文：如果需要，就别怕向人求助。
32.(2003全国卷29)We’re going to the bookstore in John’s car．You can come with us ________you can meet us there later．
A．but B．and C．or D．then
该句考并列连词在句中的用法。因为句中的意思是“选择”，所以用了or。but表示转折；and表示并列；then表示递进。这几个词均不合句意。译文：我们要乘坐约翰的车去书店。你可以和我们一起去，也可以随后和我们在那里见面。
33.(2003北京卷30)He made a mistake，but then he corrected the situation ________it got worse．
A．until B．when C．before D．as
考查连词。旬意：他犯了个错误，但之后及时改正了．没有使情况恶化。before有“否则、不然”的意思。如：I’11 write it down before I forget it．我得记下来以免忘了。
34.(2003北京卷31)________ I know the money is safe，I shall not worry about it．
A．Even though B．Unless C．As long as D．While
考查关联词。as long as只要。句意是：只要我知道这些钱是安全的，我就不担心了。even though：even if，既使；unless：if not，除非：while当……时候，强调在……期间／同时，时间性强。
35.(2003北京卷33)They had a pleasant chat ________a cup of coffee．
A．for B．with C．during D．over
考查介词搭配。to chat over a cup of coffee意思是边喝咖啡边聊天。for和during都有“在……期间”之意，但后边通常加时间段：。with “随着，用”；over“在(做)……期间，边……边……”。
36.(2003上海卷26)The conference has been held to discuss the effects of tourism ________ the wildlife in the area．
A．in B．on C．at D．with
effect意为影响，与其对象之间用介词on,在本题中。effect的对象就是the wildlife，因此要用介词on。
37.(2003上海卷33) --How far apart do they live? --________I know，they live in the same neighborhood．
A．As long as B．As far as C．As well as D．As often as
首先应分析这四个短语的意思。as long as意为“只要……就”；as far as意为“到目前为止”；as well as意为“也……”；as often as意为“每次，每当”，根据题意，选B，意为“就我所知”。
38.(2003上海卷35)A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners’ curiosity ________he reaches the end of the story．
A．when B．unless C．after D．until
when意为“当……时”；unless意为“除非”；after意为 “……之后”；until意为“直到……为止”。译文：一个好的讲故事的人必须能够始终抓住听众的好奇心。
39.(2003北京春季卷29)--Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?
--Yes．He had never praised him ________he became one of the top students in his grade．
A．after B．unless C．until D．when
not never…until／till“直……才．不到……不”。依上下句意，这是一位对孩子要求很严格的父亲，由此看出他不会轻易表扬人，直到他成为年级中拔尖的学生才表扬他。c项正合题意；用after时，前后时态不对，因为学生要先优秀后被表扬，A错，B、D与句意不符。
40.(2003安徽春季卷30) Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report ________her boss could read it first thing next morning．
A．so that B．because C．before D．or else
Sally工作到很晚去完成她的报道，目的是她的老板能在第二天最早读到它。表目的有：so that／in order that+句子：in order to／so as to do。A合题意。如果用B，从句中不能用could，可用wanted等词。
41.(2003上海春季卷22)The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2011 is strong1y impressed ________my memory．
A．to B．over C．by D．on
impress sb(with sth)给某人深刻印象。impress on／upon sb是固定搭配，给……留下印象。
42.(2003上海春季卷31)I would appreciate it ________you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment．
A．until B．if C．when D．that
动词appreciate，like，dislike，hate，make等常接it作形式宾语，后面再接if／when引导的从句。if引导条件状语从句。译文：如果你今天下午对与医生的约定打回电话来，我会非常感谢。
43.(2002全国卷22)Excuse me for breaking in，________I have some news for you．
A．so B．and C．but D．yet
but用于表示歉意的话(如：Excuse me。或I’m sorry)的后面，引起一个句子，通常不能翻译为“但是”。
44.(2002全国卷30)John shut everybody out of the kitchen ________he could prepare his grand surprise for the party．
A．which B．when C．so that D．as if
so that引导目的状语从句，表示约翰把每个人都关在厨房外面的目的是能够准备做在聚会上使人们大吃一惊的事。when表示两个动作同时发生；as if的意思是“似乎”，与所提供的情境John shut everybody out of the kitchen不相吻合；which引导定语从句时作主语、宾语或表语，显然不是正确答案。
45.(2002北京卷24)It is so nice to hear from her．_______，we last met more than thirty years ago．
A．What’s more B．That is to say C．In other words D．Believe it or not
选项A表示程度的增加；选项B和C表示对上文的解释，因此，它们都不符题意。Believe it or not是一种口语常用的表达方式，意思是 “信不信由你”。由于距两人最后一次见面已经有三十多年了，为了让对方相信这是事实，用了这种表达方式。What’s more的意思是“另外；还有”, That is to say的意思是“这就是说”；In other words的意思是“换句话说”。
46.(2002北京卷27) --Would you like to come to the dinner party here on Saturday?
--Thank you．I’d love to，________I’ll be out of town at the weekend．
A．because B．and C．so D．but
所提供的情境I’11 be out of town at the weekend．说明说话人不能参加宴会。所以用but表示自己虽然乐意参加，但由于某种情况而不能参加。‘
47.(2002北京卷33) --What do you want ________those old boxes?
--To put things in when I move to the new fiat．
A．by B．for C．of D．with 、
所提供的情景To put things in when I move to the new flat，说明了箱子的用途。with的意思是“用”，后接工具。如：cut with a knife“用刀切”。
48.(2002上海卷22)Luckily，the bullet narrowly missed the captain ________an inch．
A．by B．at C．to D．from
by+数量词，表示相差多少。介词by可以和表示数量的词构成短语，表示尺寸、距离等。译文：幸运的是，子弹在距离船长一英尺的地方与他擦肩而过，没有射中他。答案为A。
49.(2002上海卷36)He was about to tell me the secret ________someone patted him on the shoulder．
A．as B．until C．while D．when
as，until，while和when均可表时间，但各有不同：as强调 “一边……一边……”；while“在……期间／同时”，表转折；when有两种用法：
①当……时，从句动词不限。②就在此时，忽然，等于at that time，suddenly。常用的句式有：be doing．．．when…(正在做……突然……)；be about to do…when (正要做……突然……)。译文：他正要告诉我这个秘密，这时，有人拍了拍他的肩膀。
50.(2002京、蒙、皖春季卷23)--You are so lucky． --What do you mean _________that?
A．or B．in C．of D．by
固定用法(句子)what do you mean后常跟by that／doing that／saying so，译为：你那样／这样讲(说)是什么意思?
51.(2002上海春季卷21)Marie Curie took little notice _________the honours that were given to her in her later years．
A．of B．on C．about D．from
take notice of为固定短语，意为“注意”。译文：居里夫人几乎不关心她晚年所得到的荣誉。答案为A。
52.(2001全国卷27)The home improvements have taken what little there is _______my spare time．
A．from B．in C．of D．at
这是一个宾语从句，have taken后接感叹句，其正常语序是what little of my spare time there is。
53.(2001上海卷24)The sunlight came in ________the windows in the roof and lit up the whole room．
A．through B．across C．on D．over
“从窗户缝隙中”要用介词through。through指从里面穿过，透过；across强调从面上横穿，横跨；on“在……面上”；over从一地到另一地；经过一段时间或距离。译文：阳光从屋顶窗户缝隙中照射进来，把整个屋子都照亮了。答案为A。
54.(2001京、蒙、皖春季卷9)The men will have to wait a day _________the doctor works faster．
A．if B．unless C．whether D．that
unless“如果不”，在此引导条件状语从句。译文：如果医生不快点工作，这些人不得不等一天。
55.(2001京、蒙、皖春季卷14)--Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
--Yes，I gave it to her ________I saw her．
A．while B．the moment C．suddenly D．once
先排除C，因为suddenly是副词，不能引导从句；从上下句看，所欠的钱已还过，而且是一看见她就还了，所以又可排除D，因为once含条件；while强调一段时间；the moment +that从句(that通常省略)意为“一…就……”。
56.(2001上海春季卷23)Ross was wild with joy ________the result of the examination．
A．to B．at C．by D．as
at表示原因。be wild with joy at的意思是“为……而欣喜若狂”。介词at接在某些形容词的后面表示原因。译文：罗丝因考试结果而兴高采烈。
57.(2001上海春季卷39)You will succeed in the end ________you give up halfway．
A．even if B．as though C．as long as D．unless
这是一个条件状语从句。even if=even though意为“即使”，与题意不合；as though=as if意为“好像”；as long as意为“只要”，均不合题意。unless的意思是“如果不”。译文：如果你不中途放弃，你最终会成功的。
58.(2000全国卷7)I don’t think I’11 need any money but I’11 bring some ________．
A．at last B．in case C．once again D．in time
in case的意思是“万一”。表明说话人带些钱的目的是以防万一。
59.(2000全国卷14) Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up ________I could answer the phone．
A．as B．since C．until D．before
before表示“来不及”。从句子的意思不难看出，在接电话之前对方就把电话挂断了。译文：半夜有人给我打电话，但我接电话时，他们就把电话挂断了。
60.(2000全国卷18)________production up by 60％，the company has had another excellent year.
A．As B．For C．With D．Through
此题句子是复合结构：with+宾语(production)+宾补(up by 60％)。with后接名词的意思是“随着”。as当“随着”讲时后接句子。for表原因时后面接句子且一般不置于句首。
61.(2000上海卷32)I know nothing about the young lady ________she is from Beijing．
A．except B．except for C．except that D．besides
except后接名词或代词，意思是“除……之外”，表示从整体中除掉部分。except for后接名词或代词，意思是“除……之外”，表示两种事物的类比。如：Your composition is very good，except for some mistakes．作文和错误是两个概念。except that引导句子。besides后接名词或代词，前边常有other，else等，意思是“除……以外还有”。she is from Beijing是一个句子，只有except that才能引导从句。
62.(2000京、皖春季卷13)The changes in the city will cost quite a lot，________they will save us money in the long Rift．
A．or B．since C．for D．but
比较两个句子的意思可知，它们是转折关系。译文：改变这个城市的面貌要花很多钱，但从长远看，它们将为我们节省钱。
63.(2000京、皖春季卷24)John may phone tonight．I don’t want to go out ________he phones．
A．as long as B．in order that C．in case D．so that
in case的意思是“万一”。不想出去的原因是怕John万一打来电话。in order that和so that表目的，而且从句中要用情态动词can，may等，显然不合题意。
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇4：人教版英语第三册（必修）Unit 12语言点详解（江苏省石庄高级中学06届高三用）(人教版高三英语上册教案教学设计)
1.comparisons
[U] 比较
He showed us a good tyre for comparison. 他给我们一个好轮胎作比较。
comparison of A to/and/with B, comparison between A and B A和B的比较
It is often useful to make a comparison between two things.
