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大学生无人问津就业难，技能型人才吃香遭抢购

时间：2022-05-07 12:16:02 其他范文收藏本文下载本文

大学生无人问津就业难，技能型人才吃香遭抢购(（通用6篇））由网友“AlanSmith”投稿提供，下面是小编为大家整理后的大学生无人问津就业难，技能型人才吃香遭抢购，仅供大家参考借鉴，希望大家喜欢!

篇1：大学生无人问津就业难，技能型人才吃香遭抢购

大学生无人问津就业难，技能型人才吃香遭抢购

近年来，关于大学生“就业难”的事例屡见报端，社会对就业问题的关注度越来越高，但高校毕业生的就业压力并未因此减轻，在这个史上最难就业的年份，699万毕业生进入社会开始找工作，全国各地不尽理想的就业数据显示了大学生巨大的就业压力。毕业生699万，比增加了60万，比增加了80万，巨大的数字显示出大学生就业市场的.窘态：一方面是大学生毕业生人数与日俱增，一方面是大学生就业形势每况愈下。

随着高校不断扩招，以及高校教育模式得不到改善，大学生人规模达到了空前地步，虽然大学扩招一定程度圆了一些原本无法进入大学的学生的梦，但是他们在几年后，却不得不与所有大学生一起，面临毕业即失业的窘境。每年，都会有一部分大学毕业生无法就业，他们不得不沦为“啃老族”，也有一部分大学生，为了不过早面对就业压力，走上了考研考博额道路，但是到头来还是得面对“研究生就业难”、“博士生就业难”，

与大学生就业困难不同的是，近年来，技能型人才越来越受到社会的肯定、企业的青睐。关于技能型人才走俏的新闻已屡见不鲜，在大学生就业难的同时，诸多新闻报道“企业高薪难觅技能人才”、“企业招技术工人无人问津”，技术岗位供需比例达到一比数百的局面，众多用人单位同时争抢一个技术工人的情况已不在少数。

与大学生等高学历人才相比，用人单位越来越喜欢技能型人才。技能型人才创新能力强、技术知识丰富，是企业青睐的原因之一，同时，从职业学校毕业的技能型人才无需企业再培养即可上岗，节约了企业的用人成本，也是用人单位喜欢技能型人才的原因。在大学生就业难的形势下，职业教育异军突起，近年来，越来越多初中生、高中生选择到职业学校学一门热门技术，甚至不少大学生在毕业后也选择回炉学技术，究其原因，还是在于技能型人才吃香所致。

20即将结束，为应对新的一年用人紧张形势，用人单位早已开始招聘人才。在成都新东方烹饪学校，众多餐饮企业纷纷到学校预聘毕业生，“一人难求”的现象在餐饮行业尤为严峻。据悉，未来五年，我国餐饮人才缺口将达到1000万，仅厨师人才缺口就将达到400万，厨师，已经成为社会公认的十大高薪职业之一，成为名符其实的黄金职业，在成都、重庆、南京、西安等二线城市，一个优秀的川菜厨师年薪平均在10万左右，像厨师长、行政总厨等，往往年薪数十万甚至上百万。

篇2：成熟人才难招应届毕业生“吃香”

成熟人才难招应届毕业生“吃香”

08月27日讯杭州昨举办高校毕业生专场，684人次达成初步就业意向

昨日，全国高校毕业生就业服务月杭州专场招聘会在杭州人才市场举行，当天共接待登记了2024人次的毕业生，达成初步选人择业意向的有684人次。

招聘单位突破预计参会数

据杭州市人才服务局工作人员介绍，听说要招应届毕业生，用人单位都十分积极，短短两三个工作日里招聘会的展位就全部被“抢”光，招聘单位还突破了预计的参会单位数。

昨日，共有网盛、胡庆余堂、麦当劳等144家用人单位提供了就业岗位3000余个。杭州青年专修学院、纳德大酒店等42家见习训练基地单位还要招聘600余名见习训练学员，有442人次的毕业生报名，达成初步见习训练意向的有128人次。

