高考新课标语文一轮复习--名句名篇默写必修3(高三必修教案设计)

高考新课标语文一轮复习--名句名篇默写必修3(高三必修教案设计)（锦集20篇）由网友“齁儿爷”投稿提供，下面是小编帮大家整理后的高考新课标语文一轮复习--名句名篇默写必修3(高三必修教案设计)，希望对大家有所帮助。

篇1：高考新课标语文一轮复习--名句名篇默写必修3(高三必修教案设计)

高考新课标语文一轮复习--名句名篇默写（必修3）(人教版高三必修教案设计)

20高考新课标语文一轮复习--名句名篇默写（必修3）

一、高考真题

必修3第二单元

《秋兴》

1．（09高考安徽卷）             ，孤舟一系故园心。（杜甫《秋兴八首》）

【答案】丛菊两开他日泪

《咏怀古迹》

1．（高考福建卷）            ，           。千载琵琶作胡语，分明怨恨曲中论。（杜甫《咏怀古迹》）

【答案】画图省识春风面 环佩空归月夜魂

《登高》

1．（09高考福建卷）________________，不尽长江滚滚来。（杜甫《登高》）

【答案】无边落木萧萧下

2．（09高考全国Ⅱ卷）               ，渚清沙白鸟飞回。               ，不尽长江滚滚来。万里悲秋常作客，百年多病独登台。艰难苦恨繁霜鬓，           。（杜甫《登高》）

【答案】风急天高猿啸哀  无边落木萧萧下  潦倒新停浊酒杯

3．（09高考天津卷）江间波浪兼天涌，________________。（杜甫《秋兴八首》其一）

【答案】塞上风云接地阴

4．（07高考山东卷）           ，百年多病独登台（杜甫《登高》）

【答案】万里悲秋常作客

5．（06高考四川卷）杜甫一生失意，常陷入病痛孤独之境，他的《登高》对此都有直接描述，句子是：《登高》             ，            。

【答案】万里悲秋常作客   百年多病独登台

6.（06高考重庆卷）风急天高猿啸哀            。无边落木萧萧下，不尽长江滚滚来。（杜甫《登高》）

【答案】渚清沙白鸟飞回

《琵琶行并序》

1.（09高考辽宁卷）弦弦掩抑声声思，            。            ，说尽心中无限事。（白居易《琵琶行》）

【答案】似诉平生不得志   低眉信手继续弹

2.（08高考安徽卷）千呼万唤始出来， 。（白居易《琵琶行》）

【答案】犹抱琵琶半遮面

3.（08高考江苏卷）座中泣下谁最多?        。(白居易《琵琶行》)

【答案】江州司马青衫湿

4.（08高考山东卷）弦弦掩抑声声思，                。（白居易《琵琶行》）

【答案】似诉平生不得志

5.（07高考广东卷）间关莺语花底滑，____ 。_  _ ，凝绝不通声暂歇。(白居易《琵琶行》)

【答案】幽咽泉流冰下难  冰泉冷涩弦凝绝

6.（07高考山东卷）         ，幽咽泉流冰下难。（白居易《琵琶行》）

【答案】间关莺语花底滑

7.（07高考重庆卷）转轴拨弦三两声，            。(白居易《琵琶行》)

【答案】未成曲调先有情

8.（06高考上海卷）曲终收拔当心画，四弦一声如裂帛。_____，______。（白居易《琵琶行》）

【答案】东船西舫悄无言  唯见江心秋月白

9.（06高考四川卷）白居易的'《琵琶行》和柳永的《雨霖铃》中，既交待秋天的背景又蕴含离别之意的句子是：《琵琶行》           ，            。《雨霖铃》           ，            。

【答案】浔阳江头夜送客    枫叶荻花秋瑟瑟   多情自古伤离别   更那堪冷落清秋节（或：寒蝉凄切   对长亭晚）

10.（06高考浙江卷）                    ，往往取酒还独倾。（白居易《琵琶行》）

【答案】春江花朝秋月夜

11.（05高考江苏卷）____________，凝绝不通声暂歇。____________，此时无声胜有声。

(白居易《琵琶行》)

【答案】冰泉冷涩弦凝绝 别有幽愁暗恨生

12.（04高考上海卷）转轴拨弦三两声，________________。(白居易《琵琶行》)

【答案】未成曲调先有情

《蜀道难》

1．（09高考广东卷）但见悲鸟号古木，雄飞雌从绕林间。            ，            。（李白《蜀道难》）

【答案】又闻子规啼夜月  愁空山

2．（09高考湖北卷）古代作品中写山水之胜的，有《赤壁赋》中的“山川相缪？            ”，还有《蜀道难》中的“上有六龙回日之高标，              ”。

【答案】郁乎苍苍  下有冲波逆折之回川

3．（09高考全国Ⅰ卷）尔来四万八千岁，                              。西当太白有鸟道，              。             ，然后天梯石栈相钩连。（李白《蜀道难》）

【答案】不与秦塞通人烟  可以横绝峨嵋巅   地崩山摧壮士死

4．（08高考湖南卷）      ，      ！尔来四万八千岁，不与秦塞通人烟。（李白《蜀道难》）

【答案】蚕丛及鱼凫  开国何茫然

5．（08高考全国Ⅰ卷）锦城虽云乐，    。蜀道之难，难于上青天，    ！（李白《蜀道难》

【答案】不如早还家  侧身西望长咨嗟

6．（08高考浙江卷）但见悲鸟号古木，雄飞雌从绕林间。 ，。（李白《蜀道难》

【答案】又闻子规啼夜月，愁空山

7．（07高考海南、宁夏卷）连峰去天不盈尺， ______________。 飞湍瀑流争喧虺，______________。（李白《蜀道难》）

【答案】枯松倒挂倚绝壁 f崖转石万壑雷

8．（06高考四川卷）                 ，一夫当关，万夫莫开。（李白《蜀道难》）

【答案】剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬

《锦瑟》

1．（09高考安徽卷）此情可待成追忆？                     。     （李商隐《锦瑟》）

【答案】只是当时已惘然

2．（09高考江苏卷）沧海月明珠有泪，                          。（李商隐《锦瑟》）

【答案】蓝田日暖玉生烟

3．（08高考广东卷）锦瑟无端五十弦，一弦一柱思华年。          ，        。（李商隐《锦瑟》）

【答案】庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶，望帝春心托杜鹃

4．（高考海南、宁夏卷）锦瑟无端五十弦，_________________。_____________________，望帝春心托杜鹃。（李商隐《锦瑟》）

【答案】一弦一柱思华年       庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶

5．（07高考安徽卷）______ ，蓝田日暖玉生烟。 （李商隐《锦瑟》）

【答案】沧海月明珠有泪

6．（07高考山东卷）         ，蓝田日暖玉生烟。（李商隐《锦瑟》）

【答案】沧海月明珠有泪

7．（06高考江西卷）沧海月明珠有泪，           。此情可待成追忆，           。（李商隐《锦瑟》）

【答案】蓝田日暖玉生烟  只是当时已惘然

8．（04高考天津卷）庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶，                  ，沧海月明珠有泪，                  。（李商隐《锦瑟》）

【答案】望帝春心托杜鹃  蓝田日暖玉生烟

9．（04高考湖北卷）庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶，          。沧海月明珠有泪，         。(李商隐《锦瑟》)

【答案】望帝春心托杜鹃  蓝田日暖玉生烟

篇2：高考语文一轮复习：名篇名句默写

高考语文一轮复习：名篇名句默写170句

名句对答

一、写出下列各名句的上句或下句：

1．欲穷千里目， 。（王之涣《登鹳雀楼》）

2．千里之行， 。（《老子》六十四章）

3．羌笛何须怨杨柳， 。（王之涣《凉州词》）

4． ，其意常在沛公也。（司马迁《史记?项羽本记》）

5．祸患常积于忽微， 。（欧阳修《伶官传序》）

6．醉翁之意不在酒， 。（欧阳修《醉翁亭记》）

7．愚人千虑， 。（《晏子春秋?内篇杂下》）

8．老吾老以及人之老， 。（《孟子?梁惠王上》）

9．谁言寸草心， 。（孟郊《游子吟》）

10．人生自古谁无死， 。（文天祥《过零丁洋》）

11． ，不指南方不肯休。（文天祥《扬子江》）

12．但使龙城飞将在， 。（王昌龄《出塞》）

13． ，后天下之乐而乐。（范仲淹《岳阳楼记》）

14． ，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜。（杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》）

15．政通人知， 。（范仲淹《岳阳楼记》）

16． ，失道寡助。（《孟子?公孙丑下》）

17． ，然后有千里马。（韩愈《杂说四》）

18．我劝天公重抖擞， 。（龚自珍《己亥杂诗》）

19．受任于败兵之际， 。（诸葛亮《出师表》）

20．民不畏死， 。（《老子》七十四章）

21． ，春风吹又生。（白居易《赋得古草原送别》）

22．众口铄金， 。（邹阳《狱中上书自明》）

23．人固有一死， ， 。（司马迁《报任安书》）

24．山不在高， ；水不在深， 。（刘禹锡《陋室铭》）

25． ，下自成蹊。（司马迁《史记?李将军列传》）

26．忧劳可以兴国， 。（欧阳修《伶官传序》）

27．洛阳亲戚如相问， 。（王昌龄《芙蓉楼送辛渐》）

28．予独爱莲之出淤泥而不染， 。（周敦颐《爱莲说》）

29．粉身碎骨浑不怕， 。（于谦《石灰吟》）

30．富贵不能淫， ， 。（《孟子?滕文公下》）

31．落红不是无情物， 。（龚自珍《己亥杂诗》）

32．零落成泥辗作尘， 。（陆游《卜算子?咏梅》）

33．天时不如地利， 。（《孟子?公孙丑下》）

34．青，取之于蓝， 。（《荀子?劝学》）

35．三人行， 。（《论语?述而》）

36．弟子不必不如师， 。（韩愈《师说》）

37．温故而知新， 。（《论语?为政》）

38．玉不琢， ；人不学， 。（《礼记?学记》）

39．吾尝终日而思矣， 。（《荀子?劝学》）

40．学然后知不足， 。（《礼记?学记》）

41．会当凌绝顶， 。（杜甫《望岳》）

42．尽信书， 。（《孟子?尽心下》）

43．学而不思则罔， 。（《论语?为政》）

44．敏而好学， 。（《论语?公治长》）

45．锲而不舍， 。（《荀子?劝学》）

46．学而不厌， 。（《论语?述而》）

47．一年之计在于春， 。（南朝梁萧绎《纂要》）

48．少壮不努力， 。（《乐府诗集?长歌行》）

49．我生待明日， 。（清钱鹤滩《明日歌》）

50．莫等闲， ， 。（岳飞《满江红》）

篇3：高考名句默写训练(高三必修)

高考名句默写训练(人教版高三必修)

2、骐骥一跃，                     ；                       ，功在不舍。（荀子《劝学》）

3、故不积跬步，无以至千里；                  ，                         。（荀子《劝学》）

4、                   ，                ，上食埃土，下饮黄泉，用心一也。（荀子《劝学》）

5、蟹六跪而二螯，                                  ，用心躁也。（荀子《劝学》）

6、令初下，群臣进谏，                           。（《战国策?邹忌讽齐王纳谏》）

7、其称文小而其指极大，              。其志洁，            ，其行廉，故死而不容。（《屈原列传》）

8、自疏濯淖污泥之中，蝉蜕于浊秽，以浮游尘埃之外，不获世人之滋垢，                    。推此志者，                                  。（司马迁《屈原列传》）

9、落霞与孤鹜齐飞，            。渔舟唱晚，响穷彭蠡之滨；雁阵惊寒，            。（王勃《滕》）

10、潦水尽而寒潭清                               。（王勃《滕王阁序》）

11、老当益壮，宁移白首之心？             ，             。酌贪泉而觉爽，处涸辙以犹欢。（王勃）12、积土成山，风雨兴焉；积水成渊，蛟龙生焉；积善成德，           ，            。（荀子《劝学》）

13、北海虽赊，扶摇可接；                ，                    。（王勃《滕王阁序》）

14、古之学者必有师，师者，                               。（韩愈《师说》）

15、吾师道也，               ？是故无贵无贱，无长无少，           ，           。（韩愈《师说》）

16、古之圣人，其出人也远矣，            ；今之众人，其下圣人也亦远矣，而耻学于师。（韩愈《师》）

17、句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不焉，               ，                    。（韩愈《师说》）

18、是故弟子不必不如师，师不必贤于弟子，               ，            ，如是而已。（韩愈《师说》）

19、六王毕，四海一，蜀山兀，阿房出。                  ，                   。（杜牧《阿房宫赋》）

20、廊腰缦回，檐牙高啄；                ，                 。（杜牧《阿房宫赋》）

21、长桥卧波，未云何龙？               ，                     ？（杜牧《阿房宫赋》）

22、                ，                   ；舞殿冷袖，风雨凄凄。（杜牧《阿房宫赋》）

23、鼎铛玉石，              ，                 ，秦人观之，亦不甚惜。（杜牧《阿房宫赋》）

24、嗟夫！                  ，                           ；使秦复爱六国之人，则递三世可至万世而为君，谁得而族灭也？（杜牧《阿房宫赋》）

25、秦人不暇自哀，而后人哀之；后人哀之而不鉴之，                           。（杜牧《阿房宫赋》）

26、六国破灭，非兵不利，                 ，                   。（苏洵《六国论》）

27、六国互丧，率赂秦耶？曰：                      。盖失强援，不能独完。（苏洵《六国论》）

28、然则诸侯之地有限，暴秦之欲无厌。                ，               。（苏洵《六国论》）

29、苟以天下之大，                         ，是又在六国下矣。（苏洵《六国论》）

30、古人之观于天地、山川、草木、虫鱼、鸟兽，往往有得，                 。（王安石《游褒禅山记》）

31、而世之奇伟、瑰怪、非常之观，常在于险远，而人之所罕至焉，                    。（王安石《游》）

32、少焉，月出于东山之上，            。白露横江，水光接天。纵一苇之所如，凌万顷之茫然。（赤）

33、浩浩乎如冯虚御风，而不知其所止；                       ，羽化而登仙。（苏轼《赤壁赋》）

34、清风徐来，水波不兴。举酒属客，                     ，                    。（苏轼《赤壁赋》）

35、其声鸣鸣然，如怨如慕，如泣如诉，               ，                。（苏轼《赤壁赋》）

36、寄蜉蝣于天地，                       。哀吾生之须臾，羡长江之无穷。（苏轼《赤壁赋》）

37、且夫天地之间，物各有主，苟非吾之所有，                       。（苏轼《赤壁赋》）

38、亦余心之所善兮，                          。（屈原《离骚》）

39、制芰荷以为衣兮，                 。不吾知其亦已兮，苟余情其信芳。（屈原《离骚》）

40、高余冠之岌岌兮，                   。芳与泽之杂糅兮，唯昭质其犹未亏。（屈原《离骚》）

41、民生各有所乐兮，余独好修以为常。                            ，岂余心之可惩？（屈原《离骚》）

42、河汉清且浅，相去复几许？                   ，                     。（《古诗十九首》）

43、青青子衿，悠悠我心。                    ，                   。（曹操《短歌行》）

44、                  ，                   。周公吐哺，天下归心。（曹操《短歌行》）

45、老骥伏枥，志在千里，                  ，                    。（曹操《龟虽寿》）

46、天姥连大向天横，势拔五岳掩赤城。天台一万八千丈，                         。（李白《梦》）

47、脚著谢公屐，身登青云梯。                ，               。（李白《梦游天姥吟留别》）

48、且放白鹿青崖间，须行即骑访名山。                           ，使我不得开心颜！（李白《梦》）

49、西当太白有鸟道，可以横绝峨眉颠。                         ，然后天梯石栈相钩连。（李白《蜀》）

50、蜀道之难，难于上青天，使人听此凋朱颜！                        ，枯松倒挂倚绝壁。（李白《蜀》）

51、剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬，                   ，                     。（李白《蜀道难》）

52、问君西游何时还？                        。但见悲鸟号古木，雄飞雌从绕林间。（李白《蜀道难》）

53、君不见黄河之水天上来，                             。君不见高堂明镜悲白发，朝如青丝暮成雪。人生得意须尽欢，莫使金樽空对月。                            ，千金散尽还复来。（李白《将进酒》）

54、丞相祠堂何处寻，锦官城外柏森森。映阶碧草自春色，                           。（杜甫《蜀相》）

55、              ，两朝开济老臣心。                           ，长使英雄泪满襟。（杜甫《蜀相》）

56、去时里正与裹头，                        。边庭流血成海水，武皇开边意未已。（杜甫《兵车行》）

57、君不见青海头，古来白骨无人收。新鬼烦冤旧鬼哭，                           。（杜甫《兵车行》）

58、花径不曾缘客扫，                                        。（杜甫《客至》）

59、昔闻洞庭水，今上岳阳楼。                       ，                      。（杜甫《登岳阳楼》）

60、明月松间照，清泉石上流。                    ，                         。（王维《山居秋暝》）

61、山围故国周遭在，潮打空城寂寞回。淮水东边旧时月，                      。（刘禹锡《石头城》）

62、                       ，犹抱琵琶半遮面。转轴拨弦三两声，未成曲调先有情。（白居易《琵琶行》）

63、大弦嘈嘈如急雨，           。嘈嘈切切错杂弹，               。（白居易《琵琶行》）

64、别有幽愁暗恨生，                       。银瓶乍破水浆迸，铁骑突出刀枪鸣。（白居易《琵琶行》）

65、曲罢曾叫善才服，                           。（白居易《琵琶行》）

66、同是天涯沦落人，                                            。（白居易《琵琶行》）

67、长安回望绣城堆，                      。 一骑红尘妃子笑，无人知是荔枝来。（杜牧《过华清宫》）

68、庄生晓梦迷蝴蝶，望帝春心托杜鹃。                 ，                         。此情可待成追忆，只是当时已惘然。（李商隐《锦瑟》）

69、小山重叠金明灭，                         。懒起画蛾眉，弄妆梳洗迟。（温庭筠《菩萨蛮》）

70、问君能有几多愁，                           。（李煜《虞美人》）

71、                  ，                  。今宵酒醒何处，杨柳岸晓风残月（柳永《雨霖铃》）

72、千里澄江似练，翠峰如簇，               ，                         。彩舟云淡，星河鹭起。画图难足。（王安石《桂枝香?金陵怀古》）

73、六朝旧事随流水，但寒烟衰草凝绿。至今商女，            ，              。（王安石《桂枝香》）

74、乱石穿空，惊涛拍岸，卷起千堆雪。              ，               。（苏轼《念奴娇?赤壁怀古》）

75、羽扇纶巾，谈笑间，                          。（苏轼《念奴娇?赤壁怀古》）

76、柔情似水，佳期如梦，忍顾鹊桥归路。               ，                     ！（秦观《鹊桥仙》）

77、叶上初阳干宿雨，           ，              。……五月渔郎相忆否？小楫轻舟，梦入芙蓉浦。（周邦彦《苏幕遮》）

78、寻寻觅觅，冷冷清清，凄凄惨惨戚戚。                   ，                。79、梧桐更兼细雨，到黄昏，点点滴滴。               ，               ？（李清照《声声慢》）

答案：1.金就砺则利，君子博学而日参省乎己    2.不能十步；驽马十驾   3.不积小流，无以成江海    4.蚓无爪牙之利，筋骨之强    5.非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者    6.门庭若市    7.举类迩而见义远 / 故其称物芳    8.（皎）然泥而不滓者也 / 虽与日月争光可也     9.秋水共长天一色 / 声断衡阳之浦    10.烟光凝而暮山紫    11.穷且益坚，不坠青云之志    13.东隅已逝，桑榆非晚    14.所以传道受业解惑也    15.夫庸知其年之先后生于吾乎 / 道之所存，师之所存也    16.犹且从师而问焉    17.小学而大遗，吾未见其明也    18.闻道有先后，术业有专攻    19.覆压三百余里，隔离天日    20.各抱地势，钩心斗角    21.复道行空，不霁何虹    22.歌台暖响，春光融融    23.金块珠砾，弃掷逦迤    24.使六国各爱其人，则足以拒秦    25.亦使后人而复哀后人也    26.战不善，弊在赂秦    27.不赂者以赂者丧    28.奉之弥繁，侵之愈急    29.而从六国破亡之故事    30.以其求思之深而无不在也    31.故非有志者不能至也    32.徘徊于斗牛之间    33.飘飘乎如遗世独立    34.诵明月之诗，歌窈窕之章    35.余音袅袅，不绝如缕    36.渺沧海之一粟    37.虽一毫而莫取    38.虽九死其犹未悔    39.集芙蓉以为裳    40.长余佩之陆离    41.虽体解吾犹未变兮    42.盈盈一水间，脉脉不得语   43.但为君故，沉吟至今

44.山不厌高，海不厌深   45.烈士暮年，壮心不已   46.对此欲倒东南倾   47.半壁见海日，空中闻天鸡   48.安能摧眉折腰事权贵   49.地崩山摧壮士死   50.连峰去天不盈尺   51.一夫当关，万夫莫开   52.畏途（  ）岩不可攀   53.奔流到海不复回 / 天生我材必有用   54.隔叶黄鹂空好音    55.出师未捷身先死   56.归来头白还戍边   57.天阴雨湿声啾啾   58.蓬门今始为君开   59.吴楚东南坼，乾坤日夜浮   60.竹喧归浣女，莲动下渔舟   61.夜深还过女墙来   62.千呼万唤始出来   63.小弦切切如私语 / 大珠小珠落玉盘   64.此时无声胜有声   65.妆成每被秋娘妒   66.相逢何必曾相识   67.山顶千门次第开   68.沧海月明珠有泪，蓝田日暖玉生烟   69.鬓云欲度香腮雪   70.恰似一江春水向东流  71.今宵酒醒何处，杨柳岸晓风残月   72.征帆去棹残阳里，背西风酒旗斜矗   73.时时犹唱，《后庭》遗曲   74.江山如画，一时多少豪杰   75樯橹灰飞烟灭    76.两情若是久长时，又岂在朝朝暮暮   77.水面清圆，一一风荷举   78.乍暖还寒时候，最难将息   79.这次第，怎一个愁字了得

篇4：高考语文名篇名句默写复习专项练习

高考最新名篇名句默写复习专练

复习范围

高中：杜牧《阿房宫赋》、苏轼《赤壁赋》

初中：《诗经 蒹葭》、杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》、岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》、刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》、李贺《雁门太守行》、杜牧《赤壁》

1、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧《阿房宫赋》一文告诫人们如果不吸取历史教训就会重蹈覆辙的句子是：“_________________，_______________”。

(2)苏轼《赤壁赋》描绘秋江的爽朗和澄清，恰好体现作者怡然自得的心境的句子：“_______________，_______________。”

(3)成语“秋水伊人”源自《蒹葭》中的诗句：“_______________，_______________。”

2、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)《阿房宫赋》杜牧通过“_______________，_______________ 。”两句，提出了秦国如果爱惜六国的人才，就能世代为君，安享天下这一观点。

(2)苏轼的《赤壁赋》中，写作者举起酒杯，引吭高歌，吟唱《诗经》中咏月的诗句的骈句是：“_________________，________________”。

(3)《雁门太守行》中，极力渲染敌军兵临城下的紧张气氛和危急形势的诗句是：“_______________ ，_______________ 。”

3、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)作者泼墨写意，粗笔勾勒。言阿房宫占地之广，状其楼阁之高的句子是：“_______________，_______________。”

(2)苏轼的《赤壁赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句写出了作者对于世间“有主”的万物的个人态度。

(3)《茅屋为秋风所破歌》中，描写秋天凄凉氛围的诗句是：“_______________，_______________。”

4、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，用故作疑问的话、把阿房宫中楼阁之间架木筑成的通道比作天上的彩虹的句子是：“_________________，________________”。

(2)《赤壁赋》中，客人把自己和曹操进行了对比，曹操当时是怎样的， ，

_______________。

(3)《赤壁》中“_______________， _______________。”两句，设想了赤壁之战双方胜败易位后将导致的结局。

5、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句写出了奢华宏伟的阿房宫最终的结局——被项羽一把火给烧了，语气中流露出作者对其的惋惜之情。

(2)《赤壁赋》中运用比喻的手法写箫声给人带来突出箫声的悲凉与幽怨的句子：“_______________，_______________。”

(3)《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》中，借用典故写出自己离开家乡之久的诗句是：“ _______________，_______________ 。”

6、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧在《阿房宫赋》中写通过外貌与神态的细节描写刻画出宫女对君王宠幸的期盼之情后，再用“_________________，________________”两句写出了现实的残酷和时间的无情。

(2)苏轼的《赤壁赋》中，写作者希望与仙人同游，与明月长存的句子是：“_________________，________________”。

(3)《白雪歌送武判官归京》中表达对朋友依依不舍之情的诗句是：“_______________，_______________ 。”

7、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，描写渭水、樊川两条河流水流平缓地经过阿房宫的两句是：

“_______________，_______________。

(2)《赤壁赋》写作者与友人于扁舟举杯共饮的句子是: “_______________，_______________。”

(3)李贺《雁门太守行》中，“_______________，_______________ 。”从声色和视听的角度描写惊心动魄的战斗场面。

8、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中， “_________________，________________”这两句写出了老百姓对于秦始皇的暴君行为有怨气却不敢说。

(2)苏轼在《赤壁赋》中描写了客吹洞箫的效果，其中运用了侧面描写的两句是：“_________________，________________”。

(3)《酬乐天扬州处缝隙上见赠》中表达诗人豁达的胸怀和奋发向上、努力进取精神的诗句是：“_______________， _______________。”

9、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，作者连用五个有比喻色彩的对比写出了阿旁宫建筑用材之多，其中“_________________，________________”这个可以看出古代中国农民在普通家庭的重要地位。

(2)在《赤壁赋》中，苏轼用“_________________，________________”两句刻画出曹操在攻破荆州后春风得意、踌躇满志的英雄形象。

(3)《茅屋为秋风所破歌》中抒发作者虽身居漏雨屋舍仍关心天下百姓疾苦的美好感情的句子是：“_______________ ，_______________。”

10、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，用倒置式的暗喻，以闪闪明星来比喻宫女梳妆打扮的句子是：“_________________，________________”。

(2)在《赤壁赋》中，苏轼饮酒甚酣，扣弦而歌，其中借用“美人”来抒发情怀的两句是：“_________________，________________”。

(3)岑参的《白雪歌送武判官归京》中以春花喻冬雪的两句诗是：，

。

11、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧在《阿房宫赋》中，用带着谴责语气的问句对秦国贪婪掠夺而又肆意挥霍财富的行为提出批评的句子是：“_________________，________________”。

(2)(原创)老子曰“祸莫大于不知足，咎莫大于欲得，故知足之足常足矣”，《赤壁赋》中以写耳目来表现知足常乐的心态“_________________，________________”。

(3)《白雪歌送武判官归京》中起承上启下过渡作用的诗句是 ， 。

12、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)(原创)形容天气千变万化的谚语“一山有四季，十里不同天”，阿房宫也以天气变化来比喻宫殿之庞大：“_________________，________________”。

(2)苏轼的《赤壁赋》中，写江上水汽弥漫，江水无边无际和远方天际相接的句子是：“_________________，________________”。

(3)《赤壁》中隐含诗人对历史的独特见解，隐寓作者怀才不遇的情绪的诗句是 _______________， 。

13、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，用故作疑问的话、把阿房宫中水面上的长桥比作“云中龙”的句子是“_________________，________________”。

(2)苏轼的《赤壁赋》中，写作者感慨生命的短暂，羡慕长江江水的无穷无尽的句子是：“_________________，________________”。

(3)《茅屋为秋风所破歌》中表现群童顽皮的句子：_______________，_______________ 。

14、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句写出了昔日六国身份显贵的妃嫔和公主们，在国亡被俘后屈辱的境况和卑微的身份。

(2)(原创)“人生在世不称意，明朝散发弄扁舟”李白在“不称意”中，找到了一条摆脱苦闷的出路，《赤壁赋》苏轼将现实中的苦闷寄予秋风的诗句是：“_________________，________________”。

(3)(原创)“巴山夜雨涨秋池”的巴山是详指大巴山作者游宦之地，《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》的“巴山”却是泛指作者贬居之地，这两句诗是，。

15、补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。(每空1分，共6分)

(1)杜牧的《阿房宫赋》中，“_________________，________________”这两句用假设的语气发表议论，说明六国没法抵抗秦国的根本原因的不够爱民。

(2)苏轼的《赤壁赋》中，用比喻、夸张和对比衬托的手法写出江面的广阔的句子是：“_________________，________________”。

(3)(原创)《白雪歌送武判官归京》中采用互文的修辞手法，极写边塞的严寒的两句诗是_______________，_______________。

参考答案：

1、(1)后人哀之而不鉴之，亦使后人而复哀后人也。

(2)清风徐来，水波不兴

(3)所谓伊人，在水一方

2、(1)使秦复爱六国之人，则递三世可至万世而为君

(2)诵明月之诗，歌窈窕之章

(3)黑云压城城欲摧，甲光向日金鳞开

3、(1)覆压三百余里，隔离天日

(2)苟非吾之所有，虽一毫而莫取

(3)俄顷风定云墨色，秋天漠漠向昏黑

4、(1)复道行空，不霁何虹?

(2)酾酒临江，横槊赋诗

(3)东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔。

5、(1)楚人一炬，可怜焦土

(2)如怨如慕，如泣如诉

(3)怀旧空吟闻笛赋，到乡翻似烂柯人。

6、(1)有不得见者，三十六年。

(2)挟飞仙以遨游，抱明月而长终

(3)山回路转不见君，雪上空留马行处

7、(1)二川溶溶，流入宫墙

(2)驾一叶之扁舟，举匏樽以相嘱

(3)半卷红旗临易水，霜重鼓寒声不起

8、(1)使天下之人，不敢言而敢怒

(2)舞幽壑之潜蛟，泣孤舟之嫠妇

(3)沉舟侧畔千帆过，病树前头万木春

9、(1)使负栋之柱，多于南亩之农夫

(2)酾酒临江，横槊赋诗

(3)安得广厦千万间，大庇天下寒士俱欢颜

10、(1)明星荧荧，开妆镜也

(2)渺渺兮予怀，望美人兮天一方

(3)瀚海阑干百丈冰，愁云惨淡万里凝

11、(1)奈何取之尽锱铢，用之如泥沙

(2)耳得之而为声，目遇之而成色

(3)忽如一夜春风来，千树万树梨花开

12、(1)一宫之间，而气候不齐

(2)白露横江，水光接天

(3)东风不与周郎便，铜雀春深锁二乔

13、(1)长桥卧波，未云何龙?

(2)哀吾生之须臾，羡长江之无穷。

(3)南村群童欺我老无力，忍能对面为盗贼

14、(1)朝歌夜弦，为秦宫人

(2)知不可乎骤得，托遗响于悲风。

(3)巴山楚水凄凉地，二十三年弃置身

15、(1)使六国各爱其人，则足以拒秦

(2)纵一苇之所如，凌万顷之茫然

(3)将军角弓不得控，都户铁衣冷难着。

篇5：20高考语文总复习巅峰冲刺：名句名篇默写

新课标文言诗文背诵推荐篇目

(高中14篇，初中50篇，共64篇)

(一)义务教育课程标准中推荐背诵的篇目

7—9年级(50篇)

1.孔子语录 《论语》

2.鱼，我所欲也 孟子

3.生于忧患，死于安乐 孟子

4.曹刿论战 《左传》

5.邹忌讽齐王纳谏 《战国策》

6.出师表 诸葛亮

7.桃花源记 陶渊明

8.三峡 郦道元

9.马说 韩愈

10.陋室铭 刘禹锡

11.小石潭记 柳宗元

12.岳阳楼记 范仲淹

13.醉翁亭记 欧阳修

14.爱莲说 周敦颐

15.记承天寺夜游 苏轼

16.送东阳马生序(节选) 宋濂

17.关雎(关关雎鸠) 《诗经》

18.蒹葭(蒹葭苍苍) 《诗经》

19.观沧海(东临碣石) 曹操

20.饮酒(结庐在人境) 陶渊明

21.送杜少府之任蜀州(城阙辅三秦) 王勃

22.次北固山下(客路青山外) 王湾

23.使至塞上(单车欲问边) 王维

24.闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄(杨花落尽子规啼) 李白

25.行路难(金樽清酒斗十千) 李白

26.望岳(岱宗夫如何) 杜甫

27.春望(国破山河在) 杜甫

28.茅屋为秋风所破歌(八月秋高风怒号) 杜甫

29.白雪歌送武判官归京(北风卷地白草折) 岑参

30.早春呈水部张十八员外二首(其一)(天街小雨润如酥) 韩愈

31.酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠(巴山楚水凄凉地) 刘禹锡

32.观刈麦(田家少闲月) 白居易

33.钱塘湖春行(孤山寺北贾亭西) 白居易

34.雁门太守行(黑云压城城欲摧) 李贺

35.赤壁(折戟沉沙铁未销) 杜牧

36.泊秦淮(烟笼寒水月笼沙) 杜牧

37.夜雨寄北(君问归期未有期) 李商隐

38.无题(相见时难别亦难) 李商隐

39.相见欢(无言独上西楼) 李煜

40.渔家傲(塞下秋来风景异) 范仲淹

41.浣溪沙(一曲新词酒一杯) 晏殊

42.登飞来峰(飞来峰上千寻塔) 王安石

43.江城子·密州出猎(老夫聊发少年狂) 苏轼

44.水调歌头(明月几时有) 苏轼

45.游山西村(莫笑农家腊酒浑) 陆游

46.破阵子(醉里挑灯看剑) 辛弃疾

47.过零丁洋(辛苦遭逢起一经) 文天祥

48.天净沙·秋思(枯藤老树昏鸦) 马致远

49.山坡羊·潼关怀古(峰峦如聚) 张养浩

50.己亥杂诗(浩荡离愁白日斜) 龚自珍

(二)高中课程标准中建议的诵读篇目

1.劝学(君子曰：学不可以已……用心躁也) 《荀子·劝学》

2.逍遥游(北冥有鱼……圣人无名) 庄子

3.师说 韩愈

4.阿房宫赋 杜牧

5.赤壁赋 苏轼

6.氓 《诗经》

7.离骚(长太息以掩涕兮……岂余心之可惩) 屈原

8.蜀道难 李白

9.登高 杜甫

10.琵琶行 白居易

11.锦瑟李商隐

12.虞美人(春花秋月何时了) 李煜

13.念奴娇·赤壁怀古(大江东去) 苏轼

14.永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古(千古江山) 辛弃疾

真题解析

一、(高考新课标Ⅰ卷)16.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《论语·为政》中“________________，________________”两句指出，成为教师的条件是温习学过的知识进而又能从中获得新的理解与体会。

(2)韩愈的《师说》是写给少年李蟠的。文末所说的“________________”，点出李蟠的文章爱好，而“________________”，则说明了李蟠的儒学素养。

(3)苏轼《念奴娇(大江东去)》中“________________”一句，写的是周瑜的儒将装束。“________________”一句，表明了周瑜的赫赫战功。

【答案】 (1)温故而知新 可以为师矣 (2)好古文 六艺经传皆通习之 (3)羽扇纶巾 樯橹灰飞烟灭

【解析】本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。试题设置为情景默写，考生应先理解试题的情景，然后默写。

二、(高考新课标Ⅰ卷)16.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)曹操《观沧海》中“__________________，__________________”两句描写了海水荡漾、峰峦矗立的景象。

(2)杜牧在《阿房宫赋》的结尾处感叹道，如果六国爱护自己的百姓，就足以抵抗秦国，

紧接着说：“__________________，__________________，__________________?”

【答案】

(1)水何澹澹 山岛竦峙 (2)使秦复爱六国之人 则递三世可至万世而为君 谁得而族灭也

【解析】

本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。第(1)题“两句描写了海水荡漾、峰峦矗立的景象”是默写的情景重要提示语，要以此展开联想进行默写。“澹”“竦”笔画较多，不能写错。第(2)题“紧接着说”是默写的关键信息，是提示要默写前面所提供的情景之后的句子，这题有三句，不能漏字添字换字，默写讲究原汁原味。

三、(20高考新课标Ⅱ卷)16.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《庄子•逍遥游》中以八千年为一季的大椿为例，阐述何为“大年”，随后指出八百岁的长寿老人实在不算什么：“_______________，_______________，_________________!”