将两件事物相比较往往是有益的。
bear/stand comparison with sb./sth. 比得上某人/某物
That’s a good dictionary, but it doesn’t bear comparison with this one.
那是本好字典，但比不上这本。
by/in comparison with sb./sth. 相比之下，比较起来
The tallest buildings in London are small in comparison with those in New York.
Learning through doing means being active in exploring the environment and finding out about things by moving and touching. 在实践中学习意味着积极地探索环境，通过触摸去了解事物。
此句中注意…by doing sth 这个结构，用来表示通过某种方式或手段。本文中出现的还有：
Students who find it easiest to learn a new concept by hearing a teacher explain it are learning through listening.
有一些学生，他们发现学会一个新概念的最简单的方法是听老师解释，这些学生是通过听来学的。
compareA with B A和B的比较
2.People aged 15 and over who are unable or find it very difficult to read.
十五岁及以上不识字或识字有困难的人。
（1）这不是一个句子。句中的people被形容词短语aged 15 and over 和定语从句who are unable or find it very difficult to read 限定。
（2）aged 形容词。
①本句中意为“有…岁的，…年纪的。”
Among the smokers, about 20 percent of them are children aged between 13 and 15 years old.
百分之二十的吸烟者是13至15岁的儿童。
In the morning old people get up early and practice Qigong in groups in parks, and a lot of middle-aged
people dance together.清晨，老年人早起在公园里成群地练气功，中年人在一起跳舞。
② aged 还有“年老的”意思。 “the aged”指“老年人”。
The sick and the aged need our help.这些病人和老年人需要我们的帮助。
The aged woman was wrinkled and bent.这个老妇人满脸皱纹，佝偻着腰。
3.strict adj.严格的 严谨的，严密的
注意:be strict with sb./in sth.
We should maintain strict discipline.我们应当保持严格的纪律。
Her parents are strict with her.她的父母对她要求很严格。
Our teacher is strict in his work.我们的老师对工作非常严谨。
完全的，绝对的 常用短语：strict secrecy 绝密
4.a heavy workload（P.102）
She has a very heavy workload.她的工作量很重。
The machine can't cope with such a heavy load.这台机器承担不了这么中的工作负荷。
load负荷；负担；载重 ；装载量; [喻]负担; 重任, 工作量
The truck was carrying a load of bananas.卡车装了满满一车的香蕉。
a bus-load of schoolchildren满满一公共汽车的学童
a heavy teaching/learning load沉重的教学学习负担
[pl. ]许多, 大量, 一大堆loads of friends/money大批朋友= a load of
vt, vi（常与up, with连用）装，装满，载满
We loaded the truck with bananas. 我们把香蕉装上卡车。=We loaded the bananas into the van/lorry.
I was loaded down with the heavy luggage.这件大行李把我压得挺不起腰来。
Have you had your gun loaded?你的枪上了子弹吗?
Don’t move ! The gun is loaded. load a camera (with film)把胶卷装入照相机
load sb. with praise对某人大加颂扬 bear a load on one 's shoulders挑起重担
cast [lay] the load on [upon]把责任推给... take a load off one’s mind 消除思想负担
5.In 1986,the Chinese government introduced a law stating that by the year 2000 every Chinese child would have nine years of compulsory education. 在1986年，中国政府提出了一项关于在以前每个中国孩子将会接受九年义务教育的法律。
compulsory adj.强迫的， 强制的； 义务的； 必修的
compulsory measures强迫手段 compulsory legislation强制性立法
compulsory subjects必修科目 compulsory service system义务兵役制
Which subjects are compulsory in your school?在你们学校里，哪些课程是必修的？
Education is compulsory for all children in Britain between the age of 5 and 16.
在英国5岁到16岁的儿童都要接受义务教育。
6.Although there were several problems in reaching this target,the outcome was highly successful.
尽管在达成这个目标方面有一些问题，但是结果还是很成功的。
highly 与high 区别; close 与closely 区别
Do you see that butterfly flying high above the street?你是否看见那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飞舞着？
The distinguished guests were highly praised.贵宾们受到了高度赞扬。
引申：Suddenly the door was ______and in came Mr. Wang.
A. open wide B. widely open C. wide opened D. open widely
（答案为C，由前面的suddenly可见，此句强调动作，故用被动语态，而不用形容词，wide与widely都有副词，但是意义不同，他们的区别好象deep/deeply，high/highly，close/closely）
7.It is reported that 99% of school-age in China attended primary school by 2004.
据报道，在2004年以前，中国99％的学龄儿童能进入小学。
It is reported that 据报道。。。
类似的句型还有：it is said/ believed/hoped/announced that …
8.In China,as in other countries,the government realizes that the future welfare of its citizens is closely linked
to education. 如同在其他国家一样，中国政府意识到中国市民的将来福利与教育密切相连。
(1) as in other countries,相当于as it is in other countries, it 指代的是后面提到的情形。
In India, as in China, you can enjoy ancient culture and attractive scenery.
在印度，正如在中国，你可以领略到古老的文化和迷人的风景。
(2) be closely linked to “与…紧密相关的”。由“link sth to(with) sth”而来，意为：“使和…联系起来”。
相当于“be related to”.
Ice and snow are closely linked to the lives of Canadians.冰与雪与加拿大人的生活紧密相关。
Violence is the activity that has been most frequently linked with the consequences of TV.
暴力行为往往与看电视的后果相联系。
9.When the World Education Forum met in 2000,it calculated that here were 113 million children not in
schoool.At the Forum,the member countries of the United Nations Educational,Scientific and Culture
Organisation(UNESCO)made a commitment to provide “complete,free and compulsory primary education of
good quality for all children by ”.They called this goal”Education For All”.These countries are now
trying to get every child into school,and they are experiencing smiliar difficulties to those that China faces.
在20召开的世界教育论坛会上，计算出有一亿一千三百万个孩子未进入学校。在论坛会上，联合教育成员国，科学和文化组织（UNESCO）做了一个承诺，目的是去提供“在之前，为所有孩子提供完全免费的高质量的义务教育”。他们称这个目标为 “全民教育“。现在，这些国家正努力去争取让每一个孩子都入学，而且他们也正经历着类似于中国所面临的困难。
commitment 承诺；责任；承担义务
The general has repeated his commitment to holding elections as soon as possible.
将军重申了尽快进行选举的承诺。
I've taken on too many commitments.我承担的义务太多了。
忠诚，信奉，支持
The company’s success this year would not have been possible without the commitment and dedication of the
staff. 如果没有员工的奉献精神，公司今年的成功是不可能的。
face to face 面对面地
I rushed out of the office and found myself face-to-face with the boss.我冲出办公室,面对面地碰上了老板。
The burglar turned the corner and found himself face to face with a policeman.
那窃贼转过墙角，面对面碰上一个警察。
in the face of 不顾；面对，在…前面
He succeeded in the face of great difficulties. 尽管有巨大的困难，但他成功了。
be faced with 面临
I realized that Hamlet was faced with an entirely different problem.
我意识到Hamlet面临着完全不同的问题。
The state is now faced with the immediate question of raising new taxes. 国家面临紧迫的问题，收新税。
10.To begin with, it is important to creat a positive attitude.In areas where agriculture plays an important
role,people do not attach importance to education,and parents are skeptical of anything that takes children
away from their work on the farm. 首先，创造一个积极的态度是一个重要的开端。在农业为主体的地区，
人们不重视教育，家长们对不让孩子们参加地里劳作的做法很有疑虑。
▲to begin with 首先，第一， 起初
I’m not going. To begin with I haven’t a ticket, and secondly I don’t like the play.
我不去。一来我没票，二来我不喜欢这出戏。
To begin with he had no money, but later he became quite rich. 他起初没钱，可是后来相当富有了。
To begin with, we must consider the faculties of the staff all-sidedly.
首先,我们必须全面地考虑全体员工的素质。
类似词组有：to start with; to tell the truth; to be honest; to be frank; to make things worse
▲attach importance to
Do you attach any importance to what he said? 你认为他说的话重要吗？
关于attach 的其他用法请参看第五单元和第十单元
▲sceptical adj.怀疑论的; 不可知论的；怀疑宗教教条的; 怀疑的
He was skeptical about the announcement by the government.他对政府的通告表示怀疑。
(suspect /suspicious /suspicion)
be [fell] suspicious of [about]对...怀疑
I am suspicious of that woman - I think she may have stolen something from our shop.
.....我怀疑她有可能从我们商店偷了什么东西
I have a suspicion that she is not telling the truth.我怀疑她在说谎。
可疑的, 令人怀疑的suspicious actions可疑的行为
多疑的, 对...起疑心的(of, about) The ignorant are suspicious.无知者多疑。
sceptic 怀疑论者 scepticism 怀疑论，怀疑主义
Unit 11 suspect(P.93)
疑有,察觉
The tiger suspected danger and ran away.老虎意识到危险便逃跑了。
怀疑,不信任
We suspected their honesty. 我们不相信他们是诚实的。
怀疑(某人犯有过错)[+of] [+(that)]
The police suspected Bill of having done it. = The police suspected that Bill did it.
警察怀疑那件事是比尔干的。
复习对比：
The police accused him of murder.= The police charged him with murder.警方指控他谋杀。
The police accused him of stealing. 警方控告他犯有盗窃罪。
猜想;料想 [+(that)]
I suspect they'll come.我想他们会来的。
n.嫌疑犯;可疑分子[C]
11.It has to be explained how the child,the family and the community can be benefit,but it is not easy to change traditional ideas.China and other countries found that even when children from the countryside do start school,they have a tendency to be absent and often drop out later.In some cultures parents are particularly unwilling to send their daughters to school because the custom is to educate boys rather than girls. 尽管关于孩子，家庭和社区怎样才能受益已经做出了解释，但是要改变传统的观念是不容易的。中国和其他国家发现，即使当来自乡下的孩子开始上学的时候，他们经常旷课，然后就有退学的倾向。尤其是在一些地区，由于认为教育是给男孩的而不是为女孩的风气，所以父母总是不情愿送女儿上学。
▲tendency
There is an increasing tendency towards the use of mobile phones by middle school students.