位于江东工业园区的浙江青年汽车集团以生产快速公交用车而闻名，昨日，该公司也来到招聘会现场广纳贤才。招聘会开场一个小时左右，该公司就收到了10余份简历。

“来应聘的基本上都是机械类专业的毕业生”，该公司人力资源部负责人金女士告诉记者，“目前要招到非常成熟的技术人员和高技能人才是件很困难的事情，因此，招收一些有潜力、可塑性较强的应届毕业生来进行人才储备，不失为一个很好的'选择，

今年我们公司已经招聘了50余名应届毕业生了。”

35个大学生创业项目亮相

昨日，招聘会现场还展示了湿伞包装机、自动售货机等35个有代表性的大学生创业项目，供有志于自主创业的毕业生现场观摩、交流、学习。此外，浙江工业大学徐晋教授、杭州亚思美容有限公司总裁江亮等10名创业导师坐镇现场，面对面为创业大学生提供专业的创业咨询与诊断服务。

“往年我们推出的创业项目，主要针对的是就业困难人员，项目也主要以餐饮等传统产业为主”，负责创业项目整合推广的杭州大地展览服务有限公司经理陈东说，“如今，越来越多的大学生投身创业，我们组织的创业项目也相应进行了调整，加入了更多充满个性和创意的项目，更适合大学生尝试。”

网络招聘会仍有千余岗位

据杭州市人才服务局工作人员介绍，在20全国高校毕业生就业服务月活动中，除了举办现场招聘、网络招聘、就业创业指导外，杭州人力社保部门还对本市生源未就业高校毕业生开展摸底调查，实行实名制信息登记，掌握未就业毕业生的实际情况，以便及时提供就业帮扶服务。

没赶上本次现场招聘会也别着急，在“杭州毕业生就业创业公共网”上有为期一个月的杭州高校毕业生网络招聘会，杭州十九楼网络传媒有限公司、杭州金鱼电器集团有限公司等99家用人单位在网上推出1293个岗位需求。

篇3：大学生就业调查报告出炉　理工吃香文科难就业

哪些专业就业率持续走低，哪些专业毕业生最抢手？第三方调查公司麦可思近日发布了最新一期的调查报告，首次披露了“就业困难”的10个“红牌专业”。

据了解，此次报告综合了麦可思从届到届的历年大学生就业报告，调查样本量达100多万份，可谓目前国内最权威的第三方就业调查数据。

“红黄绿牌”专业看这里

“红牌”专业主要指失业量较大，就业率持续走低，且薪资较低的高失业风险型专业。“黄牌”专业是指失业量相对较大，就业率走低，且薪资较低的专业。“绿牌”专业是指薪资、就业率持续走高，失业量较小的需求增长型专业。

本科专业中，被亮“红牌”的有：动画、法学、生物技术、生物科学与工程、数学与应用数学、体育教育、生物工程、计算机科学与技术、英语、国际经济与贸易。

被亮“黄牌”的有：美术学、艺术设计、统计学、电子信息科学与技术、公共事业管理、信息管理与信息系统、工商管理、汉语言文学。

被亮“绿牌”的有：地质工程、港口航道与海岸工程、船舶与海洋工程、石油工程、采矿工程、油气储运工程、矿物加工工程、过程装备与控制工程、水文与水资源工程。

高职专业中，被亮“红牌”的有：临床医学、法律文秘、计算机科学与技术、国际金融、工商管理、经济管理、法律事务、汉语言文学教育、计算机应用技术、电子商务；

被亮“黄牌”的有：计算机网络技术、计算机信息管理、物流管理、商务英语、会计电算化；

被亮“绿牌”的有：道路桥梁工程技术、生产过程自动化技术、应用化工技术、焊接技术及自动化、楼宇智能化工程技术。

为啥“绿牌”专业多是理工类？

为啥大部分“绿牌”专业都是理工类？很多家长都发现了这个问题。“这几年国家基础建设的力度很大，经济增长点的拉动主要还是靠基础建设、科技、加工、制造等产业，理工科特别是工科人才的需求量比文科要大一些。”华北水利水电学院招生就业处副处长马万明介绍，现在理工科学生普遍比文科学生就业好，有的工科专业一个毕业生甚至有三四个岗位可以挑。

