英语语法存在句不定式知识点（共8篇）由网友“黑色柳丁”投稿提供，以下是小编整理了英语语法存在句不定式知识点，希望你喜欢，也可以帮助到您，欢迎分享！
篇1：英语语法存在句不定式知识点
英语语法存在句不定式知识点
there be+宾语+不定式
■ 不定式通常表示动作尚未发生
There was nobody to look after the child.
没有人照顾这孩子。
There was a large crowd to send him off.
有一大群人要来给他送行。
There was so much to lose that we couldn’t take any risks.
可能会有很大的损失，因此我们不能冒险。
■ 当其中的宾语与其后的不定式为被动关系时，可用主动表被动，也可用被动式：
There is much work to do [to be done].
有许多工作要做。
■ 有时其中的不定式为系表结构：
There is nothing to be afraid of.
没什么可怕的`。
What was there to be afraid of.
有什么可怕的?
There’s nothing to be ashamed of.
没有什么值得羞愧的。
篇2：英语语法存在句讲解
存在句：又叫做“There be句型”，是一种表示“存在”的句式。
常见结构：“There + be + 主语 + 地点状语(或时间状语)”。存在句的“there”要弱读。
存在句的句型转换：
一. 肯定陈述句
例如：There is a dictionary on the desk.(桌子上有一本字典。)
二. 否定陈述句
例如：There isn’t a dictionary on the desk.(桌子上没有字典。)
三. 一般疑问句
例如：Is there a dictionary on the desk?(桌子上有一本字典吗?)
四. 特殊疑问句
例如：How many dictionaries are there on the desk?(桌子上有几本字典?)
What’s there on the desk?(桌子上有什么?)
五. 反意疑问句
例如：There is a dictionary on the desk, isn't there?(桌子上有一本字典，是吗?)
存在句的谓语动词和助动词连用：
例如：There have been many accidents in the past few weeks.(过去几个星期里发生了几个事故。)
存在句的数：在存在句中，只要紧靠“There be”的第一项不是复数，其谓语动词便可用单数形式。
一. 单数
例如：There was a dictionary, some pictures books and some magazines on the desk.(桌子上有一本字典，几本图画书，还有一本杂志。)
二. 复数
例如：There are two books on the desk.(桌子上有两本书。)
篇3：英语语法知识：不定式
英语语法知识：不定式
1.某些动词后要接不定式
某些及物动词后只能接不定式作宾语，其中最常用的动词有：agree,afford,arrange,appear,ask,attempt,care,choose,continue,decide,demand,desire,determine,expect,fail,fear,forget,hate,hesitate,hope,intend,learn,like,love,manage,mean,neglect,offer,plan,prefer,prepare,pretend,promise, refuse,regret,remember,seek,tend,try,volunteer,want,wish等。
What do you plan to do tomorrow?
She hated to move from such a nice village.
In class teachers should try to get feedback from their students
2.不定式的被动式
不定式有被动式，当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，不定式要用被动式，在句中可作主语，宾语，定语，状语，复合宾语等。作定语时，通常表示在谓语动作后将要发生的动作。
The last question to be discussed today is how to do the job more efficiently.
She preferred to be given more difficult work to do.
3.不定式的`完成式
当不定式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，不定式要用完成式，在句中可作宾语，状语以及构成复合宾语，复合谓语。
She seemed to have heard about the news already.
He was believed to have been a very rich man.
4.不定式的完成被动式
当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者，且不定式的动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前，不定式要用完成被动式，在句中可作主语，宾语或构成复合宾语，复合谓语。
The forest fire is reported to have been put out last night.
It is supposed to have been finished without referring to any reference books.
5.带逻辑主语的不定式短语
不定式可以有逻辑主语，其构成形式为“for +代词的宾格(或名词) +不定式”。带逻辑主语的不定式短语可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或状语等。
It is not easy for you to catch up with them in a short time.
I think it better for you to see the doctor.
What we want is for you to understand the matter clearly.
I sent him some pictures for him to see what Paris is like.
6.带疑问词的不定式短语
不定式前可以加某些疑问代词，如who、what、which,或疑问副词，如when、where、how、why等，构成一种特殊的不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或状语等。
How to improve English is often discussed among the students.
We haven’t decided when to visit the place.
The most difficult thing in learning English is how to speak the language well.
