初一英语上册知识点(集锦6篇)由网友“Gary”投稿提供,以下是小编帮大家整理后的初一英语上册知识点,欢迎大家分享。
篇1:初一英语知识点上册
七年级英语知识点
1.现在进行时
其结构为be的现在式(am, is, are)+ 现在分词(V-ing)。
否定形式在be后面加not,疑问式将be动词提前
2.动词-ing形式的构成:
一般情况+ing;以不发音的e结尾的,去e加ing;重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写辅音字母再加ing
3.go to the movies
4.join sb for sth与某人一起做某事
join us for dinner
5.live with sb
live in+地点
6.other,another与the other
Other “其他的,另外的”,后接名词复数,有时other+n复数=others
Another “又一(个),另一(个)”,泛指总数为三个或三个以上中的任意一个,后接名词单数。
The other“(两者中的)另一个”,常与one连用,“one…the other…”表示“一个…,另一个…”
7.talk on the phone
8.wish to do sth
9.Here is+ n单
Here are+ n 复
七年级英语重要知识点
※副词
用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句,在句中作状语或表语。
eg. Now he is back in New York again.
现在他又回到了纽约。
Mike is a good student. He often does his homework carefully.
副词一般分为七大类:
①时间副词: now, often, then, early, ago, before
②地点副词: here, there, out, above, up, down
③方式副词: hard, well, badly, fast, slowly
④程度副词: very, much, still, almost, too, so
⑤疑问副词: how, when, why, where
⑥关系副词: when, where, why
⑦连接副词: now, where, why
often 等表示“频率”的时间副词,总被放在句子中间,又称“中置副词”。这类副词有 always(总是)、 usually(通常)、sometimes(有时)、ever(曾经)、never(从不)等。
“中置”规律:
①放在单个的 be 动词之后;
②放在单个实义动词之前;
③谓语动词为多个词时,放在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
如: You are always late for school. 你总是上学迟到。
I usually go to school by bike.
I never see that book.
He often helps other students.
He goes to work on foot sometimes.
七年级英语语法知识点
【疑问句】
疑问句是用来提出疑问的句子,句末用问号―?‖。常考的疑问句有四类,即:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句。
第一节 一般疑问句
一般疑问句通常需要用yes 或no 来回答,所以又叫做―是非疑问句‖。在读这种句子时 要用升调。一般疑问句主要有以下几种类型:
1、―be + 主语 + 表语‖结构
— Are you sleepy ? 你困了吗?
— Yes, I am . 是的,我困了。
3、―情态动词 + 主语言+ 行为动词(或be)‖结构
— May/Can I use the telephone? 我能用这部电话吗?
— Yes, you can. 是的,可以。
5、―助动词(do, does, did)+ 主语 + 行为动词‖结构
— Do you like swimming in summer? 你喜欢夏天游泳吗?
— No, I don`t . 不,我不喜欢。
难点提示
回答否定性一般疑问句时,要在Yes 后面用肯定结构,表示肯定;在No 后面用否定结构,表示否定。注意在说法上正好与汉语习惯相反。诀窍是在回答的时候,只要把它当成没有加否定形式的普通一般疑问句看待就可以了。注意下面例句的回答和它的意思。
— Is he not your elder brother? 他不是你的哥哥吗?
—Yes, he is . 不,他是(我的哥哥)。No, he is not. 是的,他不是(我的哥哥)。 — Isn`t she very clever? 她难道不是很聪明吗?
— Yes, she is. 不,她很聪明。 — No, she is not . 是,她不聪明。
第二节 特殊疑问句
一、特殊疑问句是用来提出来特定问题的疑问句,要求听到问题的人针对特定情况来做具体的回答,不能像一般疑问句一样简单地用Yes 或No 来回答,特殊疑问句要用降调来读。
二、特殊疑问句的结构:
特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
Who do English homework in the evening?谁晚上做英语家庭作业?
What do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么?
What homework do you do in the evening?你晚上做什么家庭作业?
When do you do English homework?你什么时候做英语家庭作业?
篇2:初一英语上册知识点
一.动词be(is,am,are)的用法:说明身份,年龄,状态等。
口诀:我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。
单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。
变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。
be动词的用法:
be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。
第一人称单数(I)配合am来用。
句型解析析:I am+…
I am a student. I am a boy.
第二人称(You)配合are使用。
句型解析:You are+…
You are my good friend. You are a good person.
