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马云的英语演讲稿

时间：2023-06-09 08:26:30 演讲稿收藏本文下载本文

马云的英语演讲稿（共16篇）由网友“小鱼干”投稿提供，以下是小编为大家汇总后的马云的英语演讲稿，希望对大家有所帮助。

马云的英语演讲稿

篇1：马云英语演讲稿

Small is beautiful for 21st century: Jack Ma

CHIEF executives of the world's biggest companies will meet Apec leaders at Suntec today to begin discussions on ways to rebuild the global economy.

But yesterday, Chinese entrepreneur Jack Ma of had a different message for 700 bosses of small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) attending the Apec SME Summit at nearby Raffles City: Small is beautiful.

'In the last century, big was better,' said the China-based e-commerce company's founder. 'But in the 21st century, I believe small is beautiful because it is not about how much equipment you have, it is about how quickly you can change yourself to meet the market.'

Giving a rousing keynote address at the event - regarded as a sideshow to today's Apec CEO Summit - Mr Ma took a poke at larger corporates that suffered beatings during the financial crisis.

Speaking to a packed ballroom, he said the crisis had been disastrous for many big names in the West. 'All the big companies which we all wanted to be like - today, they have all died. But we SMEs - yes we felt the pain - but we are happier now because we survived.'

Mr Ma, who trained as a high school teacher in Hangzhou, founded the Alibaba Group in after successfully starting China Pages, widely believed to be the mainland's first , in 1995.

A popular speaker at global business conferences, he also gave his take on government bailouts offered to larger companies and financial institutions.

'We have heard so many stories about big companies in trouble... They are the troublemakers, we should not give them so much support, let them die, it is time for them to die,' he said, to loud applause.

Mr Ma added that if governments want strong economies, they should turn their attention to SMEs and give incentives to individuals starting their own reason: SME owners may start small, but they dream big: 'We believe we are tomorrow's Google, we believe we are tomorrow's eBay, we believe we are tomorrow's UPS.'

Singapore's Minister of State for Trade and Industry Lee Yi Shyan also called for Apec economies to focus their efforts on helping smaller companies.

'While we might have moved out of the worst of the financial crisis, the foundation of recovery is still fragile and can be weakened if we allow protectionism to creep in,' said Mr Lee.

At a separate event yesterday, Trade and Industry Minister Lim Hng Kiang noted that the Apec CEO Summit's theme of Rebuilding the Global Economy: Crisis and Opportunity was a timely one.

Speaking at the welcome reception for delegates, he said: 'It is also apt that at this critical juncture of the world economy, this year's CEO Summit has a record turnout of Apec leaders since the inception of the CEO Summit in .'

The minister said that as Apec celebrates its 20th birthdaythis year, it is a good opportunity for Apec and the private sector to consider how it can develop and implement initiatives to meet future needs.

Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong and Chinese President Hu Jintao will be among the speakers at the Apec CEO Summit today.

篇2：马云英语演讲稿

many things in this world find neither an answer nor a proper explanation. for example, why should two become a couple among the billions of people on earth? why don't they love each other even though they live together everyday, and yet one of them falls in love with someone else at the first sight? why do the members of a family quarrel daily but still stay unhappily together? why can't they get married in spite of the fact that they are a perfect match to each other? why should one toil so much for the other? why should the love-infatuated always be deserted by the heartless?.....

people remain puzzled in spite of their great effort to understand the endlequestions, so they invented the all-embracing word---“predestination”. in order to be more precise, different combinations were derived from it: love predestination, sinful predestination, evil predestination, and kind predestination etc., hence we have the sayings like: “predestination will definitely bring you together despite the great distance while without predestination, you'll never know each other even though you are standing fact to face” “a distant couple is tied up with the thread of predestination” and even the phrases and expressions like “the god of marriage”, “predestination without luck”, “luck without predestination”, “coming acroeach other is a kind of predestination”, “enemies are bound to meet on a narrow road”, “they shall not marry each other unlethey are predestined lovers”. if people still can not find answers, they turn to “reincarnation” for help. lin daiyu is always in tears just for repaying for the water jia baoyu had given her when she was a plant in her previous life in a dream of the red mansions .

in fact, the so-called “predestination” is often a kind of coincidence or chance encounter, even a kind of accident. if you don't meet this person, you'll surely meet some one else. but people insist on adding some colors of emotions or superstition, thus generating various religious factions, the main theories of which are no more than that of “reincarnation”, “heaven and hell” and “the ever-lasting soul” etc.

but does anyone know anything about his previous life or his after life? what could he do even if he knew them? if he can't grasp the present life, what's the benefit of commenting on the visionary after life? giving up today is the same as giving up tomorrow, for they are closely connected. how absurd it is to work like the horse or cattle in the present life in order to be above others in the next life.

篇3：马云英语演讲稿长篇

马云英语演讲稿长篇

Thank you very much, director sir, Ladies and Gentlemen.

Before my speech, I would like to show you a video which happened in Hangzhou about our Hangzhou SME summit, can I?

Thank you!

After 3 days, you know, in house meeting Internal and fly all the way here, and I did not feel quite well today. But when I see the entrepreneurs, when I came to the SMEs, I always feel excited. Because when I join the SME Conference, I see, from the eyes, the dreams, the passion, the hope. When I join the Fortune 500 Conference, among the CEOs, I see the numbers, I see the revenues, I see the KPIs, I see the bloody competition. But among the SMEs, you see “I have a dream, I want to do something.” And that happens all the time and that makes me excited all the time.

And today I think last year every people say:“Woo, the economic is in trouble, and we are all dead, what we are going to do?” Today everybody seems to be happy, say the economy come back .Is it really that the economy comes back? I don't think so .The money is going to big companies, the money goes to infrastructure; the money goes back to the stock market. It seems nobody learns from that. How can the economy come back if the SMEs do not come back? How can the economic come back if the dreams are not back, the hopes not come back?

I saw one thing that, few days, you know, 2 days ago I had a dinner with my Singapore friends and they said: “Singapore government is encouraging to have more babies, Because, you know , people are aging and not enough kids.” I think SMEs, we, every economy, every nation, needs instant package to have more small medium size companies, to have more hopes, because every big company comes from the small business. If without hope, without this kind of instants to have more babies, we are going to die.