专家分析，文科生就业难于理工科毕业生的原因主要有三方面：

一是文科如管理类、文史类专业性较弱，可替代性强，理工科的就业岗位文科生做不了，而文科生能做的不少岗位理工科毕业生同样可以适应。

二是近年来社会经济发展加速，尤其是基础建设飞速发展，对理工科毕业生需求量增大，而第三产业等容纳文科生就业弹性较大的服务业发展不足，新增岗位不足。

三是随着高校扩招，教学成本相对较低的文科专业招生增幅较大，加剧了文科类就业岗位的竞争。

家事国事天下事事事关心应对高考

“兵无常势，水无常形。”孙子用兵作战的这句名言，对于我们高考作文也非常贴切。尽管考题标新立异，但我们只要掌握了命题的特点和趋势，备考就会有条不紊，事半功倍。

命题、材料作文势头强劲

最近几年全国试卷、北京试卷和上海试卷、福建试卷、重庆试卷已显现多样化的格局，今后会继续保持多样化的特点。纵观近两年的18套高考试题，自登上舞台进而一统天下的话题作文，已失去了主宰地位。

而第一次投入视野的新材料作文，已占据半壁江山，全国卷一、全国卷二、北京、湖南、江西、辽宁、福建等共8份试题选择了形式多样的材料作文。另外半壁江山由命题作文占据，如：上海以“他们”为题、天津以“人之常情”为题、广东以“不要轻易说‘不’”为题等。这些命题作文，有的前面有材料及提示，然后引出题目；有的直接给出题目。

家事国事天下事都关心

通过研究前几年的高考作文试题，可以得到这样一个规律，作文命题在走人文教育的思路。从题型上看，话题仍然注重开放性与限制性的统一。从试题内容的表向来看，更注重关注生活，关注社会，关心自我。

高考作文命题从内容上讲，将更贴近学生实际，侧重学生的思维能力、思辨能力、创造创新能力的检验与考查，目的是让学生关注自然、关注社会、关注生活。要求学生不要做书呆子，“家事国事天下事事事关心”。

在写作时要注意三个问题，一是与自己的生活联系。二是把社会生活融入作文中去。三是文章一定要从“我”说起。社会人生是写作的源头活水。没有扎实的生活积累，没有对社会人生的深刻感悟，就无法写出优秀的文章来。

摒弃虚华形式注重真实内容

高考作文，内容充实尤为关键。内容充实就是文章质朴而不空泛说理，文辞实在而不空洞虚无。不说教条语、空洞话，也不大量堆砌人云亦云的道理或事实。议论要有根据，记叙描述要有血有肉。强调内容，强调的是作文要“言之有物”，要写出真实的生命感悟。

关注人的环境，关心人的修养，关怀人的情感，关照人的发展。从获得高分甚至满分的考生作文看，大多是能够在以上方面有上佳表现的文章。这样的作文，从针对的问题，材料的选择，写作的风格，使用的语言上，都不难看出个性特征，都显现着较强的文化底蕴和文学色彩。

篇4：就业白皮书技术类人才将“吃香”

就业白皮书技术类人才将“吃香”

机械及自动化专业：

需要复合型人才

权威发布：根据用人单位实际职位的统计数字反映，机械及自动化专业属于人才缺口比较大的专业之一。从智联招聘网最近一个月的有效统计数字来看，目前北京市场上对该专业的需求比较旺盛，仅从职位看，总共需求量有200多个。

记者调查：在上述需求职位中，技术类占到了40％，销售类占到了30％，客服类占到了20％，管理类占到了10％。而从行业来看，该专业的用人需求主要集中在制造业、汽车业、生物制药业、环保业以及快速消费品业。比如沃尔新（北京）自动设备有限公司、林德（中国）叉车有限公司北京分公司、蒙特空气处理设备（北京）有限公司、澳斯邦生物工程有限公司北京办事处、北京朗第伦索汽车燃气系统有限公司、北京桑德环保集团有限公司目前都有该专业的用人需求。

该专业目前需求职位主要包括，总经理、项目经理、电器技术员、电气工程师、普通销售、销售工程师、客服代表、服务工程师、销售服务工程师、食品及饮品制造行业高级销售工程师、采购员以及采购工程师等职位。