You haven’t answered my question where to get these books.
7.某些动词后的不定式作宾语补足语时，不定式不带to，这些动词是feel, have,hear,let,make,notice,see,watch等。
Suddenly I felt the atmosphere in the room become tense.
I often hear them sing this song.
篇4：考研英语语法精要 不定式
考研英语语法精要 不定式
二、不定式
1.不定式做主语
(1)做形式主语的代词：
不定式做主语, 通常用it充当形式主语, 把做主语的不定式短语后置。 如：
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
To be frank, it is a great relief to have the task fulfilled in so short a time.
(2)引导逻辑主语的介词：
不定式的逻辑主语一般由介词for引导,但下列表示人的性格行为特征的形容词做表语时, 不定式的逻辑主语则由of引导：
absurd, bold, brave, courageous, careful, careless, clever, wise, foolish, silly, stupid, good, nice, kind, thoughtful, considerate, greedy, generous, honest, modest, polite, rude, cruel, selfish, lazy, wicked, wrong。如：
Experts say walking is one of the best ways for a person to stay healthy.
It’s clever of you to have invented such a device.
(3)不定式做主语补足语：
掌握常用不定式做主语补足语的.句型。注意不定式表示的动作发生的时间，并采用相应形式。如：
said
reported
thought
be to do sth.
believed
known
supposed
Byron is said to have lived on vinegar and potatoes.
The bank is reported in the local newspaper to have been robbed in broad daylight yesterday.
2.不定式做宾语
(1)必须接不定式做宾语的动词：
掌握要求接不定式做宾语的动词：
agree, afford, aim, arrange, appear, ask, attempt, choose, claim, decide, desire, determine, expect, fail, guarantee, hope, endeavor, intend, long, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, pledge, pretend, prepare, promise, proceed, prove, resolve, refuse, request, swear, tend, try, venture, wait, wish。如：
Even though the children pretended to be asleep, the nurses were not deceived when they came into the room.
注意:
1)有的动词要求特殊疑问词+不定式做宾语, 这类动词有：
consider, discover, explain, forget, guess, know, learn, observe, remember, see, tell, understand, wonder，如：
While still a young boy, Bizet knew how to play the piano well and as he grew older, he wrote operas, the most famous of which is Carmen.
2)如果该特殊疑问词在不定式中做介词宾语, 介词往往置于该特殊疑问词的前面。如:
The professor can hardly find sufficient grounds on which to base his argument in favor of the new theory.
Without facts, we cannot form worthwhile opinion for we need to have factual knowledge upon which to base our thinking.
(2)可以用不定式做宾语补足语(复合宾语)的动词：
下列动词可以用不定式做宾语补足语(复合宾语)：
advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, compel, enable, determine, encourage, expect, feel, find, force, hate, have, hear, help, inform, invite, let, like, make, mean, need, notice, notify, oblige, order, permit, persuade, remind, request, require, see, send, teach, tell, tempt, trouble, urge, want, warn, watch, wish。
注意：画线动词后面的不定式不带to。
如：
Because of the recent accidents, our parents forbid my brother and me to swim in the river unless someone agrees to watch over us.
大学网考研频道。篇5：初中英语语法不定式解析
初中英语语法不定式解析
不定式省to有四种情况：
使役动词 let,have,make 等后接不定式。如：Let him go! 让他走!
would rather，had better后。如：You had better stay at home.你最好呆在家里。
Why... / why not...后。如：Why not have a good rest on Sunday? 为什么星期天不好好休息一下呢?
感官动词 see, watch, look at, hear, listen to, smell,feel, find 等后作宾补，省to。如：I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。
注意：这些情况在被动句中可千万不可省to 哟! 如：The boss made them work the whole night. 变成被动句：They were made to work the whole night.