中学生使用手机的趋势在上升。
She showed musical tendencies from an early age.她从小就显示出对音乐的喜爱。
have a tendency to do sth. 做…的倾向
She has a strong tendency to forget things. 她很容易忘记事情。
tend vi ① 有……的习惯或倾向，倾向于 (tend to do sth.)
Janet tends to get（=usually gets）very angry if you disagree with her.
你如果不顺着珍妮，她往往容易大发脾气。
② 通向，朝……方向发展 （tend+副词）
The road tends north .路向北延伸。
③ tend to/towards+名
The sort of music he listens to varies,but tends to pop music.
他所听的音乐形形色色，不过倾向于流行音乐。
▲absent
（1）adj.① 缺席的，不在的（from）；
He is absent from Beijing.他不在北京。
He is absent in Beijing.他外出了，目前在北京。
He is often absent from classes.他经常缺课。
②心不在焉的，漫不经心的，茫然的（置于名词前）
There was an absent expression on his face.他脸上带着茫然若失的表情。
in an absent way 茫然地
（2）vt.（较正式）缺席不到 惯用语 absent oneself from 缺席
He absented himself from the meeting.他没有出席会议。
absent-minded adj.心不在焉的
▲drop out 退学 1 退出，脱离2 退学，辍学
（1）从（活动、竞赛中）退出
Since his defeat he has dropped out of politics.他失败后就不再从事政治活动了。
（2）中途退学、辍学
He dropped out of college after only 2 weeks.他在学院里只上了两周就退学了。
a word that has dropped out of the language 该语言中已经废弃的一个词。
Peter dropped out before completing one circuit/lap of the track.还没跑完一圈就掉队了。
其它词组：drop behind 落后 drop by 顺便访问：停下做短暂访问
drop off 睡着；减少 drop in on sb. at a place 顺便走访
drop into 跌入，落下，不知不觉
▲be willing /unwilling to do （不）愿意。（不）乐意
They keep a list of people (who are) willing to work nights. 他们有一份愿意夜间工作的人的名单。
I’m perfectly willing to discuss the problem.我十分乐意讨论这个问题。
They are unwilling to invest any more money in the project. 他们不愿再为这个项目投资。
She was unable, or unwilling, to give me any further details.她不能，或不愿意，向我提供进一步的细节。
12.China’s large population meant that the school had to expand to take in many more students. 中国人口众多，这就意味着为接受更多学生就必须扩大学校。
▲mean在此句中意为：“意味着…”后面可以跟名词、动名词或从句。
Life to him meant action, rather than thought.对他来说，生活意味着行动，而不是思索。
I won’t wait if it means delaying more than a week.我不会等待，如果这意味着耽搁一个多星期。
In some parts of London, missing a bus means waiting for another hour.
在伦敦的一些地区，错过一辆巴士意味着得再等一个小时。
I’m sorry I hurt you. I didn’t mean to.
His father meant him to be an engineer. 他父亲想让他当工程师。
词组：
Don’t laugh! I mean it (= I am serious).不要笑，我是当真的。
You’re meant to (= you are supposed to) pay before you go in.
I was never meant for the army (= did not have the qualities needed to become a soldier).
我根本就不是块当兵的料。
Philip and Kim were meant for each other (= are very suitable as partners). Philip 和Kim真是天生的一对。
‘Do you mind if I have a look?’ ‘By all means.’借我看一眼行吗？当然可以。
The load was lifted by means of a crane. 重物是用起重机吊起来的。
She is by no means an inexperienced teacher. 她绝不是一个毫无经验的老师。
By no means are these cases exceptional. 这些例子绝不是例外。
We haven’t won yet, not by any means. 我们离成功还远着呢。
▲expand扩大，增大，膨胀，增强，伸展（become greater in size, number or importance）.
Our foreign trade has expanded greatly in recent years.我们的对外贸易近来有极大的发展。
His modest business eventually expanded into a supermarket empire.
他原先不大的生意后来扩展成了超级市场集团企业。
The petals of the flowers expanded in the sunshine.花瓣在阳光下开放。
Water expands when it freezes.水结冰时体积膨胀。
Metal expands when heated. 加热，金属就会膨胀。
The eagle expanded its wings.老鹰展开翅膀。
In ten years the city’s population expanded by 12%.十年之中,该城人口增加了百分之十二。
expand a story into a novel 把故事扩展成小说
详述（故事，论证等）,引申[(+on/upon)]
I don’t quite follow your reasoning. Can you expand (on it)?我不大理解你的论断，你能详细地加以说明吗？
You’ll have to expand your argument if you want to convince me.你如果想使我信服， 就必须详述你的论点。
They have expanded my view on the question.他们已更充分地阐明了我对这个问题的观点。
变得更友善更健谈
He expanded a little when he had had a drink, and started to talk more freely.
他喝了一杯酒，变得更友善，并开始畅谈起来。
expansion n.扩充, 开展, 膨胀, 扩张物, 辽阔, 浩瀚
expansive(ly) adj.扩张(性)的, 膨胀(性)的; 辽[广]阔的, 浩瀚的, 广泛的
▲take in 本句中意为“接受，接纳。”它还可以表示以下等含义：
① 理解，领会，明白
They listened to my lecture, but how much did they take in, I wonder?
他们听了我的讲座，但是我怀疑他们到底听懂了多少。
② 包括，涉及
The article takes in all aspects of the problem.这篇文章包括了这个问题的所有方面。
③ 欺骗，使上当
Don’t trust that fellow, he’ll take you in if he gets the chance.不要相信那个家伙，他一有机会就回会骗你。
④ 将（衣服）收小，改瘦。
I’m getting much thinner, I’ll take in all my clothes.我瘦多了，我得将我所有的衣服都改小。
13.How people are distributed can also affect the education system. 人们如何被分配也能影响教育系统。
distribute...over ...把...配给到[分配到, 散布于]...
distribute sth. to把某物分[配, 发]给...
distribute sth. among把某物分[配, 发]给...
A leader distributed the prizes to/among the winners.一个领导把奖品颁发给优胜者。
He was distributing leaflets to the crowd.他正在向人群散发传单。
The new machine distributes seeds evenly and quickly.这部新机器播种又匀又快。
Our shops are distributed all over the city.我们的商店遍布全城。
This species of butterfly is widely distributed over our country.这种蝴蝶在我国分布很广。
The teacher distributed the pupils into three groups.老师把学生分成三组。
distribution n.分配, 分发, 配给物, 销售, 法院对无遗嘱死亡者财产的分配, 分布状态, 区分
the distribution of wealth财富的分配 the distribution of profits利润的分配
the distribution of insects昆虫分类
14.These has been a shortage of teachers.Countries with a small population have problems too.In the Turks and Caicos Islands,where there are less than 20,000 people,the number of students in some schools is so low that students of several different grades are taught in the same classroom. In China most citizens live in the eastern areas and this results in large class sizes. 已经出现老师短缺问题。人口少的国家也有问题。在特克斯和凯科斯群岛，人口不足两万，有些学校里学生数量很少，以至于不同年级的学生在同一间教室里上课。人们如何被分配也能影响教育系统。在中国，大多数市民住在东部区域，这造成了大班级。
result in （造成，导致）, result from （因……发生，随……产生）
因result in 果 导致 Hard work results in success
果 result from 因 由…导致 Success results from hard work.
job losses resulting from changes in production 生产革新造成的失业。
The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths. 飓风已经造成成千上万的人死亡。
When water levels rise, flooding results.水位上升，就会发洪水。
15.Parts of the remote central and western provinces,however,have few people.Schools in these regions cannot support teachers for the small numbers of students at each level,so teachers have mixed-grade classes.In North and central Australia the population is so spread out that children in some rural settlements can be as far as 1,000 km away from the nearest school. 然而，在遥远的中部和西部省份，人口太少，在这些区域的学校不可能为每个水平上的小数量的学生支援老师。因此，老师只能教混合班级。在澳大利亚的北部和中部，人口是如此的疏散以至于在一些乡下的定居区的孩子去远达1000公里的最近的学校去上学。
Halong Bay in Vietnam is made up of three thousand islands spread out in the clear green waters of the sea.
越南的九龙湾由三千个岛屿构成，这些岛屿散布在蔚蓝清澈的大海中。
spread out 分散 伸展身体，摊开东西
Don’t all sit together, spread yourselves out.别都挤在一块儿，分开坐吧。
There’s more room to spread out in first class. 头等舱宽敞些，伸得开腿。
Do you have to spread yourself out all over the sofa？你就非得躺下，把整个大沙发全占了才行吗？
The searchers spread out to cover the area faster. 搜索人员分散开来，好更快搜索这一地区。
as far as
as far as the eye can / could see 极目所尽
The bleak moorland stretched on all sides as far as the eye could see.
荒凉的旷野向四面伸展开去，一望无际。
As far as we knew, there was no cause for concern. 就我们所知，没什么可担心的。
As far as I can see, you’ve done nothing wrong. 依我看，你没有做错任何事。
She lived in Chicago, as far as I can remember. 据我所记得的，她过去住在Chicago。
as / so far as sb/sth is concerned 就……而言
As far as I am concerned, you can do what you like.就我而言，你想干什么就干什么。
16.The success of a country in bringing education to all also depends on the economy.In many developing countries there is not enough money available to provide classrooms,desks,chairs,books and teachers for all the children.To equip schools some of these governments rely almost completely on aid from other countries,international organizations such as the World Bank and non-governmental organizations such as Save the Children. 一个国家在教育上的成功也全部依赖于经济。在许多发展中国家，不可能有足够的钱来为所有的孩子提供教室、书桌、椅子、书籍和老师。为装备学校，一些政府几乎完全依赖其他国家的援助，国际组织如世界银行和象挽救孩子这样的非政府组织都在为这些国家提供帮助。
rely on/upon sb. /sth. to do sth./ depend on
依赖,指望某人、某事物
I relied on your coming early.我指望你早点来。
信任、依赖某人/某事物
You can rely on me to keep your secret.你尽管相信我一定为你保密。
复习depend on
The price depends on the quality.价格取决于质量。
Today,there are few industries and commercial organizations that do not depend on computers.