根据北京四大重点发展领域人才开发目录的要求，汽车制造业为该专业的毕业生提供了就业机会，招聘时需要具有机械设计及自动化专业背景，硕士及以上学位和中级及以上专业技术职务，具有相关工作经验和突出业绩，具有较强研发能力的人才。

就业预期：由于北京现代、北京吉普、北汽福田等汽车加工业的存在，北京目前应该是国内一个重要的汽车加工基地。另外，一些主营基础建设的自动设备的.公司，也有不小的人才需求，加上北京作为首都的地理优势，国外有关的业务公司会考虑把总部建在北京，这都有助于吸收并消化该专业的人才。

基于以上原因，智联招聘职业顾问郝建认为，这个行业的人才比较强调技术性。根据用人方的需求，他们都希望招聘到既有专业知识，又有会管理、懂开发、有销售知识和经验的复合型人才。所以，那些希望到外企工作的，除了应聘者专业知识要掌握好之外，外语能力绝对是不可忽视的环节。

化学化工类专业：

3－5年内不愁工作

权威发布：市人事局提供的数据表明，北京针对大学应届毕业生提供的职位总数为87000个，涉及1346个专业，化学及化工专业属于人才缺口比较大的专业之一。

记者调查：郝建分析，根据招聘网最近一个月的统计，目前北京市场上对该专业的需求比较大，从职位看，该专业在北京市场的总需求为575个。这些需求职位中，其中技术类、销售类、管理类职位为主。而从行业来看，该专业的用人需求主要集中在化工业、能源业、医药、生物制药业以及环保业。

该专业目前需求职位主要包括，总经理、项目经理、燃料工程师、工艺设计工程师、普通销售职业、销售工程师、高级销售工程师、采购工程师、售后服务工程师、能源化工研究员、普通技术员、技术工程师等职位。中国作为一个世界加工、外包的基地，企业在招聘时强调应聘者要熟悉国内机械设计与加工标准，有国际标准特别是欧洲与德国标准；甚至要求精通三维机械设计软件，熟练进行三维造型及平面图纸的绘制，而这正是高校学生的软肋；另外，几乎所有职位都强调良好的团队合作精神以及共同能力。

最新发布的智联招聘猎头报告指出，在北京远洋集团、中国石油、中国石化、燕山石化等企业，都有勘探工程师的岗位，由于这类人才在北京市场的储备比较少，加上工作环境辛苦等原因，该行业的转行现象比较严重，勘探工程师一般要求专业性质很强，而北京市场上目前勘探工程师的招聘通常需要3―5年的工作经验，该职位的年薪保守估计在10万元左右。

就业预期：根据北京市“十一五”发展规划：要依托燕山石化，重点发展环境污染小、资源消耗少、附加值高的化工新型材料、精细化工制造业，可以看出燕山石化、大宝、宝洁、双鹤医药、四环制药等石油化工、精细化工、生物制药以及能源企业在北京经济发展中的主要作用，所以，该专业在未来3到5年内的需求应该比较稳定。

郝建分析，这个行业对人才的技术性要求也比较强，比如工艺设计工程师职位，要求应聘者具有煤化工、炼油、乙烯、聚乙烯、聚氯乙烯等工艺；而燕山石化的润滑产品在招聘销售人才时，就要求应聘者懂得一定的汽车知识，了解汽车的驱动原理。

电子科学与技术专业：

进入外企机会较多

权威发布：电子科学与技术专业也是人才缺口比较大的专业之一。根据招聘网最近一个月的统计，目前北京市场上对该专业的需求比较大，从职位看，该专业在北京市场的总需求为1822个。

记者调查：上述需求职位主要集中在电子、半导体、仪器、仪表等行业，这些行业吸纳该专业人才占到了70％以上。

根据北京市“十一五”发展规划，集成电路是未来的主要发展方向之一。规划指出，要以设计为重点，以制造和测试为支撑，带动集成电路产业资源集聚，完善半导体材料和集成电路设计、制造、封装、检测共同发展的产业链。要依靠龙头企业带动光电显示产业链的形成，重点发展LCD（液晶显示）、OLED（有机电致发光显示）、LED（发光二极管）等显示产品，加快建设光电显示产业基地。