(2)刘禹锡在《陋室铭》中以“_________________，_________________”来借指自己的陋室，抒发自己仰慕前贤、安贫乐道的情怀。

【答案】

(1)而彭祖乃今以久特闻 众人匹之 不亦悲乎 (2)南阳诸葛庐 西蜀子云亭

【解析】

本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。第(1)题要认真读懂情景提示语“随后指出八百岁的长寿老人实在不算什么”，这是默写的依据。第(2)题“来借指自己的陋室”是重要提示语，要以此展开联想进行默写。

四、(年高考新课标Ⅲ卷)16.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《荀子·劝学》中强调了积累的重要。以积土成山、积水成渊可以兴风雨、生蛟龙设喻，引出“_________________，_____________________，__________________”的观点。

(2)杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》中，“__________________，_________________”两句写狂风停止之后云层变得墨黑，天色马上暗下来，引出下文屋破又遭连夜雨的境况。

【答案】

(1)积善成德 而神明自得 圣心备焉 (2)俄顷风定云墨色 秋天漠漠向昏黑

【解析】

本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。第(1)题的“引出……

观点”是默写的关键信息，而前面提示情景是为后面默写服务的，不能写“设喻”的句子，而要写“引出”的能表达“观点”的句子。第(2)句“俄”“墨”“漠”不能写错，当然。默写每个字都要与原文一模一样。“两句写狂风停止之后云层变得墨黑，天色马上暗下来”是默写的关键信息。

五、(2017年高考北京卷)18.在横线上填写作品原句。

①本诗描绘的是巴峡风俗，而陶渊明《归园田居》描绘的则是田园风光，其诗云：“_______，

________。狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。”

②本诗写到了登高望远，王勃《滕王阁序》中也有登高望远的语句：“披绣闼，俯雕甍，

_______，________。”

③本诗与辛弃疾《菩萨蛮》同为游记之作，辛词云：“青山遮不住，毕竟东流去。________，_________。”

【答案】

①暧暧远人村 依依墟里烟 ②山原旷其盈视 川泽纡其骇瞩 ③江晚正愁予 山深闻鹧鸪

【解析】

本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。北京卷将名篇名句默写与古代诗歌(王维《晓行巴峡》)阅读结合起来考查，这是北京卷多年的高考默写题型。容易写错的字为：第①题“暧”“墟”; 第②题“旷”“盈”“纡”“骇”“瞩”;第③题“予”“ 鹧”。

六、(2017年高考江苏卷)12.补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。

(1)氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。匪来贸丝， 。(《诗经·卫风·氓》)

(2)小知不及大知， 。(庄子《逍遥游》)

(3)锦瑟无端五十弦， 。(李商隐《锦瑟》)

(4) ，月如钩。寂寞梧桐深院锁清秋。(李煜《相见欢》)

(5) ，而不知其所止。(苏轼《赤壁赋》)

(6)枯藤老树昏鸦，小桥流水人家， 。(马致远《天净沙·秋思》)

(7)仁者不忧，智者不惑， 。(《论语·宪问》)

(8)在天愿作比翼鸟， 。(白居易《长恨歌》)

【答案】

(1)来即我谋 (2)小年不及大年 (3)一弦一柱思华年 (4)无言独上西楼 (5)浩浩乎如冯虚御风 (6)古道西风瘦马 (7)勇者不惧 (8)在地愿为连理枝

【解析】

本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。江苏卷高考默写还是传统题型，源自高中教材的有四句：《诗经·卫风·氓》《逍遥游》《锦瑟》《赤壁赋》;源自初中教材的有两句：《相见欢》《天净沙·秋思》;源自课外的有两句：《论语·宪问》《长恨歌》。

七、(高考新课标Ⅰ卷)10.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《荀子·劝学》指出，蚯蚓虽然身体柔弱，却能“_______________________，_______________________ ”，是用心专一的缘故。

(2)在《出师表》开头，诸葛亮向后主指出，先帝刘备过早去世，“__________________，_______________________ ”，正是危急存亡之时。

(3)在《永遇乐(千古江山)》中，辛弃疾回顾了元嘉年间的那次北伐，宋文帝刘义隆本希望能够“__________________”，但由于行事草率，最终却“________________ ”。

【答案】

(1)上食埃土 下饮黄泉 (2)今天下三分 益州疲弊 (3)封狼居胥 赢得仓皇北顾

【解析】

本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。本题内容分别出自《荀子·劝学》、诸葛亮《出师表》和辛弃疾《永遇乐(千古江山)》，其中《荀子·劝学》和《永遇乐(千古江山)》为《普通高中语文课程标准(实验)》建议的诵读篇目;《出师表》为《义务教育语文课程标准》中推荐的背诵篇目。今年的默写与前两年相同，题目延续为“补写出下列句子中的空缺部分”，不再是简单地给出上句或下句要求考生去填写，而是给出了一定的语境，考生须根据语境的要求进行补写。这样做的目的，是让考生能更好地理解要背诵的篇目，在理解的基础上来背诵。

八、(20高考新课标Ⅱ卷)10.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《孟子·鱼我所欲也》中表示，生是我希望得到的，义也是我希望得到的，但“ __________________，__________________”。

(2)李白《蜀道难》中“ __________________，__________________”两句，以感叹的方式收束对蜀道凶险的描写，转入后文对人事的关注。

(3)杜牧《阿房宫赋》中以“__________________，__________________”描写阿房宫宫人的美丽，她们伫立远眺，盼望皇帝临幸。

【答案】(1)二者不可得兼 舍生而取义者也 (2)其险也如此 嗟尔远道之人胡为乎来哉 (3)一肌一容 尽态极妍

【解析】本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。本题内容分为《义务教育语文课程标准》中推荐的背诵篇目。今年的默写与前两年相同，题目延续为“补写出下列句子中的空缺部分”，不再是简单地给出上句或下句要求考生去填写，而是给出了一定的语境，考生须根据语境的要求进行补写。这样做的目的，是让考生能更好地理解要背诵的篇目，在理解的基础上来背诵。

九、(年高考新课标Ⅲ卷)10.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《左传·曹刿论战》中记载，鲁庄公十年，齐国入侵。曹刿求见国君献策，但他的乡人质疑道：__________________，__________________”。

(2)严格地说，浔阳并非绝对没有音乐，只是声音单调繁杂，实在难以入耳。白居易《琵琶行》中“__________________，__________________”两句表达了这样的意思。

(3)赤壁赋》的开阳，苏轼写自己与朋友泛舟赤壁之下，朗诵《诗经·陈风》中的《月出》篇，即文中所谓“__________________，__________________”。

【答案】(1)肉食者谋之，又何间焉?” (2)“岂无山歌与村笛，呕哑嘲哳难为听” (3)“诵明月之诗，歌窈窕之章”。

【解析】本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。此题所选名句均出自初高中课本必修教材背诵篇目，为名篇名句。主要是背诵并理解过关才行。其中第(2)题中的“嘲哳”、第(3)题中的“窈窕”是容易写错的字，难度较之于去年更难一些。答题要能从题干上找到提示语和标点符号，如第(1)题“乡人质疑”和“?”，第(2)题“并非绝对没有音乐”“实在难以入耳”——难听，基本就能判断出要填写的句子。

十、(2017年高考山东卷)15.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《论语·述而》中将“君子”与“小人”的心态进行对比的两句是：“_____________，_____________”

(2)曹操《短歌行》中“_____________，_____________”两句，把贤才比作光照宇内，可望而不可即的明月，表达了对贤才的渴望。

(3)苏轼《念奴娇》(大江东去)中“_____________，_____________”两句，描写了骇浪搏击江岸的壮丽景色。

【答案】(1)君子坦荡荡 小人长戚戚 (2)明明如月 何时可掇(辍) (3)惊涛拍(裂)岸 卷起千堆雪

【解析】本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。本题属于理解性默写，第(1)题“‘君子’与‘小人’心态进行对比”是关键的提示语。第(2)题“把贤才比作光照宇内，可望而不可及的明月，表达了对贤才的渴望”是关键的提示语。第(3)题“骇浪惊涛的壮丽景色”是关键的提示语。还有，不能写错别字，“坦荡荡”“长戚戚”“掇(辍)”等要注意写正确。

十一、(2017年高考天津卷)15.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。

(1)___________________，池鱼思故渊。(陶渊明《归园田居》)

(2)羽扇纶巾，谈笑间，___________________。(苏轼《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》)

(3)外无期功强近之亲，___________________。(李密《陈情表》)

(4)复道行空，__________?(杜牧《阿房宫赋》)

(5)谨庠序之教，___________，颁白者不负戴于道路矣。(孟子《寡人之于国也》)

【答案】(1)羁鸟恋旧林 (2)樯橹灰飞烟灭 (3)内无应门五尺之僮 (4)不霁何虹 (5)申之以孝悌之义

【解析】本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。第(1)题难写的字是“羁”。 第(2)题难写的字是“樯”“橹”。 第(3)题难写的字是“僮”。第(4)题难写的字是“霁”“虹”。 第(5)题难写的字是“悌”。这些比较难写的字，要注意写正确，也不能漏字添字。

十二、(2017年高考浙江卷)23.补写出下列名篇名句的空缺部分。(只选3小题)

(1)饭疏食，饮水， ，乐亦在其中矣。 ，于我如浮云。(《论语》)

(2)且矫诏纷出， ， ，不敢复有株治。(张溥《五人墓碑记》)

(3)女也不爽， 。 ，二三其德。(《诗经·氓》)

(4)青泥何盘盘， 。 ，以手抚膺坐长叹。(李白《蜀道难》)

(5)山远近，路横斜，青旗沽酒有人家。 ， 。(辛弃疾《鹧鸪天》)

【答案】(1)曲肱而枕之 不义而富且贵 (2)钩党之捕遍于天下 卒以吾郡之发愤一击 (3)士贰其行 士也罔极 (4)百步九折萦岩峦 扪参历井仰胁息 (5)城中桃李愁风雨 春在溪头荠菜花

【解析】本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。第(1)题难写的字是“肱”。 第(2)题难写的字是“钩”“愤”。 第(3)题难写的字是“贰”“罔”。第(4)题难写的字是“萦”“ 扪”。 第(5)题难写的字是“溪”“荠”。这些比较难写的字，要注意写正确，也不能漏字添字。

十三、(2016年高考北京卷)18.在横线上填写作品原句。

①陆游在诗中称西村为“小桃源”，使人联想到《桃花源记》，其中有： ， ，有良田美池桑竹之属： ， 。

②追忆往事，是陆游诗歌中常有的内容，如《书愤》 一诗中“ ， ”一联，就是对抗金历史的回忆。

③《西村》是一首律诗，中间两联是对仗的。杜甫《登高》中也有两联是对仗的，请写出其中一联。

， 。

【答案】①土地平旷，屋舍俨然 阡陌交通，鸡犬相闻。②楼船夜雪瓜洲渡 铁马秋风大散关 ③无边落不萧萧下 不尽长江滚滚来 或：万里悲秋常作客 百年多病独登台

【解析】本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。北京卷每年都将名篇名句默写与古代诗歌鉴赏联系起来，这次与鉴赏陆游的诗《西村》结合起来。第①题难写的字“旷”“ 俨”“阡”“陌”。第②题难写的字是“洲”“渡”。第③题难写的字是“萧”“滚”。这些比较难写或容易写错的字，要注意写正确。当然，比较容易写的字也不能写错，默写凡是写错字便不能得分。

十四、(2016年高考江苏卷)12.补写出下列名句名篇中的空缺部分。

(1)朝搴阰之木兰兮，__________________。(屈原《离骚》)

(2)不宜妄自菲薄，_______________，以塞忠谏之路也。(诸葛亮《出师表》)

(3)男女衣着，悉如外人，_____________。并怡然自乐。(陶渊明《桃花源记》)

(4)地崩山摧壮士死，_____________。(李白《蜀道难》)

(5)______________，蓝田日暖玉生烟。(李商隐《锦瑟》)

(6)故国神游，多情应笑我，_____________。(苏轼《念奴娇·赤壁怀古》)

(7)______________，于我如浮云。(论语.述而)

(8)心事浩茫连广宇，_____________。(鲁迅《无题》)

【答案】

(1)夕揽洲之宿莽 (2)引喻失义 (3)黄发垂髫 (4)然后天梯石栈相钩连 (5)沧海月明珠有泪

(6)早生华发 (7)不义而富且贵 (8)于无声处听惊雷

【解析】

本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。这几题比较难写的字和容易写错的字是“揽”“洲”“莽”“髫”“栈”“钩”。这些字要注意写正确。还要注意不能添字漏字。

十五、(2016年高考山东卷)15.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《庄子·逍遥游》描写迁徙南溟的大鹏击水之广、飞升之高的句子是“____________，_________”。

(2)杜甫《登岳阳楼》颔联“________________，____________”，描写了洞庭湖浩瀚壮阔的景色，千古传诵。

(3)李煜《虞美人》词中“_________________?______________”两句，以江水比喻自己的愁绪，抒发亡国之君无尽的痛苦之情。

【答案】

(1)水击三千里 抟扶摇而上者九万里 (2)吴楚东南坼 乾坤日夜浮 (3)问君能有几多愁 恰似一江春水向东流

【解析】

本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。第(1)题由“击水之广、飞升之高”即可确定默写内容;第(2)题由“颔联”“洞庭湖浩瀚壮阔的景色”可确定默写内容;(3)题中由“以江水比喻自己的愁绪”即可确定默写内容。

十六、(2016年高考天津卷)15.补写出下列名篇名句中的空缺部分。

(1)良将劲弩守要害之处， 。(贾谊《过秦论》)

(2)既窈窕以寻壑， 。(陶渊明《归去来兮辞》)

(3) ，下有冲波逆折之回川。(李白《蜀道难》)

(4) ，乾坤日夜浮。(杜甫《登岳阳楼》)

(5)竹杖芒鞋轻胜马，谁怕? 。(苏轼《定**》)

【答案】(1)信臣精卒陈利兵而谁何 (2)亦崎岖而经丘 (3)上有六龙回日之高标(4)吴楚东南坼 (5)一蓑烟雨任平生

【解析】本题考查考生默写常见的名句名篇的能力。能力层级为A级。这几题比较难写或容易写错的字是“崎”“岖”“坼”“蓑”，要注意写正确，不要添字漏字，要与名篇名句一模一样，否则不得分。

【实战演练】

1.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)岑参的《白雪歌送武判官归京>中用浪漫夸张的手法，描绘雪中天地的整体形象，反衬下文的欢乐场面的两句诗是“______________，_____________________”。

(2)《离骚>中与成语“方枘圆凿”意思相似，表达“道不同不相为谋”之感的两句是：“_______，______。”

(3)《诗经.氓》中女主人公与男子在结婚问题上产生分歧后，她先以“_____， ____”两句解释原因，再将婚期定在秋天以平息男子的愤怒。

【答案】瀚海阑干百丈冰 愁云惨淡万里凝 何方圜之能周兮 夫孰异道而相安 匪我愆期 子无良媒

【解析】属于理解性默写，注意选准句子，不要写错别字，重点注意瀚、阑、圜、匪、愆的写法。

2.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分

(1)白居易在《卖炭翁》中描绘了卖炭老人的矛盾心理:“可怜身上衣正单,心忧炭贱愿天寒”,而在他的《观刈麦》一诗中也有表现农民筋疲力尽仍争分夺秒收割庄稼的句子“____, ________”这一“冷”一“热”,异曲同工,传达了诗人对劳动人民的深切同情。

(2)《永遇乐京口北固亭怀古》中，作者对曾在京口起兵的刘裕赞叹不已，”______”句描写他为恢复中原大举北伐时的豪迈气势;刘裕的儿子刘义隆轻率举兵北伐，只落得“ _____”。

(3)荀子认为人的知识、道德、才能是后天不断广泛学习改造获得的。“金”要锋利，需“就砺”;人要改造成为“______”的君子，就要“____”，可见，学习的意义是十分重大的。

【答案】力尽不知热 但惜夏日长 气吞万里如虎 赢得仓皇北顾 知明而行无过 博学而日三省乎己

【解析】(1)中“农民筋疲力尽仍争分夺秒收割庄稼”对应“力尽不知热 ，但惜夏日长”;(2)“北伐时的豪迈气势”对应“气吞万里如虎”，“轻率”对应“赢得仓皇北顾”;(3)注意字形;“知明”“省乎己”。

3.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)孔子在《论语·里仁》中用“_______________，_______________”这两句话提醒人们：要向贤者学习以补自身不足，同时又要以别人的不足为鉴，反省检点自己的言行。

(2)韩愈的《师说》以事实为依据，分析古之圣人益圣的原因是“______________”，今之众人益愚的原因是“_______________”，对比深刻，批评不从师的不良风气。

(3)在白居易的《琵琶行》中，以黄莺鸣叫和泉流遇阻为喻，分别表现音乐流畅和冷涩的句子是“_______________，_______________”。

【答案】见贤思齐焉 见不贤而内自省也 犹且从师而问焉 而耻学于师 间关莺语花底滑 幽咽泉流冰下难

【解析】名句默写分为两大类，一是给出语境的理解性默写，二是给出上句出下句的直接默写。此类试题解答时，默写要注意字形，而字形和字义分不开，学生应借助字义来识别字形。注意重点字的写法，“焉”“省”“莺”“咽”。

4.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)诸葛亮在《出师表》首段中提到蜀国处在危急存亡的时刻,从反面劝诚后主刘婵“_______，______”,以免堵塞臣子们忠言劝谏的道路。

(2)在《逍遥游》对宋荣子的表述中,作者先认同他能认清本心与外物,分清荣誉与耻辱,又赞美他“_________，_________”，最后指出他还是有未能建树的。

(3)教材《离骚》(节选)开篇,先总写心境,然后阐明伤感原由的一句是“__________”。而陶渊明在《归去来兮辞》中写到“实迷途其未远”,其句意则是仿用了《离骚》中“________”一句。

【答案】不宜妄自菲薄 引喻失义 彼其于世 未数数然也 哀民生之多艰 及行迷之未远

【解析】平时要注意记忆、积累。在做题时首先要读懂题干，明确要求。其次要镇定作答，规范写字。此题要注意的易错字有：菲、数、哀。

5.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《荀子·劝学》中,“__________”明确指出蚯蚓能以泥土、地下水为食的原因,“_________”指出了蟹心浮气躁的结果。

(2)屈原《离骚》中“_____________，_____________”两句明确表明了当时社会中人们违背道德准绳,把苟合取悦他人奉为法度。

(3)刘禹锡在《陋室铭》中,借青苔和野草描写陋室环境清幽雅致的两句是“____________，__________”。

【答案】用心一也 非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者 背绳以追曲兮 竞周容以为度 苔痕上阶绿 草色入帘青

【解析】答题时注意不要出现错别字，理解性默写还要注意给出的提示，填准句子。此题属于理解性默写，注意选准句子，不要写错别字，重点注意鳝、竞、苔、帘的写法。

6.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)郦道元《三峡》中侧面烘托三峡山势险峻的句子是：“____，____。”

(2)杜甫《登高》中“____，____”两句从时空角度着笔，将老病孤愁的情感融入雄阔高浑的对句之中，情景交融。

(3)《阿房宫赋》中作者用“____，____”两句给当朝统治者敲响警钟。

【答案】自非亭午夜分 不见曦月 万里悲秋常作客 百年多病独登台 后人哀之而不鉴之 亦使后人而复哀后人也

【解析】默写要注意字形，而字形与字义分不开，学生应借助字义来识记字形。注意重点字的写法。如“曦”“常”“鉴”“哀”要理解字义去记忆。学生记忆的时候应该结合诗句的意思。

7.补写出下列句子;中的空缺部分。

(1)《孟子·生于忧患死于安乐》中“________________，_________________”两句从两方面指出一个国家走向灭亡的原因。

(2)《师说》中认为愚人更加愚笨的愿意是____________________，______________。

(3)辛弃疾《永遇乐•京口北固亭怀古》引用南朝刘义隆急于建立 “_____________” 的功业，便轻率北伐，最终“____________________”的历史典故，告诫当政者吸取教训，不要鲁莽从事。

【答案】(1)入则无法家拂士 出则无敌国外患(者) (2)其下圣人也亦远矣 而耻学于师 (3)封狼居胥 赢得仓皇北顾

【解析】高考所考的名句，字不一定有多复杂，但一定很有迷惑性，所以，学生应借助字义来识记字形。注意重点字，如同音字、形似字、通假字、难写字等字的写法。如“拂”“患”“圣”“师”“封”“狼居胥”“赢”“仓皇”“顾”，理解字义去记忆。

8.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)李煜的《虞美人》一词中用对比手法，反衬出人生无常的句子是________________，________________。

(2)屈原《离骚》中借前代先贤能够坚守正道来勉励自己的句子是________________，________________。

(3)范仲淹《岳阳楼记》中，对月光下的洞庭湖进行细致描摹的诗句是________________，________________。

【答案】(1)雕栏玉砌应犹在 只是朱颜改 (2)伏清白以死直兮 固前圣之所厚 (3)浮光跃金 静影沉璧

【解析】默写要注意字形，而字形和字义分不开，学生应借助字义来识别字形。注意重点字的写法。比如“砌、伏、跃、璧”等字。

9.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分

(1)《诸葛亮集》中有这样的话：“赏不可不平，罚不可不均。”这与《出师表》中的“________，_________”两句意思一样。

(2)庄子在《逍遥游》中列举了真正进入逍遥之境的三类人的至高状态：“________，________”，圣人无名。”

(3)《琵琶行》中的“_________，_________”两句环境描写营造出了一曲虽终，而令人荡气回肠的音乐魅力却萦绕不去的艺术效果，令读者回味。

【答案】陟罚臧否 不宜异同 至人无己 神人无功 东船西舫悄无言 唯见江心秋月白

【解析】重视平时积累，注意分析理解语境和侧重点，借助语境和字义来确定字形，注意关键字和易错字写法，不丢字加字，书写清晰工整，写完要回顾检查。注意“陟”“臧”“异”“功”“舫”“唯”等关键字的写法。

10.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)文人诗心往往相通，陆游曾在某年的“十一月四日”夜阑人静之时“卧听风吹雨”，梦见“铁马冰河”;辛弃疾在《破阵子·为陈同甫赋壮词以寄之》中也曾用“___________，___________”来表达类似情怀。

(2)“赋”体之文多铺采摛文，善用夸张，如杜牧在《阿房宫赋》中以“___________”表现阿房宫的建筑规模宏大，占地极广;以“___________”谴责统治者对搜刮的财物毫不珍惜。

(3)李商隐有着“朦胧、象征”的诗美追求，善用典故是其创作的一大特点，如《锦瑟》中“___________，____________”两句就化用了“鲛人泣珠”和“良玉生烟”的典故。

【答案】醉里挑灯看剑 梦回吹角连营 覆压三百余里 用之如泥沙 沧海月明珠有泪 蓝田日暖玉生烟

【解析】采用的是情景式默写的题型，这类题目解答时一般要注意所给句子的出处及作者，还要注意题干中给出的提示，准确书写出答案。本题要注意下列字词的正确写法：醉、剑、营、覆、沧、蓝。

11.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)刘禹锡的《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》运用典故表达诗人恍如隔世、人事全丰的人生感慨的诗句是:_________________，___________________。

(2)《庄子·逍遥游》运用比喻和夸张手法，直接描写即将展翅南飞的大鹏的后背和羽翼的语句是:_________________，___________________。

(3)辛弃疾的《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》用“_______________，________________ ”两句传神地勾画出了英雄当年驰骋沙场，收拾河山的豪壮场景。

【答案】怀旧空吟闻笛赋 到乡翻似烂柯人 背若泰山 翼若垂天之云 金戈铁马 气吞万里如虎

【解析】本题属于情境型默写题，解题时必须注意语意的提醒，从理解内容方面入手，不要死记硬背。名句默写分为两大类，一是给出语境的理解性默写，二是给出上句出下句的直接默写。此类试题解答时，默写要注意字形，而字形和字义分不开，学生应借助字义来识别字形。注意“赋”“柯”“翼”“戈”的笔画写法。

12.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)孟子在《鱼我所欲也》中阐述“高官厚禄如果不合礼义就不应该接受”这一道理的句子是“______，______”。

(2)《劝学>中，荀子以日常生活为例，阐明学习的意义，即使“_______”，但通过火烤把它加工成车轮，也能做到“_______”。

(3)《蜀道难>中，“_______”一句，运用夸张的手法极言蜀地山峰之高，“_______”一句极言其绝壁之陡险。

【答案】万钟则不辩礼义而受之 万钟于我何加焉 木直中绳 其曲中规 连峰去天不盈尺 枯松倒挂倚绝壁

【解析】答好此类题，平时要重视理解积累，答题时注意分析理解语境和侧重点，且注意字形，不丢字加字。(1)考查的是对“高官厚禄如果不合礼义就不应该接受”的理解，根据语意对译即可。注意“辩”的写法。(2)考查的是对原文语意的分析，“它”是指“木”，第一空后面是转折连词，谈变化，可推知第一空应填写木原来的形态特征，即“木直中绳”，第二空应填写把木加工成车轮的结果，即“其曲中规”。(3)需要关注夸张手法，内容写蜀地山峰之高，绝壁之陡险，关键词有“峰”“壁”，可推知结果。注意“峰”“盈”“倚”的写法。

13.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分

(1)古人非常重视反省。比如《论语•学而》中曾子“ ______________________ ”一句强调要经常反省自身荀子在《劝学》中还用“ _______________”一句进一步强调了反省的重要作用。

(2)苏轼在《念奴娇•赤壁怀古》中从不同方面对周瑜形象进行了刻画。“______________”以婚事衬托其少年得意;“____________________”写其装束,表现他的儒雅风度。

(3)杜牧《阿房宫赋》中的“ ____________________，_____________________”两句,用夸张的手法写出了阿房宫的占地之广、建筑之高。

【答案】(1)吾日三省吾身 则知明而行无过矣 (2)小乔初嫁了 羽扇纶巾 (3)覆压三百余里， 隔离天日

【解析】对于语境型默写，考生应先分析语境，然后再结合具体的语境回顾诗句。默写的时候要注意如下词语：“吾”“知”“嫁”“纶”“覆”“隔”。

14.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)《蜀道难》中，“_______，_______”两句形象生动，描绘了蜀道之上水石激荡，山谷轰鸣的雄奇景象。

(2)在《赤壁赋》中，“_______，_______”两句以比喻和对比手法，形象生动地突出了生命的渺小。

(3)《送东阳马生序》中，宋濂加冠之后，因为“_____”，加之身边没有优秀的学者老师，曾奔赴百里之外，只为“_____”。

【答案】飞湍瀑流争喧豗 砯崖转石万壑雷 寄蜉蝣于天地 渺沧海之一粟 益慕圣贤之道 从乡之先达执经叩问

【解析】对于语境型默写，考生应先分析语境，然后再结合具体的语境回顾诗句。默写的时候要注意如下词语：“豗”“砯”“ 蜉蝣”“沧”“粟”“益”“执”等。

15.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。

(1)孟子在《生于忧患，死于安乐》中反复论证了苦难对人的价值和意义，并深切指出：如果一个国家“__________________，______________________，”就难以避免灭亡的命运。

(2)韩愈在《师说》中通过与古代圣人的谦虚好学对比，来批评当时普通人“______________________，_________________________，”的表现。

(3)辛弃疾在《永遇乐·京口北固亭怀古》中通过“__________________，______________________，”表达了敌占区的百姓已忘记国恨家仇，令人痛心。

【答案】入则无法家拂士 出则无敌国外患者 其下圣人也亦远矣 而耻学于师 佛狸祠下 一片神鸦社鼓

【解析】答题时看清题目要求，本题属于理解性默写，比较简单。写错字或漏字、添字均不能得分。此题默写时需注意以下字词书写：拂、患、佛狸祠、鸦。

篇6：高考写作复习系列之六(高三必修教案设计)

高考写作复习系列之六(人教版高三必修教案设计)

任勇

之一   鲜丽闪亮的作文题目

--作文拟题训练

教学目标：训练作文的拟题原则和技巧

课    型：讲练结合

教    时：两课时

教学过程：

一、知识和技能

（一）鲜丽闪亮题目的特点

鲜丽闪亮要具备标新立异的形式美。形式美是最直观的美，一个在形式上标新立异的题目，是惹人注目的首要条件。

1．体态美观：即在拟题时注重题目的形态美。

①题目中运用间隔号或连接号：例如《母亲?黑土地?小石磨》、《自卑?自负?自强》、《神鞭--母爱》、《对手--榜样》等。

②题目中运用对偶句：例如《立志言为本，修身行乃先》等。

③题目中运用数学公式：例如《“1+1>2”》、《“7-1=0”》、《“1>6”》等以等式或不等式的方式化抽象为浅近，收到了纯语言文字难以达到的特殊表达效果。

④运用留白：即留出艺术空白让读者去思考、填补。例如，《用你的温柔马屁和背影……--写给阿Q同志的信》，其中的空白，以虚映实，藏而不露，但读者又可以根据文意在会意的一笑之中把握主旨。

2．形象活泼：如果说体态美观只体现了题目的“身材”，那么，形象活泼就体现出了题目的气质与性格。就像一个人一样，性格好，气质高雅，往往是惹人喜爱的。形象活泼的题目容易引起人的兴趣，令人好奇地阅读全文。

①运用修辞格。例如运用比喻手法的《诚信，交往的桥梁》、《机遇是一条鱼》、《朋友就是生产力》等；运用反问的《诚信过时了吗》、《“卖狗肉”何必“挂羊头”》等； 运用拟人的《留些诚信给自己取暖》、《粉笔的自述》、《星期天的面孔)等； 运用双关的《生命“诚”可贵》等； 运用夸张的《花瓶能装下春天》等；运用对比的《“小人物”与“大道理”》等； 运用词语回环而意义相反的《防盗门不防盗》(以“门”为话题)。

②套用、加工或改造诗句、歇后语、文章标题、影视片名和歌曲等。改造歇后语的以“清白”为话题的《小葱拌豆腐--一清二白》等；化用诗句的以“诚信”为话题的《若为人生故，诚信不可抛》等； 化用歌词的以诚信为话题的《我诚信，我美丽》等；仿拟名言名句的以“诚信”为话题的《诚以养德，信以修身》(诸葛亮有名句“静以修身，俭以养德”)等； 仿拟文章标题的《“吾”邦惊诧论》等。

3．文采浓郁：“言之无文，行而不远。”文学色彩浓的文章常被视为精品而受人青睐，文采浓郁的题目更是耐人寻味，魅力无穷。

①借助古今中外的诗词、名句、歌词、优美散句等或引用，或套用，或改造等。例如以“月”为话题的借用苏轼《水调歌头》中的词句拟题为《儿女共婵娟》、以“楼”为话题时借用李煜《虞美人》中的词句拟题为《小楼昨夜又春风》，还有像《小荷才露尖尖角》、《一江春水向东流》等；化用诗句的《色彩广告色彩风》等。

②运用各种修辞格。例如用对偶的《小牛顶翻快船，奇才遮住太阳》等。

这类题目不仅具有一定的文学色彩，而且还给人留下回味的空间。

（二）话题作文的拟题技巧

俗话说得好：“佛靠金装，人靠衣装”，作文也靠题装。好的标题能收到引人入胜、先声夺人的效果。

（1）作文拟题的要求

1.标题范围尽量要小，要从自己确立的角度出发不要太大太泛；要合理出新，不要落俗套。如果标题万一太大，可以采用副标题的方式加以限制。

2. 标题不能过长，标题过长则显得松散。

3. 标题要含蓄，把思维蕴涵于形象的标题之中，含蓄能起到言有尽而意无穷的作用，且能加深阅卷老师对文章内容的印象和体会。

4.  拟题时要善于联想。 联想，就是由某人某事或事理推想到与其相关的其他人其他事物或其他事理的思维过程。

（2）作文拟题的原则

1．巧：作文的题目与文章的立意、构思的角度密切相关、相辅相成。巧的立意、巧的构思才会拟出巧的题目，反之亦然。

2．俏：题目如同商品的包装，别出心裁的包装会赢得顾客的青睐，同理，出人意料的题目会让人“一见钟情”。题目新颖别致，会产生一股强劲的吸引力。

（3）作文拟题的方法

1．标新立异  人们一般都是先看了文章的标题再看正文的。文章的标题不好，叫人看了很反感，人们便不再看正文；文章标题一般化，也引不起人们的兴趣。因为标题不好而使读者失去阅读兴趣，那是很冤枉的。 好奇，是人们的共同的心理特点，文章的内容新，文章的标题也要新才行。所以标新立异，应当作为拟定文章标题的一个思路。有位女同学写了一篇内容很好的文章投给一家语文报，内容是她到水笼头那去接水，等着接水的人很多，她就把自己的水桶放到前边去了。一个上幼儿园的小女孩向她提出了批评，见她难为情，便对她说：“大姐姐，你要有急事你就先接水吧，我排在你原来的地方去。”本来很有趣味的文章，她却用了“一件小事”作标题，编辑给她改成《小女孩教育了大姑娘》，使文章增色不少。

2．拙中见巧  我们在日常生活中，常常有这种体验：一个灵巧的人做了一件灵巧的事或做了一个灵巧的动作，我们并不觉得新奇；一个笨手笨脚的人做了一件灵巧的事或做了一个灵巧的动作，我们就会觉得新奇。文章的标题也有这种情况。有时使用一个貌似笨拙的标题反而比使用一个巧妙的标题更能引起人们的注意。这种标题把巧蕴涵在拙里边，拙中见巧，那的确比巧中之巧更见功夫。有位同学作文时写她一位同桌，也没什么新鲜事，一件事是本组做值日时，因为明天开运动会，别的同学都到操场看热闹去了，她的同桌就一个人把教室打扫干净；再一件事是考英语时她的同桌见她有一道题不会作，就把答案写在条子上递给她，她却不看。这些小事本没有什么，可是她在标题上动了脑筋，她避开了《我佩服的一个人》等一般化的标题，也避开了《闪光的心灵》等带些艺术性的标题，选择了一个貌似笨拙的标题--《傻同桌》，这个“傻”字用得真好，不但表现出同桌的好品德，也表现出自己对同桌的挚爱。

3．平中见奇  就像在一群花枝招展的姑娘当中那位全身缟素的姑娘反而更引人注目一样，在众多奇绝的标题之中平实的标题反而更加显眼。有一位同学参加作文竞赛，写的是她的三世同堂的大家庭和睦相处的事，重点写来自不同家庭的妯娌们互相团结、尊长爱幼的情况。她给自己的文章拟了一个平实的标题--《婶儿们》，在比赛中获奖。除了文章内容之外，不能不说和标题有一定的关系。

4．引起悬念  有的文章的标题，把文章的主题全盘揭示出来，有时用另一种拟定标题的方法--引起悬念，也能收到极好的效果。标题中只提出论题而不写出结论；标题中只写出所记人物而事迹不详；标题中只露某事端倪而成败利钝未卜，这样就会引起读者的悬念，迫切希望知道下文。 根据有些地方男女同学不能正常交往这一情况，某家语文小报编发了三篇文章：一篇是通过一次平垫臭水沟的义务劳动，男女同学互相帮助，臭水沟也平了，男女同学之间的鸿沟也平了，标题是《沟平了》；一篇是通过一次班级篮球赛，打破了男女同学的界限，标题是《越过“三八线”》；另一篇是一位班主任经过三思，终于不再阻止男女同学在一起跳舞，自己也加入了青年友谊圆舞的行列，标题是《舞曲又响了》。这三篇文章的标题都起到了引起读者悬念的作用。

5．运用修辞法

[1]  对比式， 例如：生于忧患，死于安乐。得道多助，失道寡助。有一位考生以由对比组成的选择问句 “我是天才，还是笨蛋？----假如记忆可以移植 ”为题，对比鲜明，富有吸引力。

[2]  比喻式，  有一考生拟题“人生也是一张答卷”，该考生把人生比成一张答卷，并以“选择题、填空题 判断题和问答题”分述，最后点明“在人生这张大考卷上，答案看似丰富多彩，但要交出一份满意的答卷，远非想象中那么简单”，新颖独特。

[3]  夸张， 以“挫折  ”为话题--《那个障碍粉碎了我》

[4]  反问， 高考，“假如记忆可以移植”--《我是谁？》

[5]  设问， 以“效率”为话题--《我今天做了什么？》

[6]  借代， 以“关注生活”为话题--《倾听自己的心跳》，“心跳 ”指代某次独特的自身经历。

[7]  对偶， 以“环保”为话题--《 一头白发，满山青葱》

[8]  拟人， 以“树”为话题--《树的“叹息”》。以环保为话题--《地 球就诊记》

[9]  呼告， 以“书”为话题--《别了，漫画书！》。以“关注生活 ”为话题--《给生活加点苦吧！》

[10]  引用诗句，  “假如记忆可以移植”--《前不见古人，后不见来者》

--陈子昂《登幽洲台歌》，表示对移植记忆的困惑。

其它还有：

倒装式： 《回来吧！妈妈》。

顶真式：《人贵有志，志在奋斗》。

仿词式：《战胜脆弱，从心做起》。

矛盾式：《死海不死》等等。

数学式： 采用数学的形式作标题，借以昭示所要表达的主旨，具有直观、醒目、富有哲理、吸引人等特点，往往收到出奇制胜之效。    例如： 数学中的恒等式  [“勤劳×高科技＝致富”]  不等式 [成绩≠素质]  荒谬式  [99＋1= 0]  其中  “99”代表合格产品率，“1” 代表不合格率，文题通过这种荒谬的计算式，揭示了质量意识的重要性。