不定式的特殊用法：
It与不定式：动词不定式可以做主语，但如果动词不定式太长，显得头重脚轻的，那么我们就可用形式主语it代替，而把真正主语(即不定式)放于句尾。
如: It is not difficult for me to study English well.(对我来说学好英语是可能的。)
不定式还可以充当句子的宾语，但有些动词，如find，think，believe 等，在语法上不能接受不定式作宾语，只有用it作形式宾语，从而把动词不定式置于句尾。这样的不定式可继续充当其宾语的作用。
如: I found it difficult to fall asleep.我发现很难入睡。
还有一点：动词不定式，还可用在how，when，where，what，which 等疑问代词或副词之后，与其共同作宾语。如：I don't know how to use a computer.我不知道怎样使用电脑。Remember?
too...to...和enough...to：too...to表达“太 ... 一致于不能...”。
enough ... to 表达 “足以...”。这两个词组的用法用两个例子就可以说清楚了。
The box is too heavy for me to lift.这个箱子太沉了，我提不动。
He is old enough to go to school.他到上学的年龄了。也就是说，他的年龄足够上学了。记住这两个句子就可以举一反三，应用自如。你记住了吗?
好吧，再试一把趁热打铁!
练习：
1. Tell him ___ the window.
A. to close not
B. not to close
C. to not close
D. not close
2. Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.
A. learn
B. to learn
C. learned
D. learning
3. You'd better _______the story in Japanese.
A. say
B. speak
C. tell
D. talk
4. The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not
B. eating not
C. not to eat
D. not eating
5. ---- I usually go there by train.
---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?
A. to try going
B. trying to go
C. to try and go
D. try going
6. There are some books on the floor, would you like ________?
A. to pick them up
B. to pick up them
C. pick it up
D. pick up it
7. She is very ill, let's _______a doctor at once.
A. to wake up
B. send for
C. to pay for
D. pay for
8. I want ________a teacher when I grow up.
A. to be
B. to
C. be
D. being
9. It's cold here. You'd better ______ your coat.
A. not take out
B. not to take down
C. not take off
D. not to take away
10. My mother told me ________more water.
A. drinking
B. drank
C. to drink
D. drink
实战：
1. You'd better _______read in the sun.
A. not to
B. not
C. don't
D. to
2. You aren't a new driver, are you? _______.
A. No, I am
B. Yes, I'm not
C. No, you are
D. Yes, I am
3. Must I stay here now?_________.
A. No, you mustn't
B. No, you needn't
C. Yes, you can
D. Yes, you may
4. There is _______ “s” in the word “bus”.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. /
5. Neithere of us ______a doctor.
A. is
B. isn't
C. are
D. aren't
6. Who was the first in the girls'_________race?
A. 400 metre
B. 400-metre
C. 400 metres
D. 400-metres
7. It's too noisy here, I can't _______.
A. go to sleep
B. fall to sleep
C. sleeping
D. get to sleep
8. The story happened ________ the evening of October 20, 1995.
A. at
B. on
C. in
D. to
9. Could I speak to Mr Gao, please? ________. He has gone to the hospital.
A. I think so
B. Certainly, you can
C. I'm afraid not
D. I'm not sure
10. I'm sorry to trouble you, Miss Hu. ________.
A. Fine, thank you.
B. All right.
C. It's very kind of you .
D. It doesn't matter.
11. Can you tell me where________?
A. is the post office
B. the post office is
C. does the post office
D. the post office does
12. In England, the first name is _______name, but in China, the first name is ______ name.
A. family, given
B. given, family
C. family, family
D. given, given
13. Li Ping met an old friend of _______ on a train yesterday.
A. he
B. him
C. his
D. her
14. Kate is ________ girl.
A. a eighteen-year-old
B. a eighteen-years-old
C. an eighteen -years-old
D. an eighteen-year-old
15. Our city is getting ________.
A. beautiful and beautiful
B. beautifuler and beautifuler
C. more and more beautiful
D. more beautifler and more beautifuler
篇6：初中英语不定式知识点
初中英语不定式知识点
一、用作主语
直接把动词不定式置于句首的情况不多，多数情况用it 作形式主语，把真正的主语——动词不定式置于句末，特别是不定式短语较长时。动词不定式作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。带疑问词的不定式短语作主语常置于句首，复合不定式结构作主语常置于句末。如：
1. I t is our duty to try our best to deal with these problems.
2.The head teacher said it was necessary to talk with his mother.
3.How to learn English well is important.
4.To see is to believe.(眼见为实;百闻不如一见)
动词不定式作表语，常说明主语的内容、性质、特征。如：
1.The best way is to join an English club.
2.The first thing is to listen to the teacher carefully.
