初中英语作文阅读(共25篇)由网友“熙子老婆啵啵”投稿提供,下面是小编给大家带来的初中英语作文阅读,以供大家参考,我们一起来看看吧!
篇1:阅读初中英语作文
阅读初中英语作文
After a long cold winter when I have rarely been out on my bike, the weather has finally turned warmer and even sunny occasionally. Yesterday I had a surprise call from Tom suggesting we turn out for a short ride. This being my intention anyway I gladly agreed and we met up at Jiedaokou Station at about ten o’clock.
As Tom has a permanent Sunday Lunch appointment at 12-30pm we opted to make a round trip to Hannan . The weather was cloudy but dry and as we were both a bit out of condition after a long winter lay off we took the easy option of taking the train to Shiyan to get us on top of the ridge with an easy start for the trip.
A long coast down to Jiangtan and straight on to Mount End saw us climbing up to Zhongshan Park. The climb got stiffer but still Tom kept on riding. Gritting my teeth I followed on and crested the hill, Then the usual Essex switchback with an enforced short walk for both of us part way along saw us at Tawny common. Round the common we went, to the Mole Trap, an erstwhile rough old country pub now tarted up for the motorists. I don’t go in there any more, so we sat on the adjacent public seat for a while and a short natter.
Time enough to break away, Tom to his lunch appointment, me for home by way of theYellow Crane Tower and Changjiang Bridge. See you in a while, crocodile! I arrived home about 2 o’clock. Just in time for my own Sunday lunch .
篇2:初中英语阅读课件
初中英语阅读课件
一、教材分析
本节课是新版新目标八年级上册Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake? SectionB 2a—2e,以感恩节及传统节日的食物的制作过程为话题,围绕感恩节及传统节日的食物的制作过程开展教学,指导学生利用节假日积极参加各种家务劳动或社会公益活动,养成热爱劳动的良好习惯。
二、教学目标
1.知识目标
1)通过看图说话、师生问答、调查报告、听录音、角色扮演等形式,使学生掌握本课时词汇Thanksgiving, pepper, oven, plate, gravy, traditional, autumn, traveler, celebrate, mix, fill, cover, sever, temperature等;让学生学会表达某一传统节日的食物的制作过程。
2) 通过师生问答、调查报告、听录音、调查采访、做游戏、观看视频等形式,使学生学会“…is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn.” “Here is one way to make turkey for a thanksgiving dinner.”等句子,并能用英语描述一种食物的制作过程。
2.能力目标:通过本节课的学习,能够通过阅读文章获取传统节日的信息及结合图片等手段介绍传统节日食物的制作过程,培养学生的阅读能力。
3.情感目标:指导学生利用节假日积极参加各种家务劳动或社会公益活动,养成热爱劳动的良好习惯
三、教学重点
本课时的词汇、短语和重点句型
四、教学难点
1.了解世界各地传统节日及传统食物的制作过程。
2. 学会询问和描述做一件事情的过程。
五、课型 阅读课
六、教学方法任务型语言教学法
七、教具准备A projector and some pictures
八、教学步骤
教师活动
学生活动
设计意图
Step 1
Revision
1. 教师问学生
What’s your favorite food? 然后出示几张老师和同学的照片的多媒体课件,叫学生讨论他们最喜欢的食物是什么,最后播放一段学生采访的视频,给出答案.
学生一个接着一个回答
学生热烈的讨论,猜出答案.
通过师生互相交流以及猜测同学和老师喜欢吃的食物,最后播放视频,激发学生学习英语的兴趣,导入新课。
2教师出示一张三明治的 图片,问学生
1 who can make sandwiches?
2 How do you make sandwiches? Please make a list
学生回答三明治的制作过程
1.Take a piece of bread
2.Put some lettuce on the bread
3. Put two teaspoons of relish on the lettuce
4. Put three slices of chicken on the relish
5.Put another slice of bread on the top.
复习三明治的制作过程,为下面的火鸡的制作过程做好铺垫。
Step2
Warming up
教师播放一段有关感恩节的视频.
学生观看
通过观看感恩节的视频.,让学生了解有关感恩节方面的内容,以及感恩节的标志性食物—火鸡的制作方法,为下一步学习做好铺垫。
Step3
Present the new words
教师通过多媒体图片呈现本课时新单词 Thanksgiving, traditional, autumn, traveler, England, celebrate,mix, pepper, fill,oven,plate,covergravy,serve, temperature等.并让学生用它们造句.
学生学习新单词并用新单词造句.
教师在黑板上板书Thanks-
giving tradi-
tional autumn traveler serve tempera-
ture等词汇, 通过图片呈现新单词. 以图片的形式呈现新单词,更直观,更便于学生记忆.
Step4
Read-
ing
Before reading
教师出示有关传统节日的信息的问题的多媒体课件
1. What kind of traditional food do people eat on special holidays in China?
2.What do you eat on New Year’s Day?
3.What do you eat on Dragon Boat Day?
4.What do you eat on Mid-Autumn Day?
学生根据教师出示的多媒体课件讨论这些问题
读前讨论,根据问题让学生自由大胆地谈论自己国家的传统节日的食物,引出本节课的内容,为下面课文的学习做好铺垫.
While read-
ing
Task1
教师出示图片,叫学生快速阅读文章,根据课文内容排序
学生快速阅读文章,根据课文内容排序
训练学生速读了解大意的能力和快速找出所需信息的能力.先了解文章主旨大意,理清文章结构和框架,然后核对答案.在这个过程中发挥学生说的能力和归纳总结的能力.
Task2
教师出示有关课文内容问题的'课件,叫学生去细读课文,回答以下问题
1. Where do people celebrate
2. When do people celebrate it?
3. Why do people celebrate it?
4. How do people celebrate it now?
5. What is the main dish of the Thanksgiving meal?
学生回答这些问题
1.In the United States.
2.It is always on the fourth Thursday in November.
3. People celebrate it to give thanks for food in the autumn and also remember the first travelers from England who came to live in America about 400 years ago.
4.By having a big meal at home with their family.
5 Turkey.
Task3
教师让学生根据Task1中感恩节火鸡的图片,复述其制作过程
学生复述感恩节火鸡制作过程
让学生掌握描述做一件事情的步骤
训练学生的听力技能,纠正自己的语音语调.
Task4
教师放录音,让学生跟读课文
学生跟读课文
After reading
教师让学生做2d,用First,Next,Then and Finally 填空。
培养学生的阅读能力以及写作能力。
Sept5
Pairwork
Task1
教师出示下列图片,在小组内讨论中国特殊的日子,具体时间是什么时候?人们怎样来庆祝这些特殊的日子?有什么传统的食物?你会做这些吗?…然后把它们组成一个完整的对话。
For example:
A: What do you think is the most special day in China?
B: I think it is Spring Festival.
A: When is this special day
B: It’s on January1st.
A:Is there any traditional food?
B: Yes, there is. People often eat dumplings on Spring Festival.
A: Can you make dumplings?
B: Yes, I can.
…
教师设计此任务的目的是激活英语课堂,巩固本节课所学的内容。
Task2
教师让学生想一个自己家乡的最著名的一个小吃,例如,煎饼果子 凉皮等等,制作过程是什么?
Step6 Summary
教师补充。
学生总结本节课
Step7 Homework
Read the passage after class
选择一个你熟悉的传统食物,用英语描述一下它的制作过程。
板书设计
Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake? SectionB 2a—2e
New words
Sentences
Thanksgiving, traditional, autumn, traveler, England, celebrate, mix, peper, fill, oven, plate ,cover, gravy, serve, temperature等
…is a time to give thanks for food in the autumn.
Here is one way to make turkey for a thanksgiving dinner.
Is there any traditional food?
篇3:初中英语阅读教学方法初探
初中英语阅读教学方法初探
初中英语阅读教学方法初探作者/邱美良
摘 要:阅读是初中英语教学中的一个重要内容,教师在阅读教学中要注意阅读情境的创设、阅读策略的实施以及阅读能力的巩固,有效地培养学生的阅读技巧,提高学生的阅读速度与学生的语言交际能力。
关键词:英语阅读;阅读情境;阅读策略;阅读能力
一、阅读情境的创设
1.营造平等和谐的教学氛围
现代心理学研究表明,学习者在学习中保持愉快和不紧张的情绪,有利于发挥学生的主动性和创造性,英语阅读教育过程如果能够在民主、平等、和谐的学习氛围中进行,会促使学生在愉快的情绪支配下进行自主学习和创造性学习。例如,每节课利用课前五分钟进行英语演讲活动,由学生主持演讲,并进行恰当地总结和评价,一方面营造了和谐的阅读教学氛围,另一方面又激发了学生进行创造性思维的灵感,学生真正感受到了英语阅读带给自己的无限乐趣。
2.阅读方式的多元化
一个人大脑接受刺激的方式不同,大脑反映出来的能动作用也就不同,所以教师在进行教学情境的创设时,可以利用多媒体等现代化的教学手段,来刺激学生的大脑做出快速反应。例如,在学习What is the weather like?这一单元的内容时,教师可以利用多媒体课件来展现不同天气的图片,制作同一时间内我国的主要城市天气的分布图表,在这样的教学情境中,学生的思维与视觉相伴,实现了抽象问题的形象化。
3.阅读思维的激发
初中生已经具备将具体形象演绎归纳为抽象思维的能力,所以教师在英语教学中应努力创设能够激发学生主动探索、发现、总结和归纳的情境。例如,在学习国家语言、名称时,()就引导学生联想该国家的名人名字、首都名称等,丰富和开阔学生的视野,也扩展了学生的思路。
二、阅读策略的有效实施
1.阅读导语的启发性
专家提示导语的设计与创设要有新颖性、简洁性、趣味性、针对性、启发性。如,笔者在上My hero――Dr Norman Bethune时,通过对前面相关内容的复习导入,Sally gave her chance to her best friend. Do you think she is a hero? Why?然后再问Who do you think she is a hero? Why?学生各抒己见,笔者顺着学生的思维因势利导,继续引导学生深入讨论。问Do you think Dr Norman Bethune is a hero? Why? Do you want to know more about him? Let’s learn: My hero――Dr Norman Bethune. 这么一导,自然进入新课。
2.因材施教,提高阅读策略训练的有效性
这里的“材”是指教学材料,不同的材料应结合不同的阅读策略进行培养。比如,一篇人物传记的文章必然会有许多表示年份的信息,教师可以引导学生运用scan(寻读)这一策略快速地获得相关的信息。再通过“事件图表”的策略帮助学生形成一个清晰的概念图,提高阅读理解的效果。
3.阅读媒介的趣味性
提高教学质量首先要从激发学生的学习兴趣入手。多媒体辅助教学具有很强的直观性和趣味性,它能够提供真实的教学情境,激发学生的求知欲,唤起学习兴趣,使一些抽象的、难懂的内容变得具体、直观,从而使学生主动参与学习活动。
4.多种阅读策略的训练主次得当
人们在阅读的过程中使用的策略不可能只限于一种,比如,在阅读一篇文章的时候,我们可能会先浏览题目和图片,猜测可能会看到的文章内容。然后会浏览小标题,了解文章的大致内容,在确认自己感兴趣的情况下,才会进行详细的阅读。同样,在阅读教学过程中可能会出现多种策略的情况,这就需要老师处理好不同策略的教学。例如,Go for it九年级Unit 2 Reading:He used to cause a lot of trouble.笔者对主要策略―――寻读的教学可以说贯穿整节课的主要环节。从一开始要求学生快速阅读寻找关键词,到第二次阅读要求学生寻找主要信息,再到读后环节要求学生结合所学策略进行拓展阅读以运用和巩固所学策略,使课堂教学紧紧地围绕着主要阅读策略训练而展开。与此同时,我还通过“润物细无声”的方法对两个次要策略进行了渗透。一个是猜词策略,主要是引导学生结合语境或上下文来学习词汇;另一个是预测策略,在本课例中进行了两次渗透。一次是在导入阶段要求学生通过图片来预测图片中的人物在哪儿?在干什么?第二次是在读前阶段要求学生对另外三幅图片进行预测,然后收集关键词,为学生进行寻读活动做好准备。