拟题求新，可用的方法远不止这些，这些仅仅是“题海”中的浪花，只要你细心采撷，一定会使你的“脸部”光彩照人。

二、练习

阅读下面一段短文，按要求作文。（《高考总复习金版专辑》P36）

据《中国绿色报》6月4日报道，专家们发现，生长在准葛尔盆地的200多种短命植物能明显降低当地沙尘暴发生的频率和强度。

据介绍，新疆准葛尔盆地里的短命植物每年4月发芽，短短两个月后便命丧荒漠。而它生长的这段日子正是沙尘暴肆虐之时。这些植物一般高20至30厘米，个别的可以长到1.5米高，它们当中除野生郁金香等已被人所识别外，大多数至今仍鲜为人知。这类短命植物的身影只出现在新疆北部的荒漠。

读了这则报道你有什么感悟，请以你的感悟为话题，可以写你的经历、体验、感受、看法，也可以编故事、寓言等。

要求：①立意自定；②文体自选；③题目自拟；④不少于800字。

（一）命题练习   给上面作文拟5--10个鲜丽闪亮的题目。

（二）整文训练

在你所拟定的题目中找一个写成完整的作文。

【提示】这道题是今年的新题预测，它只提供了材料，要求以读了材料后的感悟为话题，感情可以是五花八门，所以此题更加开放，但对阅读理解能力提出了更高的要求。

写作时，先要仔细观察，得到恰当的感悟。从短命植物本身，我们可以得出以下感悟：小生命大能耐；短命的东西真的短命吗？不要轻视小生命；渺小与伟大等。如果从人类的角度看可以得到以下感悟：认知无止境；向科研要生态；人类要善待那些不起眼的“小朋友”等。

之二 “凤头”和“豹尾”

--作文的开头和结尾训练

教学目标：训练作文的开头和结尾技巧

课    型：讲练结合

教    时：两课时

教学过程：

一、巧开“凤头”

应试写作，也是时间的竞赛。必须争分夺秒，“下笔千言，倚马可待”。在正确审题立意的前提下，下笔要快，时间容不得在动笔之前反反复复思量怎样开头，所以，学会一些好的开头方法，以备应试时迅速择优而用，是十分必要的。

什么样的开头是好的开头呢？

元代乔梦符说，文章的开头要像“凤头”。这种说法形象地说出好的开头应具备的两个特点--短小、漂亮。短小，便于让读者了解论点或论题，从而把握全文主旨；漂亮，才能吸引读者。正如明代谢榛所说“起句当如爆竹，骤响易彻。”爆竹之起爆，何等干脆利落！不可拖泥带水，拖沓冗长。爆竹是吸引人的，把人的注意力一下子吸引过去，好的文章开头，也应如此。

那么，好的开头究竟有哪些标准呢？

第一，要明。

好的开头，要一下子让读者知道你要说什么，也就是让读者了解你的论点或论题。白居易说：“首句标其目”，主张开宗明义。李涂在《文章精义》里说：“文字起句发意最好。”总之，要让读者知道你在谈哪方面的问题，开篇知其旨意。

第二，要美。

只有美，才能达到吸引读者的目的。文章开头的美，主要指技巧美，如“设悬念”、“用典故”、“引名言”、“摆问题”、“亮靶子”、“反弹法”等等。形式美是内容美的保证，二者相辅相成。切不可低估文章开头形式美、技巧美的作用，有了这种美，才能先声夺人，吸引人看你的文章。在这个意义上说，“好的开头是成功的一半。”

第三，要简。

简洁是明朗的保证。有的考生在写给材料作文时，好把原材料复述一下，这就太罗嗦了。既要从原材料说起，又不能复述原材料，怎么办？办法有两个：一个是对原材料“一言以蔽之”；另一个是选取原材料中一句有代表性的话，让读者知道原材料大致是个什么意思就行了，千万不要较多地引述原材料。

高考作文开头集锦

文章开头的方法很多，在近几年的高考作文和平时训练中，涌现了许多绝妙的开头，现略加归纳，以供大家备考时参考。

1．巧设题记

题记具有意蕴丰厚p语言精美等特点，巧设题记可以开宗明义，可以创设情境，也可以展露才情，它能一下子拨动阅卷者的心弦，使阅卷者对你的文章顿生好感，所以不失为使自己的文章生色的一个妙招。题记的拟定，可以引用名人名言p睿智心语，也可以有感而发，自行雕琢。但无论采取何种方式，都必须做到：①暗合文旨；②意味深长；③富有文采。

2．引名句，起点高远

（1）“问世间情为何物，直教人生死相许”。元好问的确好问，也很会问。他这一问可谓一问问千古。多少年来，有多少人在这个问题上徘徊，又有多少人在付出巨大代价后作出了人生最终的答案。但各家之言却如每个人的脸一样，各不相同。                (《问世间情为何物》)

（2）古人云：“仁者乐山，知者乐水。”乐山之挺拔峻秀，乐水之轻盈灵动。无怪乎一条青溪会引来诸如李白杜甫的驻足凝视，会令众多得志或不得志的文人骚客甘愿在此了却一生，不原再“误入尘网中”。             （《水的联想》）

2.借书信，平中见奇

（1）尊敬的孔子老爷爷:

你好!我是你的一个普通子孙，相隔数千年后斗胆写信打扰你，不仅为了向你致上崇敬的问候，而且怀着几个难解的问题急待你的指教。    (《给孔子的一封信》)

（2）可恶的标准答案:

看到你，我实在是义愤填膺。所以，在愤怒火焰的驱使下，我写了这封信来声讨你。答案本是丰富多彩的，可是你却偏偏要戴上“标准”这顶帽子。要知道，就因为“标准”二字，发生了无数的悲剧。  (《给“标准答案”的一封信》)

3. 作排比，造势磅礴

(1)种子冲破岩层的禁锢，迎向光明；雄鹰穿过风暴的阻遏，飞向云霄；骏马突破级绳的束缚，奔驰原野；海燕则冲向更猛烈的暴风雨。

（《摆脱束缚》）

（2）盈盈月光，我掬一杯最清的；落落余辉，我拥一缕最暖的；灼灼红叶，我拾一片最热的；美美芳草，我摘一束最灿的；茫茫人海，我要选择哪一种最符合我性情的人生？   （《心灵归属何方》）

4．趣拟人，别开生面

(1) 你这跳跃的精灵，欢快地奔跑着，从远方缓缓地流过来，带着无尽的故事，流入我的脑海，哦，水啊，我看到了，看到了你曾经的过去。

（《水的联想》）

(2) 春风来了，蒲公英妈妈便放开了孩子的手，让它们随着风儿去寻找自己的生存之地。这么一粒种子，离开了母亲之后，毅然地去选择适于自己生长的土地。它随着风儿来到了一个花圃，“这里争芳斗艳的太多，我不喜欢。”它逃似的走开了。

（《一粒种子》）

5．巧设问，发人深思

如：是什么，来得悄无声息，走得不留痕迹，却激起所有色彩的轻舞飞扬？ 是什么，走得不留痕迹，来得悄无声息，可留下穿越一季的倾情歌唱？是什么，轻轻地来了，又悄悄地走了，在收获的季节留下飘垂的金黄？是什么，悄悄地 走了，又轻轻地来了，为沉寂的大地纺出洁白的梦想？：

哲人对着蓝天微笑：“是时间。” 孩童握着风筝拍手：“是风。”’  流浪者说：“什么都不是，只是一个梦。”          （《拥有答案的幸福》）

6．用对偶，严谨整齐

（1）鸟在飞，云在走，天地自悠悠；风在吹，人在走，彼岸响风铃。有一种美丽，叫目不胜收，有一种感觉，叫做妙不可言；有一种幸福叫有你相伴，共击长空，尽显风采。 （《响起，彼岸的风铃》）

(2)活着真叫累，有人这么感慨。 活着真叫苦，有人这么喟叹。活着真的轻松快乐，我却喜欢这样对生活箢结。是我的累颜比别人少吗？不是，因为我的胸襟之中盈盈地充满了四个字：清点生活。                              （《清点生活》）

7．巧博喻，形象开阔

(1)诚信如春天第一缕阳光，令人向往，敞开胸怀去接受；如夏天的一块西瓜，含在口中，甜到心里；如秋天远方飘来的一片火红的枫叶，勾起无限牵挂；如冬天漫天飘飞的雪花，永远那么纯洁。            （《诚信--永远的绿卡》）

(2)在刚刚启蒙的孩童眼里，零是一轮金灿灿的太阳，是热乎乎的鸡蛋，是一朵盛开的向日葵，是一颗圆形的巧克力，是妈妈炸的香喷喷的甜圈，也或许仅仅是一个圆圈……    （《零的断想》）

8．用呼告，亲切动人

如：一个千年的回音：“逝者如斯夫！不舍昼夜。”道出了你柔而不弱的品质。一个沉痛的叹息：“沧浪之水清兮，可以濯吾缨；沧浪之水浊兮可以濯吾足。”绘出了你高雅的性情。 （《水的联想》）

9.合用修辞，美不胜收

（1）如果说成功是一个征程，那么路旁的荆棘乱石只是它的点缀，繁花似锦的'山谷才是它的栖息地；如果说成功是一个四季轮回，那么酷夏的炙烤只是它的外表，累累硕果的秋季才是它的意境。潜力无言，它又该牵扯出一轮怎样灿烂的朝阳？

（《潜力无言》）

（2）无垠的天空，是雄鹰一生的行程； 苍茫的大地，是流水一生的路程； 流逝的岁月，是人的一生的旅程。 斗转星移，日落日升，花开花落，时间飞逝，我们背着行囊，永远行走在这没有尽头的旅途中，为了追逐明天的太阳，完成今日的愿望，实现昨日的梦想，拥有美好的未来，我们默默地坚守着一个信念：永不停息。      （《倒掉疲惫》）

另外，巧开头也可以像下面这样概括：

1．开门见山法。就是直截了当的落笔扣题，总领全篇，纲举目张。

2．景物描写开头法。用景物描写可渲染气氛，推动情节发展；可以铺垫情节，导出下文。

3．诗词、歌词、格言等引用开头法。

4．抒情式开头法。这种开头的语言常常抒发某种感情、或赞美、或悲痛、或激动、或欢乐……在抒情过程中，也常常运用许多修辞手法。

文章的开头写法是多种多样的，巧写作文开头，因人而异，因篇而异，在实际的作文中，究竟该怎样的开头，要从文章整体构思出发，要从中心思想出发，去选择最恰当的开头，让自己的作文踏上成功的第一步。

二、响续“豹尾”

凤头展彩，豹尾余响。是说有了一个出彩引人的开头，必然要有一个响亮有力的结尾与之相般配,文章才更精美。但有的考生往往不注意结尾，少那么一两句点睛之笔或关键性语句，可能使文章显得无力甚至导致残篇。如若结尾精彩，它将给人留下美好的回忆，深刻的印象。古人也说过：“好的结尾，有如咀嚼干果，品尝香茗，令人回味再三。”既是“豹尾”，它就要求结尾简练、生动、恰到好处。不管什么方法结尾，都应该简洁明了，如果长篇大论，就会冲淡正文，喧宾夺主，给读者以“画蛇添足”之感，文章的感染力就大大削弱了。

1．总结式结尾（卒章显志式）： 这种结尾方式，就是在文章结束时，以全文的内容为依托，运用简洁的语言，把主题思想明确地表达出来，或者在全文即将煞尾时，把写作意旨交待清楚，所以这种结尾方法又称“画龙点晴式”。

例如：山东高考佳作《常留一扇门》这样结尾：“双赢”是一种智慧，让短处和长处在碰撞中撞击出诱人的火花。“双赢”是一种智慧，让优点在融合中奏响成功，成就你的国家和民族。而你需要做的只是常留一扇门……

2．照应式结尾：即结尾与文题遥相呼应,或与开头相照应，以达到收拢全篇，突出主题的作用。

例如：20山东高考佳作《别人的风景你的梦》结尾这样写到：记着，只有你装饰了别人的风景，别人才会装饰你的梦；你若想要别人来装饰你的梦，那么你要学会去装饰别人的风景。因为，这世界，本就是和谐的一体，双赢的存在。（照应开头所引用的卞之琳《断桥》诗：你站在桥上看风景／看风景的人在桥上看你／明月装饰了你的窗子／你装饰了别人的梦）。

3．赞美式结尾（抒情式结尾）：即结尾采用直接抒情的方式，表达作者的情感，从而引起读者的共鸣，使读者从中受到感染，受到教育。

例如：年四川高考佳作《永远的苏武》结尾使用抒情赞美式这样写到：壮哉，那永远的苏武！伟哉，那震撼人心的忘记！奇哉，那惊天动地的铭记！雄哉，那一段忘记与铭记的千载颂歌！啊，我们永远的苏武！

4．希望式结尾：即结尾通过提出希望，表明自己的观点、态度。同时希望读者按照提出的想法去做。但这种希望往往是积极向上的。

例如：2005年高考佳作《该忘记的与该铭记的》的结尾：“让我们忘记该忘记的，铭记该铭记的吧！这是时代赋予我们的神圣使命。”（这是寄希望与我们明辨什么该忘记，什么该铭记）。

5．引用式结尾：名人名言，诗词歌赋，俗语谚语，往往具有很强的哲理意韵和启示作用。

例如：2005年北京高考佳作《安于心》的结尾引用了鲁克斯的话：鲁克斯说：“我们永远关在圈内，永远在一个圈内打转”。如若在圈内能心安，绝不会给理智放假。（这是进一步升华了主旨，照应了开头的席慕容的诗句及对其的诠释）。

6．无奈式结尾：即在结尾对自己的表现、社会的现象、心中的理想表现出无奈的情绪。

例如：2005年甘肃高考佳作《米卢与孔明》结尾也是表现出无奈的情绪。结尾这样写到：为何千年的文化积淀却让我们越发的功利与短浅？为何我们在现代社会里沐浴着文明，却在心中滋长着狭隘？米卢与孔明，我们的对待又为何如此不公？我们是否也应该重新审视，怎样对待忘记与铭记？（这一连串的发问让我们感到的是一种无奈。同时也引起我们的反思，使我们警醒）。

7．哲理式结尾：即在结尾用富含哲理的语句，总结全文，升华主题，并给人以启发。

例如：2005年河南高考佳作《爱心永驻三幕剧》的结尾是这样的：蜜蜂在帮助花朵传粉的同时，也从中得了酿造蜂蜜的原料；雨水在滋润大地的同时，也使自己摆脱乌云的束缚；我们在奉献爱心的同时，也使自己的心灵净化并从中得到快乐！（作者在文中叙述了三幕剧情都是意料之外却又在情理之中的哲理故事后，用富含哲理的语句告诉人们一个“助人也能助己”的道理，升华了主题）。

8．警示式结尾。即在结尾对过去存在的问题发出警示，告诫读者不要重蹈前人的覆辙。

例如：2005年湖南高考佳作《“先走后跑”之政治篇》的结尾：“知古可以鉴今。希望我们现在的统治者，在行政的时候，要先走后跑，千万不要重蹈‘先跑后走’的覆辙。”  （就运用警示式结尾，掷地有声）。

另外还有：名言警句式  抒情议论式  发问结尾法  展望未来结尾法等

总之，文章的结尾的方式很多，只要我们掌握一定的方法，并多读一些精彩的结尾，就一定会悟出一些规律，写出精彩的文章来。

二、练习

阅读下面一段材料，按要求作文（《高考总复习金版专辑》P37）

一天，美国海军前总司令麦肯锡将军去探望他的军校同学马歇尔将军，马歇尔此时已是陆军总司令。过去有麦肯锡说：“你知道我的海军一直被公认是全世界最勇敢的部队。我希望你的陆军也一样。”马歇尔当然不甘示弱，表示他的部队也是全世界最勇敢的。麦肯锡就问他有没有办法证实一下。马歇尔随便喊住一个路过的士兵，指着不远处一辆开动的坦克命令道：“你给我过去，用身体拦住那辆坦克！”“你疯了吗？”士兵大叫，“我才不那么傻呢。”说完撒腿跑开了。马歇尔满意地对他的老同学说：“看见了吧，只有最勇敢的士兵才会这样同将军说话。”

读完这则材料，你想些什么呢？你认为这位陆军士兵是否“勇敢”呢？请以“勇敢”为话题写一篇文章，可以写你的经历、体验、感受、看法和信念，也可以编写敌事、寓言，等等。所写内容必须在“勇敢”的范围之内。

（一）给上面一个话题作文拟写出3组开头和结尾

（二）整文训练

在你所拟定的开头结尾中找一组写成完整的作文。

篇7：高三语文复习第17讲：语言表达得体(高三必修教案设计)

高三语文复习第17讲：语言表达得体(人教版高三必修教案设计)

李青云

得体，它的词语含义是指言语、行动等恰如其分。语言表达的得体是指根据交际的语境使用语言，也就是根据交际的外部语境（各种情境条件）、内部语境（上下文）选用恰当的语句来表情达意。有人通俗地说，所谓得体就是根据需要说相应的话。这是很有道理的。

得体，是语言表达的基本要求，也是最高要求。它牵涉的问题很多，这里仅从中学生的实际出发，作简要说明。

一、注意各种情景条件

这情景条件，主要是指下列三点：

1．交际场合

交际的场合包括时间、地点、人物、氛围等。这里主要说氛围。交际的场合各种各样，有喜庆、哀伤之分，有庄重、轻松之别，等等。在这种情况下，语言表达要与环境气氛相协调。在喜庆的场合谈令人伤感的话，在庄重的氛围中“搞笑”，都是不得体的。

2．交际对象

交际对象有性别、年龄、身份、经历、文化背景等具体因素。在运用语言作文交际时，应该切合实际。俗话说，到什么山唱什么歌，看什么说什么话。摒弃处世圆滑这一点，从语言表达上说，肯定是必要的。譬如，曾经有少先队员到冰心家中向老人献花，问：“冰心奶奶，你今年多大了？”孩子天真、幼稚，这样问情有可原，如果年龄大一点的，按照一般习惯，应该这样问：“奶奶，您高寿？”或用其他说法，否则不得体。注意交际对象，首先应尊重对方。

3．交际目的

交际目的不同，即使说同样的内容，说话的角度、重点等应有所不同。譬如老师劝学生读读书，如果对方不想读书，老师要帮助分析原因，说明读书的重要；如果对方很用功，但效果不好，老师应在学习方法上作指导；如果对方文理关系处理不当，老师应该着重谈全面打好基础，为将来的发展作好准备。如果老师不根据对方的实际确实谈话的重点，只泛泛地说一通，你愿意听吗？

此外，还要注意自己的身份等。

例1：把下面句子的内容放在A、B两种不同的语言环境中转述。

要求：①不变更原意；②人物、人称表述准确；③时间、地点交代清楚合理。

小李对小王说：“我明天上午不去语文组找郭老师了，请告诉老师一声。再帮我问问，后天晚上去她家里找她行不行？”

A．当天下午，小王在交门口对郭老师的女儿姗姗说到这件事。

小王说：

B．第二天一大早，小王跑到语文组把这件事告诉郭老师本人。

小王说：

这是一道高考试题，从中可以看出“得体”的一些基本要求。小李请小王转达自己的意向目的明确，明间、地点、人物、事件说得清清楚楚，话也说得“客气”，包含着尊重小王的意思，也就是说是得体的。小王怎么转述呢？需要根据条件，时间不同，一是“当天下午”，一是“第二天一大早”；地点也不同，一是“校门口”，一是“语文组”；对象也不同，一是郭老师的女儿，一是郭老师本人。只有说话的目的相同。因此小王在及情境下应该这样说：“（珊珊），小李他（或她）明天上午不到语文组找你妈妈了，请转告一声；他还问后天晚上去你家找她行不行？”在及条件下，小王应该这样说：“郭老师，小李说他（或她）今天上午不来找您了，问明天晚上去您家找您行不行？”因为同郭老师说话就在语文组，所以不要点出地点“语文组”。小王这两次“转述”都是“得体”的。

二、遣词用语应注意的问题

1．正确使用谦词和敬词

汉语中不少词是有明显的倾向性，有的用于自谦，称为谦词；有的用于对他人表示敬意，称为敬词，这一类词语要正确使用，否则会闹出笑话。

传说的常用敬词有“贵”（如贵校、贵公司）、“大”（如大作，用于称对方的作品），“高”（如高见）、“尊”（如尊姓大名）、“拜”（如拜托）、“赐”（如赐教，请别人指教）、“雅正”（如雅正，请对方指正）、“惠”（如惠顾）等。

在交谈中，用“家父”、“家母”、“舍弟”等，这是用“家”、“舍”来谦称自己的父母、弟妹，而不能用它来称他人的父母兄弟。称别人的父母兄弟“令”表敬重，如称别人的父母为“令尊”、“令堂”，称别人的儿女可用“令郎”、“令爱”。与上文所举数词相对的，如称自己的作品为“拙作”，称自己的看法为“鄙见”、“愚见”、“浅见”等。

有些词语谦、敬的倾向似不太明显，但它是客观存在，也应留意。如“鼎力支持”中的“鼎力”用于对他人的帮助表示感谢，而不能用于说自己对别人的帮助。又如“略尽绵薄”，用于年长者的自谦，也是不能随意使用的。

2，遣词用语要尊重对方

人与人之间在人格上是平等的，遣词用语也应该体现这一点。譬如第25题要求

改写提示语，使之“亲切友善”，就包含着这样的要求。原来的提示语“禁止喧哗，不许打闹”意思自然是对的，但他反映出说话人居高临下，盛气凌人的特点，因为会使人不易接受，甚至产生反感。

例2：阅读下面一份请柬，指出用语不得体的毛病并修改。

请   柬

×××老师：

您好！

我校定于10月20日下午3时在校图书馆报告厅举行语文教学改革研讨会，请您做好准备，务必准时出席。

此致

敬礼

××中学校长办公室

209月25日

这份请柬有三处不得体的毛病：①“您好”，在请柬中是多余的，应该删去；②“请您做好准备”，看起来很客气，实际上包含着不尊重的意味，从请柬的写作看，它也是多余的，应该删去；③“务必”是居高临下，命令式的用语，也应该改。这②③两处，可以改为“敬请光临指导”。

3．遣词用语要注意分寸

无论谦、敬、褒、贬，都应注意分寸，恰如其分。有个成语叫“过犹不及”，说过头话或者不到位都会让人感到不诚恳，不得体。

例3：某县教育局丁局长在欢迎著名的语文特级教师×××的大会上致辞说：“×老师是现代伟大的语文改革家，是我们崇敬的导师和偶像，我代表全县人民十分虔诚地欢迎他的到来……”×老师听了很不自在，在答谢辞中说：“我们语文教师，最讲究分寸，刚才丁局长的讲话就缺乏点分寸……”在场的语文老师都议论纷纷。

丁局长的欢迎词确实让人“不自在”，让人“议论纷纷”，因为他的讲话太缺少分寸。其一，评价过头，“现代伟大的语文改革家”中应删去“现代伟大”；其二，态度不当，“偶像”应删去；其三，心情不当，“虔诚”应改为“热忱”或“热烈”，再看×老师的讲话。他指责东道主“说话缺乏点分寸”，也不得体，可改为“我才疏学浅，只是在语文教学改革方面作了一点探索。今天能有机会来贵县与各位领导和同行作交流，感到很荣幸。”

三、典型题分析

1．由于目的不同，对同一事物的说明也应有所不同。根据下面的要求，分别写两段话来说明文具盒（铅笔盒）。

目的（一）：为找回自己的文具盒。

目的（二）：向别人介绍、推荐自己用的这种文具盒。

这是一个世纪90年代较早的一道高考试题。说话要根据“目的”说相应的话。“为找回自己的文具盒”而写的一段文字，从本质上说，就是为别人为你服务提供方便，因此要着重介绍文具盒的特点，如大小、颜色、质地以及里面具有标志性的物品，以便拾到的人及时交给你。向别人“介绍、推荐”这种文具盒，就带有一定的广告性质，主要是介绍它的质量、功用及其他优点，以引起人们的兴趣。否则就不得体。

2．根据下面说明，完成后面两题。

“育人财会职业高中”为及早安排本校毕业生的工作，在报上登了一则启事，标题是“育人财会职业高中预聘毕业生。”该标题意思表达得不准确。请分别按以下两项要求对该标题进行修改。（修改后要符合刊登启事的本意，学校全称不得改动）

（1）保留“预聘”一词，不超过15字

□□□□□□□□□□□□□□□

（2）不用“预聘”一词，不超过13字。

□□□□□□□□□□□□□

这也是一道高考题，考查的是根据“目的”选用恰当的词语的能力。该校长报上登启事的目的是“为了及早安排本校毕业生工作”，而标题中的“预聘”显然表达目的相违，因为“预聘”是用人单位的行为，所以必须修改。参考答案：（1）育人财会职业高中毕业生欢迎预聘；（2）育人财会职业高中毕业生求聘（职）。

3．下面是周华同学给博物馆金馆长写的一张便条，其中有些词用得不得体，请你帮他修改。

金馆长：

您约我今天下午去贵处谈我班同学光临贵馆参观一事，因我有急事，现决定改期。具体改在何时，别行蹉商。

周华   5月18日

要求：

找出并改正用得不得体的词，写入下表，有几个写几个。

不得体的词

改      正

本题考查根据交际对象，交际语体做到语言得体的能力。便条应是用通俗的口语写的应用文字；本便条是一名同学写给博物馆长的，根据这两点作判断，“光临”不得体。这是一个敬词，它不应该用在“我班同学”身上，应改用“到、去”。“决定”用得主观、生硬、没礼貌、不得体；再从上下文看，“改期”是被迫的，所以应改为“不得不”、“只好”、“只能”之类。“蹉商”属政论语体的词语，用于庄重的场合，这里应改为口语的'“商量”或“商议”、“商定”等。

4．下面是某校准备张贴在大门口的一份通知稿，有三处必须修改，写出这三处的序号。

各位来宾、各位校友：

a今天是我校建校50周年的大喜日子，b感谢大家能在百忙中莅临参加。C为了校庆活动的顺利进行，d各位务必先到接待处签名，e然后领取纪念册。f10点钟到礼堂参加庆祝大会。g会后欢迎您在母校参观。

××中学校庆会务组             ×月×日

答：          、            、             。

这是高考上海卷的一道试题，主要考查遣词用语得体的能力。答案是b、d、g。

b句“莅临”，来临，有表尊敬之意，但“参加”与之重复，应删去“参加”。d句“务必”不得体，有命令，强调意味，应删去。g句的“母校”只能就“校友”而言，不包括“来宾 ”，应改为“学校”，以适“来宾”、“”校友，这些不同身份的人。

四、练习与答案

1．李勇和王强是多年的同学，王强的父亲在图书馆工作。李勇写信向王强的父亲借一本杂志。下面是信的正文部分，其中有四处不得体或不明确。请把它们找出来，并作修改。

我虽然没有见过你，但我和你的儿子是多年的同学，今有一事相求。高考在即，我急需《××月刊》第二期，不知你单位是否有这本杂志。如果有，请设法帮我借到；如果没有，请抽空告诉我，以免误事。

（1）                        应改为

（2）                        应改为

（3）                        应改为

（4）                        应改为

2．某公司经理张毅遗失一张支票，被某厂工人小王拾到并送回。张毅去致谢，但小王不在，便写下留言条。这张留言条有几处词语必须删改。请找出来并作删改。

小王同志：

你好。丢失支票，事关重大①，使我寝食不安②，公司上下③，焦急万分。多亏你高风亮节④，及时送回⑤。今天，我于百忙之中⑥，专程⑦来致谢意，不巧未能见面，实在遗憾⑧。我由衷地感谢你，并希望你能再接再厉⑨。略备薄礼⑩，聊表谢意○11，万勿推辞。

×公司经理○12    张毅

4月5月

答：必须删改的有（只写序号）：

修改办法：

3．下面是某同学在一次讨论会上的发言摘要，有几处用语不得体，把它们找出来并加以改正（有几处写几处）

刚才刘老师的一番话真是抛砖引玉，使我深受教育。我们是跨世纪的青年人，祖国建设的重任将落在我们肩上。像刘老师这样快要退休的老师仍在为培养我们而略尽绵薄，难道我们倒可以对学习不负责任？我殷切期望平时抄作业、考试作弊的同学赶快改正错误，不要再自欺欺人了。

（1）                        应改为

（2）                        应改为

（3）                        应改为

4．一名读者到新华书店去买书，下边是他和营业员的对话：

读  者：请问有没有《现代汉语词典》卖？

营业员：卖完了。（1）

读  者：本市哪家书店可能有？

营业员：不知道。（2）

读  者：贵店什么时候能到货？

营业员：不知道。（3）

营业员的三次回答既简明又如实，但读者不仅感到扫兴，而且心中不是滋味。试为营业员的回答换一种说法，使读者有亲切感和心理满足感，但不能改变原意

（1）改为：

（2）改为：

（3）改为：

5．王老师刚退休，就收到张伟的来信。信写得有真情实意，但在表达上有一些不得体的毛病。下面是信中的一段，请把三处毛病找出来并加以修改。

老师，此时此刻，多少往事历历在目。课堂上你循循善诱，悉心指导，开启我们心灵的窗户；生活中，您精心呵护，无所不至，提供我们成长的沃土。如今，您离我而去，在我心中您的音容宛在。我一定牢记您的教导，发奋学习，争取早日成才。

（1）                        应改为

（2）                        应改为

（3）                        应改为

6．说话要注意自己的身份和对象，用语得体，才会有好效果。根据下面的材料，按要求写出恰当的话。（每句话不少于30字）

青年工人小王经常请假不参加车间的技术培训，理由是要在家当“陪读”--陪儿子小刚复习功课，做家庭作业，否则会考试不及格。

（1）如果你是小王的车间主任，就这件事你将对小王怎样说？

答：

（2）如果你是小刚的班主任，知道这个情况后，你将对小王说一点什么？

答：

附：答案及简析

1．（1）我和你儿子     我和王强

（2）《××月刊》第二期   《××月刊》×年第二期

（3）请抽空告诉我   请让王强告诉我

（4）以免误事  删去（前两处不明确，后两处不得体）

2．①④⑥⑨○12 ①是多余的话，应删去；④过头话，不得体，可删去；⑥不得体，有抬高自己之嫌，应删去“于百忙之中”；⑨不得体，有居高临下之嫌，应删去“并希望……”这一句。○12这样表明身份，不得体，应删去“经理”二字。

3．（1）“抛砖引玉”→金玉良言  （2）“略尽绵薄”→不遗余力（竭尽全力）

（3）殷切期望→衷心希望（“抛砖引玉”是自谦之词，用在这里明褒实贬；“略尽绵薄”是自谦之词，用以评价老师，不得体；“殷切期望”多用于上对下、长对幼）

4．①刚卖完，你早一点来就好了。②对不起，这我可说不准（或：我来帮你联系一下。）③眼前还没有消息，书一到我就通知你，好吗？（营业员三个“不知道”，冷冰冰的。所给答案只是举例）

5．（1）无所不至→无微不至  （2）离我而去→退休在家  （3）音容宛在→形象平凡而高大（“无所不至”明褒实贬；“离我而去”会令人想到去世；“音容宛在”用于逝者）

6．（1）做父母的固然要关心孩子学习，但不能以放弃自己的事业为代价。 （2）要培养孩子独立学习的习惯，依赖是孩子成长的绊脚石，陪读弊多利少。（车间主任是领导，应对小王启发教育；班主任是教育工作者，谈问题自然应从教育孩子的角度出发）

篇8：高考写作复习系列之总起复习动员(高三必修教案设计)

高考写作复习系列之总起（复习动员）(人教版高三必修教案设计)

任勇

【前言】高三语文总复习到了，写作复习必然是其中的重点内容之一，可我发觉还有不少的同学对写作仍是一片茫然，他们还是不明白自己为什么要写作、什么才是真正意义上的写作、究竟该怎样才能写出好文章。于是我就想找个适当的机会让他们重新温习一下有关写作的总体知识，从理性的层面来审视和安排今后的写作复习。可是我又怕把它上成纯理论课会让学生感到枯燥生烦。正在此时我教了《红楼梦》单元的一篇课文《香菱学诗》，发觉那里面有曹雪芹借小说故事阐明的一些诗歌理论，觉得它对学生复习写作是大有启迪的，因此我就把“香菱学诗”和《考试大纲》上对写作的要求结合在一起设计了这堂课，把它作为高考写作复习的总起，让学生既不觉得枯燥，又能学到写作复习的相关知识，从而明白写作复习的方法和主要内容，明确考纲要求，写出优秀作文。这也算是对教材内容的重新组合和深层挖掘的一次尝试吧。

教学目标：1．从课文内容延伸到写作复习，拓展教材知识；

2．从“香菱学诗”的过程中探索写作复

习的方法和主要内容，；

教学重点：让学生明确《考试大纲》中对写作的具体要求

教学难点：学生对对好文章的认识

教    时： 一课时

教学过程：

一、导入

【本节课目标解说】我们已经开始复习写作了，可是我发觉到现在为止都还有不少同学对写作的目的、要求、流程等还是不大清楚，也不知道什么才是真正意义上的写作，应该怎样去复习。因此我们有必要从理性的层面上对这些问题进行重新认识，为后面的复习扫清认识障碍。刚好我们前不久才学过《香菱学诗》，那里面有曹雪芹借小说故事阐明的一些学诗理论，我觉得它对大家复习写作是大有启迪的，因此这节课我们就来把“香菱学诗”和《考试大纲》中对写作的要求结合在一起上一堂写作复习课，目的是让大家从中探索写作复习的方法和主要内容，明确考纲要求，从而更加清醒地展开写作复习。

二、整体感知

1．先请同学们把所发资料（附于后）浏览一遍，联系课文内容，重点看“复习写作”的“方法”和“主要内容”部分，还要注意“香菱学诗”的精神和态度。

2．然后由教师带领学生一起简单回顾课文主要内容，引出新的教学内容（可不讲，学生自己看）。

三、新课讲授

从香菱学诗的启示中我给大家概括出了复习写作的一般方法可以是：温、读、悟、练四步（也可以根据自己的认识另外概括），下面我们就来逐步分析和理解。

（一）温，即温故知新、温习之意

1．温习什么？

主要温习我们学过的有关写作的一些基本知识，其中包括：

（1）写作目的：与人交流，表达感情，记录事件等等。

（2）写作要求--《考试大纲》中的要求是：

（见《走向高考学生用书》P419）

①基础等级：符合题意；符合文体要求；思想健康，感情真挚；内容充实，中心明确；语言通顺，结构完整；书写规范，标点正确。

②发展等级：立意深刻；材料丰富；有文采；有创新。（也可概括为：审题准确，眼光独到；构思精巧，引人入胜；立意深远而有新意；选材丰富且具典型性；语言精彩蕴含深意；真情实意个性突出）。

（3）文体：记叙文、说明文、议论文及其它实用文体。

（4）写作结构：开头（凤头）、主体（猪肚）、结尾（豹尾）、过渡、照应等

（5）写作流程：审题-立意-构思-选材-行文-修改等。

2．怎么温习？

（1）自己通过阅读、练习等途径从感性到理性地慢慢掌握；

（2）听老师讲析或其它途径。

（二）读

1．读什么？

平时该读的书籍有：（1）经典的课文；（2）唐诗、宋词、元曲、古今著名散文等古代经典诗文；（3）优秀的作文；（4）古今中外精美的文学作品（如中国古典小说四大名著、鲁讯、巴金、余秋里、巴尔扎克等名家名作）及其它作品。现在是复习，就应该选择更精华的书籍去读，争取读有所得。

2．怎么读？

（1）课文要精读，像黛玉要香菱读王维的诗那样，要在老师的指点下“细心揣摩透熟”，并作好读书笔记，认真揣摩。复习中还是要读课文。

（2）李白、杜甫等人的唐诗及宋词、元曲、古今著名散文要多读，熟记。复习中只能尽量多读多记了，即使不能多记全篇，至少也应多记名句。

（3）优秀作文也要细心读，因为那是和大家同龄的人写的文章，他们的经历、思想、感情等和大家是相似、相通的，读他们的文章可引起大家的共鸣，从中学到自己没有的东西。复习中要注意分类、精读，不能漫无目的地乱读。