Why I always feel excited? I have 8 babies. In the far past 15 years, I built up 8 companies, seven of them, very healthy; one of them, I sold it. And I keep the babies, when I look at my babies--Alibaba , Taobao, Alipay and you know ,the company we just have AliCloud, we just have a new baby 2 month ago . I always feel excited because you see the hope, you know this baby is going to change me, this baby is going to change the world can change the customers. And that’s the thing I always feel excited. If you want to be happy, have more babies. If you are the government, want your economy to be good, have more SMES. These are the dreams, these are the hope, these are the future. So this is all we want to say, but enough, we’ve been crying, say: “please give us support.” But all the SMES ask yourself one question. We are not crying babies. We believe we are tomorrow’s Google, we believe we are tomorrow’s eBay, YouTube; we believe we are tomorrow’s UPS. If we believe we are, we can be; if you don’t believe, you never be.

We heard a lot of government say:” (we give you) let me know what we can do. let me know what we can help SMES.” we heard a lot of banks say:” well, we’ve been, you know, give loans to a lot of SMES.”I heard some bank said, well, one of the bank president said: “we gave like, you know, 200 millions US$ to the SMES.”I ask:” what’s the size the loan you give?”20 millions dollars. How can you say the 20 millions? As the research I got, from Alibaba Group (Alibaba statistic), 87% of the SMES, what they need, the fund is below 60 thousand US$. But they gave the loan 20 millions to some big companies, they are not SMES, they are not the hopes.

But, I think all the SMES say (that) nobody can help you. My 8 companies, I always say, nobody help us, only we can help ourselves. Don’t rely on the government, don’t rely on the bank, forget about that. Rely on your friends, rely on relatives, rely on your small dreams and always keep that thing in head. Because I’ve been trying very hard to get loans from banks, always trouble. Within the past the years, I even did not borrow one cent from banks, my kids grew up, I don’t know why.

And the banks always say because we don’t have enough information from the SMEs. Tell me, any fortune 500, any big bank, CEOs or presidents go to the SMEs summit? No! They go to the CEOs summit. How could you get information if you do not go there to listen to them, talk to them, share experiences with them? To see what they need is only 50 thousand US$, instead of 20 million dollars. How can you get enough information? So, I think, well, we discussed yesterday say, banks are banks. They always have to control the risk. Right! So government banks, let’s think about something new. New financial structure that can really help those millions of hopeful small companies that need only 50 thousand US $. What is the right structure, what is the right organization to support them? That’s the thing we should think about.

So the other thing I want to share with you here is always I believe that small is beautiful. And this financial crisis, it gave a lot of disaster; it’s a disaster to big companies. This world, in 21th century, I think in last century, it’s bigger is better. You have big (you know) factory, big amount, everything is big is good. This century, in the 21st century, I always believe small is beautiful. Because it’s not how fast your machine is. It’s not how many equipment you have, it is how quickly you can change yourself to meet the market.

Because the information time, Internet and technology make a difference. So the world IT last century is designed for the manufacturers. This century IT is designed for making a help to the consumers. So I think this is a disaster for the big company, century disasters for big companies. But it is a great opportunity for small businesses. For this financial crisis, we see a lot of big companies, we would never thought they would die, AIG, to me it’s like the empire, how could this happen. Right all the G, the big car company which we respect, we always want to be there. But today, they all died.

And let’s look at all the SMES, we still feel painful, but we are happy in our heart because we are still surviving. And we heard so many stories about big companies giving trouble. And I see the society; the government pays too much attention to these big trouble makers. They are the trouble makers and we gave them enough support, let them die; It’s the time for them to die because they make troubles. Every big company, they have different disaster, different problems, but all the SMES, have the same problems. They need understanding and support.

This world is not fair, I know, so that’s why I want to encourage everyone all the SMES here, I’m the SME, I have 8 kids, I am still SME, I still believe I’m small. Because when I am small, I know l can be big and I hate to be big, unfortunately. When I was a small company, only have 20 people, I felt so excited. Well, I can call every employee’s names and I know every time, everything I want to change, I can change within half a minute. Now, oh, terrible. When I was 20 years old, my friends said:” you company is not big enough. If you are big, you are like a big boss. You are easy, right, you can control your time.” No, my time is not controlled by myself; my time is controlled by all the meetings, sectary, KPI, shareholders, all the things. It’s much tougher than when you are small. So I always believe the first day love is every beautiful. Believe the first day love, when you are small, at least you can have time to go out go to cinema with your wife and kids and enjoy wonderful view. But when you are big, you always go to the board meetings.

And also I want to say that, I give you some, today I come here, people say Jack, you do not prepare, why don’t you have PPT.I never prepare PPT, you know, I’m not good at technology. I was trained to be a high school teacher and the only thing I can know about computer, funny thing, I’m running one of the biggest e-commerce companies in China, maybe in the world, but I know nothing about computer, the only thing I can know about computer is to send and receive email and browse. That’s it. Because I always think technology is for the people, people are not working for the technology. But today I come here, as an entrepreneur. I am prepared every day. I’m not prepared for the PPT, because every time when I use the PPT, something wrong, I cannot use it.

So I come here to tell my old experiences, I want to share with you as 8 kids’ father what I did when I have trouble. When I have trouble, I always remind me 3 things: focus on your customer, serve your employees, and learn from your competitors. These are the key issues that I learned.

Focus on your customer, everybody toady talking about shareholder NO.1, I hate that. I think it’s always customer NO.1. It’s the customer give you the money. It’s the customer give you the innovations. It’s the customer that makes you happy. Year and year , when Internet bubble burst, we cannot get any money, we did not have revenue, we have nothing, but everyday what encouraged me go on was letters of thanks and emails from my customers, said Jack, Alibaba, keep on. Because you helped us, someday we will help you. That’s the dream I had.

So today, we believe shareholder NO.1 .you only think about making numbers. You only think about revenues, you only think about how can make you stock market go up. And I let you know, no shareholders can be trusted. I tell you the truth. Well, our share stock price, 2 years ago, we listed, 13.50 Hong Kong dollars. Before that list, a lot of shareholders came to say Jack: “we are long-term shareholders, please give us more shares, we will keep it.” When the financial crisis time came, the day when IPO, 13.50 Hong Kong dollars, we went up 40 dollars without doing anything good in 24 hours. And then financial crisis came, 40 dollars to 3 dollars without doing anything bad, they all gone. Most the shareholders, they are share traders. How can you trust on them? So rely on your customers because the customers stay with you, customer grow up with you, customer give you the money, give you the hope, give you the support. So focus on customer.

