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散文阅读：靠什么

时间：2022-11-16 07:41:44 其他范文收藏本文下载本文

散文阅读：靠什么（共8篇）由网友“章鱼小狗丸子猪”投稿提供，下面是小编整理过的散文阅读：靠什么，希望能帮助到大家!

散文阅读：靠什么

篇1：散文阅读：靠什么

散文阅读：靠什么

我来到这个世上，靠什么？

靠天地父母生养。天不下雨会干旱，没有粮食和水，我就会饿死。没有土地耕种，我心里就不踏实。我的衣食住行上要对得起天，下要对得起地，中间对得住父母。我的生命是父母之爱的造化，没有生命就没有其他一切——除了衣食住行，还有精神享乐。我不能自理的时候，就靠父母喂养，靠天地恩赐。到了父母不能自理的时候，我就要反哺父母，让父母过一个幸福安乐的晚年。如果不看天的脸色，横冲直冲，就可能遭雷劈电打，使我消失于这个世界。如果不珍惜每一寸土壤，我就会遭受地震、沙漠、洪水的侵袭，处于动荡之中。我做人，就要做正直的人，顶天立地，孝敬父母，对天地敬畏，对父母顺从，因为没有天地父母，我的生命无从谈起，我生存的意义也无从谈起。依靠，就是相互支撑，而不是孤立无援。只想得到不愿付出的人，永远找不到人生的真谛。我感恩天地，感恩父母，愿带着感恩的心，热爱蓝天白云，热爱青山绿水，热爱生养我的祖国和父老乡亲！

靠兄弟姐妹关爱。我来到了人世间，就遇见了好多兄弟姐妹。我的情感从父母怀里开始，从咿呀学语开始。年长者是我的兄姐，年少者是我的弟妹。有吃没吃，大家在一起吃，分享的味道总是比一个人独享丰富。你看着我，我望着她，她想着他，血脉相通、骨肉相连的一家人，不管走到哪里，都有家的温馨。一碗饭、一盘菜，一双筷子夹出了万千风情。我的手艺好就勤快点，你喜欢的东西多吃点，

请不要介意，吃来吃去都是自家人，谁饿了都一样心疼。哥哥姐姐苦在前，送弟妹读书，不辞辛劳，挑担送米交学费，督促弟妹发狠读书，这就是兄姐的功劳。弟妹出息了，理应回报兄姐，即使条件不算好，也不必与兄姐计较。我的衣食住行越来越好，越来越方便，更应该感谢兄姐对我的关。我应理解和尊重兄姐，让兄姐感到弟妹不仅有出息，而且重情义。手足之情哪里寻？珍惜身边所有的人，互相支持和关爱，无需重金买卖。

靠老师同学帮助。三人行，必有我师。我从小到大，上幼儿园、读小学、升初中，高考之后大学深造，踏入社会实践，更需要勤学好问。不管是学校里的老师同学，还是单位里的领导同事，以及各种场所的`培训、会议上结识的同仁，都值得我尊重和学习。是他们利用各种机会潜移默化了我，叫我如何认字、写字、计数、分析、总结、提高，每一天每一个角落，都有他们的欢声笑语陪伴我。因为有他们在我身边，再多的问题也很快解决了，再多的困难也努力克服了。从不懂到似懂非懂，再到稍微懂一点，我的头脑里留下了很多熟悉的面孔。年华流逝，流失的是岁月，增厚的是情谊。我虽然不能始终依靠你们——老师同学，但人生的每一个阶段都留下了你们的痕迹，或教课，或解题、或牵手校园，或同桌学习，或聆听讲座，或交流经验，一点一滴都是美好的回忆，珍藏在我的心里。感谢敬爱的老师，感谢亲爱的同学，有你们真好！

靠周围环境感化。我生活在世界上，离不开自然环境的滋养，也离不开社会环境的熏陶。我喜欢蔚蓝的天空，喜欢洁白的云朵，喜欢碧绿的海洋，喜欢宽阔的田野，在没有污染的天空下生活是一种美的享受。清新的空气，悦耳的鸟叫，还有猫狗的欢跳，虫儿的爬行，鸡鸭鹅的追逐……生态平衡的环境是人居的最佳环境，一片和睦安宁的景象，就在眼前而不是在睡梦中。当然，一个人始终是个体，只有融入大集体中，才能算过上真正的社会生活。庞大的、复杂的各行各业，需要每一个小我的投入，不仅仅是为了生存，更要为整个行业、整个社会着想。哪一个分支出问题，都可能牵一毛而动全身。我不想再听到或看到老人跌倒无人扶的场面，更不希望有媒体报道“杀医闹医事件”。好的环境才能培养更多的好人。一个只追求物欲——金钱上亿万、有房有车有靠山的人，不是一个真正纯粹的人，只是一个令人讨厌的“守财奴”而已。我需要好的环境来感化我，但我也可以尽己所能感化他人，因为我也是这个环境中的一份子。

靠自己身心健康。我来到世上是要做事的，而不是寄生在别人身上的。要做事就要有一个好身体和好心态。需要体力的时候毫不犹豫地付出体力，需要脑力的时候激情澎湃地开动脑筋。同时，做事的最终目的不是为了我一个人，而是为了大多数人的幸福和安康。只有大家好，才是真的好。如果我身体不好，住在医院就要耗费金钱和时间，还要牵动家人及其他人员为我服务，我想做的事寸步难行。如果没有好心态，我做事的时候就怕吃亏，就会半途而废、徘徊观望、懊悔不已，就会影响周围人的情绪和工作效率。没有好身体和好心态，我就会依赖他人，就会抱怨他人，就会无事生非，制造矛盾，出现越来越多的烦恼，办不好一件事情。有了好身体，我就能积极参与各种有益活动，就能胜任组织或他人交给我的工作。劳动可以出汗，出汗等于“汗蒸”，有利于排毒、促进身体健康。帮助他人收获快乐，快乐是促进身心健康的法宝。遇到难题可以想办法，思想活跃了，能延缓衰老，延年益寿。我有了好心态，就能积极应对各种现实挑战，不管是家庭里的，还是单位里的问题或矛盾，都能主动化解，提高做人处事的能力，最终实现人人健康。