三、英语阅读的巩固
1.重、难点知识的巩固
为了更好地理解和巩固文章中的语法,教师要把阅读文章中的重、难点句子编成完形填空的`形式,来引起学生对阅读知识的关注,这种方法有利于突破课文的重点和难点;还可以围绕教材内容开展一些语言交际活动,例如,对阅读内容进行缩写、改写、续写等,或者根据课文内容开展采访活动,根据课文内容改编情景剧或者举行辩论赛等等,用这些多种多样的课后巩固形式来加强学生对阅读内容的理解和深化,同时也能锻炼学生的口语交际能力。
2.听、说、读、写能力的整合
学生的阅读能力不可能是孤立进行的,它要伴随着听、说、写能力的训练,因此在完成阅读训练之后,还可以带领学生朗读:放录音、学生跟读、学生跟录音朗读;说:把学生分成2~3人一组,就阅读内容做口头问答,或者教师给学生提供部分词语,由学生口头连词成文;或者将阅读内容改编成对话,锻炼学生的口语交际能力;写:教师将课文中的所有动词去掉,让学生完成完形填空,或者让学生缩写课文,培养学生的写作能力。
英语阅读教学是一个非常复杂的过程,需要教师进行循序渐进的引导。阅读理解能力的提高不仅可以促进学生口语交际能力的提高,还可以促进学生听、说、写的能力的提高,有利于学生对语言的把握,为学生未来的发展打下坚实的基础。
参考文献:
李文红。浅谈初中英语阅读教学[J]。学周刊,(05)。
篇4:初中英语阅读反思
一、背景 现行初中英语教材具有很多的优点,但由于学生认知水平的发展具有规律性,教师只有充分认识和掌握这种规律,并结合教学实际,合理设计教学程序,充分发挥学生的主体作用,教学相长,才能达到教学效果的最优化。
二、教材分析 1、话题:本课时选择的是初二英语课本第四单元 How often do you exercise?中的一篇文章,主要是围绕本单元的中心任务“Food and lifestyles ”而展开的。
2、内容:这篇文章讲述了很多学生平时的饮食和生活习惯。通过学习,让学生明白什么是健康的饮食和生活习惯。
3、目标:(1)理解课文内容,知道如何捕捉细节。
(2)根据图片猜测大意。
(3)引导学生掌握模仿主题进行描述的技巧, 形成根据主题理解文章细节并能分辨是非的能力。 Step 1: Warming–up activities
(一)Free Talk: To ask the student on duty to make a speech: “What is my favorite food?” 设计思路:以讨论日常生活的话题进入,可以活跃课堂气氛。同时,由于每天都有值日生报告,可以锻炼学生的书写和口头表达能力。另外,在交流过程中,也互相锻炼了学生的听力水平。
(二)1.Revise some names of food (Let the students speak freely.) 2. To show the students beautiful pictures of food During the talking,the teacher can write some of them on the Bb, especially some new words: fruit, sweet, bread, meat, juice. 3. To ask the students to ask and answer: “What is it?”, “Do you like it?” 设计思路:(1)通过感性的图片教学,可以进一步调动学生的学习积极性。 (2)让学生相互问答,了解食物的名称,在交流中培养他们的合作精神和解决问题的能力。
(三)Discussion : (1)What food can we eat a lot? (2) Do you think „ is good for our health? (3) Which is your favorite? 设计思路:通过有趣的话题极大地激发学生的好奇心,为进入正文教学打下基础。最后向学生展示有关食物的相关链接(P67)-- “Healthy Eating”,并让他们参与讨论,知道哪些才是正确的饮食。 教学后记:针对上述教学设计和课堂教学活动,笔者有以下三点体会:(1)本活动在设计上比较符合学生的认知水平,能激发学生完成任务的兴趣和参与活动的热情。(2)能使阅读前的“Warming–up activities”真正发挥“热身”的作用。这就为顺利开展之后的多个活动打下了基础。(3)上课伊始就顺利切入主题,中间过渡自然,言语富有鼓励性和启发性,能使学生产生强烈的共鸣。 Step 2: Reading (一)Listening and scanning: 1. What do students want to be?
2. What do students eat for breakfast now? 设计思路:(1) 听和读都是学生获取信息的有效途径。通过让学生边听边读(默读)可以培养其快速阅读的能力。(2)通过有目的地听和读,让学生在了解课文大意的同时握课文中一些细节性的内容。 (二)Intensive Reading: Read the text again, try to answer some questions: 设计思路:进一步有目的地读,可以让学生更好地了解课文细节。同时,通过抢答加分的方式,进一步激发学生的主动参与性。
(三)Skimming: 1. To ask groups 1 & 2 to read the text a third time, and make a dialogue in pairs. 2. To ask groups 3 & 4 to retell the story. 设计思路:1、让学生进一步阅读课文,了解文章的内容,通过对话培养学生交流与合作能力。 2、通过文章改写与复述培养学生运用语言的能力。
(四)Extension activity: To ask the students to tell something about their own lifestyles. 设计思路:学以致用,自己的话题会让他们产生更大的兴趣。同时,通过这项活动可以充分训练学生的综合技能。
四、教学后记 针对上述教学设计和具体的教学活动,本人事后有以下几点思考:
1、比赛是学生比较喜欢的学习方式。以竞赛形式贯穿整个教学活动是该部分教学设计的亮点。在比赛过程中,学生反应积极,讨论热烈,思维活跃,竞争激烈,教学效果比较令人满意。同时在教学过程中,充分并合理安排学生的合作活动,让他们在合作探究中共同提高,收到了较好的效果。
2、只有通过阅读才能让学生理解课文内容,并形成一定的阅读技能。本环节通过“提炼大意,情节捕捉,合作探究和延伸训练”四个步骤,培养学生概括主题、捕捉细节和再现阅读内容的技能。教师同时能注意设计合适的衔接语言,使各个教学环节自然过渡,让学生在不知不觉中进入学习状态并开展活动。
3、教师在教学过程中积极调动学生,让学生自己来组织并完成任务,真正体现了学生的主体地位。
篇5:初中英语阅读2
The New Story of the Hare and the Tortoise
The spring is coming. The forest(森林) sports meeting is beginning. A monkey is standing in the tree as a referee(裁判). The hare and the tortoise are getting ready for a race. The monkey fires the gun(枪). The hare and the tortoise begin to run. The hare is thinking while he runs:“I mustn’t stop to have a rest…” But the hare falls into the river carelessly(粗心地), and the hare can’t swim.
The hare shouts:“Help!Help!” Hearing the voice, the tortoise comes to the river. The tortoise says:“Let me help you!” And he does so. The tortoise and the hare go on running again. Very soon,the hare gets to the top of the hill.
The tortoise is climbing up the hill. Suddenly,the tortoise rolls down(滚下) the hill. The tortoise shouts:“Help, Help!” Hearing the voice,the hare runs down from the top of the hill. The hare says:“Don’t worry!Let me help you!” The hare finds a stick(树枝) and helps him to turn over. The tortoise says:“Thank you!Thank you!”They began to run again.
The hare reaches(到达) the end first,the monkey says:“The hare is the champion(冠军)”.
The hare feels shame(不好意思)and says:“Thanks for the tortoise’s help.”
At this moment,the tortoise also reaches the end and says:“You also helped me!”
The monkey holds the hare’s hand and the tortoise’s hand and says:“The hare and the tortoise are both champions!”
The Boy at the Dike①
Many years ago, there lived a boy who did a brave deed②. His name was Peter, and he lived in Holland, a country by the sea.
In Holland, the sea presses in③ on the land so much that the people built big walls of earth and stone to hold back the water. Every little child in Holland was taught that these big walls, called dikes, must be watched at every moment. No water must be allowed to come through the dikes. Even a hole no longer than your little finger was a very dangerous thing.
One afternoon in the early fall, when Peter was seven years old, his mother called to him. “Come Peter,” she said. “ I want you to go across the dike and take these cakes to your friend, the blind④ man. If you go quickly, you will be home again before dark.”
Peter was happy to go, because his friend, the blind man lived alone and was always glad to have a visitor. When he got to the blind man’s home, Peter stayed a while to tell him of his walk along the dike. He told about the bright sun and the flowers and the ships far out at sea. Then Peter remembered that his mother wanted him to return home before dark. So he said good-bye and set out for home.
As he walked along, he noticed how the water beat against⑤ the side of the dike. There had been much rain, and the water was higher than before. Peter remembered how his father always spoke of the “angry waters.”
“I suppose father thinks they're angry,” thought Peter, “because we have been keeping them out for so long. Well, I am glad these dikes are so strong. If they gave way, what would become of us? All these fields would be covered with water. Then what would happen to the flowers, and the animals, and the people﹖”
Suddenly Peter noticed that the sun was setting. Darkness was settling⑥ on the land. “Mother will be watching for me,” he said. “I must hurry.” But just then he heard a noise. It was the sound of trickling⑦ water! He stopped, looked down, and saw a small hole in the dike, through which a tiny⑧ stream⑨ was flowing.
A leak⑩ in the dike! Peter understood the danger at once. If water ran through a little hole, it would soon make a larger one, then the waters could break through and the land would be flooded(11)!
Peter saw what he must do. He climbed down the side of the dike and put his finger in the tiny hole. The water stopped! “The angry waters will stay back now,” said Peter. “I can keep them back with my finger. Holland will not be drowned(12) while I am here.”
But then he thought, “How long can I stay here﹖” Already it was dark and cold.
Peter called out, “Help! Is anyone there? Help!” But no one heard him. No one came to help.
It grew darker and colder still. Peter’s arm began to grow stiff(13) and numb(14). “Will no one come﹖” he thought. Then he shouted again for help. And when no one came, he cried out, “Mother! Mother!”
