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英文学习计划书范文

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英文学习计划书范文

篇1：英文学习计划书

一、总则：

1、坚持每一天，充分利用一切可以利用的时间学英语。没有持之以恒的学习和大量的时将做保障，一切都是空谈。3nA英语帮 - 免费在线英语学习听力口语练习大中小学四六级GRE托福商务英语资料教材下载

2、每天听写一篇文章，以此文章为中心，展开一天的学习。3nA英语帮 - 免费在线英语学习听力口语练习大中小学四六级GRE托福商务英语资料教材下载

3、听说读写译五项都要练，以听说为主。3nA英语帮 - 免费在线英语学习听力口语练习大中小学四六级GRE托福商务英语资料教材下载

4、求质不求量，把听写的文章彻底搞懂足矣，不要好大喜功，贪大贪快。扎扎实实，按部就班，是学好英语的必经之路。3nA英语帮 - 免费在线英语学习听力口语练习大中小学四六级GRE托福商务英语资料教材下载

5、把零碎的时间充分利用起来学英语，不断地重复。3nA英语帮 - 免费在线英语学习听力口语练习大中小学四六级GRE托福商务英语资料教材下载

6、听写是个学习英语的好方法，要继续加强。3nA英语帮 - 免费在线英语学习听力口语练习大中小学四六级GRE托福商务英语资料教材下载

7、早睡早起学英语。3nA英语帮 - 免费在线英语学习听力口语练习大中小学四六级GRE托福商务英语资料教材下载 8、抓住一套教材足矣，不要盲目的更换教材。3nA英语帮 - 免费在线英语学习听力口语练习大中小学四六级GRE托福商务英语资料教材下载

9、每天学习英语必须要有详细可行的计划，必须坚决执行，没有任何借口。3nA英语帮 - 免费在线英语学习听力口语练习大中小学四六级GRE托福商务英语资料教材下载

10、相信自己，一定能够学好英语

篇2：工作计划书英文-年度英语学习计划

早上6点-8点：一日之计在于晨，对一般人来说，疲劳已消除，头脑最清醒，体力亦充沛，是学习的黄金时段早上8点-9点：据试验结果显示，此时人的耐力处于最佳状态，正是接受各种“考验”的好时间可安排难度大的攻坚内容上午9点-11点：试验表明这段时间短期记忆效果很好对“抢记”和马上要考核的东西进行“突击”，可事半功倍正午13点-14点：饭后人易疲劳，夏季尤其如此休息调整一下，养精蓄锐，以利再战最好休息，也可听轻音乐但午休切莫过长下午15点-16点：调整后精神又振，试验表明，此时长期记忆效果非常好可合理安排那些需“永久记忆”的东西傍晚17点-18点：试验显示这是完成复杂计算和比较消耗脑力作业的好时间这段时间适宜做复杂计算和费劲作业晚饭后：应根据各人情况妥善安排早晚背英语单词效果都很好哦，词汇量是英语的重点，可以结合有效的记忆法和工具达到事半功倍的效果，我上次发现个学英语的利器“恒星英语学习网”，网址是，嘿嘿一般人我不告诉哦~还有，趁有功夫时练练体育吧.

篇3：计划书英文

Product introduction：

Multifunctionalelectronic entertainment module is based on advanced connect and display technology, there s a smallwireless in each module and every module can combine together by specialviscidity surface material. Every module includes different function such asmusic, video, phone, print, camera, game, etc. It’s fashion and flexible to use.

Traditional or direct marketing channel:

I think direct maketing channel will be more coincident with our situation. Next three reasons will support my opinion.

1. Traditional ways will require many stores, we don’t have enough money to set up these stores.

2. Our product is innovative, mostly consumers of this product will suit to modern direct retailing.

3. Direct retailing is more efficient. People can buy the product anywhere as long as they can use the internet. On the contrary， only people near the store can buy our product if we chose traditional way. Maketing online:

We have many reasons to chose this maketing channel.

1. It’s very convinient.Because online shop can open twenty hours, people can buy our product at anytime.

2. It reduces number of traditional middlemen, so it can save much of our cost.

3. Goods online is more cheap when compared with goods in the real store.So we can sell much more our product.

篇4：计划书英文

20**in marketing plans ,

Work on a priority in the past year, im a joint efforts, the market development work was crowned with a result, their market shares and profits Contribute to higher performance indicators for the new product line with the red.

but in marketing, and there

are some problems that need in this years work to improve and perfect.

the marketing department last year in accordance with market developments and achievements of the rivals sale, and sketched the objective Below 40% to be grazing：market share of profits reached a new product Contribute to higher x%.

income tax on profits Contribute to higher goods to x%.

second, support and supplement the work to make up for a years work, and to better accomplish the objectives, should do well in the following work ( A) unity in thinking and clearly define responsibilities marketing plan on january 4, 10～organization job skill training, the main purpose is to be grazing：the marketing staff clear in the market strategies, thinking and understanding ;

ii let the market Things more from the office of the functions of the free and marketing strategy planning and strategy to develop and market research and development of the basic functions such as posts in consumer demand ; history3 set up for market development, and reduce the need to (B)

( Two )In place marketing, to the market in this year will start the batch and in phases to a Marketing keyIn place, so close to the market, a better finish the job market.

the marketing department personnel to perform the following work：

( 1 ) through comprehensive research and market order and pertinently bring out the market promotion scheme ;

( agent to collect 2 ) competitive price of goods and information, and capture markets consumption demand with the industry development trend of the proposed ( Three ) guidance to the standardized construction market and promoting the healthy and steady development ;

( four ) pertinently formulated and the implementation of the product promotion plan for market promotion, and policies for use with the implementation of the verification and found to be communicated promptly.

( five ) on-time and comprehensive publicity and implementation of the company policy to promote a persons capacity ; ( six ) in the market practice and collation Best cases, the method to sum up experience and recommend Three .

full members and to improve the organization as the business of the marketing staff, obviously is overloaded, in a year later in the work efficiency is, therefore, this years marketing plan to increase the manning of the following posts ( meet the demand.

the marketing schedule ) staff post the name of the members of the main contents of the requirements demand work when the sale of three ~ six Three, the schedule

1 .promote brands corporate brand after years of operation of the market, with a certain competitive advantage and for the swift expansion of our products market share and to get a product brands development, and we will be in the companys development strategy for the core, from the brand image and product markets construction, location, network marketing four aspects of the planning system

brand promotion strategy.

the brand image (1 ) ( 2 ) product is passed down if Competitive price.

for example, our “apple” brand positioning is the top end of the consumers, on the price must be able to demonstrate its distinctive “identity” ; “apple” brand positioning is the needs of wage earners in the price to more than the same price advantage.

2 .of sales network sales channels construction is i, too, are we with the other competitors in the competitive advantage and for many years of operation of the market, we have established a line from city to a sales network The second line city, my sales a terminal have increasingly cant meet the needs and improved from three to the countryside to cities Dense the sales network in the marketing department this year will be the main objectives.

Three .marketing ( one) actively using internal promotion and recruitment web site of the enterprises and brand.

( two ) in the national expertise in newspapers and magazines and tv media published advertisements and soft, the expansion of brand recognition.

( three ) an active part in major industry sectors of national conferences, exhibitions, social commonweal activities and as dealers organised various forms of lectures, to promote products such meetings and publicity to show the company and products.

( four ) use of various forms and the Four, progress in the marketing department for the work of the content of the work schedule 1 as follows.

specific .the first quarter of the work of the first quarter of the work schedule.

one：sure this years publicity strategy: two：with the market work out a plan of action for three：satisfy the market and customers records building four：put up at the conference completed six：ago the design plan seven：planning to launch the activities of the prizes Seven：planning to launch the activities of the prizes .

The second quarterly progress Second: one：planning to launch promotion activities.

The second quarter ; series of promotional activities carried out two Three .

the third quarter of our work on september one july and august work：the publicity plans for the implementation of two：pop up and strengthening propaganda and three：summer marketing activities in the fourth quarter to four .

progress of work on october one november december：two promotion for the implementation of two calendar：and yearbooks and issued three：the completion of the target market ago advertising efforts of the work done in four：summary The above are my plans.

thank you in in marketing

Lingda 20** in january 3

篇5：计划书英文

Contents

1: Company Overview

2: products, services and industry introduction

3: the competitive advantage of the product or service 4: industry or market

5: basic business model

6: Studio development plan (goals)

7: planned use of funds

8: Competition and Risk

9: production and management

10: service mode

11: Service and operate the facility

12: availability

13: key technical personnel

14: Market Analysis

15: Marketing and Sales

16: Research and Development

17: enterprise content management

18: Directors and officers

19: salary system and R & D expenses

20: Profit and investment proposals

一：Company Overview

Muz studio network services, Internet intermediaries nature's studio, located in Moscow , contact telephone number is 0123456789, was established in May 1, , Contact: Chen.

Muz network studios for web services, providing Moscow Chinese investors demand information collection and collation, is to provide service studio.

二：products, services and industry introduction

1, the site's development will bring in advertising revenue, but not the main source of income, website development when immature (less than 200 registered companies) charge; Website Development mature (more than 200 registered companies), the initial price will be $ 100 per month, according to market conditions will not fall below the minimum $ 20 (small ads), the highest not expected to exceed $ 500 per month.

2, the main source of income for sales escrow payment card direct revenue. Website Development immature (more than 200 registered companies) services provided as a free, Web Development mature (more than 200 registered companies), each company's average service fee will not be less than 50 dollars per month.

三：The competitive advantage of the product or service

Major competitors for the Chinese-language newspaper, wide coverage has now occupied the entire Moscow Chinese market, mainly on the future development of the newspaper more fresh content driven advertising, advertising is a major business expansion in Moscow Chinese way, the newspaper printing costs and cost of sales are higher than the network.

For technical reasons, the newspaper can not provide a convenient supply and demand information online self, newspaper companies inconvenient for customers in a timely manner will release their products to the newspaper's Web site for the timely release.

Muz network services provided are: to facilitate online customers with timely communication, supply and demand information dissemination and gathering. In the pay period of service, customers can easily publish their products online, with online easy way to the emergence of supply and demand information, the site will occupy part of the supply and demand of advertising newspaper advertising market share, which is Muz network development provides a good space.

四：Industry or market

Supply and demand information network in Moscow's famous self-help websites almost none.

Muz site is supply and demand of the Moscow region's first self-help Chinese site, which make up the majority of Chinese investors in Moscow Russian master deficiencies.

五：Basic business model

Muz studio set up in the domestic site server maintenance by the members of the studio in Moscow. Website provides information includes: the Internet to find local characteristics in line with the information Moscow by Moscow, Russian media finished article. Then transferred to profit stage, using from zero from a way that will fully meet the profitability requirements.

六：Studio development plan (goals)

1) Recent Development Goal (1 year), and gradually increase visibility, within a year, will extend its influence to the whole Moscow Chinese, free service can achieve their goals.

2) long-term development goals (2-3 years), measures for the smooth conduct of fees, charges start from zero and gradually achieve profitability; For subsequent competitors compete effectively compete for capital for professional software development capabilities with an accumulated during the year popularity.

七：Planned use of funds

Staff costs start from the second half of the first year $ 100 $ 500 * 5 =

Transport costs in the first year $ 100 * 10 = 1000 $

The first year of internet access 50 * 10 = 500 $ $

First year of the advertising costs 50 $ * 10 = 500 $

$ 500 the first year of Dedicated Server

Total 3000 $

八：Competition and Risk

operating a variety of business , education agents and

Newspaper sales as the main source of income comes from its main competitive pressures the company's newspaper ads and website advertising , but its Web site technology is weak , on the site less competitive pressure generated , Muz Alibaba website will rely on similar but not the same service system overcome its pressure generated due to technical deficiencies .

九：Production and management

Start early, active pull some customers to join the site and take the initiative to help them publish their products free of charge to Muz website, accumulated pre-demand information, this part of the main supply and demand information obtained through other media, in the maintenance base, and with attentive service win the trust of their Website. To maintain the link between the company and the effort to get feedback, recording as many cases of successful trading, posted to the website to encourage other companies to join.

Ready to start charging; preparation phase, the level of support in accordance with each company, Delta card payment web services, and to ensure that existing registered companies allow access for some time, and can publish their information.

Start charging when facing new companies charge a small service fee will not exceed $ 50 per month. Then have registered for the better efficiency of the company, started by family service fee.

十：Service mode

Technically site is relatively mature, the process of updating the website for technical talent requires less maintenance on the website within the company has the talent can be improved in the pre-free maintenance. Website development stage, and each company will remain frequent and regular home telephone contacts and maintain good relations with these.

十一：Service and operate the facility

Website can be updated at any one computer can access the Internet to complete, a key part of the technical maintenance also just have a computer with Internet access company will be completed. Customers are also in use on their computers via the Internet to complete.

十二：Availability

As part of the network services industry does not need to produce the desired type of industry supply channels. For the technical side, the studio itself is involved in personnel Moscow State University Department of Computer Science students can independently complete the program maintenance, and some key part of the source code for developers to solve domestic outsourcing, you need a small amount of Flash ad production staff, the cheap domestic professionals through outsourcing solution.

十三：Key technical personnel

The studio itself is a founder and technical personnel, Chen planned and implemented major work sites, Liu Jie also have a website production experience, Mark familiar Website preparation of the code, the three will serve as key management, will also be in contact business fully play its role. There are some technical maintenance workshop led by domestic Ni Zhengdong do certain aspects of maintenance, including the source code of dressing. Content on the website, will hire part-time staff updates, a non-technical work, staff costs depending on income distribution, the total staff costs around 100 dollars each month.

十四：Market Analysis

Analysis of Chinese investors in Moscow market needs of user groups is self-employed commodities get more local buyers, mature after Muz can help meet this demand, the demand for the laws and regulations related to consulting, the company registered in Moscow , identity authentication, ticket purchase, as well as the guidance of Moscow life, etc., Muz Website advantage by virtue of the site to meet those needs.

User group for the Chinese investors in Moscow, a small part of Moscow students. As low operating costs, the Russian general consumption level is high, the low level of domestic consumption, the use of domestic production staff and network operating costs in Moscow localized network services operating Chinese demand, profitability becomes possible, and the profit margin is higher.

十五：Marketing and Sales

Service charges fees for the purchase of the studio way passwords printed recharge card or studio personnel door service fee approach. Recharge card printing, will be outsourced to Moscow phone card sales network, using its already mature sales network prepaid card sold will achieve long-term goals to charge high user groups, user groups independently buy cards enjoy the service.

After-sales service

Door service including large companies use someone to help guide, small and medium companies to achieve active telephone guidance, individual users to give some answers online, all customer information through the Website set up registration information database to obtain the client company, the initiative will bring customers to a customer service friendly enjoy the service experience.