其实，“ 靠什么”不是问题，关键是我如何发挥主观能动性，达到思想畅通、身体力行、从善从正、热爱生活、爱惜生命、开拓创新、完善人格的独立。

篇2：好汉靠自立阅读答案

好汉靠自立阅读答案

可是，有一次妈妈出差（chà chāi），大家突然发现他的书包里塞着四五块脏（zàng zāng)手帕，问他是怎么回事，小强说：“等我妈妈回来再洗。”新书发下来了，大家都自己包书皮，小强不会包，只好求女同学。同学们批评他自己不动手，是“伸手”派时，他还大言不惭地说：“大丈夫不拘小节。”

要说这些是小毛病，那还有严重的呢。一次，小强考武术班没被录取，他（竟竞）然要爸爸去找武术教练说情，因为武术教练和他爸爸是老同学。你看，自己没本事，靠人“开后门”，这算什么英雄好汉？

一切靠别人照顾，就像笼（lóng lǒng）子里的鸟一样，这不算好汉。滴自己的汗，动自己的手，自己的事自己做，这大概是成为好汉的首要条件吧。

1.小强认为“好汉”应该是怎样的.？

A.滴自己的汗，动自己的手，自己的事自己做。

B.舞枪弄棍，打打闹闹。

正确答案：B

2.选择正确的汉字组词。

（）然

A.竞

B.竟

正确答案：B

3.给画线字选择正确的读音。

笼子

A.lǒng

B.lóng

正确答案：B

4.给画线字选择正确的读音。

脏手帕

A.zāng

B.zàng

正确答案：A

5.给画线字选择正确的读音。

出差

A.chāi

B.chà

正确答案：A

6.为了说明小强不是真正的“好汉”，短文写了哪三件事？（多选）

A.走在马路上，他会晃动着书包和同学们闹着玩，口里自称是岳飞大战金兀术。

B.自己的书皮不会包。

C.用木棍捅弟弟，说是杨七郎枪挑小梁王。

D.自己的脏手帕不会洗。

E.考试没录取，要走后门。

正确答案：B D E

篇3：拯救阅读还靠亚马逊

拯救阅读还靠亚马逊

4月23日是世界图书日,阅读自然又是热门话题.在网络和数字时代,用于阅读的.媒介五花八门,除了传统的纸质图书,还有电脑、手机、阅读器和其他电子媒介.如今,各类电子器具都以与图书联姻为荣,厂商争先恐后在产品上增加电子书阅读功能.

作者：练小川作者单位：刊名：出版参考英文刊名：INFORMATION ON PUBLICATION 年，卷(期)： “”(12) 分类号：关键词：

篇4：靠学习改变命运的散文

金牛辞旧岁，寅虎迎春归。时间不待人，又是一年来。

这一年我们又将有近千名学生必须离开学校，步入社会，谋求新的角色，人生的又一个十字路口摆在我们08届学生的面前。但是许多中的我们即使是忧虑重重，但还是不思前路;或者总是幻想着有一个馅饼从天而降，学校能给自己找一份诱人的工作;或者依赖着父母微薄的人脉能够为自己撑伞把舵……。如此种种，这都是不切实际的白日梦。

现代社会是不公平的，因为僧多粥少，每一个诱人的岗位都有无数个人会去激烈竞争。然而现代社会又是十分公平的，每一个岗位都需要有智慧和技术专长的人，谁的能力强智慧多谁就先找到工作;谁能为企业主开发新产品，谁的年薪就高;谁的技术精，谁的工资就高。一个企业当中有人年薪超过100万，也有人不到1万。如店口盾安控股集团老总工资是100万，中层有50万、20万、10万，而一般小工人却不到1万。这收入的差距完全不是客观的原因，而是企业依据岗位和个人对企业的贡献而定，从某种意义上说，是个人的能力、智慧和技术决定了企业给他的工资高低。

人的能力、智慧和技术是老师替代了父母包办不了，唯有靠自己不懈地去学习才能习得，唯有学习才能改变自己的命运，唯有学习才能有更多的工作机会降临到自己的头上。我们学校已经有连续二名代课教师考上了公务员，一名是会计教师，去年通过考试分配到劳动局工作，前年是一名语文代课教师也是通过公务员考试考进乡镇。这二位老师原来代课年薪只有1万多，现在一下升到10多万。他们在这里代课也有四五年了，但她们在一边工作的同时一边不忘自己的学习。同样地，我们也有许多毕业生正是通过不懈地学习成为企业的巨人。如20XX届经贸外语毕业生蔡玲玲，当时被学校分配到杭州一家外商超市工作。她一边认真工作，一边为自己的职业提升继续学习，在岗位上积极训练口语，同时每天夜班回来学习到12时。机会总是留给善于学习的人，在第三年，在一家意大利杭州分公司招聘中，她以流利的口语和丰富的求业思想被优先录取。同时又通过不停地学习成为该公司的经理。

对我们来说，走出了学校并非意味着学习角色的结束，在工作岗位上我们学习的任务更重，需要向师傅学习，向前辈学习，向书本学习，向网络学习；学习知识，学习技术，学习做人的道理。更何况现代知识的折旧率相当快，新的知识过1-2年就要过时，而上个世纪70-80年代，新知识可以用。学习是一种习惯，是一种获取信息获取知识获取技术的能力，这种习惯要求我们在学校中养成，这一种能力需要我们在学校中培养。所以现在的.你上课没有教科书，课外从来未曾读过一本杂志，只知道上课与老师对抗，课间与同学打架，课余吃喝玩乐，那么你就业面试时，会说不出一句让单位领导认可又体现一个中专生水平的话，你凭什么去找工作？工作中又没有一定的技术专长，你又凭什么去获得可观的收入？头脑不会思考双手不会劳动的人，企业是不需要的，社会所淘汰的。

