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篇1：高一英语第二十四单元The Secret of Farming
科目 英语
年级 高一
文件 high1 unit24.doc
标题 The Science of farming
章节 第二十四单元
关键词 高一英语第二十四单元
内容
单词和词组
be busy with 忙着做…… knock out of……敲出来 point out……指出
turn over 翻转 go against 违背 year after year 一年又
agree to do sth. 同意做…… advise sb. to do sth. advise that（疑问代词）…advise + n. /doing……
日常交际用语
谈论天气：1.What’s the weather like ?
2. What’s the weather going to be like at the weekend ?
3. How’s the weather in your hometown ?
It’s fine / cloudy / rainy / windy .
语法：疑问句的间接引语表达方式。
一、直接引语是一般疑问句，变成间接引语时，要把一般疑问句变成由if或whether引导的宾语从句，语序为陈述句语序。
①He asked me : “Am I wrong ?”
He asked me if he was wrong .
②I asked her . “Are you in charge of the office?”
I asked her whether she was in charge of the office ?”
二、直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，要保留疑问代词，并用陈述语序。
① “Where did you park the car ?” she asked her husband .
She asked her husband where he parked the car ?
②They asked me : “Why don’t you write to your aunt and uncle ?”
They asked me why I didn’t write to my aunt and uncle .
Unit 24 The Science of farming
教学重点/难点
1.(Lesson 93) He is always busy with his farm work . 他总是忙于他的农场工作。
be busy with……忙于。例如：
①He was busy day and night with conferences . 他整天忙着开会。
②He pretended to be busy with some work . 他假装忙着什么事。
2.What’s the weather going to be like at the weekend ? ──周末天气如何？
──It’s going to be wet and windy . ──潮湿，有风。
询问天气情况通常用 “What’s the weather like……?”回答用 “It is……”； “What’s the weather going to be like……?”答语为 “It’s going to be……”； “How is the weather in……?”
例如：
① “What’s the weather like today in New York ?” ──今天纽约的天气怎么样？
── “It’s fine .” ──晴。
②──What’s the weather going to be like tomorrow in Chicago ?
──明天芝加哥的天气怎么样？
②── “It’s going to be very cold . /rainy / snowy / cloudy .
──明天会很冷/有雨/下雪/多云。
3. be made of……由……制成，这种材料可以看得出来，例如：
①These forks are made of metal . 这些叉子是用金属做成的。
②That dam is made of stone . 大坝是石头的。
be made from……由……制成，这种原料在成品中看不出来。
③These wine is made from fruit . 这种酒是由水果制成的。
④These cakes are made from flour and eggs . 这些蛋糕是由面粉和鸡蛋做成的。
4.(Lesson94) While people in other countries in the world were trying to catch wild animals and birds were still collecting seeds and nuts , farmers in China were developing the science of agriculture .
当世界上其它国家的人民还在捕猎飞禽走兽，采集种子和坚果的时候，中国的农民就已经从事农业科学研究了。
While作连词，引导状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。
①We must strike while the iron is hot . 趁热打铁。
②Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion . 不要在车没停稳的时候上下车。
③He was driking orange juice while the rest of us drank whisky . 我们都在喝威士忌，他在喝桔汁。
④She listened closely while he read . 她凑得很近地听他念。
5.Then he returned home and spent his time on research into agriculture . 后来他回乡从事农业科学的研究。
research . n. 研究，探索 research into / in……对……进行研究
①This is an important problem which too few social scientists have researched into .
这是一个只有极少数社会学家从事研究的重要的问题。
6.He collected information , studied it , did experiments and learnt from the experiences of farmers .
他收集信息进行研究和实验，并且从农民那学习经验。
experience n. 经验，体验，阅历，在表示“某方面的经验”时，后接of或in，例如
①He is a man with an experience of forty years at sea .
他是一位有四十年航海经验的人。
②We learnt all this by (though) experience .
我们是从经验中学到这一切的。
③He told us about his experience in Egypt .
他给我们讲了他在埃及的经历。
④Have you much experience in / of learning foreign language ?
你在学习外语方面的经验多吗？
7. He advised farmers to choose the best seed-heads , the ones that had the best colour .
他劝告农民要挑选最好的谷穗，也就是那些颜色最好的谷穗。
advise v. 建议，给……出主意advise + n / sb. to do / that (where , how , whether……)……/ doing .
①We advised an early start . 我们建议早点动身。
②What do you advise me to do ? 你建议我做什么？
③Will you advise me which of them to buy ? 你能给我出出主意买什么吗？
④I advise waiting till the proper time . 我建议等到适当的时候。
“the onces”是同位语，指代seed-heads . ones是可数名词的复数形式，单数用one.例如：
①This pair of shoes doesn’t fit me . can you give me another one ?
这双鞋我穿的不合适，能再拿一双吗？
②These books are too difficult for me ; I want some easier ones .
这些书对我来说太难了，我想要点容易的。
8. In the following spring , the seeds should be knocked out of the seed-heads and sown .
到第二年春天，把种子从谷穗里打出来，然后再播种。
knock…out of… 把…从…里面敲打出来。
The sudden blow knocked two teeth out of his mouth .
突如其来的一击，把他的两颗牙敲掉了。
9. He studied how to improve soil conditions .
他研究如何改善土壤状况。
condition n. 状况，条件，环境，其复数通常表示一般，笼统的情况，环境，前面用under or in。表示人或物处于某种“状态”，一般用不可数名词，但可加不定冠词。例如：
①The doctor said that the patient was in good condition . 医生说病人的状况不错。
②Economic conditions were very bad . 经济情况很不好。
10. He pointed out that it was important to remove weeds before sowing seed in the soil .
他指出，播种前先要清除杂草，这点非常重要。
point out .指出
①The teacher pointed out that the first sentence of each paragraph was the topic sentence .
老师指出每段的第一句是主题句。
②Can you point out the church in this picture ?
你能从这张图上指出教堂吗？
11. The soil should also be turned over with a fork so that……
还应该用耙翻地，以除掉杂草。
turn over：翻转，翻身
①Turn the egg over . Don’t make it burnt . 翻一下鸡蛋，别让它糊了。
②He turned over a page or two , but was not interested . 他翻了一两页，但是不感兴趣。
③He turned over in bed . 他在床上辗转反侧。
turn over：仔细考虑
①He turned the new idea over in his mind . 他反复考虑这个新想法。
②He turned the question over in his mind . 他反复考虑这个问题。
12. He wrote a book called Qi Min Yao Shu during the years 533-544.
533-544年间，他写了《齐民要术》。
《齐民要术》，贾思勰著，是我国完整保存至今最早的一部古农书，全书92篇，分为10类，共113字，分别论述各类农作物，蔬菜、瓜果、竹木的栽培，家畜、家禽的饲养，农产品加工和副业经营等。
13. Here are five pieces of advice collected from Jia Si Xis’s book Qi Min Yao Shu .
下面五条意见都是从贾思勰的《齐民要术》一书中收集到的。
Here is / are……是一个倒装句型。
①Here are some examples .
②Now here the bus is coming . Here it is . 汽车开过来了它来了。
这句话也可以说：Here comes the bus .
③Here are some good phrases and sentences collected from the newspaper .
这儿是从报纸上搜集到的好的短语和句子。
!4. But if you go against nature and do things at the wrong time of year ,……
但是如果你不顺科自然，不适时耕作……
go against .“违反”、“违背”
①The game is going against them . 比赛情况对他们不利。
②They are going against our wishes . 他们违背了我们的愿望。
③It goes against my principles . 这违反我的原则。
15. Do not plant , for example , rice year after year in the same field .
例如，在同一块地里，不要年复一年地种稻谷。
year after year：年复一年地，一年一年地，常用来表示逐年重复。
①Year after year I have tad a letter from my teacher . 每年我都收到老师的来信。
②We have been to that place for a holiday year after year . 我们每年都在那度假。
The Great Wall of China winds across the country like a giant stone snake . It is 1,500 miles long . The wall crosses mountains and rivers . It reaches from the ocean on the east to the desert on the west .
The Chinese began their wall more than 2,000 years ago . They worked on it for hundreds of years . The Chinese wanted to keep out their enemies .
At the bottom , the wall is 25 feet wide . At the top it is about 15 feet wide . The sides of the wall are made of stone and brick , while the inside is filled with earth . Parts of the wall rise as high as three-story building . Every 100 yards along the Great Wall there was a watchtower where soldiers used to stand to watch for enemies approaching (到来). The road on top of the wall is wide enough for two wagons (马车)to pass . If we were to build such a wall now , we would use modern machines . But the Chinese had to build the wall all by hand . If the Wall were in our country , it would reach from the state of New York to Nebraska . The Great Wall of China is the longest wall ever built .
1. The Great Wall of China is .
A. 15,000 inches long B. 10,500 yeards long
C. 150 feet long
2. The story does not say so , but it makes you think that the Great Wall .
A. has a gate every 100 yards B. is used as a road today
C. is still as useful today as it was
3. The inside of the Great Wall is filled with .
A. brick B. stone C. both A and B
4. What is meant by the sentence , “The Great Wall winds across the country like a giant stone snake ?”
A. It stops the wind from blowing B. It can move
C. It looks like a snake
5. Which of these sentences do you think is right ?
A. The Great Wall of China was built with modern machinary .
B. The Great Wall goes from New York to Nebraska .
C. There are many snakes inside the Great Wall .
答案： D A B C B
篇2：九年级英语第二十四单元
科目 英语
年级 初三
文件 middle3 unit24.doc
标题 Mainly Revision
章节 第二十四单元
关键词
内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
rock , hardly , low , rise , famous , photograph , at the foot of , at all , fly over , a line of mountains , ask for
Ⅱ. 句型学习
I like writing to my penfriend , but it takes a lot of time .
Though much of its land is sand , it grows a lot of fruit .
Hardly any .
None at all .
Ⅲ. 交际英语
谈论某一国家的地理位置及气候、特征。
【指点迷津】
单元重点词汇点拨
1 . take 耗费 ( 时间 ) ；需要 ( 多少时间 )
It may take me several weeks to get back .
It will take them three hours to do this work .
This work will take them three hours .
〖点拨〗take 的过去式took，过去分词 taken。It takes sb . some time to do sth . 某人花费多少时间做某事。
2 . rock 岩石；大石头
They found a good place in the rocks .
〖点拨〗rock 主要指巨石、暗礁，stone 主要指小石块。
3 . hardly 几乎不；简直不
I'm so tired that I can hardly walk .
That is hardly possible .
There is hardly a cloud in the sky .
〖点拨〗hardly 作“简直不”讲时，多和 can 连用，hardly 后面可以接用 when 引导的从句，意思是“一……就……”。如：He had hardly walked into the classroom when it began to rain cats and dogs . 他刚一进教室，天就下起了大雨。
4 . sky 天空
There were no clouds in the sky .
〖点拨〗sky 通常用作单数，与定冠词连用。如有形容词修饰时，可与不定冠词连用。
a blue sky 蔚蓝的天空。in the sky在天空。
5 . rise 上升，上涨
The sun rises in the east .
After the heavy rain the river will rise .
Prices continue to rise .
〖点拨〗rise 的过去式是rose，过去分词为 risen。rise 是不及物动词，表示的是自然界中，日、月、水位、物价等的自然上升。
6 . grass 草，草地
Sheep live on grass .
Keep off the grass ! 请勿践踏草地 ！
〖点拨〗grass常作不可数名词用。a leaf of grass 一片草叶。
7 . famous 著名的
The town is famous for its hot springs .
He is a famous man .
〖点拨〗be famous for 以……而著名。be famous as 作为……而出名。
My uncle is famous for his songs .
Her sister is famous as a singer .
单元词组思维运用
1 . neither of 两者皆不
Neither of my parents enjoys good health . 我父母的身体都不健康。
〖说明〗①neither of 只表示“两个人或物都不”，不能用来表示两个以上的人或物。谓语动词用单数。若表示两个以上的人或物，就得用 none , not one , not any .
②both of 则表示“两者都”，either of 则表示“两者中任一”，如：
Both of them have come . 他们俩都来了。
Neither of them has come . 他们俩都没来。
Either of them has come . 他们俩全都来了。
〖说明〗both of 着重指整体“两者都”，either 虽然也有“两者都”之意，但强调“两者中的任何一个”。故：both of 作主语时，谓语动词用复数。either of 作主语时，谓语动词用单数。作形容词时，both 修饰复数名词，either 修饰单数名词。neither 作形容词，也是修饰单数名词。如：
You can sit on either of the end of the boat .
Both answers are correct . 两个答案都对。
Either answer is correct . 两个 ( 中的任何一个 ) 答案都对。
Neither answer is correct . 两个答案都不对。
2 . at first 起初，开始时
At first the baby was happy . Half an hour later she began to cry .
at last 最后，终于／at the beginning of 起初
At last he had an idea . 终于，他有了主意。
I found a job at the beginning of last month . 上月初我找到一份工作。
3 . climb up 攀登，爬上
There he gets out of the lift and climbs up to the fifteenth floor on foot .
4 . at the foot of 在……的底部 ( 脚下 )
There is a small river at the foot of the hill .
5 . go down 下去， ( 日，月等 ) 落下
The sun has gone down .
The wind has gone down a little .
6 . have a great time =enjoy oneself过得愉快极了
I had a great time during the holidays .
―Did you have a great time at her birthday party ?
―Yes , we had a great ( good , nice , wonderful ) time .
7 . at all 全然；究竟
①用于否定句，意为“一点儿也不”，“完全不”。
I didn't understand anything at all .
No problem at all . 完全不成问题。
②用于疑问句，意为“究竟”，“到底”，“真的”。
Do you know it at all ?
8 . be interested in 对…感兴趣
At the age of eight he became very interested in maths .
9 . have a big smile 满面笑容
You can see from my photograph that I have a big smile and long black hair .
He had a big smile when I met him next .
10 . ask for 要求，约请
Mary asked for time to think this over .
11 . be covered with 覆盖着
The table is covered with a cloth .
The mountains were covered with snow .