十六：Research and Development

The generation of new services for the development of a new network service program, the old program to upgrade services and new program development, one needs an annual $ 200 per year. Future network service program will continue to improve, and now outsourced coding in the case of funds can hire specialized technical backbone for the studio, and outsource more domestic program design studio to complete the new program requirements.

Part of the network management program research tasks will guide the completion of the studio, the studio future earnings 30% will be used to support new service development.

十七：Enterprise content management

Senior management - information update section, business and service department, technical development and maintenance department, sales department.

Information update section: two contract workers hired to complete the number of updates, released after examination.

Business and Service Department: salesman turns provide on-site services and contact the business, demand for part-time workers 10 people, in accordance with the quantity of business to receive bonuses.

Technology Development and Maintenance Department: studio executives to work for both technical maintenance personnel.

Sales: the executives and outsourcing specialized marketing agency is completed.

十八：Directors and officers

Director Chen has veto power 22 years studying at the Moscow State University, Department of Computer Science has five years of experience in the production Website, participate in the planning Muz Business Network.

Liu Jie, director of veto 22 years studying at the Moscow State University Department of Computer Science has

Making personal website experience, the ability to modify the website code, participate in the planning Muz Business Network.

Mark Board veto 21 years studying at Moscow State University Philosophy

Department website production has basic knowledge, familiar with html language, common planning Muz Business Network.

十九：Salary system and R & D expenses

Remuneration system and R & D expenses (personnel, equipment, facilities, research, office expenses, etc.)

Founder of the studio executives who, within a year before the site is not income will not leave, do not receive remuneration. Outsourcing tasks estimated expenditure does not exceed $ 200 each, employing an average of 50 dollars per person per month, six months after the employees need to be flexible Flash authoring a person, information updating a person, salesman a person.

Research and development expenses (personnel, equipment, facilities, research, office expenses, etc.)

Server rental fee $ 500

Staff costs: six months after the first year, $ 100 per month

3 computers: each worth $ 1,000 (existing)

Office space: $ 350 per month (can not)

Transportation fee: $ 50 per month

Internet: USD 50 per month

Selling expenses (channels, marketing costs, etc.): $ 600 the first year, the second year of 2400 dollars

二十：Profit and investment proposals

the first year of negative profit $ -3,000

The second annual profit 7800-4800 = 3000

The third annual profit 21600-4800 = 16800

The fourth annual profit 36000-4800 = 31200

(Market development in accordance with the expectations envisaged development)

Funding gap: 3000 USD:

Invested $ 3,000, accounting for 10% stake out of the way for the sale of shares at any time.

Loans up to $ 3,000 loan 3 years, the return of 3600 dollars, no equity.

篇6：计划书英文

精编资料

商业计划书模板---英文版BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATEBUSINESS PLAN[My Company]123 Main

StreetAnytown, USA 10000123-4567[Your Name][DATE]TABLE OF CONTENTS...

商业计划书

商业计划书模板---英文版

BUSINESS PLAN TEMPLATE

BUSINESS PLAN

[My Company]

123 Main Street

Anytown, USA 10000

123-4567

[Your Name]

[DATE]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary .......................................................................................................................................... 1

Management ..................................................................................................................................................... 2

[Company] History ............................................................................................................................................. 5

[Product/Service] Description ............................................................................................................................ 7

Objectives.......................................................................................................................................................... 9

Competitors ..................................................................................................................................................... 10

Competitive Advantages ................................................................................................................................. 11

Innovation ........................................................................................................................................................ 13

Pricing ............................................................................................................................................................. 14

Specific Markets .............................................................................................................................................. 15

Growth Strategy .............................................................................................................................................. 16

Market Size and Share .................................................................................................................................... 17

Targeting New Markets ................................................................................................................................... 18

Location ........................................................................................................................................................... 19

Manufacturing Plan ......................................................................................................................................... 20

Research & Development ............................................................................................................................... 21

Historical Financial Data ................................................................................................................................. 22

Proforma Financial Data ................................................................................................................................. 23

Proforma Balance Sheet ................................................................................................................................. 26

Cost Control .................................................................................................................................................... 27

Effects of Loan or Investment ......................................................................................................................... 28

Attachments .................................................................................................................................................... 29

Executive Summary [My Company] was formed as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation] in [Month, Year] in [City, State], by [John Doe] in response to the following market conditions:

[Startup, growth] opportunities exist in [Product/Service].

The need for use of efficient distribution and financial methods in these overlooked markets.

[I/We] have several customers who are willing to place large [orders,contracts] within the next three months.

Several other prospective [customers/clients] have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months. [I/We] previously owned a company that was active in the widget markets. Over the past few years I spent much time studying ways to improve overall performance and increase profits. This plan is a result of that study. The basic components of this plan are:

1. Competitive pricing

2. Expand the markets

3. Increased advertising

4. Lower our unit costs,

5. Thereby achieving higher profits.

1. Sign contracts

2. Increased advertising 3. Increase office staff

To this end, [I/we] need investment from private individuals and/or companies. A total of $XXX is

being raised which will be used to finance working capital, plant and equipment. The company will be incorporated and common stock issued to investors. The company will be run as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation].

Financial Goals Sales Net Income Earnings per

Year 1 $25,000 .01 Year 2 $250,000 .12 Year 3 $375,000 .14

Management

[Name] [Title][Experience]Sales growth from zero to $1,000,000 in five years.Led market in market share - 30%.

Formulated advertising budgets & campaigns.

Pioneered new distribution channels. Established national sales force.

Established national repair & service centers.

Brought new and innovative products to the market.

Designed point-of-purchase materials.

[Education}

University of Boston

Boston, MA

B.A. - Computer Sciences

President

篇7：计划书英文

二十一世纪是一个科学文化快速发展、国际交流不断增强的时代，而英语作为国际通用的语言，其地位就愈加重要。为了使大学生们在学好中国语言文化的同时加强对外国语言文化的了解，在多方位的比较中加深对人类文化的理解，增强人文素养，提高综合素质，浓厚校园文化氛围，提升同学们学习英语的热情和兴趣，校学生会女生工作部和留学工作部特此策划合办英文征文大赛。

一·活动宗旨：

征文活动将本着为同学服务，为校园服务，为文学服务的宗旨。将我们的情感与才能通过我们自己的文笔展现在众人面前，

二·活动主题：

1针对中西方文化的不同，谈谈你的看法

2针对神舟七号的升空，谈谈你的感想

三·活动目的：

展示英语才能，传播青春时尚

四·活动内容：

本次征文活动，能够丰富校园文化生活，营造校园英语学习氛围，为校园原创作品提供一个展现的舞台，让我们的才能有一个挥洒的空间，让一股清新的文学风弥漫在我们的菁菁校园。因此，本次活动现面向全校同学征集稿件，为同

学们提供一个表达自我，展现自我的舞台。

五·活动安排：

1 活动宣传：

由女工部与留学部拟定关于活动时间地点及参与方式的通知，交由宣传部制作宣传海报，在全校范围内张贴宣传。

2 活动时间:

(1）稿件征集日期：10月21日至11月5日

（2）结果公布日期：11月10日

3 交稿地点：

校学生会女工部及留学部办公室

4 活动形式：

本次活动将在全校举办，以保证我们参加本次大赛稿件的广泛性。后请参赛选手按照规定的截稿日期将稿件交给女工部或留学部办公室。

5 活动要求：

1本次活动本着公平公正的原则进行。

2投稿文章主题可从活动主题中任选一个，题材不限。

3投稿文章内容积极向上，必须为原创作品，不得抄袭、套改。

4稿件请注明作者的真实姓名及详细的联系方式。

六·奖项设置：

一等奖 3名荣誉证书

二等奖 5名荣誉证书

三等奖10名荣誉证书

优秀奖20名荣誉证书

七·评比方法：

1将所交稿件由两部合作进行初审，审核的主要目的是参赛者所提交作品的真实性和可读性。

2最后由学校教师统一评判，筛选出最终的优秀作品。

八·结果公布：

将以海报形式在全校范围内公布获奖名单及获奖作品。

校学生会女工部

xx年10月19日

篇8：计划书英文

Catering business plan

一、创业经营宗旨和理念One, entrepreneurship, purpose and philosophy 明月西餐厅的经营宗旨为：“著意求新，以客为尊”，经营理念为“极意营造幽雅、舒适、休闲之气氛，融汇西方餐馆美食”。Moon restaurant business purpose as: “deliberately Innovation, customer-oriented” business philosophy is “intended to create a very elegant, comfortable, leisure atmosphere, integrate Western restaurant cuisine.”

二、市场定位Second, market positioning

1. 选址方面：明月西餐厅位于学院的美食街内，与连串的快餐店连在一起，但都作为美食街唯一的西餐厅 . 与其它快餐店所不同的是有更好的就餐环境和更优质的服务。 1 Location: the moon restaurant is located within the School Food Street, with a series of fast food together, but are as the only restaurant food court with other fast food restaurants the difference is that there is a better dining environment and better quality of service.

2. 格调方面：明月西餐厅为温馨浪漫的风格，为顾客提供优质的服务，给顾客贵族式的享受，力求营造一种幽雅、舒适、休闲的消费环境，引导消费者转变消费观念，向崇尚自然、追求健康方面转变。 2 category:the moon restaurant is warm and romantic style, to provide customers with quality service, giving customers

aristocratic enjoyment, and strive to create an elegant, comfortable and relaxing

environment for consumption, and guide consumers to change consumer attitudes, to advocate Naturally, the pursuit of health changes.

3. 校园市场环境方面：校园经济的市场有很广的发展领域，消费者也是很单纯的消费，相对外部市场竞争要小，个体经营单纯，以小投资为主，服务于在校大学生。 3 campus market environment: Campus has a very broad market economy development areas, consumer spending is also very simple, relatively external market competition to small, self-employed simply to small investment-based, service to the college students.服务于学生，应该提供最优质的服务，首先，要吸引学生的注意目光，让他们能在最短的时间来光顾本店，所运用的营销方法是多种途径的；其次，是怎样达到以下营销效果Serving the students, should provide the best quality service, first of all, to attract the attention of students eyes, so that they can in the shortest possible time to shop, and by the use of marketing methods are a variety of ways; secondly, how to achieve the following marketing effectiveness

潜在客户Potential customers

现实客户Real customers

满意客户Satisfied customers

美誉度Reputation

所运用的营销方法也是多种多样的。By the use of marketing methods are varied.

4.SWTO 分析 4.SWTO analysis

学院现有一万三千几个师生，调查资料表明他们多消费用于饮食方面占了 54.7% ，正因如此，饮食也是在学校创业首选之路。Several existing thirteen thousand college students, the survey data show that more than they consume diet accounted for 54.7 per cent,which is why diet is also the preferred way

entrepreneurship in schools.消费对象比例图如下：Object of consumption ratio is as follows:

同时在校院里经营西餐厅的 SWTO 分析图如下：While in the school yard run restaurant in SWTO analysis is as follows:

S ：美食街附近是男生宿舍最聚中的地方，偶尔去美食街的人占了全师生S: Food Street near the dorm together in most places, and occasionally go to the food court of the people accounted for the entire student

W ：大多数学生都习惯了到快餐和学校所设的饭堂就餐，对于西餐厅来说不那么的习惯，但资料表明对西餐厅有兴趣尝试的占了W: most students are accustomed to fast food and school canteen dining set, it is not so for the restaurant

habit, but the data show that the western restaurant are interested in trying to account for

O ：现时有 40.2% 师生觉得现在学校最缺的服务是就餐环境，而适合明月西餐厅设计是幽雅、舒适、休闲的消费环境，这可表明了，明月西餐厅开业后会有更受欢迎的可能性。O: At present, 40.2% students feel that the school is sorely lacking service dining environment, and suitable moon design is elegant restaurant, comfortable and relaxing environment for consumption, which may indicate that the moon, the West will be more popular after the restaurant opened possibilities.

T ：美食街有众多快餐店和学校内有五间饭堂T: Food Street, there are many fast food restaurants and school canteens within five

三．III.管理理念Management philosophy

1. 尊重餐饮业人员的独立人格1.Respect catering staff independent

personality

2 互相监督：管理层监督员工的工作，同时员工也可以向上级提出自己的意见或见解 2 mutual supervision: management oversight staff, while employees can submit their views to their superiors or opinion

3 营造集体氛围：既要上下属感受到西餐厅纪律的严明，也要关怀员工，让员工感受到来自集体的温暖，有利于加强凝聚力，提高工作积极性 3 to create a

collective atmosphere: both to subordinates feel restaurant on strict discipline, but also caring staff, so that employees feel the warmth from the collective, is conducive to strengthening cohesion, improve work motivation

4. 公平对待，一视同仁，各尽所能，发挥才干 4 treated fairly, equally, whatever, ability to play

四．Four.产品介绍Products

以西式扒类为主，结合快餐、中西炖汤、中西式局饭、皇牌主食套餐，小食天地、美颜甜品、水吧饮料等来满足消费者的需求：Western-style steak, combined with fast food, Chinese and Western stew, rice and Western Bureau, Ace staple food packages, snacks world, beauty dessert, bar drinks, etc. to meet consumer needs:

1. 推出皇牌主食套餐，经济实惠，例如：泰汁鸡扒印尼炒饭套餐、青咖喱猪颈肉扒伴意粉套餐、鳗鱼泰汁鸡扒局饭套餐等，各套餐还配有（粟米忌廉汤、油菜、热奶茶或冻柠乐），最适合校园情侣品味。 1 Release Ace staple packages, affordable, such as: Thai Sauce Chicken Indonesian fried rice packages, Green Curry Grilled pork neck with Spaghetti packages, eel sauce Thai Chicken Rice Set bureau, etc. Each package comes with (corn bogey Lian Tang, rape, hot tea or iced lemon music), the most suitable campus couple taste.

篇9：计划书英文

In order to make the food and beverage business more successful, develop a detailed food and beverage business plan is very necessary. How to develop the catering business plan according to the actual situation? Here is a Japanese Hand-Pulled Noodle shop business plan, for reference.

The restaurant name: Hand-Pulled Noodle Master house

Location: Keelung city love three road near the McDonald's

Business philosophy: mainly to Japanese cuisine, to allow customers to enjoy the delicious Japanese Hand-Pulled Noodle, giving customers a comfortable dining environment, and there is little Keelung Hand-Pulled Noodle shop, if the customer would have been good soup home.

Subject and object: in the vicinity of the office workers and students.

Once customers: Keelung temple tourists.

Main competition: Keelung Temple of the mouth of the food stalls and near the restaurant.

Competition: near the fast food industry and 7-11.

Market analysis:

The 1 is near the temple snacks and fast food restaurants, we have to respond to M type society, so to civilian price to attract consumers to meet the various consumer groups.

2 in the vicinity of 50 meters there is a parking lot, very convenient, to solve the problem of consumer parking.

