高中教材电子版（共7篇）由网友“查无此号”投稿提供，下面是小编为大家整理后的高中教材电子版，仅供大家参考借鉴，希望大家喜欢!
篇1：高中英语语法的教材
如何避免英文中的错别字
每天都去几个著名的英语学习论坛，看一看网友们的帖子。我注意到，许多英语初学者都有一个共同的毛病，那就是英文的错别字比较多。
关于错别字，我想讲两个真实的小故事。第一个故事发生在19世纪，当时英国人在伦敦建造了一座铁桥，在铁桥落成仪式上，官方请维多利亚女王第一个通过铁桥。第二天的报纸上，大字标题原本应当是Queen Passed（女王通过了），万万没有想到，由于排字工人的疏忽大意，大字标题竟然变成Queen Pissed（女王撒尿了）。更糟糕的是，维多利亚女王有一个习惯，那就是每天早上一起床，必须马上看报纸，为此，报社只好临时赶印了一份内容正确的报纸，专门呈送给女王，其它报纸则全部销毁了。
第二个故事就发生在最近。在西方，人们如果在文章中发现了一个错别字，就会在它后面加一个[sic]，比如pervide [sic]，表示“原文如此”，通常有嘲笑、讽刺的含义。美国总统布什能讲一口流利的西班牙语，唯一的缺点就是错别字多，于是南美国家委内瑞拉的一家报纸，用整版的篇幅，刊登了布什总统的一篇西班牙语讲演，其中的大量错别字，均用红色的[sic]标出，以此嘲笑布什总统，该国总统Hugo Chávez甚至讽刺布什总统是analfabeto（文盲）。
由此我们可以看出，文章中的错别字，有时会造成很严重的后果，同时也会对写作人的自身形象造成不良影响，因此我们有必要在文章中，尽可能避免错别字。在这方面，我们比19世纪的那些英国排字工人要幸运多了，这是因为在我们的电脑上，许多文字编辑软件都具有“拼写错误检查”的功能。
在这些软件中，如果您书写了一个错别字，比如pervide，它下面马上就会出现一个红色的波浪线，表示这个单词有拼写错误，需要更改。有些高级的文字编辑软件，甚至可以显示可供更改的一组单词，比如将pervide更改为provide，或者更改为pervade，等等，操作起来相当方便。因此我建议初学者朋友，您的英语文章不妨先在这些软件上打出来，看看是否有错别字，没有错别字之后，才粘贴到论坛上，这样做，既可以消除错别字，也有助于您正确记忆英语单词。
篇2：高中英语语法的教材
高中英语语法重点难点回顾之三
little,no,some, 等修饰。
I have read all the book (that) you gave me.
4)先行词被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修饰时。
He is the only person that I want to talk to.
5)先行词既有人又有物时。They talked of things and persons that they remembered in the school.
先行词是表示地点时,要根据从句的谓语动词是及物的还是不及物的。如果是及物的就用that(which),否则用where。
This is the house where he lived last year.
This is the house that (which) he visited last year.
用no sooner…than和hardly…when引导的从句表示“刚……就……”。主句中的动词一般用过去完成时,从句用过去时;而且主句一般倒装,把助动词had提到前面。例如：Hardly had I entered the room when I heard a loud noise.
代词作主语时,主谓语序不变。Here it is. Here he comes.
当句首状语为表示地点的介词词组时也常常引起全部倒装。
South of the city lies a big steel factory.
From the valley came a frightening sound.
表语置于句首时,倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”。
Present at the meeting were Professor White,Professor Smith and many other guests.
Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.
Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
He has been to Beijing. So have I.
Li Wei can’t answer the question. Neither can I.
部分倒装
用于省略if的虚拟条件状语从句。Had you reviewed your lessons,you might have passed the examination.
3.用于“形容词(或名词、动词)+as(though)引导的让步状语从句中。例如：Pretty as she is ,she is not clever.
Try as he would, he might fail again.
如果从句的表语是名词,其名词前不加任何冠词。
Child as he was, he had to make a living.
用于no sooner…than…,hardly…when和not until的句型中。Not until the teacher came did he finish his homework.
用于never,hardly,seldom,scarcely, barely, little,often,at no time,not only,not once等词开头的句子。
Never shall I do this again.
Little did he know who the woman was.
6.用于以only开头的句子(only修饰副词,介词短语或状语从句时)。Only this afternoon did I finish the novel.
Only in this way can you master English.
Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in.
如果only后面的词组不是状语,则不用倒装。
Only Wang Ling knows this.
用于某些表示祝愿的句子。May you succeed!祝你成功!
stomach－stomachs，a German－three Germans,
an American－two Americans，man cook - men cooks;
papers 报纸, 文件 manners礼貌 drinks饮料
in a word 简言之?in other words 换句话说
have words with 与某人吵嘴
have a few words (a word) with sb.与某人说几句话
The crowd were running for their lives．
某些集体名词, 如people, police, cattle等, 只当复数看待, 谓语动词必须用复数。The police are searching for him.
篇3：高中英语语法的教材
高中英语语法重点难点回顾之一
主谓一致常考难题：
Five minutes is enough to do this exercise．
Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future．
More than one student has seen the film.
Many a ship has been damaged in the storm.
More members than one are against your plan.
一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时, 谓语通常用复数形式：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。
但如果主语用a kind of , a pair of , a series of等加名词构成时, 谓语动词一般用单数形式。A pair of shoes was on the desk．
并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时, 谓语动词用单数形式, 这时and后面的名词没有冠词。例如:
Truth and honesty is the best policy．
The girl’s teacher and friend is a young doctor．
To love and to be loved is the great happiness.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
A knife and fork is on the table.
当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as , no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时, 其谓语动词的.单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如:
The teacher as well as the students was excited．
The room with its furniture was rented．
A (great) number of修饰可数复数名词, 谓语动词用复数; a great deal of,a large amount of 修饰不可数名词, 其短语作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时, 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。例如:
Those who want to go please sign your names here．
Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun．
季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科名称，球类、棋类名词名称前一般不加冠词。
1/2 one(a) half 1/4 one(a) quarter
形容词的顺序：
系动词be，grow，get，become，feel，appear，prove，seem，look，keep，smell，taste，sound，turn，remain限定词+数量形容词(序数词在前，基数词在后)+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国藉+材料
Those three beautiful large square old brown wood table
某些以a-开首的形容词例如：afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake, alive 等只能作表语,不能作定语。
某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词：friendly，lively， lovely，lonely，likely，deadly，silly，orderly, timely等。
1)close接近地 closely仔细地，密切地
2)free 免费地 freely自由地,无拘束地
3)hard努力地 hardly几乎不
4)late 晚，迟 lately近来
5)most 极,非常 mostly主要地
6)wide广阔地，充分地 widely广泛地
7)high高 highly高度地，非常地
8)deep深，迟 deeply抽象意义的“深”
9)loud大声地 loudly大声地(含有喧闹的意思)
10)near邻近nearly几乎
bad/ill,badly worse worst little less least
表示一方不及另一方时，用“less＋原级＋than”的结构表示：This room is less beautiful than that one．
表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far, yet, by far等修饰：He works even harder than before．
注意:by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时,一般放在比较级的后面, 如放在前面,应在二者中间加“the”。
He is taller by far than his brother.
He is by far the taller of the two brothers.
某些以-or结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替than。superior，junior，senior等。
He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics．
在比较从句中为了避免重复通常用that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物，one既可指人，也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词。例如：
The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk．
A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood．
表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型:
A is three (four,etc.) times the size (height, length, width,etc) of B.
The new building is four times the size (the height) of the old one.
这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大(四倍高)。［高三倍］
A is three (four, etc.) times as big (high, long, wide, etc.) as B.
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
A is three (four,etc.) times bigger (higher, longer, wider) than B.
例如:Your school is three times bigger than ours.
你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。
表示两倍可以用 twice 或 double。
表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。
如果复数名词前有many、few，不可数名词前有much、little等表示量的形容词时，该用so而不用such。如：
I’ve had so many falls that I’m black and blue all over.
Mr White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together.
但little不表示数量而表示“小”的意思时,仍用such。如:
They are such little children that the they cannot clean the house by themselves.
6)almost与nearly
在very, pretty, not后用nearly, 不用almost。例如：
I’m not nearly ready.
在any, no, none, never前用almost, 不用nearly。例如：
I almost never see her.
need 表示“需要”或“必须”,作情态动词时,仅用于否定句或疑问句中。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to或should 代替。例如：
You needn’t come so early.
Need I finish the work today? －－Yes, you must.
注意：needn’t have done“表示本来不必做某事而实际上做了某事”。例如：You needn’t have waited for me.
“should have done”表示应该做到而实际上没有做到。
You should have started earlier.
“ought to have done”表示过去应做某事而实际未做。
You ought to have helped him (but you didn’t)
书报的标题,小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。
表示感觉,愿望和状态的某些动词如have, be, hear, see, like等词一般不用进行时。
有些动词形式上是主动结构,但表示被动的意思。常见的有可和 well, easily 等副词连用的不及物动词sell,wash,write,read,clean,cook等。例如：
The cloth washes well.这布很经洗。
The new product sells well.这新产品很畅销。
The pen writes well.这支笔很好写。
在动词 arrange,command, demand, desire,insist, order,propose, request, require, suggest等后面的宾语从句中用“(should)＋ 动词原形”(虚拟语气)例如：
We suggested that we (should) have a meeting.
We insisted that they (should) go with us.