And secondly, rely and serve your employees, it’s you employee, your team that make the difference. It’s the employees that make all the dreams realize. If we say we have so many problems in our big companies have a problem in getting the innovation, how to make thing happen, well, because they do not listen to the employees, they focus too much on the shareholders. And the shareholders, they give you this idea, that idea, when you really do their idea, they are gone. They change all the time, but the employees stay with you.

I remember the tough days, was so difficult year and . There was only one group of people that stay with me, that’s my colleagues. And people say Jack:” you don’t have to pay me for 2 years, I will stay with the company because you respect us, because the customers love us. “I tell you one funny thing, the only way you believe your employees are talents, they are talented people. If you don’t believe them, they will never be. My mistake I made when I was, in the year 2000, we raised 500 thousand US$ and that 5 million dollars. When we have money, we started to make mistakes. I tried to hair as many talents as possible. Those talents are MBAs; those talents are vice presidents of multinational companies, because I believe if you have MBA, you must be good, right. But when I hired these guys, oh, my god, it’s terrible. These guys came to tell you strategy. I only had 5 million dollars, I remember one of the vice president marketing said: “Jack this is the budget for next year marketing.” I said: “what that, 12 million dollars is. I only have 5 million.” He said:” I never done any plan below 10 million.” When something wrong, is always your fault, because you never know. So try to find the right people, not the best people or your employees. So if you try to hire great people in your own company which your company is not good enough at that time, just like put a Boone 747’s engine into a poor tractor, when that goes, your tractor never fly, into pieces. So my suggestion is that look at your employees, develop them, only when they are developed, your company will be developed.

The day when we IPO, we created more than a thousand millionaires at least in the company. All the guys in the sitting room, we had a chat. Said:” ask me. Now tell me one thing, why you are so successful. Why we are so successful when we are 20s, become millionaires. What happened, are we very hard working people. I think there are much more hard working people outside. Do you think we are smart enough? Oh At least, I’m not smart, I took 3 years 3 times to go to the university. I failed all the times. I don’t think I’m smart, I don’t think you are smart. “

And that time in the year 2000, it’s so difficult for Alibaba to hire people. If they are not very that much disabled, we hired them, if they can walk, we hired them. Because nobody believed the Internet, nobody believed e-commerce would work in China, nobody believed that. You know, Internet can happen. But these guys, because they have no jobs, so let’s come here. They joined the company. Those MBAs, Those people with great backgrounds, a lot of hunting company, they moved out, they started their own business, now, today they all failed. Those guys, nobody hunting them, those guys, never thought of having the dream to build their own company and stayed with the company. After 5 years, we all succeed. Why? We keep our dreams, we believed it, no matter how big your dream is, make small tiny steps .I had and grow with them, grow up with the company.

So, my mistake in year 2001 I told my 18 founders, I said: “you guys can only be team manager, all the VPs I will hire from outside.” Now 10 years have passed, all the wonderful people I hired from outside, 100% gone. And those which I think, how could you be successful. These guys all become VPs and directors. They are all powerful. Because they believe they can. So I want to tell everybody here, we all small but care your employees. These are the people, they have the families, they have dreams, they come here not only for the job, they come here with the dream to get shared with you.

And the third thing is learn from your competitors. Don’t hate the competitors. Big companies hate competitors, I love my competitors. Without competitors, we will never grow up that much fast. Year , when we started Taobao, it’s a C2C option model. EBay, my competitor, at that time is with 80 billion dollars market capital. We, small tiny, but we started compete. It’s a lot of fun to compete with big guys. , you know if I started have a box with Taisen, I’m horned, you know. If you have a chance to compete with somebody, it is a great competitor, you learned. We learned from our competitors, we respect them. Everything they move, you grow. And the other thing I want to share with you is that competitors are the best laboratory for you. Because competitors studied you. Any innovative idea they come, you learn that. Don’t copy them, learn from them. So I love my competitors, every time when I look at them with admire.

But in China, people say, Jack, you are so crazy. Because 4 years ago, I said, when I look though the microscope, I never see my competitors. People say, “How could you be that Kuang wang.”And I said: “I’m looking for examples, models, why should I look for competitors. Competitors are everywhere.” And when you compete, having you found the most interesting part of the business is competition. To make your competitors angry, to make your competitors jumping around, that’s the skill you should have. Not make yourself jumping around and angry, right? Business is such a great fun. When you compete, when I compete, if I got angry, if I jumping around, I know something wrong. Because this is a wrong strategy to compete. When you compete, not the purpose to make your competitors unhappy. If they are unhappy, if they jumping around, if they try to use money to care of things, you start to win. Because they start to lose money. When competitors start to use money to compete, they start to lose. Business is about wisdom, business is about hope, business is about courage.

So these are old excuse, and nobody comfort us I learned to use my right hand to comfort my left hand when I’m in trouble. You always tell yourself, OK, I’m still surviving, I’m still growing, and everything is good. At least I’m still surviving. Right so when you are big, you start to worry about losing something. When you are small, you start to grow. So I always believe small keeps the hope. So these are the thing I want to share with you and the last most important thing I want to say is never ever give up your dreams. I almost ,I think, you cannot eat food for 7 days that you will die, five to seven days; if you do not drink for 3 days, you will die; if you do not breath for 3 minutes, you die; but if you lose hope and dream for 1 minute, you die.

So I want to tell you that I had problems in the past 10 years. These days when I walk in China, when I look at the airport, a lot of books about me, about the Alibaba, I feel very nervous. Because these are not the books interviewed me, these are the books all right, we are not that good, we are not that bad. But today, something, you know, successful, they started to write good things about it. We made so many mistakes. The only book that I dream to write about is Alibaba’s 1001 mistakes. Every mistake I think you count it, I made it. And I know you will make it, too. Because when I was doing business, everybody said:” Woo, this is a mistake. This guy is going to make it, that guy is going to make it. I’m never going to make it.” I tell you, you will never make it. And you will make it again, again, and again. When you are making it again and again, don’t lose confidence. Make it again, you will win. That’s all we did. I mean, nobody is perfect, right?