如今，几乎所有的工业和商业组织都依赖电脑。
The flooded areas depended on the government for relief.
洪水受灾地区依靠政府的救济。
You may depend on them to arrive early.他们早到是会靠得住的。
Shall we go climbing tomorrow? It all depends on the weather/That depends(It all depends).
明天去登山如何？看天气的状况再说吧。/要视具体情况而定。
17.Other countries receive help with particular programmes:both the World Bank and Save the Children have helped China with schools in less developed provinces.Corporation and private citizens also donate money through the Hope Project.
donate vt.捐赠，赠予 (contribute)
donate blood to a blood bank向血库献血
donate 1, 000 dollars to school给一所学校捐赠1, 000美元
捐献,捐赠[(+to)]
She donated her books to the library.她把自己的书捐赠给图书馆。
14.Even the richest nation in the world faces problems.The USA has found that it is not easy to make sure that every student receives the same quality of teaching.One in three students in the United States lives in the countryside,and providing them with a full curriculum is difficult. 甚至世界上最富有的国家也面临一些问题。美国已发现确定每位学生接受教学的相同质量是不容易的。三分之一的美国学生居住在乡下，给他们提供一个完整的课程是很困难的。
curriculum n.[C] 学校的全部课程
The student is very knowledgeable because he also studies things not in the curriculum.
这个学生知识很丰富,因为在学校课程以外他还学习别的东西。
(一门)课程
The professor is busy preparing his chemistry curriculum plan.这位教授正忙于准备他的化学课程计划。
18.Chian has also adopted distance learning methods such as television lessons,and in ,the Ministry of Education introduced computerised teaching networks in central and western China.中国已采用远程教学方法，像电视机，并且在，教育部采用计算机处理中部和西部的中国教育网络。
In today’s world of computerized working and developing technology, continued education is often essential for people to meet the changing requirements of their profession. 在工作电脑化和科技不断发展的今天，为了满足人们职业的不断变化的需求，继续教育是非常必要的。(p.105)
(1) 此句中应注意几个非谓语动词computerized, continued , developing和changing，在句中作定语, 分别限定其后面的名词。过去分词表被动，现在分词表示正在进行。
(2) computerize “用计算机做某事，使计算机化”。
The accounts section has been completely computerized.会计科已完全计算机化了。
computerize 的后缀- ize或 –ise表示“使…,…化”。
类似结构的词有modernize(现代化), realize(意识到)，apologize(道歉)，popularize(使…受欢迎)等。
(3) 此句中continued为形容词，作定语。 意为：“继续不停的(going without stopping)”。
We have accumulated rich experience for the continued education of government employees and
professionals.我们在组织和实施公务员和专业技术人员继续教育方面积累了相当丰富的经验。
(4) meet/satisfy/ fulfill the requirements “满足…的需求”。
Our latest model should meet your requirements exactly.我们的最新型号包你满意。
In applying for the position of sales manager I offer my qualifications, which believe will meet your
exacting requirements.
为了申请销售经理的职位，附上我的合格证书，我认为会符合你们严格的要求的。
Your essay should cover all the information provided and meet the requirements below:
你的文章应该包含提供的所有信息，并满足以下要求。
(5) profession n.职业，工作（多指具有某种专业知识的工作）
I think Jack should take up some other profession.我认为杰克应该从事其他什么职业。
She intends to make teaching her profession.她打算从事教学这一职业。
by profession 以…为职业，做…工作
I’m a carpenter by profession.我的职业是木匠。
professional adj.职业(性)的, 业务的,从事于专门职业的,以(运动等)为专业的
professional knowledge专业知识
professional men专家(尤指医生、律师等)
19.In these countries, where some people do not even have fresh water or basic health care, reaching the target of “Education for All” will be a huge task, despite help from the international community. 在这些国家里，有些人甚至不能喝到新鲜的水，得到基本的健康护理，要达到普及教育的目标将是一个艰巨的任务，尽管能得到国际社会的支持。
此句中where引导的定语从句限定前面的countries. 本文中出现了较多的where 引导的定语从句。应注意前面的先行词。
① In the Turks and Caicos Islands, where there are less than 20,000 people, the number of students in some
schools is so low that students of several different grades are taught in the same class.
在特克司和凯科斯群岛，人口不足两万，有些学校学生数量很少，以至于几个不同年级的学生在同一
间教室里上课。
② To solve this, Australia uses “distance learning” method, where the students have lessons by two-way radio
and mail.为了解决这个问题，澳大利亚采用了远程教学的方法，学生们可以通过双向广播和邮件传递
来学习。
20. However,balancing the workload of a demanding job alongside a course of study can be difficult…(p.105)
然而想要平衡费心费力的工作负担和课程学习的负担是很难的。
alongside prep.在…旁边，与…一起
The dog ran alongside me all the way.那狗一路上跟在我旁边跑。
We brought our boat alongside their boat.
我们把船靠到他们的船旁边。
除……之外
We have videos,recordings and other learning aids alongside（besides）the books.
除了课本之外，我们还有电视、录音和其他辅助教学设施。
alongside of沿着，并排，一起
The cars were parked alongside of each other.那些车并排停放。
21.Parents are not prepared to send girls to school because they do not believe it will be
of any benefit. 父母亲不愿意把女儿送去上学，因为他们认为这不会带来任何好处。(p.106)
(1) 此句中be prepared to 意为“能够并愿意做某事（be able and willing to do sth）”。
I am prepared to lend you the money if you promise to pay it back.我愿意把钱借给你，你得答应还给我。
I ’m not prepared to stay and listen to these outrageous insults.我可不愿意在这儿受这种奇耻大辱。
（2）be of benefit to
① be of benefit to “对…有好处”。benefit前可用“real, great, much, immense”等形容词修饰。
Doing morning exercises will be of benefit to your health. 做早操对你的健康有利。
② “(be)+of+名词”结构中的名词是抽象名词时,相当于其中名词所对应的形容词的意思,说明被修饰
词具有某种特征或属性。
常用的名词有:use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/service/benefit/necessity等。
I don't want to hear what you are saying. It is of no interest to me. (of no interest=not interesting)
我不想听你说,我对此不感兴趣。
Coal is of great importance to the development of industry. (of great importance=very important)
煤对工业发展是相当重要的。
New Zealand wine is of high quality and is sold all over the world.
新西兰的酒质量很好，并且被销往世界各地。
You'll find this map of great ________in helping you to get round London.
A. price B. cost C. value D. usefulness
22. However, when the facts are examined, it is clear that educating girls leads to
improved health and levels of income. 然而，仔细观察事实可以发现，显然让女孩接受教育，最终可以改善健康状况和提高收入水平。P.106
复习
(1)此句中应注意句型It is clear that …,it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。从句的主语是动名词短语educating girls, improved health and levels of income作lead to 的宾语。
类似的句型有：
It is clear ( obvious, evident, true, possible, certain...) that .....
常译为“清楚（显然，明显，真的，可能，肯定．．．）”，是主语从句最常见的一种结构。
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree. = That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
It was obvious to everyone that the child had been badly treated.大家都清楚那个孩子受过虐待。
(2)lead to sth “导致某种结果( have sth as its results)”。 lead to中的to为介词。
后跟名词或动名词, 上海高考题中，thief与catch 之间是被动关系, 故用了动名词的复合结构的被动形式。
The discovery of new evidence led to _______ .
A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught
It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to rewards。
婴儿学会做事情，因为它的某些行为能有所回报，这个观念为人们所普遍接受。
(3)improved health 其中的“improved” 是过去分词作定语，限定health。
School health programs lead to increased student wellness and improved ability to learn.
学校的健康活动改善了学生的身体状况，并且也提高了学生的学习能力。
He believes that only hard work and perseverance can improve himself in oral English/improve his oral
English.
他相信只有努力和毅力才能提高他的英语口语水平。
Integrating skills，
23. In other aspects you have a lot in common.而在别的方面。你们却有许多相同的地方。
aspect n.样子, 外表, ; 神态; 方面; 情况, 状况; 方位, 方向, 观点
the aspect of the whole area全地区的面貌
consider other aspects of the matter考虑事情的其它方面
from legal aspect从法律的观点
discuss a subject in all aspects
24.Learning style theory suggests that different people have different ways of obtaining information and use various methods to demonstrate their intelligence and ability.
学习风格理论表明不同的人有不同的获得信息的方式，并且用不同的方法表现出他们的智力和能力。
(1) suggest
①本句中suggest表示“暗示、表明”时，后接名词或that从句（从句谓语用陈述语气）。
Are you suggesting that I’m too old for the job?你的意思是说我太老而不能胜任这个工作了？
His failure in the exam suggested that he had not worked hard enough．
他考试没及格表明他学习还不够努力。
②suggest表示“建议、提议”时，后接名词、代词、-ing形式或that从句（从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略）。
I suggest we go shopping together and look for a nice tank．
我建议我们一起去商店买一个精致的鱼缸。
I suggested that you（should）leave early．/I suggested your/you leaving early.我建议你早点动身。
(2) obtain 取得某物，经（买、借、拿等）获得
There are people who gamble or cheat to obtain money.Those people try to get money by dishonest means.
有一些通过欺骗和赌博获得钱的人，他们总想通过不诚实的手段来得到钱。
I obtained this record for you with difficulty.我好不容易为你弄到了这张唱片。
辨析：get, obtain, acquire, gain, win, earn这组动词的一般含义是“得到”。
obtain较正式用词，着重通过巨大努力、要求而得到所需或盼望已久的东西。
The journalist immediately set out to obtain these important facts.
那位新闻记者立即着手获取这些重要的资料。
Ordinary people would then be able to use them to obtain valuable information.
那时平常的人便能运用它们去获取宝贵的信息。
get普通用词，使用广泛，可指以任何方式得到某物，也不一定要经过努力。
I sat in the front of the bus to get a good view of the countryside.
我坐在公共汽车的前部，以得到有利于观赏农村风光的机会。
acquire强调通过不断的、持续的努力而获得某物，也指日积月累地渐渐地获得。书面语用词。
After having been instructed to drive out of town, I began to acquire confidence.
接到把车开出城的指令后，我的信心增长了。
gain侧重指经过努力或有意识行动而取得某种成就或获得某种利益或好处。
During that time, she so gained my aunt's confidence that she was put in charge of the domestic staff.