智联招聘1月20日的搜索数据显示，该行业管理职位占到了10％，工程技术类占到了80％，销售类职位占到了15％，客服等其他占到了5％。该专业北京市场目前需求职位主要是，技术工程师、现场技术员、IC技术开发工程师、电器工程师、高级技术员、销售工程师、销售代表、销售助理等。

根据市人事局20北京四大重点发展领域人才开发目录的要求，企业在吸纳集成电路产业人才时，要求具有电子材料与元器件、微电子技术、计算机软件等专业背景学士及以上学位，两年以上研发工作经历且具有良好外语水平的复合型人才。而装备制造产业人才具有机电一体化、电气技术、物理电子和光电子技术等专业背景，要求学士及以上学位，熟悉机电一体化、光电一体化、光（电）制造技术、激光技术与计算机辅助设计的复合型人才。

就业预期：郝建分析，目前飞利浦电子、松下电器、富士通、GE（通用电器）、联想、大连万达、施耐德电器、ABB中国有限公司、西门子中国有限公司、中国科学院自动化研究所的项目助理是专门针对应届生的职位。这里面外企较多。该职位主要是配合项目经理完成工矿企业项目实施，客户培训等工作。配合开发、测试工作。所以要求应聘者具有机电一体化、自动化相关专业正规院校全日制大专以上学历或高教自考学历。如果有工矿企业客服经验者优先。看来，这个行业给应届生提供了宽松进入的可能，但行业经验不足是他们普遍存在的问题。

北京娱乐信报

篇5：是什么造成了大学生就业难？

大学生就业难，与工作经验关系不大

招聘会场中，随处可见“X年工作经验”这样的要求，大学生不能将就业难归咎于工作经验，因为别人有的你没有，但你有的别人也没有，虽然你没有工作经验，但你有可塑性。

不少大企业每年都有校园招聘，而且规模比社会招聘还要大，他们看重的就是大学生的理论水平和可塑性。不要拿自己的弱项去比别人的强项，只要发挥出自己的强项，照样可以纵横职场。

可悲的是，现实让大学生认清了一点他们自己没有的优势，这本来是好事，但大学生身上应该有的优势也找不到了，这就问题了。企业需要经验，但是也需要理论，并不是放弃理论只抓经验。

有一次，我在某知名财经院校招聘，某人力资源专业的学生前去应聘，因为是学生，我就随机问了几个课本上的理论常识。我问他学过哪些绩效考核的理论，随口而来的那几个MBO、360、KPI、BSC他居然一个也答不上来，你说，即使他有工作经验，我能录用他吗？

大学生们，任何的工作实践是需要理论去指导的，熟练掌握专业理论知识是你们必须去做的功课。工作经验固然重要，但对大学生来讲，理论知识比经验更重要，放下课本去社会上混上几天工作经验然后用这几天的皮毛功底去忽悠那些阅人无数的招聘经理们，这，才是最得不偿失的。

大学生就业难，与所学专业的关系不大

在职业市场中，对求职成功起关键作用的因素，不是专业是否对口，而是专业之外的其他东西，这也是比专业更重要的东西，比如心态，比如感性与理性，比如敏感程度，比如适应能力等等，这些素质也是在大学这几年中积累起来的。说到这，你还抱怨你的专业没有吸引力吗？

由于工作关系，近些年接触到很多大学生，谈其就业难的问题，不少都说到专业。“我这个专业不好找工作，太宏观了”，“我学的这个专业理论性太强，而且又没地方实践”，这类观点非常多。

有的人对我说：我学的是工商管理，这专业太宏观了，而且刚毕业的学生，谁让我去管。我这样反驳了他：第一，专业宏观不是找工作难的原因，会计学不宏观，可学会计的学生为什么还有大批人也找不到工作呢？第二，如果说你是刚毕业的学生，没人让你管，那这几年的大学你是白上了，管理不仅仅是管人，作为基层的管理人员，更重要的是管事。不少大学生，一谈到管理，首先想到的是管人，这点是应该改变的，对于大多数人来说，管理就是管事。