（4）很多文学作品大家可以作为略读的材料，主要是从中学到一些好的写作技巧、积累大量的写作素材，但不能整天沉迷于小说和课外读物之中，不分上课下课地看，这样就不好了。同时大家还要注意读文学作品主要应从语文的角度去读，而不能只是片面地追求刺激感官的情节而忘记了其它。复习中更要注意这些。

3．读的`目的

（1）吸取营养，学习技巧；（2）积累素材，开拓视野。

（三）悟

1．悟什么？

主要是在读的过程中领悟别人文章的“好”，从而让自己的文章也能好起来。

什么是好文章？这是一个仁者见仁，智者见智的话题，就正如“一千个读者就有一千个哈姆雷特”一样。但这也绝不是说，好文章就没有一个评价标准了。

（1）作为学生作文来说，只要能达到《考试大纲》中的要求，就应该算是比较好的文章了。再换一种说法，好文章应体现以下一些特点：

写出自己的见识、写出自己的博学、写出自己的情感、写出高尚的境界、写出独特的角度、写出精巧的构思、写出自己的特长和个性、写出自己的创新，写出文采等。

（2）对于一些文学作品来说，我比较赞同贾平凹在《孙犁论》中对孙犁作品作评价时的观点，他说“好文章好在不觉得它是文章”。那它是什么呢？我的认为是：好文章不是故意做出来的，而是作者真情的自然流露，是他生命的外化，是分人格的体现。他所写的就是发生在你（读者）身边的事、是你想说的话、是你想抒的情，他帮你写了出来，这种文章不靠技巧取胜，靠的是生动形象的人物、场景来感染人和真实诚挚的情意打动人。这种文章不仅完全体现了上面的一些优点，而且是自然天成的，是平淡直接的，它就像一杯白开水，无色无味，但却十分珍贵。它没有故意雕琢的痕迹，没有华丽的词藻。读这种能打动读者心灵的好文章就像在炎热的夏天喝了杯冰水那样惬意，就像在寒冷的冬天坐到火炉旁一样暖和，像手刃仇敌一样畅快，像远大理想终于实现一样心满意足……读这种文章我们可以真切地感受到是在和作者共呼吸、同命运，它能让你深受感动。如朱自清的《背影》是平淡朴素的，却真切感人，读来让人不由得潸然泪下。

（3）有些文章虽有华丽的词藻、寓意深远的典故，但它太高深莫测，让人实在不好读懂，甚至有可能让人越读越糊涂。这不能算作是好文章。

（4）总之，好文章讲究的是以情动人，以理服人，不是靠华丽的外表去迷惑人，也不是靠强权去压制人。

（5）当然，好文章也可以还有其它取胜的地方，这里就不一一讲述了。

2．怎么悟？

俗话说：“书读百遍，其意自见”，要想知道一篇文章好不好，好在哪里，就必须去认真地读，在读的过程中结合你学到的写作知识去分析和衡量它的优劣，当然更主要的还是要调动你的思维，去联想、想象，真正用心地进入到别人的作品中去才能真正感悟到别人文章的好来。

（四）练

一练基本功

从写作最基本的知识和技能入手进行训练，主要练习审题、立意、构思、选材、结构、行文、修改，遣词造句、通顺流畅，修辞、语法书写等。要多观察、多读书、多思考、多练笔。当然，如果有些基本功你已掌握得比较好了，在复习中就可以少花一点功夫。

二练提高

待作文写作有了一定的功底之后就须练习作文的提高了，这里主要指的是对各种技法进一步的练习，如开头、结尾技法，审题技法，如何才能写出真情实意等等。

三练个性和创新

我们最终要写出新颖独特有个性的文章，就像香菱写的第三首诗一样，做到用语含蓄典雅，立意新奇别致。

请大家注意：复习中，我们既要练基本功，但

更要练提高和创新，这是考试作文得高分的关键。我们后面将要专项训练。

四、 “香菱学诗”给我们的启示

1．要有志向；2．培养兴趣；3．充满真情；4．主动学习；5．勤学好问；

6．专心致志；7．勤于实践；8．反复练习；9．不怕失败；10．总启示：天下无难事  只怕有心人．写作复习也是如此，只要努力，同样会成功的。

五、总结

总的说来，高考写作复习可以采用以上四种方法，也许这不是最好的，甚至是不太准确的，又因为内容较多，所以不太深入，有些肤浅，但它至少能说明一定的问题，可以启迪大家去举一反三地复习写作。大家只要明白了写作的真正含义，便可以做到明明白白地写作，为下一步的复习指明方向。我们后面就将从基本功、提高、创新三个阶段去进行细致地复习。

六、作业

给自己制定一个高考写作复习计划（从方法、内容、态度、将达到的效果等方面写）。

附：写作复习教学计划：

1．写作复习的一般方法和主要内容（总起）

2．高考话题作文的审题和立意

3．积累和选择材料

4．巧妙的构思

5．辩证思维是高考作文的灵魂

6．主要技法训练

7．个性和创新

“香菱学诗”和写作复习

香菱学诗 文中原话 精神态度 写作复习启  示

方法 主要内容 方法 主要内容

学 诗的基本原理：

（结构、格调、规矩、平仄、虚实等） “格调规矩竟是末事，只要词句新奇为上。”

“词句究竟还是末事，第一立意要紧。” 第一段就有五个“笑”字

（全文有十五个“笑”字）

快乐、兴趣 温 写作的目的、要求、结构（开头、过渡、结尾） 、文体、流程 （审题、立意、构思、选材、行文、修改）等。

温故而知新 1．要有志向

2．培养兴趣

3．充满真情

4．主动学习

5．勤学好问

6．专心致志

7．勤于实践

8．反复练习

9．不怕失败

10．

天下无难事

只怕有心人

读 王维、杜甫、李白等人的诗 “细心揣摩透熟”王维，接着“读”老杜、李白，再“看”其他的。 诸事不顾，只向灯下一首一首的读起来。

苦心 专心 读 经典的课文，

优秀的作文，

精美的文学作品等。

吸取营养

积累素材

悟 领略滋味

诗的好处 “据我看来，诗的好处，有口里说不出来的意思，想去却是逼真的。有似乎无理的，想去竟是有情有理的。”（香菱） “逼”黛玉换杜律、“央”二人出题

主动学习悟 什么是好文章：

①学生作文：

达到《考试大纲》的要求。

②其它文章：

“好文章好在不觉得它是文章”（贾平凹）

……

练 一练 “茶饭无心，坐卧不定” 专心 练 一练基本功：审题、立意、构思、思维等

二练 “这个人定要疯了” 入迷 二练提高

三练 “可真是诗魔了”“忽于梦中得了八句” 痴迷

入梦 三练创新：写出新颖独特有个性有文采的文章

成         功

篇9：届高考一轮复习必修4第3单元练习英语试卷解析版

一、单项填空

―What if he failed in the next monthly examination again

― I don’t know. ______ heart and be reduced _____ the class

A. Will he lose; not to attending

B. Did he lose; to not attending

C. Had he lost; not to attending

D. Would he lose; to not attending

--- Your sister _________ almost all her spare time to studying when she was in high school.

--- That’s right, or she _________ great success in the College Entrance Examination.

A. devoted; wouldn’t have achieved

B. spent; wouldn’t have achieved

C. devoted; hadn’t achieved

D. hadn’t spent; couldn’t achieve

―Did you attend the opening ceremony of The Voice of China last week

―Sorry! We ________ it, but we had a terrible traffic accident on our way.

A. must have attended B. must attend

C. could have attended D. could attend

二、书面表达

假如你是李华，在丹麦访学的'一周里，住在Anne家里，现在即将回国。请你给她写一封感谢信，要点如下：

1. 简述你的丹麦之行; 2. 感谢她为你所做的一切; 3. 向她发出邀请。

参考词汇：Denmark 丹麦

注意：1. 适当增加情节，以使行文连贯；

2. 词数100 字左右。

Dear Anne,

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________

All the best wishes.

Yours

Li Hua

篇10：高三一轮复习教学案：模块4 Unit 3 Tomorrow(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修四学案设计)

一、重点词组归纳：

1. a science fiction novel 一部科幻小说

2.with the development of science and technology 随着科学和技术的发展

3.a tourist destination in the future 未来的游客目的地

4.go on a virtual trip to Africa 去非洲的模拟旅行

5.be better than 比…更好

6.be set in 以…为背景

7. a sense of achievement 一种成就感

8.to enable the viewers to see a world of 3D animation 使观众能看到三维动画世界

9. in the direction of Shanghai 朝上海方向

10.pass the sense of touch on to the fingertips via thousands of sensors

通过几千个传感器把触觉传递到指尖

11.be connected to the computer system 与电脑系统相连

13.provide teenagers with another way to experience the world

给青少年提供了另一体验世界的方法

14.play the role of the captain 扮演了船长的角色

15.score the winning goal 进了决胜的一球

16.sign one’s name 签名

17.put forward an argument 提出一个论点

18 my–ninety-year-old grandfather 我的九十岁的祖父

19. a burning building 一座着火的楼房

20. provide a fantastic opportunity for the film-making industry

给电影制造业提供了极好的机会

21.leave sb with a deep impression 给某人留下了深刻的印象

22.play an important role in 在….方面起着重要的作用

23. the growing popularity of the Internet 越来越受欢迎的英特王

24.druing the first few fears在头几年里

25. make a profit 盈利

26.end in failure 以失败而告终

27.encourage many other people to start online business 鼓励许多其他人创办网 络事业

28. give sb the opportunity to use the most up-to-date hardware

给人们机会使用最新的硬盘

29. keep in touch with 与…保持联系

30. a power-free fridge 无需用电的冰箱

31. manage to keep fruit and vegetables fresh for three weeks.成功地把蔬菜和水果保持三

周

32. help reduce the amount of rubbish帮助减

少垃圾量

33.last but not least 最后一点但不是不重要的

34.on display 在展览

35. be of great benefit to people 对人们很有益

36. be bored with/be tired of /be fed up with 对…厌倦

37. be situated /located in /on 位于

38. be accused of piracy 被指控盗版

39.voice one’s opinions 表达某人的意见

40. a type of writing based on fantasy and imagination 一种根据幻想和相像的写作

41.be widely recognized as the father of Chinese science fiction.被公认为中国的科幻之父

42. three young and inexperienced people trapped in lost spaceship 三个被困在失踪飞船里的没经验的年轻人

42. travel at a speed os 40,000 kilometers per second以每秒40,000公里的速度行驶

二、经典句子背诵

1.Imagine the viewer is a character in an interactive film set in the Himalayas.

2.Upon reaching the top of the mountain, a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement will be experienced.

3.An argument has been put forward that some viewers will be disappointed by RealCine.

4.Climbing Mount Qomolangma left me with a deep impression.

5.Mr Bezos thought that his efforts would end in failure.

6.These new technologies will be on display throughout the week At Tech Expo.

7.Scared and cold, the Time Traveller starts back towards the present.

8.Project Hope in China has enabled thousands of poor children to go back to school.

9. In the Olympic Games, Chinese athletes won over 50 gold medals, ranking first in the medals table.

三、重点归纳

1.set

set在英语中是一个很活跃的词,可以与一些介词和副词构成不同的词组。

I told her to set the dishes on the table. 我叫她把碟子放到桌上。

It was the old man who set the ladder against the wall. 是那位老人把梯子靠在墙上。

set意为 “使处于某种状态(位置)

I've set everything in order.我已使一切就绪。

Do you know what has set the dog barking? 你知道什么使那只狗叫起来了?

常用短语：

set an example to... 为......树立榜样

set about doing sth 着手做某事

set fire to 放火烧 be set free 释放 set up a club / a new school

set a trap for 为......设陷阱 set sail for Hongkong 航去香港

This film is set in London in the early 19th century . 这部影片以19世纪初期伦敦为背景。

【练一练】

1) They will set off for Paris next week. 动身去巴黎。

2) They will set out at dawn. 在拂晓出发。

3）Once I realized what was wrong, I set about correcting it. 着手纠正。

4）It is difficult for us to set up a school within a month. 我们在一个月内很难建立一所学校。

5）A slight push set the old man falling down on the bus. 使老人倒下。

2．deliver

delivered the criminal to the police. 把罪犯交给警察

deliver the mail / newspaper 投递邮件 / 送报纸

deliver a lecture. 发表演讲

delivered twins 生了一对双胞胎

【练一练】

He delivered an important report at the meeting. 他在会上作了重要报告。

The youngman used tomake a living by delivering newspapers every morning.

那个年轻人过去以每天早上送报纸为生。

3. burn vt. vi

The sun burns bright in the sky. 太阳在天空明亮地照耀着。

Dry wood burns easily. 干柴易燃。

The whole city was burned to the ground. 整座城市都被烧光了。

The soup was so hot that it burned my mouth. 这汤很热,以致烫伤了我的嘴。

The girl left the office with all the lights burning / on. 所有的灯亮着，女孩离开了办公室。

【练一练】

I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (07全国卷)

A. burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt

Don’t forget you can still get ______ when you are swimming.

A.burning B. burnt C. being burnt D. to be burnt

4.impress impression n. impressive adj.

impress… on sb. 把…印于…

impresssb.with sth. 使某人铭记某事

be impressed with/by 为…所感动

have / leave / make an impression on sb.

Have a good impression on sb.

have the impression that… 有…印象

【练一练】

1) I was very impressed by his story. 他的故事深深打动了我。

2) My father impressed on me the importance of hard work.我父亲要我牢记努力工作的重要性。

3) The new teacher made a good impression on the students.新教师给学生留下了一个好印象。

4) I have the impression that I've seen that man before. 我觉得我以前见过那个人。

5) The actor ______us greatly with his wonderful performance and excellent English

A.moved B.interested C.impressed D.touched

5. announce / declare

declare 意为“宣称”，表示有信心地、正式地公开讲明某事，如公开宣布战争、和平、中立、意见等 。

如：The court declared him guilty .

Soon Germany declared war on France. 不久德国对法宣战 (不用 announce)

announce 意为“宣布”，不及 declare 正式，尤其将有益之事公之于众，如消息或新闻等。如： They announced the date of their wedding in the newspaper.

他们在报上宣布了他们的结婚日期。

It was announced that there would be a celebration on Sunday

【练一练】

He sent a telegram ______his immediate return to London.

A. announced B.announcing C.declaring D.declared

6.accuse vt.

be accused of = be charged with 指控

【练一练】

He accused his boss of having broken his word. 他指责老板不守信。

He was accused of murder. 有人指控他谋杀。

The professor has been ________ of stealing his students’ idea and ________ them.

A.accused; published B.acccused; publishing

C.accusing; publishing D.accusing; published

7.voice / sound / noise 的区别

voice是嗓音，用于人时，指说话、歌唱或发笑的声音，也可指发言权。

Please speak in a louder voice. 请大声说。

It’s high time we should voice our opinion. 是我们说出自己观点的时候了。

in one’s / voice

at the top of one’s voice

lose one’s voice

sound泛指任何声音，不论其高低、是否悦耳等。如：

Light travels faster than sound. 光比声音传播得快。

noise表示“噪音、喧闹”，指的是人们不愿听到的声音或嘈杂声。它可以作可数名词，也可以用作不可数名词。如：

I heard some strange noises last night. 昨夜我听见一些奇怪的响声。

【练一练】 用voice / sound / noise填空

1）I heard the sound of running water nearby.

2）Stop making so much noise, otherwise the neighbour will start complaining.

3）The old man was having a sound sleep when suddenly a man broke into the house.

4）He cried for help at the top of his voice and soon his neighbour came to his help.

5）Just voice your opinion if you don’t agree with what I said.

6) After a hard journey, the lost child returned home safe and sound.

7) The little boy kept crying for two hours and finally lost his voice.

四、词性转换：

1.propose（建议）--proposal n. 2.interacte-(互动) ---- intrractive adj.

3.able ----enable v. 4.impress ---impression n. --- impressive adj.

5.announce ----- announcement n.

6.exhibit ---- exhibition n. 7.responsible --- responsibility

8.employ --- employment n. 9.popular --- popularity n.

10.south ---- southern adj. 11.experienced ---- inexperienced （反义）

12.safe --- safely adv. ---safety n.

Unit 3 Module 4 基础检测

一、句式变化

1.The headsets are designed to enable the viewers to see a world of 3D animation (三维动画)。

The headsets are so designed as to make a world of 3D animation available to the viewers.

2. He seemed very confident during the interview, but in reality he was quite nervous.

He seemed to have great self-confidence when interviewed, but actually he felt very nervous.

3.It is high time that we should take effective measures to prevent this.

It is high time that we took effective measures to prevent this.

4.The inexperienced teachers are supposed to go abroad for further study.

Those who lack experience in teaching should go to foreign countries for further study.

5.The club will help you learn more about computers and offer you the chance to use the most up-to-date hardware.

The club will keep you well informed of computers and offer you the chance to use the latest

hardware.

6.During the first few years the company didn’t make a profit and all his efforts ended in failure.

During the first few years the company didn’t make a profit and all his efforts were in vain.

7.An engineer from Jiangsu Province will be responsible for the project.

An engineer from Jiangsu Province will be in charge of the project.

8.I spent the whole day repairing the broken computer.

It took me the whole day to fix the broken computer.

二、选择填空：

1.---Who was the man talking to the general manager in the hall yesterday?

---A man himself a popular singer．

A．being called B．calls C．called D．calling

2.Upon hearing that I had been admitted into Qinghua University I jumped with _____.

A.thrill B.fright C.surprise D.terror

3. Mary smiled _____________ her mother did when she was Mary’s age.

A. as if B. what C. the way D. that

4.You may borrow the book, _________you don’t lend it to anyone else.

A. in good condition B.on no condition

C.on condition that D.in no condition

5.After the meeting, I _______ to write a report on our next term’s work.

A.set about B.set out C.set off D.set up

6.The interviewee _____ the manager with both his knowledge and his attitude.

A.impressed B.provided C.aided D.moved.

7.Follow your doctor’s advice, _______your cough will get worse.

A.or B.and C.then D.so

8.-Mike , I can’t start the car 学科网

-Let me have a look ! Oh , there _____ be something wrong with the engine 学科网

A．must B．shall C．can D．will 学科网

9．It is believed, according to some experts, that any new film filled with violence and sex won’t ________ for children.

A. do B. fit C. prepare D. suit

10．Now Linda was driving by the houses ________ her grandfather had described many times . A．which B．when C．whom D．where 学科网

11. ，most teenagers now listen to rock music．However, John prefers classical music．

A．In a word B．In general C．In particular D．In total

12.－Jack _______ taken to the hospital immediately.

－________, but all efforts made no difference.

A. ought to have been ; So he was B. ought to be ; So he ought to

C. ought to have been ; So he did D. ought to be ; So he was

13. The law requires governments to increase investment in public transport, which is now in poor condition, __________ services and encourage people to use public transport.

A. improve B. to improve C. improving D. having improved

14. ---I think the internet is playing an important role in our present life. Don't you thins so?

---Yes. .

A．Great minds think alike B．Facts speak louder than words

C．Two heads are better than one D．Talking mends no holes

15. It was not who is right but what is right, we all think, that __________. Which of the

following is not right?

A. counts B. matters C. accounts D. is of importance

16. -- The fridge I ______ in town yesterday works well again.

-- Thanks to the repairman, it saves you a sum of money for a new one.

A. repaired B. had repaired C. has repaired D. had had repaired

17. --Do you have any problems if you _______this job?

---Well, I’m thinking about the salary.

A. offer B. will offer C. are offered D. will be offered

18. As it turned out to be a small birthday party, you _________ so formally.

A. needn’t dress up B. did not need have dressed up

C. did not need to dress up D. needn’t have dressed up

19. It was four o’clock in the afternoon _______ they got to the station.

A. that B. since C. when D. until

20. ---Will you be _________ this evening, Mary?

---That depends. I am afraid I will be with my manager together discussing a plan.

A. convenient B. suitable C. available D. efficient

21. A large proportion of rural work force is now serving in different lines in the city, ______

leaving the old and the children in nearly empty nestles (家).

A. then B. and C. so D. thus

22. Toys of the children today hardly bear any resemblance to ______ of ______ when we were

little kids.

A. that, ours B. those, us C. that, us D. those, ours

23. Tom couldn’t see there was any point in ____ they had been investigating, so he dropped out.

A. which B. where C. what D. that

24. --- Jack has spent an hour in the shoe shop. Hasn’t he decided which pair of shoes to buy?

--- Maybe. Young as he is, he is __________ about his appearance.

A. special B. curious C. particular D. serious

25. --- What happen ed to you on your way back to the hotel last Saturday ?

--- I lost my way in complete darkness , and ________things worse, it began to pour.

A. making B. to make C. having made D. made

26．The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ____ it is.

A．what B．which C．how D．where

27．Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _____sight matters more than hearing.

A．when B．whose C．which D．where

28.Great changes have taken place in the museum. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago,

_____ it was poorly equipped.

A.what; which B.that; which C.what; when D.which; that

三、汉译英

1．明天是否去野餐取决于天气。（depend on）

Whether we’ll go for a picnic tomorrow depends on the weather.

2． 为了梦想成真，很多学生现在都全身心地投入到高考准备中。

To realize their dreams, many students devote themselves to making preparations for the entrance examinations.

3. 所有的观众都被那部电影深深打动。毫无疑问它给我们留下了不可磨灭（everlasting）的印象。

All the audience were deeply touched by this film and there was no doubt that it left us with an everlasting impression.

4. 现在是你刻苦学习的时候了。否则你会后悔你今天所做的一切。

It’s high time you work hard at your lessons, otherwise you will regret what you have done today.

5. 学校图书馆给学生提供各种各样的图书，目的是使学生在课余时间通过广泛阅读拓宽他们的视野。

The school library provides the students with various kinds of books, the purpose of which is to enable the students to widen their horizons by reading widely in their spare time.

6. 大多数学生赞同每半个月回家休息的提议。

Most of the students are in favour of the proposal that the students should go home for a rest every half month.

7. 随着科技的迅猛发展，很多过去人们认为不可能的事都已变成现实。

With the rapid development of science and technology, many things people thought impossible in the past have become realities.

8. 你如果想掌握某一个词的用法，对你来说最好的方法就是在真实语境中使用它。

If you want to master the use of a certain word, the best way for you is to use it in real language situation.

默写单词和短语 Unit 3 Module 4

1.现实 2.特别的

3.人物 4.疲劳，疲惫

5.使能够 6.监控，监视

7.经，由 8.传感器

9.传送，传递 10.世界闻名的

11.决赛 12.欣喜若狂的

13.除…以外 14.战斗

15.机会 16.行业;工业

17.给…留下印象 18.投资

19.展品 20.announcement

21.liquid 22.resposibility

23.employ 24.popularity

25.bankrupt 26.rescue

27.fade 28.editor

1. 随着科学和技术的发展

2. 以…为背景

3. 一种成就感

8. 朝上海方向

9. 与电脑系统相连

10. 给青少年提供了另一体验世界的方法

11. 扮演了船长的角色

12. 进了决胜的一球

13 签名

14. 提出一个论点

15 我的九十岁的祖父

16. 一座着火的楼房

17. 给电影制造业提供了极好的机会

18. 给某人留下了深刻的印象

19. 盈利

20.以失败而告终

21. 鼓励许多其他人创办网络事业

22.无需用电的冰箱

23.成功地把蔬菜和水果保持三周

24. 最后一点但不是不重的

25. 在展览

26.对人们很有益

27. 对…厌倦

28. 被指控盗版

29. 表达某人的意见

30. 以每秒40,000公里的速度行驶

篇11：牛津高中英语届高考一轮复习教案 （模块3）(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修三教案教学设计)

Module 3 Unit 1

新课标单词

sense n. 感觉；感官；意义；

vt. 感觉到

fog n. 雾

truth n. 事实；真理

observe vt. 观察；注意到；观察到

rest n. 其他；其余

glance vi & n 瞥，扫视

nowhere adv. 无处，到处都不

footstep n. 脚步声；脚步

deserted adj. 空无一人的；被离弃的

sight n. 视野；视力；视觉

in sight看得到。在视力范围之内

rough adj. 粗糙的

brush vt. 轻擦，轻拂，掠过

beat vi. （心脏）跳动

fear n & vt 害怕，恐惧

soft adj （声音轻的），轻柔的

still adj 静止的，不动的

darkness n 黑暗

second n 秒，片刻

stare vi 凝视，盯着看

step n 台阶

firmly adv 坚定地，牢牢地

helper n 帮助者

rare adj 稀有的，罕见的

pay back报答；偿还（债款）

freeze vt & vi （使）僵住，呆住

confidently adv. 自信地

personally adv 亲信，当面

smell n 气味，嗅觉

reduce vt 减轻；减少

volunteer n 志愿者

experiment n 实验，试验

sniff vt 嗅，闻

unpleasant adj 令人不快的

related adj 相关的，有联系的

change n 变化

date n （datum的复数）数据

add vt 补充说，补充，添加

link vt & vi 联系；相关联；连接

overall adj 总体的，全部的

stressed adj 紧张的，感到有压力的

blood n 血，血液

misuse vt 误用，滥用

everyday adj 日常的，每天的

television n 电视

touch n 触觉；接触

vt 触摸；

ignore vt 影视

deeply adv 深，沉，深深地

ache vi & n 疼痛

snowstorm n 暴风雪

destination n 目的地

impossible adj 不可能的

sweat vi 出汗，流汗

n 汗，汗水

sudden adj 突然的

muscle n 肌肉

temporarily adv 临时地，暂时地

fly vt 空运

treatment n 治疗，处理，对待

hopefully adv 有希望地

accept vt 接受，接纳

method n 方法

tap n & vi 轻拍

display n 展品

whisper vt & vi 低声说，耳语，

n 耳语

type n 型号；类型

great white shark 大白鲨

movie n <美>电影

fierce adj 凶猛的，强悍的

chance n 可能性，几率，机会

drawn vt & vi 溺死，淹死

latter adj （两者中）后者的

n （两者中）后者

likely adj 可能的

deadly adj 致命的

wound n 伤口，创伤

vt 使受伤

distance n 距离

jewellery n 珠宝

shiny adj 发亮的，光亮的

avoid vt 避开，避免

water sports水上运动

tip n 建议

panic vi & n 惊慌，恐慌

stick vt 将……刺入

lightning n 闪电

课文出现短语

1. as well

2. sign language

3. even if

4. make great achievements

5. at lunchtime

6. step into

7. glance at

8. set off

9. beat with fear

10. wish for

11. be off

12. pay back

13. get across

14. have… in common

15. follow one’s advise

16. overall health

17. rather than

18. sleep deeply

19. make one’s way to

20. get close to

21. move on

22. lose sight of

23. sweat with fear

24. manage to do sth

25. in the distance

26. work out a plan

27. be grateful to

28. in the near future

29. compared to

30. be known as

31. in sight

32. reach out

33. be frozen with

34. be related to

35. be linked to

36. make sense

37. make the most of

38. can’t help (doing)

39. warm up

40. be responsible for

41. all of a sudden

42. ring out

43. make progress

44. bang into

45. feed on

46. pay back

47. stare (up) at

48. watch out for

一．单词应用

根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。

1. As Polly o_________ the passengers on the train, she sensed that she was being watched by a tall man in a dark coat.

2. When Polly got to the station entrance, it was d___________.

3. ... but by the time she r__________ the corner of the street, the footsteps were gone.

4. She could feel her heart b__________ with fear.

5. A few seconds later, a hand reached out and t___________ her arm.

6. Polly found herself s___________ (盯着看) up at a man standing with his hand r_________（靠）on her arm.

7. You see, a fog this bad is r_________. It gives me the c___________ to pay back the help that people give me when it’s sunny.

8. If anyone knows this kind man, please contact me through the newspaper so I can thank him p_____________.

9. The possibility that pleasant smells might r_________ pain has recently been suggested by new research.

10. During the experiment, volunteers were asked to sniff pleasant smells such as vanilla, and u_____________ smells such as durians.

11. One explanation is that women’s sense of smell developed long ago, and is l________ to recognizing the smell of babies.

12. One reason why we become s_____________ and have high blood pressure is that we misuse our senses in our everyday life.

13. I felt so tired that I couldn’t help wondering whether or not I could get to my d________.

14. The fact was that now I was f__________ by fear, not by cold.

15. In the distance I could see thunder and l______________ coming.

16. Liu Weihai was a____________ by a wild animal three months while leading a group of tourists in the mountains, and lost his left hand.

17. Sharks do not f________ on humans if they have the choice.

18. However, there’re still two other sharks which are ___________ (凶猛的).

19. Do not wear bright clothing or jewellery because sharks are a___________ to colors and shiny objects.

20. If a shark attacks you, s_________ your finger in the shark’s eye.

二．句型转换

1. deserted (adj.) → (v.)

2. observe (v.) → (n.) (adj.)

3. stressed (adj.) → (n./vt.)

4. confidently (adv.) → (n.) → (adj.)

5. reduce (v.) → (n.) → (adj.)

6. accept (v.) → (n.) → (adj.)

7. truth (n.) → (adj.) → (adv.)

8. related (adj.) → (v.) → (n.) → (n.)

9. deeply (adv.) → (adj.) → (n.) → (vt.)

10. deadly (adj.) → (adj.) → (n.) → (v.)

三．用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下列句子。

ring out, warm up, make one’s way, make the most of, be related to, be frozen with, take turns, bang into, feed on,

1. All of a sudden, I heard a loud noise ____________ through the cold air.

2. I thought that I needed a hot cup of soup to ________ me _____ and give me some energy.

3. I had been out in the snow for three hours and I couldn’t feel my hands. So I ____________ slowly back to the research camp.

4. Scientists say that ______________________ our senses when we are young ca nkeep us healthy later on in life.

5. Researchers are interested in whether the sense of smell ___________________ pain and whether men and women have the same senses.

6. I ____________________ fear for a moment, but then I decided you had a kind voice.

7. The low number of attacks that happen every year proves that sharks do not ____________humans if they have other choices.

8. When discussing a problem, group members can ________________ narrating and holding pictures.

9. She walked so far back that she ___________________ another painting on the wall.

四. 句型结构

1.有时不同的感觉互相影响。(P1)

Sometimes senses __________________.

one another / each other

Our teachers require us students __________________________________（互相尊敬）.

You two should ________________________________________(互相帮助).

2.... the truth is that ________________________________________________________ (雾太大，公交车跑不了那么远). (P2)

○1 too...to...

他太小不能自己过马路。___________________________________________________.

The case is _________________________________________________ (太重你搬不动).

○2 that; this表程度，饰adj.; adv.

200 km per hour? I ______________________________________ (不可能开那么快的).

________________________________________ (这么大的雾很罕见).

3. While ______________________________ (其余的乘客)were getting out, she glanced at the faces around her. (P2)

rest ○1__________________________________________________ (你们其余人做什么)?

The rest of the water ____________________________ (被污染了).

○2 The man stopped and _____________________________________ (让马休息一下).

rest on/upon/against ______________________________

He rested his head on the back of the chair.__________________________________.

4. with + O + to do/doing/done (P3)

With his leg ___________ (break), he had to lie in bed for a long time.

With so much work ___________ (do), I am always busy.

With the kitchen _______________ (repair), they have meals in the living-room.

With the workers _______________ (repair) the kitchen, they have meals in the living-room.

With nothing ____________________ (type), he told his secretary to have a rest.

5.... have nothing/little/anything/something/much/a lot to do with.... (P11)

Our senses __________________________________________(和我们的全面健康有关).

Do you have _________________________________________ (与... 有关) the accident?

Don’t blame her. My failure ________________________________________(跟她无关).

6.... I couldn’t help wondering... (P11)

The boy _____________________________________________ (看到妈妈忍不住哭了).

Young people often _____________________________(禁不住跳起舞) as soon as they hear this kind of music.

7. _______________________________________ (被鲨鱼袭击的可能性) are small ______________________ (与... 相比) other dangers.

Seize any chance _____________________________ (显示你的能力).

chance v. 碰巧= happen

It chanced that he was having lunch when I went to his home.

=He __________ __________ __________ __________lunch when I went to his home.

8. The latter two types of attack are more likely to be deadly for humans.

明天他可能要去广州度假。

________________________________________________________________________.

=________________________________________________________________________.

五. 语法应用

Noun clauses have the same functions in a sentence as those of nouns or noun phrases. A noun clause can be used as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb or a preposition. We can use it as an empty subject or object. We can also use a noun clause as the predicative of be or in apposition to a noun.

We use that, if / whether or a question word to begin a noun clause.

Eg.

1. _______________________________________________ (我能回报人们给我的帮助) makes me happy.

2. I wonder _____________________________________________(那是不是个好主意).

3. The problem lies ______________ (在于) the mist may become a thick fog.

4. I didn’t tell him anything ________________________________________________ (除了我找不到返回的路).

5. He said he liked rain very much and _________________________________________ (他不用伞) when it was raining.

6. I want to know ________ (whether/if) or not the train goes to King Street.

7. __________ (Whether/If) it is going to clear up keeps me wondering.

8. I’m not certain about ___________ (if/whether) I have done anything wrong.

9. Whatever gave you the idea _____________________________________ (我会唱歌)?

10. My question is __________________________________________ (你会不会说英语).

六. 单项选择

1. There might be some snakes ahead, so you should _______ for them.

A. pay attention to B. take notice C. watch out D. look up

2. I am sure David will be able to find the library-he has a pretty good _____ of direction

A. sense B. idea C. feeling D. experience

3. The storm stopped but the waves were still _______ the shore.

A. beating B. knocking C. striking D. hitting

4. They are ________ with fear so you must not tell them any more ghost stories.

A. frozen B. ached C. beaten D. heard

5. I was ________ moved by what the teacher said at that moment and tears were in my eyes.

A. deep B. deeply C. wholly D. roughly

6. Can you _____ what he says?

A. make sense B. make the sense C. make senses D. make sense of

7. We have only one day in Paris, so we had better _______ it.

A. make up of B. make up for

C. make the most of D. make the most from

8. These days he has made _______ in his studies by working hard.

A. many progress B. a lot of progresses

C. much progress D. many a progress

9. Students should avoid ________ for school.

A. to be late B. being late C. lating D. to late

10. – Don’t you think it necessary that he ______ to Miami but to New York?

-- I agree, but the problem is _______ he has refused to.

A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that

C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what

七．Reading strategy:

There are different types of stories. Stories usually have the following elements in common:

A plot; main characters; a certain time period; a place; a problem or an issue to be solved; a climax or a surprise ending. Learning to identify these elements will help you better understand the stories you read.

八．课文复述

Passage A:（Reading:）

When Polly left home that morning, the city was already ___________ __________ a grey mist. After work, she stepped __________ __________ the fog and wanted to take her usual bus. But the fog is too thick for the bus to run ___________ far. So she ___________ an underground train. While on the train, she sensed that she was followed by a tall man. How she wished _________ someone _________ __________ ____________ to help her, but fear __________ ___________ _____________. To her surprise, the man turned out to a kind blind man who wanted to help people in the fog. He thought it gave him a chance to _________ _________ other people’s help. So he is a grateful helper.

Passage B: Project:

There are many types of sharks, but only about 30 types of sharks have ever been reported ____________ ___________ human beings. The chances of being attacked by a shark is small ____________ ___________ other dangers. Many more people drown in the ocean every year than ___________ ___________ by sharks. There are three types of shark attacks. Two of them are more likely ____________ ____________ ____________ for humans. However, if you __________ the advice, you will be safer: for example, hit the shark _________ _________ nose; ___________ your finger __________ the shark’s eye.

九、Writing

春节期间，我国南方多个地区遭受几十年来罕见的雪灾。它给人们的生产和生活带来了极大的影响--房屋倒塌，断水断电，食品供应紧张……。面对灾害，举国上下齐心协力抗击雪灾，展示了强大的中国精神。请结合下图用英语为China Daily写一篇简短的报道。

注意: 1：报道要包含雪灾的危害和抗灾情况，并适当谈谈自己的感受；

2：字数150左右。报道的标题、开头已为你写好,不计入总词数；

Disaster Occurred, Help Came

During the Spring Festival, many areas across southern China saw a snow disaster never seen in more than 50 years. The snowstorm______________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________________

十．任务型阅读

阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。

注意：每空不超过3个单词。

Quality after-school programs are designed to improve academic performance, decrease youth crimes and other high-risk behaviors, and help young people grow into healthy, successful adults.

The effect of quality after-school programs on academic performance is clear. Studies show that students who take part in such programs show better work habits, higher rates of homework completion, improved grades, and higher scores on achievement tests. They also have fewer absences and are less likely to blame. After-school programs also influence high-risk teen behavior. Various studies show decreased rates of crime, drug use, and teen sex among youth who join in well-run after-school programs when compared to similar youth who do not. Finally, after-school programs play an important role in supporting the following fields of development: physical development, mental development and social development. Thus, one can safely say that after-school programming is an effective method to help young people become contributing members of society.