第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。
句型解析:She(He, It) is +…
She is a good girl. She is so cute.
人称复数 (we /you/they)配合are使用。
句型解析:We (You, They) are +…
We are in Class 5,Grade 7. You are good students.
注意:
1 综合解析当使用be动词的时候,前面请先加上第几人称。
be动词前面的人称,是不可随意替换的。例如:
I am, You are, She is,并不会出现I is, You am, She are 这样的情形。
2 当只有第一人称和第二人称或第三人称时应该把第二人称或第三人称放在前
例如:you and I, Tom and I
当第二人称和第三人称放在一起时把第二人称放在前面,
例如:you and Tom
当三者都有时,排序为:2 3 1
例如you, Tom and I
练习:1. Where ______ Ann . She ______ here.
2. How old ______ you . I ______ thirteen.
3. ______ you Mr Read . Yes, I ______.
4. What ______ your name. My name ____ Ann
二 情态动词Can
1 can作“能、会”解,否定式是cannot,缩写为can’t。
“can+动词原形” “can’t+动词原形” :表示某人能做或不能做某事
Can 是情态动词,没有人称和数的变化。
Can 表示的”能力”为现在的能力,而不是过去或将来的能力。
1). for ability表示能力。例如:
—Can you write in English? —Yes, I can.
I can run fast,can you?
2). indicating acquired knowledge or skill表示获得的知识或技能。例如: —Can she speak Japanese? —No, she can’t.她会说日语吗?不,她不会。
3). indicating permission表示许可。例如:
Can I read your newspaper?我能看看你的报纸吗?
Can I take you home?我送你回家行吗?
We can’t wear jeans at work.我们上班时不准穿牛仔裤。
4). indicating requests表示要求。例如:
Can you help me with this box?你能帮我弄这个箱子吗?
Can you feed the cat?你喂喂猫好吗?
5). indicating possibly表示可能性。例如:
That can’t be Mary—she’s in hospital.那不可能是玛丽—她住院了。
He can’t have slept through all that noise.那么吵他不可能睡得着觉。
There’s someone outside—who can it be?外面有人—会是谁呢?
6). used to make suggestions用以提出建议。例如:
We can eat in a restaurant, if you like.你愿意的话,咱们可以在饭馆吃饭。
I can take the car if necessary.必要时我可以开车去。
三 情态动词Would
1 Would是will的过去式,可用于各人称,表示过去时间的“意志”、“愿望”和 “决心”等。 如:I told peter that I would go along wit him.我告诉彼得我要跟他一块去。
2 would用来表示现在时间时时,不论是表达说话人本身的意志或向对方提出请求,均较will婉转。如:
Would you like to have a glass of wine? 你要喝杯酒吗?
Would you please tell me the way to the nearest bus-stop?
[注]在日常会话中,I would like to和I should like to都可以说,I would like的简略式为I'd like。如:yes, I’d like to. Yes, I’d love to
Yes, very much. Sorry, ai already have an appointment.
3 Would还可以表示过去习惯发生的动作
I found that retired persons would often go to the park to play chess.我发现退休的人经常到公园里下棋。
When he had a problem to solve,he would work at it until he found an answer.当他有个问题要解决时,他总是想办法一直到找到答案为止。
练习:
1 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I____.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not
2 The children___ play football on the road.
A. can't B. can C. mustn't D. must
3 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday?
A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try
4 Excuse me. ___ you please pass me that cup?
A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must
5 ___ you like to have another try?
A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do
6 -Would you like to go boating with us? -Yes, ___.
A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do
四 “there be”句型
There be句型主要用以表达“某处(某时)有某人(某物)。
”其基本结构为“There be+某物(某人)+某地(某时)”其中there是引导词,没有词义;主语是be后面的名词, be是谓语动词,在一般现在时中be只用is和are两种形式。 There be句型中的be动词如何确定呢?请先看看下面这首歌诀:
Be动词,有三个,am,is还有are。“There be”真特别,不留am只留俩,那就是is还有are。要用is还是are,须看其后的名词是单数还是复数。若是单数或不可数名词用is,否则就用are。如:
①There is a tree behind the house.
②There is some water(水)in the bottle(瓶子).
③There are some pears in the box.
(3)注意:如果“be”后的主语是由and连接的两个或两个以上的名词,那么be的形式要遵循“远亲不如近邻”的原则。也就是说,“be”的形式是由与它最近的'那个名词来确定的。若那个名词是单数或不可数名词要用is,是复数就用are。如:
①There is a book and some pens on the floor.