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1 . 由 though 引导的状语从句的句型
Though I like writing to my penfriend , it takes a lot of time . 虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但花了很多时间。
※ 由连词 though ( 虽然 ) 引导的状语从句，全句中有“但是”之意，然而 thought 与 but 不能前后连用，只能用其中一个。上句也可以说成：
I like writing to my penfriend , but it takes a lot of time .
※ though 引出的从句放在句首时，从句后面要有逗号。但也可将 though 引出的状语从句放在主句之后。
Though it was raining , he went there .
He didn't do this work well though he did his best . 虽然他尽了最大努力，但还是没干好这工作。
※ though 常与 even 连用，表示强调。如：
Even though I didn't understand a word , I kept smiling .
2 . 由 after 引导的时间状语从句的句型
But after we left the mountains behind us , there was hardly a cloud in the sky . 然而当我们把群山峻岭甩在后面后，天空几乎万里万云。
※ after we left the mountains behind us，是由连词 after 引导的时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句的还可由 when , while , before , till , since 等词引起。
leave behind 是“把 ( 某物 ) 留在 ( 某物 ) 的后面”。
由 after 引导的时间状语从句举例如下：
After we had finished lunch , we all sat on the grass .
※ after 引导的从句，有时放在主句之后。如：
I arrived at the station after the train had left .
3 . They say that… =It is said that … 据说
…and they say that there are ten sheep for every person . 据说每人占有十头羊。
句中的 they 并没有具体的对象，泛指人们 ( people ) 。
They say that… =People say that… =It is said that… 如：
It is said that he will leave in a few days . 据说他过几天就要动身。
4 . How often do you write ? 你们隔多久通一次信 ?
( 1 ) How often 常用来询问动作的频率，回答可用：some times／very often／not too often／once／twice／three times a year…有时／经常／一年一次 ( 二次／三次 ) 等。例如：
―How often do you go to see your grandmother in the countryside ? 你多久去看一次住在农村的祖母 ?
―Twice a year . 一年去两次。
( 2 ) 注意下面以 how 提问的句子的准确含意。
―How long have you waited here ?
― For about two hours .
how long 表示动作或状态“延续的时间”。
―How much time did you spend on this work ?
― Just a week .
how much time 表示一个“总的时间量”。
5 . …because neither of us has much time . ……因为我们俩没有太多的时间。
neither 意为：两者中任意一个“都不”。所以句中的相关动词或名词应该用单数形式。此句中用 has , 不能用 have。句中的 neither 是代词。例如：
Neither answer is right . 两个答案都不对。 ( 两者中，无论哪个答案都不对。 )
句中的 neither 是形容词，名词 answer 及动词 be 都用单数形式。
Neither of them knows her . 他们俩都不认识她。
6 . Both John and Ann have got penfriends . 约翰和安 ( 两人 ) 都有笔友。
( 1 ) both…and…“对方都；又……又……”，构成关联连词。例如：
She is both beautiful and kind . 她又漂亮又亲切。
She can both sing and dance . 她能歌善舞。
( 2 ) both 在句中还常作形容词和代词。例如：
Both brothers are in Japan . ( both 是形容词 )
Both of the brothers are in Japan . ( both 是代词 )
I saw them both yesterday .
They both went out .
neither…nor…与 either…or…的用法：
neither…nor… ( 连词 ) “既不……又不……”。例如：
It is neither hot nor cold .
Neither you nor he is right . =Neither he nor you are right .
either…or… ( 连词 ) “或……或……”。例如：
Either you or he is right . =Either he or you are right .
7 . …but I can't spend much time on it . ……但我不能在它上面花很多的时间。
( 1 ) spend time on something “在某事上花时间”。例如：
I spent two hours on my homework .
( 2 ) spend money on something “花钱买东西”。例如：
He spent about four hundred yuan on this bicycle .
( 3 ) spend time ( in ) doing something “花时间做某事”。例如：
The young man spent three years ( in ) writing that book .
8 . Though I like writing to my penfriend , it takes a lot of time . 虽然我喜欢给笔友写信，但花了很多时间。
( 1 ) though 连词，“虽然”，引出一个状语从句。汉语中常说“虽然……但是……”，但在英语中用了 though , 就不用 but ; 同样用了 but 就不用 though。上面的句子也可说成：I like writing to my penfriend , but it takes a lot of time .
( 2 ) though 引出的从句放在句首时，从句后要写逗号，也可将 though 引出的从句放在主句后。例如：
Though it rained heavily , the football match still went on .
He didn't do this work well though he did his best .
9 . We've just returned from a short holiday at Ayers Rock . 我们刚从艾尔斯山短期度假归来。
( 1 ) return from a holiday “度假后回来”
( 2 ) Ayers Rock “艾尔斯山”，澳大利亚中部山脉。
10 . …so we flew most of the way . ……所以我们大部分旅途都乘飞机。
( 1 ) so 在此意为“因此，所以”，在句中作连词，因此不能说成 because…so… , 两个词只能分别使用一个。
( 2 ) flew 是 fly 的过去式。
11 . From Sydney we flew over a line of mountains in the southeast . 从悉尼起飞，我们越过澳大利亚东部的一系列山脉。
( 1 ) fly over “飞越”。over 意为“在……上面” ( 指空间 ) 。例如：
There is a light over Li Ming . 李明的上方有一盏灯。
( 2 ) a line of mountains 意为“群山”。
12 . But after we left the mountains behind us , there was hardly a cloud in the sky . 然而当我们把群山峻岭甩在后面时，天空几乎万里万云。
( 1 ) after we left the mountains behind us 在句中作状语，在语法上称作状语从句。
( 2 ) hardly 副词，意为“简直不，几乎不”，与之连用的句子属否定范畴。。例如：
We got hardly any news .
He could hardly say any words when he heard the bad news .
She can hardly speak French , can she ?
13 . Ayers Rock is a large , low mountain . 艾尔斯山是一座大而低矮的山。
low 形容词，“低的，矮的”。例如：
The temperature is very low . 温度很低。
You can hardly see any low houses in this new city .
14 . We started climbing up before it was light . 天亮之前，我们便开始登山。
( 1 ) climbing up 在此指“登山”。
( 2 ) it 指时间。
( 3 ) before it was light 意为“天亮之前”。
15 . Lower down , at the foot of the Ayers Rock , most of the ground is cove
red with forest and grass . 往低处走，在艾尔斯山脚下，大部分地面被森林和草地覆盖。
( 1 ) Lower down 及 at the foot of the Ayers Rock , 在句中作地点状语。
( 2 ) at the foot of…“在……的脚下”。例如：
Look , the cat is lying at the foot of the wall .
( 3 ) be covered with… “被……覆盖”。例如：
The road is covered with thick snow .
( 4 ) grass 是不可数名词。
16 . All around it is sand . 它 ( 艾尔斯山 ) 的周围都是沙漠。
这是个倒装句，正确的语序为：Sand is all around it .
17 . …and they say that there are ten sheep for every person . 据说每人占有10头羊。
句中的 they 并没有具体的对象，泛指人们 ( people ) 。
They say that… =It is said that…“据说”。
18 . I must stop writing now , as I have rather a lot of work to do . 现在我必须停笔了，因为我有相当多的事要做。
在此 as 为连词，“因为”，语气比 because 或 for 轻。例如：
As I am ill , I won't go .
Everybody likes him as he is kind .
19 . P . O . Box 7892 此为邮政信箱代号，P . O 为 Post Office 的缩写。
20 . You can see from my photograph that I have a big smile and long black hair . 从照片中，你可以看到我满脸笑容，长着长长的黑头发。
( 1 ) photograph 为书面语言，photo 多用于口语。
( 2 ) 句中 that 引导的宾语从句较长，所以将它放在状语 from my photograph 的后面。
21 . as , because , for 的异同
这三个词都可以作连词，表示原因或理由，其区别如下：
( 1 ) because 表示直接而明确的原因，它在这三个词中语意最强。它所连接的从句多是放在主句之后进行解释。在回答以“why”提问的问题时，也只能用 because . 如：
He had to stay at home yesterday because he was ill .
I didn't go , because I was tired .
( 2 ) as 所表示的`理由，或者是明显的被人所众知的理由，或者是推理的理由。语意不如 because 强。如：
As it rained , I stayed at home . 因为下雨，所以我待在家中。 ( 下雨是人所共知的，呆在家中的理由不如生病呆在家中的理由充分，没有那样强的必要性 )
As it is going to rain , let's stop working . 快下雨了，让我们歇手吧。 ( 表示推理的理由 )
( 3 ) for 所论述的理由和原因多是解释性的补充说明，或是显而易见的。它的语意最弱，它少用于口语。for 所引导的分句总是放在句末，不可用于句首。如：
I asked him to stay to tea , for I had something to tell him .
The days were short , for it was now December .
22 . long 和 for a long time 的用法析难
※ long ( 作为表达时间的副词 ) 常用在否定句和疑问句中，在肯定句中一般不用 ( 除非同 so , too , as…as… , enough 连用 ) 它。而用 ( for ) a long time . 如：
Have you been working here long ?
How long have you known him ?
※ 在否定句中，long 和 long time 的意思不一样。如：
He didn't speak for long . =He only spoke for a short time
He didn't speak for a long time . =It was a long time before he spoke .
23 . lift , put up , raise , rise 的析难
( 1 ) life ( 举起，抬起 ) ，指用体力或机械力将物体举起或拿起，强调物体的沉重，举起的时间和距离都较短。常可与 raise 换用，在口语中 like 比 raise 更常用。如：
Can you lift the stone ?
( 2 ) put up ( 举起，升起，挂起 ) ，后面通常跟“手，旗帜，窗帘”等名词。常用于口语。如：
If you have any questions , please put up your hands .
They are putting up some new pictures on the wall .
( 3 ) raise ( 举起，升高 ) ，该词强调把某人或某物举起或抬起到应有的高度。raise 还可用于借喻，如提高物价，提高生活水平等。如：
He raised the child from the ground .
Please raise your hands . 请举手。
She raised her eyes and looked at me .
( 4 ) rise ( 上升，上涨 ) 。是不及物动词，指事物本身从低处升 ( 涨 ) 到高处。
The river is rising after the rain . 雨后河水上涨。
The balloon slowly rose over the heads of the crowd . 气球在人群的上方慢慢上升。
24 . wish 与 hope 的用法异同
※ hope 一般表示预计有可能实现的事物。如希望做某事，希望得到某物或发生某事等。而 wish 除了可以表示可以实现的希望外，常用来表示难以实现或不可能实现的愿望，或者希望的与现状不一样。wish 还可用作祝愿。试比较：
I wish it were true . 但愿是事实。 ( 可惜不是事实 )
I hope it isn't true . 我希望这不是事实。 ( 可能不是事实 )
He hoped to get the first prize . 他希望获得一等奖。 ( 有可能实现的希望 )
She wished she were a bird . 她希望她是一只鸟。 ( 不可能实现的愿望 )
Wish you a happy new year .
※ 在否定句中，否定词通常放在 hope 或 wish 之后。如：
I hope she won't come . 我希望她不来。( 不能说 I don't hope she'll come )
※ wish 可接不定式或复合不定式。hope 可接不定式，但不接“宾语 + 不定式”的复合不定式。如：
She hoped to visit Beijing .
She wished to go there .
He wishes us to go swimming with him .
We hope him to get well soon . ( × )
We hope that he will get well soon . ( √ )
※ hope 和 wish 都能接宾语从句，但语气不一样。hope 所接的从句中，谓语动词用陈述语气。wish 所接的宾语从句中，谓语动词常用过去时 ( 或过去完成时等 ) 虚拟语气。
I hope it will be fine tomorrow .
I wish it was not raining .
【妙文赏析】
The Customer Is always Right
The manager of a shop was scolding one of his staff . “I saw you arguing with a customer , ”he said , “Will you please remember that in my shop the customer is always right . Do you understand ? ”
“Yes , sir , ”said the assistant . “The customer is always right . ”
“Now what were you arguing about ? ”
“Well , sir . He said you were an idiot ( 白痴 ) . ”
【思维体操】
1 . Which of the five is least like the other four ?
A Z F N H
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )
2 . Which of the five makes the best comparison ?
Foot is to hand as leg is to :
ELBOW PIANO TOE FINGER ARM
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )
3 . Which of the five is least like the other four ?
PECK OUNCE PINT CUP QUART
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )
4 . Three enemy messages were intercepted ( 窃听 ) at communications headquarters . The code was broken , and it was found that “Berok tenlis krux”means“Secret attack Wednesday”and“Baroom zax tenlis”means“Secret plans included”and“Gradnor berok plil elan”means“Wednesday victory is ours . ”What does“krux”mean ?
SECRET WEDNESDAY NOTHING ATTACK PLANS
( a ) ( b ) ( c ) ( d ) ( e )
答案：
1 . A The others are consonants ( 辅音 ) ; A is a vowel ( 元音 ) .
2 . E A foot is attached to a leg ; a hand is attached to an arm .
3 . A Peck is the only dry measure ; the others measure both liquid and dry quantities .
4 . D tenlis =secret ; berok =Wednesday ; krux =attack
三、智能显示
【心中有数】
单元要点发散思维
1 . 过去将来时态
过去将来时态由“would + 动词原形”构成，还可由“was／were going to + 动词原形”构成。过去将来时表示从过去某一时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。它常用在宾语从句中。
2 . 过去完成时态
过去完成时态由“had + 动词的过去分词”构成。过去完成时态表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。这个过去时间常可用 by 或 before 短语表示，也可用 when , before 引导的时间状语从句表示。
3 . 现在完成时态
现在完成时态由“have／has + 动词的过去分词”构成，表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果；或表示过去已经开始，并持续到现在的动作或状态。
4 . 由 so…that ( 如此……以致 ) 引导的结果状语从句。so 后跟形容词或副词。
5 . 由 though ( 虽然……，但是…… ) 引导的让步状语从句。注意不要受汉语的影响，写成“* Though…，but…”的错句。
6 . 动词不定式
( 1 ) 动词不定式在句中作定语，位于所修饰的名词或代词之后；
( 2 ) “疑问词 + 动词不定式”结构，在句中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
7 . 连词词组 both…and , either…or , neither…nor , 用来连接两个并列的成分。
【动手动脑】
单元能力立体检测
Ⅰ . 词汇
单词拼写，按照括号内的要求写出下列单词的相应形式
1 . box ( 复数 ) ________ 2 . care ( 副词 ) ________
3 . full ( 反义词 ) ________ 4 . lie ( 现在分词 ) ________
5 . slowly ( 比较级 ) ________ 6 . story ( 复数 ) ________
7 . sun ( 形容词 ) ________ 8 . teach ( 过去分词 ) ________
9 . twenty ( 序数词 ) ________ 10 . wash ( 第三人称单数 ) ________
Ⅱ . 单项选择：
1 . Many visitors say Beijing is becoming ____ and ____ .