在这期间，她得到了我姑姑如此的信任，结果被委任为家仆的负责人。
A penny saved is a penny gained.省一文是一文。(谚语)
win主要指通过努力、斗争、比赛等而获得胜利。
It seemed certain that this would win the prize.这一块会得奖，这似乎是肯定的了。
This invariably wins them the love and respect of others.
这种行为常常为他们赢得别人的爱戴和尊敬。
earn侧重指依靠自己的劳动或因付出代价与有功而获得。
His achievements earned him respect and admiration.他的成就为他赢得别人的尊敬和赞美。
Some of them have come home for a few days' hard-earned leave.
他们中的有些人已经回国，度过那得之不易的几天假日。
(3)demonstrate
① demonstrate在本句中指“表明，表示（show）”.
His sudden departure demonstrates that he is unreliable.他的突然离去表明他的不可靠。
② demonstrate 在高二教材中出现时，表示“示威集会或游行 ”。
可构成词组，demonstrate (against/in favor of sb /sth) 示威游行反对或赞成某人或某事。它的名词形
式有demonstrator游行者,示威者，demonstration 示威或游行。
Thousands demonstrated against the price increases.数以千计的人举行示威，抗议物价上涨。
The police arrested more than 100 demonstrators.警察逮捕了100多名示威游行者。
25.Although experts have many ideas and categories of learning, it is evident that people learn in three basic styles: learning through seeing, learning through listening and learning through doing. 尽管专家对学习有很多的想法和分类，但显然，人们通过三种基本的方式来学习：视觉型学习，听觉型学习和动觉型学习。
(1) It is evident that …主语从句。相当于 “It is clear/obvious that …”.
(2) evident 形容词，表示“明显的，清楚的（obvious, clear）”。
He looked at his children with evident pride.他以明显的得意态度望着他的孩子。
The applause made it evident the play was a hit.掌声表明这个戏剧很成功。
evidence n.明显, 显著, 明白, 迹象, 根据, [物]证据, 证物
There is no evidence that he is quilty.没有证据证明他有罪。
for lack of evidence因为缺少证据
on evidence依据证据
evident obvious apparent 意思都含“明显的”。
evident多用于推理及抽象的事, 指“明显的”
obvious 指“容易知道或发现, 无须解释或证明的”,
apparent 含“一目了然的”的意思, 还可指“思想上容易理解的”
It's evident that the plan is impracticable.很明显这计划是不能实现的。
It's obvious that a man isn't strong enough to lift an elephant.很明显, 一个人是不能举起大象的。
It's apparent that you can't be trusted.很显然,你是不可信赖的。
The rope had been cut, so it was evident/obvious that the lamb had been stolen.
绳子是被割断的，因此这只羊羔显然是被偷去的。
注：此句中的obvious 换用evident则更确切。
clear(以及常见的plain)是口语中常用词，其含义为“清楚易懂”。clear 除了“清楚的”，“清晰的”之外，还有许多其他含义。如“流畅的”，“无障碍的”等。
The water of the lake is as clear as glass.湖水清彻如同明镜。
He gave a clear answer to the direct question.他对那个直截了当的问题作了清晰的答复。
plain除了“清楚的”、“浅显的”之外，也有些别的含义。
a plain face一个普通的或不漂亮的面孔
The letter was written in plain English.那封信是用浅显的英语写的。
26.They select a variety of activities to suit their students’ different learning styles.
他们挑选各种各样的活动，以适合学生不同的学习风格。
▲select
She selected a diamond from the collection.她从收藏品中挑选了一颗钻石。
These oranges have been carefully selected.这些橙子是精选的。
He was selected to play for England.他被选中代表英格兰去参赛。
比较：select和choose
choose用途最广，指一般的“选择”，有时特指“抉择”，侧重意志或判断。
I leave it to you to choose between the two methods.
我任你在这两种方法中间作出抉择。
choose和select 有时可以通用，主要不同在于：
①choose 往往是以个人的好恶或对个人是否合适为标准；select 则更强调客观优劣，或为了达到
某一目的的条件上的优劣。
②choose有选定后就要“坚守”或“从事”的含义；select则没有。因此，“选择一生事业/爱人”
等应译作：to choose a career/a husband,etc.
③choose可接不定式表“宁愿；决定”，select不能。
表示选择的其他动词elect, pick, prefer, opt
elect指按照一定的规章或法律，用投票等方式进行的认真慎重的选择。
pick口语用词，多指从个人角度仔细挑选，也含任意挑选之意。
prefer强调个人偏爱，不一定有选择的行动。
表示选择的名词choice, alternative, preference, option, selection, election
choice侧重指自由选择的权利或特权。
alternative指在相互排斥的两者之间作严格的选择，也可指在两者以上中进行选择。
preference侧重因偏见、爱好或判断等而进行选择。
option着重特别给予的选择权利或权力，所选物常常相互排斥。
selection指作广泛的选择，着重选择者的识别力或鉴赏力。
election强调目的和达到目的判断能力。
▲suit
① n.一套衣服（通常包括用相同衣料做的短上衣、裤子和裙子）；（用于某活动的）套装
a dark suit 一套深色衣服 a business suit 一套西装
a three-piece suit 一套三件式套装 a spacesuit 宇航服
a diving suit 潜水服 a swimsuit 游泳衣
②2suit vt.
fit 指衣服的大小，尺寸的合身，吻合，协调
suit 指衣服的样色，颜色，款色的合身，或时间，天气，口味，价格，环境，交通，性格，地位
的适宜，适合。
match和…相配/相称，比得上
The climate doesn’t suit me.
No one matches him in singing.
Will it suit you if I come around at three?
The gold chain matched his watch.
The shirt of yours fits you very well
It doesn’t suit you to have your hair cut short.
The picture matches the story.
suit在课文句中表示“适合，适应（satisfy, meet the needs of, be convenient）”。
He said he knew of a hotel that might suit them.他说他知道一个可能适合他们的旅馆。
Let’s fix a day. Would Saturday night suit you?我们定个日子吧，周六晚方便吗？
suitable:be suitable for/to “适合,合适”。在后面的writing中有一个句子。
What aspects of your study habits are not suitable to your learning style and why.
你的学习习惯的哪些方面是不适合你的学习风格的，为什么。
When we design buildings, we should keep in mind that there should be apartments that are suitable for
disabled persons.当我们设计大楼的时候，我们要记住：应该设计一些适合残疾人居住的公寓。
27.Students who have this learning style take a hands-on approach to education and enjoy doing experiments or surveys.具有这种学习方式的学生通过动手实践的方式来接受教育，他们喜欢做实验，作调查
approach vt./n. 接近，靠近，建议，要求，（待人接物或思考问题的）方法，方式，态度
We heard the sound of an approaching car / a car approaching。我们听见一辆车驶近的声音。
She approached the bank for a loan.她向银行要求贷款。
The school has decided to adopt a different approach to discipline.
学校决定采用另一种方式解决纪律问题。
28.However,restrictions of time,space and resources often make it impossible to provide the best exercise for all learners.然而由于时间、空间和资源上的限制常常使教师无法给所有的学生提供最好的训练。
restriction n.限制，约束
The park is open to the public without restriction.该公园无任何限制对公众开放。
He dislikes their restriction of his freedom of choice. 他讨厌他们对他的自由选择进行限制。
The government placed restrictions on the number of foreign cars that could be imported.
政府限制进口外国轿车。
restrict vt.限制，限定
The sale of alcohol is restricted in Britain.在英国，酒的销量是受限制的。
restrict…to…把…限制在…内
We restrict membership of the club to schoolboys.我们俱乐部的会员仅限于中学生。
He was restricted to (smoking) three cigarettes a day.他受到限制，每天只能抽三根烟。
29.advocate vt.拥护, 支持; 提倡; 主张; 建议; 辩护
advocate+n./doing
I advocate a policy of gradual reform.我拥护逐步改革的政策。
Do you advocate banning cars in the city center?你支持禁止汽车在市中心通行这一主张吗？
n.辩护者; 律师; 拥护者; 倡导者; 鼓吹者; 替人说情者
the Judge A-军法会议的理事(官) an advocate of peace拥护或提倡和平的人
30.Organise a study schedule to include frequent breaks.
schedule n. 计划表，日程安排表
a schedule of postal charges邮资一览表 a sailing schedule航运时刻表
a train schedule火车行车时刻表 a production schedule生产进度[计划]表
What's your schedule for tomorrow ?你明天的日程安排如何?
according to schedule按时间表; 按照原定进度 on schedule按时间表, 准时
ahead of schedule提前
The task will be finished ahead of schedule if nothing prevents.如果没有阻力的话，这个任务就会提前完成。
behind schedule落后于计划或进度; 迟于预定时间
make a study schedule/plan 制定学习计划
篇5：人教版英语第三册（必修）Unit 11语言点详解（江苏省石庄高级中学06届高三用）(人教版高三英语上册教案教学设计)
Language points
第一部分（课文Making the Team Work前面出现的）
1.criterion 复数criteria :标准：一种借以作出判断或决定的标准、准则或测试.
What criteria do you use to judge a good wine?你用什么标准判断酒的好坏？
Our proposal failed to meet the criteria established by the government so they gave us no money.
我们的建议不符合政府确定的标准，因此他们不给我们钱。
In order to apply for this position, applicants MUST meet the following criteria.
要想申请这个职位，申请者必须符合下列标准。
criteria指用于检测、评判质量的标准,不管是否成文 standard表示法定的,权威的度量货质量标准2. Do you stick with your friends through thick and thin? What is the moment for you to pull out of a friendship?
▲stick with和某人在一起，支持某人，和某人保持联系或继续做某事
Stick with me and you’ll be all right.有事来找我，你就没有问题了。
I’ll stick with your decision on this issue . 我支持你在这个问题上的决定。
I hope you’ll stick with this job until next year .我希望你做这项工作做到明年。
If you stick with it, your performance will gradually get better.
如果你坚持不懈的话，你的能力就会渐渐增强的。
be stuck with [俚]被...缠住无法摆脱, 遇到困难无法进行下去
We were stuck with relatives who came to stay unexpectedly. 我们不得不接待不期而至的亲戚们. Will you help me with this mathematical problem I'm stuck with it.