就业的出路与专业的关系并不大，一些文科类的专业更是如此。拓展视野和知识面、提高分析问题的能力、强化适应环境的能力和建立积极的心态才是你求职的法宝。

大学生就业难，是职业规划缺失的必然结果

与已经毕业的大学生谈职业规划，已经有点迟了，但亡羊补牢，为时未晚。职业规划，早在高考后填报志愿的那会就开始了，填报志愿的一个主要依据就是职业规划，要想好以后要从事什么职业，才能选择适合的专业。上文我曾说专业不是求职的关键，并不是说大家就可以丢掉专业，专业是必须慎重去选的。

我见过很多处于求职状态的人，他们有大学生，也有工作过一段时间又跳槽的。他们普遍存在的问题就是：处于职业的迷茫期，不清楚自己适合做什么。

职业规划的理论知识在这里我就不讲了，我举个例子。我现在所在的公司是物业行业，招聘保安员是日常工作之一。每次我上网打开招聘网页，都会有不少简历发过来，而且我发现里面有很多大学生，本科也不在少数。我心里还在想，现在的大学生越来越务实了，知道找工作难，愿意从底层做起了，是个好趋势。可是电话打过去，人却来不了几个，即使偶尔有来的，谈了几句话，我就发现他的职业方向不在这里，我就想，既然他不想做这工作，还发这个简历干嘛，难道是短期行为，找个临时性工作，通过继续交谈，让我失望的是，这飞来的简历连短期行为都不是，不少大学生在网上发简历，看到招聘，鼠标一点，不管什么岗位，简历就飞过去了，职业目标几乎就是空缺的。

没有做过调查，不敢妄言，我希望这样的大学生是少数。毕竟这样的大学生是对自己的不负责，对企业的不负责，是在浪费金钱，浪费时间，浪费自己的青春岁月。

大学生们，要尽早为自己做个职业规划，为自己的职业定位。职业定位不求精准，总该有个方向，有了职业锚，你的求职才会有的放矢。

篇6：大学生就业难英语论文

College students are a valuable resource for the nation. It is the hope of the nation and the future of the motherland. It is the backbone of building a well-off society in an all-round way and realizing national rejuvenation. With the increase of the number of college graduates, it has become the focus of the society, colleges, families and students to effectively solve the problem of the employment of college graduates.

1. The current situation of college students' employment difficulties.

According to statistics, in 2004 China's college graduates 2.8 million, 680000 increase over 2003, 2005, 3.4 million, the net gain of 580000 than in 2004, in 2007 the national ordinary university graduates will reach 4.95 million. More than 2006, 750000 people, 22%, a record high. While the number of new graduates has increased year by year, the number of unemployed graduates has risen steadily. It is reported that the number of unemployed graduates in 2004 was 690,000. In 2005, the number was 790,000. In 2006, it reached 930,000. These data strongly suggest that the college students are faced with the difficulty of employment of the gravity of the situation, task, and work in the long-term. Be fully prepared for ideological understanding and psychological. Society puts forward new requirements to personnel qualities.

2. The root of difficult employment for college students.

2.1 search for roots in society.

2.1.1 imperfect social market system.

In the modern era of college students' employment has changed the traditional planned economy “series, packages, tube” mode, instead of college students and unit of choose and employ persons “meet the supply and demand”, “two-way choice”, university students' employment into the market. However, the imperfect social employment market system, the inadequate laws and regulations, is one of the root causes of employment difficulties for college students.

2.1.2 concept of employing unit.

Now. The unit of choose and employ persons blindly increase the standard of choose and employ persons in terms of talent introduction. Conditions are increasingly demanding, diploma is no longer the only “passport” to the ideal career, in addition to advocating education, graduates with good professional knowledge and skills. Also ask its has a good ideological and moral qualities, strong working ability, practice ability and innovative spirit, and most graduates are often not able to completely accords with the demand of unit of choose and employ persons, “abandon” for a number of unit of choose and employ persons. In addition, there is the issue of gender discrimination in employment. Many employers' advertisements clearly specify “only male” or “men first”.

2.2 find the source from the university itself.

2.2.1 talent training mode.

In the new era of education need to constantly innovate. To meet the needs of the development. At present, problems of our country's higher education mode is a professional divided carefully, diameter is relatively narrow, not conducive to the development of the students: only pay attention to the theoretical knowledge to the students. Ignore to the student ability quality of ascension as well as the students' comprehensive quality education: speak only academic study, ignore the vocational skills: combined with the weak teachers and teaching quality after enrolment, all these caused the knowledge, ability and level is not adapt to each other. Lead to college students is hard to do jobs, employment difficult.