So I almost lose my confidence in the year 2002. I had a big trouble with my team in the USA. I learned from a great consult guy to join the company, Jack:”Alibaba is doing international trade, international trade needs English. Which country has the best English you believe?” I think, USA, Right.” Now, internet needs great technology, which country has the best technology? ”We said, hen USA. Where? The Silicon Valley. So we moved our Alibaba.com to the Silicon Valley. And when I arrived at Silicon Valley, we suddenly realized something wrong. We hired people from Miami, from New York, from all over the world. They all came to the Silicon Valley. After 3 months, the problem was that nobody in the Silicon Valley knew the trade. So what’s the point having good technology and English. We are not English site. All the small medium size companies, I across aboard, they know what exactly what you are talking about no matter how terrible your English is. Right? So I stopped the mistake and I told the people, say: “sorry, it’s a mistake. Let’s move back.” So after 2 months, we moved back to China again.

The funny thing is that everybody was happy at that time because Internet is boosting. They got a lot of compensation shares, they got a lot of cash pay and finding another job is easy. And nobody wants to the shares. We give them one cent per share, no, no, no, we want cash. Now you know, they don’t believe your dreams. If they believe the dreams, give them the shares one cent. If they don’t believe, I want the cash, let them go. And I was so disappointed, a lot of people we hired, they do not want. They want cash. No matter how wonderful, at that time, it is easy to raise money, people still want cash. So I say, OK, let forget it. And I walked for half an hour on Beijing Street, my colleague was with me, and then I told myself, go to bed, sleep, tomorrow, again. Though ,We started. Today, things changed. So I want to tell you never ever give up your dreams.

And today I encourage myself and our team that reminds us one thing always I want to share with you to finish my speech that--today is very difficult, tomorrow is much more difficult, but the day after tomorrow is very beautiful. Most people die tomorrow evening. You will never be able to see the day after tomorrow’s sunshine if you give up the hope, you will not see it. If you give up your employees, you will never see it, if you give up your customers, you will be dead. But if you give up shareholders, you will get a better one.

Thank you

演讲稿翻译

非常感谢您，董事阁下，女士们，先生们。

在我演讲之前，我想给大家看一个关于杭州中小企业峰会在杭州发生的视频，可以吗?

谢谢您!

3天以后，你知道，在屋里开会，一路飞到这里，我今天感觉不太舒服。但是，当我看到企业家，当我来到中小企业，我总是感到兴奋。因为当我加入中小企业会议，我看到，从眼睛，梦想，激情，希望。当我加入财富500强会议，在首席执行官，我看到的数字，我看到收入，我看到的KPI，我看到血淋淋的竞争。但在中小企业中，你看到“我有一个梦想，我想做一些事情”，这种情况一直在发生，这让我一直很兴奋。

今天我想，去年每个人都说：“宇，经济陷入困境，我们都死了，我们要做什么?”今天大家都很高兴，说经济复苏了，真的是经济复苏了吗?我不这么认为，钱是给大公司的，钱用来基础设施，钱回股市。似乎没有人从中学习。如果中小企业不回来，经济又怎么回来?如果梦想不回来，经济又怎么回来，希望不会回来?

我看到一件事，几天，你知道，2天前我曾与我的新加坡朋友吃饭，他们说：“你知道新加坡政府鼓励多生孩子，因为，人是成熟的，没有足够的孩子。“我认为中小企业，我们每一个经济体，每一个国家，需要即时包有更多的中小企业，有更多的希望，因为每一个大公司来自小企业。如果没有希望，没有这种时刻有更多的婴儿，我们就要死了。

为什么我总是感到兴奋?我有8个孩子。在过去的里，我建立了8家公司，其中七家非常健康，其中一家，我把它卖了。我把宝宝，当我看着我的孩子--阿里巴巴，淘宝，Alipay，你知道，我们有AliCloud的公司，我们有一个新的婴儿2个月前。我总是感到兴奋，因为你看到的希望，你知道这个婴儿是要改变我，这个婴儿是要改变世界可以改变客户。这就是我一直感到兴奋的事情。如果你想快乐，有更多的孩子。如果你是政府，希望你的经济好，有更多的中小企业。这些是梦想，这些是希望，这些是未来。所以这就是我们想说的，但我们已经哭了，说：“请给我们支持”，但所有的中小企业问自己一个问题。我们不是在哭泣婴儿。我们相信我们是明天的谷歌，我们相信我们是明天的易趣网，YouTube;我们相信我们是明天的UPS。如果我们相信自己，我们可以;如果你不相信，你永远不会。

我们听到很多政府说：“(我们给你)让我知道我们能做什么。“我们知道，我们可以帮助中小企业”，我们听到很多银行说：“嗯，我们一直，你知道，给许多中小企业贷款”，我听到一些银行说，嗯，一个银行总裁说：“我们给了喜欢，你知道，200美元的.中小企业，”我问：“你的贷款规模是多少?“20百万美元。你怎么能说20百万?正如我所获得的研究，从阿里巴巴集团(阿里巴巴统计)，87%的中小企业，他们需要什么，该基金低于6万美元。但他们给了20百万的贷款给一些大公司，他们不是中小企业，他们不是希望。

但是，我认为所有的中小企业都说没有人可以帮助你。我的8家公司，我总是说，没有人帮助我们，只有我们自己才能帮助自己。不要依赖政府，不要依赖银行，忘记。依靠你的朋友，依靠亲人，依靠你的小梦想，始终保持在头。因为我一直很努力地从银行得到贷款，总是麻烦。在过去的几年里，我甚至没有从银行借一分钱，我的孩子长大了，我不知道为什么。

银行总是说，因为我们没有足够的信息从中小企业。告诉我，任何财富500强，任何大银行，首席执行官或总裁去中小企业峰会?不!他们去CEO峰会。如果你不去听他们，和他们交谈，和他们分享经验，你怎么能得到信息?看看他们需要的只有5万美元，而不是2000万美元。你如何获得足够的信息?所以，我认为，嗯，我们昨天讨论的说，银行是银行。他们总是要控制风险。正确的!所以政府银行，让我们想想新的东西。新的金融结构能够真正帮助那些只有5万美元的有希望的小公司。什么是正确的结构，什么是正确的组织来支持他们?这是我们应该考虑的事情。