这道数学题你能帮我一下吗? 我怎么也解不出来。 复习：be in/out of contact with，keep track of/lose track of与……保持联系/失去联系
get in touch with/keep in touch with，stay in touch with和……保持联系
contact sb和……联系
make contact with the ship by radio用无线电与船联系
▲through thick and thin 同甘共苦，共同分担艰难困苦 She feels like a fool for sticking with her husband through thick and thin.
她觉得和丈夫一起吃苦受罪太傻了
The couple have gone through thick and thin for many years.这对夫妇同甘共苦了好多年。They stuck together through thick and thin.不管有什么艰难险阻。他们都紧密团结在一起。
▲pull out
（指车辆、船只等）驶出，（火车）驶离车站（反义词组pull in）
The ship pulled out into the middle of the river.那只船划到了河中央。
拉掉，拔掉，使分离
He pulled out a gun.他掏出一枝枪。
使……从……中退出（of）
The project became so expensive that we had to pull out.这个计划耗资太大，我们只好退出。
The general pulled his troops out of the area.将军把他的部队从那个地区撤了出来。
He threatened to pull out of the common market.他威胁要退出共同市场。
out of丧失, 放弃
His family are living a poor life for his father has been out of work for months.
超出…之外 My watch is out of order.
3.Do you prefer doing things on your own or in group?
on one’s own=all on one’s own=alone
She lives on her own.她独自过日子。
He can be left to work on his own.工作可交给他一人做。
Although her father is in the firm she got the job on her own.
尽管他父亲在公司里，但他那份工作却是靠自己得到的。
4. The listening is a summary of research into the ways Chinese students in Auckland spend their leisure time.
Summary:概括的,扼要的
He gave a summary report of the day's events.他对一天的事件作了扼要的报告。
总结,摘要,一览[C] [(+of)]
He made a summary of the case.他为这个案件做了一个摘要。
leisure time(time free from work or other duties)=spare time
They’re seldom at leisure.他们难得清闲。
5. Percentage A small percentage of the workers are unskilled. 少数工人是非熟练工。Beijing's housing price growth was 0.7 percentage points lower than the national average in October.
……低了0.7个百分点。
6.Having the reputation of being honest,responsible and reliable will make otherpeople trust you?
reputationThe products of Hongye Brand have been exported to many countries and areas for several years and have won a good reputation both at home and abroad.
红叶牌产品已经出口到好多国家和地区，在国内外赢得了很好的声誉。Shizhuang Middle School is a one with an excellent reputation.石庄中学是一所享有盛誉的学校。
a good/bad reputation as a doctor医疗信誉好/坏
have a reputation for laziness/for being lazy以懒惰而出名
she had a reputation for generosity 她以慷慨大方博得好评
ruin one’s reputation 毁了声誉win a reputation获得名声
live up to one’s reputation不负盛名
7.Not only will these qualities make you rise in the eyes of others,you will also feel better about yourself.
in the eyes of sb：在某人的心目中，在某人看来
In your father’s eyes you’re still a child.在父亲的眼里你仍是个孩子。
In the eyes of the law,she is guilty.从法律上说，她有罪。
复习：
Keep an eye on the baby.照看一下这个婴儿。
I’ve lost my ring-Could you keep an eye out/keep an eye openfor it when you clean the room?
我的戒子不见了，你打扫房间时留点儿意好吗？
catch sb.'s eye引起(某人)注目 clap eyes on看见；注视 run one's eyes over扫视，浏览 see eye to eye看法完全一致
fix one’s eyes on 盯住
People full of action and ideas are often the ones to bring new energy to the group,while people who are mainly listening and commenting are often the ones to keep an eye on procedures that must be followed.
那些富于实干和思路开阔的人常常是给小组带来新的活力的人，而那些主要是倾听和评论的人则常常是监管工作流程的人。
8.suspect(P.93)
疑有,察觉
The tiger suspected danger and ran away.老虎意识到危险便逃跑了。
怀疑,不信任
We suspected their honesty. 我们不相信他们是诚实的。
怀疑(某人犯有过错)[+of] [+(that)]
The police suspected Bill of having done it. = The police suspected that Bill did it.
警察怀疑那件事是比尔干的。
复习对比：
The police accused him of murder.= The police charged him with murder.警方指控他谋杀。
The police accused him of stealing. 警方控告他犯有盗窃罪。
猜想;料想 [+(that)]
I suspect they'll come.我想他们会来的。
n.嫌疑犯;可疑分子[C]
9.requirement(P.93) 要求，需要
If you have any requirements, ask me.如果你有什么要求，就向我提出来。
But a project team requires very different roles from those of a rugby team.(P.94.)
但是一个项目小组所要求的角色却同橄榄球的角色大不相同。第二部分（课文Making the Team Work中出现的）
10.What if you feel comfortable doing a task by yourself?
假如你觉得一个人干工作还舒服些，那有怎么办呢？
what if常用来引导问句, 表示 “倘若…将怎么样? 即使…又有什么要紧?
What if he doesn’t come?如果他不来，将怎么样呢？
What if they don’t agree with us? 如果他不同意我们的意见，那又怎么样？
11.Especially at school,it sometimes feels as if we are being asked to work in teams for the sake of just that.
特别是在学校，有时我们感觉似乎是为了团队活动而搞团体活动。
for the sake of 由于; 为了…的利益; 看在某人的份上
for one’s/sth’s sake 为了…, 看在…的份上
He bought a house in the country for the sake of his wife’s health.
为了妻子的身体他在乡下买了一栋房子。
For goodness’ sake, will you stop that noise?看在上帝的份上，请你不要吵闹了好吗？
It is entirely for your own sake that I am speaking.完全是为了你我才这样说的。
12.A team is group of individual people brought together in order to accomplish a task that cannot be efficiently or effectively completed by an member of the group alone.团队就是许多人组合起来完成一项组内任何个人都不能高效或有效地完成的工作。
individual
Each individual boy in the class has his own personalities. 这个班上的每一个男孩都有自己的个性。
an individual style of speaking 独特的谈话风格
She wears very individual dresses. 她的衣着非常独特。
accomplish/complete/finish的区别
accomplish后面最常用的名词是task（任务），aim（目的），jounery（旅程），voyage（海程）
The explorers accomplished the voyage in three weeks.探险队在三星期里完成了海程。（到达目的地）
complete比accomplish更具体。后面最常用建筑、工程、书籍等名词作宾语（这些都不能用accomplish）
The building will be completed by the end of this month.这座楼将与月底结束。
finish和complete在许多情况可以通用，但是以下三点要注意：
①finish后面可接动名词族宾语，而complete则不能
He has finished speaking.他的话说完了。
②finish指消极的“完成”，如用完，吃完等；complete则指积极性的完成。因此“吃完饭”只能翻译成：finish a meal。这个区别在下面的句子中非常明显：
I have finished the book我已经读完这本书了。
I have completed the book我已经写完这本书了。
③finish在被动语态中可以有“全完了”，而complete则没有此意义
Now that people are no longer superstitious,fortune-telling as a profession is finished.
现在的人都不迷信了，因此算命这一行就算完了。
13.The group may be temporary or stay together for a long period of time.
这个组合可能是临时的，也可能是长期的。
temporary: not permanent
After over 24 hours of traveling, Team USA has settled into their temporary home in Mianyang City, China. 经过24小时的旅途，美国队在中国绵阳市的临时居所住了下来。
14.In a sports team each player has a clear role,and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain of their roles.在运动队里，每一个队员都有一个明确的任务，队员们对自己的任务搞混了或不明确的情况很少。
uncertain 不确定的，不可预测的
It is uncertain that there's a cure for this illness at present. 现在这种病尚无确实可靠的疗法。
复习sure和certain的联系和区别：（供学生阅读消化）英语中的sure和certain是近义形容词，均有“肯定的；确信的；有把握的”的意思，它们的用法也大体相似，许多情况下可以通用，但它们之间也有一些差别。 相同点两者都能用于“be sure/certain + about /of短语”句型中，表示“对（某事）有把握”。主语必须是人，about/of之后多跟名词、代词。 I am sure/certain of his returning. 我确信他会回来。
He is quite sure/certain of /about it. 他对这事很有把握。 两者都能用于be sure/certain to do sth句型中，表示“一定会做某事”，主语可以是人，也可以是物。 Spring is sure/certain to follow winter. 冬天过后一定是春天。
They are sure/certain to come. 他们一定会来的。
两者都能用于“be sure/certain +从句”句型中，表示“确信……”，主语只能是人，而不能是物。 Tom is sure/certain that I put the key on the table. 汤姆确信我把钥匙放在桌子上了。
We are sure/certain that the book will be of great help to us.我们相信这本书对我们会有很大帮助。 两者都能用于“make sure/certain +从句”结构中，表示“确定；弄清楚”，主语只能是人。 You must make sure/certain when the bus will leave. 你必须弄清汽车何时出发。 He made sure/certain that he had turned off the gas. 他确信他关掉了煤气。不同点
“I ' m sure…”与“I ' m certain…”均可译为“我深信（确）信……”，但两者的含义却不同。前者表示一种主观上的判断或感觉，事实并不一定如此。后者强调的则是客观事实，意为主语已经知道后面的内容是既定的事实。试比较下面一组句子：I'm sure he didn't steal it. He isn’t that kind of person. 我确信他没偷，他不是那种人。
I'm certain he didn't break the cup.I broke it myself.
我敢肯定他没有打碎那个茶杯，（因为）那个茶杯是我打碎的。 如果it作为形式主语代替从句时，则其后的表语用certain，而不能用sure。 It isn ' t certain whether he will give us a report next Monday.
下星期一他是否来为我们作报告还不能确定。 两者在作定语时含义不同：sure意为“可靠的；无误的”；而certain若修饰可数名词，意为“某一；某些；某种；一些”，若修饰抽象名词，表示程度，意为“有点；有些”。 The letter was sent by a sure hand. 信已由一位可靠的人寄出了。
He made a sure answer. 他回答得准确无误。
A certain person called on me yesterday. 昨天有个人来找过我。 在祈使句中常用sure，不宜用certain。
Be sure and remember what I told you. 千万要记住我对你讲的话。
Be sure to write and tell me all the good news. 务必写信告诉我所有的好消息。 口语中，sure常作副词，用在肯定答语中替代surely，这时与of course，certainly意思相当，而certain不可作副词用。
-Would you please turn down the radio a little bit? 请你把收音机音量拧小点，好吗？
-Sure. 当然可以。-Do you still remember our first fishing trip?