Many times since sunset, his mother had looked out at the dike and expected to see her little boy. She was worried, but then she thought that perhaps Peter was spending the night with his blind friend, as he had done before. “Well,” she thought, “when he gets home in the morning, I will have to scold(15) him for staying away from home without permission(16).”
Poor Peter! He would rather have been home than else in the world, but he could not move from the dike. He tried to whistle(17) to keep himself company, but he couldn’t because his teeth chattered(18) with cold. He thought of his brother and sister in their warm beds, and of his father and mother. “I must not let them be drowned,” he thought.“I must stay here until someone comes.”
The moon and stars looked down on the shivering child. His head was bent(19) and his eyes closed, but he was not asleep. Now and then he rubbed(20) the hand that was holding back the angry waters.
Morning came. A man walking along the dike heard a sound, something like a groan(21). He bent down and saw the child below. He called out, “What’s the matter, boy? Are you hurt? Why are you sitting there﹖”
In a voice faint(22) and weak,the boy said,“I am keeping the water from coming in. Please, tell them to come quickly!”
The man ran to get help. People came with shovels(23) to fix the dike, and they carried Peter, the little hero(24), home to his parents.
It is many a year since then; but still,
When the sea roars like a flood,
The children are taught what a child can do
Who is brave and true and good.
For all the mothers and fathers
Take their children by the hand
And tell them of brave little Peter
Whose courage saved the land.
Help:
1.dike n. 土堤,堤坝
2.do a brave deed 做一件勇敢的事
3.press in 浸入
4.blind adj. 盲的 a ~ man 盲人 be ~ in the right eye 右眼失明
5.against prep. 逆,对,违反 speak ~ sb. 说反对某人的话
6.settle v. 安顿,安放 ~ one hat on one’s head 把帽子戴在头上
7.trickle v. 滴,淌
Tears were trickling from her eyes. 泪水不断地从她眼中滴下。
8.tiny adj. 极小的,微小的
a ~ child 小不点儿 make ~ changes 作细微的改动
9.stream n. 河,溪流 on the banks of a ~ 在溪流两岸
10.leak n.裂缝,漏洞 a ~ in a roof 屋顶的漏洞
11.flood n./v. 洪水,水灾;淹没,泛滥
Every summer the river ~s. 每年夏天河水泛滥。
12.drown v. 淹死,溺死 She ~ed in the river 她溺水而死。
13.stiff adj. 硬的,不易弯曲的,僵硬的 The door is rather ~. 这门相当紧。
14.numb adj. 麻木的,失去知觉的 The arm went ~. 手臂麻木了。
15.scold v./n. 责骂 a writing that is a ~ 骂人的文章
I hate to ~,but you mustn’t stay out so late at night.
16.permission n. 允许,许可
give sb. ~ to do sth. 允许某人做某事
17.whistle v. 吹口哨 ~merrily 愉快地吹口哨
The train ~d. 火车拉响了汽笛。
18.chatter v. 喋喋不休,饶舌
The children ~ed about the teacher.
19.bend(bent,bent)v. 使弯曲
He bent the can opener. 他把罐头开罐器弄弯了。
20.rub v. 擦,摩擦. ~ a glass witha cloth 用布擦玻璃杯。
21.groan n./v. 呻吟声
The man gave a ~ and then lay still 那人呻吟了一声,然后就躺着不动了。
22.faint adj. 不清楚的;无力的,微弱的
His breathing became ~ 他的呼吸变得微弱了。
23.shovel n. 铲,铁锹
He was working with a pick and a ~. 他在用镐和铲干活。
24.hero n.英雄
The Moon and the Stars
Sometimes,when the sun has set,we see another light in the sky.
It is smaller than the sun,and not so bright. It shines like silver. It is the moon.
At the same time,we can see many little lights. They are very bright. They are the stars.
You cannot count the stars. There are too many of them.
They are very far away. That is why they look so small.
Each star is like our sun. It shines with its own light.
The moon has no light of its own. The sun makes it bright. Then it shines.
Do you know that the moon changes its shape?Watch it for a few nights.
It may look round. Then it is a full moon.
It will look a little smaller night by night. Soon it will be a halfmoon.
At last,it will show only a curved light.
After this comes the new moon. It will begin to grow larger. It will grows until it is full again.
International Date Line
Strange things happen from time to time when you travel because people divide(划分) the earth into twenty-four time zones(时区),one hour apart.You can have days with more or fewer than twenty-four hours,and weeks more or less than seven days.If you make a five-day trip across the Atlantic Ocean(大西洋),your ship enters a different time zone every day.As you enter each zone,the time changes one hour.If you travel westward,you set your watch back;and if you travel eastward,you set it ahead.Each day of your trip has either twenty-five or twenty-three hours.If you travel by ship across the Pacific(太平洋),you cross the International Date Line. By agreement(协定)a new day begins at this line.When you cross the line,you change your calender(日历)one full day,backward or forward.If travel eastward,today becomes yesterday,if westward,it is tomorrow.
The First Secret Message
There was once a king who lived in Egypt(埃及). He wanted to send a message to a friend who lived far away in Greece(希腊).
Now the king wanted his friend to read the message,but he didn’t want anyone else to see it. He wanted it to be a secret one. How could he send his friend the secret message? The king thought and thought. Then,at last,he had an idea. He knew how he could do that.
The king called in a servant whom he trusted most and said to him,“I want you to shave(剃) all the hair off your head.” And the servant did so.
“Now,”said the king,“I'm going to write something on your head.”
The servant bent down,and the king wrote a message on his head. Then the king said,“I want you to stay alone until your hair grows back. Your hair will hide what I have written. I'm going to put you in a locked room for a month.”
One month passed. The king went to see the servant and said,“I see that your hair has grown back. Now I want you to go to see my friend in Greece. And I want you to show him the message on your head. Only he may see it.”
When the servant got to the king's friend,he cut his hair off again to be read the message. Then the servant washed his head,and the message was off.
No one but the king and his friend ever knew what the message said. It was a secret message between them. It might have been the first secret message ever sent.
Traffic Rules in HongKong
When you travel in HongKong,you must be careful of the traffic rules,because the traffic keeps to the left and it’s different from that of the interior(内地)of China.Before crossing the street,you must look to the right and then to the left.If the traffic lights are red,the traffic must stop, people can cross the zebra line.If the traffic lights turn green,the traffic can go,people mustn't cross the road.
In the morning and in the evening,when people go to or come from work,the streets are very busy.The traffic is the most dangerous.
When you go somewhere by bus in HongKong,you have to be careful,too.Always remember the traffic keeps to the left. Have a look first,or you may go the wrong way.In HongKong, there are a lot of big buses with two floors.You’d better sit on the second floor.From there you can watch the city very well. How interesting!
[简析] 短文讲的是香港的交通规则:车辆靠左行驶,不像内地靠右行驶。街上最繁忙、最危险的时候是在人们上、下班的早晨和傍晚。观光市容坐两层的公共汽车上层看得更清晰。to/on the left/right是靠、向左/右边。绿灯亮时车辆通行,行人不能横过街道。
[思考]What does“the zebra line”mean?
篇6:初中英语阅读1
Friendship
友谊是沟通人与人心灵的桥梁, 让我们珍视友谊,祝“友谊地久天长”
Friendship is one of the greatest pleasures that people can enjoy. It is very difficult to find a better definition of friendship. A true friend does indeed find pleasure in our joy and share sorrow in our grief. In time of trial, he or she is always at our side to give us his or her help and comfort.
Knowing how valuable friendship is, we should be very careful in our choice of a friend. We must choose someone who has a good character, whose activities are good and who shows kindness of heart. We should avoid those shallow people who are easily changed by adversities or misfortune.
A true friend can always be trusted, loved and respected. If you tell a friend your secrets, he or she won’t tell anyone else. Friends share each other’s joys and sorrows. They help each other when they are in trouble, and cheer each other up when they are sad. The most important thing is that a friend always understands you. In conclusion, when you have made a good friend, don’t forget him or her.
友 谊
我们一生中不能没有友谊。它是人们最大的快乐之一。很难给友谊找到一个更好的定义。一个真正的朋友会与我们分享快乐与悲伤。 在考验人的时刻, 他或她总会站在我们一边,帮助我们,安慰我们。
知道了友谊的珍贵,在择友时我们就应非常谨慎。然而,选择朋友并不容易。我们一定要选择那些性格好、行为好、心地好的人。应避免选择那些遇到逆境或不幸就很容易改变的人。
一个真正的朋友总是让人信任、喜爱和尊敬的。如果你把自己的秘密告诉了朋友,他不会告诉别人。朋友之间会分享快乐和悲伤。当他们遇到困难时,会互相帮助;当他们悲伤时,会互相鼓励。最重要的是,朋友总是能理解你。最后说一句,当你交到好友时,不要轻易忘记他或她。
How to Read
When you read an article you will understand and remember it better if you can work out how the writer has put the ideas together.
Sometimes a writer puts ideas together by asking questions and then answering them. For example,if the article is about groundhogs(土拨鼠),the set of questions in the writer’s head might be:
What does a groundhog look like?
Where do groundhogs live?
How do they build their homes?
What do they eat?
When do they have babies?
In the article,the author might answer those questions.
Sometimes an author writes out her questions in the article.These questions give you signals.They tell you what the author is going to write next.When you read a question in an article you will usually find the answer to that question as you read on.
Often an author has a question in her head but she doesn’t write it out for you.She just tells you the answer to her question as she writes.You have to work out her question for yourself.
As you read this article on earthworms(蚯蚓),try to find the questions the author had in her mind when she wrote the article.Sometimes she will write out her questions for you. Sometimes she will leave it to you to work them out.
Earthworms
Do you know how many kinds of earthworms there are?There are about 1800 kinds in the world! They can be brown,purple,red,blue,green.They can be as small as 3 cm long and as large as 3 m long.The garden earthworms we have in Canada are 10 cm to 20 cm long and are a pink brown color.
The best time to see earthworms is at night,especially a cool,damp night.That’s when they come up from their burrows(地洞)to hunt for food.Earthworms don’t like to be in the sun.That’s because they breathe through their skin,and they can’t breathe if their skin gets too dry.So they try to stay down in the earth while the sun is out.You may have noticed that if you happen to dig up an earthworm,it soon burrows back into the earth.Sometimes earthworms don't make them back into the earth.When that happens,you'll see a dead worm all dried up by the sun.Earthworms must come out of the earth if it rains a lot,because they can't breathe in their flooded burrows.What a dangerous life!
Earthworms don't have eyes,so how can they tell when it's dark? They have special places on their skin that are sensitive(敏感的)to light.These spots tell whether it’s light or dark.If you shine a flashlight(闪光信号灯)on an earthworm at night,it will quickly disappear into the ground.But earthworms are blind to red light.That's why people often use red lights when they go hunting worms for fishing bait(鱼饵).
Earthworms don't have ears either,but they can hear by feeling movements in the earth.If you want to hear like an earthworm,lie on the ground with your fingers in your ears.Then have a friend stamp his or her feet near you.This is how earthworms feel birds and people walking,and moles digging,near them.