同学们，虽然在学校的时间不多了，但为时不晚，不管你的学习基础如何，不管你以前的成绩有多差，只要你现在起步，从零开始，养成静心看书学习的习惯，一切都还来不得及。从书中猎取智慧，获取知识，获取技术，水滴石穿，铁杵磨针，没有什么事能难倒我们。

今天，我们是学习的主人；明天，命运掌握在我们自己手里！老师靠不得，父母靠不住，唯有学习才能主宰自己的命运！

篇5：散文阅读

精选散文阅读五篇

有感于空白

在我觉着，没什么预备与准备有所想与所安排的事可做，可能就属于时间的空白段。至于不想做，好像也该属于此范畴，总之是自己想给自己身心放假了！

其实，空白没什么不好。至少可以想起什么，便是什么，随意的想象添加与描绘，没有什么可以纠结。所谓的因素与元素，统统可以置之不理，只要这一刻感觉愉悦自在！

难得的空白，那些眷恋我的文字与感言，也会知趣的躲开或出去玩耍。思绪停在最简单的意识里，触摸着具体与现实的感知！

幸运可笑的是，在相对的感觉里，俺还是没忘记为空白叫好！

很久了，每天所触及的，总会有写作与酝酿的冲动，我便认为，大脑亦是被思想占据的。只有今天，是觉着解放了，空旷了，而且此时现刻持续着这种状况！

有感于空白，是在这种情形的差使下，便滋生了眼下这些不成文的文字。空白是一种闲散与舒适，此时完全没有写作的愿望，只有这些实际的理由，愿意充当空白懒惰的说客！瞧瞧……不知不觉的俺又中了文字与思想的圈套！世上真的没有绝对的事情，任何一种感觉，都有其表达的方式！空白也是如此！

生命只是一团泥

一座深山上有个小庙，庙里住着一个老和尚和一个小徒弟。

这天，来了一个达官贵人，为小庙捐了很多财物。他在庙里住了一段时间，得到了老和尚和小徒弟的热情接待。他告辞后不久，又来了一个书生。

这书生衣衫褴褛，面黄肌瘦，饿得晕倒在庙门外。老和尚见了，叫小徒弟将他扶进庙里，同样吩咐端上最好的茶，准备最好的斋饭。

徒弟心里嘀咕起来——上次那位达官贵人，为庙里捐了那么多的财物，自然有资格喝最好的茶，吃最好的斋饭；如今，一个不知哪儿来的“叫花子”，师父还如此厚待他，难道师父是老糊涂了？

书生住在庙里的那段时间，小徒弟没给他好脸色看，有时候趁着师父不注意，就端出已经馊掉的斋饭，还不给他吃饱。

书生告辞后，老和尚用泥巴塑了一个菩萨，放在庙堂正中，对小徒说是庙里新近请的菩萨。

小徒弟每天都很认真地给菩萨上香，对着菩萨叩头，虔诚地念经。

一个月后，老和尚又将那泥菩萨削琢成一只猴子放在庙堂当中。小徒弟发觉菩萨变成了一只猴子，吓了一跳，几天都没去上香。老和尚问：“怎么不去上香了？”“师父，那菩萨变成一只猴子了。”小徒弟回答。

老和尚拿过那猴子，再次削琢，一尊菩萨又栩栩如生地出现在小徒弟的面前。小徒弟愣愣地望着师父，不知道是什么意思。

老和尚用棍子在小徒弟的头上敲了一下，慢慢念经，不再理他。

这一敲打，使小徒弟顿悟过来。他说：“师父，我明白了。其实每个人的生命就像这团泥，都是一样的，只是塑造了不同的表象而已。心性却是一样的，而我之所以对前面的达官贵人谦恭对后面书生无礼，都是因为被其表象所迷惑啊。”

老和尚笑了：“其实，认识那平平淡淡却奇妙得可以捏塑出无尽形象的觉性奥秘生命之泥，才是人生最大的意义所在。”

保持一颗宁静心

宁静是一种感觉，一种人生觉悟之余的获得。

漫漫人生，人生淡淡。在某个生命的路口，某个夕阳西下的黄昏，回望来时路，不等垂暮之年，不等来生可触的悬崖。此时，你想到了什么？童年的无邪、孩提的天真，青春的懵懂、年少的轻狂……那些芬芳印迹繁华旧日，仿佛被时间的碎片凑成了一幕光鲜华丽的电影，在脑海里飞快地穿梭放映，不过那只是一幕剧而已，一幕由你当主角属于你的纪实剧本翻版。忽然一声清脆的汽笛响起，把你从剧中拉回到现实，那回忆却成了看不见摸不着的东西，恍然一梦，剩下只是一声叹息或莫名地笑罢了。

宁静是一种心态，一种生活历练之后的坦然。

经历是一种宝贵财富，一种不可或缺的生活教科书。苦乐悲喜，成败得失，经历过才更懂得。失去与收获并存，苦难与欢乐交错，短暂的挫折失意又算得了什么，不经历风雨怎能见彩虹。这样想着，你该坦然，你该庆幸，因为你已经有过这种经历，相比一直生活顺畅的人，你已经少了些人生路上的绊脚石。因此你该微笑，笑着说这一路风光独好。

宁静是一种态度，一种浮华社会之外的淡定。

每个人都有向往的远方，每个人都有拼搏的方向。有些人追求物质的享受，有些人追逐官场的威风；有些人钟爱利益的呼风唤雨，有些人偏爱隐者的飘然若仙。凡此种种千姿百态人生相，你我都未能置身于外。在你追我赶讲究速度的时代，某些人成功地抵达了远方，得到了他所愿望的东西，却丢失了最初的单纯。一切所得到头来只是过眼烟云，只有我们在其中经历时品尝的滋味，我们开不开心才应该注重，而不因只看结果。拥有一颗平常心，荣辱不惊坐看世事变幻，得意时淡然，失败时坦然，这样才有更多的快乐追随。