The doctor ordere
篇4：高中英语语法的教材
高中英语语法讲义5
高考高频难词
1.alter v. 改变,改动,变更
2.burst vi.n. 突然发生,爆裂
3.dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)
4.blast n. 爆炸;气流 vi. 炸,炸掉
5.consume v. 消耗,耗尽
6.split v. 劈开;割裂;分裂 a.裂开的
7.spit v. 吐(唾液等);唾弃
8.spill v. 溢出,溅出,倒出
9.slip v. 滑动,滑落;忽略
10.slide v. 滑动,滑落 n. 滑动;幻灯片
11.bacteria n. 细菌
12.breed n. 种,品种 v. 繁殖,产仔
13.budget n. 预算 v. 编预算,作安排
14.candidate n. 候选人
15.campus n. 校园
16.liberal a. 慷慨的;丰富的;自由的
17.transform v. 转变,变革;变换
18.transmit v. 传播,播送;传递
19.transplant v. 移植
20.transport vt. 运输 n. 运输,运输工具
21.shift v. 转移;转动;转变
22.vary v. 变化,改变;使多样化
23.vanish vi. 消灭,不见
24.swallow v. 吞下,咽下 n. 燕子
25.suspicion n. 怀疑,疑心
26.suspicious a. 怀疑的,可疑的
27.mild a. 温暖的,暖和的;温柔的,味淡的
28.tender a. 温柔的;脆弱的
29.nuisance n. 妨害,讨厌(的人或事物)
30.insignificant a. 无意义的,无足轻重的
31.accelerate vt. 加速,促进
32.absolute a. 绝对的,无条件的;完全的
33.boundary n. 分界线,边界
34.brake n. 刹车,制动器 v. 刹住(车)
35.catalog n. 目录(册) v. 编目
36.vague a. 模糊的,不明确的
37.vain n. 徒劳,白费
38.extinct a. 绝灭的,熄灭的
39.extraordinary a. 不平常的,特别的,
40.extreme a. 极度的,极端的 n. 极端,过分
41.agent n. 代理人,代理商;动因,原因
42.alcohol n. 含酒精的饮料,酒精
43.appeal n./vi. 呼吁,恳求
44.appreciate vt. 重视,赏识,欣赏
45.approve v. 赞成,同意,批准
46.stimulate vt. 刺激,激励
47.acquire vt. 取得,获得;学到
48.accomplish vt .完成,到达;实行
49.network n. 网状物;电视网;网络
50.tide n. 潮汐;潮流
51.tidy a. 整洁的,整齐的
52.trace vt. 追踪,找到 n. 痕迹,踪迹
53.torture n./vt. 拷打,折磨
54.wander vi. 漫游,闲逛
55.wax n. 蜡
56.weave v. 织,编
57.preserve v. 保护,保存,保持,维持
61. abuse v. 滥用,虐待;谩骂
62. academic a. 学术的;;研究院的
63. academy n. (高等)专科院校;学会
64. battery n. 电池(组)
65. barrier n. 障碍;棚栏
66. cargo n. (船、飞机等装载的)货物
67. career n. 生涯,职业
68. vessel n. 船舶;容器,器皿;血管
69. vertical a. 垂直的
70. oblige v. 迫使,责成;使感激
71. obscure a. 阴暗,模糊
72. extent n. 程度,范围,大小,限度
73. exterior n. 外部,外表 a. 外部的,外表的
74. external a. 外部的,外表的,外面的
75. petrol n. 汽油
76. petroleum n. 石油
77. delay vt./n. 推迟,延误,耽搁
78. decay vi. 腐烂,腐朽
79. decent a. 像样的,体面的
80. route n. 路;路线;航线
81. ruin v. 毁坏,破坏 n. 毁灭,[pl.]废墟
82. sake n. 缘故,理由
83. satellite n. 卫星
84. scale n. 大小,规模;等级;刻度
85. temple n. 庙宇
86. tedious a. 乏味道,单调的,
87. tend vi.易于,趋向
88. tendency n.趋向,趋势
89. ultimate a. 最大的,最终的 n. 极端
90. undergo v. 经历,遭受
91. abundant a. 丰富的,充裕的,大量的
92. adopt v. 收养;采用;采纳
93. adapt vi. 适应,改编,改写 vt. 使适应
94. bachelor n. 学士,学士学位;单身汉
95. casual a. 偶然的,;临时的;非正式的
96. trap n. 陷阱,圈套 v. 设陷阱捕捉
97. vacant a. 空的,未占用的
98. vacuum n. 真空,真空吸尘器
99. oral a. 口头的,口述的,口的
100. optics n. (单、复数同形)光学
高中英语语法-高中英语语法讲义6
高中英语语法讲义6
101. organ n. 器官,风琴
102. excess n. 过分,过量,过剩
103. expel v. 驱逐,开除,赶出
104. expend v. 消费
105. expenditure n. 支出,消费;经费
106. expense n. 开销,费用
107. expensive a. 花钱多的;价格高贵的
108. expand v. 扩大,扩张;展开,膨胀
109. expansion n. 扩大,扩充;发展,膨胀
110. private a. 私人的,个人的
111. individual a. 个别的,单独的 n. 个人,个体
112. personal a. 个人的,私人的;亲自的
114. personnel [总称]人员员工人事部门
115. the Pacific Ocean 太平洋
116. the Atlantic Ocean 大西洋
117. the Arctic Ocean 北冰洋
118. the Antarctic Ocean 南冰洋
119. grant vt. 授予,同意,准予
119. grand a. 宏伟大,壮丽的,重大的
120. invade v. 侵入,侵略,侵袭
121. acid n. 酸,酸性物质 a. 酸的;尖刻的
122. acknowledge v. 承认;致谢
123. balcony n. 阳台
124. calculate vt. 计算,核算
125. calendar n. 日历,月历
126. optimistic a. 乐观
127. optional a. 可以任选的,非强制的
128. outstanding a. 杰出的,突出的,显着的
129. export n. 出口(物) v. 出口,输出
130. import n. 进口(物) v. 进口,输入
131. impose vt. 把...加强(on);采用,利用
132. religion n. 宗教,宗教信仰
133. religious a. 宗教的
134. victim n. 牺牲品,受害者
135. video n. 电视,视频 a. 电视的,录像的
136. videotape n. 录像磁带
v. 把...录在录像带上
137. offend v. 冒犯,触犯
138. bother v. 打搅,麻烦
139. interfere v. 干涉,干扰,妨碍
140. internal a. 内部的,国内的
141. beforehand ad. 预先,事先
142. racial a. 人种的种族的
143. radiation n. 放射物,辐射
144. radical a.根本的;激进的
145. range n. 幅度,范围
v. (在某范围内)变动
146. wonder n. 惊奇,奇迹
v. 想知道,对...感到疑惑
147. isolate vt. 使隔离,使孤立
148. issue n. 问题,争论点;
发行,(报刊)一期
149. hollow a. 空的,中空的,空虚道
150. hook n. 钩 vt. 钩住
151. adequate a. 适当地;足够
152. adhere vi. 粘附,附着;遵守,坚持
153. ban vt. 取缔,禁止
154. capture vt. 俘虏,捕获
155. valid a. 有效的,有根据的;正当的
156. valley n. 山谷,峡谷
157. consistent a. 坚固定 一致的
158. continuous a. 继续的,连续(不断)
159. continual a. 不断地,频繁的
160. explode v. 爆炸;爆发;激增
161. exploit v. 剥削;利用,开采
162. explore v. 勘探
163. explosion n. 爆炸;爆发;激增
164. explosive a. 爆炸的;极易引起争论的
165. remote a. 遥远的,偏僻的
166. removal n. 除去,消除
167. render vt. 使得,致使
167. render vt.呈递, 归还, 着色, 汇报, 致使, 放弃, 表演, 实施vi.给予补偿n.交纳, 粉刷, 打底
168. precaution n. 预防,防备,警惕
169. idle a. 懒散的,无所事事的
170. identify vt. 认出,鉴定
171. identify n. 身份;个性,特性
172. poverty n. 贫穷
173. resistant a. (to)抵抗的,
抗...的,耐...的
174. resolve vt. 解决;决定,决意
175. barrel n. 桶
176. bargain n. 便宜货 vi. 讨价还价
177. coarse a. 粗的,粗糙的,粗劣的
178. coach n. 教练;长途公共汽车
179. code n. 准则,法规,密码
180. coil n. 线圈 v. 卷,盘绕
181. adult n. 成年人
182. advertise v. 为...做广告
183. advertisement n. 广告
184. agency n. 代理商,经销商
185. focus v. (使)聚集
n. 焦点,中心,聚焦
186. forbid vt. 不许,禁止
187. debate n./v. 辩论,争论
188. debt n. 欠债
189. decade n. 十年
190. enclose vt. 围住;把...装入信封
191. encounter vt./n. 遭遇,遭到
192. globe n. 地球,世界;地球仪
193. global a. 全球的;总的
194. scan vt. 细看;扫描;浏览
195. scandal n. 丑事,丑闻
196. significance n. 意义;重要性
197. subsequent a. 随后的,后来的
198. virtue n. 美德,优点
199. virtual a. 实际上的,事实上的
200. orient vt. 使适应
(to,toward)使朝向 n. 东方
篇5：新东方在线 4+1 网络课堂电子版教材4+1 口语句型
第一单元 Getting to Know Each Other
一、经典句型
1. Hello，Dave.
2. Good afternoon，everyone.
3. Excuse me. Are you Professor Johnson？
4. I'm Karl Smith. This is Mr. Dai.
5. May I have your name，please？
6. How do you do？
7. Nice to meet you！
8. Let me introduce Linda to you！
9. What do you do？
10. How are you this evening？
11. I'm fine. Thank you. How are you doing？
12. Hi，Jenny. What's up？
13. Are you from the U.S.？
14. Are you going to Toronto，too？
15. How was your flight？
16. Good morning，Mr. Johnson. Did you sleep well？
17. Nice talking to you.
18. Have a good day！
19. Keep in touch.
20. See you around.
二、佳句赏析
Visiting Friends
1．情景会话
(David Smith and his wife，Joanna，go visiting Travis Johnson，S&S's General Man
ager and his wife，Betty.)
Travis： Welcome！ David，we're so glad you could make it.
David： Thank you for inviting us. Uh，Travis，this is my wife，Joanna. .
Joanna： How do you do？ I've heard a lot about you.
Travis： How do you do？ Oh，and this is my wife，Betty.
Betty： So happyto meet you both.─sit down，just make yourself at home.
D&J： Thank you.
Joanna：What a lovely house！Did you make it yourself，Mrs. Johnson？
Betty ： Oh， call me Beth. Yes， I did the decorating…if you can call it that. Actually， I just tried to make it as simple as possible. I don't like a lot of frills.
Jonna： Oh，me，the same！ That's why I think it's so beautiful
2．对话要点分析
1.) David，we're so glad you could make it.
We're so glad you could make it. 意思是：We're so glad you could finally come.
Did you make it yourself意思是 Did you decorate it yourself？
I just tried to make it as simple as possible意思是 I just tried to decorate it as simple as possible
“make”在口语中表达意思和应用功能很多，大家要特别注意积累与它相关的习语和句型。
2.) I've heard a lot about you.
初次见面，当然要说一些客套话，中文里的“久仰大名” ，在英语口语中就变为了 I've heard
a lot about you.或者是 I've often heard about you.
3.) So happy to meet you both.
如果初次和两个人见面，就可以在句末加上 both.如果是两个人以上，可以说
Nice to meet you all.
4.) Just make yourself at home.
客人来访，通常要说“请别拘束” ，那么英语就是用以上这个句子。
5.) What a lovely house！
这是客套话，类似的还有 What a lovely car! What a nice garden! What a cute child!
6.) Call me Beth.
