英语阅读推荐:you should watch Coco((共8篇))由网友“一点砂糖”投稿提供,以下是小编整理了英语阅读推荐:you should watch Coco,希望你喜欢,也可以帮助到您,欢迎分享!
篇1:考研英语阅读材料
Insect Brain System Knows What You Want
昆虫大脑知你所需?
The goal for a lot of tech companies today: figure out what you, their customer, want next, before you even ask. It’s driven by something called similarity search.
今天,有许多科技公司在追求这样的目标:弄清楚你,他们的消费者,接下来想要的,甚至这一切发生在你提出要求之前。这种目标背后的驱动力被称作类似搜索。
“If you go to Y*Tube and you watch a video they’re going to suggest similar videos to the one you’re watching. That’s similarity search. If you go to Amazon and look for similar products to the one you’re going to buy, that’s similarity search.”
“如果你上Y*Tube看一个视频的话,接下来它们会推荐你更多类似视频。这就是类似搜索。如果你上亚马逊找一样你要买的类似产品,那么这种情况就是类似搜索。”
Saket Navlakha, a computer scientist at the Salk Institute. He says we do similarity searches too, for example, when we scan faces in a crowd for the one we know. And even fruit files do a version, related to smell:
萨克生物研究学院电脑科学家,Saket Navlakha说,我们也做类似搜索,例如说,你可以在人群中,扫描这些人的脸面找到你所认识的那个人。甚至是水果也有一个版本,它与气味相关:
“So the fly is having to solve a similar problem, of kind of searching through its database of previous experiences and previous odors it has smelled, to determine what should be the most appropriate behavioral response to that odor.”
“因此,蝇子就面临着解开一个类似的难题,类似这样的搜索,即通过自身先前的经历和已经闻过的气味来决定什么应该是对那种气味的最符合的行为反应。”
But flies tag incoming odors differently from the way modern search algorithms parse similarity. A small group of neurons makes an initial evaluation of the smell. Then a much larger set of neurons is activated to make a final decision about the smell. Rather than the way a computer similarity search does it, taking something with many dimensions, and simplifying it down to a few.
但是,蝇子对闻过的气味做出的标记非同于现代研究算法解析类似的方式。一小组神经造成了这种气味的最初评判。然后,有更多数量的神经被激活,最终对这种气味做出判定。而并非像电脑类似搜索的做法,将一些东西分成诸多维度,再精简到几个。
So Navlakha and his colleagues tweaked computer similarity search functions to do it fly style. And then pitted the fly-inspired algorithms against conventional ones. And the biologically inspired code won out, better at telling ’like’ from ’unlike’ on an image-similarity test.
因此,Navlakha和他的同事们按照蝇子的方式对电脑搜索功能进行了轻微调整。然后针对传统的方式,对受蝇子启发的算法进行标点处理。在一场类似相片的辨别 ‘相似’与‘非相似’的测试中,这种受生物启发的编码方式胜出且表现更好。
“You know evolution figured it out, it figured out a very elegant solution to this very important problem.” The report is in the journal Science.
刊登在《科学杂志》上的文章这样写道:“进化使它把东西分辨清楚,它对这个重要的难题指明了一条优雅的解决途径。”
Navlakha says he and his team are looking to partner with tech companies now, in hopes of endowing machines with the time-tested problem-solving abilities of the brain. Even if it’s a fruit fly brain.
Navlakha称他和他的团队现在正在与多家科技公司寻求合作,希望他们能提供一些具有大脑所具备的测试时间及解决难题能力的仪器。即使是这样一个果蝇的大脑也可以。
篇2:考研英语阅读材料
China’s Singles’ Day tops US$1.5bil in first three minutes
中国“双十一”成交额三分钟破15亿美元
It’s a shopping spree of epic proportions and all it took was three minutes for the numbers on this screen to reach 10 billion yuan.
这是一场史无前例的购物狂欢,只用了三分钟,屏幕上的成交额就达到了100亿元人民币。
That’s the equivalent of more than 1.5 billion dollars and it’s just the beginning forsales and Alibaba’s Singles Day, an annual online discount sales gala that’sbecome the world’s biggest spender-thon.
总计相当于15多亿美元。而这只是消费的开始。天猫“双十一”购物狂欢节是阿里巴巴集团一年一度的线上促销盛典,现已成为全世界最为盛大的买手节。
Once a celebration for China’s Lonely Hearts, Singles day has become a 24-hourextravaganza that outsells Black Friday and Cyber Monday US sales combined.
“双十一”曾被中国单身青年叫做“光棍节”,如今这场历时24小时的火爆网购,其成交记录已经超过美国“黑色星期五”和“网络星期一”两大促销日的销售额总和。
The event has shoppers around China scouting for bargains while delivery men and robots brace foran estimated 1.5 billion parcels expected over the next few days.