所以其他的事情我想和你分享这是我一直相信

篇4：马云的演讲稿(-=-)马云英语演讲稿

马云的演讲稿(-=-)马云英语演讲稿

-05-03

马云的演讲稿(-=-)马云英语演讲稿【Begin】p演讲稿或是在公众发表的比较经典的言论

好的追加分

信息流资金流物流

12月17日,马云专程抵京,出席主题为“信息时代的办理”的哈佛-清华高层经理研修讲座。哈佛商学院与清华经管学院对国内知名企业走访调研,体例了真实鲜活的神州企业案例并选入哈佛mb办理案例库,阿里吧吧的谋划办理实践曾连续两届中选哈佛教案,并三次受到邀请与哈佛-清华高层经理研修学员交流。

现场调查发现：有90%以上的与会学员对阿里吧吧的远见、创新、战略、团队等重要指标评了高分,有不少人甚至评了满分。参加今年研修项目的学员都是来自各某种名企业的重量级职员,平均工作履历15年以上,公司年销售额达52亿美金。

马云与高层经理学员会话实录：

马云：阿里吧吧这两年越做越好,这两年变化非常大。从100多名员工发展到现在1200多员工,会员数达到250多万家。无论是从综合指标还是单项指标评骘,我们在全球b2b领域排名中是遥遥率先的,第二名同行间隔我们很远,第二名的会员数还不到10万。

在赢利方面,的阿里吧吧全年目标是赢利一块钱,今年的目标是天天收益100万元人民币,实际上,今年全年的现金赢利将跨越1亿元。

有人问,阿里吧吧做得不比任何一家上市公司差,为啥子不上市?那是由于我们现在不急于上市,我们还要做得更加完美,把客户办事得更好。

在未来三年,我们有这样三个目标：第一,成为神州客户最满意的公司,我们从流程到战略制建都围绕客户第一的原则,为此,我们今年把九大价值观的第九条：“尊重与办事”改为“客户第一”,提升为第一条价值,并界说为“客户永远是对的”。第二,员工是第二位的,我们要做神州最佳雇主公司；第三,股东第三,从明天1月1日开始,无论是财务、法律或是其他,公司将严格按排美国上市公司的规范去做,阿里吧吧要做对投资者最透明的公司。

学员：阿里吧吧与其他近是的办事企业不同,他背后没有传统行业的撑持,而是纯粹的新经济,是完全在网络上建立起来的。阿里吧吧与竞争对手比较,优势是啥子?

马云：前两年有人说：*(一家国际贸易行开设的网站)一定行,由于它有传统行业做支撑,阿里吧吧一定不行,而且阿里吧吧上没有完整的线下贸易链条,而*有完整的链条。但是阿里吧吧却活下来了,那家网站死掉了。

阿里吧吧乐成是由于我们有持久的战略,与众不同的模式,与主流不相同的运营者,就像微软的乐成、神州的格兰士微波炉的乐成,他们都创造了全新的谋划体式格局。这种创新的体式格局是现存的成熟大企业不消的,即使用,他也不会完全的接纳,而新的企业没有旧的套路,乐成的机率会大很多。

现在阿里吧吧网上有壮大的信息流,无论你要买任何工具,到阿里吧吧来你都会查到。我们在网上建设了巨大的买方以及卖方的贸易市场,这是我们第一个模式,叫“相会在阿里吧吧”,商人有个心理,买方总是要找到最好的卖家,卖家也总是想找到最好的买家。

讲师：对阿里吧吧的“远见”有啥子观点?

学员观点：阿里吧吧的模式是创新的,他们看见神州有大批的制造商以及外洋大批的采购商,利用网络信息富厚的特性,首创了阿里吧吧模式。

马云：阿里吧吧做得不错,原因在于与美国等国度的b2b不同,他们是为企业省钱省时间,在神州阿里吧吧是帮助中小企业赚钱。

在任何事情开始之前我们都要想好能为客户带来啥子样的价值,只有这样才气走得长。当年我们建立这个市场,那时我们知道神州入世是时间的问题,不是能不能入的问题。神州入世的头几年是以出口为导向,未来三、四年神州一定会以进口为导向。我们未来的一个战略是帮助神州企业进口外洋产品,外洋的货物能卖到神州来,我更看好神州未来五年进口的力量。

在神州企业出口办事领域,我们最强。英国首相来神州特别提出要以及阿里吧吧见见,日本的经济省把我们当作第一合作伙伴,现在我们在美国、日内瓦的办事处都是在以及进口商打交道。我们的模式不仅仅是神州对国际出口,国际向神州进口,除此以外,我们印度对南美,美国以及日本之间的贸易也会在阿里吧吧上展开。

电子商务划分三个阶段,阿里吧吧目前做的是第一阶段“信息流”,第二阶段是资金流,第三是物流。在网上还没建立信用之前,不会有人真正在网上做生意,所以我们就在网上建立诚信体系。银行现在正在着手进行资金流的体系建立,我认为三年之后可以尝试在网上做些交易,但是现在不行。

如果阿里吧吧要真正解决交易的问题,从中取得利益,首先要过诚信这一关。没有诚信不会有人在网上做生意。所以这两年建立诚信是我们的首要方向。到目前为止已经有三万多家企业在我们网站上申请了认证办事。加入wto后,神州有100多万家企业可以或计划出口,目前只有不到4000家企业成为阿里吧吧神州供应商,还有很大的空间。

讲师：对于阿里吧吧的“战略”有啥子观点?

学员：阿里吧吧办事的是中小企业,没有阿里吧吧时,中小企业可能融会贯通过各种传统的途径做生意。有阿里吧吧后,企业只要缴纳极少的费用就可以通过阿里吧吧与全球做生意。

学员b：阿里吧吧的眼光盯在客户身上,不会花很多精神对付竞争对手。这样他们的工作重心是全心办事于企业。大中企业通常都有很好的信息系统,而中小企业的信息来历有限,现在阿里吧吧呈现,为中小企业提供了很好的渠道,这些信息对这些中小企业非常有吸引力。

马云：在阿里吧吧,客户的利益最重要,其次是员工,之后是股东。在公司的谋划结构图上,我们是一个倒金字塔,最上层是客户,其下是一线员工,再下是中层干部,最底层是ceo。我花时间至多的是在世界各地驱驰,以及客户交流。客户的满意度、续签率对企业非常重要。美国的一家b2b网站股票一下子从200多美圆一下子跌到十几块,他的核心问题是续签率不到5%,阿里吧吧的客户不会由于销售职员的水平高付给我们一年5000美圆元的`办事费,而是由于这5000美圆确实为企业带来好处,我们有78%的客户去年交5000美圆,今年交8000美圆,由于我们的买家数是卖家数的10倍。

第二,成为阿里吧吧的客户后,必须接受培训。明年一季度我们将成立阿里吧吧学院,培训公司干部,培训客户,公司以及客户一起成长。现在每月都有客户到我们公司来接受培训,或我们到各个城市,把客户集中起来进行培训。培训内容不光是对阿里吧吧的使用,还有办理艺术、中小企业的成长等等,在这些课程上我们已经具备开办阿里吧吧学院的前提。

学员d：请问阿里吧吧目前的办事,包括告白、交易或信用办事等是以哪一种情势收益为主,业绩增长如何,预期目标是啥子?