宁静是一种气质，一种不染尘埃的淡雅。当岁月洗去了铅华，时光带走了记忆，风霜侵袭了容颜，似水流年缓缓流淌。曾经的执着慢慢地淡之又淡，最后趋于平静，也许偶尔会泛起一丝丝涟漪，却再无先前的盲目，更多地从容不迫。

宁静是一种懂得，一种知足，一种来自心灵的感恩。保持一颗宁静的心，犹如荷的清香兰的幽雅，不管世俗何等嘈杂纷乱，孤芳自赏怡然自得，也别有一番风味。

平凡像别人

特立独行是极容易引起别人关注的，只是这些又是极容易骗人的。你会难以分辨特殊与普通、平凡与个性，掩人耳目的劳碌，辛苦的让人感知不到自己的存在。

很多人以为，与众不同的生活是高尚的；可我以为这些或许并非只是存在的话题。因为，简单到生存的时候，任何人都是孤独而无措的；反倒是简单到生存的时候，没有人能控制自己的莫名忧虑。

我知道不会有人摆脱自身孤独内心的缠绕，拉罗斯福哥认为每个人都生活在自己的内心，这样算来，每个人都是那么特别，那么与众不同。即便你用心引领一场诡异的青春，也抵不住提前夭折的时光如梭后苍白一瞥。

该强调眼神不好，还是思维不善呢？我喜欢看路上的行人，匆匆形色，却是那么实实在在的生活着。可能我们该喜欢上这样的表象，然后加入早起晨练的队伍，加入傍晚下班的队伍。看夕阳，看日出。

朋友说，这或许是一个切到现实的事情，面对这样一个世界，你总免不了俗，也总要活着，总要坚持的融入然后忘我。可我不便认同。就像生活的瑕疵在大部分人心里放大以后一样，你无法释放自我。弗洛伊德对人格结构分析时提出了本我、自我、超我，本我中的一切是完全无意识的，而自我却是制约监督本我的，但自我中还可能有仍处于无意识状态的东西。

无意识的东西是近乎可怕的，本我中一切无意识的看起来会很自然，但谁会冒险呢？可即使如此，谁也不曾否认我们自身欲望的好与坏。如同众多人心中的幸福，否认只能是绝对而蛮不讲理的。你在担心自己的同时，往往是对自身周围世界的恐惧。我们总是标榜自身的特殊性，连吃饭喝水都是要考究一番，反倒做点正经学问是万万不能搞独创的。

今天穿了怎样的衣服和鞋子，戴了帽子吗，走起路来要不要快或慢，步子该大还是小。当然，这必须是要和别人存异的，这样才不能落了套。

有些人总是聪明的让人感到寒冷，那些心照不宣的温暖变得微弱，甚至没有温暖。我们总是不能安静的接受生活，亦不能左右经历属于自己的合适生活，拥有的遇见的多了，空白也越多。

平凡像别人，不是逆来顺受。而是真诚的融入，积极的去生活。有更多的东西我们无奈错过，无私才能无畏，因为特别也是平凡的。平凡像别人，不是模仿，而是如别人在自己眼中的存在一样，坦然经过。

你或许没有把微笑留下，可你会留下一个身影，完全属于你的。平凡是一种大境界，无需赘述。当每一个人都沉浸在任性、叛逆、执拗、特立独行之中，这世界不再是平和的，这让人感到疑惑。

是该换个角度生活的时候了。不用相信什么能逼迫我们就范，那是荒谬，只有脆弱的人才会善变，也只有善变的才会妥协。平凡是大智慧和强控制力的体现，保持安静的状态，不是与众不同，更不是伪装异样。

让一切归于真切吧，即使是春天也未能让我的思维显的多余，却是担心或许是多余的。归于真切，归于平凡是心寻找安逸的方式。这样的安逸不是颓废，是对生活的原始态度，没有疲于奔命，没有歇斯底里。

平凡像别人，没有刻意的做作，没有伪装。别人的`平凡，是悄然经过带走的一阵微风，最值得称道；别人的平凡，是张开嘴就有一脸的微笑，喜怒坦然。

平凡像别人，找得到自己，安的了舒心。不要疲倦的高尚，只有平凡的雅致。

平凡像别人，不必想太多，更不必难过太多。

细雨飘飞，路漫漫

已经连续几天的阴雨天气了，以前每每遇到这样的天气都感觉心情特压抑，无法从天空的阴暗中走出来，无法让自己快乐轻松的生活。而今，孤雁独飞，走出那家庭的困扰，感觉面对的是崭新的天空，不在为两人的无法沟通和怄气而受天气的影响，让原本快乐的我失去了那份自由。那份快乐……

今早一个人漫步在山路上，望眼过去那崎岖不平的路，如人生的每一步，都充满了挑战和韵味。人生就是一条崎岖不平的路，只要你勇敢的迈出了关键的一步，那么你的人生也许从此点亮了通往象-牙塔的灯。能够照亮你的每一步，不会在阴暗中摸索前行。远处传来＜大悲咒＞的音乐声，我喜欢那种境界，如果人都可以放下那种自私、那种你争我夺的情况、人与人之间可以多份理解和关心，这个世界就不会象今天这样现实，现实的有点血淋淋的感觉，那么赤-裸裸的，无利而不往，多么惨淡的人生境地。我适应不了，也不想去适应，人与人之间很多时候不是那么赤-裸裸的关系，有友情、亲情和爱情……

面对山路上来往的人们，我问自己，每个人都在追求什么呢？自己活过了人生的三十五年，又懂得了什么？人生的追求是什么？每天的忙碌中理解了什么？那么多问号在心中不自禁的产生了，人生路漫漫，我将上下求素，不是追求那种无谓的、变质的人生，而是想用自己的努力去开创属于自己的人生……