活动激动人心,吸引全中国的顾客搜罗特价商品,快递员和快递机器人预期要在未来几天派送 15亿件包裹。
Alibaba says the rise in China’s middle class consumers is driving the sales and theoverall total is likely to top last year’s, something analysts and investors will be watching closely in the coming hours.
阿里巴巴表示,中国逐渐扩大的中产阶级消费群体正在拉动销售,总销售额可能达到历年之最,分析人士和投资者也将会在接下来的时间继续密切关注。
篇3:英语自主性阅读初探
英语自主性阅读初探
吕爱春
一、阅读理解的含义
长期以来,受语法翻译法的影响和直接法的机械训练,阅读活动成了一个辨认文字符号、对词句进行语法分析和字面释义的过程。有些教师认为,英语阅读教学只不过是扩大学生的同汇量,向学生介绍语法项目的手段,把阅读的重点放在词汇辨认和语法分析上。学生一旦遇到生词就停下来查词典、找释义,阅读过程断断续续,往往读了后面忘了前面,理不清文章的内在逻辑关系,不能从整体上理解文童;学生为应付考试盲目做题,不注意拓宽知识面,不能融会其它课程所学内容以及普通常识去预测、判断及推理;学生过分注重语法分析和字面释义,阅读速度偏慢,不去领会作者的意图和文章的基调,弄不清弦外之音。
的确,阅读教学是中学英语教学的重要手段之一,但阅读教学的目的不仅仅在于知识的传授,学生为学习英语而阅读,也为发展智力、陶冶情操而阅读;学生为认识客观事物、丰富知识储备而阅读,也为娱乐而阅读;学生为获得信息而阅读,也为提高鉴赏能力而阅读,“中学英语教学的目的……侧重培养阅读能力,为进一步学习和运用英语切实打好基矗”阅读的目的在于理解和运用,阅读教学的重点在于能力的培养。“阅读过程的心理语言模式(如古德曼,1967)认为,读者不断地、积极地试图再现作者的信息,进行一番内心的对话,在这一过程中形成假设,作出预料,提出质疑,继而澄清不确之处,将新的信息融于旧的之中,将旧的信息按新的作出修正,等等。”有效的阅读活动是培养个性、发展智力的活动,阅读是一个综合运用语言知识的过程,是一个充满了积极思维活动的过程,也是一种创造性实践。英语阅读中,学生不是单纯地接受书面语言信号,而要把这种信号与自己的知识、经验及设想结合起来,追踪作者的思路,与之产生共鸣,积极运用自己已经掌握的知识去解释新信息和生疏的内容,预测意义,作出推理判断,以达到吸收并消化新知识的目的,同时也要推敲辨析,剔除谬误,补充不足,激发而产生一种新见解,新问题。实质上,阅读是读者与作者双方参与的言语交际活动。生成语言学和认知心理学认为,阅读是思维和语言相互作用的过程,阅读理解水平在很大程度上反映了一个人的语言能力和思维能力。要提高阅读理解能力。就必须在发展学生语言能力的同时加强学生思维能力的培养。
二、思维品质培养的模式
思维活动是一种极为复杂的心理现象。思维在语言的产生、发展和使用中起决定作用,同时也在这个过程中固定下来,语言是思维的工具。同其它许多客观事物一样,思维也有许多自身的特性,如问题性、间接性、概括性、人类性、能动性等。英语阅读教学中,要根据中学生的年龄特征和思维特性,自觉地培养其良好的思维品质,即广阔性、深刻性、独立性、逻辑性和持久性,我们的模式是:
(一)以“本”为本,挖掘思维源泉
有人认为,目前的高中英语课文内容长,篇目少,生词集中,复现率低,语法密集,练习单调,不适宜进行阅读理解教学。我们以为目前的教材确实有上述弱点,但其课文大部分选自英语国家的教材和其它出版物,有的是原著,有的是改写本,有的是其它语言著作的英译文。它们都是经过适当删改、精心加工的,其题材和体裁广泛多样,语言纯正,富有思想性,趣味性和启发性。只要应用得当,不失为传授语言知识,进行听,说、读、写等各项能力综合训练的好材料。