A . more , the most beautiful B . more , more beautiful
C . more , more beautiful D . more beautiful , more beautiful
2 . He told me he would arrive ____ Beijing ____ the morning of January 8 .
A . at ; in B . in ; in C . in ; on D . to , on
3 . What do you like about our city ? ____ .
A . Very much B . Only a little
C . The hills and the lakes D . We like it very much
4 . ― I think the shop ____ .
― No , it's open . It ____ at six .
A . is close , close B . is closed , closes
C . closed , closes D . closes , is closed
5 . Bill ____ in London all his life , in fact he was born there .
A . has lived B . is living C . had lived D . was living
6 . ____ do you write to your friends ?
____ About once a month .
A . When B . What C . How often D . How soon
7 . He's been to many places , ____ she ?
A . hadn't B . isn't C . doesn't D . wasn't
8 . We'll go as soon as it ______ .
A . will stop snowing B . stops snowing
C . will stop to snow D . stops to snow
9 . What ____ the population of China ?
A . is , become B . are , become C . are , grow D . is , grow
10 . You may do these exercises ____ in class ____ after class , but you must finish them this afternoon .
A . neither , or B . neither , nor C . either , or D . either , nor
11 . You ____ to the school if you're ill .
A . don't need come B . don't need coming
C . needn't come D . need not to come
12 . The bus arrived at 10 o'clock , ____ we should be here now .
A . but B . so C . because D . or
13 . ― Who is on the team , John or Tom ?
― ____ . Because they have to do some other things .
A . Neither B . None C . Either D . Both
14 . Young trees should ____ well when it is dry .
A . is watered B . waters C . be watered D . water
15 . ____ we have today !
A . How a fine weather B . How fine weather
C . What a fine weather D . What fine weather
16 . ____ America is very large , ____ its population is quite small .
A . Though , but B . 不填，so that C . 不填，but D . As , 不填
17 . ― Excuse me , Can I ____ your football , please .
― Sorry , Jack ____ it just now .
A . borrow ; lent B . borrow ; borrowed
C . lend ; borrowed D . lend ; lent
18 . If the young trees ____ , they will grow up quickly .
A . are taken care B . are taken good care of
C . take good care D . take good care of
19 . My son grow bigger and bigger , he can wash himself and get ____ .
A . dressed B . to dress C . dressing D . dress
20 . ― How many books shall I read this week , Mr Hu ?
― ____ .
A . Just right B . The more , the better
C . Hour and hour D . Never mind
Ⅲ . 用动词的适当形式填空
1 . The workers ______ ( cut ) down all the trees and the trucks ______ ( arrive ) at 10 this morning .
2 . If it ______ ( not rain ) tomorrow , we ______ ( help ) the farmers pick apples .
3 . Tom ______ ( not pass ) the last week's exam .
4 . Yesterday Tom ______ ( tell ) me that his bike ______ ( break ) last week .
5 . Mr Smith ______ ( be ) in the city ever since Mr Smith ______ ( come ) two years ago .
Ⅳ . 根据所给汉语完成句子，每个空格填一个单词
1 . 你同意他的看法吗 ?
Do you ______ ______ him ?
2 . 昨天的大雨使得我们无法去野餐。
The heavy rain yesterday ________ us ________ going for a picnic .
3 . 老师告诉我们尽力踢好。
The teacher told us to play as well ________ we ________ .
4 . 湖水太深，不能游泳。
The river is ________ deep ________ swim in .
5 . 汤姆善于与他人交友。
Tom is ________ making ________ with others .
6 . 机器出了毛病，你查明原因了吗 ?
There's something wrong with the machine . Have you ________ ________ why ?
7 . 请等一会儿，爸爸有话对你说。
Please ________ ________ for a moment . Father has a few words with you .
8 . 上个星期天，我们过得非常开心。
We ________ very much last Sunday .
Ⅴ . 根据要求改写句子：
1 . I could hardly see anything ( 改为反意疑问句 )
I could hardly see anything , ______ ______ ?
2 . The students must hand in paper in time . ( 改为被动语态 )
The paper must ________ ________ in time .
3 . I want to know when we are going to leave . ( 改为简单句 )
I want to know ________ ________ leave .
4 . The old man died five years ago . ( 改变句子句意不变 )
The old man has ________ ________ for five years .
5 . It is sunny today . ( 改为感叹句 )
________ ________ sunny day it is today !
6 . The skirt cost her 100 yuan . ( 改写句子，句意不变 )
She ________ 100 yuan ________ the skirt .
7 . None of the cars on show are cheap . ( 改为肯定句 )
________ ________ cars on show are cheap .
答案：Ⅰ . 1 . boxes 2 . carefully 3 . empty 4 . lying 5 . more slowly 6 . stories 7 . sunny 8 . taught 9 . twentieth 10 . washes Ⅱ . 1 . B 2 . C 3 . C 4 . B 5 . A 6 . C 7 . A 8 . B 9 . D 10 . C 11 . C 12 . B 13 . A 14 . C 15 . D 16 . C 17 . A 18 . B 19 . A 20 . B Ⅲ . 1 . cut , arrived 2 . doesn't rain , will help 3 . didn't pass , is studying 4 . told , broke 5 . has been , came Ⅳ . 1 . agree with 2 . stopped…from… 3 . as…can 4 . too , to 5 . good at , friends 6 . found out 7 . hold on 8 . enjoyed ourselves Ⅴ . 1 . could I 2 . be handed 3 . when to 4 . been dead 5 . What a 6 . spent…on 7 . All of
【创新园地】
朋友们，下面是一些“妙语人生”的格言，请你译成汉语后赠送给你的知心朋友。
1 . Life is fine and enjoyable , yet you must learn to enjoy your fine life .
2 . Life is compared to a voyage .
3 . Life is but a hard and tortuous journey .
4 . Life is a horse , and either you ride it or it rides you .
5 . Life is a great big canvas , and you should throw all the paint on it you can .
6 . Life is a foreign language : All men mispronounce it .
7 . Other men live to eat , while I eat to live .
8 . Life is like an onion : You peel it off one layer at a time , and sometimes you weep .
9 . Life is like the moon ; now dark , now full .
10 . Everyone must die ; let me but leave a loyal heart shining in the pages of history .
创新园地答案：
1 . 人生是美好的，但要学会如何享用美好的生活。
2 . 人生好比是一次航程。
3 . 人生无坦途。
4 . 人生象一匹马，你不驾驭它，它便驾驭你。
5 . 人生是一幅大画布，你应该努力绘出绚丽多彩的画面。
6 . 生活是一种外语，谁都发不好它的音。
7 . 别人为食而生存，我为生存而食。
8 . 生活就象洋葱，你只能一层一层地把它剥开，有时还得流泪。
9 . 月有阴晴圆缺，人有悲欢离合。
10 . 人生自古谁无死，留取丹心照汗青。
篇3：初一英语第二十四单元
内容
一.教学目的:一般现在时的基本用法及一些日常用语.
二.教学重点:一般现在时
三.重点难点讲解:
1. be from=come from
be from 和 come from意思相同, 都是 “从…来”.表示某人来自某一地方或某单位. 例如: Where are you from? I am from Beijing.
你是哪儿的人? 我是北京人.
Do you come from America? No, I am from/ come from Japan.
你是从美国来的吗? 不, 我是从日本来的.
2. speak, say, talk, tell
speak强调说话的能力, 方式和对象, 不强调说话的内容, 用作及物动词时, 一般用来表示语言的名词或代词的宾语.
The teacher is speaking to the students.
老师正在对学生讲话.
*speak只能接表示语言的名词或代词作宾语, 其它时候一般用作不及物动词.
say必须带宾语, 强调说什么.
Please say it in English.
请用英语讲.
talk 与介词to 或with搭配, 表示 “与…交谈”, 与介词about 或of搭配表示所谈及的内容.
He is talking about the old story.
他正在谈一个古老的故事.
*talk一般用作不及物动词, 不能直接加宾语. 如果要强调谈及的内容, 就要接介词.
tell一般表示 “讲, 告诉” 的意思, 要接宾语.
I must tell him. 我必须告诉他.
3. 国名, 国籍, 语言等.
America
美国
American
美国的
American
美国人
Americans
美国人(复数)
China
中国
Chinese
中国的,中文
Chinese
中国人
Chinese
中国人(复数)
England
英国
English
英国的, 英语
Englishman
Englishwoman
英国人
Englishmen
Englishwomen
英国人(复数)
Japan
日本
Japanese
日本的, 日语
Japanese
日本人
Japanese
日本人(复数)
Canada
加拿大
Canadian
加拿大的
Canadian
加拿大人
Canadians
加拿大人(复数)
France
法国
French
法国的, 法语
Frenchman
Frenchwoman
法国人
Frenchmen
Frenchwomen
法国人(复数)
Australia
澳大利亚
Australian
澳大利亚的
Australian
澳大利亚人
Australians
澳大利亚人(复数)
Russia
俄国
Russian
俄国的, 俄语
Russian
俄国人
Russians
俄国人(复数)
4. very 和 very much
very 和very much都是 “非常”的意思, 但very 修饰形容词或副词, 不能修饰动词, 而very much一般只修饰动词, 不能修饰形容词或副词. 例如:
He is very good at Chinese.
他中文学得很好.
I like it very much.
我非常喜欢它.
5. How do you like…? 你觉得…怎么样?
这个句型主要用来询问对方对某事物的印象, 句中的动词like还可以用find代替, 不会影响句子的意思. 例如:
How do you like China?
你觉得中国怎么样?
6. little, only a little, a little
以上这些词语都修饰不可数名词, 在程度上, little最小, “几乎没有”; only a little “只有一点”; a little “一点”. 例如:
There is little milk in the bottle.
瓶子里几乎没有牛奶了.
They have only a little bread in the house.
他们只有一点面包了.
I can speak a little French.
我会讲一点法语.
7. many, much, a lot of
这些词语都表示 “许多”, 其中many 修饰可数名词, much修饰不可数名词, a lot of 可修饰两种名词.
There are many students in the classroom.
教室里有许多学生.
There is much rice in the bag.
书包里有许多大米.
There are a lot of / many apples.
这有许多萍果.
8. about的用法
about作介词, 表示 “关于”, 例如:
He talks about the his school.
他谈了他的学校的情况.
about作副词, 表示 “大约”, 例如:
There are about seven books on the table.
大约有七本书在桌子上.
9. people 和the people
people作 “人” 的意思时, 是可数名词, 复数形式不变.
How many people are there in the room?
屋里有多少人?
People作 “人民”的意思时, 前面要有冠词the.
They work hard for the people.
他们为人民努力工作.
10. from…to 从…到…
from…to可以表示从人到人, 地点到地点, 时间到时间, 数字到数字等.
He studies from seven to nine.
他从七点学习到九点.
11. friendly 友好的.
friendly 是形容词, 后面咳接介词to, 表示对谁友好.
They are friendly to me.
他们对我非常友好.
12. one 和 a, an
one 和不定冠词a, an都可表示 “一” 这个概念, one 强调数量, a和an 不强调数量.
There is a pen in the pencil-box.
铅笔盒里有只钢笔.
I have one sister.
我有一个妹妹.
13. 动词be 和do
至今我们已学过两种不同的动词作谓语, 一种是be, 另一种是do(即实意动词). Be 不表示一个具体的动作, 而do 表示一个比较具体的行为动作或心理活动. Be 有三中形式: am, is 和are. 具体使用那种形式由主语人称决定. 这两种动词在构成否定和疑问时的表达方式完全不同, be 的否定形式在其后加not, 疑问形式将其放在主语前面. 例如:
He is not a student. Is he a teacher?
他不是学生. 他是老师吗?
其他动词则要借助于助动词do 来构成否定和疑问形式. 例如:
I don’t work here. Do you work here?
我不在这儿工作. 你在这儿工作吗?
14. 信
九十九课有一封信, 请同学们注意英语信件的格式. 这里只简单介绍几点, 开头通常要用dear来称呼对方, 结尾处只用姓名, 而不要象中文信那样写上日期. 关于信件的具体写作方法, 重点将在初中英语二年级中介绍, 这里不在细说了.
四.练习
1. 用所给词的适当形式填空.
(1) My mother is _________ to my father. (write)
(2) How many ________ are there in your family? (people)
(3) I have some English friends and they are very _______ to me. (friend)
(4) It’s _________ room. (we)
(5) There are two __________ in his bag. (knife)
2. 综合选择
(1) “ Do you know Japanese?” “Yes, but ________”
A. only little B. little C. only a little D. not much
(2) We go to school _______ Monday _________Friday.
A. from…to… B. for…for C. For…from… D. to…to
(3) Is Mary your sister ______ your friend?
A. and B. or C. of D. at
(4) “ What do you like _____ USA?”
“ The people and the food.”
A. from B. about C. for D. of
(5) “ How do you like Japan?”
“_________”
A. I like it very much. B. I like the food. C. I like the people. D. I like their sports.
五.答案
1. (1) My mother is writing to my father.
我母亲正在给父亲写信.
(2) How many people are there in your family?
你家有几口人?
(3) I have some English friends and they are very friendly to me.
我有一些英国朋友, 他们对我很友好.
(4) It’s our room.
它是我们的屋子.
(5) There are two knives in his bag.
他书包里有两把小刀.
2. (1) C (2) A (3) B (4) B (5)A
(1) “ Do you know Japanese?” “Yes, but only a little.”
“你会日语吗?” “是的, 只一点.”