阿里吧吧目前有中文站、国际站、日文站以及淘宝网等四家网站,买家39万,目前,我们赢利的一个首要来历是帮助神州企业出口的国际网站。今天在网上把卖“麦克风”的动静放上去,来自全球的几千名麦克风买家都会以及你接洽。这类的企业就是我们“神州供应商”用户。每年我们收取5000到8000元美金的费用,我们的公司员工会到企业里去考察,只有你切合出口的前提,你才气成为我们的办事对象。

有180万家企业在阿里吧吧神州网站长进行国内贸易,我们提供的第三方认证的“诚信通”办事,我们会在网上提供诚信的记录。三年之后有企业找你做生意,第一句要问：你以及谁做过生意,评论如何?有无不良记录?

淘宝是在非典型肺炎时期推出的小我私家交易网站,现在已是中%

【The end！】

历史上的今天：

成都婚介骗钱[：)]成都婚介所2011-05-03

免责声明：本文为网络，不代表我的任何观点和立场。

如果侵犯您的权益，请与我联系删除chinese98#gmail.com。造成不便，请见谅。

篇5：马云经典演讲稿

马云在公共场所的任何时刻面对记者的采访老是显得熟能生巧、幽默风趣而又妙语如珠,有时下笔成章,就犹如背诵一篇早已烂熟于心的报告稿。以下是星吧为您整理的两篇马云经典演讲稿，供您参考!

【马云经典演讲稿一】改变世界的不是科技,是梦想

尊敬的默克尔总理，马凯副总理，女士们先生们，大家晚上好

非常荣幸能够在CeBIT上进行演讲。

记得以前，我第一次来到汉诺威时，我们试着租了一个小小的展位来出售中国产品到西方，到欧洲。当时花了很长时间找展位，而汉诺威也远不如现在这么繁荣。

整个过程(找展位)很难，最后我们终于找到一个很小的位置，但是很少人光顾。

8年前，我们又回来了。我们希望帮助所有的参展者，把他们迁移到网上，帮助他们在阿里巴巴上卖东西——但这也没有成功。因为当时人们觉得在线交易和贸易展会是互相冲突的。

今天我又回来了。我回来的原因，是要找到互联网经济缺失的那重要一部分。过去，互联网非常成功，但是我发现一个非常奇怪的事情，很少有互联网公司能健康的、平静的活过3年。

这意味着大部分互联网公司只有“蜜日”，“蜜周”，他们甚至没有蜜月。问题在哪里?缺了什么?我坚定的相信，缺的那部分，能够在欧洲找到。

是什么?

无论你是否喜欢，过去20年，互联网对人类社会产生了巨大的影响，每个人都相信互联网为世界做出了伟大的贡献。而许多传统企业讨厌互联网，因为互联网毁掉了他们的生意。

但是为什么互联网公司担忧?你看到谷歌，Facebook，亚马逊，eBay和阿里巴巴，我们所有的人天天担心。我们觉得这里面一定有问题。我们必须找到一个解决方案，让我们的公司能够像奔驰，西门子一样，活得长久而健康。

如果一个行业不能活的超过3年，如果不是所有的公司能够快乐的生存超过3年，那这个行业永远无法成为主流，这个行业永远不可能深深根植于经济——所以，我们要做什么才能找到解决方案?

世界正在快速改变，我们今天的科技发展非常非常迅速，大部分人不知道IT是什么，互联网是什么。

IT科技和数字科技，这不仅仅是不同的技术，而是人们思考方式的不同，人们对待这个世界方式的不同。

我们不知道世界30年后会变成什么样，我们不知道数据在30年后会长成什么样——但是我们相信，整个世界在30年后会大大改变。

如果第一次和第二次技术革命释放了人的体力，那这次技术革命释放了人的脑力，脑力在革新。

未来的世界，我们将不再由石油驱动，而是由数据驱动;未来的世界，生意将是C2B而不是B2C，用户改变企业，而不是企业向用户出售——因为我们将有大量的数据。制造商必须个性化，否则他们将非常困难。

未来的世界，所有的制造商他们生产的机器，这些机器不仅会生产产品，它们必须说话，它们必须思考。机器不会再由石油和电力驱动，机器由数据来支撑。

未来的世界，企业将不再会关注于规模，企业不再会关注于标准化和权力，他们会关注于灵活性，敏捷性，个性化和用户友好。

而且我强烈相信，在未来的世界，我们会有很多女性领袖——因为在未来人们将不会只关注在肌肉力量，而会更加重视智慧，重视关怀和责任。

我认为，互联网必须找到那个缺失的部分。这个缺失的部分就是鼠标和水泥携手合作，找到一个方法让互联网经济和实体经济能够结合。只有当鼠标和水泥结合时，互联网公司才能活下来，才能开心的活30年。

如果这个结合实现，那才能被称作“D商务”时代的开端，“D”指的不是电子，我叫它数据经济，所有的东西都会被改变。

并且我相信这个世界将会因此变得非常美丽，同时也非常富有挑战性。

像苹果这样的公司告诉我们未来的样子是什么样的。有一种东西将会在机器中流动，那就是数据。

我们在一个创新，雄心，发明和创意的伟大时代，我相信每个人都在非常努力的工作，实现他们的梦想。今天我们看到了真实世界的工人，卡车司机和游戏玩家……所有这些人在过去，是不可能利用科技实现他们的梦想的。但今天，数据让一切成真。