3 although Japanese cuisine in general are quite expensive, we will try to launch packages, complimentary drinks and dishes, the price would be around 150~200.

Expenditure and net profit:

Shop cost: NT $12 million (the same below)

One month store rent: 100 thousand

Table number: 18 tables (sitting over 72 people) a person spending to 200 yuan, 2 times a day, one day turnover: 28800 yuan, a total turnover of 864000 yuan

Employee salary:

Field salary: 19000 yuan (a month), the number of 5, 95000 yuan a month

The 24000 yuan (a month), the number of 3, 7 yuan a month

The work hour: 100 yuan, the number of 2, 8 hours a day only on holiday, 8 days a month to 12800 yuan

Total amount: 179800 yuan

Water and electricity gas:

Electricity bill: 80000 yuan a month 40000 yuan

Gas: VAT 800 yuan once called 4 barrels, 3 times per month, 9600 yuan a month

Total amount: 49600 yuan

Food ingredients:

Face: 2500 yuan a day, 75000 yuan a month

Dish money: 20xx yuan a day, 60000 yuan a month

Meat: 5500 yuan (two days), a month 82500 yuan

Miscellaneous: 1000 yuan (one day), 30000 yuan a month

Seafood: 3500 (one day), 105000 yuan a month

Total amount: 352500 yuan

Drinks:

Lemon 80 kg 15 yuan, 1 kg per month, 1200 yuan a month

Black tea a bag of 120 yuan, 30 bags per month, 3600 yuan a month

Milk 1 bottles 125, 15 bottles per month, 1875 yuan a month

Total amount: 6675 yuan

Net profit: Day: 15656 yuan: Zhou: 109592 yuan: month: 438368 yuan: year: 5260416 yuan

According to the current estimate of about two and a half can be returned to

篇10：计划书英文

英语商业计划书（Business Plan）

第一讲：概述

第二讲：现状分析

第三讲：目标确定

第四讲：组织结构

第五讲：产品分析

第六讲：市场分析

第七讲：市场策略

第八讲：生产分析

第九讲：财务分析

第十讲：附件

第一讲：概述(executive summary)

概述是整个商业计划的第一部分，相当于整个商业计划的浓缩，使整个商业计划的精华所在。一般将概述放在最后书写，页数应控制在2页以内。

概述应包括的基本内容有：

企业的宗旨，例如：

In 20xx, ABC Corporation was created to...

Now, ABC Corporation is at a point where…

背景介绍，例如：

For many years people have…

The condition of the industry today is such that…

产品或服务及市场竞争情况，例如：

We have just completed the development of S30 – a novel

and proprietary construction tool

Compared to competitive products, our s30 can…

企业目标，例如：

Our objective, at this time, is to propel the company into a

prominent market position. We feel that within 5 years ABC

Corporation will be in a suitable condition for further

expansion, an initial public offering or profitable acquisition.

To accomplish this goal we…

管理团队和管理组织，例如

Our management team consists of 5 men and women

Whose backgrounds consist of 10 years of marketing with…

市场策略，例如：

The fundamental thrust of our marketing strategy

consists of…

财务状况和计划，例如：

In 5 years we will have… and our investors will be

able to…

结论，例如：

ABC Corporation enjoys an established track-record of

excellent support for our customers. Their expressions of

satisfaction and encouragement are numerous, and we

intend to continue our advances in the…

第二讲：现状分析(present situation)

这部分尽可能简明扼要而又全面地介绍公司的情况，以及公司所在行业的信息。

市场环境，例如：

The marketplace has been stagnant for 2 years. We are

poised now to…

产品或服务，例如：

The present stage of S30 is in the design stage.

产品生命周期，例如：

Our current product line is…

价格和利润，例如：

Current prices are… and profits are…

客户，例如：

Current customers are using our… for…

销售渠道，例如：

We have service centers, retailers, manufacturer’s

representatives…

管理团队情况，例如：

Most of our management is in place, however, we require a

production manager to complete our team.

财务状况，例如：

Current cash available is….

第三讲：目标确定(objectives)

企业目标是企业使命和指导方针的具体化和数量化，它反应企业在一定时期内经营活动的方向和所要达到的水平。企业目标的实现时间较长，一般为三到五年或者更长时间。好的企业目标具有总体性、与外部环境联系密切、有很大的激励作用、切实可行等特点。

企业的基本目标，例如：

The primary objectives of our organization are to:

投资收益率(ROI)，例如：

Based on a XXX% market share for our XXX product by

20xx, we estimate our return on investment to be XXX%.

财务目标，例如：

Last Year This Year Next Year

Sales

$ Volume

Unit Volume

% Increase/Decrease

Share of Market

Gross Profit

Manufacturing

Fully Burdened

Marketing Expenses

Advertising

Sales Promotion

Trade Allowances

Other

欲计将来增长、改进的目标，例如：

Other objectives we have set for ourselves include XXX.

We expect to replace (competitive/existing products or

services) by XXX% by 20xx.

We plan to add XXX (retailers, distributors, service centers)

per month/year and we will have a total of XXX (retailers,

distributors) by 20xx.

第四讲：组织结构(management)

投资者考察企业时，管理是最为重要的因素。没有一支优秀的管理团队和有效的组织模式，科技成果不可能和资本很好结合创造现实的生产力。一般需要介绍的管理人员有：总裁、常务副总裁、人事部总监、营销副总裁、财务副总裁、生产部总监。对每一位关键人员用文章一个段落的篇幅进行描述就可以。介绍组织结构时要注意以下问题：

1．主要管理人员和专业人员的发展路径是怎样的？他们具有哪些技能？

2．公司未来的组织机构是怎样的？

3．谁将成为部门领导者？

4．在哪些领域的`管理应该加强？

5．报酬机制如何？

团队结构介绍，例如：

Of the XXX people who make up the development staff,

there are XXX founders who hold the following positions:

XXX, President

XXX, Vice President of Finance

XXX, Vice President of Marketing

XXX, Vice President of Sales

XXX, Vice President of Engineering

XXX, Vice President of Research

XXX, Vice President of Operations

XXX, Director of Marketing

XXX, Manager XXX Development

XXX, Corporate Attorney

管理人员描述，例如：

XXX, President

XXX Degree, University of XXX

XXX’s professional experience includes many different

areas in the XXX industry.

人力资源需求，例如：

(Company) development team recognizes that additional

staff is required to properly support marketing, sales,

research, and support functions.

第五讲：产品分析(the product/service)

产品介绍应包括以下内容：

1．产品名称

2．性能及特性

3．产品所处的生命周期

4．产品的市场竞争力

5．产品的研究和开发过程

6．发展新产品的计划和成本分析

7．产品的市场前景预测

8．产品的品牌和专利

此外，还要从顾客和投资者角度出发回答下面的问题：

1．顾客希望企业的产品能解决什么问题，顾客能从企业的产品中获得什么好处？

2．企业的产品与竞争对手的产品相比有哪些优缺点，顾客为什么会选择本企业的产品？

3．为什么用户会大批量地购买企业的产品？

4．本公司能提供哪些购买便利？

5．企业为自己的产品采取了何种保护措施，企业拥有哪些专利、许可证，或与已申请专利的厂

家达成了哪些协议？

6．为什么企业的产品定价使企业产生足够的利润？

介绍产品，例如：

This capability for XXX is a unique feature enjoyed by

(Company) and our customers.

专利保护，例如：

Our product(s) is protected under the following:

产品价格优势，例如：

Regarding cost savings (product/service) will save our

customers money in terms of XXX.

产品测试，例如：

Completed tests have shown that XXX (results).

产品特性描述，例如：

XXX is another powerful feature. This includes XXX.

XXX saves a tremendous amount of time when XXX.

第六讲：市场分析(market analysis)

这部分内容包括行业分析、市场分析和竞争分析。行业分析包括企业所在行业概述、对行业发展方向的预测、对驱动因素的分析。市场分析的核心内容是在市场细分的基础上确定目标市场。要让投资者了解市场的规模有足够大的赢利空间和发展空间；知道市场有良好的发展前景，即所确定的目标市场在未来将会长生不衰。竞争分析中要对全部竞争产品及竞争厂家作出描述与分析。尤其要分析这些竞争对手所占有的市场份额、年销量与销售收入，以及他们的财务实力。此外还要对自己产品所具有的优势作分析，对未来市场变化趋势作预测。

介绍目标顾客购买的原因，例如：

It is easy to understand why the principal buying motives

are XXX because XXX.

篇11：计划书英文

In applying for a student visa and in the process, often will be asked to write a study plan ( study plan ), many foreign friends often not clear study plan and personal statement ( personal statement ) difference and style of writing, the author has long been engaged in student writing, due to the combination of their own experience, introduce the learning program the writing of the book.

Generally the study plan can be submitted to fall into two categories, both to the embassy for visa, or apply for admission to the school is by the. To apply for school programs from the essence and the personal statement is the same type of instruments, about the school application category learning plan can refer to a personal statement of the article, this article mainly introduces the submission of the embassy visa with a study plan.

Europe and the United States, especially immigrants from countries, such as Australia, New Zealand, Canada and other countries for international student visa time are often asked to provide learning plan, learning through plan to convince the visa officer to know your background, choose to study professional motivational conditions, select the country for foreign students, and a clear future study schedule, occupation purpose and reason, audits of your other materials to decide whether to send you the visa studying abroad, so learning plan is a key document.

In general, the learning plan needs to include the following contents:

1si-mp-le descriptions of their learning experience, professional background and working experience;

2 descriptions of their further study motives and why to choose the country, the University and the professional;

3 detailed study schedule;

4 introduction of foreign funds required and sources;

5for future occupation goal elaboration, returned to reason.

Study plan on the style and structure of the article and the personal statement is very different, do not need too much personal and emotional description, but should be clear and si-mp-le structure, tight logic, the facts clearly related arguments were strong, credible, returning reason to be very full, and absolutely not and the applicant's other material contradiction. On the study plan in document writing, can and other sites to get help.

As a result of the embassy staff every day to deal with a large number of documents, so learning plan must not write too long, generally should not exceed 800 words, and a preferably only one paragraph, paragraph before adding titles, such as My Choice of University of Toronto in Canada, My career objective, in order to the embassy staff to you a content of the central idea of stick out a mile. Your pa-pe-r should be very legible, cannot let the embassy staff from your text“ mining” you“ potential” content.

Study plan is the emphasis of future occupation plan and returned to reason, through this part of the embassy to tell you to go to the country after the students, are able to your occupation development good help, and there is a credible argument for returned. Although the requirement study plan country often is a country of immigrants, but as a result of your visa application for study, so the study plan must eliminate any of your immigration tendency. Reasons for returning to be with your personal background and family circumstances give a reasonable explanation, has many years of experience as a businemanager to obtain New Zealand master's of BusineAdministration program admission, then clarifies his occupation goal is to return to China to become a Multi-National Corporation of high level managers, and he in China for many years of accumulated customer resources and social ring is a very valuable asset, this is very tough and reasonable a reason. Of particular note is, study plan concerning the reasons for returning to the place of facts, not arbitrarily invent, at work, in this pa-pe-r the authors encountered by customers due to。

篇12：计划书英文

I am a student, graduated from BaoYang middle school, Nanning, GuangXi autonomous region, in 20xx. I am still studying in high school now, because I was not eolled by the ideal university last year. Recently, I have a dream to study abroad. Then I search online and find that it is more convenient and suitable for me to go to New Zealand for study.

First, New Zealand is a multicultural country, which has the most advanced education in the world. Second, the tuition is lower than other countries’, which I think is more reasonable for me. Finally, the climate of New Zealand is similar with the climate of the South of China. Considering above reasons, I told my parents my plan on going to New Zealand for study, and my parent agreed with me.

As a girl, I like preschool education since I was young. Nowadays, Chinese parents, who want their children to get better education, pay more attention to preschool education. If I study specialized curriculums on preschool education, I will go back China and work hard on preschool education after leaving college.

My plan is as follows: first, I plan to study English in language institute for about a half year in New Zealand. Then, I will study specialized curriculums on preschool education.

I believe I have the ability of study abroad, because I have finished all high school curriculums. Besides, my parents both have job and have rich income, so they will support me to finish my study. After finishing my study, I will return to my homeland and work on preschool education, so as to realize my life value.

我是江苏省南京市XX中学20xx年高中毕业生，由于未被理想大学录取，我一直在XX中学复读。自20xx年起，我受同学的影响，产生了出国留学的念头，于是我通过上网了解到去新西兰留学有比较多的优势。

首先，新西兰是一个多元文化的国家，具有世界先进的教学水平；第二，留学费用比其他国家较低、较合理；第三，气候也与我国南方差不多。因此，我向父母提出拟到新西兰留学的愿望，得到了父母的支持。

因为我是女孩子，从小就喜欢幼儿教育。且现代中国的家长对小孩的教育要求比较高，我如果能到新西兰学习幼儿教育专业课程，学成回国后一定能在幼儿教育事业上有作为。所以，我决心到新西兰留学，打算先用半年的时间到语言学院专修英语，过好语言关，再进行幼儿教育专业课程学习。

我相信我已经过三年高中课程的学习，又经过一年的复读，在学习能力和知识水平上有了一定的基础。同时我父母都有固定的工作和较丰厚的收入，在留学经费上也会得到父母的全力支持。因此，我一定能较好地完成留学课程。学成回国后，我一定能实现我从事幼儿教育的愿望，并能在幼儿教育事业上实现我的人生价值。

篇13：计划书英文

A Business Plan of Promoting MOOCs among Chinese High School

Students----

Advancing the links between Chinese college and high school education

___________________________________________________________________________________

1. Introduction

China still uses the most traditional educational systems[2]. The Chinese Ever since MIT and Havard employed government is now slowly supporting the MOOC(Massive Online Open Courses), it use of MOOC as it gradually become is leading the revolutionary changes of market-oriented and globalized. We believe traditional education systems[1]. MOOC MOOC's innovatives ideas will bring a has been accepted by many prestigious trend to the future forms of education[3]. institutions of higher education. However,

developing countries such as India and Most people believe that the quality of

educational systems are proportional to its Only 23% of people from age 18-22 have price. But nowadays, as more and more graduated from university in 20xx[4]. university implement MOOC and its Therefore, a change is needed, and MOOC policies of sharing informations, better comes right in place.

education can be accessed cheaper and

easier.

-Because MOOC is online based, it is in fact a new market, indicating huge The world is become more interconnected potentials such as pricing on premium with internet and other forms of courses, advertisements, paying to ask communication tools each day, therefore, professionals online, and etc. If online courses such as MOOC will most implemented, the price for coruses could likely be implemented by more and more be very low to attract a large amount of institutions. It is possible that one day students in China.

many Chinese institude will also use its

ideas. Since MOOC is becoming and seen -Teachers are a waste on human resources as such an important system of education because teachers have to cover the same for the future, we will discuss its use in materials each year for new students. With Chinese universities, high schools, and the implementation of MOOC, it is most colleges, and others values such as its likely that the number of teachers could be market potential, influence, availability, greatly

and feasibility in this paper.