通过课文教学,能够培养学生综合运用英语的能力,提高学生的审美情趣。我们紧扣“理解”和“运用”这两个环节,以课文为基础,适当增加辅助阅读材料,课文教学遵循循序渐进、螺旋上升的规律,形成了这样一个模式:领会――模仿――理解――初用――操练――活用。学生在自学过程中领会教师布置的提示性问题,初步把握文章内容和主旨,然后进行模仿性练习,学习有关词、句;教师指导学生找出主题句,弄清段落大意及段落关系,然后设置提示性练习,初步让学生独立运用有关语言点;增加阅读训练,设置专项练习,让学生反复进行有关词、短语、句型的操练,并要求运用所学词、短语、句型表达思想;练习的设计具有交际性,同句教学不脱离课文,课文教学不因同句教学而中断;课文理解以理解词句为辅助手段,词句理解服务于课文理解;教学方法不拘一格,灵活多样,要求读了要理解,读了要欣赏,读了要运用;教学有纲有目,有的放矢,避免本末倒置的题海战术。
(二)创设情境,激发思维动机
思维动机是激励并维持一个人的思维活动以达到一定目的的内在动力,动机在需要的基础上产生,同时也离不开刺激的作用,当刺激与个人需要相关联时即会产生思维动机,引起思维活动。阅读活动中的刺激主要来自语言环境,简称语境。语境在从作者到读者,即从表达到理解的过程中起着桥梁作用,是思维的基矗离开了语境,有人会这样理解,有人会那样理想,有的理解是正确的、全面的,有的理解是片面的,甚至是错误的。阅读中,要在读懂了词、句,段的字面意义的基础上领会其深层含义,必须有足够的语境信息。借助语境,作者才能选择恰当的语言形式表达自己的`思想,从而将想要表达的思想准确地传达给读者;借助语境,读者才能准确无误地领会、理解作者所要表达的特定含义,通过各种手段(如模拟表演、电教手段等),在教学中充分展示文中的语言环境,让学生身临其境,去感知具体的语言信息,以引起阅读兴趣,同时创设问题情境,激起他们的好奇心和求知欲,启发他们理解上下文。鼓励学生独立思考,反复研究,联系实际,自觉运用,变“要我学”为“我要学”,激发他们的思维动机,调动阅读的积极性,培养阅读的自觉性和主动性。
(三)启发设疑,激化思维矛盾
古人说得好:“读书无疑须教有疑,有疑却要无疑,到这里方是长进。”疑问是思维的契机,人类的思维活动往往是由于要解决当前面临的问题而引发的,培养学生的思维能力应从教会学生发现问题开始,使学生养成在阅读中思考、在思考中阅读的习惯。我们一方面教会学生设疑的基本方法,如“新旧知识交叉点法”,“5WIH法”等,同时组织小组讨论,开展“大家说”竞赛活动,设立“问题信箱”,创办“争鸣园地”。要求学生加强预习,鼓励学生提前思考。课堂教学以学生为中心,让他们在民主平等的气氛中进行充分的交流,自己发现矛盾,独立解决矛盾,改变传统的“一言堂”或“尖子包干”的局面。通过设疑问难,不断把思维引向纵深。
(四)分层递进,扩大思维范围
客观事物及其本质的层次性,决定了人类对同一种或同一类事物的认识可以有层次和水平上的差异。卡林将阅读技能分为五大类:认词技能,词义技能、理解技能、阅读学习技能和欣赏技能。这五项技能的训练必须循序渐进地渗透在阅读教学之中。思维过程是由已知到未知的过程,在不断预测的阅读过程中,教师要教会学生利用经验知识去理解新的信息,“边读边抓住主要的语言线索预料和猜测意义,从而逐步扩大解码范围”。就是说,按照一定顺序,由辨认文字符号的感性认识阶段开始,过渡到识别文体、理解内容、吸收信息并初步进行创造性思维的理性认识阶段,最后升华到欣赏并用阅读中所学的知识解决同类问题,在真实的生活情景中进行交际活动的综合运用阶段。无论是语言知识的学习,还是语言能力的培养,都以“滚雪球”的方式进行,课文教学层次分明,重点突出,逻辑严密。配合课文,我们适当增加阅读材料,充分注意其可读性,所选材料内容由浅入深,容量由小到大,篇目由少到多。整个阅读教学中,无论是内容的安排、技能的培养,都遵循了由易到难的原则,让学生逐步开阔眼界,在己知的基础上不断向思维的深度和广度开拓。
(五)扩大阅读,丰富思维结构