2.2.2 the employment guidance is not effective.

Some colleges and universities cannot provide the corresponding employment guidance service for college students, to make it difficult for college students to obtain employment. First, the employment guidance for graduates is not practical. Lack of understanding of the needs of the talent market, lack of effective employment guidance system, lack of professional experience and business capability. Secondly, there is no career planning and employment guidance for students throughout the whole teaching process. Some only offer career guidance courses when students are about to graduate, only for the graduates, not included in the school students, the guidance scope is small. Moreover, most employment guidance forms are simple and simple, and do not start from the actual college students.

2.2.3 “production and marketing” imbalance.

As the enrollment expansion of colleges and universities. Some universities offer “popular professional” blindly, lack what is what. Ignored the market share of “product”. The graduate students to question, the result is excess talent supply and demand. “marketing”.

2.3 find the source of the students themselves.

2.3.1 high expectations.

College students' expectations of career choice are generally high and their sense of social responsibility is weak. There is an obvious mismatch between the willingness of choosing a career and the demand of society for talents. Expectations are too high, which can lead to the frustration of choosing a career and the loss of opportunity.

Therefore, it is very important to guide university students to establish reasonable career expectations. Due to higher education at the university of investment on the home front. Students after graduation is also expected to get the corresponding returns. Therefore likely to cause “industry is” and “unemployed can” two contradictions co-exist. Other students set goals for themselves during career planning.

Regulation itself in a few years as a manager, in a few years to become the boss and so on. Holding the college students is to make the idea of “white collar”. Put down shelves, and the lack of the spirit of the feet on the ground from the grassroots once began. These exorbitant requirements lead to the “high and low” mentality of college students in choosing a career, which ultimately leads to a difficult employment situation.

2.3.2 the self-quality needs to be improved.

Some graduates overestimate their own qualities and abilities, and cannot meet the requirements of employers.

2.3.3 lack of entrepreneurial awareness.

The traditional employment outlook restricts the successful employment of college students, and the college students generally have the ideas of “waiting”, “leaning” and “wanting”, and lack of entrepreneurial spirit and independent entrepreneurial consciousness. In the face of today's huge market entrepreneurial platform. The graduates would rather be existing employment market cheap replacement with competitors, is not willing to achieve a breakthrough, the self is not willing to go along with the road of entrepreneurship.

2.3.4 ideas need to be changed.

Some students when choosing a subconscious dominated by traditional ideas, the only target in government departments, institutions, public ownership enterprise, foreign enterprise, think these units are “iron rice bowl”, guaranteed a steady job. Some students also choose coastal developed areas such as Beijing, Shanghai and shenzhen, which also impose limitations on employment.

3. Ways to solve the difficult employment of college students.

3.1 perfect the job market for college students.

The government should play a positive and main role in improving the employment market of college students, optimizing the employment environment of college students and improving the laws and regulations of the employment market. On the one hand, the government is trying to expand the demand for the job market. At present, we should give priority to developing industries and enterprises with large space for employment growth, and vigorously develop the tertiary industry. We will increase the development of the western region and provide more jobs. On the other hand, the government has introduced preferential policies to encourage college students to choose jobs in underdeveloped areas such as the west or the grassroots. At present, the problem of overconcentration of college students is particularly prominent, and the government needs to strengthen guidance on this phenomenon. In the country's latest employment policy for college students, it is said: encourage college graduates to work in the grassroots and hard work areas. Governments at all levels to create working conditions for the college graduates. Main enrich the urban communities and rural villages and towns grass-roots unit. Engaged in education, health, public security, agricultural extension, poverty alleviation and other social public welfare undertakings. In hard work for two years or more than two years, enter oneself for an examination the graduate student, should give priority to recommend, admission to enter oneself for an examination party and government organs and apply for the position of state-owned enterprises and institutions, under the same conditions, priority should be accepted. We will encourage all enterprises and institutions, especially small and medium-sized enterprises and private enterprises and institutions, to hire graduates from universities and colleges, and the relevant government departments shall provide them with convenient conditions and corresponding services. The provincial capital cities should earnestly implement relevant policies and remove restrictions on hukou. In addition, the government should strengthen the ability of macro-control, and make plans for education to adapt to the overall plan of social development. Finally, colleges and universities should further broaden the employment channels. We should boldly try new ways, intensify external publicity, collect information of employers extensively, and set up a certain information database of employers. Actively contact the employing units and establish friendly cooperative relations with them to form a virtuous circle of employment.