Potential

reduced. Therefore, schools' expenditure could be reduced. Students will also have more free time because they constricted area, for example, listening to a lecture in the metro. 1.2 Use of MOOC and its Market can listen to courses and lectures in a less

The cost for premium or high-level

education in China is lavish, and is not -

accessible for people in the lower class.

Preliminary cooperation among Chinese autonomy,

firstly ensure the authority diversity, openness, and Top Universities and Coursera would interactivity allow an instructor to assume and the role of facilitator with learners actively practicability of the course resourses. Also, interacting with other students. “Most the three self-admission alies among significantly, MOOCs build on the Chinese Top Universities is, to some extent, engagement of learners who self-organize the tacity approval of the current mode in their participation according to learning which universities perform mutual goals, prior knowledge and skills, and cooperation.

It has make it easier to build common interests” Therefore, active China’s MOOC system. Although the engagement and interaction are key development of China's Internet is MOOC instructional methods[5]. MOOC's gradually becoming the forefront of the use of the makes its accessibility is much world, China still lacks technological higher than of traditional educations and innovation in its online market.

The result reliable and recognized by most companies of implementation of MOOC is dependent because of fast development of IT.

There on a country's situation and condition, as a are still many unrecognized gaps and country with congenital national conditions, inadequates in the Chinese internet/online the great potential of MOOC in China will education market.

likely create the world's leading MOOC

running system High School-University 1.4

link mode?

1.3

MOOC's competitiveness advantages Management and profitability forecast 1.4.1 Management and The basic management should be done by Universities, businesses, high school, government in a joint and consensus way. MOOC have considerable advantages that Business and co-operations should should are unparalleled compared to traditional be responsible for resources and funds, education.

Connectivism values schools and colleges will take MOOC into

practice,

and and the government are great market opportunities to explore, such responsible for the overall coordination as producing online courses, trustee of supervision necessary. Capital courses and the utilization of data in the

and establishment of MOOC platforms. This is requirements include making

developing of the curriculum and courses, also a important reason of our motivation marketing, maintenance, advertisement, for promoting MOOCs among Chinese and funding during the beginning of early high schools.

developments of MOOC.[6,7]

1.4.2 Profitability forecast

Entrepreneurial organization Profits will be gained once courses and study materials are published online. 2.

Partnerships with institutions, digital co-overview

operations, sponsors, and advertisements Purpose: Better education that serves the could also generate income. people

In the earlier stage, profits mainly come Name of the organization: from bonuses of the operation of MOOCs. Development Department of Chinese In the later stage, profits mainly come from MOOCs

the bonuses of ipo(initial public offerings). Goal: The promotion of MOOCs among The maturity stage of a MOOOC platform Chinese high schools and the in China should be a completed industrial

chain: technology, funding, application

and teaching resources in the front end;

companies that admit the learning

experience of MOOC learners and provide

The fact is, China has yet to fulfill the

requirements of this completed industrial

chain. Meanwhile, internet business has

advancement of the links between Chinese high school and colleges education job opportunities for them in the back end. Business strategy: Introduction of foreign experience for domestic development; applies the principle of from top to bottom and from sample to the whole; promotiong of the large-scale educational resources sharing integration of MOOC platforms and efficiently. By introducing MOOCs, diversivication of resources.

Facilities needed:

courses for high school students could be advantageously shared through the network, embodying the central idea of MOOCs, which is massive and online.

Colleges and high schools for trial

operation ( schools in the early centers of 3.1.2 -The “Long-term Education Reform MOOCs, see 4.3 Assessment of the and Development Plan (20xx-)” marketing ability and 5.1 Marketing mentioned the role of technology, plan); foreign and domestic pioneer technology-driven reforms, and the enterprises; education departments of importance information technology in governments.

3. Products and Services

3.1 Background of research and development

education. It also mentioned that “IT has a revolutionary impact on the development of education''[8] and was highly recognized by the educational department and plan to speed up this process as one of 10 major aim of the plan because informatization is an inevitable trend and period for the future development of

3.1.1 - Presently, the promotion of MOOCs Chinese education. has gained relatively low popularity among Chinese senior high schools due to inadequate introduction, attracting only a few numbers of students in mostly elitist high schools of more developed regions. Moreover, current courses aimed at high school students specifically fail to realize

3.1.3 -The current education reforms proposed convergence between university and high school is a breakthrough in China's education reform[9,10]. WeiHe Xie said ,''The current breakthrough in educational reforms proposed is the

convergence between university and high school. One of my basic proposals is to broaden the college and high school trend of convergence with the way of reform. A change to broaden the basis of high school is needed. Including the convergence mechanism to strengthen cooperation in universities and high schools, in order to truly produce innovative and talented students.''[11].

Promoting classes without division between liberal arts and sciences subjects is also the future direction of education reform, particularly important for reforming Chinese College Entrance cover a wide range of college majors, will play an important role in fostering high school students’ understanding about college majors as well as improving their future professional skills.

Most Chinese teachers stick to traditional teaching methods with a low level of

application of educational technology in classes; students participate in the learning process with a lack of interaction, which thinking and communication abilities.

communications as well as collaboration contribute to the broken links between these two educational institutions. Promoting dialogues and strengthening cooperation are fundamental to advance the links between them.

3.1.5-Recent practices of MOOCs credit systems In Europe,

Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS) presents an opportunity to transform MOOCs – free, standalone courses – from academic novelty to meaningful qualifications. The ECTS is a standard for comparing student attainment and performance in higher education institutions across Europe. Under the

articulation mechanism, which is the basic obstructs the development of critical

the relationship between the university and 3.1.4-Inadequate and inefficient establishment of diverse and differentiated between high schools and colleges Examination. Meanwhile, MOOCs, which system, students can transfer credits for study already completed towards an appropriate equivalent degree in any of the 53 countries that have ratified the Lisbon Recognition Convention.

On the other hand, within Mainland China, the development of MOOC platforms has provided insights of forming a brand new MOOC credit system between Chinese colleges.

With the publication of Qinghua University’s MOOCs platform, “Xuetang Online”vice principal of the elitist university, professor Yuan Si concluded that realizing mutual credits recognition would no longer be unreachable.

To summarize, recent practices have revealed the significant potentials of building a strong MOOC credit system for not only Chinese colleges, but also the high schools.

3.2 Product patterns and development plans

Development plan one Abstract:

Advancing links between high school-required courses and college MOOCs by strengthening cooperation between colleges, high schools and MOOC development companies. The advancement mainly serves to provide a more suitable syllabus for high school students and thus improve the efficiency of learning. Development model:

Led by colleges and high schools, college and high schools are the main participants researching the following tasks: a. Adapting the degree of difficulty of college MOOCs to the proper level of understanding of high school students; b. Adapting typical learning methods in colleges, including independent learning ability and critical thinking ability to those of high schools’;

MOOC development companies enlarge investment in technological innovation to further address the following tasks: a. Providing more individualized and interacted learning experience of high

schools;

b. Fulfilling high school students’ needs for entertainment while maintaining the quality of courses; Development plan two Abstract:

Promoting high school students’ participation in college for-credit MOOCs and mutual recognition of credits between colleges and betwixt colleges and high schools, thus facilitates the forming of MOOC college-high school credit system. Development model: -Ensures the validity of identity authentication through:

1)Establishing proctored examination centers which organizes MOOCs final examinations at stated times every year ( one time in the first year recommended)

as between colleges and high schools through:

1) Promoting mutual recognition between existing Chinese colleges alliances (the Three Alliances for example) as the first step

2) Recommending the government to build a specified and feasible college-high school credit transfer mechanism nationally

3. Enlarges the number of target audiences by:

1) Increasing budgets in advertisement by colleges and high schools

2) Promoting mutual recognition between regions (the existing Chinese colleges alliances for example)

4. Establishing high school MOOCs learning community by:

2) Improving the technical level of identity In the light of the successful running of the

biggest MOOC learning community authentication

3) Improving the technical level of online remote proctor

2. Promotes the mutual recognition of

presently in China, the guokr learning community it is of vital to endeavor to developing “small platforms” (MOOC learning community

MOOC credits between colleges as well apart from building the “big platforms”

(MOOC platforms). It serves the goal of maximizing the benefits socialization learning.

Development mode:

Basically, colleges, high schools and MOOC development companies cooperate on the creation of high school MOOC learning community. The major task for high schools is to enlarge the participation of high school students and the one for colleges is to provide adequate academic guidance in the community. Besides, MOOC development companies are required to strengthen technological innovation and systematic maintenance in order to provide more individualized and interactive learning experiences for participants.

Online MOOC learning community 1) Creating online clustering community and increasing budgets in perfecting the automated complementary learning tools

2) Creating incentives to encourage

academic conversations between students and providing highly individualized learning experience 3) Strengthening teachers’ academic guidance for students

4) Completing the database of students’ learning experience, improving technology of data analysis to analyze the participant’s habits in learning and monitor the progress more astutely, as well as to give feedback more promptly 5) Perfecting the existing feedback system 6) Perfecting the existing teaching modes Offline MOOC learning community 1) Establish experimental learning base in high schools or colleges with reference to past experiences such as learning club or salons in order to facilitate academic dialogues offline a. Organizes MOOC learning forum for high school students, MOOC teacher seminars and MOOC developer seminars regularly both online and offline

Development plan three Abstract:

While required courses are still dominant teaching experience

in high schools’ syllabus, teachers exploits d. Summarizing the practices of applying MOOCs as a complementary tool to teach MOOCs to high schools in different certain area of knowledge (especially those closely related to certain college courses). This is aimed at developing students’ interest in learning required courses, facilitating understanding of required subjects and providing them insights of college majors.

a. Collaborating with high schools, MOOC development companies provide teachers with informizational skills training to facilitate their adaptation to more automated and internet-based educational tools

b. Recommending the government to construct the teacher advancing system and to support the advancement of teachers’ informizational skills in other forms

c. Enlarging budgets in technological development to improve information processing ability of MOOCs; conducting large-scale in-depth interviews MOOC teachers to create more convenient and individualized

regions and thus writing the guide book about application of MOOCs in high school required courses by MOOC development companies 3.3 Function of the product

This product is designed to facilitate the promotion of MOOCs among Chinese high schools and advance the links between Chinese colleges and high schools. Advancing links between high school-required courses and college MOOCs, promoting high school students’

participation in college for-credit MOOCs and enlarging the application of MOOCs in high school required courses altogether will exert significant influences on advancing the links between Chinese high school and colleges. To be more specific, the functions of this product is shown as follows: a. Basic functions

1) Fulfils high school students’ huge demand for more diverse classes

2) Complements the current educational resources

3) Promotes the development of communicational skills and critical thinking ability of students through feedback.

4) Bolsters communication between different educational institutions and promotes the sharing of educational resources nationwide b. Additional function

c. Fosters understanding of required courses

d. Facilitates high school students’ recognition and planning of college majors

e. Encourages academic communication between high school students’ and between high school students’ and college students

f. Performs as the preliminary studies of constructing college-high school MOOC credit system nationwide g. Promotes the informization and modernization of education

h. Promotes the “localization” of MOOCs

4. Market Analysis Summary 4.1 Brief summary of time period i. The embryonic period: five years [13]..

ii. The period of rapid growth:

Promotes among other colleges and high schools; estimated: three years.

iii. The period of growing maturity of the mechanism:

Popularized among Chinese educational institutions and seeks for a new level of innovation and promotion.

4.2 Time period

Period one (the embryonic period)

Market objectives:

Finishes the construction of MOOCs in top universities and starts the trial operation of college-high school MOOCs credit system.

Estimated: five years

comprehensive analysis of data and prompt Targeted mainly at top colleges; estimated:

The first year:

a. Seeks cooperation with foreign and domestic outstanding universities on educational resources sharing; b. Finishes the preliminary construction of

a. Under government's approval, starts the trial operation of college-high school credit system in experimental schools and establishes student data files under the agreement of school and agencies.

independent MOOCs platform in

conjunction with the government's work; The fourth year: c. Advertises to win audience;

d. Cooperates with high schools who sees its potential;

The second year:

personnel training to pilot schools a. MOOCs are expected to be reachable in where the online courses have taken shape;

b. Starts the trial operation of studying

MOOCs as elective courses in different Period two (the period of rapid growth) classes separately; students’ academic Market objectives: performance in these courses will be

used to evaluate their academic After meeting the requirements and funds proficiency and transform into credits needed by MOOCs, its development is with

The third year:

a. Expands audience and attracts more universities and high schools for cooperation as MOOC gradually become more mature and earn greater reputation at the city level in China.

a. Provides corresponding hardware and The fifth year:

most provinces around China; promotes the integration of MOOC platforms in different areas of the country.

corresponding school-specific expected to enter a period of rapid

expansion where the number of high schools participating in MOOCs increases significantly, as the links between high

policies;

schools and colleges are gradually starts necessary redistribution of MOOC advanced. This period is also regards as the educational resources and coordinates the critical three-year development period.

development nationwide.

Period three(The period of growing

The sixth year:

With growing competition and cooperation maturity of the mechanism): between MOOCs in different regions,

Market objectives:

different radiation range takes shape and region-specific college-high school MOOC i. credit system are expected to be driving to the maturity stage.

ii.

The seventh year:

a. The gradual formation of a polycentric pattern of Chinese MOOCs platforms of different regions; different MOOC centers establishes steady partnerships with leagues of colleges and high schools;

b. Sets up supervising instituions and instituions in charge of students’ data files collaborating with the government; The eighth year:

With guidance of the government and

Presently, coursera, edX, and Udacity, forms three leagues of colleges that produce MOOCs. On the other hand,

Realizes the stage of maturility of MOOC platforms and MOOC mechanisms;

Focuses on the perfection and updating of MOOCs in the later development phases;

iii. Enlarges its influence and obtains more diversified educational resources by promoting Chinese MOOC mode to other areas in the world;

4.3 Assessment of the marketing ability

comprehensive analysis of the market trend,

Based on the analysis of the current major MOOC platforms and the Chinese three major college leagues of independent recruitment, four centers are estimated to become future MOOC centers. Beijing, Shanghai, Pearl River Delta Center, and Chengdu are the four candidates of best potential.

With consideration of the current division structure of Chinese IT (Information

1. The introduction of foreign experience for domestic development: In the light of foreign company-college cooperation mode, develops the independent capability of domestic IT companies to attract greater maket shares.