三、用作宾语
1. 可以接带to 的动词不定式作宾语的动词主要有：要求选择同意(ask, choose, agree)，期望决定学习(expect, hope, decide, learn) ，宁可假装知道(prefer, pretend, know) ，希望想要愿意(wish, want, would like / love)。如：
1)We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.
2)He prefers to eat white bread and rice.
3)Id love to visit Mexico.
2. 动词decide, know, learn, show, teach, tell...，介词结构on... 可用疑问词带to 的不定式短语作宾语，但why 后面的不定式不带to 。如：
1)Could you please tell me where to park my car?
2)It gives advice on what to do in lots of different situations.
3. 动词feel, find, make, think等后面，可以用it 作形式宾语代替真正的宾语——动词不定式，句子结构是...feel / find /
学习初中英语的方法
一、学好英文必须静下心来，日积月累，切不可急功近利。
必须静下心来，从一词一句开始积累，多听、多说、多读，长年坚持，必有收获。因为学习外语的时间和对其掌握的熟练程度成正比，也可以说任何一门外语听说读写译的熟练运用都是工夫堆积起来的。英语中有个谚语：rome was not built in a day.说的就是这个道理。
二、学好英文必须培养对它的兴趣，从而树立信心。
“兴趣是最好的老师”这句话放到英语学习上是千真万确。这种兴趣如何培养?首先必须承认，英语是世界上最优美的语言之一，平时在学习英语的时候要多注意她的优美之处、合理之处、生动之处，不能总盯着她让你觉得别扭的地方，你觉得不好理解的地方。换一种角度看问题往往可以彻底改变你对一件事物的看法。除此之外，还可以平时多读一些英语的笑话或幽默小品，在捧腹大笑中领略英语的生动、幽默和妙趣横生，无形中便会逐渐喜欢这种语言，久而久之，越喜欢越爱学，越爱学越喜欢，很快就可以形成良性循环。人到了这种状态，能熟练掌握这种语言便指日可待了。
三、制定详尽的学习计划，帮助自己克服懒惰性。
真正想把英语学好，应当制定一个详尽的学习计划，这个计划应分为长期的和阶段性两部分。长期计划可以给自己树立一个目标，要努力去争取实现。阶段性计划在完成后可以使我们不断的获得成就感，这种成就感可以鞭策我们朝着长期目标继续努力。
告诉你一条，学英语要循序渐进，没有捷径可走，要真想学到东西，就要踏踏实实走好每一步，多看，多背，多写，多听，英语的学习在于不断的重复记忆。
英语最主要的是单词，所以背单词很重要。我建议你每天花一个半小时背单词，而背单词的方法有很多，我的方法是在语境中背单词，效果快，具体办法是在一句话或一篇文章中划出不认识的单词，标上音标和中文意思，然后多读，再刻意去看下单词，你最好准备一个摘抄本，记下不认识的单词，最好也写个例句。单词的记忆也有孰轻孰重，主要记那些动词和动词词组，其次是形容词和副词。(建议你每天背50-100个单词)
学习初中英语的建议
要学会精神转移
在英语学习的过程中，感到枯燥乏味，信心不足的时候，不要强迫自己往下学，因为从你的思想意识形态里已经开始产生了抵触英语的情绪。这时再继续只能是“ 适得其反”，请你先放一放你所学习的内容，最好的去处是逛书店，选择一本自己喜欢的，翻开内容看上一两段，你就会发现原来你的英语已经很有水平了，以前的时间没有白费。
还有，当你置身到书店的时候，你才能够感受到很多中国人都和你一样在努力着，也许他(她)的英文水平很高也许他 (她)还不如你。从而让自己产生羡慕、嫉妒、欣慰的心理。只有这样才能激发你的继续学习的兴趣。除此之外，你还可以去听听那些原版磁带，去看看原版DVD 来调节自己的心态。
应该怎么背单词
背单词不要孤立的背，一定要融合到句子中去。要查词典，在词典中把这个单词每个不同的例句都要找出一两句实用的作为代表练出来，这样你才会知道一个单词的不同用法。
还有一个办法，就是利用各种免费英语学习网站，从周一到周五，每天学习一个英文单词的起源、用法、同根词，学习一句英文名言，记住五个相关的单词，这样在轻松阅读故事的过程中每周记住30个左右的单词，一年就能累计记住1500个单词。不怕找不到 英语单词 就怕你没耐心去记。
除了听写、默写以外，还要增加阅读量，(看文章提高阅读，英语阅读如果不够，可以做阅读理解练习，看一些和自己水平相当的英语书籍从而扩充词汇量。阅读不需要去背诵，也不需要去听录音，但必须勤查词典。这个方法只是为了增加词汇量，尽量在短时间内减少生词。
每天学多少合适?