爱德华・T・霍乌认为:“文化确定了人的存在……、思维方式、行为方式、解决问题的方式。”知识是思维结构内容的一个重要来源,知识的学习,能开阔视野,促使思维结构更新和丰富,促成思维方式的合理化、效率化和科学化。思维活动具有人类性,世界各族人民都通过大脑,运用概念。判断、推理等思维形式进行分析综合、抽象概括、对比联想以认识客观事物。然而,不同民族可能有不同的文化,用不同的语言表达思维的成品。阅读能力与文化素养关系密切。对我们来说,英语阅读是一种跨文化交际,“读者面对的读物是用他所不熟悉的语言写的,而该语言又与他所不熟悉的文化微妙地联系在一起。”要真正理解读物内容,提高阅读速度和效率,在掌握语言知识结构的同时,还得多懂一些英语国家的风土人情、社交习俗、政治宗教、生活经验及科普知识等等,以便在阅读中排除歧义,作出正确的判断和推理。“理解课文的能力不仅取决于读者的语言知识,还取决于他或她的一般常识,以及在阅读的思维过程中这些常识在多大程度上被调动起来。”结合课文,我们向学生介绍英美等国家的背景知识,增加阅读训练时注意选材的广泛性,鼓励学生广泛阅读、留心观察,广播、电视、电影也是学习的好途径。通过学习,使学生吸取知识,提高能力,丰富和发展思维结构。
(六)丰富意义,沟通思维网络
阅读教学的一个主要障碍在于,学生的理解不能前后呼应,层次不清晰。究其原因,是由于随着阅读的推移,新的信息不断增加,前面读过的内容受到干扰而逐步衰退或受到抑制。也就是说,学生不能边读边处理信息,短时记忆能力差。
认知心理学认为,不论所涉及的资料类型如何,短时记忆最多只能保持七个忆信息,逐步编入长时记忆以统筹处理的过程。增加短时记忆容量,有选择地转化为长时记忆,是阅读教学中提高思维灵敏性的关键所在,丰富材料的意义是解决上述问题的方法之一。材料的意义,一方面来源于阅读材料的组织、形式和模式。
教学过程中,我们训练学生扩大视幅,将字母组块为单词,单词组块为词组,词组组块为句子,要求学生按意群阅读,并通过对文体、 篇章结构等的学习,从整体上把握文章。通过扩大单元信息容量,增强短时记忆处理信息的能力。当然,只有在长时记忆中的某些信息被激活,组块才能出现。材料的意义的另一个来源,是我们在阅读中对一些特定名同、事物或观点的联想。新词语、新句子可以从它们的对应词、句和所指事物、事件和观点的联想中引申出意义。丰富语言结构、词汇知识、背景材料的储备,并以适当的方式与短时记忆的职能联结起来,利于发展思维网络,融会贯通,形成完整的认知图。材料的意义的第三个来源在于信息的用途,练习愈接近应用的形式,就愈富有意义,无论是课文还是增补材料,阅读练习的要求都以大纲和MET试题要求为依据,阅读训练要保持阶段完整性和一致性,让学生在应用的场合下去学会阅读。
(七)着眼整体,组建思维模式
阅读是多层次的分析和综合结构作用的过程,可以先分析后综合,也可以先综合后分析。分析即把材料分解成段、句、词等单位,了解其特征、功能、变化和用法,以便理解所读内容。综合即把材料连贯起来思考,理解其中逻辑关系。
“ 篇章是具有内在逻辑相关性的结构系统。”“实现了连贯的语句,并不一定能够形成 篇章,原因是连贯只能保证语句间能建立起一定的逻辑关系,但不能保证作为一个结构系统所必须的完整性,这种完整性反映在逻辑关系上,就是逻辑的完备性。”为此,处理课文时我们采用了整体教法。整体阅读就是通过整句、整段阅读,达到对全篇文章的正确理解。我们引导学生通读全文,借助上下文来揣测词义,理解句子的隐含意义,弄清全文的中心思想,层次结构,行文线索以及作者对笔下人物的态度和写作意图。要求学生要先粗读课文,理角总体一部分一整体”的教学模式。词句的学习,观点的理解都在一个完整清晰的全篇认知图中进行,通过关键词、主题句有针对性地分析理解点,并以点带面,深化阅读。
(八)调整速度,促使思维敏捷
有人以为信息的接受来得容易,去得也快,而教育心理学认为,原始学习的速度与保持成正相关。学习快则遗忘慢,学习慢则遗忘快。一般来讲,阅读过程中速度与理解也是相辅相成的。一定范围内,阅读速度加快能促使词句分析性阅读水平向综合性超句子话语阅读水平转化,从而加深对阅读内容的理解程度。理解程度的加深亦能提高思维的敏捷性和灵活性,加快阅读速度。当然,速度不能离开理解而单独存在,有效的阅读意味着迅速而准确的理解,只有当我们全面地考虑到读物的性质和难易度、阅读的目的和要求以及读者的理解水平,此时的阅读速度才有意义。我们要求学生精读和泛读相结合,充分运用浏览、掠读、寻读、猜读等速读技巧,坚持计时阅读,及时检查阅读效果,调整阅读速度。
篇4:英语阅读题目
英语阅读题目
EXERCISE
The Central Problem of Economics
The central problem of economics is to satisfy the peoples and nations wants.