Although there is enough proof from both small and large assessments that after-school programs can make a positive difference, it is important to note that not all programs are equal.

First, dosage（时量）matters -young people who attend the most hours over the most years benefit more than members who attend less often or over a shorter period of time. Next, after-school programs make a bigger difference for those students who need help most and have the fewest choices. Finally, program qualities matter. After-school programs work best when they create unique opportunities for youth. They should provide opportunities, skill building meaningful involvement（参与）, expression suggestion, service, and work. Staff characteristics make an important difference in the quality of a program. The adults should treat youth as partners, create safe and fair environment, encourage personalized（个性化的）involvement, and actively create learning opportunities. In short, although after-school programs have promising future, how they are designed and run matters.

Title 1.

参考答案：

一．单词应用

1.observed 2.deserted 3.reached 4.beating 5.touched 6.staring, resting

7.rare, chance 8.personally 9.reduce 10.unpleasant 11.linked 12.stressed

13.destination 14.frozen 15.lightning 16.attacked 17.feed 18.fierce

19.attracted 20.stick

二．句型转换

1.desert 2.observation observational 3.stress 4.confidence confident

5. reduction reductive 6. acceptation acceptable 7.true truly

8. relate relation relationship 9. deep depth deepen 10.dead death die dying

三．用方框内所给短语的适当形式完成下列句子

1. ring out 2. warm up 3. made my way 4. making the most of 5.is related to

6. was frozen with 7. feed on 7. take turns 9. banged into

四．句型结构

1. affect one another / to respect each other / one another help each oter

2. the fog is too thick for the bus to run tat far

He is too young to cross the road by himself

too heavy for you to carry

couldn’t have driven that fast / A fog thai bad is rare

3. the rest of the passengers

what are the rest of you going to do / was polluted / rested his horse

他把头靠在椅背上

4. broken, to do , being repaired, repairing , to be typed

5. have something to do with our overall health

anything to do with / has nothing to do with her

6. couldn’t help crying when seeing his mother

can’t help dancing

7.The chances of being attacked by sharks, compared to/with

to show your ability

chanced to be having

8.He is likely to go to Guangzhou for holiday./ It is likely that he’ll go to Guangzhou for holiday.

五. 语法应用

1.That I can pay back the help people giving me

2.whether/ if that is a good idea 3.in that

4.except that I couldn’t find my way back 5.that he didn’t take an umbrella

6.whether 7.whether 8.whether 9.that I can sing

10. whether you can speak English

六. 单项选择

1-5 CA AAB 6-10 DCCBC

八．课文复述

Passage A Covered in; out into; that; took; for; to come along; held her still; pay back

Passage B As attacking; compared to; are bitten; to be deadly; follow; on the; Stick in

九．Writing

Disaster Occurred, Help came

During the Spring Festival, many areas across southern China saw a snow disaster never seen in more than 50 years. The snowstorm caused great damage to houses and power lines. Millions of people suffered from the shortage of water, vegetables and power supply. Roads were blocked. Flights were cancelled and trains were delayed, leaving tens of thousands of passengers unable to go back home.

Facing the disaster, the government took all kinds of urgent measures to ensure everything returned to normal as soon as possible. Soldiers cleared snow and ice on the road and rescued the people trapped in the snowstorm. Repairmen worked around the clock to ensure water and power supply, for which some even lost their lives. Large quantities of aid relief, including the money donated by ordinary people across the whole country, were rushed to the disaster areas. Thanks to the joint efforts, people in the disaster areas were able to recover to normal.

Looking back upon the experience, I feel that united, we’re strong. The efforts of the Chinese government and the Chinese people in face of hardships will be always appreciated. （164 words）

十．任务型阅读

1. Quality After-school Programs 2. Aims 3. decreasing youth crime

4. Improved academic behaviors 5. less blame 6. drug use 7. social 8. Result

9. Assessments 10. student difference

Module 3 Unit 2

新课标单词

throughout prep. 贯穿，遍及

confusing adj. 令人迷惑的，令人不解的

vocabulary n. 词汇

tribe n. 部落

European adj. 欧洲的；欧洲人的

n. 欧洲人

create vt. 创造，创建，创作

nowadays adv. 现今，现在

official adj. 官方的，正式的

consist vi. 组成

consist of 由……组成，由……构成

contribute vi. & vt 贡献

contribute to 是……的成因之一

development n. 发展；开发

take control of 控制，取得对……的控制

rule vt. & n 统治

replace vt. 替换，代替，取代

*despite prep. 尽管

*impact n. 巨大的影响，冲击

servant n. 仆人

raise vt. 饲养

ox n. (复数oxen)牛，公牛

ending n. 词尾，结尾，结局

upper adj. 上层的，上面的，上边的

class n. 阶级，阶层

adopt vt. 采用

tongue n. 语言；舌头

mother tongue 母语，本国语

modern adj.近代的，当代的，现代化的，时髦的，时新的

include vt. 包括

pronunciation n. 发音，语音

style n. 风格

process n. 过程；进程

depend vi. 视……而定，依靠

depend on 视……而定；取决于，依赖于，依靠

record vt. 记录

promise vt. & vi 许诺，答应

n. 许诺，诺言

difficulty n. 困难

unknown adj. 不知道的，未知的

disagree vi. 意见不一，分歧；不一致

standard n. 标准 adj. 标准的

set vt. 确定（标准等），制定（标准等）

phrase n. 词组，短语

department n. 部门

ban vt. 禁止，取缔

pure adj. 纯的，纯洁的

spread n., vi & vt 传播

easily adv. 容易地，不费力地

access vt. 接近，使用

n 接近的机会，享用权

across prep. 在……各处，遍及

racial adj. 种族的

character n. (书写或印刷)符号

Chinese character 汉字

differ vi. 相异，有区别

differ from 和……不同，不同于

represent vt. 代表

action n. 行为，动作，行动

combine vt. & vi 组合,（使）联合，（使）结合

writing n. 文字；文字作品

drawing n. 绘画，绘画艺术

physical adj. 有形的；实物的；物质的

square adj. 方的，正方形的

n. 方型，正方形

simplify vt. 简化

complex adj. 复杂的

originally adv. 最初，原先，起先

eventually adv. 最后，终于，最终

reflect vt. 反映，反射

prisoner n. 囚犯

symbol n. 符号；象征

direction n. 方向

opposite n. 相反的事物，相对立的事物

indicate vt. 显示，表示，象征，暗示

pronounce vt. 发音

课文短语

1. in a sense

2. stand for

3. all over the world

4. inform sb of sth

5. throughout history

6. be made up of

7. bring sb with sth

8. speak a language

9. be different from

10. consist of

11. the official language

12. find it hard to do sth

13. contribute to

14. take control of

15. be replaced with/by

16. even though

17. despite the fact

18. have an impact on

19. the English language

20. result in

21. work as

22. the way of doing sth

23. because of

24. depend on

25. quite a few

26. make up

27. have a word with sb

28. a six-year-old kid

29. right away

30. take action

31. look forward to (doing) sth

32. a waste of time

33. leave out

34. in any case

35. come true

36. look up

37. used to do sth

38. care about

39. at one time

40. due to

41. get to the point

42. waste time doing sht.

43. make fun of

44. be used to do sth

45. in addition

46. in a word

47. it seems likely that

48. sb is likely to do sth

49. concentrate on

50. in a short

51. a written/spoken language

52. differ from…in…

53. as a whole

54. develop into

55. combine…together

56. in the 1950s

57. be widely used

一．单词应用

根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。

1. T_____________ the history , people from different countries and cultures have lived together in Britain.

2. English sometimes has so many c____________ rules that it is difficult to understand

3. Modern English is made up of some rules and v____________.

4. Many factors c____________to the development of this city.

5. There are many s_____________hired in the big family .

6. French still had an i____________ on the English language .

7. The boy has some d_____________ in reading the text .

8. What is the correct p_____________ of “Greek”?

9. The baby can write many ____________ ____________(汉字)

10. The student worked out the exercise _____________ ( 最后)

11. We use the new picture to _________ (代替)the old one .

12. We should learn our_________ ________(母语) well .

13. People didn’t know the young man _____________(最初)，but later they got on well with him .

14. Can you tell me the correct __________( 方向) to Nan jing ?

15. Education is a ___________( 复杂的) ____________( 过程) .

16. He thought he could use different shspes to ______________( 代表) different objects .

二．词形转换

1.reflect vt.→__________(n.) 2.confuse vt. →__________(adj.) →__________(n)

3.conquer v.→__________(n.) 4.simplify vt. →_________(adj.) →_________(n.)

5.invade v. →__________(n.) 6.create vt.→__________(adj.) →__________(n.)

7.pronounce v.→__________(n.) 8.represent vt. →_________(n.) →_________(adj.)

9.indicate vt.→__________(n.) 10.different adj. →__________(vi)→__________(n.)

三．有方框内所给短语的适当形式填空

over time according to differ from this way turn…into as a whole

1. Old English ________ greatly ______ the modern English.

2. Life on the island has changed _________ because of the growing number of tourists who visit it each year .

3. _____________ he tickets, the train will leave at 8:30 . We had better hurry to get to the station on time .

4. She said it was the teacher’s praise and encouragement that _______________ her __________ a good student .

5. Install this spell check software on you computer .You will avoid making spelling mistakes _______________.

6. Considering your idea________________, I think it will contribute significantly to the development of the company. However ,it may cause some problems as well .

四．翻译句子

1. 这起事故导致两名工作人员死亡，警察已介入调查。

___________________________________________________

2．他对公司做出 很大贡献，所以被提干了。

___________________________________________________

3．据说每天喝八杯水对人的皮肤有好处。

_________________________________________________

4．1985年美国把玫瑰花列为国花。它代表美与爱。

___________________________________________________

5．经过努力，我们班的同学在 英语方面取得了很大进步。

_________________________________________________

6．江苏省在全面进行新课程

____________________________________________________

7．他是否会赢还不 确定。

_________________________________________________

8．地震造成致命疾病的传播。(result in )

___________________________________________________

五．Rewrite the following sentences with ‘it ’

1. Who the next manager of the football team would be was still a question._______________________________________________________________________________________

2. The young man was made manager of the team, which surprised everyone ._________________________________

3. Whether the young man can manage the team successfully remains unknown.____________________________________________________________________________________

4. However, for many people, how old the manager is does not really matter._________________________________________________________________________________________

六. Grammar 名词性从句

1).Do you have any idea ___ is actually going on in the classroom?

A. that B. what C. as D. which

2).Mary wrote an article on __the team had failed to win the game.

A. why B. where C. what D. which

3).I’d like to work with ____ is honest and easy to get on with.

A. who B. whoever C. whomever D. no matter who

4).It is uncertain ______ the experiment is worth doing .

A. where B. that C. whether D. how

5).As the day was fine ，I made the suggestion _______ for a walk in the park .

A. we go B. we will go C. should we go D. that we go

6).I don’t doubt _____ he will come.

A. that B. if C. what D. whether

7).What a pity ______is ________ you didn’t arrive by daylight.

A.there, because B. it, that C. it, when D. that ,for

8).It depends on _______ we have enough time.

A. that B. if C. whether D. if or not

9).I believe ______ you have done your best and _____ things will improve .

A. that.\ B.\.\ C. what, that D. \.that

10).It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning grey .

A. while B. that C. if D. for

11.Suddenly the thought came to me ______ he could go behind .

A. what B. which C. that D. where

12).________ he is always studying hard is well known ____ us all.

A. How, to B. What, to C. That, to D. Whether, by

13).It is true ______ he said is of great importance to us all

A. what B. that C. that what D. what that

14).我们不能确定他是否能够成功.

----------------------------

15).真奇怪，他竟没有看出自己的缺点.

----------------------------

16).我们听到了我们队获胜这个好消息.

----------------------------

17).我对他告诉我的这个消息很感兴趣.

----------------------------

18).那就是你错的地方。

---------------------------

七、Reading strategy：reading a history article

What you have read is a typical history article. When you are reading a history article, you will notice dates and years in the text, e.g., the 5th century,1066. Identifying these details will help you understand a sequence of events and how pieces of information relate to the rest of the text. Next time when you read a history article, it is a good idea to make a time chart, listing relevant information such as times, places and events, etc. in the article. For a sample time chart, look at P58 of this book. You can certainly create a different type of time chart, for example, a table. Just make sure that it helps you understand the text.

八、课文复述

Passage A（Reading）

English is a language with many ____________ rules. Before the middle of the 5th ____________, people in __________ all spoke Celtic. Then three Germanic tribes from the European mainland and the Vikings from the Scandinavian countries invaded Britain. They ________ what we now call Old English. As a result, many pairs of words and phrases have ___________ meanings in English. After the Normans conquered England, French was spoken in this country together with English, which ___________ in even more pairs of similar words.

_________ English included many Latin and Greek words. ___________ also underwent huge changes. It is certain that this _________ will continue, and people will keep ___________ new words and new ways to say things.

2、Passage B（Project）

The Chinese language _________from many Western languages in that it uses _________which have meanings and can stand ________as words. Chinese people invented numerous characters to _________ideas, objects or actions. There is a ________that says that a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese writing. Some characters have been _________and others have been developed from _________into _________forms. The pictograph for a mountain was ________three peaks together. This became one peak and three lines and ___________turned into the character used today.

九、Writing

根据教育部通知，从9月1日起，中小学生每天要跳校园集体舞。通知发出后，在社会上引起了热烈的讨论。假如你是李华，请根据下表提供的内容给“China Daily”编辑写一封信反映讨论情况，并提出自己的看法和理由。

注意：（1）字数：150 （2）开头已给出，不计入总词数。（3）参考词汇：集体舞：group dancing

社交能力:sociability

赞成 1． 能锻炼身体；丰富校园生活。

2． 培养舞蹈素质和审美情趣。

3． 培养社交能力，是一种健康的交流方式。

反对 1． 在农村学校无法实施，教师没有能力教，也没有合适的地方。

2． 校园集体舞不能达到锻炼身体的目的，只是一种表演。

你的看法 …

_______________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

十．任务型阅读

At the beginning of the twentieth century, many people thought that the American family was falling apart. A century later, we know that this was not the case. However, although the family is still alive in the United States, its size and shape were very different 100 years ago.

In the late 1800s and early 1900s, there were mainly two types of families in the United States: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family usually includes grandparents, parents, and children living under the same roof. The nuclear family consists of only parents and children.

Today there are many different kinds of families. Some people live in “traditional” families, that is, a stay-home mother, a working father, and their own biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families, single-parent families, adoptive or foster, families, blended families (where men and women who were married before marry again and combine the children from previous marriages into the new families），child less families, and so on.

What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s the birthrate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. Women were suddenly choosing to go to college and take jobs outside the home. In the 1930s and 1940s, many families faced serious financial, or money problems during the Great Depression, when many people lost their jobs. During World War II（1939-1945)，5 million women were left alone to take care of their homes and their children. Because many men were at war, thousands of these ”war widows“ had to go to work outside their home.

During the next ten years, the situation changed. There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more children than the previous generation. It was unusual for a mother to work outside the home during the years when her children were growing tip. Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs. The traditional family seemed to be returning.

In the years between 1960s and 1990s, there were many important changes in the structure of the family. From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the divorce rate doubled and the birthrate fell by half. The number of single-parent families tripled, and the number of couples living together without being married doubled again. In fact, the single-parent household, once unusual, has replaced the ”traditional“ family as the typical family in the States. If we can judge from history, however, this will probably change again in the twenty-first century.

The Changes of the American Family

Main comparisons Contexts

Different___1____ There were two __2___ types of families in the past, ___3____, the extended and the nuclear.

Nowadays __4___types of families can be seen than before.

Changes in different ___5_____. In the 1900s and 1940s Many of the women had to work outside due to the __6___of money., thus causing the fall of __7__and the rise of divorce rate.

In the 1950s Divorce rate slided and there were more children . The families tended to be ___8___ again.

In the years between 1960s and 1990s Different types of familes__9____. Traditional families are no longer the typical ones in America.

A trend worth noting

Author’s opinion on changes The present structure is ___10____; it will experience changes again in the near future.

参考答案

一．单词应用

1.Throughout 2.confusing 3.vocabulary 4.contribute 5.servants 6. impact

7.difficulty 8.pronunciation 9.Chinese characters 10.eventually 11.replace

12.mother language 13. originally 14.direction 15. complex, process 16.represent

二．词形转换

1. reflection 2. confused/confusing, confusion

3. conquest/conqueror 4.simple,simplification

5. invasion 6. creative, creation

7. pronunciation 8. representation , representative

9. indication 10.differ, difference

三．用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空

1. differs from 2.over time 3. According to 4. turned…into 5. this way

6.as a whole

四．翻译句子

1. The accident resulted in the death of two workers, and the policemen were looking into it.

2. He was promoted for his great contributions to the company.

3. It is said that drinking eight glasses of water every day is good for your skin.

4. In 1985 the USA made the rose their national flower . It symbolizes beauty and love

5. With hard work, our class has made great progress in English study.

6. It was in that new curriculum was completely carried out in Jiangsu province.

7. It is uncertain whether he’ll win.

8. An earthquake may result in the spread of deadly diseases.

五．Rewrite the following sentences with‘it’

1. It was still a question who the next manager would be

2. It surprised everyone that the young man was made manger of the team.

3. It remains unknown whether the young man can manage the team successfully.

4. However, for many people ,it does not really matter how old the manager is .

六. Grammar 名词性从句

1-5 BABCD 6-10 ABCDB 11-13 CCC

14. We can’t be sure whether he will succeed

15. It is strange that he shouldn’t find his shortcoming

16. We heard the news that our team had won

17. He is very interested in the news I told him

18. That is the place where you are wrong

八．课文复述

Passage A

1. confusing 2. century 3. Britain 4. created 5. similar

6. resulted 7. Modern 8. Pronunciation 9. process 10. inventing

Passage B

1. differs 2、characters 3、alone 4、represent 5、legend

6、simplified 7、drawings 8、standard 9、originally 10、eventually

九、Writing

Some people are for it. Firstly, they think that group dancing can build up our bodies and enrich our school life. Secondly, it can develop the students’ dancing quality and improve our sense of beauty. Last but not least, group dancing can help us with our sociability, which is quite important to us in the future. It is a healthy means of communication.

However, other people are against it. They think it can’t be put into practice in the rural schools. For one thing, the teachers in the countryside don’t have enough experience in dancing and also there isn’t proper room for students to learn it. For another, they feel that group dancing is just a performance, especially in winter, which can’t really help students to keep fit.

In my opinion, group dancing can be a good way of relaxing ourselves. It can promote the friendship between us students, thus creating a pleasant atmosphere for us to study. As a result, it pays to encourage the students to take part in the group dancing.

十．任务型阅读

1. kinds/ types 2. main 3. namely 4. more 5.periods 6. lack 7. birthrate

8. fewer 9. occurred 10. temporary

Module 3 Unit 3

新课标单词

civilization n 文明

lecture n 讲座

volcano n 火山

erupt vi （火山等）爆发

ash n 火山灰；灰，灰烬

rock n 岩石

unfortunately adv 不幸地

bury vt 埋，埋葬；安葬

stone 石，石头

director n 主管，负责人，主任

mud n 泥，泥浆，烂泥

body n 尸体

destroy vt 破坏，摧毁

house vt 收藏，储藏

wealthy adj 富有的，富裕的

commercial adj 商业的，贸易的

gradually adv 渐渐地，逐渐地

sandstorm n 沙尘暴，风沙

cultural adj 文化的

institute n（教育，专业等的）机构，研究所

Swedish adj 瑞典的，瑞典人的；瑞典语的

ruin n (常作ruins)废墟，遗迹

remains n 遗迹，遗址，残留物

paint vt （用颜料等）画；油漆

pot n 罐，壶

material n 材料，物质

document n 文献，文件

temple n 庙，寺庙

workshop n 车间；作坊

enormous adj 巨大的，庞大的

wise adj 明智的；高明的；英明的

heat n 热，热度

drive vt 迫使（某人生气，发疯等）

passage n 通道，过道

burial n 埋葬

burial chamber 墓室

bone n 骨，骨头

wooden adj 木制的

condition n 状态，状况，条件，情形

uncover vt 发现，揭开（盖子）

feed vt 为……提供食物，养活

concerned adj 担心的，关心的

citizen n 市民

major adj 主要的

carry out 实施，执行，进行

airfield n 机场

bomb vt 轰炸 n 炸弹

explode vi 爆炸

board n 甲板，木版

sink vi & vt (使)下沉，（使）沉浸

airplane n 飞机

president n 总统

declare vt 宣布，宣告，宣称

in memory of 纪念

battleship n 战舰

republic n 共和国，；共和政体

confusion n 混乱，混淆

fighting n 战斗；战争；打斗

influence vt & n 影响

emperor n 皇帝

unite vt & vi 统一；联合；团结

overthrow vt 推翻，颠覆

poetry n 诗歌

similarity n 相似点，相似，类似

trade n 贸易，交易

china n 陶瓷

wool n 羊毛

goods n 商品；货物

no more 不复存在；不再

formation n 形成

reunite vt & vi 重新统一；再联合

课文出现短语

1. a historical event

2. arrange for

3. go on a cultural expedition to

4. go to a lecture

5. take over

6. be buried alive

7. on rainy days

8. turn to

9. be covered with

10. be off to

11. run through

12. prevent … from

13. agree with

14. refer to

15. pay attention to doing

16. have the chance to do/of doing

17. throughout the world

18. be involved in

19. brush away

20. be related to

21. a huge success

22. make a discovery

23. go through

24. be in good condition

25. a concerned citizen

26. focus on

27. carry out

28. set sail for

29. less than

30. on board

31. in memory of

32. in history

33. be in use

34. in return for

1.Both Pompeii and Loulan became lost c______________(文明) about 2,000 years ago.

2. This morning we went to a l____________ about Pompeii.

3. Near the city was a volcano called Vesuvius. On 24th August AD 79, the volcano e_________ and lava, ash and rocks poured out of it onto the surrounding countryside.

4. It continued to erupt for the next three days. U_______________, all the people were buried alive, and so was the city.

5.So in 1860, the Italian archaeologist Giuseppe Fiorelli was made d___________ ( 负责人)of the Pompeii dig.

6. Tomorrow we are off to Naples to visit the museum that h__________ many of the treasures from Pompeii.

7. It’s hard to imagine how this quiet volcano d_____________ the whole city!

8.This small, wealthy _______________ （商业的）city existed almost 2,000 years ago.

9.An archaeologist from the local ______________ (文化的) institute, Professor Zhang told us this.

10. Sven found the r____________ of buildings buried under the sand, together with a lot of treasures, such as coins, painted pots, silk m______________, d_____________ and wall paintings.

11. The desert was once a green land with e___________ trees, but even that didn’t prevent the city from being _________ by sand--- what a pity!

12. A saying goes t________ Rome wasn’t built in a day.

13. During these years I have had the chance to explore many different places in China and t______________ the world.

14. We went through a 10-meter-long p____________ and we found ourselves in a large burial chamber.

15. We saw pieces of material, bones, w_________ cups and leather bags.

16. Most of them were in good c____________.

17.Jack is a concerned c__________(市民).

18.Pear Harbor is one of the m___________ military bases of the United States.

19. The next day, US President Franklin Roosevelt d______________ war against Japan.

20. A national m___________ was built in Pear Harbor just above the remains of the sunk battleship Arizona.

21. In 753 BC, the city of Rome was founded, and in 509 BC, it became a r____________.

22. During the same period, there was much c___________ and fighting between the groups of people who ruled the different parts of China.

23.There is another _____________ (相似点) between China and Rome.

24.It was a different story for China with the _____________ (形成) of the Sui Dynasty in AD 581, which once again r___________ China in AD 589.

25.Fifteen years later the Qin Dynasty was ______________ (推翻).

二．词形转换

1. major adj. →__________(n.) 2. wealthy adj.→__________(n.)

3. commercial adj.→__________(n.) 4. heat n.→_________(v.) →_________(adj.)

5. unite v. →__________(adj.) 6. concerned adj.______(n./v.______ (prep.)

7. faithfully adv. _____(adj.) →______(n.) 8. condition n.→__________(adj.)

9.cultural adj. →__________(n.) 10. explode vi. _______(n.) ________(adj.)

三．用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空

take over take back take away take off take out take down

take up take charge of take control of take action take in

1) He opened the drawer and ______________ a notebook.

2) He expects to ______________ the business when his father retires.

3) Can you _________________what I am saying?

4) Mr. Li __________________gardening after he retired.

5) _________________ the notes while listening to the teacher.

6) Who has___________________ my book?

7) Who will ____________________ the class when the head-teacher is away?

8) The Chinese government _____________________to protect the cultural heritage.

四、句型结构

1. The book had a great effect on his life. The book I _____________ his life greatly.

2. They didn’t tell me the location. They didn’t show me the map, either.

They ___________ told me the location ________ showed me the map.

3. Some people tried to escape, some people stayed in their houses.

People ___________ tried to escape _______ stayed in their houses.

4. It worries the tourists. It keeps raining.

______ ______ ________ _________ ________ the tourists.

5.They also ________ ________ (进行)other experiments.

6.When autumn comes, leaves （变成） ________ ________ orange, red and gold.

7.我们对他的健康表示关心。We _________ ________ ________ his health.

8.________ _______ _______ _______ ________ ________ _______ _____ ,(在好心的老人的带路下，用with复合结构做)， we arrived at the remote village before lunchtime.

9.We gave Peter a nice present ______ ______ ______ (作为对。。。。。回报)his cooperation.

10.It’s ______ _____ _____ (很难想象)what our lives would be like if we did not have electricity and clean water.

11.(众所周知)_______ ______ _______ ______ ______, China is a country with a long history.

12.Are there any ______________ (相似之处) between Goethe and Byron.

13. He is not always on the ball in class because he is not interested in his lessons.(写出画线部分的汉语意思)

14.I f______ ______ ______ (感到荣幸)won the holiday and have made so many friends.

15. I was too tired to eat anything we were given. (改成复合句)

I was _______ _________ ________ I _______ ________ anything we were given.

16._______ the husband ______ the wife tells stories for children every night.(填上适当的连词)

五.翻译句子

1他们要求他对此事保密。（require）

__________________________________________________________.

2谁也阻止不了运动会的举行。（prevent）

_____________________________________________________________.

3据说这本书很值得一读。（It is said that）

__________________________________________________________.

4我看见一位老人很吃力地在街上走着，手里还拿着一根拐杖。(make one’s way)

____________________________________________________________________

5．正如你在地图上看到的那样，这两座城市相距甚远。

______________________________________________________________________

六、单项选择

1. Don’t let me catch you ______.

A. do that again B. to do that again C. doing that again D. done that again

2. We must have an engineer ______ the workers build the house.

A. to see B. see C. seeing D. seen

3. I don’t allow ______ in my office and I don’t allow my family ______ at all.

A. to smoke…smoking B. smoking…to smoke

C. to smoke…to smoke D. smoking…smoking

4. George went hunting for a week but still he didn’t find a room ______.

A. to live B. to live in C. for living D. to be living in

5. The law requires all cars _______ for safety and efficiency.

A. being tested regularly B. to be regularly tested

C. be regularly tested D. regularly tested

6. He was just about to jump up when he felt something ______ near his feet.

A. to move B. move C. moving D. moved

7. I would like ______ that I don’t have a very high opinion of you.

A. to have you know B. have you know C. to have your known D. having you know

8. When he awoke, he found himself ______ in the hospital and ______ by an old woman.

A. lying…being looked after B. lying…be looking after

C. lie…be looked after D. lie…being looked after

9. The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.

A. to be informed B. informed C. on informing D. informing

10. If you don’t know the meaning of the word, you can ___ in a dictionary.

A. look it up B. look up it C. refer to it D. consult in

11. Neither you nor I, nor anybody else ___ content to live in such a lonely village.

A. is B. am C. are D. were

12. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for Beijing Olympics ___ by .

A. has been completed B. has completed

C. will have been completed D. will have completed

13.Two bags which ______ to Hong Kong were at this moment being loaded aboard a flight to Guangzhou.

A. should have gone B. should be going C. must have gone D. must be going

14. Sometimes we are asked ___ we think the likely result of the program will be.

A. how B. whether C. that D. what

15. It was said that not until the old man had passed away ___ to his relatives.

A. she let out the secret B. was the secret let out

C. out she let the secret D. out let the secret

16. Mary, it’s already 7 o’clock. I’m afraid there is not much time _____ for you to _____ for the ball.

A. leaving; get dressing B. remaining; get to dress

C. remained; get dressed D. left; get dressed

17. ---Is Mr. Stephen in, please? He___ me. --- Yes, sir. In the meeting room.

A. is expecting B. has expected C. expected D. was expecting

18. Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as ___ sickness.

A. normal B. average C. regular D. ordinary

19. His cousin, who was made ___ of the department, was only 28 that year.

A. director B. directer C. a director D. our director

20. They will give us the money ___ we pay it back within half a year.

A. on no condition B. on condition C. under the condition D. on condition that

21. Not only ___ interested in football but ___ beginning to show an interest in it.

A. is the teacher himself, are all his students B. the teacher himself is, are all his students

C. is the teacher himself, all his students are D. the teacher himself is, all his students are

22. these two countries have a ___. They both have a high snowfall during winter.

A. situation B. response C. similarity D. condition

23. It is important that we ___ with all that ___ in the struggle.

A. should unite, be united B. would like, can be united

C. should unite, could unite D. unite, can be untied

24. As we joined the crowd I got ___ from my friends.

A. lost B. separated C. spared D. missed

25. John knocked at the door for nearly five minutes___ his wife opened it.

A. when B. before C. until D. while

26. They got the work ______ before the rainy season set in.

A. to do B. done C. doing D. did

27. Please remind me ______ some eggs for the coming party.

A. buy B. to buy C. of buying D. for buying

28. Although John was the oldest in the family, he always let his sister _______ charge of the house.

A. to take B. taking C. take D. taken

29. There was nothing to ___ us doing so.

A. keep B. make C. let D. prevent

30. ---Did you listen to Mr. Jackson’s lecture? ---Yes, I have never heard such a ___one.

A. more exciting B. more excited C. most excited D. most exciting

31.I told the police who came to look into the accident what ___ the poor girl.

A. was happened on B. was happening on C. happened on D. had happened to

32.It must have rained last night, _______ the ground is wet here and there.

A because B as C for D since

33.____ to take the English evening course. Please fill in this form.

A These who want B Anyone wants C Those that want D People want

34. How pleasant the picture is _________!

A to look at B looking at C look D to be looked at

七、Reading strategy : reading diary entries

When you are reading diary entries recording someone’s travels, you should look for dates and place names in the text. For example, from “17th July: … Tomorrow we are off to Naples…” we know that Ann was going to Naples on 18th July. You will also find facts and historical information, such as the fact that Loulan “existed … on the famous Silk Road” and the information that “100 years ago the Swedish explorer Sven Hedin discovered the ruins of the Loulan Kingdom”. The writer will also include personal feelings and opinions in the diary. When Ann writes about the eruption in Pompeii, she writes: “Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, and so was the city!” We know she felt sorry about the eruption because she used the word “unfortunately”

八、课文复述

1、Passage A（Reading）

I felt lucky to be picked to 1 China to go on a cultural expedition to sites of lost 2 . We visited Pompeii in Italy and Loulan in China. Pompeii was 3 in the 8th century BC, then 4 by the Romans in 89BC. Later, Pompeii was destroyed by a 5 . It 6 and covered Pompeii with ash. Unfortunately，all the people were buried 7 . 8 , Loulan disappeared under the sand. There are just a few 9 left. They both were important 10 cities about 2,000 years ago. It was so pity!

2、Passage B（Project）

Roma was founded in 753BC and became a 1 in 509BC.During the same period, there was much 2 and fighting between the groups of people who ruled the different parts of China. In 221BC, Emperor Qingshihuang 3 China, but 15 years later, the Qin Dynasty was 4 , and the Han Dynasty was founded with Chang’an as its capital city, which was one of the two largest cities in the world at that time. What is 5 is that the other largest city was Rome. In both places, poetry, 6 and philosophy was being developed. There is another 7 between China and Rome. In 212BC, the 8 of the Romans started to spread outside Italy. 9 , China’s influence also spread across other countries. However, in the following hundred years both Rome and China had a difficult time. By AD 476, the Rome Empire was no more. It was a different story for China with the 10 of the Sui Dynasty in AD 581.

九、Writing

请根据下面的提示写一篇游览古城楼兰遗址的日记。

1. 经过几天的旅途后，终于抵达。碰巧有一队考古队员在那儿工作。

2. 亲眼看到了古城遗址，了解了很多知识和古城的神秘。

3. 考古队员发现，包括第一次发掘出的国王们的陵墓（mausoleum）在内，很多古墓遭到破坏。

4. 发现了一些木乃伊，但曾遭劫掠。

5. 令人高兴的是，第一次发现壁画（mural）.

6. 真是令人兴奋的一天。

Saturday August 20, Fine

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________________________

十．任务型阅读

The family sphere(范围) used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm（领域）of ”rational accomplishment“ and cruel competition, and the private female and child-rearing sphere of home, intuition（直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the realities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere is much more permeable(可渗透的). TV takes public events and transforms them into dramas that are played out in the privacy of our living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms.

Parents used to be the channel through which children learned about the outside world. They could decide what to tell their children and when to tell it to them. Since children learn to read in stages, books provide a kind of natural screening process, where adults can decide what to tell and not tell children of different reading abilities. Television destroyed the system that separated adult from child knowledge and separated information into year-by-year slices for children of different ages. Instead, it presents the same information directly to children of all ages, without going through adult filters.

So television presents a real challenge to adults. While a parent can read a newspaper without sharing it with children in the same room, television is accessible to everyone in that space. And unlike books, television doesn't allow us to flip（翻转）through it and see what's coming up. We may think we're giving our children a lesson in science by having them watch the Challenger take off, and then suddenly they learn about death, disaster and adult mistakes.

Books allow adults to discuss privately what to tell or not tell children. This also allows parents to keep adult material secret from children and keep their secret keeping secret. Take that same material and put it on The Today Show and you have 800,000 children hearing the very things the adults are trying to keep from them. ”Television takes our kids across the globe before parents give them permission to cross the street.“

More importantly, children gradually learn that adults are worried and anxious about being parents. Actually, television has also places families under a lot of stress.

How Television Changes Childhood?

Main comparisons Contexts

Distance between ___1__and the outside. Homes used to be isolated from the ___2___realm.

Homes nowadays are __3__to the outside world.

Media through which children can obtain information In the past, children might learn __4__about the outside world with the help of parents and ___5___.

More information is got directly through TV and other electronic media, which breaks down the __6___ between adult world and the child world.

_____7___ of the information children get Traditionally, kids could only knew what they should learn at their age, carefully___8___by their parents.

Everything can possibly be known by children, including many aspects of _____ life.

Effects on family education

Parental instruction Families are now under greater stress than before. Adults are anxious about being parents and faced with new __10_____.

参考答案

一、单词应用

1. civilizations 2.lecture 3.erupted 4.unfortunately 5.direct

篇12：永嘉二中高三英语总复习第一轮复习:模块3 Unit 4(新课标版高考复习英语必修三教案教学设计)

第一部分：基础知识过关

一、单词

（一）单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。

1.___________ n. 天文学

2.___________ n. 大气层

3.___________ adj. 猛烈的

4.___________ vt.&vi. 使爆发

5.___________ n. 系统

6.___________ adj. 有害的

7.____________ n. 发展

8.__________ adj. 全球性的

9.___________ vi. 依靠

10.__________ vi. 存在

11._____________ n. 出席,存在

12._____________ adj. 失望的

13._____________ adv. 逐渐地

14._____________ n. 重力

15._____________ vt. 减少

16._____________ n. 质量

17._____________ vt.&vi. 使高兴

18._____________ n. 方法

19._____________ adv. 一般地

20._____________ vt. 耗尽

（二）单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，以及首字母的提示，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词。

1. As a young man he didn’t know he was _ world fame later on. (win)

2. Most parents don’t allow their children ____ because it does harm to health. (smoke )

3. A great dust cloud formed in the sky out the sunlight. ( block)

4. As for me, whether you can pass the exam will _____on whether you will work harder than before .

5. The rain p us from playing out for picnic this afternoon.

6. They used music and lighting to create a romantic a ____________ at the party.

7. There is a big underground railway __________ (系统) in London , which is good for travelers.

8. Your smoking can be h___________ to the health of your children.

9. More than 70% of the earth’s s_________ is covered by water.

10 The v___________ storms last summer destroyed most of the farmers’ houses..

11. There are different t__________ about the origin of the universe. Which one do you agree to?

12. _________ (全球的) warming has become a big problem.