每天不要过多的记忆，有5-6句话足矣，多了什么也记不住。科学的说法是一天记忆8句话，我们还是不要那么标准了，少点好。英语学习网免费学习英语口语，论坛也是学习的好地方，最好能把学到的组成简单的对话，这样一问一答自己都可以练习口语了。不要去考虑进度，不要去想：“唉呦，这得猴年马月我才能学会呀?”当你对英语有了感觉后，速度是突飞猛进的。心不要太急，戒骄戒躁，就像一个人猛吸一口气，他可以跑得很快，但他永远跑不远。就是这个道理。
我该怎么合理分配时间?
从时间上来说，如果您是“朝9晚5”工作制，就要充分利用零碎的时间。在每天晚上，你要抽出一个小时来听写5句话，我想应该不难做到。第二天您就应该反复去唠叨这5句话。上半时遇到上厕所、上下楼、外出办事情什么的，都可以反复练习。
利用周六、周日可以从头至尾温故而知新一下。一天花费过长的时间学英语其实效果并不好，而恰恰是零碎的时间学习英语最容易出效果。平时零碎着听，零碎着唠叨，零碎写着，隔几天做个阶段性总结，接触多了，时间长了，也就自然会了。
学一本教材或报一门考试
如果完全没有目的性地学习英语，非常容易中断学习。毕业几年的上班族，为了为自己的学习添点儿动力，不妨自己选一本教材学习。比如经典的综合英语教材《新概念英语》、或是偏重口语教材的《走遍美国》、还有适合商务人士的《剑桥商务英语BEC》，都可以给你系统的学习方向。
当然如果你的工作还不算太忙，就更加建议你去报考一门英语证书，比如偏重翻译英语方向的中、高级口译证书;或是BEC也有自己的初、中、高级证书等等。备考复习的过程，其实就是将学到的知识强化的过程。如果复习得好还能拿到一本有利于职场发展的证书，何乐而不为呢?
篇7：英语语法讲义（1）动词不定式
动词不定式由to+动词原形构成。这里的to是不定式标志，没有词义。不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能，又有动词的时态和语态的特点及作用。
常见的形式如表所示（以及物动词do为例），不及物动词没有被动语态。
时态\语态 主动 被动
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing /
完成式 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing /
一、不定式作宾语，大致上有三种情况。
1、有些及物动词用不定式作宾语，结构为动词+不定式。例如：
afford aim agree arrange ask decide
bother care choose demand desire determine
elect endeavor hope fail help learn
long 渴望 mean manage offer plan pretend
refuse tend undertake expect hate intend
例如：
The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
He offered to help me. 他表示愿意帮助我。
2、有些动词除了可以用不定式作宾语，还用不定式作补语，即有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。例如：
ask choose expect help beg intend
like/love need prefer prepare want wish
例如：
I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。
I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。
I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。
I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。
3、些动词或动词词组可以用动词+疑问词+不定式的结构作宾语。例如：
decide know consider forget learn remember
show, wonder find out tell inquire explain
例如：
Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.
有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。
二、不定式作补语
1、有些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构。例如：
advise allow cause challenge command compel
drive 驱使 enable encourage forbid force impel
induce instruct invite like/love order permit
make let have want get warn
persuade request send tell train urge
例如；
Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
The officer ordered his men to fire. 长官命令士兵开火。
注意：有些动词如make，have，get，want等可用不定式作做宾补，也可用分词作宾补。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。
2、些有动词+宾语+不定式的结构，不定式的动词往往是be，不定式一般可以省去。例如：
consider find believe think declare（声称） appoint
guess fancy（设想） guess judge imagine know
例如：
We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。
We know him to be a fool. 我们知道他是个笨蛋。（to be 不能省去）
典型例题
Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
答案：C. 一般没有consider+宾语+be以外不定式的结构，也没有consider+宾语+doing的结构，排除A、B、D。consider用动词be以外的不定式作宾补时，一般要求用不定式的完成式，故选C。
3、有些动词可以跟there +to be的结构。例如：
believe expect intend like love mean
prefer want wish understand
例如：
We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。
You wouldn’t want there to be another war. 你不至于想让另外一场战争发生吧。
三、不定式作主语
1、不定式作主语，往往用it作形式主语，真正的主语不定式放至句子的后面。
例如：It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。
It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。
It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。
2、但是，用不定式作主语的句子中还有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型。另外，这样的句子，不能用动名词作表语。例如：
（对）To teach is to learn.