细雨飘飞，路漫漫，一个人这样走着，尽管多年的伤痕让我感觉到疲惫，但是坚强的我会依然昂头走下去，在这绵绵细雨中，我顿然清醒，人生的追求很多，能够有一个属于自己的人生目标，那么就要勇敢的走下去，不管前面是否荆棘丛生，只要坚持，会是天空一片晴朗……

篇6：阅读散文

阅读散文

阅读的过程就是吸收消化的过程，来不得半点囫囵吞枣。

阅读是一个人自己的事，比起看电影，听演讲，自在了许多，我们有足够的时间去品味，去咀嚼。近日，我去听一个讲座，一位年轻的教授与我讲，现在是快餐时代，无论汲取物质的营养，抑或精神层面的营养，都是讲求速度的，你倘若在那里慢慢品味，思索，甚至回味就会落伍，就会误事。看来，时代阅对阅读时代也提出了挑战。

是的，阅读一旦与人生粘合，加快阅读速度的铃声就会不绝于耳。小区里有一户人家，爷爷到了知天命之年，属于老眼昏花的那种，还雄心勃勃晋正高职称，只争朝夕的'阅读。儿子儿媳从事教育行业，为了深造，拿到更高的学历，自学不辍，在规定的时间内要拼命读完一定的资料。那一天他在社区门诊打点滴，还在孜孜不倦的阅读，治病不忘读书的精神让人感动。孙子上小学，不时会看到孩子背着重重的书包放学，却很少见到出来玩耍。

这个时代就是这样的。你走进书店，那些铺天盖地的辅导读物、励志读物、理财读物，无不在唤醒人们如何速成，何以快捷地取得成功。物质主义时代的阅读大约就是为了获取物质的。阅读步入这个时代，就直截了当地和物质利益挂起钩了，你不苦读，快读，你就难以进入高等学府，你就难以立足谋生。你不去豁着命阅读，就进不了高级职称，不但戴不上乌纱，看着人家拿到比你多的钞票，心里还纠结，阅读越来越被功利所同化了。人们在通过快速阅读获得物质的同时，却有意无意的淡漠、甚至忘记了另一种更为重要的阅读：陶冶情操，滋养心灵的阅读。

曾经：清风朗月，一卷在手，心与书默默的交融，两耳无闻窗外事，身心皆在阅读中。夜深人静，与文字心语，心情随着读物之中人物的命运起伏，喜怒哀乐，无法自已。让你或漫步于古时的悠远，或置身于当今的喧嚣。让你与金榜题名者一起欢悦，让你于名落孙山者一起遗憾。忘我的阅读，会使你更加的珍惜生命，倍加的珍爱生活。这样的阅读，总会在心灵之春播下爱与善的种子，使你懂得何谓缘分，何谓真诚，何谓丑陋，何为壮观。阅读会给予读者力量和智慧，让读者的人生倍加淡泊与优雅。

阅读状态也是一种生活状态。无论何时，阅读全然不是单纯为了获得物质的一种行为。就像到超市买一袋面粉，进去就拿，拿到就走，而冷落了琳琅满目的商品，甚至忽视了急需购买的商品。有一种教育叫熏陶，有一种成长叫积淀，有一种阅读叫品位。世界如此广阔，生活如此多彩，值得我们细细翻阅，一个劲儿地囫囵吞枣，走马观花，岂不是亵渎了一程风景的旖旎！十年树木，百年树人，心灵的成长更需要耐心。

一个物欲日趋膨胀的时代，更加离不开时代的精神去掌控的。那些真诚，善良，友爱，怜悯等关乎精神境界的章节，因为久远，因为厚重，要有足够的耐心，需要毕生去书写，去阅读的。

无论时代的步伐何以匆匆，阅读该是永葆从容的态势的。在阅读中收获回味，保存记忆，延展鲜活，这大约才是阅读的本真。

篇7：以知识争先，靠阅读取胜

Strive for success in English learning by grasping the reading skills

on the basis of background knowledge

Chongqing Yucai (No. 20) Middle School Chen Qingyong

Step I. Warming up

1. Greetings with the students.

Today I feel it a great pleasure of mine to stand here and discuss how to strive for success in English learning with you. I know you are good at learning English. There are so many students here hoping to get something useful for your study. Everyone wants to be successful , especially in the English learning. But how can we succeed? We must try our best to grasp the reading skills on the basis of background knowledge.

2. What are you doing these days and what’s your experience of learning English well?

It is almost three years since most of us began to learn English. I’m sure that you have found out your own way of leaning it. The most important English exam is coming. Are you ready for it? Can you tell me what you are doing with it and what your experience of learning English is? When we are talking about English learning, we mean listening, speaking, reading and writing. Among these skills, reading is the most important thing we must do every day. You can keep reading at least one passage each day. It’s very helpful for your English study.

(Get some students to tell us something about their own English study. Guide the students to tell us something about English reading.)

Step II. The importance of reading English.

It’s very important for us Chinese students to know some basic knowledge of English through learning English grammar such as the language points in each unit. But reading is even more important. It’s an important way of learning a foreign language. So far, we have learned a lot about English basic knowledge. But can you remember all the language points given by your teachers and learned by yourselves? Maybe yes, maybe no. But if you keep on reading more and more by your heart, you will find it’s yes to remember at least most of them. Because while you are reading, you are sure to put all the language points into practice. It’s really helpful for us to get more new information and you will be able to talk with the foreigners from the English speaking countries, so that you can know more about the world. In the examination, we usually meet with Closet (20ponits), Missing words (20 points) and Reading Comprehension (30 points) , altogether 70 points, which stand for almost the half of the exam paper. In the listening test, there are still two passages for to listen which accounts for 18 points. As we know, they still have something to do with your reading comprehension. Nowadays, you are being tested how much and how well you can read. If you can do well in reading, you will feel it easier to strive for success in the English learning, and the English exam as well.

Step III. Requirements for the students’ Reading Comprehension.