The problem we faced with is that our resources,here identified as money are _1__.
The only way we can solve the problem is to _2__ choices.After looking at our resources,we must examine our list of _3__ and identify the things we need immediately , _4_ we can postpone,and those we cannot afford.As individuals,we face the central problem involved in economics---decideing how to allocate our limited resources to _5__ ourselves with greatest satisfaction of our wants.
Nations face __6_ problem. As a countrys population_7__, the need for more goods and services grows correspondingly. Resources necessary to production may increase,but there _8__ are enough resources to satisfy the total desires of a nation.Whether the budget meeting is _9__ in the family living room,in the conference room of the corporation __10_ of directors,or in the chamber of the House of Representatives in Washington,the basic problem still exists.We need to find _11__ of allocating limited resources in order to satisfy unlimited wants.
A short time ago,economists _12__ goods into two categories,free and economic.The former.,like air and water,were in _13__ abundance that economists had no concern for them.After all,economists is the _14__ of scarcity and what to do about it.Today many of these “free goods” are _15__ very expensive to use.Population has made clean air and water _16__ for producers who have to filter their waste products,for consumers who ultimately _17__ the producers extra cost,and _18__ taxpayers who pay for the governments involvement _19__ the environment.
In the 1990s,almost all goods are scares.Only by effort and money_20__ obtained in the from people wish.
1) A abundant B scarce C limited D unlimited
2) A have B do C make D ask
3) A want B resources C want D problem
4) A some B others C that D those
5) A bring B provide C take D satisfy
6) A another B the same C the other D a same
7) A growing B grown C grows D grow
8) A sometimes B always C often D never
9) A taking place B happening C replacing D taking the place
10) A board B group C management D function
11) A means B approach C ways D method
&n
bsp;12) A seperate B divide C cut D divided
13) A a so B great C such D such an
14) A study B form C means D source
15) A particularly B in practice C pracitally D in reality
16) A cheaper B more expensive C expensive D cheap
17) A pay for Bwill pay for C use D will use
18) A the B with C for D also
19) A cleaning B in cleaning C about cleaning D clean
20) A they can be B they must be
C must they be D can they be
参考答案:
1--5 CCADB 6--10BCDAA
11--15CDCAD 16--20BACBD
篇5:慢速英语阅读
慢速英语阅读
Western Values Inspire Gay Rights Debate in S. Korea
The struggle for gay rights in South Korea is not one that can be seen as a conflict between Eastern and Western cultural values.
South Korean lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender, or LGBT, activists have been influenced by the success of gay rights movements in western countries.
But U.S. activists against gay marriage have also had influence in South Korea.
Thousands of South Korean gay rights supporters and opponents recently held demonstrations at the same time and place. The activists gathered in front of Seoul's city administration building.
Demonstrators at the Gay Pride Festival celebrated the U.S. Supreme Court decision to legalize same sex marriage. The U.S. gay rights movement has helped raisedawarenessin Asia on the issue. South Korean activists have beenencouragedand partly guided by the American experience. Nam Woong is with the activist group Solidarity For LGBT Human Rights Of Korea. He said his country’s activists are not following the path of the United States exactly. But he said there are similiarities.
Gay rights opponents also say they getinspirationfrom other countries. Western missionaries brought Christianity to South Korea. Since the 1950s, Christian representation has increased from two percent to more than 30 percent of the country’s population today. And many conservative Christians in South Korea see gay rights as a betrayal of the values they learned from American churches.
Lee Byung-Dae is a spokesperson for the Korean Association of Church Communication. He expressed worry that, in his words, “the values established by the United States are now being destroyed.“ Reverend Lee said his group has links to 45,000 Christian churches.
Seoul Mayor Park Won-soon is a supporter of same-sex marriage. But in , he withdrew a proposed human rights law after anti-gay activists held asit-inat City Hall. The failed measure was designed to protect lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people from discrimination in the city’s larger region.
Reverend Lee said his gay rights opposition group is reaching out to Western churches to help stop what he said is a growing movement to discriminate against Christians.
”We are trying to seriously stop the movement from infringing on the human rights of majority Christians because of human rights of the minority,“ he said.
But, as in the West, public support for gay rights in South Korea is growing. A recent study shows support for legalization of same sex marriage in South Korea increased from 16.9 percent to 28.5 percent from to 2014. This change in attitude is mainly found among the younger people questioned in the study.
Nam Woong said, ”The history of self-expression is short in South Korea. But the speed of change is much faster here.”