(2) We go to school from Monday to Friday .
我们从星期一到星期五上学.
(3) Is Mary your sister or your friend?
玛丽是你的姐姐还是朋友?
(4) “ What do you like about USA?”
“ The people and the food.”
“你喜欢美国什么?”
“ 人和食品.”
(5) “ How do you like Japan?”
“ I like it very much.”
“ 你觉得日本怎么样?”
“ 我很喜欢它.”
篇4：高二英语第二十四单元Mainly revision
科目 英语
年级 高二
文件 high2 unit24.1.doc
标题 Mainly revision
章节 第二十四单元
关键词 高二英语第二十四单元
内容
一、教法建议
【 抛砖引玉 】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ. 词汇学习
tie , chain , haircut , pin , secretary , forgive , owe , trick , roll , tear ( v ) , wish…every success , congratulate… on , help…out , insist on , painter , repay , play a trick on , be tired of .
Ⅱ. 交际英语 （复习下列交际用语）
1 . 谈论天气的用语：
It's a beautiful day today .
It is a bit…today , isn't it?
Tomorrow will turn out fine .
2 . 表示决意的用语：
I've decided……
I'd rather ( not ) have……
I'd prefer them ( not ) to……
3 . 表示祝贺或祝愿的用语：
I'd like to congratulate you ( on…… )
I wish you every success .
Ⅲ. 语法学习
“倒装句”何时不倒装
一般说来，英语倒装有两个原因：一是语法结构的需要；一是为了强调。在需要倒装的各种 句型中，有时主语和谓语并不需要倒装，现归纳如下。
※ 在特殊疑问句中，若疑问词作主语，主谓不倒装。如：
What happened to Yang Pei?
※ 在特殊疑问句中，若疑问词修饰主语，主谓不倒装。如：
Whose books are on the teacher's desk?
※ 陈述式疑问句主谓不倒装。如：
You don't know the way?
※ 在某些感叹句中主谓不倒装。如：
How he worked!
※ 以 here , there , off , up , down 等副词开头的句子，若主语为代词时，主谓语不倒 装。
Here you are .
Off they ran to school .
※ 当 only 位于句首修饰主语时，主谓不倒装。如：
Only girls can do it well .
※ 当 not only…but also… 位于句首连接两个并列主语时，主谓不倒装。如：
Not only he but also I am from the south . 不仅他是而且我也是南方人。
※ 把副词 so 提前，如果两句的主语相同，且后者只是进一步肯定前者，so 后面的语序不 必倒装。如：
-He works hard . 他学习很努力。
-So he does . 是很努力。
※ 以 so 开头，表示“也”时，特别是在“so it + be + with + 名词 ( 代词 ) ”句型中， 主谓不倒装。如：
Men can't live without air and water . So it is with animals and plants .
※ 直接引语的一部分或全部位于句首，如果主语是人称代词，主谓不倒装。如：
-I don't want to be examined , he answered .
-Let me be .
【 指点迷津 】
when，where 和 why 引导的定语从句和同位语从句之区别
when , where 和 whey 既可以引导定语从句，也可以引导同位语从句，它们的相同点是在两 种从句中都可以充当状语成分。不同点是：when , where 和 why 作关系副词引导定语从句时， 有跟它们含义相应的先行词，如 when 的相应先行词是表示时间的名词，where 的相应先行词是 表示地点的名词，why 的相应先行词是表示原因的名词。当 when , where 和 why 作连接副词引 导同位语从句时，则没有与它们含义相应的先行词。试比较：
I'll never forget the day when ( = on which ) we met for the first time . ( 定语 从句 )
I have no idea when we met for the first time ( 同位语从句 )
The office where ( = in which ) you work is here . ( 定语从句 )
Then arose the question where we were to get so much money . ( 同位语从句 )
The reason why ( = for which ) he did not come is quite clear . ( 定语从句 )
Xiao Wang has solved the problem why the TV was out of order . ( 同位语从句 )
以上例句中 when , where 和 why 作关系副词引导定语从句时，可以改为“介词 + 关系代 词 which”来引导；而引导同位语从句的 when , where 和 why 就不能这样改。
二、学海导航
【 学法指要 】
单元重点词汇点拨
1 . forgive 为不规则动词，过去式为 forgave , 过去分词为 forgiven ; 意为“宽恕 ( 人、罪等 ) ，原谅，饶恕 ( 某人的行为 ) ”。例如：
She forgave her husband .
If you apologize , the teacher may forgive your negligence .
2 . insist 意为“一定要；坚持要求”，既可用作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。当其作 不及物动词时，其后通常跟 on 或 upon 引起的短语。例如：
They insisted on an early decision .
The doctor insisted on operating on the patient at once .
He insisted upon going there on foot .
He insisted on my studying English together with them .
当 insist 用作及物动词时，通常用句型 insist + that 从句。从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟 语气，即用“should + 动词原形”，其中的 should 常可省略。例如：
I insisted that the meeting ( should be ) be put off .
She insisted that he daughter ( should ) go on to learn English after she left school .
We insisted that he should come to the party . ( = We insisted on his coming to the party . )
3 . own 用作形容词时，意为“自己的，自己的东西”；用作动词时，意为“拥有；承 认”。
This is a picture of my own painting .
The three children grew up and had families of their own .
4 . remind 是及物动词，意为“使 ( 人 ) 想起”，后跟 of 引起的短语。例如：
I was reminded of my promise .
The photo reminds me of my school life .
The letter from my friend reminded me of our school days .
remind 还可以译为“使人想起；提醒”，后面可以跟带不定式的复合结构，或跟宾语从句。 例 如：
She reminded me that I hadn't watered the flowers .
Please remind me to hand in my composition tomorrow .
5 . wish 常可用来表示祝愿。例如：
I wish you a pleasant journey home .
I wish you success / luck / happiness / victory .
I wish you a happy birthday .
I wish you happy / lucky / well .
I wish you safe in the journey .
在英语中“wish + that - clause . ”表示“但愿……；希望……”，宾语从句用虚拟语气。 宾语从句如果和主句所表示的动作同时发生，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时；如果宾语从句所表 示的动作先于主句，从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时；如果宾语从句所表示的动作后于主句，从 句中的谓语动词用过去将来时。例如：
I wish I had your brain .
I wish I were taller .
I wish something interesting would happen very soon .
I wish you would forget it .
I wished that I had known what to say .
I with I hadn't said those terrible things about her .
单元词组思维运用
1 . be tired of ( = be no longer interested in ) 意为“对……厌烦”。例如：
Are you tired of living in the city?
They are tired of the same food for supper every evening .
Don't make so much noise , I am tired of it .
2 . congratulate……on 表示“就某事祝贺某人”，其中 congratulate 是及物动词，意为 “祝贺；道贺”。例如：
I congratulate you on your achievements with all my heart .
We warmly congratulate you on your success .
He congratulated us on getting married .
I heartily congratulate myself on having chosen a good woman to be my wife .
He has sent me a telegram congratulating me on my success .
表示“祝贺”时，也可使用 congratulations ( 常用复数形式 ) 。例如：
Congratulations on your success .
You passed the examination successfully . Please accept my congratulations .
3 . drop in 意为“顺便来访；到……家来”，常用于非正式文体中。表示“来访某家” 时，用“drop in at…”，表示“来访某人”时，用“drop in on……”。例如：
Please drop in at my office when you happen to be free .
I'd like to drop in at Mr Sun on the way to school .
Xiao Wang often dropped in when he worked at the college .
I just dropped in to see if he was at home studying English .
4 . earn one's living 意为“谋生；挣钱生活”，其中 earn 是及物动词。例如：
He earned his living as a teacher .
She had to help her husband to earn a living by teaching at a language school .
Do you know how much he earns a month?
Rescuing a drowning man earned him the respect of all .
5 . help……out 意为“帮助 ( 做某事；克服困难等 ) ”。例如：
Nobody helped me out when I lost my job .
The students help out in the factory after school .
Kate fell ill last week , many of her friends came to help out .
He often helps us out when we have been in trouble .
6 . “Let's drink to……”是祝酒的用语，介词 to 后跟名词，表示“为 ( 某事 ) 干杯” 的意思。例如：
Let's drink to the success of Mr John .
Let's drink to your further achievements .
Now , let's drink to the friendship between both of us .
表示“我提议为……干杯”可以使用“I should like to propose a toast to……”。例 如：
I should like to propose a toast to the health of all the friends present here!
I'd like to propose a toast to the further development of our country .
7 . make progress 意为“取得进步”，其中 progress 为不可数名词。例如：
The great leader chairman Mao said , “Study hard and make progress every day . ”
In order to improve his spoken English , he listens to English programmes every day , at last he made great progress .
8 . What a shame! ( 真遗憾!真不像话! ) 用来表示“遗憾；愤懑”。可以单独使用，也可 以后跟 that - clause 或不定式短语。例如：
-Li Lei didn't do his homework yesterday .
-What a shame!
What a shame that I failed in the mid - term examinations!
What a shame to spare him so much time!
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1 . I'd also like to congratulate you on your good work . 同时我还为你的工作祝贺 你。
congratulate sb . on sth . 因为……向某人祝贺 congratulation ( 名词 ) 多以复数形式 出现。
注意：celebrate 同 congratulate 的区别：celebrate 表示庆祝，宾语常常为一个 special day or special event . 如：celebrate National Day 庆祝国庆 celebrate birthday 庆祝生 日 congratulate 的宾语常为 sb .
2 . You've done very well . 你做得很好。 do well in 在……方面做得好 He did well in the game . 在这次比赛中他表现得很出色。
3 . the three of us / three of us
the three of us 表示我们三个人；three of us 表示我们中的三个人。
4 . At the moment in my country there are very few such schools . 目前在我国这类 学校太少了。
注意：at the moment , for the moment , for a moment 和 in a moment 之区别。
at the moment “此时”、“此刻” ( 现在时态 ) “那时” ( 过去时态 )
He is busy at the moment 他此刻很忙。
At the moment he was busy preparing his lessons . 那时，他正忙于准备功课。
for the moment “目前”、“暂时”，如：
Please stop discussing for the moment . 请暂停讨论。
for a moment“一会儿”、“片刻”，如：
I'd like to talk with you for the moment . 我想和你谈一会儿。
in a moment “立即”、“马上”，如：
I'll be back in a moment . 我马上就回来。
5 . ……but none of the banks I spoke to were interested , ……但是，我去找过的银 行没有一家感兴趣。
1 ) I spoke to 是定语从句，省略了连接词 that。
2 ) none / no one
none 可以和 of 连用，no one 不可以。none 做主语，谓语可以用单数也可以用复数；no one 做主语，谓语用单数。none 既可以指 sb . 也可以指 sth . ; no one 单指 sb . 。用 How many 提问时，用 none 回答；用 Are there / Is there 提问时，用 no one 回答。
6 . Could I drop in at your house……?到你家拜访你好吗?
could 在这里是一种委婉语气，表示征求意见。
drop in at 加地点；drop in on拜访某人。如：
I'd like to drop in on you next week . 下周我去拜访你。
7 . Is he expecting you?他在等你吗?
expect --在此句中相当于 wait for 等待。但是 wait for 单纯强调动作，expect 强调 内心的企盼。如：
We're expecting a telephone .
Is this the letter you've been expecting?
But we should not expect success over night .
8 . I've just arrived myself so forgive me if I don't seem to know what's going on . 我自己也刚到，所以，如果我看来不了解情况的话，那么请你原谅。
1 ) myself 是 I 的同位语，可以放在主语 I 后面。
2 ) go on 在此句中表示“发生，进展”。
如：What's going on here?这儿发生什么事了?
9 . And I owe you some money . 我还欠着你的钱呢。
( 1 ) 句中 owe , vt , 作“欠 ( 钱 ) 、借钱、负债”解。其后常跟双宾语，即：owe sb . sth 或 owe sth . to sb . 如：
I owe the tailor ＄20 . = I owe ＄20 to the tailor .
I owed Mary 70 dollars when I was in Paris . 我在巴黎时，欠玛丽70美元。
( 2 ) owe 还有“应把……归功于……”之意。如：
He owes his success to hard work and practice .
I owe it to the doctor that I am still alive .
10 . I'm afraid I'm still not very good at it , though . 不过很遗憾。我在中文方面 学得还不太好。
①I'm afraid + 从句，其意思相当于 I'm sorry , but……。在口语中常常带有遗憾的口 气，用来引出带有歉意的回绝，或引出不好的消息等。其意思为“很遗憾”，“恐怕”，“对不 起”，“我认为”，例如：
〖 辨析 〗be afraid of 后接动名词短语，表示不愿产生或怕产生一种后果。意为“怕
……”，“担心……”。be afraid 后接不定式短语，表示不敢做出一种行动。意为“不敢 ……”。
He handed the cup with care , because he was afraid of breaking it .
The little girl is afraid to go out at midnight .
②I'm afraid not 与 I'm afraid so 常用作答语。如：
“Can you lend me a pen?”“I'm afraid not . ”
“It's going to rain . ”“I'm afraid so . ”
③句中的 though 是副词，意为“可是，但是”，一般单独放在句末。例如：
He said he would come , he didn't , though . 他说他会来，可是他并没有来。
It's hard work . I enjoy it , though . 工作很苦，但我干得很快活。
I've got a bit of a cold . It's nothing serious , though . 我有点感冒，但是并不严 重。
-Nice day .
-Yes . A bit cold , though .
11 . It's a pity you missed the sports meeting last week . 很可惜，上周的运动会你 错过了。
①“It is ( was , seems ) a pity ( that ) ……”是表示遗憾的口语句型。that 从句就 是指所遗憾的事情。在口语中 that 常省略。从结构上讲，it 是形式主语，that 从句是真正的 主语。句型意思是“可惜的是……”，“遗憾的是……”。例如：
It's a pity ( that ) we missed the wonderful show last night .
It's a pity too much waste has been poured into the river .
②还可用感叹句的结构来表示遗憾。如：
What a pity!真可惜! ( 真遗憾! )
What a pity he couldn't go with you . 真可惜，他不能和你一起去。
12 . Mr Brain has just heard Zheng Jie playing the piano in a concert . 布雷恩先 生刚刚听了郑杰在音乐会上的钢琴演奏。
I read about you in the newspaper and decided to come and hear you play .