When you are reading, you are required to:

1. Grasp the main idea of the reading and the corresponding facts and details.

2. Understand both the specific details and the abstract concepts.

3. Understand not only the meaning of the words and expressions, but also the deep meaning including the writer’s purpose and feeling.

4. Reason and judge by understanding the whole passage as well as each paragraph, even each sentence.

5. Guess the meaning of new words and expressions according to the context, the background knowledge and your experience

Step IV. Have a discussion about how to do well in the reading comprehension.

We have done many reading comprehensions. What do you usually do with them?

(Guide the students to follow the rules below.)

Step V. Rules for reading

While you are doing reading comprehension, don’t fail to remember the following rules:

① Keep the questions on your mind, mark where necessary.（针对性原则）

Before you read a passage, you should look through the questions first of all. Keep the questions in your mind. Make sure what you are wanted to find, and then read it. It’s important to mark where you find it useful and necessary, so that you can find the answers to the questions quickly and easily.

②Get better understanding of the whole passage, not some certain parts of it. (整体性阅读原则)

Sometimes you cannot find out the main idea of the passage in the first several sentences or paragraphs. But don’t worry about it, just go on with it until you finish reading the whole. Then you can get the right information to the questions.

③ Try to find out the key (most important ) sentences. (把握主题句原则)

Usually, there is a key sentence in each paragraph, that’s the most important one. Sometimes it lies at the beginning, it also can go to the end of the paragraph. It is one of the most important ways to improve your reading skill. If you are able to find out thekey sentences, you will get a better understanding of the whole passage.

④ Guess the meaning of the new words in a right way. （词义猜测的原则）

It’s very common that you will meet with some new words and expressions while reading. But don’t be afraid of them, try to guess the meaning of them according to the context, the background knowledge and with the help of word building. Especially, you must pay attention to the words which have quite different meanings. Such as “fire”. It has two meanings. AS we know, we can’t learn all the Chinese words, but we still can read the story in Chinese.

⑤ Try to read fast on the basis of well understanding. (在理解的前提下，快速阅读的原则)

It’s right to try to read fast. But if you can’t understand what you are reading, It’s no use to read fast. The most important thing about reading fast is to remember the most important information. When you are reading you’d better use your eyes instead of your hands. It’s good for you to read at a right speed you think possible.

Step VI. Discuss while doing comprehension, what kinds of questions they often meet and what they usually do with them.

What kinds of questions you often meet with while you are reading. And what do you usually do with them?

There are 6 kinds of questions the students often meet. They are questions about the main idea, the details, the messages and the numbers. They are also questions about reasoning and guessing the meaning of the words and expressions.

Step VII. Reading skills for different kinds of questions.

How can we do well in the reading? What should we do with each kind of the questions?

1. Questions about the main idea. （主旨大意题）

When you meet with this kind of question, you should find out the main idea of a paragraph or the whole passage. We can do with it in different ways. You can find out the main idea at the beginning or you can go to the end of a paragraph or a passage and find it. Make sure what the writer most likely to tell you., trying to find out the corresponding facts and details.

【Model 1】(’ Anhui)

Most people have flown a kite or have seen one ride and dip (下降) in a strong spring wind . Not so many people know that kites were first made in China thousands of years ago. The ancient（古代） Chinese were making and flying kites even before they were writing.

A long time ago, the Chinese made kites to use in wars（战争）. They would fly these war kites in the dark.. The kites were fixed(固定) so that they made strange sounds. Men who were at war with them would hear these sounds and run away. They thought those strange sounds were made by gods (神) in the sky.

The ancient Chinese also flew kites to bring good luck and to make their crops grow rich and tall. Sometimes they tied long strings （细绳）and hooks (钩子) to their kites. Then they would fly the kites over water, letting the hooks hang down to catch fish.

The Chinese use sticks, strings and paper for their kites. Some of these kites look like animals or trees. Others look like birds or houses.

1.The main idea of the first paragraph(段落) is that .

A. kites were first made in China

B. most of us have flown or seen a kite

C. the ancient Chinese were making kites before they were writing

D. the ancient Chinese were good at making kites

2.What is the best title （标题）of the passage?

A. Lucky Kites B. Strange Kites C. Beautiful Kites D. Chinese Kites

This passage tells us something about Chinese kites. It answered when kites started, how useful the kites were in the old times, how they were made and what they were like.

No.1. There are three sentences in the first paragraph. The first sentence tells that kites are not strange to us. The second tells that kites were first made in China. The third tells that kites were made by Chinese even before they could write. So we can find out the main idea of the first paragraph is “A. Kites were first made in China.”

No.2 After reading the whole passage, it’s easy to find “D Chinese Kites” the best title of the passage. A B C can’t show all that the writer has written.

【Exercise 1】

Everyone needs friends. We all like to feel close to someone. It is nice to have a friend to talk. laugh, and do things with. Surely, there are times when we need to be alone. We don’t always want people around. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend.

No two people are just the same. Sometimes friends don’t get along well. That doesn’t mean that they no longer like each other. Most of the time they will make up and go on being friends.

Sometimes friends move away. Then we feel very sad. We miss them very much. But we can call them and write to them. It could be that we would even see them again. And we can make new friends. It is surprising to know them.

The first paragraph(段)tells us .

A. none need friends B. we always need friends around us

C. making friends is the need in people’s life D. we need to be alone

Here are three paragraphs. It’s no need for you to read all the three paragraphs. You can only read through the first one, because the question is only about the first paragraph. It tells that everyone needs friends. “A. none need friends” is wrong. Sometimes we need to be alone, so “B. we always need friends around us.” is not right. But we would feel lonely if we never had a friend. “D. we need to be alone” is wrong, too. “C. making friends is the need in people’s life.”

2. Questions about details（细节理解题）.

To tell the readers the main idea, the writer certainly will give us a lot of facts and examples., so that it becomes an essay. For a narration(记叙文), it’s very important to find 5 w’s and 1 h. They are “what, who, when, where, why and how”.