(三)、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。

1. She him with her belief and her competence. (energy)

2. With the of the society. We live a better life than before .(develop)

3. Smoking is no doubt to your health. (harm)

4. we are going to hold a party on Saturday evening. we shall be very glad to have your .(present)

5. Though he is an orphan, he leads a happy . (exist)

6. Women and kids are often hurt in family .(violent)

7. Although they are twins, they are very _____ (like).

8. The news ___________us. When we heard the _________news, we felt __________. (disappoint)

9.Though he failed in the exam, the teacher’s words were a great__ ____ to him. (encourage)

10. Do you know the __________who is talking to Li Mei, who studied in our school. (physics)

二：词组

(一)、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。

1. 既然 _________________

2. 冷却,平静下来_________________

3. 依靠,信赖_________________

4. 欢呼 _________________

5. 灭绝_________________

6. 爆发_________________

7. 轮流_________________

8. 及时_________________

9. as a result of_________________

10. get the hang of_________________

11. prevent …from…_________________

12. block out _________________

13. in all directions_________________

14. give birth to_________________

15. sooner or later_________________

16. fall over_________________

17. 在表面_________________

18. 鼓励某人去做…________________

19. 有机会做…_______________

20. 把…当作… _______________

(二)、词组运用：根据句子提供的语境，从上述短语中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空1. He got to school ____________ though it rained heavily.

2. He was unable to go to work ________ a result ________ his fall from the horse.

3._______________ you are a student, you should study hard as the parents and teachers wish.

4. 她想存点钱买房，因此不想那么早生小孩 。

She wants to save some money for apartment. So she has no plan to to a child so soon.

5. 你能解释他们为什么吵起来了？你知道他们俩原是好朋友呀。

Can you explain the reason why the quarrel ____ between them .You should know they were close friends.

6. 如果人类不注意保护环境，很多物种就会灭绝。

If Man don't pay attention to protect the environment .Most species will ______________

7. 那男孩摔到了，摔破了头。

The boy fell over, striking his head.

8. 掌握学习方法对每个学生都重要。 the way to study is important to every student.

9. Whether I will go to travel will the weather.

10. 从各方而来的人们欢歌起舞。People got together, sing and dancing.

11.既然你长大了,就不应该依靠你的父母.___ __you grow up , you should not rely on your parents.

12.想办法高兴点儿, 生活并不是那么糟! Try and a bit; life isn’t that bad!

三、重要考点突破

A. disappoint vt. 使失望

※拓展：写出disappoint的适当形式。

(1)_________________ adj. 令人失望的

(2) _________________adj. 感到失望的

(3) _________________n. 失望

◆搭配：翻译下面搭配。

(1)be deeply disappointed ______________

(2)a disappointing result ______________

(3)be disappointed at/about /in/ with…

__________________________________

(4)be disappointed to hear…______________

(5)be disappointed that- clause ______________

■运用：用disappoint的适当形式填空。

(1)Tom was very ___________ at the __________ result.

(2) But Henry proved a ________________.

(3) President James A. Garfield was shot by a ____________ office seeker on July2, 1881.

(4)My parents will be ____________ with me if I fail to get the master degree.

B. force n.力量，暴力 [复]军队vt.强制，强迫

◆搭配：熟记下列词组或句式搭配。

force sb. to do sth./force sb.into (doing) sth.

come into force

put in force

■运用：用force翻译下列句子。

(1)地心引力的力量使物体落地。

______________________________________________.

(2)他们被迫一天工作12个小时。

C. harmful adj.有害的, 伤害的

◆搭配：熟记下列搭配。

be harmful to

do harm to sb. =do sb. harm

do more harm than good

■运用：翻译下列句子。

吸烟有害健康。____________________________

D. depend on 取决于，信任，信赖；需要

◆搭配：熟记下列词组或句式搭配。

depend on/ upon sb./sth. to do sth.

depend on/upon sb./sth.doing sth.

depend on it that…

That ( all ) depends.= It (all) depends

■运用：翻译下列句子。

我可以信任你吗？_______________________?

E. 3. break out (战争、火灾等不愉快之事)突然发生，爆发

■运用：翻译下列句子。

第二次世界大战是1939年爆发的。__________________________________________

※联想：填入适当的介词或副词。

(1)break ______(机器)不了，失效了，失败了

(2)break ______拆散，解散，结束

(3)break______挣脱，逃离

(4)break ______闯入，突然(接song, laughter等)

(5)break ______ 使终止，折断

(6)break ______ 闯入（vi.）；插嘴

(7)break ______ 突破；打通

■运用：用适当的词语填空

① I was late because my car _______ on the way.

A. broke up B. broke down C. broke into D. broke out

② A great fire _____ in our town last night and many people became homeless.

A. broke through B. broke off C. broke out D. broke down

③ You will _____ sooner or later if you keep working like that.

A. break off B. break down C. break into D. break out

④ 他喜欢在别人说话时插嘴。 He likes to ______ when others are talking.

F. in time 迟早，最后

※联想：填入适当的词，完成下列短语。

(1)______ times 有时

(2)______ the time 一直

(3)at ______ time 一次

(4)at ______ time曾经

(5)at the _______ time 同时

(6)_______ time _______time 不时，偶尔

(7)______ the first time 第一次

(8)in ______ time立刻

(9)_________ the times过时的

(10)________ the time being暂时的

G. mass质量,团,块,大量

◆搭配：熟记下列搭配。

a mass of

masses of

■运用：翻译下列句子。

1.There were white clouds in the sky. 天上有朵朵白云。

2. 院子里有一堆雪。

3. I’ve_____________ to do. 我有大量工作要做。

四、基础写作 用括号中所给词翻译下列句子，然后将这些句子联成一篇5句话的连贯的短文。

1. 神州六号的成功发射使李华很振奋,他决心更努力地学习，希望将来亲自到上太空。（cheer up；make up one’s mind）

2. 李华担心发生意外，因为强大的吸引力会阻止一般物体远离地球。(prevent...from)

3. 李华一直想掌握天文学方面的知识。(get the hang of)

4. 李华不想只依靠老师从课本中学习理论知识。(depend on)

5. 有机会通过电视看到神州六号的发射，李华很激动。 (have a chance to)

第二部分：语法

一．选择适当的引导词填空

whether / that / who / which / when / why / what / how / whoever/whatever

1. _________we should invite to open the conference is a question.

2. _________it should last two days or three days doesn’t matter.

3. _________wants the book may have it..

4. _________many people will attend the conference has not been decided.

5. _________team will win the football match is still unknown.

6. It is uncertain _________we should hold the conference, in May or June.

7. _________ so many people are interested in basketball is what we want to know.

8. _________there is life on another planet is almost impossible.

9. It is still unknown _________will be sent to the States.

10. _________ make my life colorful in the school are my good friends and kind teachers.

11._________ was said here must be kept secret.

12. _______we need is more time.

13._______ made the long distance call to him is not important.

14._________ breaks the law will be punished.

15._____ you need is more practice.

16. _____ we shall have our sports meet is still a question.

17. _____ we need more equipment is quite obvious.

18. That was ______ they were defeated.

19. The fact remains _____ we are behind the other groups.

20. I have no idea _____ we want to go next Sunday.

二：单项选择

1. ____ we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

2. _____ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who

3. ___ Lili will get better soon is ___ her mother is worrying about now.

A. What ; what B. Whether ; what C. If ; that D. What ; that

4. The reason why he was late is ___ he got up too late.

A. that B. because C. as D. for

5. It's a question ____ we shall take the entrance examinations.

A. that B. whom C. which D. where

6. The girl looked ___ she was worrying about her sick mother.

A. whether B. that C. even if D. as if

7. ____ he always serves the people very well is known .

A. What B. That C. Which D. Who

8. ___ Mary can come to the meeting is unknown.

A. Whether B. If C. That D. Which

9. I want to know ___ the leather coat belongs to .

A. who B. which C. that D. whom

10. -___ will get the first prize? -I'm sure , Li Hua.

A. Who do you think B. You think who C. Do you think who D. Whom do you think

11. __ _ studies hard will pass the exam.

A. Whoever B. Any students C. Who D. Those who

12. ____ fashion differs form country to country may reflect the culture difference.

A What B That C This D Which

13． ____ surprised us very much that Tom left without a word．

A．He B．It C．This D．That

14． ____ he has enough time to finish the work is still a problem ．

A．Whether B．That C．If D．W hat

15. ____ gets home first is to cook the supper．

A．Who B．No matter who C．Those who D．Whoever

三：高考链接

1.____ matters most in learning English is enough practice. [2007 全国卷II]

A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which

2. ______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.

A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where [2007 上海卷]

3． parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.

A.That B.Which C.What D.As [2007 陕西卷]

4. ______was most important to her. she told me, was her family. （山东）

A. It B. This C. What D. As

5. ______ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. (2008上海春招)

A. What B. Which C. Whether D. That

6. _____is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008福建）

A. It B. What C. As D. Which

7．_____we’ll go swimming tomorrow depends on the weather.( 96)

A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where

8. _____she couldn’t understand was _____ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons(.上海)

A. What， why B. That, what C. What, because D. Why, that

9. _____leaves the room last ought to turn off the light.(97)

A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who

10. These wild flowers are so special I would do_____ I can to save them.(2000)

A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever

11. It is pretty well understood _____ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today(上海)

A. that B. when C. what D. how

12. _____ we can’t get seems better than _____ we have.(95)

A. What， what B. What, that, C. That, that D. That, what

13. _____ team wins on Saturday will go through to the national championships.(06山东)

A. No matter what B. No matter which C. Whatever D. Whichever

14. _____makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services.(06辽宁)

A. Whatever B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever

15. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, __ _our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.(04,上海)

A where B what C that D how

第三部分：但愿同步训练

I. 单项选择

1. I will do as you’ve asked me to for I don’t mind picking up your things from the station and , the walk will do me good.

A. gradually B. however C. still D. besides

2. When he got home only to find the door .

A. was forced opened B. forced open C. was open with force D. open with force

3. The way he deal with the matter was different we were used to.

A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which

4. Even though China has been quickly these years, it still belongs to countries.

A. developing, developed B. developing, developing

C. developed, developing D. developed, developed

5. Anyway, that day, I’ll tell you more about later, I wandered around in the street.

A. when B. that C. what D. which

6. Don’t leave the water while you brush your teeth.

A. run B. running C. being run D. to run

7. Mary ordered of flowers with of money for her wedding.

A. a large number, a great many B. a great deal, a large amount

C. a good many, a large amount D. a large amount, a large number

8. It’s bad to eat like that.

A. manners B. ways C. manner D. way

9. Now you up, you can decide it yourself.

A. have grown B. grew C. are growing D. grown

10. I was in bad condition I can’t finish the work last night.

A. so, that B. such, that C. too, to D. such a, that

11. Whenever the money, I will permit you a hand.

A. permitting using, lending B. permitted to use, to lend

C. permitting to use, lending D. permitted to use, lending

12. It was she took off her dark glasses I realized she was a famous film star.

A. when, that B. until, that C. not until, that D. not until, when

13. –Can I look at the menu for a few more minutes before I decide? –Of course. sir.

A. Make yourself at home B. Enjoy yourself C. It doesn’t matter D. Take your time

14. We all thought a pity that we had missed the lessen.

A. so B. it C. such D. that

15. a reply, he decided to ask the teacher again.

A. Not giving B. Having not given C. Not given D. giving not

16. The suggestion we should have a discussion on this problem is not the one _________ he made.

A. that, / B. that, which C. which, that D. which, /

17. He never said that he has won the match, ?

A. did he B. didn’t he C. has he D. hasn’t he

18. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ______ great it is.

A. what B. how C. however D. whatever

19. His composition stands the topic than others.

A. closed to B. closely to C. more closed to D. closer to

20. I don’t think Jim saw me, he _______ into space

A.just stared B. was just staring C. has just stared D. had just stared

二. 单词拼写

31. The a________ of the city is very much polluted.

32. The terrorists e________ a bomb in a store the other day.

33. Beneath his rough s________ he is really a very kind person.

34. Have you heard of the latest d________ in the murder trial?

35. Mom s________ a new table-cloth on the table.

36. She was so quiet that her p________ was hardly noticed.

37. My parents will be d________ with me if I fail the exam.

38. Anything that is dropped falls towards the ground because of the force of g________.

39. G________, he began to realize how stupid he was at school.

40. He was e________ after a long walk.

三. 翻译以下句子

1. 既然你陷入困境时,你的朋友就应该乐意帮助你吗?他所做的是碰巧的还是有意, 这问题你考虑过吗?

__________ ___________you have ___________ ___________ __________ , your friend _______________ ______________show _____________ to help you? Is ________ ______________ _________ _________ ___________ or on purpose? Have you thought about this question before?

2. 他不是一个脾气暴躁的人,总有一天,你会发现你误解他是很愚蠢的. 说实话,他是一个可以信赖的人。

He is not in a__________ temper, you will find it __________ of you to misunderstand him ___________ ___________. _________ __________ __________, he is a person to____________ ____________.

3. 由于战争确实即将爆发，在街上可以看到衣衫褴褛的人也不是难以置信的。

As the war was indeed____________ __________ ______________ ____________,it was not ____________ to see people __________ ___________ in the street.

四：单句改错

1. I am sure if you are a student. ____________

2. I spotted the screamed pilot immediately I saw him. ____________

3. It is suggested that the experiment will be made under low temperature. ___ _____

4. He will join us or not is still not decided. _____________

5. The fact you have passed the exam is very clear. _____________

6. When I could go there hasn’t decided till now. _____________

篇13：永嘉二中高三英语总复习第一轮复习:模块3 Unit 5(新课标版高考复习英语必修三教案教学设计)

第一部分：基础知识过关

一、单词

（一）单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写出下列单词。

1____________ n. 大臣;部长

2____________ n. 女王;王后

3____________ n. 大陆;陆地

4____________ adv.向东; adj.向东的

5____________ vt.& vi.包围; 环绕

6____________ adv.极端地

7____________ vt.& vi 定居;解决;平静下来

8____________ prep.在......之内; 不越出

9____________ vt&vi n.边界;国界与...接壤

10____________ adv.稍稍;轻微地

11____________ n. 港口;舱门

12____________ vt.& vi. 想;估计;计算

13____________ vt.使恐怖;恐吓

14____________ n. 流程;流动 vi.流动

15____________ n. 枫;枫树;淡棕色

16____________ n. 官员;公务员

17____________ n. 霜;霜冻

18____________ adj.富有的n.富人;有钱人

19____________ n. 距离;远方

20____________ adj.宽阔的;广泛的;主要的

（二）单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，以及首字母的提示，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词。

1 Vancouver is s_____________ by mountains on the north and east and the Pacific Ocean on the west.

2 It is so wet there that the trees are e____________ tall.

3 A ________ is a place where water is calm and ships can be safe.

4 To go to Russia from China you must cross the ______.

5 The idea that there will be an earthquake t________ many people.

6The water f_________ into the Niagara River and over the falls on its wy to the sea.

7 I should phone her from a telephone b___________ .

8 A __________ is a kind of tree with five-pointed leaves.

9 Someone who is ___________ has a large amount of money .

10 The two __________ languages in Canada are English and French.

(三)、词语派生 用括号中所给词的适当形式填空。

1 The accident happened on a cold __________ (frost ) morning.

2 The students live happily in these beautiful _______________ ( surround).

3 This is a _____________ (extreme) difficult task.

4 Early to bed, early to rise, make a man healthy, _____________ ( wealth), and wise.

5 Although the new road is being used , it has not yet been ____________ (official ) opened.

6 Travel has _______________ (broad) my vision and knowledge of the world.

7 I’m __________ ( terrify ) of flying. I’d rather go by sea.

8 __________ ( distant) , to her right, she could make out the city of Shanghai.

9 There is a _____________ ( continent) climate in that place.

10 Many people suffered from ____________ ( culture ) shock when they came abroad.

二：词组

(一)、词组互译 将下列词组或短语译成中文或英语。

1. go on a tour to …________________

2. rather than _____________________

3. speed up _______________________

4. the second biggest country__________

5. in the downtown __________________

6. 在远处___________________________

7. 就……而言；直到.______________________

8. 估计_____________________________

9. 定居，专心于_____________________

10. 对……有天赋____________________

11. 被…包围 ___________________

12. at dawn ___________________

(二)、词组运用：根据句子提供的语境，从上述短语中选一个适当的词组并用其适用的形式填空

1. 我的爸爸下个星期去纽约旅行。My father will ______________ New York next week?

2. 我想喝柠檬，不想喝可乐。I’d like lemonade ___________________ a coke.

3. 他们一直走到湖边。They walked _________________________________.

4. 如果我们想按时的话，最好加速。We had better______________ if we want to be on time.

5.他想结婚并安居下来。He wants to get married and ______________________.

6. 他有音乐天赋。He _______________ music.

7. 她正在尽力想办法解决这个问题。She is trying to _______________ to solve the problem.

8. 他一直看着火车，直到火车变成远方的一个点。

She watched the train until it was only a dot __________________.

9. 加拿大是世界上的第二大的国家。Canada is ___________________________ .

10. 汤姆住在市区。Tom lives ________________ .

11．我想不出他是谁。I couldn’t __________________________.

12.她有学语言天赋。_____________________________________________

13. __________________________ (就我而言), I'm not against your plan.

三、重要考点突破

A. settle v. (使)定居，安顿，栖息，殖民，确定，解决

◆理解：请指出settle的在句子中的具体意思。

(1) The insect settled on a leaf.

(2)They moved the local people and settle them in another place.

(3)We have to settle the problem.

◆搭配：

settle down

settled the dispute解决争论

■运用：请用settle的适当形式填空或完成句子。

(1)We hope for a last __________ (settle) of all these troubles.

(2)It is said that the first __________(settle) of this country are prisoners.

(3)你最好安定下来并开始复习功课。___________________________ and study the lesson.

(4)这一家人不久就在中国定居下来。The family soon ____________________________

(5)让我们专心工作吧。Let's _________________________________

B. distance n. 距离

◆ 搭配

in the distance at a/some distance

from a distance

■运用 用适当的介词填空。

(1)It is a very beautiful house, especially _________a distance.

(2)You can see a tower _________ a distance of 30 miles.

(3) She watched the train until it was only a dot_______ the distance.

C. rather than: 而不是,与其…倒不如

※联想：填入适当的词，完成下列短语。

1. than: 除了，不同于 2. rather ：更确切地说

3. would rather than : 宁愿…而不愿

4. would rather than : 宁愿…而不愿

5. prefer to do rather than do:

四、基础写作 用括号中所给词翻译下列句子，然后将这些句子联成一篇5句话的连贯的短文。

用括号中所给词翻译下列句子，然后将这些句子联成一篇5句话的连贯的短文。

1. 加拿大是世界第二大的国家，面积9，976，000平方公里，人口约3，000多万。（ an area of …）

2. 它位于北美大陆的北部，东面濒临大西洋，西临太平洋，南面与美国接壤。（be located in ）

3. 英语和法语是加拿大的官方语言。（official language）

4. 渥太华是世界最美丽的首都之一。（one of the most beautiful…）

5. 渥太华是人们定居的好地方。（settle down）

第二部分：语法

同位语从句（Appositive Clause），一般用whether，that等词引导， 位于同位名词之后，说明同位名词内容的从句。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上为同一关系。

1.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别

that引导的同位语从句 that引导的定语从句

句法功能上 只起连接从句的作用,无意义,在从句中不充当句子成分,不可省略 替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用,还充当句子成分.若在从句中作宾语可省略.

意义上 从句是被修饰名词的内容 从句起限定作用,是定语

一：填上适当的连接词

1.I have no idea _____ he will be back.

2.We heard the news _____ our team had won.

3.There arose the question ______ we could get the loan

4. The suggestion ____ the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.

5. Have you heard the news _____ Mary will be back soon?

二：经典试题

1. A story goes ___ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.

A. when B. where C. what D. that

2. Along with the letter was his promise _ he would visit me this coming Christmas.

A. which B. that C. what D. whether

3.There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars __ road condition need__.

A. that, to be improving B. which, to be improved C. where, improving D. when, improving

4.There’s a feeling in me __ we’ll never know what a UFO is-not ever.

A. that B. which C. of which D. what

5.Father made a promise __ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary.

A. that B. if C. whether D. that if

6.Information has been put forward __ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.

A. while B. that C. when D. as

7.__ is no possibility __ Bob can win the first prize in the match.

A. There, that B. It, that C. There, whether D. It, whether

8.His suggestion __ to see the art exhibition interested every one of us.

A. that we go B. which we should go C. that we would go D. when we should go

9.He often asked me the question __ the work was worth doing.

A. whether B. where C. that D. when

10.After months of research there was little hope __ the lost car might be found. A. that B. which C. when D. how

11.The possibility __ the majority of the labor force will work at home is often discussed.

A. which B. if C. that D. what

12.-What are you anxious about? -- ____.

A. How can we succeed. B. Whether we can succeed.

C. When can we succeed. D. That we can succeed

13.The suggestion＿ students should learn some practical knowledge is worth considering

A. if B. which C./ D. which

14.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patient’s fear __he would die of the disease.

A. that B. as C. of which D. which

15.It is said that more middle school gradates will be admitted into universities, this is the information ＿has been put forward.

A. what B. which C. when D. as

名词性从句综合练习

一、单项选择

1. His success was because of _____ he had been working hard.

A. that B. the fact which C. the fact that D. the fact

2.”Is Mary from New York City?“ ”I don't know _____.“

A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come

C. what city does she come from D. what city she comes from

3. ________ Tom liked to eat was different from ________.

A. That…that you had expected B. What …that you had expected

C. That…what you had expected D. What…what you had expected

4. The reason why I didn't go to Shanghai was _____ a new job.

A I got B. because of getting C. because I got D. that I got

5. It worried her a bit _____ her hair was turning grey.

A. while B. that C. if D. for

6. Henry killed the dog. I'll ask him why ______.

A. did he do that B. he did that C. he didD. he has done so

7. Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know _____.

A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along

C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along

8. These computers are different from ________.

A. that we expected B. what we expected

C. which we have expected D. what we expect

9. He asked me _____ with me.

A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was

C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is

10. I am sure _____ he said is true.

A. that B. about that C. of that D. that what

11. When and why he came here _____ yet.

A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee

12.I wonder how much _____.

A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost

C. the watch costed D. the watch costs

13. Mary is _____ someone might recognize her.

A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D. afraid for

14._____ is no reason for dismissing her.

A. Because she was a few minutes late B. Owing to a few minutes late

C. The fact that she was a few minutes late D. Being a few minutes late

15. They came to the conclusion _____ by a computer.

A. that not all things can be done B. because of not all things be done

C. being not all things can be done D. because not all things can be done

16. Why the explosion occurred was _____ the laboratory attendant had been careless.

A. for B. because C. since D. that

17. I don't doubt _____ he'll come.

A. that B. if C. what D. whether

18.”Why did you go to the wrong class, Mr. Wang?“

”Well, I forget _____ I was supposed to go to.“

A. which the room B. which room C. what was the room D. what room was it

19. Output is now six times _____ it was before liberation.

A. that B. which C. what D. of which

20. Mary: Helen is a mere washer woman, yet she's now buying a big house.

Carol: Yes. Because she's always saved _____.

A. what little she earns B. how little she earns

C. for little she earns D. with little she earns

21._____ surprised me most was _____ such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.

A. That...what B. What...that C. That...which D. What...which

22. Do you know _____ ?

A. what is this used for B. what this is used for

C. which this is used D. that this is used for

23. She is pleased with what you have given him and _____ you have told him.

A. that B. which C. all what D. all that

24. Excuse me, would you please tell me _____?

A. when the sports meet is taken place B. when is the sports meet going to be held

C. when is the sports meet to begin D. when the sports meet is to take place

25. Do you happen to know _____?

A. what size shoes he wears B. how big shoes he wears

C. what is the size of his shoes D. what number shoes are his

26. This book will show you _____ can be used in other contexts.

A. how you have observed B. how what you have observed

C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed

27. Where do you think _____?

A. has he gone B. has he been C. he's gone D. was he

28. Do you know ______?

A. how many populations there are in the world? B. how much population there is in the world

C. how many the population of the world is D. what the population of the world is

29. Would you go and see _____ outside?

A. what to take place B. what Tom has happened

C. what is happening D. what the matter had been

30. Last Sunday he promised ________ today, but he hasn't appeared yet.

A. that he would come B. that he will come

C. he will come to see meD. whether he would come

31._____? I think he is Charles.

A. Who do you think he is B. Do you think who he is

C. Whom do you think he is D. Do you think who he is

32. He didn't know which room _____.

A. they lived B. they lived in C. did they live D. did they live in

33. The little boy ate _____ his mother gave him.

A. that B. which C. whatever D. no matter what

34. The city is no longer _____.

A. what it is B. that it used to be C. which it was D. what it used to be

35. My parents used _____ they had to get a new car for me.

A. which B. that C. what D. all what

36._____ we go swimming every day _____ us a lot of good.

A. If...do B. That...do C. If...does D. That...does

37._____ was the idea _____ the wife thought of?

A. What...that B. That...what C. How...why D. Why...how

38. We think it possible _____ the local government will be able to solve the housing problem.

A. for B. that C. when D. how

39.One of the men held the view _____ the book said was right.

. what that B. that what C. that which D. which that

40. I have no idea _____ or not he has finished the work.

A. if B. that C. whether D. which

二、高考真题练习

1.____ matters most in learning English is enough practice. [ 全国卷II]

A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which

2. ______ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.

A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where [2007 上海卷]

3. The traditional view is ______ we sleep because our brain is “programmed” to make us do so. [2007 上海卷] A. when B. why C. whether D. that

4. Could I speak to ___is in charge of International Sales ,please? [2007 山东

A．anyone B．someone C．whoever D．no matter who

5. You can only be sure of______ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _____ you might get in the future. [2007 安徽卷]

A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that

6. -Where’s that report? -I brought it to you ____you were in Mr. Black’s office yesterday.

A. if B. when C. because D. before [2007 北京卷]

7. It is none of your business other people think about you. Believe yourself.

A. how B. what C. which D. when [2007 福建卷]

8. Having checked the doors were closed, and _________ all the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom. [2007 湖南卷]

A. why B. that C. when D. where

9. Choosing the right dictionary depends on ____ you want to use it for.

A. what B. why C. how D. whether [2007 江苏卷]

10. parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children.

A.That B.Which C.What D.As [2007 陕西卷]

11. By improving reading skills, you can read faster and understand more of you read．[07上海春]

A．that B．what C．which D．whether

12. The seaside here draws a lot of tourists every summer. Warm sunshine and soft sands make ________ it is . [2007 天津卷]

A. what B. which C. how D. where

13. Why not try your lick downtown, Bob? That’s ______ the best jobs are.

A. where B. what C. when D. why [2007 浙江卷]

14. Tomorrow is Tom’s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? (2008陕西卷)

A. what B. which C. that D. where

15. People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years. （2008重庆）

A. that B. which C. what D. how

16. The last time we had great fun was _____ we were visiting the Water Park. （2008天津卷）

A. where B. how C. when D. why

17. ______was most important to her. she told me, was her family. （2008山东）

A. It B. This C. What D. As

18. When asked _____ they needed most, the kids said they wanted to feel important and loved. (2008湖南卷) A. what B. why C. whom D. which

19. The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century. （2008北京卷）

A. which B. that C. what D. who

20. The news _____ our athletes won another gold medal was reported In yesterday’s newspaper. (08上海) A. which B. whether C. what D. that

21. ______ we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. (2008上海春招)

A. What B. Which C. Whether D. That

22. _____is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008福建）

A. It B. What C. As D. Which

23. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses about ____ he will do or think. (上海卷)

A. what B. which C. whom D. that

24. It has been proved _____ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. (20上海卷)

A. if B. because C. when D. that

三、改错

1. It’s uncertain that the experiment is worth doing.

2. All what is hard is to do good all one's life and never do anything bad.

3.What the boy didn't take medicine made his mother angry.

4. You can't imagine how excited were they when they received these nice Christmas presents.

5. That we'll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.

6. What he really means is what he disagrees with us.

7. Whom is going to do the job will be decided by the Party committee.

8. When we'll finish translating the book depend on the time.

9. Where will the house be built will be discussed at tomorrow's meeting.

10. If you come or not is up to you.

11. That is what he likes the place so much.

12. That is that Lu Xun once lived.

13. We thought strange that Tom did not come yesterday.

14. The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us.

15. Can you tell me who is that gentleman?

16. Who leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.

17. The energy is that makes the cells able to do their work.

18. Jack was soon told why he did was not necessary.

19. Is this what we met each other two years ago?

20. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who he is..

21.I don't care whether she has no money. I care if she is honest or not.

22. The child is always lying, so none of us will believe no matter what he says.

23. See to that the children don't catch cold.

24. He, that is playing an important part, which is well-known to us all.

25. The boy dived into the water and, after it seemed to be a long time, he came up again.

篇14：高考一轮复习学案：模块3 Unit 2 The English language(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修三学案设计)

Unit2 双基默写

一、重点单词

1. 词汇

2. 现今，如今

3. 官方的，正式的

4. 因素，要素

5. 贴换，代替

6. 冲击，碰撞

7. 饲养

8. 阶级

9. 采用

10. 场合

11. 现代的

12. 发音（名）

13. 过程，进程

14. 记录

15. 意见不一

16. 标准

17. 词组，短语

18. 部门

19. 禁止，取缔

20. 代表

21. 象征

22. 方向

23. 相反

24. invade

25. context

26. racial

27. numerous

28. combine

29. physical

30. square

31. simplify

32. complex

33. originally

34. peak

35. reflect

36. element

37. indicate

二、重点短语

1. 绕圈飞行

2. 将…与…混合

3. 导致，促成

4. 控制

5. 被…取代

6. 对…有影响

7. 做佣人

8. 母语

9. 经历巨大变化

10. 从广义上讲

11. 丢脸

12. 最广泛使用的国际语言

13. 和某人交谈

14. 梦想做某事

15. 为…制定标准

16. 曾经

17. 预期，由于

18. 占据，拿起

19. 切题

20. 取笑某人

21. 摇头

22. 有可能

23. 做错事

24. 拒绝接受这个想法

25. 再在某方面与…不同

26. 做某事有困难

27. 总体上

28. 拿起，捡起

29. 集中精力于

30. 随着时间的推移

Unit2

基础知识复习提纲

一、.重点短语

1. 代表 stand for

2. 绕圈飞行 fly in circles

3. 手语 sign language

4. 由…组成 be made up of

consist of

5. 将…与…混合mix…with…

6. 与…相似 be similar to

7. 导致，促成contribute to

result in

8. 控制 take control of

9. 被…取代 be replaced by/with

10. 对…有影响 have an impact on

11. 做佣人 work as a servant

12. 母语 mother tongue

13. 经历巨大变化 undergo huge changes

14. 从广义上讲 in its broad sense

15. 相当多 quite a few

16. 丢脸 lose face

17. 最广泛使用的国际语言

the most widely used international language

18. 把…考虑在内 take…into consideration

19. 立刻，马上 right away

20. 和某人交谈 have a word with sb.

21. 梦想做某事 dream of doing sth.

22. 查询，查找 look up

23. 如果…的话，那该怎么办？ What if

24. 浪费时间 a waste of time

25. 为…制定标准 set a standard for

26. 关心，在乎 care about

27. 曾经 at one time

28. 预期，由于due to

29. 占据，拿起 take up

30. 切题 get to the point

31. 取笑某人 make fun of sb.

32. 摇头 shake one’s head

33. 有可能 be likely to

34. 做错事 do something wrong

35. 拒绝接受这个想法 refuse to accept the idea

36. 再在某方面与…不同 differ from…in…

37. 因为 in that

38. 总体上 as a whole, on the whole

39. 依赖，取决于 depend on

40. 拿起，捡起 lift up/pick up

41. 随着时间的推移 over time

42. 集中精力于concentrate/focus on

43. 做某事有困难 have difficulty in doing sth.

二、重点句子

1.That is why English is a language with so many confusing rules.

2.The English language is made up of the rules and vocabulary each group of people brought to Britain with them.

3.The language they created is what we now called Old English.

4.The question of whether English will continue changing in the future is easy to answer.

5.If a person from the south of England goes to the north, he or she may find it difficult to understand what people there are saying.

6.It is certain that this process will continue, and people keep inventing new words of saying things.

7. The Chinese language differs from many western languages in that it uses characters which have meanings and can stand alone as words.

8. Not all characters are used to describe objects.

9.When you are late for a meeting, there is no need to say sorry.

10. There are many different dialects of English depending on where people live.

三、重点单词

1.sense

a.表示生理上的“感觉”，可数

试译：我的听觉不如从前了。

My sense of hearing is not as good as it used to be.

b.表示心理上的“感觉”，后接of或that从句。

例如：I don’t know why, but I had this sense that someone was in the room with me.

sense of humor(sfaty,beauty,music,hunger)

c.表示“意义”，“意思”

例如：The word has several senses.

试译：这个句子的意思很难理解。

The sense of the sentence is hard to understand.

d. make sense 有意义，讲得通，有道理。

试译：这个句子不通。The sentence doesn’t make sense.

Can you make sense of what he says?你明白他的意思吗？

e. in a sense在某种意思上

例如：I think he may be right in a sense.我认为在某种意义上他是正确的。

f.There is no sense in…没有道理，没有好处

例如：There is no sense in going by boat when the plane is just as cheap and much quicker.

坐船去是没有理由的，因为坐飞机也一样便宜而且快得多。

g.用作动词，表示“感觉到”，“意识到“。

试译：他感觉到家里出事了。He sensed that something had happened to his family.

The horse sensed danger and stopped.马感觉到危险就停了下来。

2.opposite

the opposite of heavy 重的反义词

the house opposite 对面的房子

be opposite to…在…对面；与…相反

opposite the school 在学校对面

on the opposite side of the road 在马路对面

----Excuse me, Could you tell me the way to the bus station?

---Go north down the third street and you will find the bus station on your left hand, just_________ to the bank.

A.oppose B.opposite C. opposed D.nearly

3.certain

a.表示“一定”，“确信”，通常作表语：

be certain to do sth. He is certain (_=___sure______) to succeed.

后接of或that, whether：

He is certain of passing the exam.

be sure about…

b.It is quite certain that…

试译：他肯定会和这个护士结婚的。It is quite certain that he will marry the nurse.

He looks old for his age. It is _____ that he has ______ great hardship.

A. sure, experienced B. certain, undergone C. certain, suffering D. sure, suffered from

c.表示“某一”，“某些”，一般作定语。

例如：a certain Mr. Smith certain plants for a certain reason on certain conditions

d. for certain

I can’t say for certain when he will come.

e. make certain弄清楚，有把握

4despite

a.despite 表示“尽管”，为介词，=in spite of…

__________ all the shortcomings you mentioned, he is a man to be depended on.

A. In spite B. Although C. As D. Despite

b.while

c.as

5.raise

a.常用的意思

raise sb. to feet 把某人扶起来

raise one’s voice 提高声音

rasie money for 为…筹款

raise a question 提出问题

raise a family 养家糊口

. 试译：他提高了嗓音是为了让我们听到他的声音。He raised his voice so that he could make himself heard.

The worker was raised to a higher position because of his hard work.

这个工人因为努力工作被提升到更高的职位。

b.raise/rise/arise

raise表示“举起”，“抬高”，及物动词

rise(rose,risen)表示“升起，上升，起立，起床”，不及物

arise(arose,arisen) 表示“出现，产生”。arise from….

In recent years there have arisen traffic problems in big cities.

He _______early the next morning, finding the brook (小溪)_____one foot.

A.raised, raised B.rose, had raised C. had risen, risen D. rose, had risen

6.point

a. on the point of…正要....

I was just on the point of leaving ____when_______ he came in.

= I was ___about_____ _____to____ leave…

b. ___There_______ is no point in arguing with him.

c. 用于定语从句：

1. we have reached the point ____when_______we must make choice, or we will fail.

2. the accident had reached to a point _________where_______ both their parents are to be called in.

3. That was the very point _____that_____he stuck to.

d. to the point 切题，中肯 off /besides the point 不切题 freezing point 冰点 a key point 要点

7.word

a. 短语

have a word with sb./have words with sb.

in a word/in other words

keep one’s word/break one’s word/eat one’s words

b.句型

Word came that he couldn’t come.

Word came of his success abroad.

8.if

What if…?

例如：如果他们拒绝我的想法，那该怎么办呢？

Wht if he refused to accept my idea?

If only…

例如：If only I ____had had_____(have) a word with him yesterday.