The U.S. Embassy had a presence at the Gay Pride festival in Seoul. Festival-goers could take pictures of themselves with life-size photos of President Barack Obama and First Lady Michelle Obama.
Mr. Nam said the U.S. has been supporting the Korean gay rights movement for years through diplomatic offices and non-governmental groups.
In June, America’s highest court ruled that the U.S. constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage. Shortly after, two South Korean filmmakers went to court in Seoul to take part in a similar legal battle. The men, Kim Chokwangsu and Kim Seung-hwan, married in in a public wedding. They have been seeking legal recognition of their union since then.
The court this week rejected their request saying, “same-sex marriage does not satisfy the definition of husband and wife in civil law.” A legal group supporting the couple said it will appeal the South Korean court decision. And the group said it will continue to fight for equal rights for all people, no matter their sexualpreference.
I'm Caty Weaver.
Brian Padden reported this story from Seoul. Caty Weaver adapted it for Learning English. Ashley Thompson was the editor.
Words in This Story
aware�C adj. knowing that something (such as a situation, condition, or problem) exists
encourage�C v. to make (someone) more determined, hopeful, or confident
inspire�C v. to make (someone) want to do something : to give (someone) an idea about what to do or create
orientation�C n. a person's feelings, interests, and beliefs
sit-in�C n. a strike or protest in which people sit or stay in a place and refuse to leave until they are given what they demand
preference�C n. a feeling of liking or wanting one person or thing more than another person or thing
Do LGBT people have equal rights, including freedom to marry, in your country? We want to hear from you. Post your answer in the comments section.
篇6:英语美文阅读
The first time I ran, like really ran, was during middle school gym class. It took me 11 minutes and 47 seconds to finish a mile. I've been running ever since.
我第一次跑步,那种真正的跑步,是在中学体育课的时候。我花了11分47秒跑完了1英里。自那以后,我一直在跑步。
Running is the kind of thing where you put in the time and expect to see results, and let me be the first to tell you: It is supremely discouraging when you don't. It's discouraging when you run a five-mile race with your entire family and come in a solid 15 minutes behind everyone else, and it's discouraging when that time is no faster or slower than your five-mile time five years ago.
跑步是一种你会投入时间并期待成效的运动。让我做第一个告诉你这个的人:你没有做到的时候,你会刚到非常沮丧。当你和所有家人一起来一场5英里赛跑却落后了每个人15分钟的时候,是十分让人沮丧的;当你跑完5英里的时间并没有比5年前更快或更慢的时候,也是十分让人沮丧的。
And yet, my alarm is already set for 6 a.m. tomorrow, even though it's probably going to be rainy and definitely going to be cold and even though most of the time, I really hate running.
但是,我已经把明天的闹钟设置为早晨6点钟了,哪怕可能会下雨且一定会变冷;哪怕大多数时间,我真的讨厌跑步。
Don't ask me why. All I know is this: As much as I hate running, I love being a runner.
不要问我原因。我所知道的一切就是:我喜欢成为一名奔跑者和我讨厌跑步的程度相同。
There's some kind of camaraderie between people who spend more money each year on running shoes than on all their other shoes combined, and there's some fundamental similarity between people who can cross 10 miles without pausing.
比起购买其他所有的鞋子,每年花更多的钱买跑鞋的人们之间有着某种友谊;那些不用暂停就能跑完10英里的人们之间也有着根本的相似性。
On days that I run, I exert myself purely for exertion's sake. If you run too, you get why.
在我跑步的日子里,我只不过为了努力而努力。如果你也跑步,你会懂的。
When you're a runner, your people are the girls with hair elastics on their wrists and the boys with shorts shorter than yours. They might be better, faster or stronger than you, but you belong with them.
当你做奔跑者的时候,你的同伴会是那些手腕上有用来扎头发的橡皮筋的女孩子们以及那些穿着比你裤子还短的短裤的男孩子们。他们也许比你更好、更快或者更强壮,但你和他们是一起的。
It took me almost 10 years of plodding along at an 11-minute mile before I realized that I could call myself a runner, no matter how slow I go or how many races I lose.
我花了将近时间才做到在11分钟内跑完1英里,后来我才意识到,我可以称自己为一名奔跑者,无论我跑得多慢、无论我输掉了几场比赛。
I've laced up my shoes at least once a week since the first day I stepped foot on a track in middle school. Some weeks it's every day, some weeks it's not. Some days, I'll barely go more than a mile, and some days, I'll walk more than I jog. I may not have medals, but I have fresh air, time alone, and creaky knees and tight quads.