2. Achieve the goal of enlarging influence from sample to the whole and from top to the bottom:

Domestic top universitis take the leading

Technology) industry and different level of role in seeking cooperation with development varied by regions, universities in different regions; participating schools and companies will apply the principle of “From each

Domestic outstanding universities take the

according to his ability, to teach according leading role of seeking cooperation with to his need”: Sets up region-specific high schools with the potential of the trail network platforms, builds practical software facilities, provides storage,information service and staff development training based on local conditions; also the number of competing companies in the market will be decided according to the assessment of factors above.

5 Marketing Strategy 5. 1 Marketing Plan

opertion of having MOOC courses and running MOOC college-high school credit system;

Starts in several outstanding schools (colleges and high schools) and gradually introduces the mature mechanism to regions around; also sets up corresponding centers and forms distinctive radiation range;

3. Promoting the integration of platforms and diversivication of educational resources:

Enlarges the market by integration and perfection of MOOC platforms to attract larger number of IT companies and cooperative schools;

Discloses most college courses to the public in order to promote the

diversivication of educational resources; also perfects the division of labor of different schools in the MOOC platforms based on the distinguishing academic fields or majors of each school, which aims at maximizing the utility of educational resources on MOOC platforms;

5.2 Planning and development plan Provides educational resources (courses and learning materials) by the institutions of higher learning, with technological

support provided by network companiesin oder to build MOOC platforms and online student archives. Archives should have a backup host in the school’s education sector and government’s networks; the use of archives wil follow the agreement between the government, universities and enterprises agreed. (prohibitted from any

The development plan of MOOC development companies are divided in three parts below:

1. In the intial stage, develops Chinese college-high school MOOC platform, followed by uploading online courses of various field and curriculum, and updating information or new study materials. 2 in the meduium stage, sets up online student archives and develops the academic mentoring systemwhich provides specific advice on students’ academic performance. 2.

3. Develops the derivatives of MOOC, such as MOOC based library, MOOC

based interactive learning multimedia

systems and individual creation of courses. 6.2 Management plan overview

6.1 Consititution of the management team:

School authorities(three): Director of courses recording (one) School Directors Operations Explorer Enterprise Square (5):

CEO (Chief executive officer) similar to the general manager, CEO, president, corporate legal representative.

COO (Chief operating officer) Executive General Manager, COO similar CFO (Chief financial officer) chief financial officer, general manager of similar financial

CTO (Chief technology officer), CTO similar Engineer

Collection and distribution of CIO (Chief information officer), chief information officer in charge of corporate information

A.CEO and school directors make final decision on important affairs about the operation of MOOC platforms.

B. Director of courses recording, CTO, and CIO make decisions on regular construction of MOOC platforms. C. Operations Explorer and CIO, CFO, COO decide on the daily operation and development palns of MOOC platforms. D. In the school, the Director of courses recording regularly reports the working schedule to Operations Explorer; Operations Explorer reports the financial conditions and construction schedule to school directors.

E. Internal party follows the normal mode of operation and management.

7. Research of the developing process 7.1. Source of funding and technology in the early stage of startup

Notes that the budgets in this part of the business plan are calculated based on the formula below with detailed explanations.

The COP formula is:

Fixed costs (FC) + variable costs (VC) divided by number of units = production cost per item

In this case, fixed costs refer to the costs that do not change based on the number of products produced, which includes the rent paid for building, employees’ salaries and utility costs.

a. Source of funding:

1) Government: Provides certain percentage of infrastructure building subsidies

2) MOOC development companies: Take charge of costs of systematic maintenance and courses production; colleges and companies take corresponding responsibility on the basis of mutual commercial agreement b. Source of technology: In the initial stage, foreign MOOC developers are the main provider of MOOC technology and Chinese underwriting companies such as Netease focuses on its promotion. With greater

phases, Chinese colleges and MOOC development companies will be capable of developing MOOC platforms independently

7.2. Utilization of funding, improvement of technologies and their timetable in the early stage of startup a. Improvement of technology

1) Infrastructure building, which primarily focuses on holding online courses;

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

2) Hardware storage manager needed for building online database of students’ learning experience;

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

3) Long-term research budgets for academic mentoring system;

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

4) Research and development expenditures for derivative programs of MOOCs

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

support financially and strategically in later b. Marketing

1) Development expenditure for cooperation with foreign MOOC platforms and participating colleges; Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

2) Trial operation of promoting MOOC to local high schools (adjacent to the headquarters of the company); Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

3) Enlarging influence by advertising through mass media;

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

4) Keeping necessary level of cash liquidity by managing flows of capitals,

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

8. Financial analysis

Note the expected income refers to the net income or net profits.

8.1. Budgets of programs in the early stage (see 7.2. Utilization of funding, improvement of technologies and their timetable in the early stage of startup) 8.2 Estimated income a. Fees of courses;

Expected income: b. Issuing of verification; Expected income:

a. Charges of derivatives of MOOCs; Expected income:

b. Franchise fees for technological sharing; Expected income:

8.3 Distribution and utilization of expected income

a. Construction of MOOC platform and production of courses, Estimated:

b. Development and perfection of other functions of the platform, Estimated:

c. Marketing programs, Estimated:

8.4 Improvement plan of the financial management system

a. Forming an operational college-company financial model with reference to specific commercial agreement; b. Utilizing and perfecting the existing

online payment system; c. Opening discussions with the government on specific financial certification process;

9.Opportunity and Risk

9.1 Feasibility evaluation (advantages and disadvantages)

Assessing advantages:

1. Goes with the tide of global development of MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses)

2. Conforms to the current structural reform of Chinese education, noteworthily the reforms of Chinese College Entrance Exam

3. Supports the integration of regional educational resources, fosters academic exchange and furthers educational equality within the country by promoting the educational resource sharing 4. Strengthens the links between

Chinese senior high schools and colleges by reforming traditionally disparate learning methods between these two institutions, advancing senior high school’s sense of recognition of college majors and their ability to undertake college courses

5. Reforms traditional teaching ideals and patterns of teachers, thus promotes educational innovation and modernization through advancing teachers’ informatization skills

6. Market potentials as analyzed in the earlier parts. (See for reference)

Assessing disadvantages:

1. Regional educational development discrepancies and different levels of promotion of MOOCs among senior high school students may exacerbate current educational inequality between regions. And

relatively low-income individuals may lack the capability to afford computers or other necessary equipments to access to MOOC platforms, meanwhile, schools in impoverished areas may be exposed to instable network connection due to financial dilemmas. To tackle these problems, it requires the government to make feasible, region-specific or community-specific arrangement of resources input and planned performance in the process of formulating plans for the informatization of education.

2. Putting the Chinese senior high school-college MOOC credit system into practice may encounter difficulties including realizing absolute equality, as technological barriers remain to eliminate all forms of plagiarism. 3. Over internationalization of education may on the other hand stifle the continuation and

development of Chinese traditional culture

4. Obstruction in the promotion may include the following aspects:

a. Uneven qualities of different MOOCs

b. Possible repetitive use of educational resources in MOOC platforms

c. High cost of traditional agents of network

d. Technological barriers

e. Inadequate social awareness and accepetance

5. Personalized online learning experience requires innovation in relevant technologies

6. Pure online learning may lead to inadequate moral education for senior high schools adolescents and impair their social functioning with lack of face-to-face communication.

Conclusion:

With thorough consideration about the

opportunity and risks of this business, we

draw the final conclusion that by actively its potential losses. As analyzed in the earlier parts of this business plan, this business will introduce a new level of quality in Chinese education, particularly in advancing the links between senior high schools and colleges. And it is estimated to become a world-known brand over the promoting MOOCs in Chinese senior high next ten years.

schools, its estimated benefits far outweigh

References.

[1]Lori Breslow, David E. Pritchard, Jennifer DeBoer, Glenda S. Stump, Andrew D. Ho, Daniel T. Seaton - Studying Learning in the Worldwide Classroom Research into edX’s First MOOC. Research & Practice in assessment, Vol-8, Summer 20xx.

[2]Veronica Diaz, Malcolm Brown, Stephen Pelletier -Learning and the Massive Open Online Course, Educase - A Report on the ELI Focus Session, May 20xx.

[3]Jiahua Wang, Jing Wang - MOOC- and its value of a gloabalizing education system to China. Accenture.

[4]Uwe Brandenburg, Jiani Zhu - Higher Education in China in the light of massification and demographic change. Arbeitspapier Nr. 97 ,Oct, 20xx.

[5]Xin Chen, Deborah R. Barnett, and Casheena Stephens- Fad or Future: The

Advantages and Challenges of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) September, 20xx.

[6]Brynn Zuccaro – The Small Business Online Marketing Guide, Tips + Advice to Grow Your

Business Through Online Marketing.

[7]Rieva Lesonsky - The Entrepreneur’s Guide to Doing Business Online. Entrepreneur magazine.

[8]Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (20xx-2020) Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 20xx.

[9] The Ten Hot Spots in Chinese High School Education 20xx. Journal of High School Education – New years special vol 7, December 20xx.

[10]Quick educational news(jiao xue kuai xun) Vol,212. Zhejiang University Senateof Academic Affairs. June, 20xx.

[11]Fourth Summit of Famous Secondary School Principals, May 20xx, China Education Daily.

[12]Zhang Xiuping - The Combination of Traditional Teaching Method and Problem Based

Learning The China Papers, Vol. 1, October 20xx

[13]Email chat with co-school director of Shanghai Tsinghua University.

篇14：商业计划书－英文商业计划书通用

商业计划书－英文商业计划书通用模板

BUSINESS PLAN

Billion Team International Investment Ltd.

Unit I 3/F

Good Harvest Ctr 33 On Chuen St. Fanling

Hongkong

0852 26826421

(86)027 87389766

[Your Name]

[DATE]

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Executive Summary..........................

Management..................................

[Company] History...........................

[Product/Service] Description.............

Objectives..................................

Competitors................................

Competitive Advantages...................

Innovation..................................

Pricing..................................

Specific Markets..................................

Growth Strategy....................................

Market Size and Share..........................

Targeting New Markets.......................

Location..................................

Manufacturing Plan................................

Research & Development......................

Historical Financial Data........................

Proforma Financial Data.........................

Proforma Balance Sheet.........................

Cost Control..................................

Effects of Loan or Investment...............

Attachments..................................

Executive Summary

[My Company] was formed as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation] in [Month, Year] in [City, State], by [John Doe] in response to the following market conditions:

[Startup, growth] opportunities exist in [Product/Service].

The need for use of efficient distribution and financial methods in these overlooked markets.

[I/We] have several customers who are willing to place large [orders,contracts] within the next three months.

Several other prospective [customers/clients] have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months.

[I/We] previously owned a company that was active in the widget markets. Over the past few years I spent much time studying ways to improve overall performance and increase profits. This plan is a result of that study.

The basic components of this plan are:

1. Competitive pricing

2. Expand the markets

3. Increased advertising

4. Lower our unit costs,

5. Thereby achieving higher profits.

1. Sign contracts

2. Increased advertising

3. Increase office staff

To this end, [I/we] need investment from private individuals and/or companies. A total of $XXX is being raised which will be used to finance working capital, plant and equipment. The company will be incorporated and common stock issued to investors. &nb

sp;The company will be run as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation].

Financial Goals

Year 1

Year 2

Year 3

Sales

$1,000,000

$1,400,000

$1,600,000

Net Income

$25,000

$250,000

$375,000

Earnings per share

.01

.12

.14

Management

[Name]

[Title]

[Experience]

Sales growth from zero to $1,000,000 in five years.

Led market in market share - 30%.

Formulated advertising budgets & campaigns.

Pioneered new distribution channels.

Established national sales force.

Established national repair & service centers.

Brought new and innovative products to the market.

Designed point-of-purchase materials.

[Education}

University of Boston

Boston, MA

B.A. - Computer Sciences

Short Biographies

President

John Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer, and Director since February 1988 and President since January 1990. Mr. Doe was the founder and Chief Executive Officer of the original operating company known as Random Excess, Inc. He has had experience in the widget field with his own firm, John Doe Co., of Oshkosh (Wisconsin), from 1980 to 1987. This firm was sold to FatCat Widgets, Inc. in 1987. Mr. Doe has held a sales position with U S West Inc. since then. Mr. Doe graduated from the University of Colorado in 1981 with a bachelor’s degree in philosophy. Mr. Doe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.

Chief Financial Officer

Richard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Director. Mr. Roe joined Random Excess, Inc. in December 1988 as a corporate controller and was named Chief Financial Officer in July 1989. Mr. Roe was appointed Treasurer and a Director in July 1990. He served as corporate controller of XYZ Lumber Company from August 1981 to December 1988. Mr. Roe graduated from Metropolitan State College in Denver, Colorado in 1976 with a bachelor’s degree in accounting. Since 1979 he has been licensed as a Certified Public Accountant in the State of Colorado and is a member of the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Mr. Roe is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.

Vice President

Joe Dokes, Secretary, Executive Vice President and Director. Mr. Dokes supervises the company’s sales and implementations to its largest corporate customers, including US West, Great West Life Insurance, etc. Mr. Dokes has served as Secretary and a Director since February 1988, Vice President of Ope

rations from February 1988 to December 1988, President of the Company from December 1988 to January 1990 and Vice President of Contract Sales since January 1990. He has been involved since 1986 with the private company originally formed as Random Excess, Inc., where his duties included managing the purchasing and sales department. From November 1984 to May 1986 he managed the sales department at Integrated Management Systems, Inc. From June 1983 to October 1984 he was a buyer for Adams County, Colorado, School District 50. Mr. Dokes attended Oklahoma State University in 1980 and 1981 and Trinidad State College in Trinidad, Colorado in 1981 and 1982. He did not receive a degree from either university. Mr. Dokes is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.

Vice President

Sally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Ms. Seaugh has been the Company’s Vice President of Marketing since November 1988. From September 1986 to October 1988 she was involved in business development and marketing for United Bank of Aurora (Colorado). From February 1980 to August 1986 she was self-employed as an independent oil and gas landman. Ms. Seaugh graduated from the University of Denver in 1974 with a bachelor’s degree in Education. She is employed by the Company on a full-time basis.

Responsibilities

John Q. Doe, Chief Executive Officer - Responsible for entire operation. Oversees management function and all other executives.

Salary - $60,000.

Richard Roe, CPA, Chief Financial Officer - Responsible for financial operations, accounts payable, accounts receivable, interaction with auditors, investor relations. Salary - $40,000

Joe Dokes, Executive Vice President - Responsible primarily for sales and sales support.

Salary - $35,000

Sally Seaugh Vice President of Marketing. Responsible for marketing, human resources and training.

Salary - $30,000.

Total Executive Compensation

$165,000.

[This Page is for an Organization Chart, if applicable.]

[Company] History

In [Month, Year] [I/we] formed a [Product/Service] company that manufactured start-of-the-art complex widgetry. This company was located in [City, State]. [I/we] formed this company as a [proprietorship, partnership, corporation]. Others involved in this business were: [names].