Some people think that if an earthworm is cut in half,each half will grow back the missing part and there will be two earthworms.This is not quite what happens.If only a small piece of the earthworm’s front is broken off,it can grow a new head.The new front part may be shorter than the old one,but the worm will be healthy and will even have grown a new brain.And an earthworm can lose an even bigger part of its tail and still grow a new one.Do worms feel pain when they are cut up like that?Scientists have found that worms can feel pain,but only for a short time.As soon as they are hurt,their bodies make a pain-killing chemical that helps the pain to go away.Most earthworms only live two or three years,but some may live as long as nine years.
Earthworms are useful.Farmers and gardeners like having lots of earthworms in their land because the worms help to make better soil when they dig.That digging keeps the soil loose and airy(通风的).Loose and airy soil is very important for farmers and gardeners because it helps plants to grow.Plants need the air and water that gets into loose soil.Also,it’s easy for plant roots to grow along the tunnels made by earthworms.In a fertile(肥沃的)field there may be as many as 2.5 million earthworms per hectare(公顷).
The way an earthworm digs tunnels depends on whether the soil is soft or hard.If the soil is soft,the worm can push its way through easily.When a stone gets in the way,the worm just pushes it aside.An earthworm can move a stone that is fifty times its own weight!If the soil is hard,the worm eats its way through.It swallows the earth.It digests the bits of dead plant and other food mixed in the soil.Then the leftover earth passes out of the tail end of the worm in little piles called castings.If you look carefully in fields and gardens,you can see these castings on the surface of the ground.So earthworms turn the soil over and over the way a plough does.In one year earthworms can pile up as much as 23,000 kg of castings in an area about the size of a football field.That's a lot of plough.
Paper and Pencil
Paper was first made in the year A.D.(公元)105.It was made by a man named Ts’ai Lun. He lived in China.
For over 500 years paper was made only in China.People in Japan learned of paper around the year 600.As years went by,people in other places began to make paper.
The lead(铅)pencil is not made of lead.It is made of graphite(石墨).People found graphite in 1564.They thought it was a kind of lead.Today we still call pencils“lead pencils”.The first pencils were made by putting string(线) around sticks of graphite.
The first wooden pencils were made by Kasper Faber.In 1761 he started making pencils in Germany.Kasper Faber was Eberhard Faber’s great-grandfather.In 1861 Eberhard Faber started making pencils in the United States.They were the first pencils made in this country.Erasers like those we use today were first made in 1752. They were made in France by a man named Magellan.A man named Hyman L. Lipman first put erasers on the ends of pencils.And that is how the pencil came to be now.
Working Together
In the early days of the old west in North America, life was difficult. People lived on farms far away from other families. They went to town once a week or one time a month. Then they saw their friends and neighbors. On their farms everyone had lots of work. There were many jobs to do. And there were some big problems. How did one family make a house? How could they build a barn alone? Those were big jobs.
What did families do to build houses? They asked for help. They asked their friends and neighbors. They invited them to a work party for a few days. The women cooked together. They made breakfast, lunch, and dinner. The men worked on the building. For the children it was like a holiday. There were many other children to play with. They enjoyed it very much. Together these people built a house or a barn. At another time the family with the new house would help neighbors. They all helped one another for the good of everyone.
A work party is really cooperation. To cooperate means “to work together.” A big job can be easy. Many people can work together. Then the job is not difficult. It becomes a small job for many workers. Working together can be fun too.
Today there isn't much cooperation. People don't work together very much. Some people don't know their neighbors. How can they ask them for help?
Today, the idea of cooperation is unusual. We often work against cooperation. We often work alone, not with others. We build fences by ourselves.
Today, we wait for emergencies. We wait for accidents to happen. Then we are willing to help. Then we want to help. Then we talk to our neighbors. Then we become true neighbors and friends.
Why don't we always cooperate? Why do we wait for emergencies or accidents? Why don't we work with other people? It can be fun. Life can become easier too.
篇7:初中英语阅读技巧
阅读理解题一般有以下几种形式:1)根据短文内容,判断正、误 2)根据短文内容,选择最佳答案3)根据短文内容,回答问题 4)根据短文内容,填写表格5)根据短文内容,在改写后的短文中填词
阅读理解部分的短文内容非常广泛,有人物传记、政治经济、天文史地、社会文化、科普小品、风土人情、幽默故事及日常生活的各个方面。
试题往往就短文中容易误解和忽略之处灵活地提出问题,所用的句型和词语也往往不同于短文中相应部分的句型和词语。
掌握丰富的词汇及必要的语法知识是提高阅读理解能力的先决条件,而了解文化差异及历史背景常常是十分重要的。
因此,同学们应该对讲英语国家的风土人情及历史发展有一般的常识,同时对科普、科幻、天文、地理等都要有所了解。
你们还必须经常进行大量的各种体裁、各种风格的课外阅读,逐步加快阅读速度,不断增进阅读技巧。
下面向同学们介绍阅读理解的解题步骤和方法:
1.通读全文,掌握大意做阅读理解题一定要学会通过快速阅读,从整体上理解短文的大意及中心思想,领会出题人的意图。
切忌人为地将短文搞得支离破碎,逐词逐句地去感知材料,看一句或几句做一个题目,这样会影响答题的正确率。
但是对于一些长句和难句要作语法分析,以便掌握短文的大意和每个句子的确切含义。
短文的开头和结尾往往是全文内容的概括,对理解、推理都会有很大的帮助。
2.细审题意,获取信息认真审阅文后的理解题。
在审题时要弄清楚试题问的是细节(如人物、时间、地点)还是主题大意;是事实还是观点;是从正面问还是从反面问。
看清试题后,带着问题再回到正文中去寻找有关的句子、段落,获取重要的信息。
然后把所获得的信息点与所给的答案逐一进行认真的比较,以便作出正确的判断。
3.分层推理,正确答题有些理解题可以直接从短文中找到答案。
有些深层次的理解题在短文中找不到直接的信息点,要经过分析推理,从已有的信息链中判断文章的意思,即应以短文中提供的间接信息点为依据,根据作者的意图,凭借你们自己的社会文化知识和生活经验,加进短文中所没有明确表述的却又与主题有联系的思想和信息,进行合乎逻辑的推理,从而确定正确的选项。
篇8:初中英语阅读技巧
阅读理解五级的目标部分描述如下:
1、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义;
2、能理解段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系;
3、能找出文章中的主题,理解故事的情节,预测故事情节的发展和
4、能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料;
5、能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略获取信息;
6、除教材外,课外阅读量应累计达到15万词以上)
所谓阅读能力是指视读能力、理解能力和对所读材料的评价能力
阅读理解考查的项目大多是根据这三种能力的要求设计的。
为了提高阅读理解能力,同学们在做阅读理解时,就要在以下几个方面下功夫
(一)要注意养成良好的阅读心理阅读时要去掉杂念,心绪要安定,精神要专一,要形成一种惬意的顺向心理。
造成大脑皮层的优势兴奋中心。
切不可一遇到几个生词难句,就心烦意乱,失去自控能力。
心理学家告诉我们,任何恐慌,过分紧张的情绪都会形成一种消极因素妨碍大脑的正常思维功能。
因此,遇到困难一定要从容不迫,心无旁骛。
这样才能对所读的文章印象清晰,理解深刻。
(二)要提高视读的速度考阅读理解,从另一个方面来说,考的是考试速度。
中考阅读理解文章每篇均达到400词左右。
慢读是不行的。
因此做阅读理解时,要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。
阅读时眼球总是不断地移动——停顿——移动着。
理解是在“眼停”的瞬间进行的。
我们要使眼停的时间相对增加,就要扩大视读的广度,把逐词逐句的点式阅读变成一次扫描一句的线式阅读,并且把看到的东西迅速报告给大脑,形成眼脑较快的直映能力。
切不可在个别难懂的词句上磨蹭,只要全篇理解了,个别难懂的词句可以根据上下文和构词法去猜测,去推断。
(三)阅读时要注意培养语感所谓语感是指人们对语言中词语搭配及句型结构的熟练程度。
语感好的人,理解力就强,视读的速度就快。
阅读时要留心词语的搭配,即惯用法。
必要时可用笔划一划或记下来。
读完每一篇文章,都应总结归纳一下,积累了多少单词,惯用法和句型,这样语感自然就会好起来。
(四)读完一篇文章后,要回味一番对文章的段落结构,中心思想,人物事件,论点论据要做到心中有数。
对不清楚的地方可以再看几次。
要留心关键词句,注意弦外之音。
对文章的评价分析,一定要坚持“词不离句,句不离篇”,要理解文章作者的原意,而不能按你自己的意愿去想当然。
切记:一想当然,就会出错。
如果文章太长,你可以先把文章后面的问题看一遍,带着问题去看文章。
这样可以帮助你去掉杂念,提高阅读速度和解题的正确性。
要善于找关键句,特别要注意文章的第一段和最后一段的头一句话,往往就是关键句,可以帮助你掌握文章的全貌,理解文章的主题。
此外,还应该细读文章,因为有时的试题是考细节。
可以边读边用铅笔做点标记,把有关的人物,事件,时间,地点,原因(即五个W,who,what,when,where,why)划出来。
凡逢人物就圈起来,看完一数,有几个圈就是几个人,一目了然。
初中英语阅读理解解题技巧点拨【2】
一、细节事实
新课程标准有关阅读最基本的要求是“能从一般性文章中获取和处理主要信息”。
对这种“获取和处理主要信息”能力的考查,主要采用的方式就是细节判断。
这类题在阅读理解题中占据半壁江山,做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。
同时,弄清细节,正确获取信息,也是把握文章主旨的前提。
因此,要特别重视做好这类题。
1、细节事实题题干常见的问句形式
1)True or NOT true 是非判断类型:
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage? Which of the following statements is NOT true? Which of the following is NOT considered as……? According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the reasons for……?
2)特殊疑问词提问类型:
How many……?What/who/when/where/how/why……?
3)排序题类型:
Which of the orders is correct according to the passage?