【Model 2】(’ Nangjing )

I have always been interested in making things. When I was a child, I enjoyed painting(绘画), but I also liked making things out of clay(粘土). I won a prize (奖) for one of my paintings when I was fourteen. That may be why I went to art school four years later. But I studied painting at first, not pottery(制陶). I like being a potter because I like to work with my hands and feel the clay. I’m happy working by myself and being near my home. I don’t like mass-produced things, for they are made by machines and are all the same. I think crafts (手工艺) are very important and craftspeople make things cleverly with hands. They make our lives colorful. When I left school, I got some money. I hope to become a full-time craftswoman. This workplace is small. But I wish to move to a larger one next year.

1. From the passage we are sure that the writer is a .

A. student B. teacher C. man D. woman

2. The writer got into art school because of .

A. liking to make things B. enjoying working nearby

C. a prize won when young D. a wish to be a potter

No. 1 The passage tells that the writer has left school, so the writer can’t be a student. It tells that the writer likes being a potter, it doesn’t tell us the writer will be a teacher. Here is a sentence “I hope to become a full-time craftswoman”. We know the writer isn’t a man but a woman. D is right.

No. 2 Why did the writer go to art school. In the passage the writer has already told us “I won a prize (奖) for one of my paintings when I was fourteen. That may be why I went to art school four years later.” That’s why she chose to go to art school. C is right.

【Exercise 2】

In a history class, the teacher asked Sam some questions, but he couldn’t answer any of them. Then the teacher decided to ask him a few very easy ones.

“What is California（加利福尼亚）?” she asked.

Sam thought for a moment and answered, “A city.”

“No, a state（州）,” the teacher became a little angry and said. But she tried not to show it. “Who was the first president（总统）of the U.S.A?” she asked again.

Sam thought for a long time, but said nothing. The teacher got very angry and said in a loud voice, “George Washington!” (the name of the first president of America) Sam then walked to his seat.

“Come back!” the teacher said. “I didn’t tell you to go.”

“Oh, I’m sorry,” Sam said. “I thought you had called the next student.”

The history teacher got very angry because__________.

A. Sam gave a wrong answer to her second question

B. the question was too hard to answer

C. the student didn’t know the answer to the first question

D. Sam couldn’t answer her second easy question

This story happened between a history teacher and a student Sam. The teacher asked two questions for Sam to answer. One is “What is California?”, the other is “Who was the first president of the USA?” Sam answered the first question, but the answer was wrong, the teacher got only a little angry, not very angry. So “C. the student didn’t know the answer to the first question” is wrong. The teacher decided to ask Sam another easy question. But “Sam thought for a long time, but said nothing.” “A. Sam gave a wrong answer to her second question” is not right. The two questions are both easy, so “B. the question was too hard to answer.” is wrong. “D. Sam couldn’t answer her second easy question” is right.

3. Questions about reasoning and judgement. （推理判断题）

Usually we can’t find out the answer in the reading in a straight way. We must make conclusion according to the facts and information in the passage. We can’t make a conclusion with our own experience, or we will make a mistake in doing so.

【Model 3】

A man would be away for some time. He said to his son, “ If anyone asks for me, tell him that your father has been out for doing something, and will be back in a week, then be sure to ask him to sit down for a cup of tea.” But he was still afraid that his foolish son might forget his words, so he wrote them down on a piece of paper and gave it to his son. The boy put it into his pocket and read it every day.

Four days passed , but no one came. The boy thought the paper would be no more use for him, so he burnt it. The next afternoon, however , a visitor came to see his father and asked, “Where is your father?” The boy quickly looked for the paper in his pockets. He couldn`t find it. He suddenly remembered he had burnt it and said, “No more.” “No more? When did it happen?” “Burnt last night.” was the boy`s answer.

A man came to visit the boy’s father on .

A. the second day B. the third day

C. the fourth day D. the fifth day

This is a very funny story. It tells us that how foolish the boy is. But how can we get the right answer. The writer has told us that “Four days has passed, but nobody came to visit the boy’s father. The next afternoon, a visitor came.” When did the visitor came? We must know “The next afternoon” is the next afternoon after 4days, that is on the fifth day. D is right.

【Model 4】

There are usually three school terms in Britain: autumn, spring and summer terms.

The schools usually have a five-day holiday halfway in each term. Sometimes the schools take their pupils on trips at half-term. Holidays can be different in different places .The schools usually have ten days at Christmas, ten days at Easter and six weeks in summer from the end of July to the beginning of September.

Students can eat lunch in the school dining-room. In recent years more and more students have brought their own lunch packed lunch). They don’t like eating in the dining-room. All pupils enjoy talking about how bad school food is.

The students don’t like having lunch in the school dining-room recently because______.

A. they are on holidays B. the food is not delicious

C. they are too busy D. the teachers don’t like it

The passage doesn’t tell us why in a straight way. In the last paragraph, there is a sentence “In recent years more and more students have brought their own lunch packed lunch. They don’t like eating in the dining-room. All pupils enjoy talking about how bad school food is.” From this passage, we can infer that the students don’t like to have lunch in the school dinning room recently because the food is not delicious. D is right.

For example, if you don’t want your friends to visit you when you are busy. Will you say to your friend “ You can go away, because I’m really very busy?” No, you won’t, instead you can remind your friend by keeping looking at your watch. Your friend maybe know it’s time for them to leave now. Do you know why you keep looking at your watch?

【Exercise 3】

Nobody likes staying at home on a holiday - especially (特别地) if the weather is fine. Last August we decided to spend the day in the country. The only problem was that millions of other people had the same idea. We moved out of the city slowly behind a long line of cars, but at last we came to a quiet country road and, after some time, stopped at a farm near the town. We had carried enough food with us and we got it out of the car. Now everything was ready so we sat down near a path (小路) at the foot of a hill. It was very quiet in the grass until we heard bells ringing at the top of the hill. What we saw made us pick up our things and run back to the car as quickly as we could. There were about two hundred sheep coming towards us along the paths!