即使刚认识，美国人也更加愿意让对方叫自己的名字，而非姓氏，这样会显得彼此的关系更
加亲密些。
Meeting for the first time
1．情景会话
(David goes to the airport to meet Joanna's uncle， Dr. Johnson. This is the first time they
meet. )
Dave： Excuse me，are you Dr. Smith？
Dr. Smith： Yes I am. And you...
Dave： I'm David，Joanna's husband. She has to be at work late today. Soshe asked me
to pick you up here.
Dr. Smith： So nice to meet you，David. Call me Bill. It's very nice of you to come here.
David： My pleasure....
2．对话要点分析
1.) Excuse me，are you Dr. Smith？
Excuse me 这个短句可以引起别人的注意，也让自己的问话显得更加礼貌。
2.) She asked me to pick you up here.
Pick sb. up 是非常口语化的说法，即“去接某人” 。
3.) My pleasure.
在正式场合，当别人对你表达谢意时，可以说 My pleasure,即“ （为您效劳）是我的荣幸” 。
Introducing People
1．介绍认识
Alice： Mary，this is Joe's brother David.
Mary： I'm very glad to meet you.
Carl： It's a pleasure to meet you.
Mary： How do you like Texas so far？
Carl： It's really different from what I expected.
Mary： Don't worry. You'll get used to it in no time.
2．对话要点分析
1.) I'm very glad to meet you. It's a pleasure to meet you.
自己被介绍时，以上两句都可以表达对对方的敬意。
2.) How do you like Texas so far？
意思是“到目前为止，你对德克萨斯印象如何？”询问对当地的印象，也是北美人初次认识
时经常谈到的话题之一。
类似的问法还有：
What's your impression of the United States？
What do you think of Dallas？
Meeting Again
1．重逢
Paul：Julie，is that you？
Julie：Yes. And you're Paul，right？Paul Hill？
Paul：Yes，it's me. And you're Julie Ashley. How are you？
Julie：I'm fine. After ten years，you still look great！
Paul：So do you！How are you doing？
Julie：Not bad. Let's find a table and sit down. We have a lot to talk about.
Paul：Okay，let's sit over there.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) You still look great！
Great 在这里的意思就是“很棒” 。
2.) How are you doing？
这句话等同于 How are you? 但回答稍有不同，一般可以回答 Not bad. 或 I'm doing well.
Getting to know people
1．认识人
Donna： Hi. Sorry I'm late.
Bill： Oh， that's OK. We just got here. Donna， this is my fiancé， Mary. Mary， this is my
old friend，Donna. We went to school together.
Mary： Hi，Donna. I'm really glad to meet you.
Donna： Hi，Mary. I've heard a lot about you.
Mary： All good，I hope!
Bill： Donna just got back from California.
Mary： Really? How was it?
Donna： It was fantastic.
Bill： You went with your brother，didn't you？
Donna： Yeah.We saw a lot of California，that's for sure!
Mary： I heard you like golf.
Donna： I love it! We played six different golf courses. Do you play？
Mary： I sure do! How about a game this weekend？
Bill： Uh-oh. I was afraid of this.
2．对话要点分析：
Really？ How was it？
这里的 Really?其实是表达轻微的惊讶，How is sth.? 则是问某物如何的句型。
三、时尚美语
1. “Yo, Dave!”
2. Hey, man.
3. What up, what up!
4. Later!
5. Call me!
6. Nice chatting with you!
7. Howdy!
8. Pleasure.
9. Catch you later!
10. Enjoy!
11. Hey, brother.
12. Hey, dog.
13. What up, girl.
14. Talk to you.
15. see, yeah!
四，举一反三
1. Hello. Good morning！
嗨！下午好！
晚安！
2. Hi，How are you doing？
身体还好吗？
一切都好吗？
最近过的怎么样？
希望能很快再见面。
13. I haven't seen you for ages.
好久不见。
你最近怎么样？
你最近忙什么呢？
17. Excuse me. Don't I know you from somewhere？
请问，我们以前见过吗？
我好像在哪儿见过你，是吗？
我们一起上过英语课吧？
你曾经在新东方上过课吧？
有问有答：
11. A： ？
B： No，I'm not Dr. Brown. Dr. Brown is over there.
12. A： ，
Mr. Johnson is the marketing director in this company.
B： .
13. A： What's your name？
B： .
14. A： .
B： My name is Jenny Brown. Please call me Jenny.
30. A：Hello. Allow me to introduce myself. I'm your neighbor. My name is Linda.
B：Hi， . Nice to meet you.
A： .
33. A： Happy New Year！
B： .
A： ？
B： I've been invited over to a friend’s. And you？
A： My roommate’s having a party.
34. A： Wendy，I'd like you to meet my brother Sam.
B： Hi.
C： .
B： ？
C： Well，I'm still feeling a little homesick and so many things seem strange to me.
B： You're bound to feel that way at first，I guess.
35. A： Have a nice weekend！
B： .
A： ？
B： Well，my family's away and I can't afford to do much. What about you？
A： .
五、身临其境
1.Greetings 打招呼
Dave： Bill!
Bill： ，Dave.
Dave： How are you doing？
Bill： . This is my sister，Jenny
Dave： ，Jenny.
Jenny： ，Dave.
Jenny：Look! Is that Mr. Robinson?
Bill： Yes. Mr. Robinson! Mr. Robinson!
Mr. Robinson： Bill! Good morning. How are you？
Bill： . So nice to see you here. This is my friend，David. David，this is Mr.
Robinson. Mr. Robinson is an old friend of my family.
David： .
Mr. Robinson： ，Dave
...
3.Getting to know each other
Patty： Hello.
Ray： Hello. I'm Ray.
Patty： I'm Patty. Where are you from，Ray？
Ray： Here ... London，England! ?
Patty： I'm Australian.
Ray： ?
Patty：I'm a designer. And before you ask， I live in London， I'm twenty-three and I'm not married.
Ray： Oh ... er ... well ... I ...
Mike：Hey，Ray. Hello.
Ray：Mike. Hello. Good to see you. Mike， this is Patty. She's a designer from Australia， she lives
in London，she's twenty-five ...
Patty： Twenty-three.
Ray： Twenty-three，and .
Mike： .
Patty： Pleased to meet you，Mike ... Oh look! There's Sam. Sam，Sam ... over here.
Sam： Oh，hi，Patty! What's going on here？
Patty： Sam. .
Sam： Hi.
Ray： Pleased to meet you.
Mike： Hello.
Patty： But we don't know anything about Ray，do we？ What do you do Ray？
Ray： Well，it's a bit difficult to explain ...
第二单元 Speaking in a Polite Way
一、经典句型
1. You look great today.
2. You're welcome.
3. I'm sorry, it was all my fault.
4. It doesn't matter.
5. May I help you？
6. Will you do me a favor？
7.You've been really helpful.
8. Do you mind my smoking？
9. I'd appreciate if you could turn down the radio a little bit.
10. Call me up sometime，OK？
11. I'm sorry to hear that.
12. May I bother you for a moment？
13. Will you excuse us for a while？
14. Wouldn't you like some coffee？
15. I'd rather have some tea，if you don't mind.
16. I was wondering what your opinion of ...is
17. Don't you want to go see a movie？
18. Would you like to join us？
19. I'd love to. But I'll have to go to the library tonight.
20. I hate to say this, but I really have to make a complaint.
1．You look great today.
这是一句称赞别人的话，在实际应用时，这类句子又有打招呼的效果。赞美和鼓励是西方生
活文化的重要方面，几乎所有的年轻女性都被称为：pretty girl/pretty woman; 即使你不算漂
亮， 人们也会夸赞你nice， kind， cute...要是你换了新发型， 朋友见到你就会讲You look great today！ 这类的句型。 即使你的变化并不是让你更美， 他们也会说： You look different！ 总之，老美老是能够想出办法赞美你。注意：当别人夸赞自己的时候，千万别忘了感谢人家的好意，说声：Thank you， 而不能一味的说No，no， no，更不要问 where, where。
举例：
A： Hi， Melissa. You gotta hair cut？ You look so different！
B： Thanks.
A： You look so pretty today！
B： Thanks，you look great，too.
2．You're welcome.
外国人在得到别人感谢的时候，一般会说 You are welcome，
表示“不用谢，我很乐意帮你的忙” 。在澳大利亚，人们也常用：
It's ok. 这一句型来回应。
3．I'm sorry， it's all my fault.
Sorry 一词在英语国家很常用，在北美，道歉不一定非要说 Sorry；同样，Sorry 也不一定表示道歉。 例如， 有时 Sorry可以用来引起别人的注意。 这时， Sorry的用法相当于 Excuse me。特别是在北美，Sorry经常被用来代替 Excuse me。当用疑问语气说 Sorry这个词的时候，一般时表示“我没听清，请再说一遍”的意思。表示歉意的程度一般有很多因素决定。比如，场合有多正式？双方的关系如何？当然，最重要的还是要看你犯的错误到底有多严重。错误越严重，相应的道歉也就应该越郑重。正式的道歉一般包括四个部分：
a) 首先用正式的语言表达歉意。可以直接说“I'm sorry” ，也可以说
I didn't mean to ...” ；
I'm awfully sorry.
That was entirely my fault.
I do apologize.
b) 解释一下这个错误是如何造成的；
It was really careless of me.
How clumsy of me！
I'm afraid I overslept.
c) 提出将采用何种方法来弥补这个错误；
d) 保证下次不会再发生类似的错误；
Such things will never happen again.
I will be more careful next time.
Of course, I will do a better job.
I'm sorry, it was all my fault.
非常抱歉，我没想到会这样。
太对不起了，我并不是故意想伤害你。
我要郑重向你道歉，你能接受吗？
4．It doesn't matter
一般情况下，别人道歉后，接受道歉的人都应该用礼貌的方式来表示原谅。
例如：Oh well, never mind.
It's nothing.等等。
举例:
A: I'm terribly sorry, Carla.
B: What's happened, Rob?
A: I'm afraid I've broken a glass.
B: It doesn't matter. I can get another one.
A: I'm awfully sorry, but I seem to have mislaid your scarf.
B: Oh, don't worry about that.
A: I just don't know what to say. I'll replace it, of course.
B: No, that's quite out of the question.
That's all right.
我不介意。
没关系。
5．May I help you？
这样的句型经常出自服务行业的人员：餐厅、饭店、商场等工作人员看到客人的时候，总会 在适当的时候问出：May I help you？这类的句型。
举例：
A： Good morning. May I help you？
B： I'd like to buy a pair of leather shoes.
A： Good afternoon. China World Hotel. Can I help you？
B： May I speak to Joanna Johnson？
6．Do you mind my smoking？
Do you mind my smoking?