3.2 raise the entrepreneurial awareness of college students.

College students should make great efforts to cultivate pioneering consciousness. In the face of the severe employment situation, the implementation of the development strategy of expanding employment, job creation and encourage entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities. To improve the current difficult employment situation has the very vital significance. The entrepreneurship of college graduates can not only provide more jobs for the society, reduce the employment pressure, but also benefit the overall development of college students. As new peak into the working age population. College students entrepreneurship can not only improve graduates employment problem, at the same time can provide other underemployed workers in society with more jobs, to achieve the ideal of entrepreneurship to create more employment opportunities. However, starting a business requires the efforts of the society, universities and students to complete the employment. Society should give graduates to provide a good business environment and the effective laws and regulations safeguard system, in colleges and universities should focus on cultivating students' innovative consciousness, the student individual should have the spirit of striving, bold innovation.

3.3 adjust the training mode of university talents.

The talent training mode should adapt to the needs of college students' job market. Colleges and universities should predict the future demand of talents according to the whole economic environment, rationally adjust the professional structure, and determine the majors and scale of admission. In terms of classroom teaching, universities should change the traditional education ideas and modes of talent training, transferring from one-sided focus on professional knowledge education to at the same time pay attention to cultivate students' quality and comprehensive ability of track, including professional and technical ability, interpersonal ability, thinking ability and innovation ability, etc. Strengthen the cultivation of practical and hands-on ability, strengthen practice. To broaden the students' knowledge, improving students' innovation consciousness. In addition, colleges and universities can also through the establishment of system of scholarship, university-enterprise cooperation, directional cultivating way. Take appropriate the specific requirements of the unit of choose and employ persons of the talent training scheme, to cultivate “relevant” production and sales of college graduates in advance.

3.4 improve the employment guidance system.

Colleges and universities should establish a career guidance center. For students to enter the university after graduation in the future to the employment problem should focus on all the way, often in the form of lectures, discussions and other to do a good job of college students' employment guidance.

3.4.1 establish the correct concept of employment.

On the one hand, college students can't always stare at “hot” jobs. With the change of society, the old industries are disappearing and new industries are constantly being produced. What used to be regarded as “humble” work, but more able to exercise people's skills. On the other hand, to set up a diversified employment outlook cannot wait until graduation to decide whether to take the postgraduate entrance exam, go abroad or work. Some students just don't think about going to the postgraduate entrance exam after work, or turning to work after failing in the exam. These are all aimless behaviors. Only early preparation can form a clear career goal in college, so that you won't be confused when you graduate. Finally, you can't miss the boat. Take the opportunity to remember that “opportunity knocks but once.” Some graduates lose the best chance to choose a career in order to be able to move into a more desirable work unit and wait for their immediate employer. Graduates should be good at grasping the opportunity of employment. Timely sign employment agreement with employers.

3.4.2 cultivate college students' employability.

To help students to master more skills for employment. How to prepare the interview material, including resume, honorary certificate, qualification certificate, etc., how to use language allows businesses to get to know you. How to find a good job market in large, looking at enterprise development potential, and so on. These seemingly simple employability requires comprehensive guidance to students by the employment guidance center. Employment guidance also includes guidance on college students' psychological quality and psychological endurance. Strengthen the training of education and anti-frustration ability of the graduates, and pay attention to the students with mental unhealthy or family difficulties, and conduct timely guidance.

译文:

大学生是国家宝贵的人才资源.是民族的希望、祖国的未来，是全面建设小康社会、实现民族复兴的中坚力量。随着高校毕业生人数的增加.有效地解决高校毕业生就业难的问题，已成为社会、高校、家庭及学生共同关注的焦点。