（错）It is to learn to teach.
（错）To teach is learning.
（错）Teaching is to learn.
典型例题
The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.
A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on
答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于“形容词+动词不定式”结构的末尾。
3、It's for sb. to do和 It's of sb. to do句型的区别
这样的句子中，由于表语形容词性质的不同，导致了不定式逻辑主语标志用for或of的区别。
1）for sb. 句型中的形容词一般为表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：例如：
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2）of sb.句型中的形容词一般为表示性格，品德，心智能力，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。例如：
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
3）用for还是用of 的另一种辨别方法：
用介词for或of后面的逻辑主语作句子的主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果通顺用of，不通则用for。例如：
You are nice. （通顺，所以应用of）。
He is hard. （非所表达的意思，不通，因此用for。）
四、不定式作表语
不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：
My work is to clean the room every day. 我的工作是每天清扫房间。
His dream is to be a doctor. 他的梦想是成为一名医生。
五、不定式作定语
不定式作定语通常要放在被修饰的词后，往往表示未发生的动作。例如：
I have a lot of work to do. 我有许多事要做。
There was nothing to bring home that morning. 那天早上（他回家时）两手空空。
六、不定式作状语
1、作目的状语
常用结构为to do , only to do（仅仅为了）, in order to do, so as to do, so（such）… as to…（如此…以便…）。例如：
He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。
2、作结果状语，可以表示没有预料到的或事与愿违的结果，不定式要放在句子后面。
I awoke to find my truck gone. 我醒来发现箱子不见了。
He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜索了房间，没发现什么。
3、作原因状语
I'm glad to see you. 见到你很高兴。
She wept to see the sight. 她一看到这情形就哭了。
4、表示理由和条件
He must be a fool to say so.
You will do well to speak more carefully.
七、用作介词的to
to 可以用作介词，也可用作不定式的标示。下面的to 都用作介词，后面要跟动词-ing形式：
admit to object to be accustomed to be used to stick to turn to开始
look forward to be devoted to pay attention to contribute to apologize to devote oneself to
八、省去to 的动词不定式
1、情态动词 （ 除ought 外） 后。
2、使役动词 let, have, make后，感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补时。
注意：被动语态中不能省去to。例如：
I saw him dance. 我看见他跳舞。
=He was seen to dance.
The boss made them work the whole night. 老板让他们整夜干活。
=They were made to work the whole night.
3、would rather，had better句型后。
4、Why… / why not…句型后
5、help 后可带to，也可不带to, help sb （to） do sth：
6、but和except后。but前是实义动词do时，后面出现的不定式不带to。
比较：He wants to do nothing but go out. 他只想出去玩。
He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine. 除了吃这药，他什么都信。
7、由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：
8、通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think等词后作宾补时，可以省去to be。例如：
He is supposed （to be） nice. 他应该是个好人。
典型例题
1） ---- I usually go there by train.
---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?
A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going
答案：D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选D。
2） Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
答案：B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。
九、动词不定式的否定式
在不定式标志to前加上not。例如：
Tell him not to shut the window。让他别关窗。
She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。
典型例题
1）Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never driver C. never driving D. never drive
答案：A。warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式为warn sb not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never.
2） The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____.
A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to
答案：A。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有宾语，因此也B，D不对。
十、不定式的特殊句型
1、too…to…
1）too…to 太…以至于…。例如：
He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了，说不出话来。
---- Can I help you ? 需要我帮忙吗?
---- Well, I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same.
不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢。
2）如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定，too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为“不太”。例如：
It's never too late to mend. 改过不嫌晚。（谚语）
3）当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。例如：
I'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 能帮助你我非常高兴。
He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。
2、so as to
1）表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。例如：
Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。
Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。
2）表示结果。例如：
Would you be so kind as to tell me the time? 劳驾，现在几点了。
3、Why not
“Why not +动词原形”表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：“为什么不……?” “干吗不……?”。例如：
Why not take a holiday? 干吗不去度假?