The main goal of this company was to [explain].

Financing was arranged through [home equity loans, savings, venture capital, friends and family, etc.] [Explain terms, rates and ability to repay.]

This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, but was not effective in achieving profitability. The main reason for this was the amount

of actual overhead experienced. This overhead was not initially anticipated by me at the beginning of that venture. Items including credit checking, warranty program management, extensive travel, maintaining warehouse stock and the management and expense of a national sales force were expenses not originally forecast or expected. With this level of overhead, it was mathematically impossible to achieve profitability.

or:

This venture was very successful in generating and increasing sales, as well as effective in achieving profitability. This was due to the following reasons:

[Reason 1}

[Reason 2]

[Reason 3]

OR:

[My Company] was recently conceived and is still in the beginning stages. To this point the following has been accomplished:

§ A team consisting of [list names and primary responsibility. (i.e John Doe - Marketing) has been formed.

§ A prospective [customer/client] list has been drawn up.

§ Strategy meetings are being held every Monday, Wednesday and Friday evenings.

§ This business plan has been drawn up.

[Now link the past to the future - why a former company will lead into this one or how your present company and history will lead into any future plans. A short paragraph should suffice.]

We are now able to adequately address the markets we have targeted. We have adjusted our staff, redirected our advertising and sales force, and have added the products necessary to meet the needs and expectations of our customers.

[Product/Service] Description

[My Company] intends to offer [product/service]. This [product/service] offers our customers the best possible solution as it:

§ Offers the lowest price on the market

§ Is the most technically advanced

§ Offers more useful features

§ Saves them time and money

§ Offers our users better value per dollar spent

§ Provides an alternative way to achieve a similar task.

§ Provides a service which is not presently available in this area.

§ Is strengthened by a team with combined experience of XX years.

§ Saves them time and money

§ Provides an alternative, cost effective way for them to realize a similar goal.

We have a [copyright, service mark, trademark] or [exclusive agency, marketing rights] for this [product/service]. This agency will last until XXX at which time it may be extended for XX years or terminated. This agency agreement is cancelable upon XX days written notice.

The [product/service] has a useful life of XX y

ears. To distribute this product so that it remains usable for our customers, we must use the following methods of storage and transportation:

1. Overnight delivery

2. Cold storage

3. Incorporate preservatives

4. Shipment within two weeks to distributors.

5. Specially padded boxcars.

Even though the technology used to create this product is new, we expect that others will be able to substantially reproduce our patented results within XX years. To remain on the leading edge of this product, we will need to devote approximately XX% of revenues toward research and development. Also due to the fast changing nature of this industry, we will need to retrofit these machines within XX years at customer expense. Our manufacturing plan has considered this.

[If general service to be offered is not obvious, such as carpet cleaning, sales rep, lawn care, consulting, etc. explain what service is. Then give a detailed description of your particular service and its uniqueness.]

Short Examples:

1. Our carpet cleaning machinery is state-of-the-art.

2. Our consulting practice will address these specialized areas: [list]

3. We will only rep these specific product lines. [list]

Even though at this time our expertise is unique in the marketplace, we expect advances to be made and competitors to arise and offer similar services. We will meet this challenge by:

1. Hiring staff specialized in these new areas.

2. Increase our continuing education and training expense.

3. Adding complementary lines.

4. Make regular investments in new equipment.

Objectives

Long Term

[My Company] believes very strongly in technical, financial, business and moral excellence. To secure a stable future for all those connected with [My Company] we have set the following long term goals:

Present market is estimated at $XXX. Our goal for market share is XX%.

We want to be considered by our peers to be the market leader in sales as evidenced by:

Trade industry awards

High end of scale in financial ratios

Major market share

Technical excellence (awards, honors, etc.)

Community involvement (Rotary, United Way, etc.)

Short Term

Market share goals -

1. First Year XX%

2. Second Year XX%

3. Third Year XX%

4. Fourth Year XX%

[Decrease, Maintain] costs through acquisition of new plant and equipment. Increase productivity by investing in employee training and education.

1. Budget for complete computer training for appropriate applications.

2. Set up, Maintain] emplo

yee benefit program for continuing college education.

3. Budget for necessary seminars and/or continuing job-specific education.

4. Maintain state-of-the-art accounting system for careful tracking.

5. Monthly reports on financial status vis-a-vis the industry.

6. Aggressive recruitment of the best technical staff in the industry.

7. Support company involvement in various local and national charity events.

Competitors

Name

Address

City, State

Strengths:

§ Location - next door to supplier factory, on major artery, close to terminal, etc.

§ Pricing - Low cost producer, known for aggressive pricing policy.

§ Delivery - ships overnight to anywhere in the world.

§ Management - Everyone has an MBA from Harvard.

Weaknesses

§ Service - takes more than 3 months to receive spare parts.

§ Dedication - If it’s sunny, they’re on the golf course or ski slope.

§ Machinery - Slowly approaching obsolescence unless replaced within six months.

§ Overhead - Spend lavishly on corporate dining room, limousines and champagne.

Competitive Advantages

The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:

Experience in this market. [I/we] have XXX years of hands-on experience in this industry.

Sophistication in finance and distribution. This results in my being the low cost supplier in these price sensitive markets.

The philosophy of [My Company] is to price not just according to our costs, but also according to what the market will pay.

Our targeted minimum gross profit margin for a category must be XX%.

By pricing to the market, [I/we] will achieve higher sales and therefore increase my buying power. As the amounts of my purchases increase, my per unit costs of shipping decrease and [I/we] will achieve higher discount levels from my suppliers. Through these economies of scale, many items currently on the market can be sold with lower prices, yet a higher net profit.

Product pricing will include a range of quantity discounts as well as an early payment discount.

Rather than being strictly regional, [I/we] will expand into the national market.

To control foreign exchange risks, [I/we] will monitor the markets and hedge accordingly. [I/we] will also use overseas bank accounts.

With those companies with which [I/we] have established a relationship or are known to be financially secure, [I/we] will work on a pre-pay basis. This allows me greater discounts.

A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow

me to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.

By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.

A quarterly direct mail campaign directed at both current customers and prospective new customers consisting of an informative newsletter.

A toll-free national 800 number will be used for customer orders and inquiries.

[I/we] will print complete four-color catalogs on a yearly basis. Price lists will be updated as needed. [I/we] intend to be aggressive in trade magazine advertising.

Consideration will also be given to attending trade shows around the country.

With this level of capitalization, should an unexpected downturn occur, [I/we] will be able to continue operations on a positive scale.

Innovation. [I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.

[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]

The distinctive competitive advantages which [My Company] brings to this market are:

Experience in this market. [I/we] have XX years of hands on experience in this industry.

Sophistication in management and finance. We are able to run an efficient and lean structure, yet still provide quality service to our clients and customers.

Because of the nature of this industry, we will be able to rent office space in more moderately priced buildings.

As a unique service company, we will be able to keep our margins high, allowing us to provide internal financing for growth possibilities.

A level and policy of Capitalization that will allow [me/us] to fully address the respective markets with comprehensive marketing and customer service plans.

By keeping my overhead low, [I/we] will be able to funnel my profits back into operations thus avoiding high debt ratios or lost sales opportunities.

Our initial marketing campaign will allow us to book a sufficient amount of business so that we can implement our telephone customer service support program.

Innovation

[I/we] have a history of innovative ideas.

[List your most meaningful ideas and any new ideas you have for the future.]

Summary

Through [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby increasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. Because of our pricing policy, more people will purchase our merchandise thus increasing the size of the market and we will be increasing our market share. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:

§ increase service

increase advertising

§ reduce prices

§ increase profits

§ increase selection

Through [my,our] leadership, [I,we] will be able to reduce overhead as a percentage of sales thereby ncreasing the amount of profit to be retained in the business. What [My Company] proposes to use are just good solid business sense, economies of scale, and the use of efficient financial techniques. This will allow us the following options:

§ increase customer service

§ increase advertising expenditures

§ increase profits

§ increase selection of services offered

This plan will give us tremendous flexibility to use any of these options or a mix of them to effectively attack our target markets and meet our long term goals. This combination of experience, sophistication, capitalization and innovation will assist [My Company] as it strives to reach its sales, profit and return objectives.

Pricing

Before [I/we] set the price for my complex widgets, [I/we] determined on a unit basis what my costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market price was for the normal widget. At this price it was determined that for all but the lowest sales projections, this product would turn a profit at this price. However, since our complex widgets offer additional features, we felt that we could price it approximately 50% above simple widgets.

To test this price, we called a database of 50 large users of simple widgets. We first questioned them about the desirability of our extra features and then asked them directly if this price would be acceptable if such a product were available. We found that 75% of those polled would be interested in this product. Of this 75%, we received 10 firm orders representing approximately 30% of this group.

OR:

We have determined that the market price is $ XX per unit. This will equal a margin of XX%.

OR:

Our unit cost has been figured at $XX. We need a margin of XX% to pay our overhead and earn a sufficient profit. Therefore, our selling price will be $XX.

Before [I/we] set the price for our [service], [I/we] forecast what our fixed monthly costs were going to be. [I/we] then determined what the market rate for comparable services were. At this rate it was determined that for all but the lowest billing projections, this [Service] would turn a profit at this rate.

[Optional, if applicable]

However, since our service is unique and demands a higher level of expertise, we felt that we should bill above othe

r comparable rates.

Specific Markets

Market #1

General History

The first widget was introduced into the market in 1036. Widgets remained much as the original production until well into the 20th century when computer modeling showed that there could be some enhancements made to the basic widget. The market for widgets has been generally steady with market growth closely following the typical population growth. At this time there are approximately 1,500 companies worldwide making comparable simple widgets.

Lawn care companies have enjoyed a period of steady growth over the past twenty years. This demand is due to many factors, not the least of which is the advance of lawn care technology. In our proposed marketing area, there are 25 lawn care services.

Entry Strategy

Our widget has been designed by the latest in computer aided design. We are able to manufacture our complex widgets on computer driven assembly lines using the latest in robotics manufacturing. This gives us a tremendous price advantage.

We intend to market our complex widget through all the normal channels available to simple widgets. These include retail, wholesale, and OEM. To penetrate this market efficiently and swiftly, we intend to initially use commission sales representatives strategically located throughout the USA. We also will start a national advertising campaign targeting the end user in various national publications and on national TV commercials.

Our sales representatives will be chosen based on their own experience in the marketplace. It is our intention to hire the best and the brightest among those currently available. Our marketing tests included many of the reps we initially would like to hire.

Over the past few years, we have noticed an increase in demand for full lawn care services - not just grass cutting and snow removal. Our computerized office allows us to track our clients needs and schedule house calls on one hours notice.

We intend to attack this market very aggressively through the use of:

1. A pool of 10 telemarketers.

2. House-to-house visits to neighbors of present clients.

3. Advertisements in upscale magazines.

4. Radio advertisements on weekends.

5. Sales calls on real estate management companies.

As we are offering a unique service, informing the public of our capabilities is of utmost importance.

Growth Strategy

After having successfully introduced the complex widget into the American market, our expansion will be in two separate areas: increasing sales in the USA and enter

ing various foreign markets.

After we have reached our first year sales goals, we intend to offer our sales reps the opportunity to sell our products exclusively by joining our company. We expect that a small percentage will desire to remain independent and these will have to be replaced with our own sales force. We intend to develop further sales reps from within by hiring and training them in our own sales methods. We will increase national advertising and begin targeting smaller accounts and specialty outlets. Additionally, we will conduct in house seminars for various OEM’s demonstrating how the inclusion of complex widgetry into their own products will increase the value of their products.

After having successfully completed this entry phase into this market in the geographical are we have chosen, we will then expand our market by doing the following:

1. Expand telemarketing pool to 20.

2. Increase number of direct sales reps.

3. Expand into neighboring cities.

Market Size and Share

The American market for [product/service] is estimated at $8 Billion annual sales based on data furnished by XYZ Survey. We estimate that we can achieve XX% market share within XX years.

Marketing data for other markets is in the process of collection.

Other Markets

Use the same format for additional markets.

Targeting New Markets

To continue our growth, we will be using the following methods to expand our markets and to increase our new areas of doing business:

§ Customer contact - find out their needs

§ Look for complementary products

§ Trade shows

§ World Trade Center “Network”

§ U.S. Government trade leads

§ State Government trade leads

§ On-line computer prospecting and qualification (DIALOG, D&B, etc.)

§ Market surveys

§ Research & development

Location

RETAIL EXAMPLE:

This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:

1. The traffic flow has been rated at high.

2. The rent is below market

3. The building has the necessary facilities to operate this business.

4. The location is convenient for our customers.

We are renting this building on a XX year lease. We will have renovations costing $XXX based upon three estimates. The building is zoned R-3, commercial use.

OTHER SAMPLE:

This business will be operated at 123 Any Street. This location is desirable because:

1. The building is structurally compatible for our use.

2. The rent is below market

3. The building has the necessa

篇15：商业计划书英文

商业计划书英文

Your business plan is very often the first impression potential investors get about your venture. But even if you have a great product, team, and customers, it could also be the last impression the investor gets if you make any of these avoidable mistakes.

INVESTORS see thousands of business plans each year, even in this down market. Apart from a referral from a trusted source, the business plan is the only basis they have for deciding whether or not to invite an entrepreneur to their offices for an initial meeting.

With so many opportunities, most investors simply focus on finding reasons to say no. They reason that entrepreneurs who know what they are doing will not make fundamental mistakes. Every mistake counts against you.

This article shows you how to avoid the most common errors found in business plans.

Content Mistakes

Failing to relate to a true pain

Pain comes in many flavors: my computer network keeps crashing; my accounts receivable cycle is too long; existing treatments for a medical condition are ineffective; my tax returns are too hard to prepare. Businesses and consumers pay good money to make pain go away.

You are in business to get paid for making pain go away.

Pain, in this setting, is synonymous with market opportunity. The greater the pain, the more widespread the pain, and the better your product is at alleviating the pain, the greater your market potential.

A well written business plan places the solution firmly in the context of the problem being solved.

Value inflation

Phrases like ”unparalleled in the industry;“ ”unique and limited opportunity;“ or ”superb returns with limited capital investment“ - taken from actual documents - are nothing but assertions and hype.

Investors will judge these factors for themselves. Lay out the facts - the problem, your solution, the market size, how you will sell it, and how you will stay ahead of competitors - and lay off the hype.

Trying to be all things to all people

Many early-stage companies believe that more is better. They explain how their product can be applied to multiple, very different markets, or they devise a complex suite of products to bring to a market.

Most investors prefer to see a more focused strategy, especially for very early stage companies: a single, superior product that solves a troublesome problem in a single, large market that will be sold through a single, proven distribution strategy.