I'd appreciate if you could turn down the radio a little bit.
这两个句子用来向别人提出询问和要求， 大家可以看出来，当你想做的事情可能会给别人带来不便时，说话应该比较婉转客气，以表示你对他人的尊重。要注意，对 Do you/will you/would you mind+doing这个句型，如果你不同意对方，你应该回答 I'm afraid yes.如果你同意对方，直接回答：No， not at all. / Not at all， please / go ahead， please 。
7．I'd appreciate if you could turn down the radio a little bit.
这句通过 “appreciate” 和 if 引导的从句来使得语气更委婉，容易让人接受。
举一个例子，如果前面有人挡住了你的视线，你可以这样表达：
Do you / will you / would you mind move aside a little bit？
你也可以这样表达：I'd appreciate if you could move aside a little bit.
举例：
A： You mind my opening the window？
B： Not at all.
A： Is it possible you turn down the radio a little bit？ I'd appreciate.
B： Sure.
8. I'm sorry to hear that.
在听到不幸的消息时，这是人们常用的一种表达方法，表示对别人不幸遭遇的同情。
例如别人说： When I was 6 years old， my father passed away. 那么听者就会回答： I'm sorry to hear that.
9. Will you excuse us for a while？
这句话看起来是要别人 excuse us，而实际上这是在向别人提出要求，请他回避，直白的意思就是：Leave us alone. Get out of my room/face，但是这样的语言十分直白，甚至有些粗鲁，只能和家人、朋友使用，或者是你在任性、发脾气时。例：
Will you excuse us for a while？ I want to have a personal conversation withJoanna.
10. I'd love to. But I'll have to go to the library tonight.
大家注意，这是一个典型的拒绝别人邀请的句型。先注意前半部分，一般都会认为是肯定回答的标志，但是再看后半部分，出现 But 并跟了一个完美的理由。一般在拒绝别人之前，并不直接回答 No，总是先对邀请虚伪地表达一下感激或赞赏，然后提出拒绝他人的合理理由。如果是接受邀请，则通常会用“Sure” ， “Of Course” ． “Why not”？等直接的肯定方式。
11. I hate to say this, but I really have to make a complaint？
在英语国家，人们不大愿意向其他人表示抱怨，当然更没有人愿意听到别人的抱怨。因此， 当他们提出抱怨的时候，他们常常使用一种表示抱歉的口吻。常用礼貌用语的句型语汇总结：
感谢他人
Thank you so much！
Thanks a million / Thanks a lot.
I feel/am very grateful (for your help.)
I'd appreciate.
回答
You are welcome.
Don't mention it.
My pleasure.
向人道歉
I'm sorry, it was all my fault.
Excuse me for ...
I really am so sorry.
I'm awfully sorry. I didn't realize.
I'm sorry. I didn't mean to hurt your feeling.
I'm terribly sorry about...
I'm very sorry for...
It was most careless of me.
It was really quite unintentional.
It was most careless of me.
It was wrong of me.
I really feel bad about...
How clumsy of me to...
I apologize for...
I can't tell you how sorry I am.
I do apologize about that.
I beg you pardon.
I hope you will pardon me for...
I must apologize ...
I'm extremely sorry.
May I offer you my sincere apologies for ...？
Please forgive me for...
I've got to apologize for...
回答
It doesn't matter at all.
It's not your fault.
It's nothing.
Never mind.
It's all right.
Please don't worry.
I quite understand.
Don't let it worry you.
Don't think any more about it.
Not to worry.
Forget it.
Please don't feel bad about it.
Please don't blame yourself.
There's no need for you to worry.
There's no reason to apologize.
It's really not necessary.
请求帮助
Will you do me a favor？
Can you help me？
Will you give me a hand？
Please do me a favor.
Do me a favor and ..., will you？
Could/would you do ...，please？
Do you think you could do...？
表示愿意帮忙
Yes, of course.
Sure!
No problem
All right.
婉转地表示不能提供帮助
I'm afraid I can't...
I really/do wish I could help you, but I'm afraid...
I'd like to help, but I'm afraid...
I'd love to help, only...
提出要求
May I smoke here？
May I bother you a moment？
Do you mind / would you mind my smoking here？
Do you think you could possibly lend me 50p？
Would you mind taking a photo of me？
Would you care / mind if I smoke here？
Will you excuse us for a while？
Would you / will you please pass me that cake？
Excuse me miss, could we have a table over there？(注意这是一句向餐厅服务员提出要求坐在
某处的问句。回答可能会是： I'm sorry, we're closing that section.)
I wonder if you could possibly do ...？
Would you mind doing...？
提出建议、发出邀请
What do you want?
You want some Coffee?
Would you like some coffee?
Wouldn't you like some coffee?
Wouldn't you like to go out for a walk?
Why not go out for a walk?
表达意愿
I want to have some Cola.
I'd like to have some orange juice.
I'd loveto go to a concert.
I prefer to see a movie.
I'd rather stay at home.
I'd rather not go out.
不同意或者拒绝别人的做法、建议、要求、邀请，提出自己的意见、要求
I'd appreciate if you turn down the radio a little bit.
I'd rather have some tea if you don't mind.
I prefer some tea if it's convenient.
I'd love to. But I am very busy tonight.
That's a good idea. But I'm afraid I have to work late.
询问对方的个人情况
Can you tell me something about yourself？
May/Can I ask you a few questions？
Could you possibly answer a few questions？
Do you mind if I ask you a few questions？
I hope you don't mind， but I was wondering if you could tell me...？
I wonder if you mind my asking...？
So, tell me about yourself?
询问对方的意见
What's your opinion of...?
What do you think of...?
How do you feel about...?
I was wondering what your opinion of ... is?
What about ...?
表达个人观点
As far as I'm concerned...
In my opinion,...
From my point of view...
Personally, I think...
It would seem to me that...
As far as I' m able to judge, ...
As I see it,...
Frankly, I think...
表示同意对方的观点
I'd go along with you there/on that.
Valid point.
Yes, I'd tend to agree with you there/on that.
I couldn't agree more!
I'm with you there/on that.
婉转地表示不同意对方的观点
Do you really think so?
I'm not really sure I would agree/go along with you there/on that.
I wouldn't agree.
I can't accept that.
婉转地表示对某事不满
I hate to say this, but I really have to make a complaint
Excuse me. I'd like to make a complaint
礼貌地回答（肯定/否定）
肯定回答：
Certainly.
I'd be glad to.
I'd love to.
Sure/OK.
Well， if I can.
Well， of course.
By all means.
Not at all.
否定回答：
I'd like to， but I don't have time.
I'm sorry， I'm busy now.
No， I'm afraid I can't.
No，that's okay.
二、佳句欣赏
Asking for a lift 搭便车
1．情景会话
A：Could you do me a favor？
B：What is it？
A：Could you possibly give me a lift home？
B：All right.
A：Are you sure？ I don't want to inconvenience you.
B：No problem. I'd be happy to.
A：Thanks. I really appreciate it. Thanks so much.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Could you do me a favor？
这句话的意思是“能帮我一把吗？”
2.) All right.
这是一种比较友善的说法，表示“可以的，没问题” 。
3.) I really appreciate it.
当别人帮里你一个大忙，你当然要说“我非常感激你” ，这时就可以用上这个句子。
Picking up things 捎点东西
1．情景会话
A：Could you do me a favor？
B：Sure. What is it？
A：Could you run over to the store？We need a few things.
B：All right. What do you want me to get？
A：Well，could you pick up some sugar？
B：Okay. How much？
A：A small bag. I guess we also need a few oranges.
B：How many？
A：Oh，let's see. . . About six.
B：Anything else？
A：Yes. We're out of milk.
B：Okay. How much do you want me to get？A gallon？
A：No. I think a half gallon will be enough.
B：Is that all？
A：I think so. Have you got all that？
B：Yes. That's small bag of sugar，four oranges，and a half gallon of milk.
A：Do you have enough money？
B：I think so.
A：Thanks very much. I appreciate it.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Could you run over to the store？
Run over to 是口语化的说法，相当如 go to.
2.) Could you pick up some sugar？
Pick up sth. 就是顺便捎带些东西
例如：I'll pick up cakes for my grandma this afternoon.
3.) We're out of milk.
Be out of sth. 是指“快没有…了” 。
比如 ：I am out of money.
We are out of rice and wheat.
Shopping 购物
1．情景会话
A：Excuse me. Could you help me？
B：Certainly. What can I do for you？
A：I'm looking for a leather belt for my husband.
B：Do you know what size he wears？
A：Size 36. . . I think.
B：And what color would you like？
A：Dark brown，if you have it.
B： Okay. Let's see. . . a size 36 dark brown leather belt. Oh， yes. Here we are. Do you
think your husband will like this one？
A：Yes. I'm sure he will. I'll take it.
B：Will this be cash or charge？
A：Do you take Master Card？
B：No，I'm afraid not. We only accept our own store credit card.
A：Oh. In that case，I'll pay cash.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Could you help me？
注意不要把这句话和 May I help you? 混淆了。
2.) What can I do for you？
这句话就相当于 May I help you?
3.) Dark brown
在颜色的词语前加上 dark,表示“深色的” ，darkbrown 是“深棕色” 。Light 则是表“浅色的” ，如 light yellow是“淡黄色” 。
4.) Will this be cash or charge？
Charge是指用信用卡来支付费用。
5.) In that case
如果是那样，in any case 则是“无论如何” 。
获奖致谢词
1．情景会话
I'm very grateful to receive this award for “Best Actress. ”
I can't begin to tell you how much I appreciate this honor.
There are many people I'd like to thank. First of all，I want to thank my parents for bringing
me into this world. I also want to express my gratitude to all of my teachers over the years，but
especially to my acting teacher，Vincent Lewis，who taught me everything I know.
And finally，I want to express my appreciation to all of my friends for their support，especially to Katherine Miller， for being there when I needed her.This award means a great deal to me. Words can't express how honored I feel at this moment. Thank you very much.
2．对话要点分析：
1.） I'm very grateful to ...
I want to thank ...
Ialso want to express my gratitude to ...
I want to express my appreciation to ...
这四个句型，都用于在正式场合表达自己的感激之情。
三、举一反三
5．What do you want？
想喝点什么？
喜欢吃点什么？
6．I'd rather have some tea， if you don't mind.
我更想喝点咖啡，如果不麻烦的话。
我不想出去，我宁愿呆在家里。
如果可以的话，我想同贵公司的总裁谈话。
7．Do you mind my smoking here？
如果我抽烟，您会介意吗？
我可以打开窗子吗？
可以打搅一下吗？
您介意我把声音开大一点吗？
可以打搅一下吗？
8．Do me a favor please？
帮个小忙可以吗？
帮我搭把手？
可以帮帮忙吗？
9．I'd appreciate if you could turn down the radio a little bit.