Fortunately people want to come and hear me play .
【 讲解 】①以上是94课中出现的三句话，在上述三个句子中，可归纳为“主语 + 谓语 + 宾 语 + 宾语补足语”的结构。其中的宾语补足语可以是不带 to 的不定式 ( play ) , 也可以是 v - ing 形式 ( playing ) .
②在 see , hear , feel , watch , notice 等表示感觉的动词后，既可用 v - ing 构成复 合宾语，也可用不带 to 的动词不定式构成复合宾语。两者之间有时有差别。用 v - ing , 表示 动作正在进行，即处于发生的过程中，还没有结束；用不定式则表示动作发生了。试比较：
Do you hear someone knocking at the door? ( 讲时还在敲 )
I heard someone knock at the door three times . ( 讲时敲的动作已结束 )
I noticed her coming into the room .
I noticed her come into her room and sit down on one chair .
【 妙文赏析 】
Stay Calm Like Me
Mr Cooler is a successful business man . He is proud of himself .
“To be successful in business , ”he often says , “One must first learn to stay calm , -- always stay calm no matter what has happened . ”
One day , when Mr Cooler came home from his office , he found his wife very annoyed ( 恼火 ) .
“What's the matter , dear?”Mr Cooler asked .
“Power cut again ( 又停电了 ) !”said his wife . “All the electric appliances (
电器 ) stopped working . What shall we have for supper? Look , the chicken is ha
lf done in the oven ( 烤箱 ) ，and……” .
Mr Cooler shook his head . He always thought that he was more sensible ( 明智 ) than his wife , and now he started to give her a lecture on the importance of always keeping calm .
“Well , ”he finally said , “it's a waste of your energy to get excited about small things . Train yourself to be patient , like me . A strong person is quiet . He thinks and then takes the most reasonable action . Now look , a fly has just landed on my nose . Am I getting excited or annoyed? Am I swearing ( 诅咒 ) or waving my arms around? No , I'm not . I am perfectly calm . ”
“But , ”his wife looked closer and said , “but that's not a fly . That's a bee . ”
“What!”Mr Cooler started shouting . He jumped up and shook his head . He began to wave his arms wildly and even swear .
“Stay calm and think , ”Mrs Cooler said , but her husband had already fallen on his back over a chair and had his glasses broken .
【 思维体操 】
A student asked a teacher how old he was , the teacher said , “When I was your present age , you were only two years old ; When you are my present age , I will be thirty - eight years old . ”Now please help me to guess how old the teacher is , and how old the student is .
答案：26岁，14岁 ( Let“x”be the teacher's age , and“y” , the student's age . According to the text we have : 38 - y = x - 2 x - y = y - 2 .
三、智能显示
【 心中有数 】
单元语法发散思维
浅谈终止性动词和延续性动词
英语中的连系动词和行为动词有终止性和延续性之分。顾名思义，终止性动词表示动作是瞬 间发生，且不能延续的，常见的有 come , leave , go , begin , finish , start , open , arrive , find , receive , hit , join , buy , borrow , marry , stop 等。表示可以延续一 段时间的动作或状态的词叫延续性动词。如：study , know , stand , wait , love , stay , work , last 等。
※ 在现在完成时中
延续性动词可与表示一段时间的介词短语 for 或 since 连用。如：
We have studied English for six years .
I have taught history in this school since 1990 .
终止性动词的现在完成式则不能与 for 或 since 短语连用。如：
His friend has joined the army for ten years . ( 误 )
终止性动词在现在完成时中若要与表示一段时间的 for 或 since 短语连用，要改变结构， 通常可变为：
1 . “连系动词 + 表语”的结构：
His friend has been in the army for ten years .
Her husband has been away for five days .
2 . 用“……ago”来表示时间状语
His friend joined the army ten years ago .
Her husband has been away for five days .
2 . 用“……ago”来表示时间状语
His friend joined the army ten years ago .
Her husband left home five days ago .
3 . 用“it is……since……”的结构来替换终止性动词。
It is ten years since his friend joined the army .
It is five days since her husband left home .
※ 在……till ( until ) 结构中
和……till ( until ) 结构连用时，延续性动词只能用于肯定式，终止性动词只能用于否定 式。如：
He worked until seven o'clock yesterday afternoon .
He won't come here till Sunday .
※ 在由 when 或 while 引导的状语从句中
终止性动词不能用在由 while ( 当……的时候 ) 引导的时间状语从句中。如：
When I got home , he was watching TV . ( 正 )
While I went into the lab , the old scientist was doing an experiment . ( 误 )
※ 值得注意的两点
1 . 终止性动词一般不可用于进行时态。如 go , come , leave , start 等，有时用于“进 行时态”形式，是表示“即将”的意思。如：
New Year's Day is coming near .
Mr White is leaving for London tomorrow .
2 . 终止性动词不可用于“how long……”引出的疑问句。如：
How long have you borrowed the book? ( 误 )
How long have you kept the book? ( 正 )
【 动手动脑 】
单元能力立体检测
1 . none / no one
( 1 ) Up to now _____ has landed on Mars .
( 2 ) _____ of us is perfect .
( 3 ) -Did anyone come to ask for me?
- _____ .
2 . hear sb . do / doing sth .
( 1 ) At midnight I woke up and heard the wind _____ ( blow ) .
( 2 ) Then I often heard him _____ ( play ) the guitar alone on the bank .
3 . be tired of / from
( 1 ) He was tired _____ being interrupted by frequent phone calls .
( 2 ) I've been / got tired _____ intense work .
4 . drop in on / at / to do / for
( 1 ) Will you mind if you drop in _____ my parents on t way home?
( 2 ) He often dropped in _____ tea .
( 3 ) Let's drop in _____ Brown's at the weekend .
5 . plan to do / planned to have done ( = had planned to do )
( 1 ) We planned to _____ ( visit ) the Emei Mountain , but the floods prevented us from setting off .
( 2 ) I planned to _____ ( run ) a company of my own , so I refused her offer .
6 . expect / hope / wait for
( 1 ) -Why are you standing here?
- I'm _____ you . ”
( 2 ) The young couple are _____ a baby .
7 . help sb . out / with
( 1 ) When I was in trouble , my neighbors would come to help me _____ .
( 2 ) Little Alice is a good girl ; she often helps her mother _____ housework .
8 . insist that sb . should do / sb . is right ( wrong )
( 1 ) All insisted that what Galileo said ______ ( be ) wrong .
( 2 ) I insist that any parent ______ ( not tear ) his / her children's letters .
答案与简析：
1 . ( 1 ) no one ( 2 ) None ( 3 ) No one。 no one 指泛指意义的“没任何人”；none 指特定范围内 ( 特指 ) “没任何人”，因此与“of + n . ”结构搭配时须用 none。 2 . ( 1 ) blowing ( 2 ) play。 hear sb . do sth . 只说明“听到某人做某事”这件事，强调结果，故 常用来表经常性和重复性行为，hear sb . doing sth . 强调“听到某人正做某事”。类似的动 词还有 see , notice , look at , listen to等。 3 . ( 1 ) of ( 2 ) from。 be / get tired of“厌烦……”；be / get tired from ( with ) “因……而累 ( 疲惫 ) ”。 4 . ( 1 ) on ( 2 ) for ( 3 ) at。 drop in on“顺便走访 ( 某人 ) ，”drop in at “顺便走访 ( 某地 ) ，”drop in for “顺便做……” ( drop in to do sth . ) 。 5 . ( 1 ) have visited ( 2 ) run。 plan to do……“打算做……”；planned to have done ( = had planned to do…… ) “本打算做…… ( 但未做成 ) 。” 6 . ( 1 ) waiting ( 2 ) expecting。 wait 表时间上的等待，常表迟误或等不及，expect 表希望或预期某事将发生。 7 . ( 1 ) out ( 2 ) with。 help out “帮忙 ( 做事，克服困难等 ) ；help sb . with sth . ( = help sb . to do sth . ) “帮助某人做某事”。 8 . ( 1 ) was ( 2 ) ( should ) not tear。 “坚持要某人做……”，从句中的谓语动词用 ( should ) + v . 构成的虚拟语气；前例为“坚持认为”。
【 创新园地 】
你能区别下面一些貌合神离的句子吗?请翻译成恰当的汉语。
1 . They are sure to meet him .
They are sure of meeting him .
2 . He has gone into business .
He has gone to business .
3 . He was shot on his way home .
He was shot at on his way home .
4 . They are searching the thief .
They are searching for the thief .
5 . He has been away for the last month .
He has been away since last month .
6 . When Jack arrived , I was just going to bed .
I was just going to bed when Jack arrived .
7 . She is good to do that .
She is good at doing that .
8 . He was working at a table at this time yesterday .
He was working on a table at this time yesterday .
9 . Is John at home? Is John home yet?
10 . There were very few passengers that escaped without serious injury .
There were very few passengers , who escaped without serious injury .
请你翻译好后把答案反馈给我们。
答案：1 . 他们肯定会见到他。他们深信是会见到他的。2 . 他经商去了。他上班去了。3 . 他 在回家的路上被枪杀了。在回家的路上，有人向他开枪。4 . 他们正在搜查那个小偷 ( 搜身 ) 。 他们正在搜捕那个小偷 ( 小偷在逃。 ) 5 . 这个月他都不在家 ( 刚过去的30天 ) 。他从上个月起 就一直不在家。6 . 杰克到达时，我正要上床睡觉。我正要上床睡觉，恰恰在这时候，杰克来了。7 . 她真好，做了这件事。她擅长于做这样的事。8 . 昨天这时候，他在伏案工作。昨天这个时候，他在做一张桌子。9 . 约翰在家吗?约翰回到家里了吗?10 . 没有几个旅客不受重伤的 ( 大家都受了伤 ) 。旅客很少，他们几乎没人受重伤 ( 脱险了 ) 。
篇5：高一第二单元英语作文
Why is it so important to learn English?
Do you think it would be fun to have access to information that other people can't get?Talk and write letters to interesting people that others can't communicate with?Impress people around you whenever you opened your mouth?Make big jumps in your career,leaving others miles behind?
You can get all these if you speak English well.
English language is the international language meaning 60% of the worlds population are speaking in english.This means that we can communicate well if we do know how to speak the language.It will help you gain friends not just locally but internationally.Also it will open some doors for you to venture on other countries like UK.,USA,and the likes to spend either vacation or for studying purposes.Moreover the instructions given in some appliances,gadgets,equipments,food labels and etc were mostly written in English.So you will get better understanding of what is going on.
And finally,English is one of the most frequently used languages in the world.
篇6：高一英语第二单元教案
一.教学内容分析
本单元的中心话题是Good manners，这是一个亘古及今且永恒的话题。但在我们这一单元中，Good manners 都有些什么内容呢?中外文化中对Good manners 的理解、体现有什么异同?我们该怎么做、做什么才能成为一个受人欢迎、具有Good manners 的人呢?单元中十一个板块的相关话题的设计及语言材料的选编无不紧紧扣着这个中心。从日常生活中看似虽小但能触及心灵的情景及行为，如道歉、书面致谢;东西方餐桌礼仪;域外风俗礼节等，都作了详尽的诠释，所有这些为我们提供的不仅是充实的英语语言知识和综合语言运用技能训练的内容，更重要的是学生学习这一单元的整个过程也是他们陶冶情操、规范行为、发展心智的过程，这对他们身心的发展会产生较强的感染作用，有助于他们人文素养的整体提高和跨文化意识的加强。
“热身”(Warming up)部分设计了学生学习生活中及日常生活中经常发生的四幅画面：上课迟到、打断别人说话、排队买饭时不小心雨伞戳着别人、商店里排队付款一男士推开两顾客从他们中间穿过，顾客生气质问男士。让学生学会道歉，学会讲礼貌。这部分的目的是，引出中心话题Good manners，帮助学生明白讲礼貌会使我们人际之间关系和谐融洽，甚至会化干戈为玉帛;同时复习或学习一些致歉语和必要的答语。
“听力”(Listening)部分提供了一段两朋友间的对话，一朋友不打招呼骑走了另一朋友的自行车，并且把它弄丢了。怎么办?当然是道歉。这个听力练习要求学生通过听学会对发生了这种事情后的道歉表达和更高姿态的回响，使道歉者释然。以此了解英语国家人士语言的得体性、思维的方式与习惯表达方法，培养学生跨文化交际的意识。如 “I guess it wasn’t really your fault, was it?” , “ That’s OK. Forget it. It was an old bike anyway.”