但我强烈的相信，不是科技改变了世界，是科技背后的梦想改变了世界。如果是科技改变了世界，我不会在这儿，我没有被训练成一个科技专家，我对电脑一无所知，我对互联网也了解的不多。但是我有一个强大的梦想，我要帮助中小企业。

所以14年前我来这里想向欧洲出售中国产品，没有成功。14年后我想帮助欧洲企业向中国向世界，通过互联网出售产品。是梦想在驱动这个世界，不仅仅是科技。

女士们先生们，让我们共同努力，这是一个精彩的世界，这是一个属于年轻人的世界，这是一个属于未来的世界。

非常感谢各位的聆听。

【马云经典演讲稿二】未来仅靠勤奋与努力是不够的

珍惜每一次犯过的错

阿里创办至今，淘宝是,支付宝是。我们比较运气。这15年我们确实走得比较快，今天看过来还不错，但是期间犯的错，不亚于任何一家创办业已二三十年的公司——可能比他们犯得还要多。

但是，我们检讨自己比对时代的抱怨和指责要多、我们更正自己的速度很快。这十五年我自己也老了很多。我没想到做企业会这么辛苦。当然，我也觉得自己非常幸运，幸运在我们有这样的机会。

变革一：大数据时代，光有努力是不够的

浙商群体了不起。我们就靠着勤奋和努力做到了今天。但是，我们得思考，因为到今天光靠勤奋勇气还远远不够。当然，没有勇气是走不下去的，没有勤奋更是走不下去的。但是今天看来，光靠勤奋与努力是远远不够的。在座哪位没有勇气?谁不勤奋?谁不是晚上蹲在厕所还在想着商业?

阿里有今天是因为我们坚信未来，坚信趋势，坚信15年之后能够解决我们面临的这些问题。我那时候读胡雪岩的书印象很深刻，他有句话说得太对了。生意越来越难做，但越难做越是机会。别人不做的你就去做，你要看得更多。你看到一个县，就做一个县，你看到一个小城市你就做一个城市。你看到未来，你就做未来。阿里的红利，就是15年以前看到了今天的形势。我相信你们都是在15年之前甚至更早就看到一些东西所以才走到今天。

我们说前三十年难，后三十年难，前三十年难在摸索，后面三十年是因为技术变革，使得商业社会有了颠覆性的变化。这个就是互联网变革和技术创新带来的社会性的变化。

我们有今天，是因为我们迅速改变了自己，把握了这一天，但未来技术变革也是我们不得不面对的事实。

今天技术变革还在，它一直没有停止过。举个例子，以前出行是马车，后来有了电车。电车与出租车第一次出现的时候，那些马车夫都觉得很恼火，都想去砸掉。但后来也会习以为常，一个新的东西出现总会让大家不那么适应，可能会触动一些既有的利益。大家现在看到的不是一种业务，而是一种时代的变革。

我们一直在谈大数据，那么大数据是什么概念?我觉得大计算起来才算大数据，否则数据不连通就是一堆垃圾。

变革二：重塑组织机构帮助你的企业成为百年企业

我天天提醒自己，我们过去常说，四十岁替员工干，五十岁替别人干。我们要重建公司的组织架构和商业体系。做商人，有所为有所不为，企业，其实就是建组织，你整个制度体系的建设才是最重要的。

过去几年，我们花了最大的时间和精力不是在数据和钱上，而是在人才和组织上，没有人才储备和奖惩体系，所有的战略都是白说的。你一个人干到死，没有用，必须有组织来干。我可以很负责地告诉你，你要是说的和做的不一样，你的员工马上跳起来，组织分分钟解散。我们必须要求自己言行合一。

只有建立组织体系才能不断的把握自己，只有在把握趋势的时候，才能掌握组织。我们喜欢谈企业文化，但其实那些规章、守则都不是企业文化，文化就是DNA，就是你行为的标准，规章越多，文化越弱。文化是自己的行为。只有自己的行为才是企业的文化与标杆所在。

变革三：要知道自己要什么放弃什么

互联网能做的东西很多，但我们做我们该做的。我们不是挣更多钱，我们是围绕真正帮你的客户，帮那些相信你的企业去做一些事情。

阿里这家公司不是我的，是我有幸参与的。我们去看历史上中国的商人，有几个有好的结果?都没有什么好的结果，结局都很糟糕。要保持好的结果，就是知己知彼，知道自己有什么要什么放弃什么，知道客户需要什么?那么，这个公司交给谁。最后我想明白了，最后应该交给社会，交给社会了，大家去管理这个公司才可以。

回应质疑：我不是耍大牌

现在有人说，马云脑子有问题，并购这个并购那个，但是批评我们的之前也没有理解我们，他也不会明白你的未来。

我们始终坚持“让天下没有难做的生意”，我们坚持为中小企业搭建平台，我们坚持客户第一，员工第二，股东第三，这个原则不会变。

现在很多人找我找不到，觉得我耍大牌，我不是耍大牌，我是真没时间。从前小企业你做一些变革叫创新，大家都会鼓掌，大企

马云催泪励志演讲稿三

今天是我第一次和雅虎的朋友们面对面交流。我希望把我成功的经验和大家分享,尽管我认为你们其中的绝大多数勤劳聪明的人都无法从中获益,但我坚信,一定有个别懒的去判断我讲的是否正确就效仿的人,可以获益匪浅。

让我们开启今天的话题吧!

世界上很多非常聪明并且受过高等教育的人,无法成功。就是因为他们从小就受到了错误的教育,他们养成了勤劳的恶习。很多人都记得爱迪生说的那句话吧:天才就是99%的汗水加上1%的灵感。并且被这句话误导了一生。勤勤恳恳的奋斗,最终却碌碌无为。其实爱迪生是因为懒的想他成功的真正原因,所以就编了这句话来误导我们。

很多人可能认为我是在胡说八道,好,让我用100个例子来证实你们的错误吧!事实胜于雄辩。

世界上最富有的人,比尔盖茨,他是个程序员,懒的读书,他就退学了。他又懒的记那些复杂的dos命令,于是,他就编了个图形的界面程序,叫什么来着?我忘了,懒的记这些东西。于是,全世界的电脑都长着相同的脸,而他也成了世界首富。