如果可以的话，请您将您的帽子摘下来。
请各位在演出期间关闭各位的手提电话。
10．I'm afraid I can't go with you.
我很愿意帮助你，可是我晚上还有一堂课。
我非常想帮你的忙，不过这几天实在是抽不开身。
11．A： Pardon me. Can I ask you a question？
B： Certainly.
A： Can I park my car here？
B： Yes， you can.
A： Thanks.
A： 对不起，能打扰一下吗？
B： 没问题，说吧。
A： 我能在这儿抽烟吗？
B： 对不起，不过我想这儿不能吸烟。
A： 哦，好的。谢谢。
12．A：Could I ask you to make three copies for me？
B：Three copies？Okay.
A：Thanks.
B：You're welcome.
A：你介意再帮我拿几个干净杯子吗？
B：几个干净杯子？没问题？
A：谢谢！
B：没关系！
13．Excuse me. I'm sorry to bother you. Could you possibly tell me if there's a post office
nearby？
对不起，打扰一下。您能告诉我他们什么时候来收垃圾吗？
借光，问件事儿。请问你能告诉我这附近哪儿能买到汉堡？
有问有答：
1. A： ？
B： I want a cup of coffee.
2. A： What would you like to eat， John？
B： .
5．A： Which one would you like-this one or that one？
B： .
6．A： Your sweater is really beautiful.
B： .
7．A： You've been really helpful. Thank you so much.
B： .
8．A：The box is very heavy. Will you give me a hand？
B： .
9．A： Wouldn't you like some ice cream.
B： ， I'm on a diet.
10．A： Do you mind my smoking here？
B： .
13．A： ？
B： Yes， I'd like to buy a pair of shoes， leather shoes.
17．A： You're late again！
B： . I'm afraid I overslept.
18． A： being late this morning. My alarm never went off.
B：I see.
20．A： ?
B：Yes, of course, here it is.
21．A：I wonder if you could lend me your pen?
B： .I'm using it now.
23．A：I'm sorry to have kept you waiting.
B： .
24．A：Excuse me for interrupting.
B： .
What can I do for you？
28．A： So this is your new flat？
B： Yes.
A： Oh, what an ugly color！ Who painted it？
B： I did.
A： . I didn't realize.
四、身临其境
1. Lend a hand 帮忙
A：Would you like me to help you move that desk？
B：不用了，谢谢。我自己可以搬得动。
A：Oh，come on！Let me give you a hand. There's no sense in your moving it yourself if I'm here
to help.
B：你真是太好心了，但是…
A：Look！ I insist！ You're not moving that desk by yourself.
B：Well，okay. But I really don't want to trouble you.
A：No trouble at all！ Honestly！ 我很乐意帮你一把。
A：Excuse me. Could you help me for a minute？
B： 当然，什么事儿？
A： Could you tell me how to transfer a call？
B： Sure. Press the red button. 然后拨另一个办公室，再挂断。
A： I see. First， I press the red button. Then， I dial the other office and hang up. Right？
B： 对，就这样。
A： Thank you.
B： 不用谢。
A：我能帮你吗？
B：Yes，I'd like a steak.
A：How would you like it？
B：中等熟的。
A：Okay. And would you prefer a baked potato or rice with that？
B：我要一个烤土豆。
A：Anything to drink？
B：那么给我来杯咖啡吧。
A：Okay. That's a medium raresteak with a baked potato and a cup of coffee.
A： Can I help you take out the garbage？
B： No. That's okay. 我自己能行。
A： Please. Let me help you.
B： 那好吧，如果你不介意的话。
A： No，not at all.
B： 非常感谢。
2. Visiting the patient 看望病人
A： Hello, Paul. 你好些了吗？
B： Oh, not too bad.
A： 我给你带了些巧克力来。
B： Oh ... um... the doctor said I couldn't eat anything sweet.
A： 哦，对不起，我没想到。
B： It doesn't matter. You didn't know.
3. Getting sth. to eat 吃点东西
Tim： Tony has just brought us some refreshments.
Tony： Yes，there is plenty for everyone. ？
David：We are always hungry.
Tony： Let's see. . . you take cream in your coffe，Auntie Sundi？
Sundi：Just sugar. Thank you.
Tony： ？
Tim： Black coffee will be fine and one of those sandwiches. They look good！
Tony： What about you，Allen? You like hot chocolate or a glass of milk？
Allen： I'd like chocolate and one of those ice cream bars.
David：A Tab for me. I can drink milk at home. And some cookies would be fine. Thanks.
Tony： ？
David：No，thanks. We just had lunch.
Tony： Auntie Sundi？
Sundi：Thankyou，no. This is just good.
4. Returning the book 还书
A： Hello, John！ Come in.
B： Thank you. I've brought your book back, Mary.
A： Oh, thank you. Just put it on the table, will you？
B： Look, Mary, I'm sorry, .
A： Oh？
B： Yes, I spilt some coffee on it, I'mafraid. I really am sorry. It was terribly careless of me.
A： ! You seem to have spilt a whole pot of coffee on it. Oh well, these things happen.
B： I'll get you another copy.
A： Oh, no. .
B： But it does matter.
A： No, no, forget it. It's not important. I've read it anyway.
B： Well, if you are sure ...
A： Of course I am. Now let me get you some tea.
第三单元 Time is Golden
一、经典句型
1. What time is it?
2. Do you have the time?
3. You got a watch?
4. It's twenty to three.
5. It's a few minutes after 9.
6. I get up before 6：00 everyday.
7. Will you be here at ten o'clock tomorrow?
8. We won't be late, right? / We'll be on time, won't we?
9. It happened in 1978.
10. I can't remember the last time I saw you.
11. What day is today?
12. What's the date today？
13. I was born on February 23rd，1979.
14. China saw a great change in the late 1970s.
15. I went to San Francisco last month.
16. What's your time there？What time is it, over there?
17. It's October 1，our National Day.
18. I'd like to get away. / I'd like to take10 days off，starting next Thursday.
19. When do you clock in? / What time do you start work in the morning?
20. The restaurant doesn't open until 11：50.
1．What time is it？
Do you have the time？
You got a watch？
Can you tell me the correct time？
以上都是时间的询问句型。前面三句都是简洁、随便的问法，最后一句则比较客气。第二句
Do you have the time？有很多同学会误认为是：你有空吗？实际上“the time”是在问具体的
钟点。如果是“Do you have some time？”这个句型，则是在问对方是否有时间。另外，非
常口语化地问别人是否有空，经常是：Do you have a second / minute？有的时候，在我们想
同比较陌生的，攀谈的时候我们可以通过询问时间来开始接触。
It's twenty to three. = It's 2：40
叙述时间也大有学问，以下面的时间为例：
9：00 9：05 9：15 9：30
9：35 9：45
北美人最常用的表达方法为直接读数法， 基本原则为冒号前数字一读， 冒号后数字一读：
nine O'clock / nine O'clock sharp
nine o five
nine fifteen
nine thirty
nine thirty-five
nine forty-five
使用介词 past 和 to表达时间
nine O'clock
Five past nine
A quarter past nine / Fifteen past nine
Half past nine
Twenty five to ten
A quarter/ fifteen to ten
有的时候也用介词 before ，of
nine O'clock / nine hundred / nine sharp
Five of nine
fifteen of nine
thirty of nine
twenty- five before ten
fifteen before ten
It happened in 1978.
在表达具体年份时，基本原则是：两位一读，见到 0 的时候可以单独以 O 的发音读出。
以下面的年份为例：
1900 1905 1910 1938
1965 1990
nineteen hundred
nineteen o five
nineteen ten
nineteen thirty eight
nineteen sixty five
nineteen ninety
two thousand
What day is today？
What day was yesterday？
What day is tomorrow？
What's the date today？
What was the date yesterday？
What is the date tomorrow？
注意： What day is today？是问今天星期几。而What's the date today？则是问你今天几号了？
这一区别应熟记于心， 并在实际生活中能够做到灵活应用。不论回答星期或者具体的日期都使用句型 It be，注意如果是表达昨天的日期，用 It was ...，而明天则仍用 It's
I was born on February 23rd，1979.
想要对时间、日期的表达脱口而出，首先应对 1-100内的基数词、1-31内的序数词、一周中七天、一年中 12 个月的表达十分熟练。一周中七天的表达
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
一年中的 12个月
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
基数词 序数词
One First
Two Second
Three Third
Four Fourth
Five Fifth
Six Sixth
Seven Seventh
Eight Eighth
Nine Ninth
Ten Tenth
Eleven Eleventh
Twelve Twelfth
Thirteen Thirteenth
Fourteen Fourteenth
Fifteen Fifteenth
Sixteen Sixteenth
Seventeen Seventeenth
Eighteen Eighteenth
Nineteen Nineteenth
Twenty twentieth
Twenty-one twenty-first
Twenty-two twenty-second
Twenty-three twenty-third
China saw a great change in the late 1970s.
除了以上所列举的内容，我们还要学会其它一些常用的表示时间的词和词组：
in the next century 下个世纪
in the early 1060s 20 世纪 60 年代初
in the late 1970s 20 世纪 70 年代末
during the early part of the 19th century 19 世纪初叶
countless centuries ago 几百年以前
in the forties and fifties of last century 上个世纪四五十年代
the latter 18th century 18 世纪后期
the mid-19th century 19 世纪中期
the latter part of the 15th century 15世纪后半叶
for about a third of a century 大约三分之一世纪的时间
half a year 半年
during the 114 years since 1861 自 1861 年以来的 114 年间
a common year平年
all the year round 一年到头
year book 年鉴，年刊
the solar year / calendar 阳历
the lunar year / calendar 阴历
leap year 闰年
late last year 去年底
the second half of 1999 年下半年
in the year of 2002 2002 年
during the late years of the Qing Dynasty 清朝末年
next day 翌日
every other day 隔日
in the following few days 随后几天
in a day or two 过一两天
in the early days of ... 在...期间
dawn 黎明
dusk 黄昏
twilight 薄暮
early morning 凌晨
late in the day 当天晚些时候
from 8：00 a. m. till 4：20 p. m. 从上午八点钟到下午四点二十分
2. What's your time there？
这个句型是问：你那里现在是几点钟？
这种问句是在我们想了解各地时差时常用的方式。我们还可以问 What's the difference
between your time and GMT. GMT = Greenwich Mean Time.格林威治标准时间
It's October 1，our National Day.