十一、不定式的时态和语态
1、一般式表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后，例如
He seems to know this. 他似乎知道这事。
I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
2、完成式表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。例如：
I'm sorry to have given you so much trouble. 很抱歉，给你添了那么多的麻烦。
He seems to have caught a cold. 他好像已经得了感冒。
3、进行式表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。例如：
He seems to be eating something. 他好像正在吃什么东西。
4、完成进行式表示动作从过去开始并延续至说话的时候。例如：
She is known to have been working on the problem for many years. 我们知道她研究这问题有好几年了。
5、动形式表示被动关系。如：
The book is said to have been translated into English. 据说这本书已被翻译成英文了。
十二、动名词与不定式
1、动名词与不定式的区别：
动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的
不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
2、有些动词如continue接不定式或动名词作宾语，意义基本相同。
3、有些动词如forget接不定式或动名词作宾语，意义大相径庭。常见的，下面有专门讨论。
十三、特殊词精讲
1、stop doing/to do
stop to do停止，中断做某事后去做另一件事，stop doing停止做某事。例如：
They stop to smoke a cigarette. 他们停下来，抽了根烟。
I must stop smoking.我必须戒烟了。
典型例题
She reached the top of the hill and stopped ___ on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
答案：C。由题意可知，她到了山顶，停下来在一个路边的大石头上休息。因此，应选择“stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事”。而不仅仅是爬山动作的终止，所以stop doing sth.不正确。
2、forget doing/to do
forget to do 忘记要去做某事，forget doing 忘记做过某事。例如：
The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着，他忘记关了。（没有做关灯的动作）
He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。（已做过关灯的动作）
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh，I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth表示灯已经关上了，而忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
3、remember doing/to do
remember to do 记得去做某事，remember doing 记得做过某事。例如：
Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
4、regret doing/to do
regret to do 对将要做的事遗憾，regret doing 对做过的事遗憾、后悔。例如：
I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice. 我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没有办法。
I don't regret telling her what I thought. 我不为告诉她我的想法而后悔。
典型例题
---You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.
---Well, now I regret ___ that.
A. to do B. to be doing C. to have done D. having done
答案：D。regret having done sth. 对已发生的事感到遗憾。regret to do sth. 对将要做的事感到遗憾。本题为对已说的话感到后悔，因此选D。
5、cease doing/to do
cease to do长时间，甚至永远停做某事，cease doing短时停止做某事，以后还会接着做。例如：
That department has ceased to exist forever. 那个系已不复存在。
The girls ceased chatting for a moment when their teacher passed by. 姑娘们在老师走过时，停了会聊天。
6、try doing/to do
try to do 努力，企图做某事，try doing 试验，试着做某事。例如：
You must try to be more careful. 你可要多加小心。
I tried gardening but didn't succeed. 我试着种果木花卉，但未成功。
7、go on doing/to do
go on to do 做了一件事后，接着做另一件事，go on doing 继续做原来做的事。例如：
After he had finished his maths，he went on to do his physics. 做完数学后，他接着去做物理。
Go on doing the other exercise after you have finished this one. 作完这个练习后，接着做其他的练习
8、be afraid of doing/to do
be afraid to do 不敢，胆怯去做某事，是主观上的原因不去做，意为“怕”，be afraid of doing 担心出现doing的状况、结果。doing 是客观上造成的，意为“生怕，恐怕”。例如：
She was afraid to step further in grass because she was afraid of being bitten by a snake.
她生怕被蛇咬着，不敢在草丛中再走一步。
She was afraid to wake her husband. 她不敢去叫醒她丈夫。
She was afraid of waking her husband. 她生怕吵醒她丈夫。
9、be interested in doing/to do
interested to do对做某事感兴趣，想了解某事，interested in doing对某种想法感兴趣，doing 通常为想法。例如：
I shall be interested to know what happens. 我很想知道发生了什么事。（想了解）
I'm interested in working in Switzerland. Do you have any idea about that?