“口语”(Speaking)部分提供的是三组文字情景，要求学生在前面“热身”和“听力”的基础上，以双人对话的活动形式体现情景，训练学生在比较真实的情景中口头表达能力和丰富他们有关道歉的语汇，包括词和句型。充分展示具备Good manners者解决问题、处理尴尬场面的风采。
“读前”(Pre-reading)部分设计了四个情景：1)At a dinner party, 2)Greeting your teacher, 3)Receiving your birthday present, 4)Paying a visit to a friend’s house, 以小组活动的形式讨论并写下在中国文化中以上情景有礼有节的一些规矩，这一活动的目的是不仅要调用学生已有的直接和间接的体现Good manners 的生活经验，加深对我们中国是文明礼仪之邦的认识，而且激活学生的思维，自然过度到下一步的 “Reading”--- 西方文化、餐饮礼仪。
“阅读”(Reading)部分是一篇说明文。主要介绍了西方的餐桌礼仪，并在字里行间渗透着和中国餐饮文化进行比较。东西方文化交织在一起，充满了跨文化交际的信息，体现了教材的国际性和民族性。
“读后”(Post-reading)部分的前三项任务是要求学生针对课文的理解完成的，可作为评价学生对文章理解的程度。如第一项：列出中西方餐桌上餐具及其摆放的位置;第二项：标出西方正式宴会上主要食物上桌的顺序;第三项：判断西方正式宴会上哪些就餐行为文明有礼，哪些行为显得无礼粗俗。第四项是回答问题，是一道联系中国实际的、开放性的一道问题：中国的餐桌礼仪也在变化吗?举例说说。可以小组讨论的形式进行，目的在于让学生对中西方餐桌礼仪的认同，以及培养学生的思辩能力。
“语言学习”(Language study)分词汇和语法两部分。词汇部分有构词法知识，前缀in-, im-, un-, non- 和练习部分词汇的一篇与课文主题相关的短文。引导学生通过短文提供的生动语境培养自己理解和记忆单词的能力。语法项目是定语从句，这是继前面两单元后第三次出现，不属新的语法知识。非限制性定语从句第一次介入。语法第一部分提供的限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的例句比较和说明，可供学生自主学习，让学生探究发现两种定语从句的不同形式和含义。第二部分着重检验学生运用两种定语从句拓展句子的能力。
“综合技能”(Integrating skills)设计了一个很实用的写作任务：写感谢信。这个设计包括读和写。阅读部分的内容是一封感谢信的范例;写作部分的任务是：对老师的帮助、父母的关心支持、朋友的真诚、收到生日礼物等写一封感谢信。通过这一活动，让学生明白对他人的帮助心存感激，无疑是一种美德，一种素养。
“学习建议”(Tips)部分提供了一些行为规范的名言警句，告戒学生随时随地讲文明、懂礼貌，从自身做起，从小事做起。
“复习要点”(Checkpoint)部分简要地总结了本单元的语法重点----限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，并且设计了一些最基本的语言练习，帮助学生自评。同时通过两个问题引导学生对本单元所学的词汇作一次小结。
二.课时安排：6 课时。
The First Period: Warming up and Listening
The Second Period: Speaking
The Third Period and Fourth Periods: Pre-reading, Reading and Post-reading
The Fifth Period: Language Study
The Sixth Period：Integrating Skills
三.分课时教学计划
The First Period
GOALS:
To focus on talking about good manners as warming up and listening practice.
To learn to express apologies and responses to apologies.
To arouse students’ interest in learning good manners through various activities in class.
TEACHING PROCEDURES:
I. Warming up
设计问题、语境，诱发学生打开话匣子，不作限制，更不当练习来完成。
1.以旧带新，先入为主，根据学生自己的体验和理解，列举Good manners 的事例。
2.知错并向人道歉是Good manners 的行为之一。引入道歉用语，借书中情景和额外补充的各种情景反复演练，使学生能将这些礼貌用语娴熟地运用于生活之中。
(这些情景的提供，也为最后让学生自己描述道歉场面作准备)
3.作为一个有礼貌的人，对他人的诚恳道歉怎么反映?说些什么让道歉者心里释然?(为下一步的听力做个铺垫)
4.你上次向人道歉的情景还记得吗?对方是否是个讲礼貌的人。请描述一下。
1. T: We like people with good manners. We don’t like people with bad manners.
Well, what are good manners in your opinions? For example,
Is it good manners to take your classmate’s bicycle without telling him?
Of course it’s ( not) good manners to do…./ that….
Group work: Make a list of at least four things which are good manners in our daily life.
2. What should we do at least to be good manners if we do something wrong?
Making an apology? And how to express your apologies? What expressions do you use to apologize?
(Excuse me/ I’m sorry./ I am terribly sorry/ Please forgive me...)
3. Look at the four pictures in the text. Complete the dialogues with proper words according to the situations given.
4. Here are some more similar situations. Please make similar dialogues in pairs to drill the expressions of apologies.
Situation one: You go to the teachers’ office to hand in your homework, but your teacher is talking with one of her colleague. You interrupt them.
Situation tw You are late for the school gathering and all your classmates are waiting for you at the bus station. You explain that you had a flat tyre. Your classmates forgive you and tell you not to worry.
Situation three: When you are walking in the streets, you step onto someone’s toes and this person is a bit angry. He reminds you to be careful next time.
Situation four: You are playing basketball and suddenly the ball hit someone passing by. The person is very angry with you.
5. In fact, if you can apologize probably after you do something wrong, others will still have a good impression of you. On the other hand, your proper response to an apology also shows you are a person with good manners.
Well, what’s your response to the following apologies?
1) I’m sorry, Sam. I stepped on your pen and broke it. I didn’t see it on the floor.
______________________________. ( It’s OK. I have another pen.)
2) I’m sorry, Mr. Tan, I didn’t complete my homework. I was not feeling well last night.
__________________________________________________________________.
(Are you feeling better now? You may hand in your homework tomorrow.)
6. Do you think it good manners to make an apology to people in time if you have done something wrong? Please describe the situation last time when you made an apology to others.
What did you say to express your apologies? What was the other’s response?
Did he / she accept your apology? Do you think him a person with good manners?
Why (not)?
II. Listening
1. Listening in SB.
遵循step by step 的原则，分听前(Pre-listening)、听时(While-listening)和听后(Post-listening) 三步走，并设计各个步骤的任务型活动，使整个听力目标明确，中心话题更为突出。
Pre-listening: Go over the six questions or sentences and guess in pairs if the persons in the listening have good manners or not. Why do you think so?
While-listening: Answer the questions and complete the six sentences.
Post-listening questions:
Has anything similar happened to you? What was the situation? How did you deal with it?
Do you think you’re a person with good manners? In what ways?
2. Listening in WB. P.115
Listen to the tape and finish the exercises in it.
The Second Period
GOALS:
To focus on oral practice --- Speaking.
The students are to use the expressions of apologies and possible answers freely through some situations.
They are enabled to solve some simulating problems about good manners and bad manners.
TEACHING PROCEDURES:
I. Elicit the expressions of apologies and possible answers through the situations which might happen to the teacher himself / herself.
The teacher is a bitl late for the class.
The teacher carelessly knocks down a student’s booksl on the table.
The teacher blames some student wrongly for not …l
1. T: I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to …. Now I apologize for my …
S: Oh, that’s all right.
创设真实情景与学生交流，既是以身示范，又自如、贴切地呈现教材中提供的常用道歉用语和回答方式。
2. T: What do you think of me since I made an apology for what I did?
What if I didn’t apologize to you for what I did?
就老师的行为让学生评说会更加激发学生说的兴趣，还会使学生具备一定的Good manners 的尺度标准。同时，为后面学生自己如何表现出文明礼貌、“问题”如何解决作准备。
3. T: What would you do in the following situations, so as to show you have good manners?
P.37l
II. Role-play: Problem solving
邻里之间的关系同样体现出文明礼貌的程度。有矛盾、有问题，原因是什么?居委会怎么解决?这项模拟活动跳出了课文，拓展了训练内容。要求学生将学过的表达方法与新的表达方法结合使用，对信息做各种合理的处理与加工，进行创造性的语言活动。充分体现口语教学突出话题和功能的双重要求。
Survey and Interview about relationship between neighbors.
In your group of four, one acts as a journalist, interviewing separately the other three who are neighbors about their relationship in between. Each neighbor talks about their good or bad relationship between each other and tells the reasons for it. One or two of the neighbors have some problems, and they can’t get on well with each other. The journalist reports it to the neighborhood committee and they try to solve it.
我们中国人用自己的Good manners的尺度标准，处理好邻里之间的关系。世界其他各国对Good manners 的尺度标准是否都一样?
III. Discussion P.116
IV. Conclusion:
Different countries have different standards of good manners. But people all over the world will appreciate those who are kind and helpful to others and the things that are beautiful and true.
The Third and Fourth Periods
GOALS:
To get to know the western table manners.
To learn some useful expressions about table manners.
To compare Chinese table manners with western table manners.
TEACHING PROCEDURES:
I. Pre-reading tasks:
其目的是激活学生已有的相关背景知识，启发学生思维和想象，活跃课堂气氛，使学生很快融入课堂教学内容。如借助图片或Powerpoint, 以小组竞赛的形式复习有关中外餐桌上食物、餐具的一些单词;以小组讨论的形式重温文明礼仪之邦的中国在待人接物、餐桌礼仪方面的独特习俗;最后聚焦于西方的餐桌礼仪。三项任务一步一步地扣上下一步的阅读内容。
篇7：高一英语第二单元教案
一.教材解读(Material Interpretation) 通常人们忌讳“只见树木，不见森林”，然而这里我们姑且就一个单元这只林片木来想象一下那片充满神奇的森林。从某种意义上说，这或许正是这套教材的编写者们的用意所在。高一英语新教材的编写依然以单元为单位，但每个单元打破了呆板的块状设计，换之于流畅的线型流程，为课堂教学的灵活组织留下了更大的空间。
整个教材体现了Communicative Curriculum的指导思想。每个单元以功能为主题，话题为支撑，结构为平台，任务为载体，意义交流为目的，充分体现了语言运用的基本思路，为任务型课堂教学构建了框架，注重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力，发展学生与人沟通和合作的能力。
本单元的主题是Technology，中心话题为Hi-tech,话题本身具有强烈的时代气息，贴近学生的实际生活，符合学生的认知水平，在学生中有较强的认同感。这一单元的交际功能项目(Functional Item)有两个：
1. Describing things
2. Expressing agreement & disagreement。
结构项目(Structure)为The Present Continuous Passive Voice;主要能力项目为Reading 和Writing，其中一个阅读正篇，两个Language Input, 要求学生学会阅读并在阅读中培养根据上下文或构词法理判断词义的能力，同时学会写信并在信中阐述问题的症结，发表自己的观点。拓展项目为如何运用高科技获取更多英语信息，提升英语学习，并探究科技为人类带来便利的同时可能存在的负面影响以及消除这些影响的解决办法。
二 教学目标(Instructional Objectives) 通过教学，学生能描绘一些日常用品(如第一课时的A Guessing Game 和Describing and Drawing)，发现一些问题，发表个人观点，努力解决问题(如第二课时的Problems and Solutions，Role Play和A TV Chitchat Program: Help is on the Way);能学会与他人交流和合作(如第三课时中的Designing and advertising a new model of cell phone for Chinese high school students);能学会寻找适当渠道解决实际问题(如第四课时中的A Letter of Complaint to the Headmaster);能自己学会学习，在学习中建立输入假设，在实践中验证假设，并最后修正假设(如第四课时的对The Present Continuous Passive Voice的学习);能懂得基本的一些学习策略，并运用这些策略提高在一定的context 中对一些较难词义的推断能力(如第五课时中的Word and Strategy);能运用高科技获取更多英语信息，提升自己的英语学习(如第三课时中的Story Sharing和第六课时的Essay Writing);能探究高科技为人类带来文明和便利的同时可能存在的负面影响以及消除这些影响的解决办法(如第五课时中的Talk about the advantages and disadvantages of cellphones, robots, computers etc.);能在研究性的学习中进行自我反思，培养公民意识、社会责任感和全球观念(如第五课时中的A Probe into the Cause of Teenagers’ Addiction to Cyber Café和第六课时中的To Be a Technology-driven Human or not to Be);能在不断的反思中领悟并懂得人类追求高科技的根本目的，倡导人与人之间的友爱和真情(如第六课时中的写给未来控制了人类的巨能电脑Q12 的题为Love is the Everlasting Topic of the World的信)。
Unit 9 (SEFC 1A) Notion Technology Topic Hi-tech Functional Items 1. Describe things 2. Expressing agreement & disagreement Structure The Passive Voice (3) The Present Continuous Passive Voice Tasks 1.A Guessing Game Describing things and how they work 2. Describing and Drawing Topic Touch 2. Role play Solving problems by giving opinions 3. A TV Chitchat Program Help is on the Way 4. A Project Designing and advertising a new model of cell phone for Chinese high school students 5. An Investigation Teaching and Living Facilities of the School 6. A Discussion Damage That Is Being Done to the Earth 7. An Interview Voice of Students 8. A Letter of Complaint 9. A Hi-tech Show 10. A Survey A Probe into the Cause of Teenagers’ Addiction to Cyber Café 11. A Debate To Be a Technology-driven Human or Not to Be 12. A Letter to Q12 Love is the Everlasting Topic of the World 13. An Essay Big Thing Moral Goals 1. Creative Thinking 2. Communication and Cooperation 3. Love and Caring 4. Environmental Protection 5. Social Awareness 6. Global Sense 三.教学设想(Teaching Assumptions) 在整个单元的教学中我们突出以话题为纲，交际功能为主线，兼顾结构，适当拓展。在教学方法上坚持以Communicative Approach为主，辅以其他多种有效教学方法。充分运用任务型教学途径，精心设计各种任务，以任务为载体，搭建意义交流舞台，创设各种情景途径，创建各种情感体验机会。通过教学，进一步发展学生基本语言运用能力，激活学生的英语思维，保持英语的学习热情,使精心设定的Moral Goal 的完成能水到渠成。例如，提高用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析和解决问题的能力，发展学生与人沟通和合作的能力;激发学生对事物深入了解的探究心理，逐步养成研究性学习意识; 通过自主学习和社会调查，和与发展国家在科技方面的比较，了解社会，增强社会责任感((Social Responsibility)，强化祖国意识(National Awareness)，培养全球观念(Global Sense)。 1.话题拓展 (Extended Topics) 以Technology为主题，由中心话题衍生出六个Sub Topics, 分别是New Uses of Things, Problems and Solutions, Life in a Technological Era, Teaching & Living Facilities of the School, Controversy about Technology 和Attitude towards Technology。
高一英语第二单元教案
篇8：高一英语第二十五单元 At the Conference
科目 英语
年级 高一
文件 high1 unit25.doc
标题 unit25
章节 第二十五单元
关键词
内容
一.目的与要求：掌握本单元出现的单词和词组。如：repeat, funny, lady, joke, attention, unable, world－famous, introduction, college, note, organize, medical, attend, organizer, gentleman, suppose, earn, conference, expert, throat, sent out, get through, ring back, out of breath, make up等。
二.学会本单元出现的日常交际用语。
Can you ring up …? The line is busy. Could I speak to …, please ?
Can I take a message ? Can you ask …to ring me back, please ?
I can’t get through. I’ll try again later, Hold on please.
This is …speaking. I’ll ask …to call you.
三.本单元知识重点与难点分析：
1.在“1 Dialogue”中有这样一段对话：
Mary：What a lot of informations to send out !
要发出去的请柬可真多呀！
Lizzy：Yes, there must be over two hundred here.