②There are some pens and a book on the floor.
肯定句:there is an apple on the table
否定句:there isn't an apple on the table.
一般疑问句: Is there an apple on the table? 回答:yes, there is. / No, there isn't 特殊疑问句:what is there on the table.
1. 定义:There be句型表示某处存在某物或某人。
2. 结构:
(1) There is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+ 地点状语.
(2) There are +复数名词+地点状语.
there是引导词,在句中不充当任何成分,翻译时也不必译出。句子的主语是某人或某物,谓语动词be要与主语(某人或某物)的数保持一致。当主语是两个或两个以上的名词时,谓语动词要与跟它最近的那个名词一致。
① There is a bird in the tree. 树上有一只鸟。
② There is a teacher and many students in our classroom.
我们教室里有一位老师和许多学生。
③ There are two boys and a girl under the tree. 树下有两个男孩,一个女孩。
3. There be句型与have的区别:
(1) There be 句型和have都表示“有”的含义。区别如下:There be表示“某处存在某物
或某人”;have表示“某人拥有某物/某人”,它表示所有、拥有关系。
①He has two sons. 他有两个儿子。
②There are two men in the office. 办公室里有两个男人。
(2)当have表示“包括”、“存在”的含义时,There be 句型与其可互换。
①A week has seven days. =There are seven days in a week. 一个星期有七天。 4 变脸一:否定句
There be句型的否定式的构成和含有be动词的其它句型一样,在be后加上not或no即可。注意not和no的不同:not是副词,no为形容词,not a/an/any + n. 相当于no+ n.。例如:
There are some pictures on the wall. →There aren't any pictures on the wall. =There are no pictures on the wall.
There is a bike behind the tree. → There isn't a bike behind the tree=There is no bike behind the tree.
5 变脸二:一般疑问句
There be句型的一般疑问句变化是把be动词调整到句首,再在句尾加上问号即可,此为“调整法”。但同时要注意:当肯定句中有some时,要将其改为any(否定变化也一样)。看看下面两句是如何“改头换面”的吧:
There is some water on Mars. → Is there any water on Mars?
There are some fish in the water. →Are there any fish in the water?
6 变脸三:特殊疑问句
There be句型的特殊疑问句形式有以下三种变化:
① 对主语提问:当主语是人时,用“Who's+介词短语?”;当主语是物时,用
“What's + 介词短语?”。注意:无论原句的主语是单数还是复数,对之提问时一般都用be的单数形式(回答时却要根据实际情况来决定)。如:
There are many things over there. →What's over there?
There is a little girl in the room.→Who is in the room?
② 对地点状语提问:提问地点当然用“Where is / are+主语?”啦!例如:
There is a computer on the desk. → Where is the computer?
There are four children on the playground. →Where are the four children? ③ 对数量提问:一般有两种句型结构:
How many+复数名词+are there+介词短语?
How much+不可数名词+is there+介词短语?
五 、一般现在时
一般现在时:
1) 它表示经常性、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。
e.g. I go to school on foot. He is very busy now.
2)表示主语的特征、性格、能力、爱好等。
e.g. He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV.
3)表示客观真理,表示格言或警句中
e.g. There are seven days in a week. The moon moves round the earth.
一 其结构按正常语序,即“主语+谓语+其它”,有时为了起强调作用,时间状语也可提前.
二 其句式变化可分为两种情况
1)表示动作, 一般人称作主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词don’t;变一般疑问句须在句首加助动词do。
They have lunch at 12:00. They don’t have lunch at 12:00.
Do they have lunch at 12:00?
2)单三人称做主语的,变否定句须在动词前加助动词doesn’t;变一般疑问句须在句首
加助动词does。
Jenny speaks English very well. Jenny doesn’t speak English very well.
Does Jenny speak English very well?
含有be动词的要在be上做变化.
E.g. Danny is a good student. Danny isn’t a good student.
Is Danny a good student?
三 其时间状语为often、 usually、 always、 sometimes等频率副词,on Saturdays、 in the morning(afternoon evening) 、every day 等。
做题时常见错误如下:
一、be动词与行为动词同时出现在句子中
例:We are plant (plant) the trees in spring.