自从我在中学踏上跑道的第一天起,我至少每周会束紧鞋带跑一次步。有些时候我那周的每天都绑紧鞋带去跑步,有些时候不是。有些日子里,我很少跑超过1英里的距离;有些日子里,我散步的次数会比慢跑多。我可能没有奖章,但是我能呼吸新鲜空气、拥有独处的时间并有吱吱作响的膝盖和结实的股四头肌。
For me, that's enough. I run, so I am a runner.
对我来说,那就足够了。我跑步,所以我是一名奔跑者。
篇7:英语阅读理解
英语阅读理解
英语自主性阅读实施心得
莱州市实验中学李向民
众所周知,对于人类来说,广泛阅读是汲取知识的重要途径之一,一本好书会影响人的一生,同样英语阅读也是中学生一种非常重要的学习手段,它不仅可以开阔学生的视野,陶冶学生的情操,更是培养学生表达能力的重要途径之一。通过大量英语自主性阅读可以培养学生良好的学习习惯,训练学生敏锐的思维方式及迅速捕捉重要信息的本领,实现学生听、说、读、写综合语言运用能力的全面提高。在平日的工作中,我把自己如何培养学生自主性阅读的实施心得总结如下:
一、备课
1备材料:在每周星期五一次的阅读课之前,我常常把课本上的阅读材料事先分类,打破原有的顺序,把故事类、科普类、新闻类、体育类、应用文体类等归类后依次填写到我的阅读备课笔记中,再进行仔细阅读,发现新鲜的词汇或国家、城市等就把它记下来,然后在周五之前布置学生分别上网或到图书馆查找有关资料,准备在课前导读用。
2、备学生
上课之前要设想学生对于本周的阅读材料会产生什么样的质疑,对于这些质疑如何处理效果更好,学生会对阅读材料中哪一篇更感兴趣,怎样更吸引学生主动参与去探究知识领域,都要事前做好充分的思想准备。更重要得是要教会学生合作方法,让学生主动地动起来。我会按照心理、性格、情感和认知等方面不同的群体分为四人一个小组,每个小组都有高、中、低、差四个层次的学生,使组内成员有一定的差异性和互补性,这样既保证了小组间的竞争性,又保证了公平性。同时,以高带中、中领低、低帮差、差再促高,使学生遇到问题学会自己发现、自己讨论、自己解决,尽可能地挖掘学生的内在潜能。
二、上课
1、课前导入
上课后,前5分钟是导读时间,即把本节课要涉及到的内容(如新词、国家、地方等)让学生写在黑板右下角,然后根据查到的资料做阅读前演说报告,争取用汉英结合式、背景介绍式、谈论式、复习式给大家做个粗略的.解释,这对表达能力也是个促进。先由学生从小组中推出一两个代表发言,也可以由别的小
组成员来做补充说明,最后我再把需要补充的地方加上去,让学生对所需阅读的材料做到心中有数,真正起到一个导读的作用,为下面的阅读作好良好的铺垫。
2、课中进行
课中阅读一般分为竟猜、闯关和抢答三步。首先,让学生快速默读阅读材料一遍,尤其是对于“who,when,where,why,how”等要一眼找出,其次要知道文章的中心思想及每一小段的中心句,对于阅读材料所涉及的内容有一个大概的猜想了解,尤其是要鼓励学生大胆进行猜词。并在教师指导下进行小组讨论,首先要讨论自己不会的单词,把意思弄明白,然后一个小组可以为其他的小组出竟猜单词,这一活动中每猜对一个单词得5分,最后由总记录员宣布分数。这样学生参与热情高涨,同时又培养了学生的集体主义观念,从而达到阅读教学目的的完成,培养学生自主阅读的能力;接下来是细读,也是为闯关作准备,教师可以列出一些重要词汇,然后稍作解释,不要喋喋不休,要把“权利”放下去,让学生各小组去读。这时候老师可以察言观色,他的真正任务不是教,而是帮。因为课堂教学必须以学生为中心,让学生占据大部分课堂时间,教师必须充分调动学生的积极性,有效地组织生动活泼的课堂活动,及时发现他们的困难,为他们排忧解难,真正成为学生学习上的组织者、管理者、鼓励者、合作者和解难者。训练学生在读的同时,可以一边让学生分组讨论阅读材料的翻译,然后由总操作员下去进行现场抽签,哪个小组抽到第几段就必须进行口头翻译,至于由谁来翻译,则由总操作员说了算。学生必须把整个的阅读材料弄明白才能作到口头翻译,检查时不用面面俱到,可以由总操作员以点带面,但每个小组成员都要认真活动,才会闯关顺利。如果还有解决不了的问题老师可以引导学生共同体会、共同发现,同时一定要注意知识与趣味的结合,科学与人文的结合,记忆与思维的结合。
3、课末反思
下课前5-10分钟学生可以做一下整理和积累。母语阅读中的好词、好句、好段、新词汇、精彩描述、精彩对话、经典句型等的记录和积累会使学生收益一生。同样英语阅读中整理和积累也是一个升华的过程,学生把自己在阅读当中遇到的美好的东西积累到自己平时的积累笔记上,最后写上自己的感想。然后闭着眼睛去回味一下,背诵一下,总结一下,反思一下,这个过程产生的效果真的可
能影响学生的一生。
三、课外阅读
阅读是一种学习,是一种进步,也是一种能力。具备这种能力,还必须具备丰富的知识结构。一个拥有社会、文化、风土人情、天文地理、历史等各方面知识的人,在阅读有关的英语材料时,会突然激活他的内动力,他读起来更轻松、更透彻。他不仅能够理解文中所说的内容,还能将文中所涉及的内容及与之有联系的未出现在文中的内容做深层次透彻的了解。所以,第一我鼓励学生进行课内阅读与课外阅读相结合,我推荐了好多有益的适合他们课后阅读的书目,既简单又不乏知识性、趣味性,还会粗略了解一些世界名著;第二进行以媒体为载体的英语阅读训练,为了使英语阅读不枯燥乏味,我会定期带领学生一起听英文歌曲、看英文原版精致的电影、或进行名著欣赏。通过类似的活动来调动学生学习英语的自觉性,从另一层次去做进一步的“阅读理解”,然后我们会分小组进行准备,在每周一的“英语角”活动中,进行即兴演讲,别的小组都可以参与擂台赛。擂主就是即兴演讲的冠军。