4)例证题类型:
The author gives the example in……paragraph in order to ……
5)表唯一细节概念题类型:
……the most / ~est …………the only ……
2、细节事实题的解题方法
做这类题的一般方法是先要找出题干或是选项中的关键字,一般为数字、大写或人名地名,再快速确定该细节在文中的出处(信息源),仔细对照题干要求,排除或选择。
命题者在出这类题时惯用“偷梁换柱、张冠李戴”的手法来迷惑考生,即对原句细微处做改动,截取原文词语或结构进行改造,因果倒置,把A的观点说成B的观点等。
所以正确理解题干和信息句的意义是关键。
细节事实题还要十分注意句子的非主干成分,如定语、状语、补语等,这些成分都是出题者常进行误导的落脚点。
是非判断一般都遵循对照选项进行“三对一错或三错一对”的判断。
若该信息句是长句或难句,要学会找出其主干部分,分析句子结构,正确理解信息句的意义。
一定要注意的是,要所答是所问,不要受到惯势思维的影响,习惯性地去选择正确的细节事实,切记要弄清问题,不要所答非所问。
1)例证题一定要注意以for example……,such as……等关键入手处,找出细节出处。
2)排序题要先仔细观察选项,找出首尾相同的选项分组,进而通过具体细节信息比较进行排除和选择。
3)唯一细节题一定要仔细审题,弄清题干所需。
特别需要提醒的是,选项中出现有有most (最高级)、the only(唯一)、all(所有)、none(全否)修饰的细节,都具有绝对性,选择判断时要慎选。
二、主旨大意
此类题型用以考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。
其中一类题型为主旨问题。
1、主旨大意题题干常见的问句形式
1)主旨句设问类型:
What is the main idea of this passage?What does the passage maily talk about?We can conclude / learn from the passage that ……
2)最佳标题选择类型:
The best title for this passage is ……
3)作者主旨意图类型:
What does the writer want to tell us?Which can express the purpose of the writer according to the passage?
2、主旨大意题的解题方法
主旨大意题一定要注意文章的首尾两段。
如果首尾两段的主旨表达是一致的,那么文章的主旨便是两段重复表明的`语句内容表达。
找出选项中与归纳的主旨表达重复最多的选项即为最佳答案。
如果首尾两段的主旨表达不一致,则需要观察文章的段落篇幅量是倾向于首段或是尾段,从而确定主旨段落。
在此过程中,观察篇幅量只需跳读文章段落的首句尾句即可,无需细读段落内容,以节省时间。
如果文章只有一段,则注意文章的首两句及尾句,然后用以上的方法确定主旨句。
此外,标题选择即为主旨句的压缩表达,注意抓住主旨句进行主要词汇的提炼,把一个句子提炼为几个关键词,即是对主旨大意进行概括归纳的标题。
而作者意图表达必须通过归纳中心主题才能找到,通常体现为advise,convince,present,propose,warn等。
三、推理判断
此类题的关键是要注意原文出现的语句不是我们做出的推理判断,而是原文给出的细节信息,所以原文语句不能选。
判断时对已知的事实仔细评价后做出的合理决定并非唯一决定,要对事实进行合乎情理的判断,有时还需借助常识进行判断。
推理判断题分两种,即对细节的推理和对主旨的推理。
主要以We can infer / imply / learn from this passage that ……等进行提问。
解决此类题要注意,一是与原文相同的细节不能选,二是文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断。
解题过程中只要注意上述两点,再结合做细节和主旨的方法,即可以做出推理判断题。
四、词义猜测题
词义猜测是利用上下文语境对某些生词、难句做出推测和判断。
该题旨在考查学生根据上下文推断词汇的能力,因而,所考单词的意义通常超出大纲范围。
常见形式有:
1)The word / phrase…… means / refers to……
2)From the passage,we can infer the word…… is closest in meaning to……
3)What does the word…… in paragraph……mean?
要做好此类题,要注意四点。
第一,要熟练掌握大纲单词,平时注意积累生词和短语。
第二,要把词放到句子里,把句子放在句群里。
第三,注意词、句的位置,确定结构关系。
第四,要善于利用连词、代词及词性、同义词法、反义词法等进行判断选择。
其实,英语阅读题最重要的还是要多练习,只有多练习,才能把握其中的技巧和语感,这样答题的正确率才会不断提高。
篇9:初中英语阅读反思
英语教学作为一门语言的教学,其主要是培养学生的言语技能,即运用语言的能力,因此其课堂教学具有不同于其他课程课堂教学的特点。我通过对新课标的学习,根据中学教材的内容编排突出了对这种能力的培养,采取了指导性的学案模式,强调师生之间、学生之间的双向运用。让英语教学走出课堂,走向社会。
英语课程标准把阅读技能目标描述为:朗读各种文体、英文诗词、报刊杂志、原著及各种商品说明书等非专业技术性资料并理解大意,找出或获取中心意思、作者意图、观点和态度的相关信息。根据情景、上下文、构词法、句子结构猜测生词或词组的意思,分析句子结构、理解句子,理顺事件发生顺序、人物行为,预测事件情节发展和可能的结局,进而培养良好的阅读习惯、阅读策略,形成阅读兴趣,最终提高阅读能力。以下是我在学习和教学实践中为了提高学生参与的积极性,激发他们阅读的兴趣而形成的一些浅显认识。
一、引导学生,激发英语阅读乐趣
1.从课本入手,开展整体教学。阅读能力依赖于综合训练。听说读写扎实,学生语言结构意识强,基本词汇掌握牢固是阅读能力提高的先决条件,为此有效地提高课本材料的阅读是重中之重。教师要充分利用现有的材料对学生进行听、说、读、写的训练,特别是让学生进行有目的的阅读实践,使其掌握基本的技能和技巧,提高他们的阅读能力。同时,教师应该改变传统的对课文逐句翻译——深入讲
解——全面练习语言点的做法,把整体阅读教学的理论运用到课堂教学中。
课文的整体阅读教学是把课文当作一个整体让学生感知,要求先把学生的注意力引导到整体内容上,启发学生学习兴趣,创造传授知识和语言技能训练的语言环境,吸引学生进入交际角色,使课文教学作为教师、学生互相作用的积极过程。在学生对课文进行整体感知的基础上,运用各种方法加强学生对课文内容、基础知识、基本语法、听说读写综合训练,从根本上提高学生的阅读能力以及综合语言运用能力。下面是有关阅读教学的几个步骤:
(1)阅读前,教师先教一些较难的单词、词组或有碍课文意思的单词、词组(留一部分生词让学生在阅读中猜测),而后介绍一些跟阅读内容相关的背景知识,然后根据文章标题、插图或利用简笔画等引导学生预测文章内容。这样,学生对这篇文章的大意及词组的运用就有了初步的印象。
(2)阅读时,以细节阅读为核心,合理分析课文的性质和结构特征,采取不同的阅读方法,提高学生获取和处理信息的能力,从而全方位地提高学生的阅读能力。教师可先提出几个指导性问题,播放录音,让学生听完整篇文章,回答老师设计的问题。学生听读后,对文章的内容有了进一步了解,然后要求学生默读,解决教师精心设计的T/F判断题或问答题。教师在设计问题时应注意先易后难,先理解后拓展,先浅后深,兼顾差生和优生的原则。通过听读而后默读,解决问题,学生对文章的大致内容、整体结构已有了大致了解,已经
第2 / 3页
能把握文章的中心和重点。
(3)阅读后,学生把握了文章的中心思想,接下来应就课文内容进行讲解和精练。教师提出文章中较难理解的语言点,由学生思考、讨论,然后解读,也可以让学生提出预习时或阅读后不解的问题,师生共同讨论解决。这一环节要充分发挥教师的指导作用,做到精讲精练,增加课堂容量,提高课堂效率。之后教师可让学生复述课文,做一些语言知识点练习,或围绕课文内容开展各种形式的笔头练习,进而巩固加深学生对课文内容及语法知识的理解。
篇10:初中英语阅读反思
从八年级下册开始,英语教材中,每单元都增加了一篇课外阅读文章。文章内容较多,生词也不少。既要花不少时间,学生掌握起来又困难。在进行英语教学工作时,这一直都是令人头痛的问题。最近,听了叶玢瑾老师的一堂课,我受益良多。
一、精心设计教学环节,激发学生的学习动力
公开课设计过度常常会变成一场秀。但叶老师在处理各个环节时,从学生角度出发,脚踏实地地开展教学活动。如,一开始导入部分,直接呈现生词,与学生一起复习已预习过的生词,强调并举例说明部分词汇的用法与意义。引出break——break the rules of etiquette. 展现有关违反礼仪的一些行为,导出这单元重点语句:Would you mind doing sth.?Would you mind not doing sth.?学生参与谈论如何更加委婉地提出请求。进而导入课文,从before reading,reading strategies, after reading到情景交际中的操练,最后落实到学生的写作中,各个步骤环环相扣,由浅入深。
二、学法指导贯穿始终
在整节阅读课中,教师围绕三个阅读技巧,让学生按各个要求逐步完成阅读任务。如:
(1)Look at the title and picture , predict what we’ll read about.读标题,预测文章内容,完成选择题。(2)Read the first sentence, tell the statements “T”or “F”.读每段落的第一句,做出判断。(3)Topic sentence.阅读各段落,找出中心句。在学生回答各题时,叶老师不仅仅是让学生说出答案,而且要求指出原因。这样,借学生的嘴,不仅可以让学生自己做出判断,而且让其他同学也了解了解题思路,进而培养了学生的阅读学习技巧,养成良好的学习习惯,并为下一步的练习,埋好铺垫。但是有几个问题,课后我也一直在思考,如下所出,与大家共勉。
1.一节课堂教学是否要做到面面俱到?像本节课内容容量较多,形式多样,节奏较快,主要活动形式就是师生齐答。总起来显得整堂课很匆忙。
2.在Practice部分,学生针对不同的情境进行具体的解决问题时,能否将活动形式改变成小组活动呢?让每组学生选择一个不同的场景,讨论并解决问题,然后,通过report报告各组谈论的解决方案。最后要求每位学生选择一个别组的情境方案,落实到写作上。
篇11:初中英语阅读反思
一、初中英语阅读教学低效问题的成因
英语阅读教学在复现巩固旧词、学习新词、扩大词汇量、激发学习兴趣、提高阅读速度和阅读理解能力等方面起着不可低估的作用。仁爱英语从八年级下册开始,每个单元不仅有100—150词的短文,而且出现了300词以上的长篇阅读文章,使阅读教学任务更加艰巨。可是实施下来,阅读教学使教师教得忙碌,学生学得仓促,效果不甚理想。经过调查,反思目前初中英语阅读教学的低效问题.发现有下面几个原因:
1.词汇教学无新意。词汇教学是阅读教学的开端,词汇犹如建造房屋的砖头,是理解文章的基础。词汇又依托于语篇.产生特定的语境意义.有时对一个词或一个短语的理解有误,就会导致对一个段落甚至整篇文章的偏离。在日常教学中,面对Reading材料中20个左右的词汇量,教师主要是依照课后的词汇表进行教学:录音带读—— 教师讲解— — 学生读背—— 单词听写。词汇课教师要求学生细嚼词汇含义,往往成了学生枯涩的笔记课。这样教师花时多,而学生虽看似掌握了大量的单词,了解了单词的含义和用法,可一旦让学生运用所学单词造句,总是不知所措;更有甚者将这些单词放人语篇时,成了茫然的读者。偷偷翻查词汇表,对 篇章理解的速度和质量产生了障碍。
2.课堂教学轻互动。阅读是学生的个性化行为,不应以教师的分析来代替学生的阅读实践。应让学生在主动积极的思维和情感活动中,加深理解和体验,有所感悟和思考,受到情感熏陶,获得思想启迪,享受审美乐趣。要珍视学生独特的感受、体验和理解。可我们的阅读课堂常常“以本为本”,教师引出主题后,就注重课文讲解,带领学生略读并找出文章大意,教师自始至终占居主体地位,学生只是在教师的牵动下思考并回答问题,成了被灌输知识的容器,这种单一的师生互动,遏制了学生的思维和创造力,学生处于极其被动的阅读状态。有的教师在阅读课上过多依赖多媒体或电化教学手段。借助多媒体课件讲解课文固然更加直观,便于学生理解,也会引起学生兴趣,活跃课堂气氛。然而,课堂实践表明:学生如同观看电视一般听课,只关注画面,而忽视语言学习,忘了学习的主题,同样扼杀了学生的学习主动性和创造性,阅读课演变成了欣赏幻灯片的“课件”课,华而不实。