解析:学生往往会用汉语的思维方式去翻译,就成了“我们是在春天植树”。这是学习英语最忌讳的,要看语法是不是正确,在英语中,be是表状态,do是表动作,两种动词不能同时出现在句子中,可记住如下口诀:“英汉语言有差异,be 、do不能放一起,仔细琢磨细分析,语法千万要牢记。”
二、单三人称形式易出错
例:1 He plaies (play) football very well.
2 Danny gos (go) to school at 7:10. 答案:1 plays 2 goes
解析:1以辅音字母加y结尾的动词变单三人称形式才能把y换成i再加es;2与名词变
复数不同,变单三人称形式以o结尾的词要加es.
三、在句式变换时易出错
例:1 Does Jenny has (has) a good friend?
2 Brian doesn’t lives (not live) in China. 答案:1 Does have 2 doesn’t live 解析:单三人称做主语的一般现在时做句式变化时,可记住如下口诀:“见助动,用原形”。
此口诀也可推广用于一般过去时态中。e.g. He didn't go home yesterday.
四、对do的理解易出错
例:We don’t (not do) our homework in the afternoon. 答案:don’t do
解析:do是一个比较难理解的词,它有三个含义: a)是所有行为动词的总称;b)是助动
词,无实义;c)是一个具体的行为动词“做,干”。此句中给出的do指“做,干”,not指把此句变为否定句,故须在do前加助动词don’t。
五、对主语的数判断有误
例: Li Ming with me are (be) in Beijing. 答案: is
解析:表面一看是“我和李明两个人在北京”,但with在此做伴随状语,不能做主语,故用is. 另外,宾语从句中,从句部分若是表示客观真理,不管主句是何时态,从句都要用一般现在时;在时间和条件状语从句中,主句表将来,从句要用一般现在时。
篇3:初一英语上册知识点
1.in+语言:表示用什么语言或用什么语言说(或写)。如:What’s this in English? He is writing a letter to his father in Chinese.
2.in pairs意为“成双地”,“成对地”,“两人一组”。如:Please ask and answer in pairs.
3.in the wall 表示在墙里面。如:There is a hole in the wall. 如果表示在墙的表面或墙上,用on the wall。如:She put a map of China on the wall.
4.at work意为“在工作”,work前不加the。类似这样的词组还有at home(在家),at school(上学),at table(就餐)等。
5.by+交通工具:表示“乘„„”。如:
by bike= on the bike
by train= on the train, by boat= on the boat
by plane / air = on the plane, by ship/sea= on the ship
by car = in the car, by bus =in the bus等。
但:步行则用on foot来表达。
6.on one’s way„表示“在去„„的途中”。如:
He found a dog walking in the street on his way home.
on one’s way to school 在某人上学的途中
on one’s way back 在某人返回的途中
7.on duty表示“值日”。如:Who’s on duty today? 今天谁值日?I am on duty. 我值日。
篇4:初一英语上册知识点
一、be动词的用法
be动词有三种变形,分别是:am, is, are。记忆口诀:
“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”;单数全都用is,复数全部都用are。
二、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格)
1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。
2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。
3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it。
4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。
5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。
6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。
三、基数词(表示数量多少的词,大致相当于代数里的自然数) zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen,
seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six,
twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。
篇5:初一英语上册知识点
1.动词+介词结构。
这类词组无论其宾语是名词还是代词,都要放在介词之后。如:
look after= take care of 照看,照料 look like 看上去像
look at„ 看„„ be worried about„ 对„„担忧
come from„ =be from „ 来自„„
get to„ 到达„„ work on„ 从事,操作„„
turn on(off)打开,(关掉) come into„ 进入„„
2.动词+副词结构
这类词组后接宾语时,宾语如果是名词既可放在动词与副词之间,也可放在副词之后;如果是人称代词,多放在动词和副词之间。如:
hand up 举起手来 put on 穿上;挂上(贴上) take off 脱掉 put away„ 把„„放好;把„„收起来
There be和to have句型
这两个句型都表示“有”的意思。There be表示“存在”的关系,to have侧重“所属关系”。如:
There are forty students in our class.
We have a happy family.
篇6:初一英语上册知识点
1、三种人称:第一人称(I, we),第二人称(you, you),第三人称(he, she, it, Maria).
2、人称代词的主格,即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态:I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria.
3、人称代词的宾格,即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态:me, us, you, you, him, her, it.
4、形容词性物主代词:my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their.
5、名词性物主代词:mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs.
6、反身代词:myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves.
★ 初一上册英语作文
★ 初一上册的作文
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