中国的节日想必大家都比较熟悉了。 现在把一些常用节日的英文翻译以及一些西方节日介绍如下：
农历新年： Chinese lunar New Year's Day.
春节： Spring festival
元旦： New Year's Day
灯节：the Lantern Festival
清明节：Clear and Bright Festival/ Tsingming Festival
端午节：Dragon Boat Festival
中秋节：Mid-autumn Festival
国际劳动妇女节：International Working Women's Day
国际劳动节：International Labor Day
国际儿童节：International Children's Day
国庆节： National Day.
独立日：Independence Day
加冕日，登基日：Coronation Day
耶稣蒙难日：Good Friday
复活节： Easter
万圣节前夜：Halloween
万圣节：All Saints' Day
圣诞节前夜：Christmas Eve
圣诞节：Christmas Day
What time do you start work in the morning？
你早上几点上班？
在英国等西方国家，人们的工作时间一般是每天七小时，一周五天工作制。一般上班时间为 9：00或者 9：30。
The restaurant doesn't open until 11：50.
这家饭店中午十一点才开门。
与此相关的几个单词：
-opening hours/opening times 一般是指商店、银行每天开业的时间。
与此相对的是 closing hours.关门时间。
-office hours 与 opening hours 略有不同。一般指公共机构、政府部门的办公时间。
-weekend hours 周末上班时间。西方很多商店，机构周末不营业、办公; 如果办公、营业，时间也会与周一到周五不同。
这里还要区分两个常用单词，weekdays and weekends。中文中没有与 weekdays 相对应的翻译。Weekdays 其实就是指周一到周五的这五天。
谈论时间的句子
It's two o'clock.
It's two o'clock sharp.
It's past ten. （刚过十点）
It's a little after eight.
It's almost eight.
It's later than 8：20 a.m.
It's long before seven.离七点还早呢。
It's not quite six.
It's not quite six.
It's something like 3：25.
It's a few minutes after two.
There're still ten minutes left.
It's a few minutes after two.
My watch if fast and your watch is slow.
I don't know what time it is.
I don't think it's four o'clock yet.
It must be about three thirty.
I get up before six o'clock every day.
The restaurant doesn't open until seven forty-five.
It's 7：00 by my watch.
My watch says 7：00.
My watch keeps very good time.
My watch goes a bit too slow.
My watch keeps stopping.
My watch has stopped.
I must have forgotten to wind it last night.
It loses/gains about two minutes a day.
Well， I'm afraid it's a bit slow/fast.
I've just set my watch by the radio time signal.
My clock has run down. It needs winding up.
That clock is always off.
询问时间的句型。
What time do you have？
Have you got the time？
What time is it now？
Excuse me. Can you tell me the correct time？
Can you tell me what time it is？
Do you know what time it is？
What's the time by your watch？
When is breakfast？
What's the hour？
Will you be here at 10：00 tomorrow？
Can that clock be right？
Is your watch right？
Does your watch keep good time.
It's the twenty-first century now.
Another century has rolled away / passed.
The twenty-first century opened.
This is the Nineteen Nineties.
表述年份
What year is this？
I know what year it is. This is Two Thousand and Two.
What year were you born in？
Where were Helen and Bill last year？
My wife and I will go to the United States next year.
It's years since we last met.
Where will you be at this time next year？
表达季节
The year is divided into four seasons： spring， summer， autumn and winter.
We are now at the end of the spring. (现在已经是暮春了。)
When winter comes， we're obliged to spend more time indoors because out doors is too cold.
The days get shorter and nights longer in autumn.
When summer comes， the weather gets warmer and sometimes it's very hot.
I'm glad winter is over.
表达月份
What month is this？
Where were you last April?
The spring months are March， April and May.
讲述日期
What's the date today？
Today is November first， nineteen sixty-three.
When were you born？
I was born on November first， nineteen thirty-five.
Today is my birthday.
My sister was born in nineteen thirty-eight.
I don't know the exact date.
Where were you born？
I was born in a little town not far from here.
What do you know about the tenth century？
I don't know anything about that.
Let's talk about something else.
Where were you during the month of April last year？
I don't remember where I was then.
I don't know the exact date.
There's a calendar on the desk. It shows Friday，the twenty-ninth.
How time flies! Tomorrow is Saturday already.
Next Friday is May 4th.
Where will you be next year at this time?
It's the fourth of April.
What day was the day before yesterday?
For which day?（哪一天）
二、佳句赏析
My watch is slow表慢了
1．情景会话
A： It's getting dark.
B： Yes， what time is it？ I don't have my watch with me.
A： It's ten minutes to five.
B： Perhaps your watch is slow.
A： Oh， it has stopped. I must have forgotten to wind it last night.
B： Let's ask Mary over there. Mary，have you got the time？
C： Yes，it's six twenty.
B： Is your watch right?
C： I think so. I set it by the radio this morning.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) It's ten minutes to five
即“现在是5 点差 10分” ，to 表示“不到、差” ，如 five to ten 就是“10 点差 5 分” 。
2.) Mary，have you got the time？
这句话相当于“你知道现在几点吗？”
3） Yes，it's six twenty.
即“现在是 6 点 20 分” ，这是最简便的时间表达方式，即先说小时，再说分钟，如 five
twenty-five 就是“5 点 25 分” 。
Waiting for a bus 等公车
1．情景会话
A： We've been waiting here for nearly ten minutes now，and there still isn't a bus in sight.
B： I'm afraid we'll be late for the party.
A： Have you got the time， Tom？
B： Yes，my watch says a quarter to seven.
A： You got the time？
B： No，there is something wrong with my watch！
A： But you bought it only last month.
B： Yes， but ever since I bought it， it gains about five minutes a day， so I've got to have it
repaired.
A： How long will it take us to get there？
B： I think about ten minutes by bus.
A： It's not far away， then. Let's walk， it's beginning to rain.
B： Wait！ I think I see a bus coming now. Let's hope it's the No. 22 bus.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Yes，my watch says a quarter to seven.
这是用 says 是较口语化说法。
2.) It gains about five minutes a day.
这里的意思是“每天都多快五分钟” 。
Telephone inquiry 电话问询
1．情景会话
A： Hello, this is Wal-mart. Can I help you？
B： Hello. What time do you close， please？
A： We close at 10：00 every day. And we open at 9：00 in the morning.
B： Oh. Ok. And are you open on the weekends？
A： Same hours as on the weekdays.
B： Wow. You guys never take a break！ I want to come in and have a look at your sale. Your
sale is still on， isn't it？
A： Yes， it runs till the end of the month. But things are clearing out fast.
B： Ok， I'll come down tonight. Thanks.
A： Thank you for calling.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Hello. What time do you close，please？
Close在本句作“关门” ，如果是形容词则是“接近的、亲密的” ，如His company is very close to mine. Jim is one of my close friends.
2.) And are you open on the weekends？
本句的 open是形容词，表示“开门” 。Weekend 前的介词一般用 on.
3.) Same hours as on the weekdays.
Weekday是指周一到周五。
4.) But things are clearing out fast.
在这个场景中，things 表示“东西、商品” ，clear out 是“被买走” 。
三、举一反三
1.What time is it？
现在 5 点 10分。
现在 6 点 48分。
现在凌晨 2点整。
9. What time does Mr. Brown get up？
Brown 早上几点吃早饭？
Brown 家的孩子早上几点出门？
Brown先生几点钟开始工作？
Brown先生晚上几点到家？
Brown夫妇晚上什么时候看新闻？
Susan上午第一节课几点开始？
Susan 中午几点吃午饭？
Susan晚上几点上床睡觉？
10.Mr. Brown gets up at seven o'clock.
Brown 一家八点吃早饭。
Brown 先生八点半出门。
Brown 先生九点准时开始工作。
Brown 先生中午一点吃午饭。
Brown 先生晚上七点才能到家。
Brown太太晚上六点开始准备晚饭。
Brown 夫妇晚上一般九点看新闻。
四、身临其境
5．Time for test 联系考试
A： Traffic Department.
B： Hello， I need to come in and take the test for my driver's license. 请问你们的服务时间是
多少？
A： 我们从早上 9点到下午三点，在这个时间段你都可以来。
B： And it isn't possible to do it on the weekend， is it？
A： No， I'm sorry. 周末我们休息。
A： Before I eat breakfast.
B： Yeah？ 我总是在吃完东西后才刷牙。
第四单元 I Lost My Way
一、经典句型
1. Where's the nearest post office？
2. Excuse me, sir.Where is the post office？
3. It takes 10 minutes to walk to the nearest bus stop.
4. How far is it to the New Oriental School？
5. It's a long way from here.
6. Go straight ahead along this road.
7. At the traffic light turn left.
8. You can't miss it！
9. It's a one-hour drive from home to the office.
10. Catch the Metropolitan to Liverpool Street and then change to the Central Line.
11. Which bus should I take to the Central Park？
12. Where should I get off for the Palace Museum?
13. Is this the way to Peking University？
14. The restaurant is just around the corner
15. It's two blocks ahead.
16. Turn left at the first corner.
17. At which traffic light should I turn left？
18. Excuse me，I lost my way，could you give me some information？
19. It's really hard to get there.
20. Could you tell me how to get the post office?
Where is the nearest post office？
这时一个典型的问路句型。我们知道，问路的最佳对象就是警察。对警察最合适的称呼是什 么呢？ 大家回忆以下第一章寒暄的内容，想起来吧，对了，我们通常称呼警察 Sir/ Madam。
在英美，所有的房屋都应该有一个门牌号码。如果你找某个门牌号有困难的话，除了询问警察，还可以询问邮递员。请注意，如果你只知道一家人的姓名及他们居住街道的路名时，你可以试着到公共图书馆或者警察局查问，它们会查阅“选民表”，也就是“Electoral Roll”。这个名单按照街道编排，包含了所有有选举权的人。另外，电话号码簿也是一个不错的信息来源。
类似的句型还有：
Where is the nearest post office？
Which way is it to the Century Theatre？
Is this the way to Peking University？
At which traffic light should I turn left？
It takes ten minutes to walk to the nearest bus stop.
这是一个典型的指路句型。指路句型初看似乎复杂，其实词汇和句式都十分固定。
It's a long way from here. / It's very near.
It will take you 10 minutes to walk there.
It's one-hour drive.
Go straight ahead along this road.
Turn left at the first corner/ intersection/ crossroad / traffic lights.
The restaurant is just around the corner.
You can't miss it！
You'll find it.
我们来看上面的句型基本涵盖了我们常用的指路句型，从这当中我们还可以找到一个用英文指路思路。
- 首先，要给对方一个总的交代句型：
It's a long way from here.
It's very near.