3.课堂教学少文化。阅读是一个人的语言知识、文化背景知识以及其它专业知识共同起作用的过程,阅读的目的是获取信息,他体现了读者与作者之间的双向的思想交流。从深层面讲.阅读教学上除了要求学生努力掌握文本的词汇意义、句法和语法意义外,还需要了解背景文化意义.因为文化因素是影响阅读理解的重要因素,直接影响着中国学生对英语文章的理解。长期以来,教师在阅读教学上聚焦于语言形式,忽视文化背景知识的渗透,妨碍了学生对英语文章的理
解。阅读材料中有涉及到欧美国家的节13、饮食、礼节以及篮球赛的起源等知识,学生可以通过文章的表层含义了解中外文化风俗的差异,但如果教师不能给予适宜的文化背景介绍,就不能使学生更深层地了解西方文化.学习兴趣就会下降.也失去了丰富知识的机会。
4.课外阅读欠重视。在阅读教学中,教师除了要合理有效地使用教科书外,还要善于利用其他阅读资料,要选择提供给学生难度适中的课外读物加以补充,指导学生课外自主阅读,培养学生自主阅读英语习惯,用“课内课外结合阅读”来提高学生英语综合运用能力。实际教学中教师偏重对教材单元内的阅读文章的教学,轻视阅读材料的补充教学。为应付作业和考试,教师最关心学生阅读理解上的正确率,平时阅读理解的训练围绕模拟练习。但是这种只以完成练习题为目的的阅读训练,不利于学生的长远发展。
二、提高初中英语阅读教学有效性的策略
要提高初中英语阅读教学的有效性低,教师要改变观念,以教师为主导,学生为主体,加强对学生阅读的基本技能的训练指导。创新阅读教学的手段,丰富阅读教学的内容,提高阅读教学的实效。
1.有的放矢,巧学生词。影响阅读速度的最大障碍莫过于生词,阅读是一条流淌的河流,生词便是那河中阻挡它前进的顽石、沟坎。针对阅读课的词汇量既大又难的情况,教师在时间上要设计课前预习、课中理解、阅读中巩固等任务;内容上在教授语音、词性和生词含义的基础上,让学生在有意义的语境中学习生词,再创造机会让学生多听、多读词汇,使学生在有限的时间里能自如地运用词汇。首先,创设情境,记忆词汇。在课堂上创设教学情境,模拟生活,能使课堂教学更接近现实生活,使学生如身临其境.拨动心弦。加强感知,充分调动学习积极性和主动性。以仁爱八年级上Unit2 Keeping Health为例,教师在前置性作业中布置任务:自学这单元阅读文章的单词的语音,会读后,根据自身自学理解,设计词汇表上的生词或短语表示的动作和表情,在课上表演,让同学猜测。cough、fever、toothache、the flu、sore eyes、backache、stomachache等词汇在课堂上通过学生们的表演和猜测建立了语言机构,学生饶有兴趣地学习、理解并记忆,同时也引出文章的主题。其次,根据语境,感悟生词。要将所学的词汇内化,教师可先通过对话或造句形式检测,再让学生做选词填空的练习,以达到最佳词汇学习语境化。学生独立完成练习后,教师可叫中等水平的学生朗读短文,检测学生的生词掌握情况.鼓励学生脱离课本大胆地完成,用心记忆和感悟生词的含义。
2.以生为本,多维互动。“以生为本”的互动阅读是指以学生为中心,采用师本、生本、师生、生生、的多维互动方式处理文本,使学生在互动中理解文章,享受阅读,训练思维,使阅读课堂活力四射。一是师本互动,理出目标。课前教师要仔细阅读文本,根据教材和学情确定合理的教学目标,既要关注语言、能力和学习策略的培养,又要考虑学生的阅读水平,使学生能学以致用。教学之前,教师应仔细研读文本,分析教材和学生情况,设计出由易到难的有效提问和有效的教学活动,以加深学生对文本的理解,促进阅读课堂的有效性。二是生本互动,读出真谛。读是文本信息输入的主要形式。课堂上教师一定要安排足够的时间让学生读。通过不同形式的读,学生多次与文本互动,从不同层面上理解了文本。通过略读了解了段落大意和主旨;通过精读查找细节;通过回读猜测生词和理解难句的含义;通过朗读欣赏佳句;通过默读思考提出问题,最后学生能通过获取文本信息、处理信息,分析问题和解决问题,有效地完成教师设计的活动,达到充分理解 篇章含义的多元教学目的。三是生生互动,体验合作。当学生输入
第2 / 3页
了足够语言知识和文本信息后,就能回答教师设计的有效问题、完成教师设计的有效活动。如果教师再引入竞争机制,展开各种小组竞赛,更能调动学生参与阅读活动的积极性。生生互动不仅烘托了阅读课堂的学习气氛,而且培养了学生的团队合作精神。可以让学生根据文章编制对话、分角色表演文本片段、采访同伴汇报结果、共同完成填表任务等等,让学生通过操练达到熟练掌握并能运用的程度,教师在学生互动中应充当好公正的裁判角色,在评价中指导学生正确的阅读技能。
3.渗透文化,提升理解。阅读理解是一个复杂的工程,除了语言与思维的相互作用,还包含许多非语言因素,其中文化背景知识对阅读的影响最大。英语日常用语、成语典故、民间谚语、专有名词等等,都体现出大量的文化背景知识。如,a piece of cake并非是一片蛋糕的意思,而是形容事情不难,容易做,翻译为“小菜一碟”;Every dog has his day(凡人皆有得意日),意思是说每个人都能有他做得好的机会。教师在教学中要有意识地渗透这些语言知识,以免造成笑话和误会。教师备课时,不仅要确定语言技能目标、语言知识目标和情感态度目标,还要确定文化意识目标,除了参考《教师教学用书》外,还需阅读各种形式的外国文学作品、欣赏精彩的外文电影和外文歌曲、查阅各种资料了解英语国家文化和社会风俗习惯,提高自身的文化素养。在阅读教学中渗透文化背景知识,不仅能帮助学生获得对文章深层含义的理解,增强学生学习兴趣,增加课堂有效性,而且有助于学生扩大视野、提高领悟英语和运用英语的能力,加深对本民族的理解,增强世界意识。
4.课外补充,丰富阅读。新《课程标准》明确提出:英语课程要力求合理利用和积极开发课程资源,给学生提供贴近生活、贴近时代的内容;培养学生利用图书馆、互联网、报纸、广播或电视等多种渠道、资源查找所需信息的能力。_l教师不仅要重视教材单元内的阅读文章的教学,还要重视课外阅读材料的补充,丰富教学的内容和方式,让学生充实知识、把握时代脉搏。没有大量的阅读输入,就不可能有良好的运用性输出,更谈不上创新运用了。大量的阅读可帮助学生扩大词汇量,巩固语言知识。阅读是一种技能,虽然可通过培训学习一些技巧,但要真正掌握技能,最终要通过大量的课外阅读来完成。在训练学生的阅读理解题型上,教师可采用Choice与回答问题相结合的办法,当学生做出选择后,多问一句:“why? Please give us the reasons.”以训练学生对于上下文的理解,形成 篇章概念,而不只是将阅读重点放在词汇和单句上,这可减低学生猜测答案的几率,提高准确率。[41同时从低段年级开始进行限时训练,配以阅读法指导,当学生感悟到阅读的快乐时,阅读教学的有效性就会真正体现出来。
三、结束语
初中英语阅读教学,在新《课程标准》的引领下,教师要充分意识到那些阻碍阅读教学有效性的因素,解放思想,大胆探索,激发阅读课堂活力,增强学生阅读兴趣,培养学生语感,训练学生思维,发展阅读策略,提升人文修养,使学生变“阅读”为“悦读”,达到语言学习和人生成长双体验的效果。
篇12:关于阅读的初中英语作文
We may obtain knowledge by reading. The more books we read, the more we accumulate the knowledge. Is it right? I don’t think so. It’s not wide reading but useful reading that leads to excellence. And only good books can benefit us.
So choosing books is very important for reading. Many students spend a lot of time reading legends and swordsman novels. It’s a waste of time. Some students even read some bad books and it is harmful for them.
So be as careful of the books we read, as of the company we keep, for our habit and character will be as much influenced by the former as by the latter
篇13:初中英语作文:好文阅读
The right one is the best合适的才是最好的
The right one is the best. Many times, people can only see other people's happiness, but not think that other people's happiness may be their own grave. The world is colorful, everyone has their own life, they have their own happiness, why envy others? You should enjoy your life and be happy. You can't get everything, and you can't be anything for you. Therefore, you must learn to give up, to abandon the unreal idea, to abandon foolish actions, to learn to be satisfied, to better control happiness, to enjoy happiness.
合适的才是最好的。许多时候,人们只能看到别人的幸福,却想不到别人的幸福也许正是自己的坟墓。这个世界多姿多彩,每个人都有自己的生活,有自己的幸福,为什么要羡慕别人?应该享受自己的生活,才能变得快乐。你不可能得到一切,也不可能什么都适合你。因此,你要学会放弃,放弃不真实的想法,放弃愚蠢的行动,学会知足,才能更好地把握快乐,享受幸福。
Friendship Helps Me Grow Up友谊帮助我成长
I have a good friend, her name is Li Hua. We know each other two year ago, and she is my classmate. As we sit in the same desk, we become friends soon. Li Hua is a good girl, and she is kind and helpful. She helps me solve all kinds of problems. I love her so much. Thanks to her, I have grown up.
我有一个好朋友,她的名字叫李华,我们认识已经有两年了,她是我的同学。由于我们坐在同一张桌子,我们很快就成为了朋友。李华是一个很好的女孩,她很和善,喜欢帮助别人,她帮助我解决各种各样的问题,我很爱她。多亏了她,我已经长大了。
A Special Day一个特殊的日子
Today was my father's birthday, which was such a big day for me, so I wanted to give him a surprise. My father always gave me what I wanted, because he was busy and tried to do something for me. Actually, he was a great father for me. I told my mother that I wanted to make a dish for my father and she was very happy to teach me. So when I went home after school, I rushed to the kitchen and prepared for the food. With my mother's help, I was very confident. When my father went home, he was very happy and praised me a lot. He said this was the biggest present.