Only if

Only if ____________out regularly ___________be able to keep fit and stay healthy.

A. do you work, you will B. you work, will you

C. will you work, you will D. you work, you will

If虚拟语气

____were__ I you, I____would accept_____(accept) his advice.

If it_rained/were to rain/should rain____(rain) tomorrow, I would stay at home.

If I____had made____(make) preparations for the interview, I ___would be__(be) manager of the company now.

9.due to

The plane is due to leave at 7 o’clock.

He arrived late again because he was caught in an unexpected storm.

10.difficulty

with difficulty

without difficulty

have difficulty in doing sth,/have no difficulty in doing sth,

have difficulty with sth.

类似的结构：

have trouble in doing sth.(with sth.)

have a hard time in doing sth.

试译：因为有这个小孩带路，我们好不费力地找到了这个地方。

With the little boy leading the way, we had no difficulty in finding the place.

你能够想象出我们解决这个问题的困难吗？

Can you imagine the difficulty we have in dealing with the problem?

11.turn 的短语

turn down 调低，拒绝 turn in 上交 turn out 结果是，证明是，生产

turn over 翻转，移交 turn up出现，露面 turn on 打开

turn away 把…打发走 turn to 翻到… 向…求助 turn off 关闭

12.differ

differ from… differ in… be different from make a difference to…

make no difference tell the difference between A and B

13.contribute

contribute… to… 向…捐助/捐赠；贡献；投稿

contribute to…促成，是…的成因之一(lead to, result in,bring about, cause…)

n.contribution, make contributions to…

四、词性变化

1.confuse------confusing(令人迷惑的)-----confused(感到迷惑的)----confusion_(迷惑，n.)

2.Europe----______European__(欧洲的，欧洲人的)

3.creation---____create____(创造，v.)-----_creativity_(创造力)------_creative_(创新的,adj.)---创造者（creator）

4.develop---___development______(发展，n.)-----developing__不断发展的__----developed____发达的_____

5.replace---_______relacement________(代替，n.)

6.pronounce----____pronunciation____(发音，n.)

7.promise---______promise____(诺言，n.)-----promising____有前途的___

8.access---_______accessible________(可得到的，可利用的，adj.)

9.differ---difference(不同点n.)----different(不同的) diffenently (不同地，adv.)

10.denpend---denpendence(依靠，依赖n.)---dependable(可靠的，可信赖的adj.)

五、单项选择

1.The best way to do with your spare time is to________ you up. Being healthy is on your way.

A. bring B build C make D lift

2.It seemed that only John could _________ us with what we needed.

A depend on providing B be depended to provide

C be depended on to provide. D.be depended on providing

3.--Can you persuade him to take me along?

--__________ I’m not sure.

A it doesn’t matter B it all depends

C it is a piece of cake D that looks at things

4.It’s important for us to employ a word or a phrase according to the ______ in language studies.

A situation B expression C condition D occasion

5.----I drove to Guangzhou for the painting show last week.

----Is that ______ you missed the match?

A where B which C what D why

6.________ the fact that she was very ill. She still went to work on time.

A Although B Despite of C In spite of D Because of

7.The clear sky_________fine weather. Let’s go swimming.

A.promises B.wants C.expects D. allows

8.It is not yet well understood _______ made the rainforest disappear year by year.

A what B which C that D how

9.Only insiders have ______ to this system Otherwise, no way.

A right B chance C access D occasion

10.---Thank you so much for the lovely evening, Jim. Mary and I had such a good time.

---You’re quite welcome John. _______. we’ve been looking forward to seeing you

A.We’re glad to meet you B. I’m afraid you didn’t have a good time

C.Just stay a little longer D.Thank you for coming

11.You cannot imagine how many difficulties we have______ these complex problems.

A to solve B solving C solved D been solving

1211.He’s now running his own research company.______,he works in a university.

A in fact B in addition C in reality D in truth

13.In 1492, Christopher Columbus arrived in _____ we now call America.

A .where B that C what D which

14.Coffee,_________ some sugar, will taste better.

A.mixed with B.added to C.stirred up D.dropped down

15.The news of Pakistan’s former Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto’ death________like wildfire.

A. extended B.spread C.stretched D. developed

16._______by his sudden appearance, I had no idea what to do with it.

A. Confusing B. Confused C.Confuse D.Confusion

17.---They say Philip’s brother is a billionaire.

---_________? Phillip wpuldn’t accept any help from his brother, even if it were offered.

A. What if B. What for C. So what D. For what

18.-It is getting late.I think I must be off now.

---__________.

A.Look out B. Take care C. Never mind D. That’s all right.

19.It was not ____ she took off her dark glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.

A when; that B until; that C until; when D when; then

20.Let’s get through the work quickly. ________ seems to be little time left now.

A It B There C That D They

21.He made _______ rapid progress that he did well in the exam.

A. such B. such a C. so D. so a

22.-It’s thirty years since we last met.

-But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _______ we got lost on a rainy night.

A. which B. that C. what D. when

23. We had a really a bad time about six months ago, but now things are__________.

A. looking up B. coming up C. making up D. turning up

24. The soldiers soon reached ______ was once an old temple ___ the villagers used as a school.

A. where; what B. what; which C. where; which D. what; where

25. Human beings are different from animals________they can use language as a tool to communicate.

A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which

26. ---You know I gave up the job as a bus driver and went to that little company.

---That is _______ you have made a mistake. That company is well managed.

A.what B. where C.why D.how

27.________he survived the earthquake is a miracle.

A. That B.It C.Whether D.／

28.There are signs_________reading class is becoming more and more popular with students.

A.which B.in which C.that D.when

六、句型转换

1.English is made up of the rules and vocabulary each group of people brought to Britain with them.

The English language _consists__ of the rules and vocabulary each group of people brought to Britain with them.

2.Even today, where a person comes from will have effect on their style of speech.

Even today, where a person comes from will___affect/influence___ their style of speech.

3.Even though he was ill, he wasn’t absent from school..

_Despite___ the fact that he wall ill, he wasn’t absent from school.

4.It is difficult for me to solve the problem.

I have great ____difficulty______ in sloving the problem.

5.Looking up every new word will certainly a waste of time.

It will be a waste of time if you____consult____ the dictionary every time you meet a new word.

6.In Old English,the German way of making words plural was used, for example, house/housen and shoe/shoen

The examples were given to______prove/show______that German had great effect on the words plural of Old English.

7.He was injured in the game and another player took his place.

He was ____replaced_____ by another player because he was injured in the game.

8. You don’t need to say sorry to me if you are late for the meeting.

___There___ is no need to say sorry if you are late for the meeting.

六．句子翻译

1.尽管在你的作文里有很多拼写错误，但总的说来，它是很值得一读的。

There are many spelling mistakes in your composition, but as a whole, it is well worth reading.

2.政府采用了新的方法来鼓励更多的人领养无家可归的孩子。（adopt）

The government has adopted new methods to encourage more people to adopt homeless children.

3.这部受学生欢迎的书由三部分组成，包括对于这本书的简单介绍。（consist, include）

The book popular with students contains three parts, including a brief introduction to it.

4. 除了食物，你还应该把旅行的费用考虑进去。（additon, consideration

In addition to food, you should also take the expenses of the trip into consideration.

5.一旦被中国人发明以后，纸张就在全世界被广泛使用起来。

Once invented by Chinese people, paper was widely used all over the world.

6.昨晚上有一起车祸发生了，导致8人死亡，包括两名儿童。

An accident happened last night, killing eight people, including two children.

篇15：高考语文复习理解并翻译文中的句子(高三必修) 教案教学设计

一、考点说明

准确翻译文中的句子，即用现代汉语的词汇和语法来翻译所提供的文言语句，做到文通字顺，简明规范，畅达流利。无论在(考试说明)还是(教学大纲)中都明确规定，高中生要掌握用现代汉语翻译文言语句的能力。高考，沉寂多年的文言文翻译主观题重新出现，分值是5分，这对一向不重视文言文翻译的考生又提出了新的要求。有一点应该明确，我们应把“取法于课内，巩固积累于课外”视为复习备考的最基本原则。

我们知道翻译的基本要求是“信”、“达”、“雅”。首先要求准确表达原文意思，不走样，不漏译，不错译，继之要求译文明白通畅，无语病;进而要求译文用词造句考究，有一定的文采。他就是我们平时所说的以直译为主，以意译为辅,关键要确切地表达原文原意。但实际操作起来情况比较复杂:如果词义古今一一对应的，语序古今一致的，只需直译就行了。关键是另外一种情况，如词语古有今无，成分缺这少那，照直诘洁屈聱牙时，就需运用现代汉语多方面知识，并且体现现代汉语“规范、清晰、连贯”的基本要求，这就需要意译。意译不等于臆测大意以遮掩无知。

将文言语句准确翻译成现代汉语要求考生必须具备两个方面的条件。一是从微观上，能把握句子中实词、虚词用法和意义，即以理解实词和虚词为基础，对词类活用、一词多义、古今异义、通假现象，对常用的26个文言虚词，直至对文言固定句式、文言固定短语、文言修辞格，文言文一些特殊表达现象，都有个准确把握。二是从宏观上讲，善于联系前后文推敲判定，整体理解，切忌断章取义，只见树木，不见森林，应当做到“词不离句，句不离段”来翻译文言句。

在完成文言文语句译时要注意按照“留、换、补、删、调、贯”六字法进行。留，指凡朝代、年号、人名、地名、官职等专有名词，皆保留不动；换，将单音词换成现代汉语双音词，将词类活用词换成活用后的词，将通假字换成本字……凡该换的，一律换之；补，即补出古代简练说法所省略或隐含的内容，特别是对省略句；删，指删去那些无意义或没有必要译出的虚词，调，指把文言句中特殊句式按现代汉语要求调整过来。贯，指文吉句中带修辞瑰坟的说 法，用典用事的地方，根据上下文灵活、贯通地译出。语句翻译完成后，再回头检查一遍，看看有没有漏译，语句是否通顺。

文言文翻译成现代汉语是传统的考查方法之一，它虽然侧重于语言形式的考查，但由于同时也涉及内容，因而是高考文言文阅读中一种带有综合性的考查手段。

［复习重点］

一、直译与意译相结合

从高考的特点与考查目的出发，文言文的翻译总是采用直译为主的方式，意译只能是一种次要的方法。所谓直译，就是将原文中的字字句句落实到译文之中，译出原文用词造句的特点，甚至在表达方式上也要求同原文保持一致。所谓意译，则是根据原文表达的基本意思来进行翻译，不拘泥于字字句句的落实，甚至可采用同原文差别较大的表达方式。高考的特点固然要考查学生对文言文阅读材料在宏观上的掌握，但更要求考生能够从微观上了解并熟悉文言文字词句式等语言知识。因此，历年来试题的设置主要采用直译的方式，只有在难以直译或直译后表达不了原文意蕴的时候，才酌情采用意译作为辅助手段。所以，翻译要做到“字不离词，词不离句，句不离篇”

表面考查的是句子翻译，但测试的重点可能还是在于某一实词、虚词或者文言句式，其中又以考查把握多义实词的能力为主，涉及面广，因此说，对文言译句的复习，当是以字、词、句基础知识的复习为基础。

二、句子的理解

对文言文句子的理解是翻译文言文语句的第一步，理解文言语句必须遵循古文的一般规律并把握其特殊性。对句意的理解要注意以下几点：

1. 要在全文中理解句子。无论何种句子，都不能脱离全文或文段去理解，要注意作者的基本观点和感情倾向。要做到“字不离词，词不离句，句不离篇”。如：对“襄阳土俗,邻居种桑树于界上为志（《南齐书韩孙伯传》）”的翻译，就要注意这是在介绍韩孙伯所处的社会环境，所以翻译成“按襄阳当地的风俗，邻里之间要在各自的分界处种上桑树作为分界的标志”。

2. 要注意省略句、倒装句、词类活用、通假字、互文见义和偏义复词的理解，对这些现象的理解把握，往往是翻译文言语句的关键。如：“冉氏尝居也，故姓是溪为冉溪。”（语出《愚溪诗序》）此句中“居”后省略了宾语“于此”或“于是溪”，“姓”是名词作动词，“给……取姓”的意思。那么此句就可翻译成：姓冉的人家曾经在这条小溪居住，所以就给小溪取此姓，叫做冉溪了。

3. 对句子中难懂的地方，不能采取忽略或笼统翻译的办法去逃避，而应该通过前后推导，或选项推敲分析等方法，进行认真理解。如：“君子疾夫舍曰欲之而必为之辞。”（语出《论语季氏将伐颛臾》）这是孔子教育子路、冉有的话，文中难懂之处是“疾”“舍”“为之辞”几处，既是教训之语，那么“疾”就不可能是“生病”之意，当是“厌恶”之意；“而”有表示并列和表示转折关系两种理解，依据意味推敲，自然当作转折关系理解更好，那么“舍曰欲之”与“为之辞”就在语意上相反了，以此推断“舍”是“停止”之意，“辞”是“托词”“借口”之意。整句意思就可翻译成：品格高尚的人厌恶那些不说自己想做什么事却去找借口推脱责任的人。

4. 利用文言排比句、对偶句、并列结构，把握句意。也就是说，在理解文言句子时，要充分利用对应词语的用法和意义去把握文句意思。如：“源不深而望流之远，根不固而求木之长。”（语出《谏太宗十思疏》）这是一个对偶句，前后两句对应词语的词性担当的句子成分完全相同，甚至有些对应词语的意思根本一样，如“望”“求”，都应该是想、希望之意。所以整句可以翻译成：源流不深却希望水流到很远的地方，根生得不牢固却想要树木长得高而茂盛。

5. 对复杂的不好理解的句子，最好做成分分析，先抓主干，再看枝叶；或抓住关键词语，分析句间关系。如：“古人之观于天地、山川、草木、虫鱼、鸟兽,往往有得。”分析主干，“古人……鸟兽”是主语，“之”取消句子独立性，主语中“古人”与“观于……鸟兽”是一种主谓关系。“往往”是副词，“有”是动词，作谓语。“得”就应该是宾语，看来是动词名用，引申理解为“收获”“心得”较为恰当。所以整句就可翻译成：古人对天地、山河、草木、虫鱼、鸟兽的观察，常常有所收获。

6. 要善于调动已学知识，进行比较，辨析异同。特别是对“一词多义”、古代文化知识的积累，有助于我们去把握文言词语在句中的具体用法和含义。如：“秦王色挠,长跪而谢之。”（语出《战国策魏策》）“挠”一词陈述“色”，应为形容词，不能作动词，联想到“不屈不挠”，应理解为“屈服”之意。“长跪”一词古汉语是“直着身子跪拜”，这里也不例外。“谢”有多种意义：感谢、拜谢、谢绝、辞谢、告诫、谢罪等。根据前面对“挠”字的理解，应取“谢罪”“道歉”之意。所以整句应翻译为：秦王露出屈服的神色，直着身子跪拜，向他表示道歉。

三、文言翻译的原则：

1. 译文忠于原文，要做到“信”。所谓“信”，也就是不能脱离原文语义，与原文语义要保持完全一样。

2. 译文要符合现代汉语的语言习惯，就是要做到“达”。所谓“达”，也就是行文通顺，意思表达清楚明白。

3. 译文要体现原文的语言风格和艺术风格，语言要“雅”。所谓“雅”，就是要注意语言的美化，尽量用最美的语言翻译原文。

三. 翻译的技法。

1.“留”字法。

对原文中的人名、官名、地名等专有名词，可以采取保留的办法进行处理，不必翻译。如：“是时以大中丞抚吴者为魏之私人。”其中“大中丞”就是表示官职的专有名词，翻译时采取保留的办法处理。整句可以翻译成：在这时，凭大中丞的`身份担任吴县巡抚的官员是魏忠贤的亲信。

2.“对”字法。

对已由单音节词发展成双音节词语的，我们可以采用对译的办法处理。如：“臣闻求木之长者，必固其根本。”其中，“求”现在变成了“要求”，“木”现在变成“树木”，“固”是使动用法，变成使……牢固。整句就可以翻译成：我听说想要树木长的高大，就一定要让它的根生得牢实。

3.“换”字法。

对有些文言词语，我们现代汉语已经不用了，而是用别的词语来替换了。如：上例中的“闻”，现在都不单用以表示听说的意思，现在就换用“听说”一词来翻译。

4.“增”字法。

对文言句子中的省略部分，翻译的时候应该为了使语句通顺，必须增补出来。如：“士志于道而耻恶衣恶食者,未足与议也。”“未足”之前省略了主语“我们”，“与”后面省略了宾语“之”，翻译时应补出：对那些追求儒道却把穿得不好、吃得不好当作耻辱的读书人，我们不值得和他们议论。又如：“公之视廉将军孰与秦王？”显然省略了“威”之类的词语，要补出来，这样就可译为：“你们看廉将军与秦王谁厉害？”

5.“删”字法。

对于顾问中表示停顿或凑足音节的助词和部分表示陈述语气的助词，翻译的时候可以直接删除，不必译出。如：“夫六国与秦皆诸侯,其势弱于秦。”“夫”是发语词，不翻译。

6.“调”字法。

对于文言倒装句，翻译的时候，必须按现代汉语的语言习惯顺句。如：“凡人不能教子女者，亦非欲陷其罪恶。”这是一个定语后置句，首先顺句为：凡不能教子女者人，亦非欲陷其罪恶。再翻译之。又如：“甚矣，汝之不惠！”这是主谓倒装的句子，翻译时需颠倒过来，译为：“你的不聪明，太过分了！”

有些特殊的句子，译时需要扩充或凝缩。如：“怀敌附远，何招而不至？”这类句子言简而意丰，如果不多用些笔墨，很难把句子表达清楚。我们可以翻译为：“使敌人降顺，让远方的人归附，招抚谁，谁会不来呢？”再如：“（秦）有席卷天下，包举宇内，囊括四海之意，并吞八荒之心。”这样的句子，是为了增强气势，故意用了繁笔，翻译时可凝缩为：“秦有并吞天下，统一四海的雄心。”

四、 文言翻译的方法

由于高考中采用直译的方式，因此，翻译句子应该着重以直译为主进行训练

1．对照翻译：文言单音词对译为现代汉语双音词或多音节词

如：“今行而无信，则秦未可亲也” 信物 亲近

2．换成今语：主要是一些古今同形异义词、通假字

如：“祖父”“妻子”“受业---授业”“尺寸之地”中的“尺寸”译为“一点点”

篇16：射阳县盘湾中学届高三英语一轮复习学案模块1 Unit 3(译林牛津版高考复习英语必修一学案设计)

【教学内容与教学要求】

一、教学内容： 牛津高中英语模块一 Unit 3 (page 41~ page 51)

二、教学要求：1．掌握page 41~ page 51上出现的重要单词、词组与句型。

2．学会谈论健康、锻炼，描述问题。

3．语法：非限制性定语从句、反意疑问句。

【知识重点与学习难点】

I. To revise some important words & expressions in Unit 1 (page 21~ page 31)

A．单词：（黑体词汇用法请同学们看《三维设计》）

stay ashamed work. recover failure match follow

advise seldom embarrassed consider effect recognize figure

1. The weather has s___________ warm all week.

2. You ought to be a___________ of your behavior.

3. It’s a good idea, but it won’t w___________.

4. He is slowly r___________ from his illness.

5. She died of heart f___________.

6. The curtains and the carpet don’t quite m___________.

7. The film star walked to his car, f___________ by a crowd of young people.

8. The doctor a___________ me to get more exercise.

9. He s___________ went to see a film, did he ?

10. Don’t be e___________ about your weight.

11. I surely c________ it necessary to tell him the news now.

12. The incident had a good e___________ on him.

13. I know him, but when I saw him last night, I could hardly r___________ him.

14. We must f___________ out how to solve the problem.

B．短语：

Phrases from Page 41 to 45

1. 极想做… ________________

2. 收到…来信________________

3. 锻炼身体________________

4. 苗条身材________________

5. 减肥________________

6. 对…感到羞愧________________

7. 从…中（疾病、灾难）恢复____________

8. 后悔做过…________________

9. 含有有害化学物质________________

10. 使…做…；导致…（P42）____________

11. 与…完全匹配 ________________

12. 把…捐赠给…________________

13. 拯救…性命________________

14. 听从某人建议________________

15. 至少；至多________________

16. 照顾________________

17. 对…感到尴尬________________

18. 节食________________

19. 偶然遇见________________

20. 秘密地________________

Phrases from Page 46 to 51

1. 既然；由于________________

2. 受伤；________________

3. 想要做…________________

4. 增强体质________________

5. 独立地做…________________

6. 考虑做…________________

7. 对…有（负面）影响(P49) ____________

8. （头发）脱落________________

9. 冒险________________

10. 未来；以后________________

11. 期盼某人做…(P50) ________________

12. 同意…观点________________

13. 像往常一样________________

14. 体重增加________________

II. Sentences to be recited:

1. My mother is right: don’t damage your health for a slim and attractive figure.

damage用作名词和及物动词。

(1) n. [U] 损害，毁坏。如：do/cause damage to …

The storm ___________________________________． 暴风雨对农作物造成了极大的伤害。

(2) vt．损害，毁坏，如：

Tell the children_____________________________． 告诉那些孩子不要破坏这些果树。

[比较] damage和destroy

(1) 相同点：两者都可用作及动物动词。

(2) 不同点：damage可作不可数名词，而destroy不能用作名词，其名词形式为destruction。在破坏的程度上，damage要小于destroy，damage可以指不同程度的损害、毁坏，而destroy则一般指毁灭性的破坏。体会下列句子的差别：

The strong sandstorm damaged most of the young trees．那场强烈的沙尘暴损坏了大部分小树。

The hurricane destroyed the whole village．飓风把整个村子都毁坏了。

2. I’m amazed that in China someone’s liver matched yours!

amazed adj. (人)感到惊愕、吃惊 be amazed to do.. / at sth / that … 因…大感惊讶

________________________ her dressing. 我们对他的衣着感到吃惊。

________________________ he was still alive. 他仍然活着，她感到惊讶。

____________________________there. 我们发现他在那儿，吃了一惊。

match vi.& vt. 用作及物动词和不及物动词。

(1) 与……相配。如：

The curtains and the carpet match perfectly．窗帘与地毯十分谐调。

To our surprise，his DNA__________________________________________．

令我们惊讶的是，他的DNA竟然和史密斯先生的相同。

(2) 与……较量，匹敌。如：Who _______________________? 在英语方面谁能是他的对手?

match n. 相配的人或物：与另一个十分相似或和谐的人或物; 对手，敌手

The napkins were a nice match for the tablecloth.餐巾和桌布相配得很好

The boxer had met his match.拳击者遇到了他的对手

3．Everyone has advised you not to go on a diet, haven’t they?

advise的用法如下：

(1) 表建议或要求的内容的从句中用should加动词原形，should可省，这类词除advise外，还有suggest，propose，ask，order，demand，require，insist。如：

I advise __________________________________．我建议她应该明天去那儿。

(2 ) advise doing sth./advise sb. to do sth.,类似advise用法的还有allow,permit,forbid等词。如：

His father________________________．他父亲被要求不能吸烟。

His father__________________. 他父亲允许吸烟。

[链接] advice n. 忠告，建议 advisable可劝告的；可取的；适当的；明智的

4. Writers must be sure to include the class and level you surveyed, the number of students that answered the questionnaire and the results.

contain与include的用法比较如下：

两者都有“包含，包括”之意，但意义和用法却不尽相同。

(1) contain：have or hold sth. in itself，表示“包含，含有，内装”。侧重“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物。不用于进行时态。如：

These valleys ___________________．这些山谷中有金矿。

(2) include：have sth.／sb. as a part of a whole，表示“包括”。侧重包含者只是整体中的一部分。如： The list____________________．名单上有我的名字。

[注意] 常用include的现在分词或过去分词来作解释说明，意为“其中包括”。如：

The atlas contains forty maps，_____________________________________．

这本地图册包括四十幅地图，__________________________________________。

At least twenty people were killed，_________________________________ !

至少有20人遇难，其中有两名儿童。

III. Grammar: (The Attributive Clause / Question tags ) (请回顾语法专项复习学案)

1. They are planning to have a spring outing, _______ is not approved by the headmaster.

A. that B. what C. it D. which

2. I’m doing different types of exercises, and ______ are quite helpful to my health.

A. all of which B. all of that C. all of it D. all of them

3. Let us go out for a run, _______ ?

A. will you B. shall we C. won’t you D. shan’t we

4. Mary, turn off the lights, _______?

A. doesn’t she B. won’t she C. will you D. do you

5. Little Children are often told not to play by the river, _______?

A. do they B. don’t they C. are they D. aren’t they

6. John dislikes pop music, _______?

A. does he? B. doesn’t he C. won’t he D. is he?

7. They hardly recognize him in the photo, ________?

A. do they B. can they C. are they D. does he

【随堂练习】：

Ex 1：完成下列句子翻译（共30分。每句3分）

1. 我很想吃点东西。(dying for)

2. 你应该为说这些谎话而感到羞耻。(ashamed)

3. 你的主意听起来不错， 但是就是行不通。(work)

4. 他的感冒彻底痊愈了。( recover) .

5. 这帽子和上衣很相称。(match)

6. 这本小说值得再读一遍。(worth )

7. 前几天，我偶然看到过一本你可能喜欢的书。（come across）

8. 老人暗地里埋藏了金子， 没人知道在哪儿。(in secret)

Ex 2：

1. I am ________ to see you. A. dying B. longing C. eager D. all the above

2. His mother asked him to give up smoking, but it doesn’t _________.

A. help B. work C. do D. A and B

3. Time is ___ so we mustn’t waste it. A. priceless B. invaluable C. worthless D. A and B

4. His kidneys are failing, so he must find a __ for himself. A. match B. fit C. suit D. kidney

5. How I regret __________ your advice.

A. not to take B. having not taken C. not having taken D. not to have taken

6. The place is __. A. worth a visit B. worth visiting C. worthy of being visited D. all the above

7. She felt __ at the __ situation. A. embarrassed; embarrassing B. embarrassing; embarrassing

C. embarrassing; embarrassed D. embarrassed; embarrassed

8. How was it that you ____________ this rare book?

A. came across B. came upon C. ran across D. all the above

9. She lost her purse on the way down the mountain, which _________ later by a villager.

A. was picked B. was picked up C. was looked for D. was discovered

10. ---I’m considering ______ a holiday next week? Any suggestions?

---Lianyungang is considered ______ a perfect place to go to.

A. to have ; to be B. to have ; being C. having ; being D. having ; to be

11. __ up early, you will catch the train. A. Get B. You get C. Getting D. To get

12. The life of the wounded soldier_________ is still in danger.

A. operating on B. operated on C. having been operated D. to operate on

13. If you haven’t enough money for a drink, I will ___ you. A. treat B. pay C. charge D. cost

14. The big snow has a good ______ wheat while it ______ my health badly.

A. affect on ; effects B. effect in ; affects C. effect on ; affects D. affect in ; effects

15. ---___ you ___ the manager at the airport? ---No, he ___ away before my arrival.

A. Have; met; has driven B. Did; meet; had been driven

C. Have; met; had driven D. Had; met; was driven

Ex 3：书面表达

高一（3）班同学于昨天下午就健康和外表进行了一次讨论，讨论结果如下：

支持身体健康者 支持外表者

1. 一切活动或饮食要以健康为基础 1. 如果没有外表的美丽，健康也没有用

2. 有了健康的身体,就有了学习工作的根源 2. 外表的美丽可以为学习和工作带来成功的捷径

3. 有了健康的身体，才会找到真正的自我 3. 有了美丽的外表，更容易找到自我

4. 如果光有美丽的外表而没有健康的身体只会成为社会的负担 4. 举例

请以讨论结果为内容，写一篇关于“健康与外表”的评论。词数为120左右。

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Unit 3 Looking good, feeling good （1）答案

I. Useful expressions:

A．单词：stayed ashamed work. recovering failure match followed advised seldom embarrassed consider effect recognize figure

B．短语：

Phrases from Page 41 to 45

1) be dying to do sth

2) hear from

3) work out;

4) a slim figure

5) lose weight

6) be ashamed of …

7) recover from …

8) regret doing

9) contain a harmful chemical

10) cause … to …

11) an exact match for …

12) donate … to sb

13) save one’s life

14) follow/take sb’s advice/ suggestions

15) at (the) least

16) look after; take care of; attend to sb.

17) be embarrassed about …

18) go on diets

19) come across

20) in secret

Phrases from Page 46 to 51

1. now that …

2. get hurt

3. would like to do …

4. build up one’s strength/body

5. do … on one’s own

6. consider (doing) sth

7. have (side) effects on …

8. fall out

9. take a risk; take risks

10. in the future

11. expect sb to do …

12. agree with sb/one’s idea/ what sb says

13. as usual

14. put on weight

II. Sentences to be recited:

1.The storm did／caused great damage to the crops． Tell the children not to damage the fruit trees．

2. We were amazed at her dressing. She was amazed that he was still alive.

We were amazed to find him there. To our surprise，his DNA should match that of Mr. Smith．

3． I advise that she (should) go there tomorrow．我建议她应该明天去那儿。

His father isn't allowed to smoke． His father allowed smoking.

4.These valleys contain gold mines． The list includes my name．

The atlas contains forty maps，including three of Great Britain．

At least twenty people were killed，two children included．

III. Grammar: DDACDBA

Ex 1 :

1. I am dying for something to eat. 2. You should be ashamed of yourself for telling such a lie.

3. Your idea sounds good but won’t work? 4. He has fully recovered from the cold.

5. The cap is a good match for the coat. 6. This novel is worth reading a second time..

7. The other day, I came across a book you might like.

8. The old man buried his gold in secret and no one knows where it is.

Ex 2 :DDDAC DADBD CBACB

Ex 3：One possible version

Class 3 of grade 1 held a discussion yesterday afternoon, they had a heat discussion about health and appearance.

The students for health thought that we should take activities or have food on the basic of health, and that good health is the resource of study and work. They insisted that the people who owned good health could be themselves easily but the people who only owned beautiful appearance couldn’t make great contributions to society, on the contrary this kind of people would be burden of society.

But the supporters of beautiful appearance believed that only healthy body would bring nothing good to us and beautiful appearance would surely help us to be successful in study and work. They were fond of the idea that if we were good looking, we could be real very easy.

篇17：新课标模块3 Unit3 The Million Pound Bank-Note 教学案(新课标版高考复习英语必修三教案教学设计)

Module3 Unit3 The Million Pound Bank-Note

一、三维目标

1． 技能目标

Talk about short stories and dramas.

Learn how to act out a play.

Learn how to request and order food.

Learn Noun clauses as the object and predicative.

Write a play or drama.

2．知识目标

功

能

句

式 Request（请求）

Would you please come in?

Would you mind waiting just a few minutes?

May I ask you how much money you have?

- Well, to be honest, I have none.

Could you offer me some kind of work?

I wonder, Mr. Adams, if you mind us asking a few questions?

- Go right ahead.

Ordering food (点餐)

I’d like some ham and eggs and a nice big steak.

I’ll have a nice long glass of beer.

词 汇 1. 四会词汇

bet, scene, tale, servant, permit, bay, stare, spot, passage, account, appearance, patience, silly, jealous, unbelievable, steak, tiny, wolf, dessert, rude, manner, scream, shoulder, rag, indeed, bow, decade, pilot, humour, novel, character, director, barber

2. 认读词汇

narrator, incredible, Roderick, Oliver, nightfall, unpaid, charity, willingness, simply, Clemens, issue, fake, boyhood, Hannibal, Missouri, Mississippi, fathom, contest, Yale, loneliness, playwright, script

3. 固定词组

make a bet, go ahead, by accident, account for, to be honest, in rags, even if, get into trouble

4. 重点词汇

bet, make a bet, permit, go ahead, by accident, stare, account for, to be honest, jealous, in rags, indeed, even if, get into trouble

语

法 Noun clauses as the object (宾语从句)

I can’t say that I have any plans.

...and he does not know what he should do.

I did not know whether I could survive until morning.

Noun clauses as the predicative (表语从句)

That’s why we’ve given you the letter.

重

点

句

子 1. Have you ever made a bet with a friend? If so, what did you bet on?

2. He is lost in London.

3. Permit me to lead the way, sir.

4. As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident.

5. His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers’ dinner on the table.

6. I wonder, Mr Adams, if you’d mind us asking a few questions.

7. I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.

8. Well, we will have to take a chance.

9. (in a rude manner) What’s there to wait for?

10. He’s in rags!

3．情感目标

Enable students to read and enjoy natural language in a dramatic context and increase their self-confidence in using English, which will increase their overall motivation to learn English.

二、教学重难点：

1. To revise the vocabulary on theater.

2. Revise the Noun-Clause, including the object-Clause and the predicative- Clause.

3. Help them to understand the following questions:

1) Do you think money is everything?

2) Do you agree that only money can bring people happiness?

三、教学手段：A multi-media and other normal teaching tools.

四、教学课时安排：共四课时

第一课时：话题词汇及及开展同类文章的课外阅读，进一步提升这一类文章的阅读技能。

第二、三课时：单元词汇及重点实用句型

第四课时：课堂检测及单元语法

Period 1 Topic vocabulary

Step 1 Teaching content of the unit

Topic vocabulary → MET-linking → Unit vocabulary → Grammar

Step 2 Vocabulary revision

戏剧词汇

戏剧theatre (美作:theater); 话剧drama /（stage）; play; 喜剧comedy ; 悲剧tragedy; 独幕剧one-act play ; 歌剧opera ; 京剧Beijing opera; 历史剧historical play; puppet show木偶戏; theatre 剧院; open-air theatre 露天剧场; opera house 歌剧院; play 剧本playwright/dramatist剧作家; scene场; plot 情节; act 幕; 角色part, role; dramatic戏剧性的, 生动的; dramatically（副词）从戏剧角度;戏剧性地; 鲜明地; 显著地; character; 主角leading role （character）; 台词（one's） lines; 结局 ending; 化装师make-up man ; dressing room 化装室; costume 服装; exit 出口; entrance 入口; box-office, ticket office 售票处; first performance首次演出; farewell performance 告别演出; scenery 布景; setting designer布景设计人;

box包厢；aisle （座位中的）走道; dress rehearsal 彩排; rehearsal 排演;

搬上舞台present on the stage; 扮演（某一角色）play the role of ……；

演出，上演put on a play; 献花present a bouquet （a basket of flowers）to….;

answer a curtain call; to respond to a curtain call 谢幕;

订票book seats, book tickets; 排队买票queue up for tickets; 喝采applause

Step3 MET-linking

1. 天津完形填空 2. 重庆卷A 3. 2007湖北卷D

高考完形填空、阅读理解练习参考答案

1.2007天津 完形填空: (1-5: CDCAB 6-10:DBBDC 11-15: ABDCA)

2.2006重庆卷A:1-3: ACB

3. 2007湖北卷D: 4-7: ACCA

Period 2&3 Language points

Step1 Practice/Warming-up

Ⅰ. 按要求写单词巩固练习：(活学活用名家)

允许vt. permit n. permission

出现vt. appear(反vt. disappear ) n. appearance

幽默 n. humor adj. humorous

性格；特征 n. character adj. characteristic

耐心adj. patient(反impatient) n. patience

相信 vt. believe n. belief adj. believable (反unbelievable)

II. 重点短语翻译：

1. 打赌make a bet 2. 至于；就….而as for

3. 导致；做出解释account for 4. 前进，说吧；可以 go ahead

5. 在随后的中over the next two decades 6. 碰运气 take a chance

7. 陷入困境 get into trouble 8. 关心；在乎，在意care about

9. 点菜take an order 10. 正要做…..be about to do….

Ⅲ.用所给动词（短语）的适当形式填空。

account for, spot, stare, permit, care about, make a bet

1. We don’t permit smoking in public places, because it harms others.

2. Lily stared at her father, with her eyes wide.

3. She spotted her friend in the crowd the moment she arrived at the airport.

4. Philip couldn’t account for his absence from school, which made me angry.

5. Never have I cared about such a thing. It is so dull.

6. He is fond of making a bet, but he lost every time he did so.

Step2 本单元必考词汇及拓展：见《名家指路》

1. scene, scenery, view, sight词语辨析

1). Evidence was found at the scene of the crime.

2). Climb to the top of Eiffel Tower if you want a bird’s eye view of Paris.

3). They stopped at the top of the hill to admire the scenery.

4). I’m worried that we’re losing sight of our original object.

2. permit, allow, promise, admit词语辨析

1).Jim’s father didn’t promise him to join the school football team.

2). You will not be admitted without a ticket.

3). He was admitted to the Communist Youth League last May.

4). The gateman allows lorries and tractors to go through the school grounds even though the rules don’t permit.

5). Smoking is not permitted here.

6) We can’t stand by and allow such a thing.