It's 1-hour drive.
给听者一个概念，对自己要找的地方有多远有准备.
- 接下来，具体指路
具体指路要做到明确而简单，在中文当中，我们有十字路口、丁字路口、三岔路口等等；在中文当中我们很喜欢用东西南北表示方向，在英文表达当中我们可以发现很多东西简化了。 英文当中的各种路口，大多数情况下简化成了 corner，有时侯十字路口用 intersection 或者 crossroad来表达;
英文指方向一般用东西南北比较少，简化用左右表达：
turn right
turn left
make a left turn
make a right turn
take a left turn
take a right turn
...
- 确认地点
习惯上给别人指明路线后，还要在给听者一个确认：
The restaurant is just around the corner.
The hotel is just across the road.
New oriental school is just by the World Hotel.
You can't miss it.
You will find it.
这样的句型说出来，让问路的人很放心.
It's one-hour drive from home to the office.
在你向别人问路时， 一般人都会比较热心地回答你。 而你提供给对方的信息也是越全面越好。而路人在给你指路的时候，也因其国家的不同，而有不同的习惯。在美国，人们比较习惯用“距离”告诉你路程的远近，比如: It two blocks away.而英国人更乐于告诉你还需要多长时间可以到达你的目的地，比如：It takes ten minutes to walk there. Turn left at the first corner.
Corner 指街道的拐角处。在这里介绍一下相关的几个词语：
1. cross 十字路口；
2. intersection交叉路口，一条或者多条路通过的路口；
3. fork 岔路，一条路分成两条或者多条。
问路 Asking the way：
Am I on the right road to ...?
Can you tell me where I can ... ?
Could you tell me where the train station is?
Could you tell me how to get to ...?
Pardon me， Can you tell me where ... is?
Excuse me. How can I get to ...， please?
Excuse me. I'm looking for ...
Excuse me. Could you tell me how to get to..?
Excuse me. Is this the right way to ...?
Excuse me. I'm trying to locate this address.
How far is ...， please?
Is it a long walk?
Sorry to trouble you， but could you please direct me to ...?
Where's ...， please?
Will it take me long to get there?
Would you mind telling me if this is the way to ...?
I wonder if you could tell me where ... is.
Excuse me， sir， but can you show me the way to ...?
Would you please show me the way to ...?
Would you mind showing me howto get to ...?
Pardon me， sir， would you be kind enough to tell me where the Post Office， please?
Which is the nearest way to ...?
Is this the right way to ...?
Excuse me. Would you please tell me whether I am on the right way to ...?
指路 Directing theway：
Go straight.
Go straight along this street to ...
Go straight ahead and turn right at the first corner.
Cut across ... and then turn ...
... is the first turning on the ...
Follow this road until you come to ...
Go this way about five minutes， then take the ... turning on the ...
Go straight along this street for about 300 yards.
I'll walk you to ... It's my route.
I'm afraid you're going in the opposite / wrong direction.
Keep straight along this street for two blocks.
Keep on going till you see a bigsignboard.
Just go straight down this street till you see a tall building.
Take the second turn on the right and then ask again.
Take a right at the 15th.
Turn round and take the second left.
Turn left at the first traffic light.
Turn right at the second crossing.
Turn right at the corner.
Walk until you get to the next traffic light. You can't miss it.
Walk a short distance.
Walk across the street and go around the corner.
Walk one block west.
Stay on this road until you get to ...
Just go along this roaduntil you come to a place where the road forks(到岔道口).
Take the road to your right.
You are going in the wrong direction. Come this way.
Take the No.7 bus to .... After you get off， walk back about a hundred yards or so.
就在那里
It's over there.
It's opposite the post office.
It's next to the department store.
It's on the third floor.
It's only a ten-minute walk from here.
It's just around the corner.
It is about fifty meters down the road on the left-hand side.
It's on the left-hand side of the street.
It's not too far.
It's within walking distance.
It's right in the middle of the block.
The place you want is only a few steps ahead on your left.
The school is just around the corner.
The restaurant is across the street from the hotel.
You can't miss it.
表示抱歉不能提供帮助
I'm sorry I'm also new here.
I'm sorry I'm a stranger here myself.
I'm sorry I have just arrived.
The policeman may be more helpful.
乘汽车
Excuse me， does this bus go to the ...?
Yes， it does.
Yes， this is the right bus.
Should I take the No. 12 bus to get to ...?
No. You'll have to take the No. 34 bus.
Excuse me， can I get to the ... by bus?
Yes， take the No. 23 bus.
Yes， but you will have to change buses at ...
Yes， but you will have to change from No 34 to No. 23 bus at ...
Yes， all the buses go past there.
Excuse me. Can you tell me where I can get the bus to ...?
Yes， it is over there across the street， near the Bakery.
Where shall I get off?
Can you tell me where to get off?
I'm sorry but I don't know where to get off.
Oh， will you tell me when we get there， please?
Don't worry. I will call you then.
You'll get off at...
乘地铁
A：Which way do I go for Queensway， please?
B：Take the Bakerloo to Paddington; the District to Notting Hill and then get the Central.(地铁的
中线)
A： Where do I go now?
B： Take the escalator on your right.
How do I get down to the trains?
How do I get to Lancaster Gate， please?
Which line do I take for Marble Arch， please?
Can you tell me the best way to get to Bond Street， please?
Catch the Metropolitan to Liverpool Street and then change to the Central Line.
That's easy; it's the next station down the Central Line.
You want the Victoria to Oxford Circus and then you change on to the Central.
Which platform do I want?
二、举一反三
2. Go straight ahead along this road.
沿这条马路一直北走
沿这条街一直南走
穿行马路，一直向前
3.At the traffic lights turn left.
下一个拐角向左
十字路口向北
第二个红绿灯再向右拐
6. The restaurant is just around the corner
新东方学校就在马路对面.
学校就在饭店旁边.
书店就在银行和食品店中间.
7. Am I on the right road to the hospital？
这条路是到邮局的吗？
这趟车是到动物园的吗？
这班地铁能到火车站吗？
8. Stay on this road until you get to the traffic light， then turn left.
沿着这条路一直走到十字路口，然后向右拐。
沿着河边一直向南走到那座小桥，然后向左拐过桥。
10. I'm afraid you are going in the wrong direction.
我觉得你正好走反了。
我认为去医院不是你走的这个方向
11. Excuse me. Can you tell me where the nearest post office is？
对不起，你能告诉我最近的公用电话在哪儿吗？
对不起，请问到火车站是这条路吗？
12. Yes， it's that way， about two blocks from here.
就在前面那家商店旁边。
不是你现在走的这条路，是那边往左拐的那条。
14. Can I get to the rail station on this bus？
这是从动物园到美术馆的车吗？
这到车是到市区的吗？
15. Is this where I get off？
请问我应该在哪儿下车？
下车后我应该转那趟车呢？
16. You'll have to transfer to a No.8 bus.
下车后在转乘 16 路无轨电车。
直接到不了，还得再转 1 路车。
你坐反了，应该到对面乘坐同一路车。
三、佳句欣赏
Looking for a phone booth 找电话亭
1．情景会话
Dave： Excuse me, madam，could you tell me where the nearest telephone booth is？
Police woman： Sure. It's very near. Go up the street for two blocks，then turn right. It's just by the Commercial bank.
Dave： I go up this street and I turn right at the second corner？
Police woman： Exactly，you can't miss it.
Dave： Thank you，madam
Police woman： Youare welcome.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Excuse me,madam，could you tell me where the nearest telephone booth is？
这是一个标准的问路句型，类似的还有 Could you tell me the way to …？
2.) Go up the street for two blocks，then turn right. It's just by the Commercial bank.
Block是 “街区” ， by在这里是 “在旁边” 的意思， 如 The supermarket is by the exhibition center.
3.) Exactly，you can't miss it.
Exactly表示确切的肯定， “确实如此” ，可以看作是 yes 的加强级。you can't miss it.表示你肯定会找的着。
Visiting the Museum 参观博物馆
1．情景会话
A： Excuse me. Is this the right way to the museum？
B： I'm afraid you're going in the opposite direction. Go back the way you came， and
take the second turn on the left. The museum is straight ahead， right in front of you.
A： Will it take me long to get there？
B： Well， it's about fifteen minutes' walk.
A： Which bus goes there？
B： You may take a No.34 bus. And the subway can also take you there.
A： Thank you very much.
B： My pleasure.
2．对话要点分析：
1） Is this the right way to the museum？
“去博物馆这么走对吗？”用的句型是 Is this the right way to …？
2） Well, it's about fifteen minutes' walk.
本句中 walk 作名词用，前面加上时间，表示步行需要的时间, 例如 It's twenty minutes' walk from my school to the department store.
3） You may take a No.34 bus. And the subway can also take you there.
“乘坐（交通工具） ”用动词 take, 比如 I'll take the plane to go to Hong Kong.
Subway 即地铁，在北美，很多城市都有地下铁路系统。乘坐地铁虽然方便快捷，但是在有些大城市，由于地铁系统非常庞大复杂，不熟悉的人很可能找不到应该坐哪趟车，这时就需要用到一些地铁问路方面的知识。其中最重要的就是要知道，在北美的一些大城市，地铁线都用字母或者数字来表示， 而人们则更习惯用一些相关的词来命名这些路线。例如，the Broadway Local（慢车），the 6th Avenue Express（快车）等等。
Getting to the Bank 去银行
A： 这附近有银行吗？
B： 对不起，我对这里也不熟悉。
C： You're looking for a bank？ 我知道不远处有一个。
A： Oh， thanks. 我怎么去呢？
C： 我带你去吧。It's on my route.
A： That's very kind of you.
C： Not at all.
4．The way to the Chemist's 去药房的路
A： Sorry to trouble you， 您能告诉我药房怎么去吗？
B： Well， 沿着这条路走，然后在第二个红绿灯右转。 It's on the corner. You can't miss it.
A： Can I take a bus？
B： No， not necessary. 走路就可以了。
A： Thanks a lot.
B： 不客气。
5、Taking a bus 坐公车
A： Does this bus go to Kennedy Town？
B： 是的，上车吧。
A： Here's five dollars. 车票多少钱？
B： Twenty cents. Haven't you any small change， sir？
A： Here it is. 大概多久能到？
B： About twenty minutes.
6、迷路了 I'm lost.
A： Excuse me. 您能告诉我如何才能到达地址上的这个地方吗？
B： I'm sorry， I don't know. I'm new around here.
A： (to C) 您能帮我吗？
B： Let me see. Hmm.我想你最好还是坐出租车吧。
A： Isn't there any other way？
C： Well， yes， 但你得换两次公车，然后还得再走一段路。
7、逛闹市 Going downtown
A： This bus goes downtown， doesn't it？
B： 是的，你要去那里呢？
A： The Concert Hall.