1. From the passage we know the writer .

A. likes staying at home on a holiday B. likes spending a holiday in the open air

C. likes watching sheep D. likes playing with friends

2. We can infer (推断) from the passage that .

A. the weather was very fine that day B. the traffic was very busy

C. they found a quiet place D. all of the above

No. 1 The writer decided to spend the day---- the holiday in the country, certainly in the open air.

No. 2 The first two sentences tell us the weather was very fine that day. “We moved out of the city slowly behind a long line of cars… ” What does it mean? It means that there was a lot of traffic, that is “the traffic was very busy”. “…at last we came to a quiet country road ….. It was very quiet in the grass… ” “C. they found a quiet place.” is right. A. B. C are all right, so we choose “D. all of the above”

4. Questions about numbers. （数字计算题）

It’s not hard to do this kind of problems well. The most important is that you must be sure of having grasped the right specific information.

【Model 5】(to see 【Model 2】)

When finishing art school studies, the writer was about_______.

A. 14 B. 16 C. 18 D. 21

In the reading, the writer says that “I won a prize (奖) for one of my paintings when I was fourteen and went to art school four years later.” That means when the writer was 18 years old, he went to the art school. When he finished the art school studies, he should be older than 18. So we choose “D. 21 ”

【Exercise 4】

If three adults and six students want to watch the match , the tickets will cost RMB __ yuan. A. 165 B. 225 C. 135 D. 195

We can find the price : RMB 25 yuan (for adults) RMB 15 yuan (for students). It’s easy to find out the answer “A. 165” is right.

5. Questions about guessing the meaning. （词义推断题）

Some words seem not to be new, but the meanings in the passage are changed. Some words are really new, but we can guess the meanings according to the context, the background knowledge and word building.

【Model 6】(1999’ Zhengjiang)

Jack is name of a game that is quite popular with children. To play jacks, you will need small metal objects (物体) called jacks.

The rules (规则) for this game are quite easy. To begin, you put the ten jacks on the floor or ground in front of you. Toss the ball high (but not too high), pick up one jack and them catch the ball. Keep the jack in your hand and them go on to pick up the other jacks one at a time. You lose your turn if you do not catch the ball, you do not pick up a jack, or you drop any of the jacks from your hand.

When you finish all the ten jacks, you now try to do the same thing again but with two jacks at one time. This is more difficult of course. You lose your turn if you make any of the other three mistakes or if you do not pick up two jacks each time.

The underlined (划线的) word “Toss” means .

A. drop B. catch C. throw D. pick

First of all, we must guess the meaning of “jack”. Is jack a boy as we already know. No, it’s not. It’s a metal object called a jack. This passage has told us something about how to play jacks. You are wanted to guess the meaning of a new word “toss”. From the reading “Toss the ball… and then catch the ball.” We know that toss is a kind of action putting things up in the air. So “C. throw” is the right answer.

6. Questions about the information and diagrams.（图表信息题）

There are many such kinds of exercises. Some are the signs of a shop or a public place. Some are the time tables for trains, planes and buses. There are also some advertisements, parts of newspapers and maps. When you meet with this kind of readings, you should look through the questions first of all, then try to find and choose the right answers.

【Model 7】

1. If someone has a China Daily of March 3, 2000, he will get a small present ______in the shopping center.

A. from China Daily B. every day C. on March 3, 2000 D. on March 8, 2000

2. If a British editor has worked in China for 3 years and come to English News Paper office to ask for the job in April, he will ______.

A. be a good editor B. be not useful C. get a job D. not get the job

3. Where and when will the football match be?

A. In Shenhua Stadium on February 8 B. In Guo’an on February 8

C. In Hongkou Stadium on February 3 D. In Hongkou Stadium on Sunday

4. Which of the following is not true?

A. The shopping center is at No. 6 Xidan Road

B. The match is between Beijing Team and Guo’an Team.

C. The telephone number of English News Paper is 3890666.

D. Xu Genbao is a coach.

All in all, it’s not easy to improve our reading skills in a short time, it needs patience and persistence (practicing and practicing ). Hard work, nonstop practice, the correct and efficient ways are the keys to strive for success in English learning, esp, in reading comprehension. There are no express way, no secret.

Practice makes perfect, Keep practicing reading English as much as possible, and you will be successful. That’s what I am looking forward to! Thank you for joining us!

【Exercise 5】

The mirror image（像） of yourself is very much like you. For example, you can see the real shape（形状） of your nose in a mirror. You can see the color of your eyes and the color of your hair. Still, the image is not the same as you. It is a copy, not the real thing.

When you move your face away from the mirror, the image disappears. But you do not disappear. You are still in the room. It is easy to make a mirror image disappear. You need only to remove（移动） the mirror. Or you can take the thing away from the mirror.

A mirror image can often be helpful. You maybe look in a mirror when you comb（梳） your hair. The image helps you to comb your hair. Every car has a rear vision mirror（后视镜）. The driver looks into the mirror. He sees an image of the traffic behind him.

An image is a likeness（相似物）. A drawing in a book can be looked as an image. It is like the real thing. How is a mirror image like a copy which comes off a printing press(印刷品)? How is it different?

What does the word “disappear” mean in this passage?

A. 出现 B. 消失 C. 变化 D. 形成

In the second paragraph, there are three “disappear”. If you can’t guess the meaning right, you will not get the right information that the writer wants to tell you. But can we guess the meaning of this word? We know this passage is about the mirror image. We can guess the meaning with the help of our life experience. Also we can guess the meaning form the context. From the sentences “When you move your face away from the mirror, the image disappears. But you do not disappear. You are still in the room. It is easy to make a mirror image disappear. You need only to remove（移动） the mirror. Or you can take the thing away from the mirror.” We know the meaning of the word should be “B. 消失”