四、课后作业
我每周定期布置一次对英语阅读理解的改写、扩写或缩写,这比单纯的做阅读理解更深一层,学生必须在理解的基础上进行改、扩、缩写。如果把握不好原有的阅读材料,要想进行改动会是难上加难,所以我会鼓励学生畅所欲“写”,把学生写下来的文章当作作文一样,让学生互相进行批阅,可以在旁边进行旁批,然后要在最后给出总评,提出修改意见或希望,最后打上等级。接下来我会认真复审一遍,仔细批阅之后再还给学生修改。学生通过自己去做作文、批作文、写评语、看评语,最后再据此修改。我还会让学生对一些稍简单的文章进行口头复述或进行调查,写出调查报告,或办手抄报,把调查报告或手抄报放在橱窗里进行展览,以此激发他们进行阅读理解的积极性。
总之,我们要根据学生的实际情况进行限定性阅读和开放性阅读相结合的方式,侧重阅读和理解,同时兼顾听说读写的综合训练,侧重于阅读理解能力和英语文化素养的培养与提高。注重学生的小组合作活动,侧重学生的自主探究能力的培养,发掘不同层次学生的英语潜能,激励整体学生英语学习氛围,让学生
体验学习途径及阅读过程中的成功和乐趣,从而有效地进行自主性阅读学习,提高学生自主学习的能力。所以,我认为“基于母语环境的英语自主性阅读与表达能力的培养”其本身就是对我们所从事的职业的帮助,是让英语阅读理解自己和更多的教师从繁重的、低效的劳动中挣脱出来;让自己的孩子和更多的孩子从沉重的、无止境的压力中解脱出来的一缕春光,这给学生提供了一个展示自我的平台,让我们真诚地、执着地去做,不再重复昨天的故事。
篇8:英语阅读测试题
英语阅读测试题
Once Einstein gave a lecture in many places in America. His driver always listened to him and knew the lecture so well that he was sure be could give it himself. So Einstein agreed that the driver gave the lecture him.
As nobody knew Einstein there, the driver gave the lecture for Einstein that evening. At first he was a bit afraid, but Einstein's smile made him feel better. He gave a good lecture and the people were quite pleased.
Then the driver started to leave and Einstein followed him without a word. When they got to the door, a man asked the driver a difficult question.
The driver said that the question was very easy, and told the man to ask his driver behind to answer it.
根据短文内容填空,每空限填一词。
Einstein gave the (1) ______ lecture again and again. His driver (2) ______ to his lecture so many times (3) ______ he wanted to give it (4) ______. When Einstein knew it, he let the driver (5) ______ the lecture for him that night. The driver gave a (6) ______ lecture and the great scientist was quite pleased.
When they were (7) ______ the lecture room, a man asked the driver a question. To show (8) ______ easy the question was, the driver asked Einstein who followed him (9) ______ to answer it (10) ______ of him.
KEY:
1.same 2.listened 3.that 4.himself 5.give
6.good 7.leaving 8.how 9.quietly(behind) 10.instead
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