That is not to say that additional products, applications, markets, and distribution channels should be discarded - instead, they should be used to enrich and support the highly focused core strategy.

You need to hold the story together with a strong, compelling core thread. Identify that, and let the rest be supporting characters.

No go-to-market strategy

Business plans that fail to explain the sales, marketing, and distribution strategy are doomed.

The key questions that must be answered are: who will buy it, why, and most importantly, how will you get it to them?

You must explain how you have already generated customer interest, obtained pre-orders, or better yet, made actual sales - and describe how you will leverage this experience through a cost-effective go-to-market strategy.

”We have no competition“

No matter what you may think, you have competitors. Maybe not a direct competitor - in the sense of a company offering an identical solution - but at least a substitute. Fingers are a substitute for a spoon. First class mail is a substitute for e-mail. A coronary bypass is a substitute for an angioplasty.

Competitors, simply stated, consist of everybody pursuing the same customer dollars.

To say that you have no competition is one of the fastest ways you can get your plan tossed - investors will conclude that you do not have a full understanding of your market.

The ”Competition“ section of your business plan is your opportunity to showcase your relative strengths against direct competitors, indirect competitors, and substitutes.

Besides, having competitors is a good thing. It shows investors that a real market exists.

Too long

Investors are very busy, and do not have the time to read long business plans. They also favor entrepreneurs who demonstrate the ability to convey the most important elements of a complex idea with an economy of words.

An ideal executive summary is no more than 1-3 pages. An ideal business plan is 20-30 pages (and most investors prefer the lower end of this range).

Remember, the primary purpose of a fund-raising business plan is to motivate the investor to pick up the phone and invite you to an in-person meeting. It is not intended to describe every last detail.

Document the details elsewhere: in your operating plan, R&D plan, marketing plan, white papers, etc.

Too technical

Business plans - especially those authored by people with scientific backgrounds - are often packed with too many technical details and scientific jargon.

Initially, investors are interested in your technology only in terms of how it:

solves a really big problem that people will pay for;

is significantly better than competing solutions;

can be protected through patents or other means; and

can be implemented on a reason-able budget.

All of these questions can be answered without a highly technical discussion of how your product works. The details will be reviewed by experts during the due diligence process.

Keep the business plan simple. Document the technical details in separate white papers.

No risk analysis

Investors are in the business of balancing risks versus rewards. Some of the first things they want to know are what are the risks inherent in your business, and what has been done to mitigate these risks.

The key risks of entrepreneurial ventures include:

Market risks: Will people actually buy what you have to sell? Will you need to create a major change in consumer behavior?

Technology risks: Can you actually deliver what you say you can? On budget and on time?

Operational risks: What can go wrong in the day-to-day operations of the company? What can go wrong with manufacturing and customer support?

Management risks: Can you attract and retain the right team? Can your team actually pull this off? Are you prepared to step aside and let somebody else take over if necessary?

Legal risks: Is your intellectual property truly protected? Are you infringing on another company's patents? If your solution does not work, can you limit your liability?

This is, of course, just a partial list of risks.

Even though you may feel that the risks are negligible, potential investors will feel otherwise unless you demonstrate that you have given a lot of thought to what can go wrong and have taken prudent steps to mitigate these risks.

Poorly organized

Your idea should flow in a nice, organized fashion. Each section should build logically on the previous section, without requiring the reader to know something that is presented later in the plan.

Although there is no single ”correct“ business plan structure, one successful structure is as follows:

Executive Summary: This is a brief, 1 to 3 page summary of everything that follows in the plan. It should be a stand-alone document, as many readers will make their initial decision based on the executive summary alone. This should usually be written last; otherwise, you have nothing to summarize!

Background: If you are in a highly specialized field, you should provide some background in layman terms since most investors will not have advanced degrees in your field.

Market Opportunity: Describe how businesses and consumers are suffering, and how much they are willing to pay for a solution.

Products or Services: Describe what you do, and how your solution fits into the market opportunity.

Market Traction: Describe how you have succeeded in attracting customers, marketing and distribution partnerships, and other alliances that demonstrate that experts in your market are betting on your solution.

Competitive Analysis: Identify your direct and indirect competitors, and describe how your solution is better.

Distribution and Marketing Strategy: Describe how you will go to market, how you will price your products, etc.

Risk Analysis: Identify major sources of risks, and describe how you are mitigating them.

Milestones: Showcase a strong past track record, and describe key checkpoints for the future.

Company and Management: Provide the basic facts about your company - where and when you incorporated, where you are located, and brief biographies of your core team.

Financials: Provide summaries of your P&L and cash flows, and the assumptions used to come up with these. Also describe your funding needs, how you will use the proceeds, and possible exit strategies for investors.

As stated earlier, there is no ”right“ structure - you will need to experiment to find the one that best suits your business.

Financial Model Mistakes

Forgetting Cash

Revenues are not cash. Gross margins are not cash. Profits are not cash. Only cash is cash.

For example, suppose you sell something this month for $100, and it cost you $60 to make it. But you have to pay your suppliers within 30 days, while the buyer probably won't pay you for at least 60 days.

In this case, your revenue for the month was $100, your profit for the month was $40, and your cash flow for the month was zero. Your cash flow for the transaction will be negative $60 next month when you pay your suppliers.

Although this example may seem trivial, very slight changes in the timing difference between cash receipt and disbursement - just a couple of weeks - can bankrupt your business.

When you build your financial model, make sure that your assumptions are realistic so that you raise sufficient capital.

Lack of Detail

Your financials should be constructed from the bottom-up, and then validated from the top-down.

A bottom-up model starts with details such as when you expect to make certain sales, or when you expect to hire specific employees.

Top-down validation means that you examine your overall market potential and compare that to the bottom-up revenue projections.

Round numbers - like one million in R&D expenses in Year 2, and two million in Year 3 - are a sure sign that you do not have a bottom-up model.

Unrealistic financials

Only a very small handfull of companies achieve $100 million or more in sales only five years after founding.

Projecting much more than that will not be credible, and will get your business plan canned faster than almost anything else.

On the other hand, a business with only $25 million in revenues after five years will be too small to interest serious investors.

Financial forecasts are a litmus test of your understanding of how venture capitalists think.

If you have a realistic basis for projecting $50-100 million in Year 5, you are probably a good candidate for venture financing. Otherwise, you should probably look elsewhere.

Insufficient financial projections

Basic financial projections consist of three fundamental elements: Income Statements, Balance Sheets, and Cash Flow Statements. All of these must conform to Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or GAAP.

Investors generally expect to see five years of projections. Of course, nobody can see five years into the future. Investors primarily want to see the thought process you employ to create long-term projections.

A good financial model will also include sensitivity analyses, showing how your projected results will change if your assumptions turn out to be incorrect. This allows both you and the investor to identify the assumptions that can have a material effect on your future performance, so that you can focus your energies on validating those assumptions.

They should also include benchmark comparisons to other companies in your industry - things like revenues per employee, gross margin per employee, gross margin as a percentage of revenues, and various expense ratios (general and administrative, sales and marketing, research and development, and operations as a percentage of total operating expenses).

Conservative assumptions

Nobody ever believes that assumptions are conservative, even if they truly are.

Develop realistic assumptions that you can support, refrain from using the words ”conservative“ or ”aggressive“ in your plan, and leave it at that.

Offering a valuation

Many business plans err by stating that their company is worth a certain amount. How do you know? The value of a company is determined by the market - by what others are willing to pay - and unless you are in the business of buying, selling, or investing in companies, you probably don't have an acute sense of what the market will bear.

If you name a price, one of two things can happen: (a) your price is too high, and investors will toss your plan; or (b) your price is too low, and investors will take advantage of you. Both are bad.

The purpose of the business plan is to tell your story in the most compelling manner possible so that investors will want to go to the next step. You can always negotiate the price later.

Stylistic Mistakes

Poor spelling and grammar

If you make silly mistakes in your business plan, what does that say about how you run your business?

Use your spelling and grammar checkers, get other people to edit the plan, do whatever it takes to purge embarrassing errors.

Too repetitive

All too often, a plan covers the same points over and over. A well-written plan should cover key points only twice: once, briefly, in the executive summary, and again, in greater detail, in the body of the plan.

Appearance matters

At any point in time, an investor has dozens if not hundreds of plans waiting to be read. Get to the top of the pile by making sure that the cover is attractive, the binding is professional, the pages are well laid out, and the fonts are large enough to be easily read.

On the other hand, don't go too far - you don't want to give the impression that you are all style and no substance.

Execution Mistakes

Waiting until too late

The capital formation process takes a long time. In general, count on 6 months to a year from the time you start writing the plan until the time the money is in the bank.

Don't put it off. Your management team should be prepared to invest about 500 hours into the plan. If you are too busy building your product, company, or customers (which is arguably a better use of your time), consider outsourcing the development of the business plan.

Failing to seek outside review

Make sure that you have at least a few people review your plan before you send it out - preferably people who understand your market, sales and distribution strategies, the VC market, etc.

Your plan may look perfect to you and your team, but that's probably because you've been staring at it for months.

Good, objective reviews from outsiders with a fresh perspective can save you from myopia.

Overtweaking

You could spend countless hours tweaking your plan in the pursuit of perfection.

A lot of this time would be better spent working on your product, company, and customers.

At some point, you need to pull the trigger and get the plan out in front of a few investors.

If the reaction is positive, and they want to move forward, great.

If the reaction is negative (assuming that the investor was a good fit to begin with), then you may have been heading down the wrong path. Get feedback from a couple of investors, and if a general consensus emerges, go back and refine your plan.

Conclusion

It's a tough investment climate, but good ideas backed by good teams and good business plans are still getting funded.

Give yourself the best possible chance by avoiding these simple mistakes.

篇16：商业计划书英文

This article shows you how to avoid the most common errors found in business plans.

Content Mistakes

Failing to relate to a true pain

You are in business to get paid for making pain go away.

A well written business plan places the solution firmly in the context of the problem being solved.

Value inflation

Trying to be all things to all people

You need to hold the story together with a strong, compelling core thread. Identify that, and let the rest be supporting characters.

No go-to-market strategy

Business plans that fail to explain the sales, marketing, and distribution strategy are doomed.

The key questions that must be answered are: who will buy it, why, and most importantly, how will you get it to them?

”We have no competition“

Competitors, simply stated, consist of everybody pursuing the same customer dollars.

To say that you have no competition is one of the fastest ways you can get your plan tossed - investors will conclude that you do not have a full understanding of your market.

The ”Competition“ section of your business plan is your opportunity to showcase your relative strengths against direct competitors, indirect competitors, and substitutes.

Besides, having competitors is a good thing. It shows investors that a real market exists.

Too long

An ideal executive summary is no more than 1-3 pages. An ideal business plan is 20-30 pages (and most investors prefer the lower end of this range).

Document the details elsewhere: in your operating plan, R&D plan, marketing plan, white papers, etc.

Too technical

Business plans - especially those authored by people with scientific backgrounds - are often packed with too many technical details and scientific jargon.

Initially, investors are interested in your technology only in terms of how it:

solves a really big problem that people will pay for;

is significantly better than competing solutions;

can be protected through patents or other means; and

can be implemented on a reason-able budget.

All of these questions can be answered without a highly technical discussion of how your product works. The details will be reviewed by experts during the due diligence process.

Keep the business plan simple. Document the technical details in separate white papers.

No risk analysis

The key risks of entrepreneurial ventures include:

Market risks: Will people actually buy what you have to sell? Will you need to create a major change in consumer behavior?

Technology risks: Can you actually deliver what you say you can? On budget and on time?

Operational risks: What can go wrong in the day-to-day operations of the company? What can go wrong with manufacturing and customer support?

Management risks: Can you attract and retain the right team? Can your team actually pull this off? Are you prepared to step aside and let somebody else take over if necessary?

Legal risks: Is your intellectual property truly protected? Are you infringing on another company's patents? If your solution does not work, can you limit your liability?

This is, of course, just a partial list of risks.

Poorly organized

Your idea should flow in a nice, organized fashion. Each section should build logically on the previous section, without requiring the reader to know something that is presented later in the plan.

Although there is no single ”correct“ business plan structure, one successful structure is as follows:

篇17：英文商业计划书

英文商业计划书

table of contents

executive summary..........................

management..................................

history...........................

description.............

objectives..................................

competitors................................

competitive advantages...................

innovation..................................

pricing..................................

specific markets..................................

growth strategy....................................

market size and share..........................

targeting new markets.......................

location..................................

manufacturing plan................................

research & development......................

historical financial data........................

proforma financial data.........................

proforma balance sheet.........................

cost control..................................

effects of loan or investment...............

attachments..................................

executive summary

was formed as a in in , by in response to the following market conditions:

opportunities exist in .

the need for use of efficient distribution and financial methods in these overlooked markets.

have several customers who are willing to place large within the next three months.

several other prospective have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months.

previously owned a company that was active in the widget markets. over the past few years i spent much time studying ways to improve overall performance and increase profits. this plan is a result of that study.

the basic components of this plan are:

1. competitive pricing

2. expand the markets

3. increased advertising

4. lower our unit costs,

5. thereby achieving higher profits.

1. sign contracts

2. increased advertising

3. increase office staff

objectives

long term

believes very strongly in technical, financial, business and moral excellence. to secure a stable future for all those connected with we have set the following long term goals:

present market is estimated at xxx. our goal for market share is xx%.

we want to be considered by our peers to be the market leader in sales as evidenced by:

trade industry awards

high end of scale in financial ratios

major market share

technical excellence (awards, honors, etc.)

community involvement (rotary, united way, etc.)

short term

market share goals -

1. first year xx%

2. second year xx%

3. third year xx%

4. fourth year xx%

costs through acquisition of new plant and equipment. increase productivity by investing in employee training and education.

1. budget for complete computer training for appropriate applications.

2. set up, maintain] employee benefit program for continuing college education.

3. budget for necessary seminars and/or continuing job-specific education.

4. maintain state-of-the-art accounting system for careful tracking.

5. monthly reports on financial status vis-a-vis the industry.

6. aggressive recruitment of the best technical staff in the industry.

7. support company involvement in various local and national charity events.

篇18：创业计划书英文

【范文】

A Business Plan of Promoting MOOCs among Chinese High School

Students----

Advancing the links between Chinese college and high school education

___________________________________________________________________________________

1. Introduction

developing countries such as India and Most people believe that the quality of

educational systems are proportional to its Only 23% of people from age 18-22 have price. But nowadays, as more and more graduated from university in [4]. university implement MOOC and its Therefore, a change is needed, and MOOC policies of sharing informations, better comes right in place.

education can be accessed cheaper and

easier.

many Chinese institude will also use its

and feasibility in this paper.

Potential

The cost for premium or high-level

education in China is lavish, and is not -

accessible for people in the lower class.