是的，这儿想必有200多份。
句中的“must”作“想必”、“准是”、“一定”解，用来表示我们对某事有把握的推论或揣测。虽然句中must也可用may来代替，但must语气更为肯定。例如：
They must be very tired now, for they have been working the whole morning.
他们现在一定是非常累了，因为他们整个上午都在工作。
I often meet him in this street. He must live quite near here.
我经常在这条街上碰到他。想必他就住在附近。
“Can you tell me where LiLi is ”“He must be is the teachers office.”
你能告诉我李立在哪儿吗？ 他肯定是在老师办公室。
must表示推测的这种用法通常用在肯定句中，在疑问句中常用can(可能)，在否定句中常用can’+(不可能，不会是)，而不用mustn’t。例如：
Somebody is knocking at the door. Who can it be ? It must be Wang Hong.
No, It can’t be Wang Hong, because she left for Shanghai this morning.
有人在敲门。会是谁呢？一定是王红。不，不会是王红，因为她今天早晨就动身去上海了。
That can’t be the postman───it’s only seven o’clock.
那不会是邮递员──现在才7点钟呢。
She must be a professor. No, she can’t be a professor-she is so young.
她一定是个教授。不，她不可能是个教授──她还这么年青。
2.“An invitation to the 199…Medical Conference in London.”
“一份邀请参加199 年在伦敦召开的医学大会的请柬。”
1)在“the 199…Medical Conference”中的年份用了省略号，这是留给教师上课时灵活处理的，如是上这一课，你就把7填上；如果是上这一课，你就把8填上，依此类推。
2)注意“invitation”的搭配：
A.和动词的搭配
accept an invitation接受邀请
give sb an invitation邀请某人
receive an invitation收到请贴/接到邀请
refuse sb’s invitation拒绝某人的邀请
send out an invitation发出请贴/邀请
B.和介词的搭配
at the invitation of sb应某人的邀请
an invitation to(an activity)参加(某种活动)的邀请。
an invitation from sb来自某人的邀请。
例如：I received an invitation from Peter to his birthday party.
我收到皮特请我去参加他生日聚会的请帖。
Mr Baker accepted the invitation to the Medical Conference.
贝克先生接受了去参加医学大会的邀请。
Mr Martin refused Mary’s invitation to her wedding.
马丁先生拒绝了玛丽请他参加她的婚礼的邀请。
She sent out many invitations to her wedding but she hasn’t received any reply to them.
她发出了许多参加她婚礼的请柬，但还没有收到任何答复。
3. Dr Baker replied to the invitation, accepting it.
贝克博士答复了请柬，接受了邀请。
1)“accepting it ”是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随动作，相当于“and accepted it ”。
例如：
The children entered the classroom, singing and dancing.
孩子们唱着、跳着，走进了教室。 (表示伴随状态)
He ran up to us breathing heavily.他气喘吁吁地向我的跑来。(表示伴随状态)
The boss went to see Mr King, praising him for his excellent work.(……，and wondered why he had been invited)贝克博士躺在床上，对于为什么他会受到邀请，心里感到很纳闷。
2)注意accept和receive的区别：
receive作“收到”解，只表示客观上“收到某物”，而accept作“接受”解，表示主观上“乐意接受某物”，如果说：“I received an invitation.”则表示“我接受了邀请”，我准备去。例如：
He received the gift, but he didn’t accept it .他收到了礼物，但是他没有接受。
I have received an invitation from Peter. Shall I accept it or refuse it ?
我收到了皮特的请柬，我是接受还是拒绝呢？
3)reply在句中用作不及物动词，作“回答”解，常用reply to sb/sth，表示“对……作出回答”，作及物动词时，是“答道”，“回答说”的意思，后跟直接引语或宾语从句。作名词时，作“回答”、“回信”、“答复”解，例如：
She cried, but didn’t reply.她哭了，但不回答。
Please reply to my question at once.请立刻回答我的问题。
“Certainly, not ”she replied.“当然不行”她答道。
He replied that he didn’t know the secret.他回答说，他不知道这个秘密。
She didn’t lift her head, and made no reply.她头也不抬，也不回答。
answer和reply都可用作及物动词，作“回答”解，但answer可跟名词作宾语而reply只能跟直接引语或宾语从句，如跟名词，reply后须加to。例如：
Can you answer my question ?你能回答我的问题吗？(也可说Can you reply to my question?)
4.If Dr Baker is in the hall, will he please make himself known to me ?
如果贝克博士在会场的话，请他向我自我介绍一下好吗？
make oneself known to sb. 意思是“向某人作自我介绍”。例如：
They are all my friends. Will you please make yourself known to them ?
他们都是我的朋友。请你向他们自我介绍一下好吗？
5.Would you mind giving a talk today about DNA ?
能不能请你今天作一个关于DNA的报告？
“Would you mind doing sth.”是一个日常交际用语，表示礼貌地提出请求。例如：
Would you mind opening the window ?请你把窗户打开好吗？
Would you mind fetching me some water, please ?请你给我打点水来好吗？
Would you mind sending him a message for me ?请你帮我带个口信给他好吗？
6.You must be joking !你一定是在开玩笑吧！
must表示推测，作“一定”“想必”解。must后用现在进行时be joking，表示此刻正在进行的动作。例如：
Where are they ? They must be playing football on the playground now.
他们在哪儿呢？他们一定是正在操场上踢足球了。
It’s ready seven o’clock. She must be waiting for you in her house now.
已经7点，她肯定是正在家里等你呢。
7.That may be so.这是有可能的。
情态动词“may”在句中作“可能”解，也具有推测的含义，但语气不像must那样肯定。例如：
He may be right.他可能是对的。
They may come here tomorrow.他们明天可能会到这里来。
She may be still waiting for us.她可能还在等我们呢。(比较：She must be still waiting for us.他一定还在等我们。)
8.“There must be some mistake,”said Dr Baker.贝克博士说，“准是出了什么差错了。”
句中some作“某一个”解，常用在单数普通名词前，表示未知的，或说话者不愿特别说明的人、地、物等。例如：
Some man at the door is asking to see you.门口有人要见你。
She won a competition in some newspaper or other.她在某报举办的比赛中获胜。
For some reason she didn’t come to school yesterday.由于某种原因，她昨天没来上学。
They plan to visit China some time near year.他们计划在明年的某个时候访问中国。
He must be living at some place not far from here.
他一定是住在离这不远的某个地方
9.“ENT? What does that stand for ?”asked the organizer.──“Illnesses of the ear, nose and throat…”ENT? 它代表什么？组织者问道。──“代表耳、鼻喉科的疾病……”stand for作“代表”解，本句的完整回答是：“It stands for illness of the ear, nose and throat.”ENT是ear, nose, throat。3个词的第一个字母组成的缩略语，这种省略语不管是一个字母或多个字母，当其作主语时，都作单数看待，谓语动词要用单数。例如：
What does C stand for in“37℃”？──It stands for centigrade.
“37℃”中的C代表什么？──代表摄氏(寒暑表)。
UN stands for the United Nations. UN代表联合国。
10. Dr lively was going to talk on that very subject today.
莱芙利博士今天原打算要读的正好是这个题目。
1)介词on在句中作“关于”(about )解。例如：
Have you any idea on that problem ?关于那个问题，你有什么想法。
Dr Baker was asked to give a talk on DNA.
贝克博士被邀请做一个有关DNA的报告。
I can’t agree with you on this point.关于这一点，我不能同意你的意见。
2)句中的very是形容词，修饰后面的名词subject，用来加强语气。作“正好”、“就是”解。
This is the very thing I need.这正是我需要的东西。
He is the very person we are looking for.他正是我们要找的那个人。
She determined to go that very afternoon.她决定就在当天下午走。
篇9：高一英语第二十五单元 At the Conference
科目 英语
年级 高一
文件 high1 unit25.1.doc
标题 At the Conference
章节 第二十五单元
关键词 高一英语第二十五单元
内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
单元双基学习目标
Ⅰ . 词汇学习
send out , get through , ring back , repeat , funny , lady , attention , unable , world - famous , serious , introduction , college , joke , note , organize , medical , attend , organizer , gentleman , earn , suppose , out of breath , conference , a . m . , p . m . , make up , expert , throat
Ⅱ . 交际英语
打电话
1 . Can you ring up … ? 2 . I can't get through .
3 . The line's busy . 4 . I'll try again later .
5 . Could I speak to …, please ? 6 . Hold on , please .
7 . Can I take a message ? 8 . This is … speaking .
9 . Can you ask … to ring me back , please ? 10 . I'll ask … to call you .
Ⅲ . 语法学习
情态动词 must , may , might , can't , could …
这些情态动词常用来表示推测。
1 . must 用于肯定句，作“准是；一定是；一定是；相必是”解，对当前发生的情况作出非常肯定的推测。
must 用来表示有把握的肯定推测， ( 否定推测用 can't , 不能用 mustn't ) 其推测原因往往是根据某项客观存在的条件产生的。
The man talking to the students in the classroom must be a teacher .
2 . can't 或 couldn't 作“不可能，想必不会”解，以对当前发生的事作出否定的推测，表示出惊异，怀疑的情绪。
He can't be waiting for us at the school gate since he is ill .
3 . might , may , could 用于肯定，但它表示一种不太肯定的说法。译成“也许；可能”。这几个词同 must 相比，表示“无客观条件线索”的推测。
She might ( may , could ) be in the classroom .
【指点迷津】
怎样用好SUPPOSE
※ 想，认为 ( =guess , think ) 。
1 . 后接从句。
I suppose we're too late to catch the 9 : 30 train .
John supposed that he could find a job soon .
I don't suppose it's the rush hour yet .
I don't suppose she'll agree with us on the matter .
2 . 后接名词／代词 + 不定式 ( 不定式多为 to be ) 。
I suppose him to be around fifty . ( =I suppose that he is around fifty . )
She is supposed to be an expert in this field .
The work is not as simple as it was supposed to be .
这里值得注意的是 be supposed to… , 常常表示“应该……”。
He is supposed to be here on time .
We are supposed to help each other .
We are not supposed to smoke on the bus .
3 . 与 so , not 连用。
― Will she come with us ?
― Yes , I suppose so .
― Will it rain ?
― No , I suppose not . ／I don't suppose so .
4 . 用于插入语。
You don't mind my smoking here , I suppose .
What do you suppose is the right way out of difficulty ?
※ 假定，设想 ( =be thought , take it as a fact ) 。
1 . 后接名词／代词 + 不定式 ( 不定式为 to be ) 。
Suppose the poor girl to be your daughter . ( =Suppose that the girl is your daughter . )
Let's suppose the news to be true . ( =Let's suppose that the news is true . )
2 . 后接从句。常用 Suppose… 或 Let us suppose … 的句式。
Suppose the earth is flat .
Let us suppose that his statement is right .
此句型常用来表示建议，意思是“……怎么样 ? ”，“何不…… ? ”
Suppose we put off the meeting till tomorrow .
Suppose we go for a picnic tomorrow .
另外，suppose／supposing 置于句首时可表示条件，意思是“假如”，“万一”，“倘若”等，相当于 if。
Suppose／Supposing it rains tomorrow , what shall we do ?
电话中的“请等一下”
高一下册第25单元和第26单元出现打电话时说的“请等一下”的句子，其英语表达形式丰富多彩：
1 . A minute , please . 2 . Just a minute .
3 . Just a moment . 4 . One moment , please .
5 . Hang on a moment , please . 6 . Hang on a minute , please .
7 . Don't hang up , please . 8 . Hold on , please .
9 . Hold on a second , please . 10 . Hold the line , please .
11 . Would you hold the line a moment ? 12 . Would you wait a minute ?
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
单元重点词汇点拨
1 . repeat 重说，重做
Please repeat the word .
She repeated the poem .
Don't repeat the same error .
〖 点拨 〗不要把 repeat 后再加 again。
2 . funny 有趣的，滑稽可笑的
What a funny story !
I don't think that's at all funny .
He is a very funny man .
〖 点拨 〗fun 是 funny 的名词，用作不可数名词。如：
What fun it is to see a film !
3 . attention 注意，关心
Pay attention to what you are doing .
We have given close attention to these needs .
They listened with great attention .
〖 点拨 〗词组：pay (much , no , little , more …) attention to注意…… 。fix one’s attention on精力集中中……。with attention =attentively聚精会神地。
4 . unable 不能的，不能胜任的.
He seemed unable to understand what you said .
I am sorry to be unable to come .
〖 点拨 〗将来时和完成时一般不用 unable , 而用 not able . 另外，注意unable在句中时的反意疑问句：He is unable to help us , isn’t he ?
5 . world-famous 世界闻名的
It is a world-famous university .
6 . serious 严肃的，认真的，严重的
He looked serious .
Are you really serious when you say you'll help me ?
He was serious about the matter .
It was a serious accident .
7 . introduction 引进，介绍
He encouraged the introduction of new techniques .
Mary made the introductions and we all shook hands .
单元词组思维运用
1 . send out 发出；分发
What a lot of invitations to send out !
Please send out the letters quickly .
2 . get through 接通 ( 电话 )
I can't get through . The line is busy .
I rang you up this morning , but I couldn't get through to you .
3 . hold on ( 电话用语 ) 别挂电话
Hold on please , I'll go go and see if Tom is in .
4 . ring back／call back 回电话
Can you ask her to ring me back , please ?
He rang back at nine yesterday evening , but I was still out .
5 . an invitation to …参加…的邀请
Dr Baker received an invitation to a Medical Conference .
6 . a bit 稍微；有一点儿 ( 修饰 adj . 或 adv . )
He decided to attend the meeting though he was still a bit surprised .
I'm a bit tired , I'm not going to watch the film .
注：a bit of + n . u 一点儿…
He gives a bit of money to his old mother every month .
7 . reply to 回答某人；回信
Dr Baker replied to the invitation , accepting it .
Please reply to my question .
Have you replied to him／to his letter ?
8 . do research in／on／into sth . 做…研究工作
I'm doing research in ENT at Lincoln College in Tennessee .
They are doing research in／into the causes of cancer .