B： 那么这车正好合适。
A： Will you let me know where to get off？
B： Certainly. Four more stops after this. I'll call out the stops.
第五单元 Talking About My Family
一、经典句型
1. Do you have any brothers or sisters？
2. I have a very big family. I've five brothers and sisters.
3. My parents have been married for over 20 years.
4. I'm the youngest in my family.
5. He has two cousins.
9. Are you married if I may ask？
10. I'm still single.
11. I'll get married soon.
13. What does your father do?
14. May I take your hand？
15. How long have you been living in Chicago？
16. You look so young and beautiful，by the way，may I know how old you are？
17. I just had my thirtieth birthday.
18. My aunt got divorced two years ago，now she lives with her two kids.
19. How has your father been？
二、佳句赏析
Susan feels blue 苏珊很沮丧
1．情景会话
Joann： Susan has been down recently. I saw her this morning，she looked terrible！
David： You have any idea？
Joann： She broke up with her boyfriend.
David： I heard her boyfriend is married.
Joann： She still loves him. That's why she feels upset. Her love is always hardand confusing...
David： Then what about you？ How are you getting on with your boyfriend？
Joann： He sometimes really drives me crazy.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Susan has been down recently.
这里是说 Susan最近很沮丧，down做形容词可以作“心情不好、不开心” 。
2.) She broke up with her boyfriend.
Break up with sb.一般指男女分手，如 Leon just broke up with his girl.
3.) Then what about you？
也可以说成How about you? 这两个句型没有区别。
4.) How are you getting on with your boyfriend？
Get on with sb.是“与某人相处（得如何） ” ，这句话就是“你和男朋友处得怎样？”
Talking about future 谈论未来
1．情景会话
Flora：(Pointing at the picture) Who is this on the water buffalo？
Luke：That's my grand-father. He was a farmer. When he was young，he had to take the water
buffalo to graze in the field.
Flora：Oh yes，that was the best job in most farm families. That's where many ofthem learned to
play the flute.
Luke：My grandfather did that too. He used the time to study instead.
Flora：That's interesting. Go on!
Luke：My grand grandfather was a merchant who ran a small business. He couldn't afford to send
my grand father to school.
Flora：So he became a self-taught man？
Luke：Right. Later he was a soldier and a fireman in the village. When he was middle aged，he
became a great man，quite famous.
Flora：In what field？
Luke：As a leader of police officers in charge of the whole country.
Flora：Is he still in that that type of work.
Luke：No. He retired from that. He is a senator now.
Flora：Would you want to be a senator？
Luke：Well，maybe when I get old. But first I'll be a lawyer.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Who is this on the water buffalo？
Water buffalo即水牛， “坐在水牛上的是谁？”
2.) Go on!
意思是“接着说” ，类似于 go ahead.
3.) So he became a self-taught man？
Self-taught 就是我们常说的“自学成材” 。
4.) He retired from that. He is a senator now.
Retire from …“从某个单位或职位退休” ，如 My aunt retired from the hospital last year.
Cousin is sick 表弟病了
1．情景会话
A：Have you run into your cousin Jimmy lately？
B：As a matter of fact，I have. I ran into him just the other day.
A：How's he doing？
B：Not too well. He had to have four teeth pulled last week.
A：He did？That's too bad！
B：I think so，too.
A：Next time you see him，please tell him I'm thinking of him.
B：I'll be sure to do that.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Have you run into your cousin Jimmy lately？
Run into sb.是指“偶然遇到某人” ，lately相当于 recently, 但前者更口语化。
2.) As a matter of fact，I have. I ran into him just the other day.
As a matter of fact 是固定用法，即“实际上” ，同义词还有 in fact, actually等。The other day
是指“前几天” 。
3.) That's too bad！
在听到坏消息时，我们通常要表达遗憾或惋惜。
4.) Please tell him I'm thinking of him.
“告诉他我想着他呢” ，think of 相当于 miss。
Proud of Mom 为妈妈骄傲
1．情景会话
Jimmy：Look！This picture of Mom in her cap and gown.
Lucy： Isn't it lovely！That's when she got her Master's Degree from Miami University.
Jimmy：Yes， we are very proud of her.
Lucy： Oh， that's a nice one of all of you together. Do you have the negative？ May I have
a copy？
Jimmy： Surely， I'll have one made for you. You want a print？
Lucy： No. I'd like a slide， I have a new projector.
Jimmy： I'd like to see that myself.
Lucy： Have a wallet size print made for me， too.
Jimmy： Certainly.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) Look！This picture of Mom in her cap and gown.
Cap和 gown在这里是特指授予学位时穿的学位帽和学位服。
2.) Yes， we are very proud of her.
“为某人感到骄傲”通常是用 be proud of 或 take pride in 这两个短语。
3.) No. I'd like a slide， I have a new projector.
Slide是幻灯片，projector 指“放映机” 。
Farewell 道别
1．情景会话
A： I hear you're moving to New York.
B： Yes, I found a very good job down there.
A： Well, we'll certainly miss you in Boston.
B： I'm going to miss you folks， too.
A： Let's keep in touch.
B： OK. I'll drop you a line as soon as I get there.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) I'm going to miss you folks， too.
Folk是口语说法，类似于 guys，相当与书面语中的 people。
2.) Let's keep in touch.
Keep in touch with sb. 是“与某人保持联系” 。
3.) I'll drop you a line as soon as I get there.
美国口语中, 给某人写信不常用 write sb. a letter, 而多用 drop sb. a line。
Complaint 抱怨
1．情景会话
A： How's your new apartment？
B： I thought it was in a quiet neighborhood， but it isn't.
A： What's wrong？
B： One of my neighbors has a dog.
A： Does it make a lot of noise？
B： It barks all night long. I can't stand it.
2．对话要点分析：
1.) How's your new apartment？
How is sth.? 一般用来询问某物或事的状况。
2.) What's wrong？
类似是表达有 What's the problem? What's the trouble?
篇6：高中教材是统一的吗
《中华人民共和国义务教育法》第三十八条至四十一条，做出了规定：
1、教科书根据国家教育方针和课程标准编写，内容力求精简，精选必备的基础知识、基本技能，经济实用，保证质量。国家机关工作人员和教科书审查人员，不得参与或者变相参与教科书的编写工作。
2、国家实行教科书审定制度。教科书的审定办法由国务院教育行政部门规定。未经审定的教科书，不得出版、选用。
3、教科书由国务院价格行政部门会同出版行政部门按照微利原则确定基准价。省、自治区、直辖市人民政府价格行政部门会同出版行政部门按照基准价确定零售价。
篇7：高中世界近现代史教材商榷
高中世界近现代史教材商榷三则
一、英国在印度的侵略据点
《世界近代现代史》上册第三章《西欧国家争夺殖民霸权的斗争》讲到英国对印度的侵略时说：“英国在 亚洲集中力量侵略印度，以马得拉斯和加尔各答为殖民侵略据点。”（第23页）此说有误。与课本配套编印的 《世界近代现代史地图册》第4页“英法对印度的侵略”图，在右下角的图例中，标有“――”符号的地点为“ 英国主要侵略据点”。在此幅地图中，除东部沿海的马得拉斯、加尔各答外，西部沿海的孟买也标有“――” 符号，与课本产生了矛盾。应当说，地图正确，课文错误。
东印度公司成立后，积极在印度展开殖民扩张活动。从17世纪30年代起到90年代，先后侵占了三个据点， 这就是马得拉斯（1639年）、孟买（1668年）和加尔各答（1696年）。在这三个地点成立管区，由英国省督管 辖，作为进一步侵略印度的基地。建议历史教材将“以马得拉斯和加尔各答……”一句改为“以马得拉斯、孟 买和加尔各答。”
二、明治维新年代
教材讲到明治维新时说：“推翻幕府统治以后建立起来的明治政府，就开始采取一系列资产阶级性质的改 革措施，来巩固以天皇为首的新政权。”（上册第131页）
这一说法存在两个问题：1.以睦仁天皇为首的新政府早在推翻幕府统治之前便形成了，“明治”这个年号 是在1868年九月初八开始使用，不能把年号的使用与新政府的形成混同起来，这是两个不同概念。2.这个说法 与上文有矛盾。第130页说：“（1868年）5月，倒幕派的武装力量占领了江户，又经过一年的内战，幕府的.残 余武装力量全被消灭了。统治日本长达260多年的德川幕府被推翻了。”据此，德川幕府统治被推翻是在1869年 （“又经过一年的战斗”）。但大家知道，明治维新开始于1868年。那么问题出在哪里呢？问题在于以哪件事 作为幕府统治被推翻的标志。应当说，1868年5月，倒幕武装力量占领江户就标志着幕府统治的结束。事实上， 江户被占领以后，德川庆喜宣布投降，结束了德川幕府265年的封建统治。
建议教材作如下修改：1.将“德川幕府被推翻了”这句话移到“占领了江户”之后。2.鉴于教材没有明确 提到明治维新开始的年代，在“明治维新”这个子目的课文中，一上来应增加“1868年”这个年代，同时将“ 建立起来的”几个字删掉。这样，上下文的矛盾便可解决，也可避免新政府是在推翻幕府统治以后才形成的误 解。
三、是“普军”还是“德军”？
《世界近代现代史》上册第149页：“1871年1月，它（国防政府）同普军签订巴黎投降和前线停战的协定 ”，“24万人的军队作了普军的俘虏……”，“……答应对普鲁士赔款50亿法郎……”。同书第155页：“为了 增强反革命力量，梯也尔乞求普鲁士放还法国俘虏……”。以上这些引文中的“普”、“普鲁士”应一律改为 “德”、“德国”。在本章教材中，编者第一次将普鲁士改称“德国”的地方是：“5月10日，凡尔赛同德国签 订了屈辱的和约……”（第155页）。
普鲁士国王威廉一世即德意志帝国的皇位是1871年1月18日（教材只提月份，没提具体日子）。课文说，“ 一个强大的统一的德意志帝国诞生了”（第137页）。所以，从这个时间以后，“普鲁士”这个国名应被“德国 ”代替。“国防政府”签订停战协定的具体日子是1871年1月28日，此时距威廉一世称帝正好10天。所以，从此 以后的历史事件提到德国时不能再使用“普鲁士”这个国名。
现行高中历史教材已沿用多年，不少提法值得商榷，许多错误没有得到及时纠正，建议对高中历史教材重 新编写。
★ 高中化学教学反思
★ 化学键说课稿
★ 高中化学教学案例
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