Preliminary cooperation among Chinese autonomy,

The result reliable and recognized by most companies of implementation of MOOC is dependent because of fast development of IT.

likely create the world's leading MOOC

running system High School-University 1.4

link mode?

1.3

Connectivism values schools and colleges will take MOOC into

practice,

and establishment of MOOC platforms. This is requirements include making

developments of MOOC.[6,7]

1.4.2 Profitability forecast

Entrepreneurial organization Profits will be gained once courses and study materials are published online. 2.

Partnerships with institutions, digital co-overview

operations, sponsors, and advertisements Purpose: Better education that serves the could also generate income. people

In the earlier stage, profits mainly come Name of the organization: from bonuses of the operation of MOOCs. Development Department of Chinese In the later stage, profits mainly come from MOOCs

the bonuses of ipo(initial public offerings). Goal: The promotion of MOOCs among The maturity stage of a MOOOC platform Chinese high schools and the in China should be a completed industrial

chain: technology, funding, application

and teaching resources in the front end;

companies that admit the learning

experience of MOOC learners and provide

The fact is, China has yet to fulfill the

requirements of this completed industrial

chain. Meanwhile, internet business has

Facilities needed:

courses for high school students could be advantageously shared through the network, embodying the central idea of MOOCs, which is massive and online.

Colleges and high schools for trial

operation ( schools in the early centers of 3.1.2 -The ”Long-term Education Reform MOOCs, see 4.3 Assessment of the and Development Plan (-)“ marketing ability and 5.1 Marketing mentioned the role of technology, plan); foreign and domestic pioneer technology-driven reforms, and the enterprises; education departments of importance information technology in governments.

3. Products and Services

3.1 Background of research and development

education. It also mentioned that ”IT has a revolutionary impact on the development of education''[8] and was highly recognized by the educational department and plan to speed up this process as one of 10 major aim of the plan because informatization is an inevitable trend and period for the future development of

Most Chinese teachers stick to traditional teaching methods with a low level of

application of educational technology in classes; students participate in the learning process with a lack of interaction, which thinking and communication abilities.

3.1.5-Recent practices of MOOCs credit systems In Europe,

articulation mechanism, which is the basic obstructs the development of critical

On the other hand, within Mainland China, the development of MOOC platforms has provided insights of forming a brand new MOOC credit system between Chinese colleges.

To summarize, recent practices have revealed the significant potentials of building a strong MOOC credit system for not only Chinese colleges, but also the high schools.

3.2 Product patterns and development plans

Development plan one Abstract:

MOOC development companies enlarge investment in technological innovation to further address the following tasks: a. Providing more individualized and interacted learning experience of high

schools;

b. Fulfilling high school students’ needs for entertainment while maintaining the quality of courses; Development plan two Abstract:

1)Establishing proctored examination centers which organizes MOOCs final examinations at stated times every year ( one time in the first year recommended)

as between colleges and high schools through:

1) Promoting mutual recognition between existing Chinese colleges alliances (the Three Alliances for example) as the first step

2) Recommending the government to build a specified and feasible college-high school credit transfer mechanism nationally

3. Enlarges the number of target audiences by:

1) Increasing budgets in advertisement by colleges and high schools

2) Promoting mutual recognition between regions (the existing Chinese colleges alliances for example)

4. Establishing high school MOOCs learning community by:

2) Improving the technical level of identity In the light of the successful running of the

biggest MOOC learning community authentication

3) Improving the technical level of online remote proctor

2. Promotes the mutual recognition of

presently in China, the guokr learning community it is of vital to endeavor to developing “small platforms” (MOOC learning community

MOOC credits between colleges as well apart from building the “big platforms”

(MOOC platforms). It serves the goal of maximizing the benefits socialization learning.

Development mode:

Online MOOC learning community 1) Creating online clustering community and increasing budgets in perfecting the automated complementary learning tools

2) Creating incentives to encourage

academic conversations between students and providing highly individualized learning experience 3) Strengthening teachers’ academic guidance for students

Development plan three Abstract:

While required courses are still dominant teaching experience

b. Recommending the government to construct the teacher advancing system and to support the advancement of teachers’ informizational skills in other forms

regions and thus writing the guide book about application of MOOCs in high school required courses by MOOC development companies 3.3 Function of the product

1) Fulfils high school students’ huge demand for more diverse classes

2) Complements the current educational resources

3) Promotes the development of communicational skills and critical thinking ability of students through feedback.

4) Bolsters communication between different educational institutions and promotes the sharing of educational resources nationwide b. Additional function

c. Fosters understanding of required courses

d. Facilitates high school students’ recognition and planning of college majors

e. Encourages academic communication between high school students’ and between high school students’ and college students

f. Performs as the preliminary studies of constructing college-high school MOOC credit system nationwide g. Promotes the informization and modernization of education

h. Promotes the “localization” of MOOCs

4. Market Analysis Summary 4.1 Brief summary of time period i. The embryonic period: five years [13]..

ii. The period of rapid growth:

Promotes among other colleges and high schools; estimated: three years.

iii. The period of growing maturity of the mechanism:

Popularized among Chinese educational institutions and seeks for a new level of innovation and promotion.

4.2 Time period

Period one (the embryonic period)

Market objectives:

Finishes the construction of MOOCs in top universities and starts the trial operation of college-high school MOOCs credit system.

Estimated: five years

comprehensive analysis of data and prompt Targeted mainly at top colleges; estimated:

The first year:

a. Seeks cooperation with foreign and domestic outstanding universities on educational resources sharing; b. Finishes the preliminary construction of

a. Under government's approval, starts the trial operation of college-high school credit system in experimental schools and establishes student data files under the agreement of school and agencies.

independent MOOCs platform in

conjunction with the government's work; The fourth year: c. Advertises to win audience;

d. Cooperates with high schools who sees its potential;

The second year:

personnel training to pilot schools a. MOOCs are expected to be reachable in where the online courses have taken shape;

b. Starts the trial operation of studying

MOOCs as elective courses in different Period two (the period of rapid growth) classes separately; students’ academic Market objectives: performance in these courses will be

used to evaluate their academic After meeting the requirements and funds proficiency and transform into credits needed by MOOCs, its development is with

The third year:

a. Expands audience and attracts more universities and high schools for cooperation as MOOC gradually become more mature and earn greater reputation at the city level in China.

a. Provides corresponding hardware and The fifth year:

most provinces around China; promotes the integration of MOOC platforms in different areas of the country.

corresponding school-specific expected to enter a period of rapid

expansion where the number of high schools participating in MOOCs increases significantly, as the links between high

policies;

development nationwide.

Period three(The period of growing

The sixth year:

With growing competition and cooperation maturity of the mechanism): between MOOCs in different regions,

Market objectives:

different radiation range takes shape and region-specific college-high school MOOC i. credit system are expected to be driving to the maturity stage.

ii.

The seventh year:

a. The gradual formation of a polycentric pattern of Chinese MOOCs platforms of different regions; different MOOC centers establishes steady partnerships with leagues of colleges and high schools;

b. Sets up supervising instituions and instituions in charge of students’ data files collaborating with the government; The eighth year:

With guidance of the government and

Presently, coursera, edX, and Udacity, forms three leagues of colleges that produce MOOCs. On the other hand,

Realizes the stage of maturility of MOOC platforms and MOOC mechanisms;

Focuses on the perfection and updating of MOOCs in the later development phases;

iii. Enlarges its influence and obtains more diversified educational resources by promoting Chinese MOOC mode to other areas in the world;

4.3 Assessment of the marketing ability

comprehensive analysis of the market trend,

With consideration of the current division structure of Chinese IT (Information

2. Achieve the goal of enlarging influence from sample to the whole and from top to the bottom:

Domestic top universitis take the leading

Domestic outstanding universities take the

5 Marketing Strategy 5. 1 Marketing Plan

opertion of having MOOC courses and running MOOC college-high school credit system;

3. Promoting the integration of platforms and diversivication of educational resources:

Enlarges the market by integration and perfection of MOOC platforms to attract larger number of IT companies and cooperative schools;

Discloses most college courses to the public in order to promote the

5.2 Planning and development plan Provides educational resources (courses and learning materials) by the institutions of higher learning, with technological

The development plan of MOOC development companies are divided in three parts below:

3. Develops the derivatives of MOOC, such as MOOC based library, MOOC

based interactive learning multimedia

systems and individual creation of courses. 6.2 Management plan overview

6.1 Consititution of the management team:

School authorities(three): Director of courses recording (one) School Directors Operations Explorer Enterprise Square (5):

CEO (Chief executive officer) similar to the general manager, CEO, president, corporate legal representative.

COO (Chief operating officer) Executive General Manager, COO similar CFO (Chief financial officer) chief financial officer, general manager of similar financial

CTO (Chief technology officer), CTO similar Engineer

Collection and distribution of CIO (Chief information officer), chief information officer in charge of corporate information

A.CEO and school directors make final decision on important affairs about the operation of MOOC platforms.

E. Internal party follows the normal mode of operation and management.

7. Research of the developing process 7.1. Source of funding and technology in the early stage of startup

Notes that the budgets in this part of the business plan are calculated based on the formula below with detailed explanations.

The COP formula is:

Fixed costs (FC) + variable costs (VC) divided by number of units = production cost per item

In this case, fixed costs refer to the costs that do not change based on the number of products produced, which includes the rent paid for building, employees’ salaries and utility costs.

a. Source of funding:

1) Government: Provides certain percentage of infrastructure building subsidies

phases, Chinese colleges and MOOC development companies will be capable of developing MOOC platforms independently

7.2. Utilization of funding, improvement of technologies and their timetable in the early stage of startup a. Improvement of technology

1) Infrastructure building, which primarily focuses on holding online courses;

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

2) Hardware storage manager needed for building online database of students’ learning experience;

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

3) Long-term research budgets for academic mentoring system;

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

4) Research and development expenditures for derivative programs of MOOCs

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

support financially and strategically in later b. Marketing

1) Development expenditure for cooperation with foreign MOOC platforms and participating colleges; Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

2) Trial operation of promoting MOOC to local high schools (adjacent to the headquarters of the company); Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

3) Enlarging influence by advertising through mass media;

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

4) Keeping necessary level of cash liquidity by managing flows of capitals,

Estimated Cost of Production Budget:

8. Financial analysis

Note the expected income refers to the net income or net profits.

8.1. Budgets of programs in the early stage (see 7.2. Utilization of funding, improvement of technologies and their timetable in the early stage of startup) 8.2 Estimated income a. Fees of courses;

Expected income: b. Issuing of verification; Expected income:

a. Charges of derivatives of MOOCs; Expected income:

b. Franchise fees for technological sharing; Expected income:

8.3 Distribution and utilization of expected income

a. Construction of MOOC platform and production of courses, Estimated:

b. Development and perfection of other functions of the platform, Estimated:

c. Marketing programs, Estimated:

8.4 Improvement plan of the financial management system

a. Forming an operational college-company financial model with reference to specific commercial agreement; b. Utilizing and perfecting the existing

online payment system; c. Opening discussions with the government on specific financial certification process;

9.Opportunity and Risk

9.1 Feasibility evaluation (advantages and disadvantages)

Assessing advantages:

1. Goes with the tide of global development of MOOC (Massive Open Online Courses)

2. Conforms to the current structural reform of Chinese education, noteworthily the reforms of Chinese College Entrance Exam

5. Reforms traditional teaching ideals and patterns of teachers, thus promotes educational innovation and modernization through advancing teachers’ informatization skills

6. Market potentials as analyzed in the earlier parts. (See for reference)

Assessing disadvantages:

1. Regional educational development discrepancies and different levels of promotion of MOOCs among senior high school students may exacerbate current educational inequality between regions. And

development of Chinese traditional culture

4. Obstruction in the promotion may include the following aspects:

a. Uneven qualities of different MOOCs

b. Possible repetitive use of educational resources in MOOC platforms

c. High cost of traditional agents of network

d. Technological barriers

e. Inadequate social awareness and accepetance

5. Personalized online learning experience requires innovation in relevant technologies

6. Pure online learning may lead to inadequate moral education for senior high schools adolescents and impair their social functioning with lack of face-to-face communication.

Conclusion:

With thorough consideration about the

opportunity and risks of this business, we

schools, its estimated benefits far outweigh

References.

[2]Veronica Diaz, Malcolm Brown, Stephen Pelletier -Learning and the Massive Open Online Course, Educase - A Report on the ELI Focus Session, May 2013.

[3]Jiahua Wang, Jing Wang - MOOC- and its value of a gloabalizing education system to China. Accenture.

[4]Uwe Brandenburg, Jiani Zhu - Higher Education in China in the light of massification and demographic change. Arbeitspapier Nr. 97 ,Oct, .

[5]Xin Chen, Deborah R. Barnett, and Casheena Stephens- Fad or Future: The

Advantages and Challenges of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) September, 2013.

[6]Brynn Zuccaro – The Small Business Online Marketing Guide, Tips + Advice to Grow Your

Business Through Online Marketing.

[7]Rieva Lesonsky - The Entrepreneur’s Guide to Doing Business Online. Entrepreneur magazine.

[8]Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (2010-2020) Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, July 2010.

[9] The Ten Hot Spots in Chinese High School Education 2013. Journal of High School Education – New years special vol 7, December 2013.

[10]Quick educational news(jiao xue kuai xun) Vol,212. Zhejiang University Senateof Academic Affairs. June, 2013.

[11]Fourth Summit of Famous Secondary School Principals, May 2013, China Education Daily.

[12]Zhang Xiuping - The Combination of Traditional Teaching Method and Problem Based

Learning The China Papers, Vol. 1, October 20**

[13]Email chat with co-school director of Shanghai Tsinghua University.

篇19：商业计划书英文

商业计划书英文

business plan

成都.万汇投资管理有限公司 (86)027 87292815

table of contents

executive summary..........................

management..................................

history...........................

description.............

objectives..................................

competitors................................

competitive advantages...................

innovation..................................

pricing..................................

specific markets..................................

growth strategy....................................

market size and share..........................

targeting new markets.......................

location..................................

manufacturing plan................................

research & development......................

historical financial data........................

proforma financial data.........................

proforma balance sheet.........................

cost control..................................

effects of loan or investment...............

attachments..................................

executive summary

was formed as a in in , by in response to the following market conditions:

opportunities exist in .

the need for use of efficient distribution and financial methods in these overlooked markets.

have several customers who are willing to place large within the next three months.

several other prospective have expressed serious interest in doing business within six months.

the basic components of this plan are:

1. competitive pricing

2. expand the markets

3. increased advertising

4. lower our unit costs,

5. thereby achieving higher profits.

1. sign contracts

2. increased advertising

3. increase office staff

objectives

long term

believes very strongly in technical, financial, business and moral excellence. to secure a stable future for all those connected with we have set the following long term goals:

present market is estimated at $xxx. our goal for market share is xx%.