今天是我父亲的生日,这对我来说是个大日子,我想给他一个惊喜。我的父亲总是把我想要的东西都给我。他很忙,所以总想为我做些事情。实际上,对我来说他就是一个伟大的父亲。我告诉妈妈,我想为我的父亲做一桌菜,她很高兴的说要教我。所以当我放学后回到家后,我就冲到厨房,准备食物。在我妈妈的帮助下,我很有信心能做出一桌好菜。当父亲回到家时,他非常高兴,表扬了我。他说,这是最棒的礼物。
A Great Holiday一个美好的假期
I have a great holiday in the last three days. When I go to school, my greatest wish is getting up late. But every morning, I am woken up by my mother. In holiday, my wish comes true. In this holiday, my parents took me to the zoo and we had a big dinner outside. The dishes were very delicious. Besides, there was no homework these days, so I could play with my friends and didn’t have to worry about the unfinished homework. For me, the best holiday is having a good rest and having fun. I got both in this holiday, so it is a great holiday.
参考译文
在过去的三天里,我度过了一个美好的假期。上学的时候,我最大的愿望就是睡懒觉,但是每天早晨我都被妈妈叫醒。假期里,我的愿望就能实现。我的爸爸妈妈带我去了动物园玩玩,还在外面吃了一顿大餐,那些菜都很可口。另外,这几天也没有作业,所以我能安心地和朋友们玩,而不用担心还有没完成的作业。对我来说,最好的假期就是休息玩乐,这个假期这两样我都有了,所以这是一个美好的假期。
篇14:阅读的初中英语作文
The reader is reading from the literature (recorded knowledge of the carrier) to obtain and use information and knowledge of social practice, the process of physiological and psychological processes. Reading is a basic human access to knowledge and means an important way, as is the text of which have begun, is a text record of human understanding of natural and social practice experience as a symbol, a symbol that they start to have all kinds of literature, , And will have to read the information on the documents. With the social development so far, with the emergence of computer technology, digital and network technology popularization and development of electronic audio book market, expanding the carrier carrying information resources has changed, people's reading habits and books published by the Also means increasing occurrence. According to the Fourth National Survey of the National Reading: Chinese on-line reading from l999-year rate of 3.7 percent to 27.8 percent in , the average annual growth rate of 107%. Experts point out that digital technology and the development of the Internet has changed the Chinese people's reading habits. The author believes that such a major impact in the following aspects.
A digital network for the promotion of reading
Access to information resources more convenient and efficient. Computer technology has brought about in areas such as storage and retrieval facilities, so that the carrier of information resources in the form of great changes have taken place, most of the information resources have been digitized, from paper to electronic resources, changes in resources, making many In looking for information resources and access to really become faster and more convenient. With the emergence of the network, the Earth is reduced to a “village”, the distance is no longer an obstacle to the dissemination of information, access to a more simple and quick. In addition, the network is also promoting the digital information resources to enhance the process, more and more digital information resources, networking, in order to more convenient and efficient access to needed resources, the emergence of Baidu, Google, Sohu, and other search engines, which Greatly changed the way people access information model, greatly improved people's reading needs
篇15:阅读的初中英语作文
Reading “The Emperor's New Clothes”, I had to let out a burst of laughter over his fool. “The Little Match Girl”couldn't keep me from crying for her misery. “ Robinson Crusoe” took me into a strange world full of danger. And I was also deeply impressed by Helen Keller's patience and perseverance… Besides these, books also tell me other thing -how to be a man and how to tell the difference between right and wrong. In a word, good books can make me know what I didn't before. So I think of a good book as my best friend.
I'll never forget this famous saying,“ Good books are best friends who never turn their backs upon us.
篇16:阅读的初中英语作文
As the development of the world, there is more and more entertainment for people to kill time. Reading used to be an important amusement. But now there are less and less people fond of reading. But there are still a large number of people stand on the side of reading. For me, I think reading is very important. The reasons are as following.
随着世界的发展,越来越多娱乐供人们消磨时光。阅读在过去常常就是一种重要的娱乐。但现在却越来越少人喜欢阅读了。但仍然还有很多人是喜欢看书的。对我来说,我认为阅读是很重要的。理由如下。
First of all, reading can broaden our vision. The main way we learn the things happen long time ago is according to the book. People will try their best to write the things in their stage in their way. When we read books, we have the opportunity to learn everything. The content in the books contains the knowledge all over the world and every aspect. We can read the knowledge about biography, science, technology, culture, economic and so on from the book. It is hard not to broaden vision from reading.
首先,阅读可以开阔我们的视野。我们了解很久以前发生的事情的主要方式是通过阅读。人们用他们自己的方式尽自己最大的努力写关于他们那个年代的事情。我们看书的时候,我们才有机会了解到一切。书中的内容包含知识的方方面面。通过书籍我们可以了解到关于传记,科学,技术,文化,经济等方面的知识。从阅读中,我们的视野很难不被拓宽。
Secondly, reading can cultivate our taste. I am sure that reading some elegant sentence or the beautiful things described in the book will make us feel relax and comfortable. And we all know that the more knowledge a person has, the better-behaved he will be. I think this is the charming of reading. If there are more people like reading, the world will become more civilized.
其次,阅读可以陶冶我们的'情操。我相信阅读一些优美的句子或者书中描述的美丽东西会使我们感到放松和舒适。我们都知道一个人拥有的知识越多,那个人就会表现得越好。我觉得这就是阅读的魅力。如果有更多的人喜欢阅读,这个世界会变得更加文明。
The importance mentioned above just a part of reading. It has so many advantages that I can’t list all in a short time. It is irreplaceable in human beings’ life.
上面所提到的重要性只是其中一部分。阅读有很多的优点,在短时间内我都不能一一列举我不能列举。它在人类的生活中是不可替代的。
篇17:初中英语作文:阅读的好处
初中英语作文:阅读的好处
I think reading is important in the whole life for people. There are many benefits of reading. Firstly, reading increases our knowledge and we can learn the world affairs without going out. Secondly, reading is a good way to improve reading and writing skills. Before you learn to write, you must know how others write. Thirdly, reading can broaden our knowledge and horizon, which is important to job hunting in the future. Finally, reading helps us become self-cultivation that would be beneficial to our whole life. Therefore, start to reading, no matter how old you are and what you are doing. Then, you may find the great charm and benefits of reading.
【参考译文】
我认为阅读是重要的在整个生命的人。阅读的好处有很多。首先,阅读增加我们的知识,我们可以学习世界事务,没有出去。其次,阅读是一个很好的方法来提高阅读和写作能力。你学会写之前,您必须知道别人怎么写。第三,阅读可以拓宽我们的知识,开拓自己的眼界,这对将来找工作很重要。最后,阅读可以帮助我们成为修养,将有利于我们的整个生活。因此,开始阅读,无论你多大了,你在做什么作文。然后,你会发现伟大的魅力和阅读的好处。
篇18:初中英语作文:阅读造就你我
As we know ,Books can tell us a reason ,Reading in the summer, enthusiasm, no one would deny that summer hot and passion, read you, will you read a passionate summer. Book is not only knowledge of treasure, but our mentor, it can teach us how to composition and how to do it. In the us alone, it like a great friend as comfort you. A difficulty, it will give us the answers, Encounter difficulties, it will help us and give us strength. Reading water, is the source of life, Reading flower, life is the emotions, Reading is a kind of comprehension, reading is soil, is cultivated flowers resources.
书可以告诉我们道理,书不仅是知识的宝库,而且是我们的良师益友,它能教我们怎样作文,怎样做 人。在我们孤单时,它像大朋友一样安慰你。有疑难时,它会给我们解答;遇到困难 时,它会帮助我们,给我们力量。读书,在绚烂的春天。没有人会否认春天的温暖和浪漫。读你,就像读一个五彩的春天。读书如水,是生命的源泉;读书如花,是生命的情怀;读书是一种感悟,读书是土,是栽培花朵的资源。
篇19:初中英语阅读理解论文
初中英语阅读理解论文
导练结合,培养学生的英语阅读理解能力文/王亚杰
摘 要:《义务教育英语课程标准》指出:“按照语言学习规律,学生必须吸收相当数量的语言材料和经过一定量的语言实践,才能获得交际运用英语的能力。”由此可以看出,一定的语言交际能力不单纯是对语言知识的积累和使用,它还包括对所学语言知识的文化背景和社会知识的全面了解和掌握。随着素质教育的全面展开,我们应该看到,初中英语教学的目标,不是将每个学生培养成英语语言专家,而是使学生具备运用英语这一语言工具的能力。
关键词:英语阅读;理解能力;素质教育
我们的学生是在没有外界交际环境下学习英语的,并且是从零开始的。它不同于母语的学习,既有较好的外界交流环境,又有听、说等基本技能为基础。从学生的学习来看,阅读是他们接触外语信息参加外语实践的主要途径。所以提高英语阅读教学质量,加强学生阅读能力的培养就成为英语教学中的重中之重。为此,我认为导练式阅读教学法是一种值得一试的`好方法。
导练式阅读教学法是一种以指导学法为主要手段,以导练结合实际为主要形式,以培养学生诸多能力为目标,以激发学生兴趣为突破口的教学方法。
一、整体阅读,了解语言材料及背景信息
课文阅读教学应首先把文章的思想内容和 篇章结构放在首位,注意语言信息的整体输入,从训练学生的阅读技能、技巧入手,着重培养其快速摄取有用语言信息,整体把握文章的层次结构及其内在的联系,准确领会其深层涵义等诸项能力。
在指导阅读课上,教师的任务主要是根据课文的信息内容,创造性地设计并指导学生完成不同层次的整体阅读任务及系列练习。
初读――听、读全文,要求理解课文表层大意;再读――默读全文,抓住较为具体的信息资料,中层理解;复读――逐段朗读,较为深入地理解、把握文章的 篇章结构及其内在联系,找出主题句,对课文的内容提要进行简单的评价。
二、交际串讲
所谓交际式串讲,当然不同于传统的串讲,由教师一言堂的、母语化的课文讲解,它要求在教师的指导下,师生共同“串讲”。在串讲课上,尽量做到以“练”为主线,或讲练结合,精讲多练;或以练代讲,寓讲于练。
第一层次:课文内容的串讲及词汇教学;第二层次:情节、结构的串讲及句法分析;第三层次:语言点的串讲及语法讲练。
三、综合性操练,培养交际运用语言的能力
综合性操练,即是对前两个层次的总结和复习,又是对课文的进一步深化。强化练习的主要目的在于帮助学生强化记忆,复习、巩固已学的语言知识,使之系统化,并有意识地进行朗读背诵、默写、听写等基本功方面的训练。
总之,导练式课文阅读教学,强调以课文为中心,以学生为主体,以自学为先导,突出阅读理解训练和综合训练,它将课文的理解层次化,知识的习得系统化,技能的训练综合化,并融三者为一体。指导过程中,教师的主导作用由对教材内容的加工转化为指导学生活动,处理教材灵活,指导形式多样,教学手段不断变化,课堂效率明显提高。教学实践证明,学生阅读理解能力,综合运用英语的能力,以及对英语的感知力、记忆力、观察力与思维能力都有较大程度的提高。
参考文献:
陶庆,秦娜。让口语交际课堂成为学生练习说话的天堂[J]。新课程:教师版,(12)。
(作者单位 内蒙古自治区根河市满归中学)
篇20:初中英语阅读理解解题技巧
阅读理解是对整个文章的目的、意图、观点、立场、态度以及内在的逻辑关系的理解,而不是断章取义的一孔之见,所以统览全篇和问题是很有必要的,这些问题会给你提供信息或暗示文章中的一些重要细节。
在统览全篇的同时要注意要点的摘录,因为一些显性的答案是可以从要点中直接回答,而隐性的答案则是要通过对全篇的理解才能得出。摘录要点亦有利于检查时节省时间。
篇21:初中英语阅读理解解题技巧
长句是初中生阅读理解的难点之一,长句中通常包含并列、复合、倒装等结构,对于这类句子要分清主次,先找出句子的主、谓、宾、定、状、补,再找出修饰它的从句或短语等。
如,Parents whose children show a special interest in a particularsport have a difficult decision to make about their children's career.