-I sure do. 你还记得我们第一次去钓鱼吗？当然记得了。
小结不同点
sure certain
表示判断 主观上的 客观上的
It作形式主语 不可用 可用
作定语的意义 可靠的；无误的 某一；某些；某种；一些
在祈使句中 常用sure 不宜用certain
作副词用 可以 不可
15.Roles of team members are accepted and there are no conflicts expectation and responsibilities attached to each role.他们的职责是经过大家认可的。对每个职责的期望值和责任新大家没有异议。
复习：attach to
attach label to parcel 给包裹贴标签(Unit 5)
attachment附件
① 加入，参加
Pro. Smith was attached to the medical college as a guest professor for two years.
史密斯教授在医学院当了两年的客座教授。
② 加于…之上
No blame attaches to him for the accident. 这个事故他没有受到责备。
We should attach primary importance to the development of economy.
我们要把发展经济的工作放在第一位。
be attached to
认为重要；特别喜爱
Do you attach any importance to what he said?你认为他说的话重要吗？
Mary was attached to her brother. 玛丽很喜爱她的弟弟。
I am very attached to that old picture. 我很喜欢那幅旧画。
③be attached to连在...上；附属于
The hospital is attached to that university.这医院附属于那所大学
16.However,when forming teams to complete tasks at school,we are often hardly aware of this.
然而当要组成团队来完成学校的任务时，我们常常意识不到这一点。
Many governments used ad campaigns to make people aware of social problems and government policies.
许多政府部门也采用广告作宣传，以使人民了解社会问题和政府的政策。（Unit 5 Getting the message）
17.Group work shows us how other people’s roles fit the purpose of the group and it teaches us to be patient and how to respond to different personalities.团队活动向我们表明别人的角色是怎样适应小组目的的，同时还告诉我们要有耐心，并教给我们如何应对不同个性的人。
respond to响应, 作出反应
They eagerly responded to the Party’s call and went to work in the border regions.
他们热情响应党的号召，到边疆工作去了。
They responded at once to the strike.他们对这次罢工立即作出了反应。
复习下列词组：
add up to 合计达
adapt to适应
apply to对……适用
attend to照看，照料
belong to属于
be suited to / for…适合于
cater to 投合，迎合（尤指不良的愿望、需要等）
compare …to…把..比作，把…与…相比
be devoted to 贡献给，致力于
come to 苏醒,复原,共计,达到,归结于,渐渐
contribute to贡献给……，献给……
devote one’s attention to 专心于
devote oneself/one’s life to 献身于，致力于
do /cause damage to 损害
do good to (=do sb. good) 有益于
do harm to (=do sb. harm) 有害于
do wrong to (=do sb. wrong) 冤枉某人
get close to 接近，靠近
get down to 认真对待，静下心来
go back to 追溯至
devote to献身于，专心于
get used to/get accustomed to习惯于
look forward to 盼望，期待
refer to 指，提及，参考，查阅
owe … to…把…归功于，把…归因于
put an end to 结束，终止，废除
stick to 坚持，忠于，粘到…上
see to 照顾，处理，注意
set fire to (= set…on fire) 放火烧毁
turn to 求助于, 变成；着手于
familiar to sb为…所熟悉(familiar with sth.对…熟悉)
come to an agreement 达成协议
come to a conclusion 得出结论
come to a decision 作出决定
come to an end 终止，结束
see to it that…照料，努力使，注意把
come to a stop 结束，停止，停顿，
come to an understanding 取得谅解
18.As with sports teams,group wok can only be successful when group members respect, help and support each other,while the work division is clear and each member performs at the right level in the role that is most suitable to him or her.正如运动队一样，小组活动只有在组员们相互尊重、相互帮助和相互支持的情况下才能取得成功。与此同时，分工明确，而且每个成员都要能在他们最合适的角色上发挥出正常的水平。
division n.分开,分割[U][(+into)]
The compilers agreed upon a division of the textbook into twelve units.
编写者都同意把教科书分成十二个单元。
分配,分派[U] [(+between/among)]
The thieves quarreled about the division of their stolen goods. 这些贼为分偷来的物品而争吵。
除(法)[U]
The boy has learnt to do division.这个小男孩已学会做除法。
Thirty divided by three is a simple division.30除以3是一个非常简单的除法。
as with 就…而言
As with the experienced participants, you will want to use test tasks that are as natural as possible 对于那些有经验的参与者来讲，你希望尽量采用比较自然的测试任务
表至于还可用：
as for
I enjoy going to the movie . but as for the theater, I prefer staying at home.我喜欢看电影，至于看戏，我宁愿呆在家里
as to
As to money , he is different 关于钱，他漠不关心
She was at a loss ( as to) how to explain it 她全然不知该如何说明这件事
19.Teams also need people to identify problems and others to suggest solutions.团队需要有人来判断问题，还需要另外的人来提出解决问题的办法。
20.In small teams,members may combine roles according to their personalities.在小型团队里，有的队员根据其个人品质可能身兼数职。
combine sth(with sth)
combine the work with pleasure将娱乐和工作结合起来
combine business with pleasure寓娱乐与工作之中
They combined their efforts to finish the work.他们结合彼此的力量来完成工作。
combine(against sth.)
The two parties combined against the government.两党联合起来对抗政府。
Hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water.
combination
The United States is a combination of 50 states.
She has/owns the right combination of beauty and talent to become a star.
她拥有成为明星兼备的美貌和才华
21.Some are good at evaluating,while others are good at compromising in conflicts,and keeping peace and harmony in excited discussions.有的人善于评估，而另外一些人则善于在矛盾中作协调工作，在激烈的讨论中保持平静、和谐。
compromise妥协,和解[C] [U] [(+between)]
I hope we shall come to a compromise.我希望我们能达成妥协。
妥协方案,折衷办法;折衷物[C]
The interior decoration of the house is a compromise between Chinese and foreign styles.
这所房子的内部装饰是中西两式的折衷物。22.Rules and regulations help teams function well,but we should always guard against making teams too bureaucratic.规章制度有利于团队功能的发挥，但是我们经常应该防止使团队过于官僚制度化。
guard against 对…提防
A helmet guards your head against/from injuries 头盔可以保护你的头免于受伤害
keep guard 守望，警戒 off one’s guard 不提防的，疏忽的
on one’s guard 看守的，警戒的 stand guard 站岗，放哨
23.Working in a team ,we have to take into account how each individual member works best.
take into account= take account of=take into consideration
复习（Unit 1）I bought the bike on account.我赊账买了这辆自行车。
We could not go on account of the rain.因为下雨我们不能去。
On no account are visitors allowed to feed the animals.
不论什么原因游客都不允许用东西喂动物。
It is a matter of great account.这是一件重要的事情。
We must take local conditions into account.我们必须把当地的条件考虑进去。
We must take account of the interests of the State.我们必须考虑到国家的利益。
No one could account for the disappearance of the money.
谁也说不清楚这些钱丢失的原因。
Smokers account for 20 percent of the whole population in the world.
烟民占世界总人口的20%。
She gave an account of what he saw in China. 他描述了他在中国看到的事情。The suspect couldn't account for his time that night. 嫌疑犯不能说明那天晚上他的时间安排
24.Some work best on tasks alone,while others work best in groups.有的人在单独工作时干得很好，而另外一些人则在群体中干得好。
25.Knowing other people’s shortcoming can help us avoid embarrassing them.
了解别人的短处可以帮助我们不致使别人感到为难。
embarrasse vt.（常用于被动语态）（尤指在交际场合）使窘迫，使尴尬,使不好意思,使局促不安 [(+with/by)]
Are you trying to embarrass me?你是想让我难堪吗？
She was embarrassed when they kept telling her how clever she was.
他们不停地说她聪明，令她感到不好意思。
Arthur seemed embarrassed by the question.亚瑟似乎被这个问题弄得有些窘迫。
使负债;使拮据
A large family embarrassed him.他子女多,这使他经济拮据。
妨碍,阻碍
Wearing the heavy coat embarrassed his movements.穿着厚大衣妨碍了他的行动。
embarrassing adj.令人困惑的，尴尬的
embarrassment n.［U］窘迫；［C］令人窘迫的人或事
He could not hide his embarrassment.他无法掩饰自己的窘迫。
That rude child is an embarrassment to her parents.那粗鲁的孩子让她父母难堪。
第三部分（课文Making the Team Work后出现的）
26.According to the author,some team members work best in tasks alone.Is this statement contradictory or not? (Post-reading)
contradictory adj 矛盾的，对立的
contradictory elements相互矛盾着的因素
contradiction ,n 矛盾
principal contradiction 主要矛盾
in contradiction with 与…矛盾，与…相抵触
His words are in contradiction with his action他的言行矛盾=His words don’t agree with his action.
27.many people believe that life in mordern society is becoming more dangerous,but as a matter of fact violent crimes do not occur as often as newspapers suggest.(language practice)
as a matter of fact=in reality=in fact=actually
violent adj 猛烈的，剧烈的，暴力的，感情，语言等激昂的，激烈的
a violent storm 狂风暴雨
a violent blow 猛烈一击
He gave the man a violent blow 他给予那个人以猛烈一击。
He was violent when he got drunk.他酒喝醉了就要使暴。
meet a violent death死于非命 in a violent temper大发脾气
adv violently n violence
28.As a result of certain news in the media,several senior officials lost face and were forced to resign.
resign(language practice)
放弃，辞去
resign one’s right放弃某人的权利
resign one’s position as a secretary辞去秘书的职务
把…交给Resign sth/sb to/into sth
I resign my son to your care我委托你照顾我儿子
I was resigned to my fate我听天由命
听从，服从Resign oneself to
I resign myself to your guidance我听从你的指导
使听从,使顺从 [(+to)]
He is resigned to his fate. 或 He resigned himself to his fate. 他听天由命
29.Good teams require coach and ambitious people whose goal is to succeed. (language practice)
ambitious adj.有雄心的；雄心勃勃的；渴望
They are ambitious although they are poor.他们虽穷却很有志气。
Everyone is ambitious of success in life. 每个人都渴望在人生中能飞黄腾达。Paul is ambitious to get the position. 保罗渴望能得到这个职务。
30. While pushing the team to greater achievements,the coach must keep an eye on the development of each individual team member as well as on that of the group as a whole. (language practice)
as a whole： all parts or aspects considered; altogether:
on the whole 总的看来：
On the whole, they are a happy marriage. 总的看来，他们是个幸福的结合
31.Everybody will remember how excited the public was when the Chinese national soccer team made it into the 2002 World Cup. (language practice)
rugby 英式橄榄球 football 美式橄榄球 soccer 足球Rugby football虽然被翻译成橄榄球，但它的起源却与橄榄Olive一点关系也没有。Rugby 其实是一个英格兰小镇的名字，小镇上有一间叫Rugby School的公学。 据说，在1823年的时候，该学校举行了一次足球比赛，当时比赛十分的激烈，其中有一个名叫William Webb Ellis的16岁小男孩，因为比分落后，情急之下，他竟然抱起地上的球就向对方的球门跑去，he took the ball in his arms and ran with it. 虽然在当时这个举动disregard the rules of football，违反了足球的规定，但却引起在场观战的观众的强烈兴趣：如果足球赛也可以用手比赛，那么一定会变成一项更好玩的足球运动。就这样在英格兰诞生了橄榄球运动Rugby Football，在英国及英联邦地区，渐渐推广，吸引了全世界各地方爱好运动人口的兴趣，而发展开来。excite
vt.使兴奋，使激动（常用于被动）
The news of her arrival excited the crowd.她到达的消息使人群激动起来。
The children were very excited by the program.孩子们看了节目非常兴奋。
vt.激发某人的情感
The recent discoveries have excited great interest among doctors.