我对在瑞士工作感兴趣。你想过这事吗? （一种想法）
10、mean to doing/to do
mean to do 打算、想，mean doing 意味着。例如：
I mean to go, but my father would not allow me to. 我想去，但是我父亲不肯让我去。
To raise wage means increasing purchasing power. 增加工资意味着增加购买力。
11、begin（start） doing/to do
begin / start to do sth 和begin / start doing sth.
1） 谈及一项长期活动或开始一种习惯时，使用doing。例如：
How old were you when you first started playing the piano? 你几岁时开始弹钢琴？
2） begin, start用进行时时，后面动词用不定式to do。例如：
I was beginning to get angry。我开始生起气来。
3） 在attempt, intend, begin, start 后接know, understand, realize这类动词时，常用不定式to do。例如：
I begin to understand the truth。我开始明白真相。
4） 事物作主语时。例如：
The snow began to melt.雪开始融化了
12、感官动词 + 宾语 + doing/ do
感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel +宾语+ do表示动作的完整性，+宾语+doing 表示动作的进行性。例如：
I saw him work in the garden yesterday. 昨天我看见他在花园里干活了。（强调“我看见了”这个事实）
I saw him working in the garden yesterday.（强调“我见他正干活”这个动作）昨天我见他正在花园里干活。
典型例题
1）They knew her very well. They had seen her ___ up from childhood.
A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow
答案：A。因题意为，他们看着她长大，因此强调的是成长的过程，而非正在长的动作，因此用see sb do sth 的句型。
2）The missing boy was last seen ___ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
答案A. 本题强调其动作，正在河边玩，应此用see sb. doing sth句型。
篇8：英语语法学习：不定式的省略
不定式的省略
1)当主语从句中有字样的词时，作表语的不定式符号常常可以省去：
What she likes to do is teach at a famous college.
她喜欢干的事是到一所著名大学任教。
What Tom wanted to do was visit the Great Wall.
汤姆想要做的就是参观长城。
2)口语中跟在go、come后面作目的状语的不定式常常省去to，多用于祈使句：
Go get some ice cream for me.
去弄些冰淇淋给我。
Please go buy a big birthday cake.
请去买一个大生日蛋糕。
You may come chat any time.
你随时可来一叙。
3)在使役动词let, have, make后面作宾补的不定式必须省去to：
Let’s ask someone.
我们问个人吧。
He’ll have a worker fix the car.
他会叫个工作人员修车的。
You’d better not make others fear you.
你最好别例别人怕你。
4)在感官动词后面作宾补的不定式必须省去to：
I could hear them sing loudly.
我能听见他们大声唱歌。
She watched us dance.
她看着我们跳舞。
5)两个以上的不定式并列时，从第二个不定式起符号to可以省去：
She wanted tocome and help you.
她想来并帮帮你。
You may ask Tom to read and write in my room.
你可以叫汤姆在我的房间读书写字。
He didn’t have the heart to laugh or refuse him.
他不忍大笑或者拒绝他。
6)作宾语的不定式在重复时，只保留to，目的是为了简洁，避免不必要的重复。
A：Would you like to join us at the party?
你参加我们的晚会好吗?
B：Sure, I’d like to, but I’ll be busy then.
当然，我很乐意，便那时我很忙。
A：Do you often go fishing?
你经常去钓鱼吗?
B：I used to, but very seldom now.
我过去是，但现在很少了。
7)在but, besides, except前面有实义动词do时，这几个介词后面的to可以省去。
The students could do nothing but wait quietly.
学生们只得静静地等候。
She had nothing to do except sit there.
她无事可做，只有坐在那里。
8)在Why not后面省去to或者整个不定式：
Why not take a plane?
为什么不乘飞机吗?
A：Do you plan to stay here all your life?
你想在这待一辈子吗?
B：Why not?
干吗不呢?
★ 高中英语语法教学
★ 高三英语语法知识
★ 英语语法知识
【英语语法存在句不定式知识点（共8篇）】相关文章：
汉语语法2022-12-25
法律硕士考研该如何开始复习2022-07-26
英语语法的特训方法2022-12-04
初三英语语法总结2023-07-08
高考英语复习方法总结单词讲解2023-06-19
初中英语作文复习2024-04-24
大学英语语法教学的新思路2022-07-13
英语时态总结表格2023-11-15
高中英语学习情况总结2022-08-15
八年级上册英语语法总结2023-10-01