先找出本句的主、谓、宾为Parents have a decision.
再找出修饰语Whose children show a special interest in a particular sport为Parents的定语从句,difficult修饰decision,to make about their children's careers为不定式做decision的定语。
经过分析,化整为零,化繁为简,此句就不难理解了。
篇22:初中英语阅读理解解题技巧
如根据化学知识,可以理解科普读物Water is made from oxygen and hydrogen;根据生活经验可以理解Green plants let out oxygen and breathe in carbon dioxide.
还有一种方法是根据逻辑推理理解短文。逻辑推理实际上就是文章的“弦外之音”、“言下之意”。如一道中考模拟卷阅读问题, Then they came to the second picture. The assistant was going to draw the cloth as he did before. As soon as he touched the cloth, he cried, “Wonderful It's the best picture I have ever seen!” 据此可以推断出第二张画画的是一块布。
篇23:初中英语阅读理解解题技巧
初中英语教学基本要求规定,学生能根据上下文推测词义,并能不借助词典读懂含有3%生词的语言材料,换言之,这就是促使学生的知识内化的过程,学生要通过知识内化将内隐的心理活动转换为外显的行为,可以借助以下的几种方法完成内化过程:
(1)根据上下文猜测词意。
(2)根据构词法猜测词意。
前缀un-表反义词,如happy、unhappy;fair、unfair;important、unimportant等。
后缀- ment表名词,如develop、development;state、statement;argue、argument等。
后缀-er、-or或-ist表同源名词,如calculate、calculator;visit、visitor;law、lawyer;wait、waiter;science、scientist;art、artist等。
篇24:初中英语阅读理解解题技巧
记叙文阅读主要抓四大要素,即时间、地点、人物和事件的起因、发展和结果,以及人物之间的关系、表现,从中分析他们思想品质、性格特征等;
议论文是阐明作者对人或事的好坏的立场观点,因此在阅读时必须正确把握文章的论点和论据,理清论证思路,再进行逻辑推理得出结论;
应用文是最贴近日常生活的文体,它包括通知、广告、便条、申请书、个人简历,形式多样,题材各异,如图示、表格、地址、网址等,对这类文体的阅读应简明扼要地抓住所需信息,理解文章内容。
篇25:初中英语阅读满分秘诀
一、重
“重”——“重文本”。读懂文章最重要。
文本是题源所在,如果将考生比作勘探人员,那么文本就是他们的勘探场所。撰题者正是通过对文章的深入剖析,才将一个个地宝藏埋藏其中,让考生去发掘。所以读懂文本不仅是正确解题的第一步,也是最关键的一步。
1、阅读的不良习惯
要养成良好的阅读习惯,首先要克服阅读的不良习惯。下面我列举了一些常见的阅读不良习惯,对号入座,看你有否。
心译:读一句心译一句,句句必须借助汉语译文方能理解;
指读:阅读时总是用指头或笔尖等指着句子,边移边读;
逐字逐句:一字一句,字字重视,句句关心,生怕漏掉一个单词,眉毛胡子一把抓;
见生即查:阅读时欲将生词各个击破,完全扫清阅读障碍,认为只要没有生词,便可洞悉文章;
出声:阅读时发出声音,全篇诵读,字字句句,丝毫不拉;
唇读:阅读时虽没有发出声音,但唇随句变,词带舌移,只是声带未颤,声音未出;
默读:没有出声,也没有唇动舌移,但目光、意识仍在逐句念诵。
以上不良习惯要么会打断阅读思维的连贯性,要么会破坏对文本的整体理解,而它们最大的害处就是降低了阅读速度。常听到同学抱怨“其实试题并不难,只是时间不够”,这正是阅读的不良习惯使然。
2、以意群为单位,成组视读
分清意群,停顿娴熟,不仅是朗诵的关键,更是阅读的基本素质。英语阅读时是以意群为单位,而非以单词或词组为单位。成组视读是说用眼睛扫视,不是一个词一个词的去默看,而是向探照灯一样根据意群,一组组的进行扫视,这时额头成了一个通道,被收纳的是信息,而不是词汇。这是一种高超的阅读能力,非以一贯之的坚持和大量的阅读不能够习得。
3、首尾在心,紧扣中心
任何一位作者都会有自己的写作意图,任何一篇文章都会有自己的中心主旨,而能否明晰作者的写作意图,能否把握文章的主旨,是理解一篇文章的关键,也是阅读水平高低的体现。为了考察考生对文章的理解程度和阅读水平,出题者必然会以各种方式对作者的写作意图与文章的主旨要义进行考察。一般来说,文章的主旨经常会被表述在文章的首尾中,首尾既包括文章的首段尾段,又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心,文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点,因此同学们应格外注意它们。
4、学会跳读,心中有图
阅读理解要做到心中既有森林,又有树木,既要统揽全文,又要主次有别。跳读即可用来通读全文,了解大意,又可用来搜寻细节,锁定被考察信息——如此既把握了整体,又不会忽视细节。在跳读时一定不要借用母语翻译,而要通过情景想象、提纲列表、重点连线、简图示意等手段来梳理文章脉络,使之直观化、形象化、具体化。
5、善于猜测词义
各类考试都允许出现3%的超纲词汇,这些词汇往往文中都会给出暗示,考生可以根据上下文来推断他们的意思;有些其后则会紧跟其同位语,直接对其进行解释说明;有的词汇(多数为名词)只需判定它是某类事物即可,比如人名、地名、某类动、植物等等,而无须弄明白其具体意思;有些词真是猜不出意思也不必太在意,因为一、两个词不认识根本不会对文章理解带来障碍,一定不能因之而恐慌,从而影响发挥。对于词义猜测试题中的超纲词,文中肯定会对其进行或解释、或同义、或暗示,只要细心,只要思路开阔,就一定能发现线索,确定其含义。
二、定
“定”——“定区间”。能够圈定各题答案的范围。
出题者一般都是根据文本的某一段,或某一段的某一句,或某一句的某一词,或根据隐藏在字里行间的作者的暗示进行题设。这就要求做题时要进行回想、返查,锁定与问题相关信息的所在区域,为正确解题打基础。这个过程就像捉迷藏一样,要想找到文本中躲藏的“猫猫”,就必须对藏躲“猫猫”的区域谙熟于心,进而准确定位,圈定范围,定能一抓一个准。
总的来说,每个问题都对应于文本中的某个区间,或显或隐,或大或小,或段或句或词,考生要擦亮眼睛,善于定位,为找到答案的根据做好必要且充分的准备。
三、划
“划”——“划根据”。作答时理由要充分,并在文章中划出解题依据。
能够在文本中划出解题根据是正确解题的关键,更是阅读理解不丢分的保障。猎人有句行话,叫“不见兔子不撒鹰”,在这儿我要告诉各位同学,在做阅读理解时要做到“不见根据不做题”。理由充分,根据凿实,这是“不仅知其然,而且知其所以然”的超高境界,是阅读水平提高的最大见证。从这种意义上讲,“划”字诀是“重、定、划、看、防、读”六字真诀之尤为重要者。
四、看
“看”——“看转换”。注意同一意思的不同表述(同意转述)。
英语语言相当丰富,同一意思会有多种不同表达,以避免语言表述上的单调重复。考试中常见的题型“同意改写”就是考察学生的这一能力的。以句型“决定做某事”为例,英语中就有不下就中表达:
1. decide to do sth.
2. make a decision to do sth.
3. determine to do sth.
4. be determined to do sth.
5. make a determination to do sth
6. resolve to do sth.
7. make a resolution to do sth.
8. make up one’s mind to do sth.
9. set one’s mind to do sth.
出题者设计试题时总会用不同的语言结构对文本中的某些信息进行同意转述。有的转述会很明显,可以一目了然;但也不乏隐含很深的转述。
五、防
“防”——“防陷井”。锁定是“true”还是“not true”,辨明形近词。
英语阅读中的陷阱设置最常见的有两种,判断对错真假型和词形相近型。对于判断对错真假型,考生做题前一定要认真审题,看准是“true”还是“not true”,是“right”还是“wrong”,然后才着手解题。可能会有同学认为,这么简单的事怎么会错?其实不然,在考场高度紧张的情况下,什么事情都会发生。试想你身边有过多少同学曾因把“true”与“not true”看反而懊恼不已,顿足捶胸?
对于词形相近型要做只有两个字“细心”,三思而后选。只要细心,此类陷阱就会很容易被识破。
归根到底,“防”的主要对象是自己,防止慌张,防止粗心大意,防止那些“想当然”的想法,防止自己的骄傲情绪——只要沉着应对,处处留心,任何陷阱都会被识别发现的。
六、读
“读”——“读全项”。做判断时要通读每一题的所有选项,区分鉴别,选择最佳。
阅读理解是从三个或四个选项中选出一个最佳选项,解题时考生要通读所有选项,比较鉴别,确定最佳。切不可挑读臆断,匆匆作答。比如做判断对错真假型试题时,选项中会有“一对三错”或“三对一错”,通读全项就会补救误读题干所造成的过失。
★ 初中英语作文论文
★ 初中英语作文提高
★ 提高初中英语作文
★ 初中英语作文模式
【初中英语作文阅读(共25篇)】相关文章:
初中作文教学论文2023-07-21
初中英语作文教学2023-02-05
浅谈初中英语作文教学2023-07-18
初中英语作文:为何学英语? Why Do You Study Engli2022-11-14
初中英语英语作文2024-03-25
初中英语作文写作技巧2023-03-29
贵阳初中英语作文写作技巧2022-05-06
如何提高初中生的作文水平2023-08-08
继续读英语初中英语作文2022-05-04
初中英语作文写作2023-03-18