最近的多项发现引起医生们的极大兴趣。
His great success excited his friends’ envy.他的巨大成就引起了他的朋友的羡慕。
exciting adj.（事物）令人兴奋的 比较：excited（人）感到兴奋的
At the news,He was too excited to say a word.听到这个令人兴奋的消息，他激动得说不出话来。
有许多其他词也与excite类似，有两种形容词形式。v.-ing形式的词表示“（事物等）令人……的”，而v.-ed形式的词则表示“（人）感到……的”。列举如下：
interesting（令人感到有趣的）-interested（感到有趣的）
surprising（令人惊奇的）-surprised（感到惊奇的）
boring（令人觉得枯燥的）-bored（感到枯燥的）
puzzling（令人困惑不解的）-puzzled（感到困惑的）
encouraging（令人鼓舞的）-encouraged（感到鼓舞的）
discouraging（令人泄气的）-discouraged（感到泄气的）
inspiring（令人鼓舞的）-inspired（感到激励的）
pleasing（令人高兴的）-pleased（感到高兴的）
worrying（令人焦虑的）-worried（感到焦虑的）
tiring（令人疲惫的）-tired（感到疲惫的）
disappointing（令人失望的）-disappointed（感到失望的）
moving（令人感动的）-moved（受到感动的）
frightening（令人害怕的）-frightened（感到害怕的）
embarrassing（令人难堪的）-embarrassed（感到难堪的）
对比：
The puzzled look on his face suggested that he didn’t know how to deal with the puzzling situation.
他脸上（感到）困惑的表情说明他不知道如何对付这一令人困惑的处境。
32.There are some sections in the newspapers catering to people’s love of sports.（教师教学用书.P.239） cater提供饮食及服务
They’re catering for a party.他们正在为聚会承办食物。
cater for（英）为……提供服务；迎合（满足）……的要求
TV must cater for many different tastes.电视节目必须迎合各种人的口味。
cater to 投合，迎合（尤指不良的愿望、需要等）
She refused to cater to his ridiculous demands.她拒绝迎合他那些荒唐的要求。
第四部分（Integrating skills课文中出现的）
33.However,that was not what she had in mind. 然而，这不是她心里所想的。
mind n.心，精神
mind and body精神与肉体
A sound mind in a sound body健全的精神于健全的肉体
智力，头脑 （亦可 a mind ）
He has a very quick mind 他的头脑反映很快
理性
lose one’s mind 发疯 absence of mind 心不在焉
意见，想法
He always reads others mind 他总能看出别人的心思
So many men , so many minds 各人各想法/人各有志
记忆力，注意力
fix one’s mind on collecting data专注于收集资料
out of sight ,out of mind 眼不见，心不想
词组：
have…in mind在想…，在计划…
She told her boss what she had in mind她告诉她的老板她心中想的
bear/keep sth. in mind/bear /keep in mind that…/with sth. in mind记住
Bear in mind that the price does not include flights. 记住,这价格不包括机票在内.
Please bear these rules in mind 记住这些条文
bring/call…to mind 使想起……
What does the picture bring to your mind？这幅画使你想起什么
come to mind 浮现于心中, make up one’s mind to do/that 下定决心做
keep one’s mind on 一直专注于 have…on mind 把…挂在心上
v 注意，留心
mind sth/that/wh/adv
mind you arrive on time 请务必准时到达 mind what your say 你说话要小心
介意 mind doing sth
Do you mind my standing here 你介意我站在这儿吗
如果…你介意吗，可用以下句型
Do you mind if … Would you mind if
Would you mind my doing… Do/Would you mind doing…
回答可用No, not at all/ certainly not/of course not 或 Certainly/Of course/Sure/I’d prefer it if you didn’t 作答
34.Looking back,she congratulates herself on this decision.现在回顾起来，她庆幸自己做了那个决定。
congratulate vi.祝贺，向……道贺；庆幸，高兴
常用于句型 congratulate sb.／oneself on（doing）sth.中。
We congratulated her on the birth of her daughter.我们祝贺她生了个女儿。
She congratulated herself on having thought of such a good idea.
她为自己能想出这样的好主意而感到高兴。
congratulate的名词是congratulations,注意复数词尾后面的介词搭配仍是on。
Congratulations（to you）on winning the race!
He congratulated himself on having survived the air-crash.他庆幸自己在空难中幸免于死。35.Things went smoothly.一切都还顺利。
smooth
adj.顺利的；光滑的；平坦的
They made things very smooth for me.他们为我排除了困难。
smooth paper 光滑的纸 a smooth road平坦的路
in smooth water 在风平浪静的水面上
vi.使某物光滑、平坦、平静或顺利
smooth down one’s dress 拉平衣服 She smoothed out the table cloth.她把桌布弄平。
smooth away=to get rid of 消除，排除
We will smooth away any difficulties when we reach them.
我们碰到任何困难都能顺利克服。
Money helps to smooth away most problems.金钱有助于消除许多问题。
smooth over使（问题等）缓解
It will be difficult for you to smooth over your bad feelings after so many years.
经过这么多年，你想缓和你们之间的芥蒂是很困难的。
How to smooth away the language difficulties如何突破语言障碍
go的特殊用法
选择题：A：“_____ is your business going?” B：“It _____.”A. What; goes well B. How; goes good C. How; goes well D. What; goes good
36.She made herself independent, and was able to manage her finance.
她已经独立经营了，而且还能很好地管理财务
finance n. 财政;金融;财政学财源;资金;(国家的)财务情况
The country's finances have improved.这个国家财政状况改善了。
vt.供资金给;融资,为...筹措资金
Our project is rarely financed.我们的工程资金不足。
37.Many people tend to listen to their teachers and parents who often have expectations that are hard to live
up to.很多人倾向于听家长或教师的意见，但是他们所期望的往往是学生难以办到的
live up to one’s reputation不负盛名
The WTO can’t live up to its name if it doesn’t include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind.
expectation期待，期望，预料
without much expectation of success 对成功不要抱太大的指望
our team has every expectation of winning我队胜券在握
对成功幸运的期待，指望
contrary to /against expectation(s) 出乎意料（副词）
beyond expectation(s) 出乎意料（副词，形容词）
come up to one’s expectation(s) 符合某人的期待
in expectation of 预计会有……
In expectation of a traffic jam,, I decided to walk 预计会交通堵塞，我决定步行
a young artist with great expectations 有远大前程的青年艺术家
38.Not going to university is not a shame.上不了大学并不是一件丑事。
shame羞耻，羞愧，惭愧
She was full of shame at her bad behavior and hung her head in shame.
她为自己的不良行为感到羞愧，惭愧地低下了头。
to one’s shame 令某人惭愧／羞愧的是……
耻辱，羞辱 （a shame 可耻之人或事 ）
bring shame on sb.／oneself 使某人自己丢脸
Your bad behavior brings shame on the whole school.你的行为使整个学校蒙受耻辱。
He was called a shame to their school 大家称他为学校之耻
遗憾的事，可惜
What a shame（that）it rained on the day of your garden party!多可惜啊，你开游园会那天下雨了！
39.It is not use for everybody to try to pursue the same career.每个人都去从事同一职业，这是毫无用处的。
pursue 追；追捕；追杀；追击
The police are pursuing an escaped prisoner. 警方正在追捕一个在逃的犯人。
追随；跟随； 注意; 缠；纠缠
Illness pursued him till his death, which made us all bitterly painful.
疾病一直纠缠着他,直到他去世,这使我们大家痛苦极了。
追求；寻求；不断努力以取得
to pursue pleasure/truth寻乐 /追求真理
40.People whose learning style is to try,experiment and find their way through hands-on experience,often find
that school life does not accommodate their learning style.
有些人的学习方式是尝试、实验或是通过实践经验来找办法，这些人常常发现学校生活不适应他们的
学习方式。
accommodate提供住宿
He will accommodate me with the use of his house, while he is abroad.
他在国外期间将把他的住宅供我使用。
容纳
One flat can accommodate a family of five.一套单元房可容纳一个五口之家。
使配合;适应新的情况
Wherever he goes, he readily accommodates to new circumstances.
不管到哪儿,他都能迅速适应新环境。
复习：
Others think that we learn language in the same way we learn other things,such as walking or solving problems,and that what we are born with is a general ability to learn and adapt,not a language-specific part of the brain.还有人认为我们学习语言正如我们学习其他技能，例如走路、学习解决问题等，我们天生具有学习和适应的能力，而不是大脑中有学习语言的专门区域。
Our eyes slowly adapted to the dark.
41.How you feel about the fact that she decline her parents’ offer?……婉拒……
decline vi 变小，变弱，衰退，衰落
Her influence declined after she lost the election.她落选后影响力降低了。
a decline birthrate逐渐下降的出生率
Do you think standards of morality have declined in recent years?你认为近年来道德标准下降了吗？
婉拒;谢绝[+to-v]
She declined their invitation.她婉拒了他们的邀请。
She declined to have lunch with her friend, saying that she wasn't feeling well.
她说她身体不舒服,婉拒了与她的朋友共进午餐。
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