9 . give a talk on／about sth . 做关于……的报告
She's giving a talk on health tomorrow .
Would you mind giving a talk today about DNA ?
10 . out of breath =breathlessly 上气不接下气
He walked so fast that he was soon out of breath .
11 . make up ―― 编造；弥补；打扮；构成
Make up a dialogue , using the following as a guide .
He made up an excuse for being late .
I have to make up the time I wasted .
The teacher helped his pupils make up the lesson they had missed .
Most young ladies like to make up ( their faces ) .
The actor made ( himself ) up for the part of an old man .
Different qualities make up a person's character .
This is made up of three different parts .
12 . as a guide ―― 作为指南，作为向导
It may not be a good thing to take your friend's experience as a guide .
I hope this hand book will serve you as a good guide for learning English .
13 . say to oneself ―― 自言自语，暗自思量
“That's funny ! ”said Dr Baker to himself .
“What shall I do next ? ”she said to herself .
He said to himself that there was something wrong .
I woke up at six and said to myself , “It's still early . ”
14 . make oneself known to sb . ―― 向 ( 某人 ) 作自我介绍
If Dr Baker is in the hall , will he please make himself known to me ?
When I saw the new teacher , I made myself known to him .
Could you make yourself known to us ?
15 . be lucky to ―― 幸运地，碰巧地
You are lucky to be alive after being in that accident .
You are lucky to own a car .
However , we are lucky to have another world - famous expert here at the conference .
He was lucky enough to meet with an old friend .
16 . go over to ―― 走到 ( 某人或某物 ) 去
Dr Baker got up and went over to the organizer .
He went over to the other side of the street .
We went over to the next town to the game .
〖 点拨 〗go over to 与 go over 的意思不一样。go over 是“重复，重温，仔细检查”等意思。如：
Let's go over the lesson again .
They went over their lessons together at night .
Would you mind going over this work for me ?
单元难点疑点思路明晰
1 . Will he please make himself known to me ? 请他向我自我介绍一下好吗 ?
make oneself known to sb . 是“向某人作自我介绍。”类似用法还有：make oneself heard ( 使别人听到自己的声音 ) , make oneself understood ( 使别人懂得自己的意思 ) 等。例如：
When you speak English , be sure to make yourself understood .
I didn't succeed in making myself understood .
She couldn't make herself heard .
He made himself heard across the room .
You must make yourself respected .
2 . Dr Baker replied to the invitation , accepting it . 贝克博士还是答复了请柬，接受了邀请。
accepting it 是现在分词短语，表示伴随动作，相当于 and accepted it , 又如：
He ran up to her breathing heavily .
My train starts at six , arriving in Beijing at ten .
注意同义词 accept 与 receive 的区别：
receive ( 收到，得到 ) ，只表示客观的收到某物，与主观愿望无关。
accept ( 接受 ) 表示主观上乐意接受。如：
I received his offer , but did not accept it .
He received an invitation to the party and was glad to accept it .
3 . Will : Does she have your number ? 威尔：她有你的 ( 电话 ) 号码吗 ?
Mary : Perhaps not . It's 6674044 .
玛丽：也许没有。我的号码是 6674044 .
Perhaps not 是一个否定式的省略句。从上文来看，它应是“Perhaps she doesn't have my number . ”的省略。类似的否定性省略还有：
Of course not／Certainly not／Surely not 等。
这种省略的肯定式为：Perhaps so 也许是／Quite so 确是这样／Just so 正是这样／Certainly ( 当然是 ) 等等。例如：
Do they have lunch at school ?
Perhaps so ( not ) ／Certainly ( not ) .
Will you be free tomorrow ?
Of course ( not ) ／Perhaps so ( not ) .
4 . There must be some mistake . 准是出了什么差错了。
some 在此处的意思是“某一个”，用在单数名词前，表示未知的或说话者不愿特别说明的人、地、物等。例如：
Some person at the door is asking to see you .
I remember having read that article in some magazine .
I hope you'll come to see me some afternoon .
There must be some reason for what he's done .
We expect him back some time next week .
I suggest that we go to some park to spend our weekend .
5 . Would you mind giving a talk today about DNA ? 今天能否请你做一个关于 DNA 的报告 ?
Would you mind doing sth . ? 是一个日常交际用语，表示礼貌地提出请求。
注意在回答中，要对 mind 进行回答，因此“No”，是“不介意”，也就是同意做；而“Yes , ”“I'm afraid . . . not”则是“介意”，也就是不行。
― Would you mind opening the door for me ? 请你帮我打开门好吗 ?
― No , of course not . ／I'm afraid I can't . 当然可以。／恐怕不行。
6 . You must be joking !
你一定是在开玩笑吧 !
joke 既可作名词用，表示“笑话”、“玩笑”，也可作动词用，表示“开玩笑”、“说笑话”。本句 ( You must be joking ) 实际上是表示不相信，且含有讥讽的意思。例如：
I was only joking .
He likes to joke with us about something in his family .
Don't play a joke on me .
I only said it for a joke .
7 . You can't be serious ! 你该不是当真的吧 !
serious 形容词，作“严肃的”、“认真的”解 ( =no joking ) 解。情态动词 can , 也可表示揣测，但主要用于疑问句和否定句。试比较：
You must be serious .
Can you be serious ?
8 . Dr Peter Baker is an expert on DNA , and I'm an expert on ENT . 彼得贝克博士是 DNA 专家，而我则是 ENT 专家。
be an expert on “是…方面的专家”。介词 on 表明具有某方面的专业知识。例如：
His father is an expert on Chinese history .
He is an expert on foreign affairs .
expert 后有时接介词 at／in , 表示擅长某种技能。例如：
My mother is an expert at／in cooking .
He is an expert at medicine .
9 . I'm doing research in ENT at Lincoln College in Tennessee .
do research in／on 从事……研究工作。例如：
He has done a lot of research on that subject .
He is famous for doing his researches in electricity .
【妙文赏析】
Swimming 游泳
When all the days are hot and long 每当白昼炎热、漫长
And robin bird has ceased his song , 知更鸟停止了歌唱，
I go swimming every day 我每天出去游泳
And have the finest kind of play . 那是最美好的消遣。
I've learned to dive and I can float , 我学会了潜水和浮游
As easily as does a boat ; 轻松自若像一叶轻舟；
I splash and plunge and laugh and shout 溅水、跳水、大笑、大喊
Till Daddy tells me to come out . 直到父亲叫我上岸。
It's much too soon ; I'd like to cry 时间匆忙 ! 我真想哭
For I can see the ducks go by . 因为我见身边的鸭群还在畅游
And Daddy Duck ― how I love him ― 爸爸，我真喜欢它 ―― 鸭爸爸
He lets his children swim and swim . 他让孩子们一直游啊游啊 !
I feel that I would be in luck 假若我是一只鸭，
If I could only be duck . 那我该多么幸福 !
〖 赏析 〗《游泳》是一首十四行诗，文字浅显如儿歌，脍灸人口。炎热的夏季，在河里嬉戏玩耍，自由自在，非常惬意。孩童的天真浪漫，活泼好动，在诗中通过 dive , float , sp
lash , plunge , laugh , shout 等几个词语表现得淋漓尽致。阳光，孩童，小溪，白鸭，欢声笑语，恬淡清新，构成一副令人爽心悦目的戏水图。
【思维体操】
谜语天地
1 . It brings spring showers to the sand 曾携春雨润沙漠，
And sends the ships to distant land . 又送白帆航远海，
At times it flies into a rage , 摧花折柳不留情，
Destroying flowers with its hand . 只缘一时怒火来。
2 . Though I dance at a ball , 但见舞姿婆娑，
I am nothing at all . 实属虚无飘渺。
3 . On the bridge across the sky , 拱桥架长空，
There is no carriage passing by , 不见过车马；
With brilliance shining far and near , 七彩照人间，
All at once it'll disappear . 顷刻失影踪。
谜底：1 . wind ( 风 ) 2 . a shadow ( 人影 ) 3 . rainbow ( 虹 )
三、智能显示
【心中有数】
单元语法发散思维
1 . ― Could I borrow your dictionary ?
― Yes , of course you ____ .
A . might B . will C . can D . should
2 . ― May I put my bike here ?
― No , you ____ .
A . needn't B . can't C . mustn't D . aren't able
3 . Our teacher are at work . You ____ make so much noise .
A . won't B . mustn't C . may not D . needn't
4 . ― Need I start from the beginning ?
― Yes , you ____ .
A . need B . do C . can D . must
5 . ― Must I write down the new words now ?
― ____ .
A . No , you needn't B . No , you may not
C . No , you mustn't D . No , you can't
6 . ― Look , it ____ be Lao Wang .
― No , it ____ be him . He has gone abroad .
A . may ; mustn't B . must ; may C . must ; can't D . can ; may not
7 . ― You ____ do what you like this morning .
A . could B . can C . are able D . can be able to
8 . He worked very hard and ____ pass the examination .
A . can B . could C . was able to D . could be able to
9 . There was no wells in their village before , they ____ carry water from the river far away .
A . must B . had to C . may D . might
10 . She ____ to the cinema for I saw her just now .
A . mustn't have gone B . may not go C . can't have gone D . needn't go
11 . I can't find Dr . Wang anywhere in the office building . Where ____ he have gone ?
A . must B . can C . should D . need
12 . I ____ a talk with her , but I was too busy then .
A . must have had B . should take C . should have had D . may take
答案及精析： 1 . C。could 用于疑问句，表示请求，语气委婉，答语必须用 can。2 . C。may 用于疑问句，表示请求，否定回答要用 mustn't , 表示“不可以”、“禁止”、“阻止”之意。3 . B。句中第一句说明“老师正在工作”，因而说“你绝对不可大声吵闹。”mustn't 表“绝对不可”。4 . D。need 作为情态动词的疑问词，其肯定回答一般用 must。其否定回答为“needn't”。5 . A。回答 must 引出的问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用 mustn't ( mustn't 表示绝对不可 ) ，而要用 needn't 或 don't have to。6 . C。“must be + 表语”结构表示体力或脑力方面的能力。A 项时态不对，C 项本身错，D 项中 can 与 be able to 不连用。8 . C。can 表示“能力”而 be able to 表示经过一番努力才达到目的。从 He worked very hard 判断，应选 C。9 . B。must 表示谈话双方主观上认为“有义务”、“有必要”去做某事，而 have to 表示客观需要。另外 must 一般不用于过去式句中，但可用在间接引语中。10 . C。对过去发生的事情的推测，要用“can／could + have + 过去分词”。11 . B。对过去发生的事情的疑问推测也用“can／could + have + 过去分词”。12 . C。对“过去本该做而没有做的事情”的表达，一般用“should + have + 过去分词”，也可用“ought to + have + 过去分词”。
【动手动脑】
单元能力立体检测
单句改错
1 . The fire destroyed the woods which was belonged to the villagers .
2 . I was preparing dinner while you called me .
3 . He was used to be as strong as a horse when he was in the countryside .
4 . It's harder for women to get to the top of a company .
5 . You did very carelessly that you couldn't pass the test .
6 . Mary's back was bad hurt , so she has to stay in bed .
7 . Mr Brown waved to his friends with smile .
8 . John and Bob lived in a same room on the second floor .
9 . What a fun it is to go swimming in a river in summer !
10 . English lessons on TV with explanations in Chinese are easily to follow .
11 . I don't want to be friends with him unless he will stop telling lies .
12 . This is the new biology lab where we visited last year .
答案与简析：
1 . belong 表示“属于”，是不及物动词，常与介词 to 连用，不能用被动语态，应把 was 去掉。 2 . 表示一个动作正在进行时，突然又发生了下料想不到的动作，须用并列连词 when，意为“那时”、“这时” =and then , 应把 while 改成 when。 3 . used to do sth . 表示“过去常常……”，和现在对比，现在不这样了；be used to sth . ( doing sth . ) 表示“习惯于……”，可用于各种时态。该句主句谓语动词的用法属于前者，应把 used 前的 was 去掉。 4 . 该句 It 为形式主语，真正的主语是置于句子后部的 to get to the top of a company。该句是指做某事困难，而没有比较的意味，因此作表语的形容词应用原级，应把 harder 改成 hard。 5 . “so…that…”意为“如此……以至于……”，是一个固定句型，so 修饰形容词或副词，表示程度，that 引导一个结果状语从句，应把 very 改成 so。 6 . 句中作表语的 hurt 是由过去分词演变过来的形容词，须用副词修饰，应把 bad 改成 badly。 7 . with a smile =smiling 表示“微笑着”，是固定的介词短语，应在 smile 前加 a。 8 . 按照英语习惯用法，same 作形容词修饰名词时，其前通常加定冠词 the，应把 a改成 the。 9 . fun 表示“乐趣”，“兴致”是不可数名词，应把 fun 前的 a 去掉。 10 . 表示事物的性质或特征，通常用形容词作表语，应把 easily 改成 easy。 11 . 按照英语时态的呼应规律，在条件状语从句中须用一般现在时代替一般将来时，应把 will stop 改成 stops。 12 . 先行词为表示地点的名词 lab , 关系词在定语从句中作及物动词 visited 的宾语，只能用关系代词而不能用关系副词，应把 where 改成 which 或 that。
【创新园地】
某班将于6月20日晚上8∶00(星期六)在本班教室举行英语晚会。节目包括唱歌、朗诵(recitation)、讲故事、滑稽剧(skit)和话剧等。这次活动要求全体同学参加，也欢迎其他班级同学光临。另外，根据安排，全班同学后天将去市第一人民医院检查身体。每人须带两张照片。假设你是班长，请根据以上内容拟一份口头通知。字数：100个左右。
创新园地答案：
Announcement
Comrades ,
We have two things to tell you . We're going to have an English evening party in our classroom at 8∶00 on Saturday evening , June 20 . The program includes songs , recitations , story - telling , skits and plays . Every one in our class must take part in it and students from other classes are also welcome .
One more thing：according to the arrangement , the day after tomorrow we'll have a medical check in the First People's Hospital of the city . Every one must get two photos ready .
That's all . Thank you .
★ 英语教师教学计划
★ 计划的英语
★ 第一学期科组总结
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