3. means, way, method词语辨析

1). We have to think out a way to explain this sentence.

2). He tried by all means to sent his son abroad for better education.

3). Children should learn to brush their teeth with a proper methods.

4). Let’s be pleasant and talk it over in a friendly way.

4. incredible (adj.) (informal) difficult/impossible to believe; amazing or fantastic

难以置信的；不可思议的；惊人的；奇异的

1). Sally earns an incredible amount of money in that company.

萨莉在那家公司薪水多的惊人。

2). The Gates had an incredible (extremely good) holiday in Greece.

盖茨一家在希腊度过了一个极愉快的假日。

3). They told us an incredible story! 他们对我们讲了个不可信的故事！

incredibly (adv.)

1) to a great degree; extremely or unusually 非常地；极端地；异乎寻常地

incredibly hot weather

2) in a way that is difficult to believe; amazingly难以置信地；惊人地

Incredibly, no one had ever thought of such a simple idea before.

真是难以置信，这样简单的主意竟然没有人想到。

Step3 Useful sentences (listen, write and recite)

1. Now ladies and gentlemen, you are about to hear the most incredible tale.

2. Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.

3. He is lost in London.

4. Permit me to lead the way, sir.

5. His eyes stare at what is left of the brothers’ dinner on the table.

6. I wonder, Mr Adams, if you’d mind us asking a few questions.

7. The next morning I’d just about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship.

8. I earned my passage by working as an unpaid hand, which accounts for my appearance.

重点句子拓展：

3. Walking down the street, he hears someone calling him.

[考点] walking down...是-ing形式短语作时间状语, 相当于时间状语从句When / While he is walking down...；calling是-ing形式作宾语补足语。-ing形式常可作下列动词的补足语，如：find, hear, see, notice, watch, feel等感官动词或get, leave, have等动词。

[真题再现1] ______ in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home. (北京)

A. To wait B. Have waited C. Having waited D. To have waited

[点拨] 选C。此题是-ing形式的完成式作时间状语。因题中的Tom与wait之间构成逻辑上的主谓关系， 故要用-ing形式，又因此句强调先“等”， 后“意识到……”， 故用-ing形式的完成式。

[真题再现2] A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ______.(NMET)

A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked

[点拨]选B。此题是find sb. doing sth.的被动结构，这时-ing形式作主语补足语，表示主语正在做的事。

7. The next morning I’d about given myself up for lost when I was spotted by a ship. 第二天早上，我正感到绝望的时候，一艘船发现了我。

spot 做动词时有“认出”的意思。如：

He is very tall and can be easily spotted in the crowed.

他很高，在人群中一眼就能看见。

The thief was spotted by the police as he was leaving the bank.

那小偷离开银行时被警察发现了。

[考点] when在此句中意为“正在……突然……”。常与进行时或be about to do 连用。

[真题再现1] Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park _____ she was bitten on the leg by a lion. (上海2004)A. when B. while C. since D. once

[真题再现2] He was about to tell me the secret _______ someone patted him on the shoulder. (上海) A. as B. until C. while D. when

[点拨] 此两题分别选A、D，when都表示“正在……突然……

8. I earned my passage by working as an unpaid band, which accounts for my appearance.我是作为一个不拿工资的帮手赚来我的船费的，这就是我为什么会衣冠不整的原因了。

该句中which accounts for my appearance 是非限定性定语从句，which代表了前面的整个句子。

earn one’s passage 挣取旅费。如：

He couldn’t afford the fare, and so he had to earn his passage by doing jobs on the ship. 他交不起船费，只得靠在船上做些零活来挣取路费。

account for：解释,说明……的原因;

①He couldn’t account for his foolish mistake. 他说不清他怎么会犯这样愚蠢的错误。②I want you to account for every cent you spent.

我想让你说明你花掉的每一分钱的用途。

account n.

She gave the police a full account of the incident.

My salary is paid directly into my bank account.

The company takes account of environmental issues /take environmental issues into account wherever possible.

I’ve never been there, but it’s a lovely place, by/from all accounts.

She retired early on account of ill health.

Please don’t change your plans on my account.

On no account should the house be left unlocked.

Step4 Discussion /writing

Is money so important?

(Some people say that money is everything. What do you think of this opinion?)

Money is very important in some occasion. But that doesn’t mean it is everything. For example, when your hometown is flooded and you are trapped in the water, can you save yourself even if you have a lot of money with you? No! So, we should not regard money as everything.

(Great! But some people still think that money can bring them happiness. What do think of this?)

(I don’t agree with this.) Since money doesn’t mean everything, so it can’t bring happiness to us. For example, you have a lot of money but you haven’t a happy family, can’t you say that you are happy?

(So, we should have a correct attitude towards money)

Different people have different opinions about money.

Some believe that money is the source of happiness .With money they can buy everything in the world. /they consider money as everything. /Some people consider money as the most powerful and important thing in life. /In their eyes, money is the God who can bring them happiness, power and all that they desire. /money is the whole world and being rich is the only dream. /One can buy modern conveniences, new fashions and entertainments with money, which can make life more comfortable and colorful.

But others have an opposite idea. They think that money cannot buy everything such as it cannot buy love, friendship, or a longer life .What's more, money can be the root of evils. Many crimes are committed just because of the lust for money.

As far as money is concerned, my opinion is ”you can't do anything without money, but money is not everything!” Indeed, we can lead more comfortable lives with lots of money, but, there are lots of things that we cannot get with money. /there are certain things that cannot be bought with money. A millionaire who suffered from serious censer was willing to buy his health at the expense of his whole property, but, as a result, he failed and soon died in despair. Many other things such as devoted friend ship, real honor etc. is invaluable and cannot be bought with money either. So money is far from omnipotent..

What money will bring you depends on your personal belief and goal in life. If you are kind enough to help others, especially the poor, money is a good thing to you. With it, you can do more benefit. If not, you want money just for your own needs, you'll never be satisfied or happy.

Therefore, whether wealth can bring happiness depends on how one earns money and how he spends it .Only when wealth is acquired by means of honest labor and spent for the benefit of not only oneself but also his people and country, only then can money be the source of your happiness. /In a word, you should have money spent for more people, only then can money be the source of your happiness.

Step5 Homework:

1. Just as I was about to leave the room, the telephone rang.

我正要离开房间，电话铃响了。

2. He was lost in the forest for three days and nights and was finally rescued by his friends. 他迷失在树林里三天三夜，最后被朋友们救了出来。

3. He was lost in reading his book that he forget the time of his train.

他看书入了神，把上火车的时间都忘了。

4. It is not polite to stare at other people. 盯着看别人是不礼貌的。

5. 她答应弟弟将给他写信。She promised her brother that she would write to him.

6. 老师不允许我们在这条河里游泳。

The teacher didn’t permit us to swim in this river.

7. 由于缺乏耐心，这位护士陷入了困境。(lack; patience; get into trouble)

Because the nurse lacked patience, she got into trouble.

8. 老实说，事故发生时我不在现场。(to be honest; spot)

To be honest, I was not on the spot when the accident happened.

9. His illness accounts for his absence. 他因病缺席。

10. Sophia’s having seen (see) them did not surprise us.

索菲亚看见了他们，这并不使我们感到惊讶。

11. What worried the child most was his not being allowed (not allow) to visit his mother in the hospital. 使那孩子焦虑不安的是不允许他到医院探望他的妈妈。

12. I don’t mind you/your closing (close) the windows of the office.

13. The lake is very dangerous for young childrenⅠ, of course I don’t allow anyone to swim (swim) in it.

14. We don’t permit playing (play) basketball in the playground before six and ten in the morning.

15. Time permitting (permit), We’ll go to have a picnic at the top of the hill.

Period4 Grammar

Teaching aims:

1. Revise the Noun-Clause, including the object-Clause and the predicative Clause.

2. Revise the use of relative pronouns and relative adverbs.

Teaching focus:

Enable the students to master the usage of the relative pronouns and relative adverbs.

Teaching difficulty:

Help the students to master the way of choosing a relative pronoun or a relative adverb correctly.

Teaching aids: The multimedia and the blackboard

Step1 Grammar Revision

名词性从句学习“三步法”：

第一分析句子结构；第二看从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三句中需何意；第四看是否属特殊。

一、名词性从句是由if, whether, that和各种疑问句词where, when等充当连接词所引导的从句, 其功能同名词一样。

二、what与that在引导名词性从句时的区别:

what引导名词性从句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语,宾语,表语,而that则不然,它在句子中只起连接作用。例如：

(1) What you said yesterday is right.

(2) That she is still alive is a puzzle.

在名词性从句中，what既引导该从句，又在其中作句子成分时，what常可转换成the thing（s）+that定语从句。

She told me what she had done .（宾语从句）

She told me the things that she had done.（定语从句）

她告诉我她做了什么。

三、宾语从句

（一）宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句, 通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。宾语从句在句中作及物动词或介词（如except，but，besides等）的宾语。

I know nothing about her except that she lives next door. 我只知道她住在隔壁房间。

注：

（1）主句的谓语是make，find， think, consider, believe, feel等，且带有复合宾语时，可把宾语从句置于宾补之后，用it作形式宾语。

I find it necessary that we practice spoken English every day.

我发现每天练习英语口语是必要的。

（2）许多描述情感的形容词（happy，glad，afraid，pleased，sorry，surprised等），或表示确信无疑的形容词（certain，sure等）后可带宾语从句。

I’m afraid （that）we’ve sold out of tickets.

对不起，我们的票已经卖完了。

（3）在表思想和感觉的动词（believe，imagine，suppose，think，expect等）之后，可以把从句上的否定形式转移到这些谓语动词上来。

I don't believe she’ll arrive before 7. 我不相信她会在7点以前到达。

（二）、宾语从句谓语动词的时态。

(1) 若主句谓语动词为一般现在时和一般将来时，宾语从句的动词可根据句意用任何时态。

Will you tell me how you learned English well？告诉我你怎么学好英语的好么？

I think he’ ll be back in an hour.我想一小时后他会回来的。

（2）若主句谓语动词为过去时时，从句的动词需用跟过去有关的时态。

I thought they were having lessons我想他们正在上课。

She said she had done her homework她说她已做完作业。

（3）宾语从句表达客观真理，不论主句是什么时态，从句都用一般现在时。

The teacher told us light travels faster than sound老师告诉我们光的速度比声音快。

（三）以if（whether）引导的宾语从句。一般地，if和 whether引导宾语从句时可换用。

I don't know whether（if） you can help me.我不知道你是否能帮助我。

但下列情况一般用whether，不用if。

1)后面紧跟or not时。

Mary asked me whether or not she should come.玛丽问我她是否应该来。

2)介词之后时。

She was worried about whether she passed the exam她担心考试是否及格了。

3）与不定式连用时。

She is not sure whether to stay or not. 她不能确定是否留下。

4）宾语从句置于句首时。

Whether he lives there，I want to know. 我想知道她是否住在那儿。

四. 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外,常用的还有the reason why … is that … 和It is because …等结构。

1. 从属连词that（一般不省略为好），whether（不用if），as if（though）等引导的表语从句。

2. 连接代词what，which，who，whom，whose等引导的表语从句。

3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等引导的表语从句。

Step2: Practice:【高考链接】【巩固练习】

1. Please remind me ______ he said he was going. I may be in time to see him off. （06 全国Ⅰ） (when)

2.-Could you do me a favor? （06 北京）

-It depends on _____ it is. (how)

3. With his work completed, the businessman stepped back to his seat, feeling pleased ______ he was a man of action. (06 湖南) (that)

4. We haven’t settled the question of ____ it is necessary for him to study abroad. (06 江苏) (whether)

5. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ___ silly mistakes I had made. （05湖南卷）(what)

6. The way he did it was different from we were used to. (05江西卷) (what)

7. Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game. （05全国卷1） (why)

8. The mother didn’t know ____to blame for the broken glass as it happened while she was out. (NMET 2002) (who)

9.--We haven’t heard from Jane for a long time.

--What do you consider ____(happen) to her?（NMET 1990）

(has happened)

10. -I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week .

-Is that_____ you had a few days off？（NMET）(why)

11. Perseverance is a kind of quality---and that’s ______ it takes to do anything well. (2002上海) (what)

12. You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is _____ I disagree. (2004全国）(where)

13. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer ______ it was 20 years ago, _____ it was so poorly equipped.（安徽）( what; when)

14. The place ______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.（2005江苏）(at which; where)

15. The road is covered with snow. I can’t understand ____ they insist on going on motor-bike. (04) (why)

16. The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at _____ I thought was a dangerous speed. (04) (what)

17. Along with the letter was his promise ____ he would visit me this coming Christmas. (04) (that)

18. I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn’t matter ________I’m talking to. (04) (whom)

19. Parents are taught to understand ____ important education is to their children’s future. (04) (how)

20. I read about it in some book or other, does is matter _______ it was?

(01)(which)

21. A modern city has been set up in _____ was a wasteland ten years ago. (04)(what)

22. Some researchers believe that there is no doubt ____ a cure for AIDS will be found. (that)

23.－Would you tell me _____ you want your tea, with sugar or milk?

－Sugar, please. (how)

24. At last the soldiers reached ______ the locals called the Golden Triangle.

(what)

25.－It seems that he has succeeded at last in the USA.

－Yeah, but you can never imagine ______a hard life he has experienced.

(what)

26. －Really, I don’t know ____ to join the army or to find a job after my graduation.

－Why don’t you seek your parents’ advice? They will surely help you.

(whether)

27. Many of the creatures in Rowling’s world are not real, and much of ______ happens is strange. (what)

28. The chief manager has decided to put ______ he thinks is energetic, clever, and has good qualities in the position of the leadership of the company.

(whoever)

29. Native Americans from the southeastern part of ______ is now the United States believed that the universe in which they lived was made up of three worlds. (what)

30. I think Father would like to know ____ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. (what)

31. Go and get your coat. It’s ____you left it. (where)

32. This is____ they call the Bird Island and____ we’ll stay.( what；where)

33. He’s _____ is known as a “ bellyacher”

–-- he’s always complaining about something. (what)

34. – Are you firmly against any independence move by Taiwan?

-- Of course. That is ____ our basic interest lies. (where)

35. But the fact remains__________ we are behind the other classes.( that)

36. 这些野花如此特别以致于我愿意尽我所能去拯救他们。(00)

These wild flowers are so special I would do whatever I can to save them.

37. 他今天上学迟到是因为错过了公共汽车。

The reason he is late for school is that he missed the bus.

38. 使这所学校出名的是今年有90%以上的学生被大学录取了。

What makes the school famous is that more than 90% of the students have been admitted to universities this year.

篇18：海岸高级中学高三一轮复习补充材料（高一unit1-2）(人教版高考复习英语必修一教案教学设计)

SB1 Unit 1 Good friends

1. survive vt. 幸免于；从……中生还；比……活得长 vi. 幸存

survival n. survivor n.

那次战争之后，只有少数士兵幸存。

Only a few soldiers survived the batter.

他在1940年逝世，但他的妻子比他多活了20年。

He died in 1940 but his wife survived him by another 20 years.

用survive, survival, survivor 填空。

1) She ____ survived ________ her sons.

2) There was only one _____ survivor _______ from the plane crash.

3) Hopes are fading for the ______ survival ________ of the missing climbers.

2. go hunting

hunt for sb. / sth. (=search for sb. / sth.)

hunt some place (=search some place)

hunt sb. / sth. down

hunt for a job 找工作

go on a deer hunt 去猎鹿

我到处在寻找我的短袜。I’ve hunted everywhere for my socks.

追捕罪犯hunt down a criminal

3. share vt. 分享；等分；共用 vi. 分担 n. 一份；份额；股份(pl.)

The boys shared the cake equally (平分了蛋糕).

They would share their joys and sorrows (同甘共苦).

I share with you in (与你分担) the cost.

Here is your share of the cake (你的一份蛋糕).

The company was formed with 2,000 shares (有2,000股).

SB1 Unit 2 English around the world

1. be / feel at home 随便，无拘束 make oneself at home 别拘束

at home and abroad 国内外

2. stay up / stay in / stay out

3. a great (good) many + n. (pl.)

a great (good) many of + them / the(these, those) + n. (pl.)

4. more or less

1) 表程度（=somewhat; almost）或多或少，在一定程度上

2）表数量（=about）,常位于数词之后，意为“大约”。

我或多或少成功了，但他们没有。

I’ve more or less succeed and they haven’t.

我们的生活水平在一定程度上提高了。

Our living conditions have more or less improved.

修车费大约要花50英磅。

The repairs to the car will cost ￡50.

5. replace (=take the place of) 代替，取代；(=put back)把……放回原处；更换，调换

take the place of / take place / in place of / take one’s place

6. come about / happen / take place / break out / occur

7. be independent of 独立于

depend on / upon

dependence / independence / dependent / independent

8. broad shoulder / back / chest / forehead

wide eye / mouth

【练习】

1. The dictionary still ________ where I ________ it a moment ago.

A. lies; laid B. lied; lay C. laid; laid D. lies; lay

2. There are strong _________ for and against capital punishment.

A. arguments B. statements C. assignments D. appointments

3. ________ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.

A. Improving B. To improve C. Improve D. Having improved

4. ---Mary looks hot and shy.

---So _______you if you had a high fever.

A. will B. would C. do D. did

5. ---It was fine yesterday.

---______. And a very day for fishing, isn’t it?

A. So it was B. It was so C. So it is D. So is it

6. Most of the Europeans refuse to accept GM food ______ Americans regard it as the fruit from hi-tech.

A. when B. as C. while D. before

7. With great efforts of the peace-loving people all over the world, the country _______ the war.

A. survived B. survived from C. survived on D. survived to

8. Chuck survives the crash and lands on a _______ island _________ there are no people.

A. deserting; which B. deserted; which C. deserted; where D. deserting; where

9. ---Jack, how did it _______ that you made so many mistakes in your homework?

---I myself haven’t figured them out yet.

A. come about B. occur to C. bring about D. get down

10. He ________ his old car for a new model as soon as she had won the money.

A. exchanged B. replaced C. improved D. turned

11. Nothing can ________ aeroplanes for speed and comfort.

A. equal to B. equal with C. compare with D. match with

12. The collapse of the World Trade Center has put US economy in a difficult __________.

A. occasion B. case C. situation D. background

13. You’re eighteen years old. You should ________ your family.

A. independent of B. independent from C. be independent of D. be independent from

14. ---Poor Tom! He will have to work all the coming month round.

---Luckily ______ the basketball games are held.

A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides

15. ---Would you take a short rest?

---OK. I’m________ tired after a long walk.

A. as a result B. more and more C. not a bit D. more or less

篇19：高考语文第一轮总复习提分卡：如何写好记叙文一(高三必修备课资料)

高考语文第一轮总复习提分卡：如何写好记叙文（一）(高三必修备课资料)

永昌一中    张含光

记叙文要学会描写技巧：

湖南近两年高考作文限制了文体，要求写记叙文或者议论文。可惜的是我们看到的不少数量的作文依然属于“四不象”文体，写出的多是一 些“散漫文”“杂交文”。记叙文是学生从小学三年级起步学写作文时就开始练习的文体，应该是一般考生最能得心应手的文体。     然而，很多高考记叙类作文，记事不知事件经过，难懂来龙去脉；写人让人难见 其人，更别说凸现人物形象、事件波澜起伏了。其实，生活中那么多活生生的人，各具 千秋的形象，只要我们细细观察、艺术再现，作文就可以写得极具个性神韵。 记叙文的表达技巧很多，比如倒叙、渲染、铺垫、照应 、伏笔、象征、讽刺、抑扬、悬念、蓄势、动静结合、虚实相生、点面结合、欲擒故纵、托物言志、借景抒情等。但记叙文主要表达手法还是描写、记叙。描叙水平的高低直接决定记叙文的水平高低。下边我们来谈谈记叙文的描叙技巧 ，以期对你写作记叙文有实际的帮助。 一、形神兼备写肖像

俄国果戈里说：“外形是理解人物的钥匙”，肖像刻画一般来说，是刻画人物不可缺少的。肖像主要指人的容貌、神情、姿态、衣饰等方面。形神兼备的肖像刻画有 助于揭示人物的性格特征和内心世界，表现出时代的特征；结合情节的发展，还能显示人物的命运。 下边举例介绍几种基本的肖像描写方法，以待启发。

1．从作者观察的角度写

“果真红衣人，振袖倾鬟，亭亭拈带。望见生人，遍室张皇。”(蒲松龄《聊斋志异辛十四娘》)

短短数语，把一个绝色少女的温柔、深情、差涩以至于手足无措的神情举止描绘得形象生动。 2．从其他人物观察的角度写

“庞统入见孙权。施礼毕，权见其人浓眼掀鼻，黑面短髯，形容古怪，心中不喜。”“统见玄德，长揖不拜。玄德见统貌陋，心中亦不悦。” (《三国演义》) 孙权、刘备都是礼贤下士，知人善任的“人主”，二人见了庞统都心中不悦，以此突出庞统相貌之奇丑。同时也暗寓下文“人不可貌相”之意。 3．从人物自我观察的角度写

“(吴荪甫和赵伯韬决战前做了一个恶梦，醒来后)无意在大衣镜前走过的时候一回头，吴荪甫又看见自己的脸上摆明了是一副败相。”(茅盾《子夜》)

从来不肯认输的吴荪甫，此时已是个内心充满了失败主义情绪和以前判若两人的人了。 4．描写人物在不同场合下的不同特点

契诃夫笔下的奥楚篾洛夫即是一个“变脸”的行家，惯于见风使舵。曹雪芹笔下的王熙凤在黛玉面前、贾母面前、在尤氏面前、在丫环下人面前，可以说更得脸谱变化的精神，把一个恶毒、伪善、欺下瞒上的变脸行家刻画得淋漓尽致。 5．描写人物在不同场合的同一特点

《三国演义》写诸葛亮从初次登场到魂归西天，在各种不同的场合中多次描写他羽扇纶巾、仪表从容、谈笑风生的丰采，运筹帷幄、决胜千里的气概。一部小说下来，孔明的指挥若定、飘然欲仙的神情仪态，早已深深印在读者心目中了。 6．工笔细描

“他穿的衣服，还是二十年前的新装，一件团花的官衫大褂，底下是白纺绸的衬衫，长长的领扣松散着，露着颈上的肉。他的衣服很舒展地贴在身上，整洁，没有一些尘垢。他有些胖，背微微地佝偻，他的半白的头发很滋润分梳到后面，还保持着昔日的丰采。在阳光下，他的脸呈着银灰色--”(曹禺《雷雨》) 对周朴园的肖像描写详细周全，由表及里，给人留下了他顽固、保守、自信、自负的`深刻印象。 7．简笔勾勒

“突然闯进了一个满脸横肉的人，披一件玄色布衫，散着纽扣，用很宽的玄色腰带，胡乱捆在腰间。”(鲁迅《药》)。

几笔勾勒出一个混混样的刽子手形象，尤其以玄色醒目，满身杀气。 8．侧面渲染

“行者见罗敷，下担捋髭须。少年见罗敷，脱帽著鞘头。耕者忘其犁，锄者忘其锄。来归相怨怒，但坐观罗敷。”(《陌上桑》)

罗敷之美，尽在读者的想像中，你想她有多美，她便有多美。连耕田犁地的农民都给她耽搁了工夫。 此外，还有对比描写，比喻、拟人、夸张手法的描写，与语言、行动、心理等描写相结合的一些方法，留与我们自己去感受、学习。 二、多彩语言显精神

高尔基说：“文学的第一要素是语言。”

人物的语言，是塑造人物形象的重要手段，古人说“言为心声”，可见语言是表达人物思想感情的工具，是展示人物性格特征的镜子，是袒露人物内心世界的窗户。历来优秀作家都十分重视人物语言的描写，常说的“如闻其声，如见其人”，既是对作家塑生动人物形象的高明技法的赞誉，也是语言描写的功能和作用的体现。那么，常用的语言描写技法有哪些呢？ 1．只言片语袒内心

有时塑造人物只选其三言两语，就能勾勒出他的性格特征，袒露他的内心世界。如高考满分作文《人与路》中市长的话： “我们的毛主席说过：人多力量大！知道为什么吗？”小诚茫然地摇摇头。“知道为什么我能当上市长吗？因为我有人哪！哈哈哈！有人就有路子，知道吗？你会知道的，好了，你可以走了，那笔款子你拨给我就是了。”

市长利用自己的职权迫使秘书拨款为自己办私事，这几句话语活灵活现地刻画出市长丑陋的嘴脸。 2．间接语言显形象

有时写人物，不从正面或直接描写，而通过他人的言语，现出人物形象。如汉乐府《陌上桑》中罗敷为应付太守的企求，尽情夸耀勾勒出一位风度翩翩、地位显赫的夫婿形象。罗贯中《三国演义》中写诸葛亮四擒孟获后，放回了孟获。孟获求救朵思大王。朵思献计的一大段话，间接而全面地介绍了山阴洞的地理环境：山险岭恶，道路狭窄；毒蛇恶蝎，烟瘴毒泉遍布。因而鸟兽俱无，人迹罕至。这是借人物的语言在描写诸葛亮五擒孟获的险恶环境。 3．“变色”嘴脸现原形

同一个人物在前后说出了不同的话来，表现出判若两人的形象。如契诃夫《变色龙》中的奥楚篾洛夫对同样一只狗而前后大相径庭的言语描写，就是采用的这种方法。还有《范进中举》中胡屠夫在范进中举前后截然不同的言语及态度，《制台见洋人》中媚外欺下的制台变脸谱式的语言和表演等等。 4．相同言语不同说

针对同一事物，不同身份地位，经历个性的人在传达自己的情意时，语言各具千秋，各显个性。如《水浒传》中写众人拥护宋江做寨主时各自的语言就极富个性。卢俊义：“兄长枉自多语，卢某宁死，实难从命。”吴用：“兄长为尊，卢员外为次，人皆所伏。兄长若是再三推让，恐冷了众人的心。” 李逵：“我在江州舍身拼命，跟将你来，众人都饶你一步。我自天也不怕！你只会让来让去，做甚鸟！我便样将起来，各自散伙！”武松：“哥哥手下许多军官，受朝庭诰命的，也只是让哥哥，如何肯从别人？”鲁智深：“若还兄长推让别人，洒家们各自撒开！”这些人，有的委婉含蓄，有的显露火暴，即使鲁莽也各不相同。 5．叙述手法写语言

这种间接手法笔墨经济，省却烦琐对话，用精炼语言突出人物特征。如鲁迅《祝福》中：“一见面是寒暄，寒暄之后说我‘胖了’，说我‘胖了’之后即大骂其新党。”朱自清《背影》：“他嘱我路上小心，夜里要警醒些，不要受凉。又嘱托茶房好好照应我。”也变对话为直接叙述。 此外，还有与其他描写配合运用进行语言描写的方法，辅以说话人的语调、神态、肖像等，让人如闻其声，如见其人。

张含光

篇20：高考语文第一轮总复习提分卡：扩展语句二(高三必修备课资料)

2011高考语文第一轮总复习提分卡：扩展语句（二）(高三必修备课资料)

永昌一中   张含光

1．组合式

命题提供一组词语，要求学生按照要求把提供的 词语组合在一起写出一个语段。

【例7】 以“黄昏、我、海风”中的“黄昏”为重点，运用想像写一段话。

掌握扩展语句的结构特点 【答案】 示例：在海风的陪伴下，我独自领略海的黄昏：落日熔金，她带着她的炽热还有一天的疲惫缓缓向西沉去，而海--她最宠爱又任性的孩子--正在撕裂，正在摔打，正在吼叫，想把心中的不满都发泄在礁石和沙滩上，但落日静穆地看着这一切，不为所动，继续带着她的宽容而慈祥的微笑缓缓地离去，她知道，搏击就是他的性格，就是他的生命。  2．扩展式

命题提供一句短语，要求学生按照一定的条件“添枝加叶”扩展成段，使其语意丰满。 【例8】 煤烟钻进窗户

①前扩式：几根烟囱中逃窜出来的张扬肆虐的煤烟钻进了窗户。

②中扩式：煤烟从几根烟囱中逃窜出来后，张扬肆虐地钻进了窗户。

③后扩式：煤烟钻进窗户后迅速肆虐地在室内弥漫开来。 3．续写式

命题者提供几句话，要求学生在已有语境的基础上续写一段话。

这种类型的扩展，既要考虑语意、语气，又要考虑句式，综合性强。 【例9】 请选择恰当的句子填充到句子中的①②处。

(雾中的松树)有风修剪的波浪形华盖，它们因风展开了飞翔的羽翼。从峰顶俯视，①________；从山腰仰视，②________。沿着岩壁折缝，一个个走将出来，薄纱轻绸，露出身段，翩然起舞。 A．①它们如天女，亭亭而玉立

②它们如苔藓，披覆住岩石

B．①它们如苔藓，披覆住岩石

②它们如天女，亭亭而玉立

【答案】 B 1．某学校为营造学校的文化氛围，要求学生为自己的宿舍拟一个三字室名，体现“雅居寄情”的主题。要求内容文雅、健康，富有文化内涵；并拟一副对联(30字以内)或写一段50字以内的话，解释室名的寓意。

基础题 志存高远之人，情趣高雅，室名也别具一格。蒲松龄有“聊斋”，梁实秋有“雅舍”，梁启超有“饮冰室”，冯友兰有“三松堂”，皆可谓风流雅致，超凡脱俗。

______________________________________ 【答案】 示例：从人生追求、事业理想方面入手：凌云斋--胸怀凌云壮志，心系天下苍生。书剑阁--观千柄剑而后识器，读万卷书而后晓理。

从修身养性、培养情操方面入手：勤虚斋--书山有路勤奋为径，学海无涯虚心是舟。书香斋--爱书藏书，始得书香四溢；读书研书，方能超凡脱俗。 从同学相处、同窗情谊方面入手：舒心阁--肝胆相照，心存舒爽。幽然居--无争无吵方知境幽，有谈有笑方知情谐。 2．下面是某酒店的提示语，请你补充完整，并分析其妙处所在。

你对我们的服务要是感到不满意，请告诉我们的经理；你对我们的服务要是满意，________

第一句的妙处是：  _________________

第二句的妙处是：_ _________________ 【答案】 示例：请告诉你的朋友。

第一句亲切友善，并不只是生硬地说，对我们的服务不满意，请到经理处投诉。

第二句委婉含蓄，言下之意为如果对我们的服务感到满意，请你为我们多宣传。 3．从下面的词或短语中选出8个，组成一副对联。

皆成梦幻 想到 无非 二三更时 无少长

凡功名 总是 睡至 俱是古人 一百年后

上联：______________________________

下联： ______________________________ 【答案】 示例：上联：睡至二三更时凡功名皆成梦幻

(或：凡功名睡至二三更 时皆成梦幻)

下联：想到一百年后无少长俱是古人

(或：无少长想到一百年后俱是古人) 4．就生活、学习中的某一问题，按要求把下面这段话补写完整。

泰戈尔有句名言：“不是槌的打击，而是水的载歌载舞，使卵石臻于完美。”

【甲】________________________________

【乙】________________________________

①在甲处补写一句过渡性的话。

②在乙处仿照泰戈尔名言的句式写一句话，谈谈自己的看法。 【答案】 示例：①教育孩子不也正是这样吗？②不是狂风暴雨式的训斥，而是春风化雨般的教导，使孩子健康成长。 5．请你把句子中“美丽”前面的修饰语转换成具体的意象，使其表述生动形象。

当你克服了自卑，增强了自信，你就会有一种无所畏惧的美丽，一种永不退缩的美丽。 【解析】 注意句式相同，要有具体意象。

【 答案】 示例：你就会有一种秋菊傲霜的美丽，一种冬梅笑雪的美丽。 1．(2009年全国Ⅱ高考)利用所给词语写一段话，介绍“征集全民健身口号”活动的结果，要求语意完整，句子通顺，字数在50～60之间。

来源广 一个月 入选口号 千余条 “我运动，我快乐”

____________________________________ 高考题 【解析】 本题考查扩展语句的能力。此题应扣住“征集全民健身口号”这一中心话题，然后组织各个词语。

【答案】 示例：全民健身口号征集活动在一个月里收到应征口号千余条，稿件来源广，参与人数多，经过评审，最终入选口号为“我运动，我快乐”。 2．(2009年江西高考)请展开想 像，写一段描绘某种情境的话，其中必须包含“流水”“星辰”和“读”3个词语。(50个字左右)

______________________________________

______________________________________ 【解析】 本题考查考生组织语言、扩展语句的能力。本题属于提供情景式扩展语句的试题，解题要抓住主题词，有情有境，生动形象，而且还要关照“想像”和“描写”。另外，要用思想统率 材料，不能生硬地堆砌词藻。 【答案】 示例：“馨园”内，绿树丛丛，鲜花盛开，前面是一条小溪，流水淙淙，景致特别幽美 。我静静地靠在一棵树上，入迷地 读起心仪已久的《红楼梦》。不知不觉，天空已是星辰点点，可我仍徜徉在“大观园”里，不能自已。 3．(2009年重庆高考)大型电视纪录片《再说长江》称重庆为“水火山城”。请分别用15～30字解读“水”与“火”的寓意。

“水”的寓意：______________________________________ “火”的寓意：_____________________________________ 【解析】 本题考查语言概括能力，对家乡地理特征的感知与表述能力。解答此类题一要审清题干要求，二要紧扣题干要点准确阐释。 【答案】 示例：(“水”的寓意：)重庆地处长江流域，坐落在长江一大支流--嘉陵江边，大小径流交错，降雨频多，地表水丰盈四溢，故曰水城。(“火”的寓意：)重庆处于暖湿气流的控制下，地势低洼，夏季炎热高温，故曰火城。    一、未能运用正确的表达方式，导致答题失误

根据所给材料，推断出一个合理的结论。

看看我们的周围吧。每一棵树，每一叶草，每一朵花，每一只鸟，都不化妆。面对骄阳，面对风雪，它们都本色而自然。它们会衰老和凋零，这也是一种真实啊！

结论：作为万物之灵的人类____________________________________

_________ ___________________________ 【考生答案】 我们的本色是这样的美好，无论你是一位男人还是一位女人，自然的你就是最美的你。

【现场点评】 解答本题时要抓住材料中的“都不化妆”“本色而自然”“真实”等关键处来组织答案。此题的失误是不能正确运用议论的表达方式，对“结论”二字把握不到位。 【正确答案】 更应追求本色，追求自然，无须刻意修饰、打扮自己。为何要把自己藏在脂粉和油彩的后面呢？ 二、审题不准，未能针对特定要求扩写

根据下面特定情景扩展一段描写性语段，要求具体、优美。

(1)森林里换了一番秋景。

(2)松鼠正准备过冬。

【考生答案】 学生A

(1)秋天来了，森林里有了 秋的韵味。天气冷起来，北风呼呼地吹着，小动物忙着过冬，树叶也都落了，天气一天天冷起来，一夜北风，终于下起了皑皑白雪。 (2)松鼠是一种驯良的`小动物，它性格很温和，喜欢吃松子、榛子，它有巨大的尾巴，像降落伞一样帮它保持平衡，松鼠也是冬眠的动物。 学生B

(1)一层秋雨一层凉了。秋天在秋雨中悄悄降临了，森林里的秋天也来到了，森林里换了一番秋景。

(2)冬天到来了，动物们往往为食物发愁，它们在秋天储存食物，松鼠也忙着准备过冬。 【现场点评】 (1)学生A所扩写的内容脱离题目的要求，没有突出中 心，忽略情境设置。

学生B所扩写的内容太笼统缺乏具体描述，语言太苍白。 (2)扩展语句答题时，一定要审清题目要求，所给的词语必须放进扩写内容之中，以规定词为重点，符合规定情景。例如：

①森林里换了一番秋景。必须明确所描写的是秋天的景象，而且还必须是森林里的秋天的景象，所选取的景物就必须是森林里的秋天景物，这几个重点必须抓准。 ②松鼠正准备过冬。明确的是：松鼠这种小动物为过冬做了什么事情，抓住松鼠的习性特点。 (3)扩展语句中常见的要求是使扩展后句子形象、生动。为达到这一目的，可使用比喻、拟人等修辞手法，也可以运用描写等表达方式，还可以运用一些恰到好处的词语。 这就要求我们在平时阅读中积累一些生动的文章或语段，揣摩其中妙处，建议可以建立摘抄本抄写积累较生动的文章或语段，以提高自己的语言表达 能力。 【正确答案】 (1)一到秋天，森林里又换了一番景色：落叶树的叶子变成了金黄色，不落叶的树显得更苍翠了，各种山果子都熟了，榛子、野枣、山里红，说也说不完。

(2)松鼠忙起来了，它不停地把各种山果子搬进洞里，准备度过漫长而寒冷的冬天。

张含光

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