世界上最值钱的品牌,可口可乐。他的老板更懒,尽管中国的茶文化历史悠久,巴西的咖啡香味浓郁,但他实在太懒了。弄点糖精加上凉水,装瓶就卖。于是全世界有人的地方,大家都在喝那种像血一样的液体。

世界上最好的足球运动员,罗纳耳朵,他在场上连动都懒的动,就在对方的门前站着。等球砸到他的时候,踢一脚。这就是全世界身价最高的运动员了。有的人说,他带球的速度惊人,那是废话,别人一场跑90分钟,他就跑15秒,当然要快些了。

世界上最厉害的餐饮企业,麦当劳。他的老板也是懒的出奇,懒的学习法国大餐的精美,懒的掌握中餐的复杂技巧。弄两片破面包夹块牛肉就卖,结果全世界都能看到那个M的标志。必胜客的老板,懒的把馅饼的馅装进去,直接撒在发面饼上边就卖,结果大家管那叫PIZZA,比10张馅饼还贵。

还有更聪明的懒人:

懒的爬楼,于是他们发明了电梯;

懒的走路,于是他们制造出汽车,火车,和飞机;

懒的一个一个的杀人,于是他们发明了原子弹;

懒的每次去计算,于是他们发明了数学公式;

懒的出去听音乐会,于是他们发明了唱片,磁带和CD;

这样的例子太多了,我都懒的再说了。

还有那句废话也要提一下,生命在于运动,你见过哪个运动员长寿了?世界上最长寿的人还不是那些连肉都懒的吃的和尚?

如果没有这些懒人,我们现在生活在什么样的环境里,我都懒的想!

人是这样,动物也如此。世界上最长寿的动物叫乌龟,他们一辈子几乎不怎么动,就趴在那里,结果能活一千年。他们懒的走,但和勤劳好动的兔子赛跑,谁赢了?牛最勤劳,结果人们给它吃草,却还要挤它的奶。熊猫傻了吧唧的,什么也不干,抱着根竹子能啃一天,人们亲昵的称它为“国宝”。

回到我们的工作中,看看你公司里每天最早来最晚走,一天像发条一样忙个不停的人,他是不是工资最低的?那个每天游手好闲,没事就发呆的家伙,是不是工资最高,据说还有不少公司的股票呢!

篇6：马语阅读答案

莫言

像一把粗大的鬃毛刷子在脸上拂过来拂过去，使我从睡梦中醒来。眼前晃动着一个巍然的大影子，宛如一堵厚重的黑墙。一股熟悉的气味令我怦然心动。我猛然惊醒，身后的现代生活背景悄然退去；阳光灿烂，照耀着三十多年前那堵枯黄的土墙。墙头上枯草瑟瑟，一只毛羽灿烂的公鸡站在上边引吭高歌；墙前有一个倾颓的麦草垛，一群母鸡在散草中刨食。还有一群牛在墙前的柱子上拴着，都垂着头反刍，看样子好像是在沉思默想。弯曲的木柱子上沾满了牛毛，土墙上涂满了牛屎。我坐在草垛前，【（画线处）伸手就可触摸到那些鸡，稍稍一探身就可以触摸到那些牛。】我没有摸鸡也没有摸牛，我仰脸望着它——亲密的朋友——那匹黑色的、心事重重的、屁股上烙着“Z99”字样的、盲目的、据说是从野战军里退役下来的、现在为生产队驾辕的、以力大无穷、任劳任怨闻名乡里的老骒马。

“马，原来是你啊！”我从草垛边上一跃而起，双臂抱住了它粗壮的脖子。我心潮起伏，泪珠在它光滑的皮上滚动。它耸耸削竹般的耳朵，用饱经沧桑的口气说：“别这样，年轻人，别这样，我不喜欢这样子，没有必要这样子。好好地坐着，听我跟你说话。”它晃了一下脖子，我的身体就轻如鸿毛般地脱离了地面，然后就跌坐在麦草垛边。【（画线处）伸手就可触摸那些鸡，稍稍一探身就可以触摸那些牛。】

我端详着这个三十多年没有见面的老朋友。它依然是当年的样子：硕大的头颅、伟岸的身躯、修长的四肢、瓦蓝的四蹄、蓬松的华尾、紧闭着的不知道什么原因盲了的双目。于是，若干的情景就恍然如在眼前了。

我曾经多次揪它的尾毛做琴弓，它默然肃立，犹如一堵墙。我多次坐在它宽阔平坦的背上看小人书，它一动也不动，好像一艘搁浅了的船。我多少次为它轰赶吸它鲜血的苍蝇和牛虻，它冰冷无情，连一点谢意都不表示，宛如一尊石头雕像。我多少次对邻村的小孩子炫耀着它，编造着它的光荣的历史，说它曾经驮着兵团司令冲锋陷阵，立过赫赫战功，它一声不吭，好像一块没有温度的铁。我多少次向村里的老人请教，想了解它的历史，尤其不知道它是怎么瞎的，无人告诉我，我多少次抚摸着它的脖子问，亲爱的马，你的眼睛是怎么瞎的，是炮弹皮子崩瞎的吗？是害红眼病弄瞎的`吗？是老鹰啄瞎的？——任我千遍万遍地问，你不回答。

“我现在回答你。”马说。马说话时柔软的嘴唇笨拙地翻动着，不时地显露出被谷草磨损了的雪白的大牙，它的声音十分沉闷，仿佛通过一条曲折漫长的管道传递过来的。这样的声音令我痴迷，令我陶醉，令我惊竦，令我如闻天籁，不敢不认真听讲。

马说：“日本有一个著名的关于眼睛的故事。琴女春琴被人毁容盲目后，她的徒弟也是她的情人佐助，便自己刺瞎了眼睛。还有一个古老的故事，俄狄浦斯得知自己杀父娶母之后，悔恨交加，自毁了双目。你们村子里的马文才，舍不下新婚的媳妇，为了逃避兵役，用石灰点瞎了双目。这说明，世界上有一类盲目者，为了逃避，为了占有，为了完美，为了惩罚，是心甘情愿自己把自己弄瞎了的。当然，你最想知道的，是我为什么瞎了眼睛……”马沉吟着，这个话题勾起了它的无限辛酸的往事。

马说：“几十年前，我的确是一匹军马，我屁股上的烙印就是证明。我的主人是一个英武的军官。他不仅相貌出众，而且还满腹韬略。我对他一往情深，如同恋人。有一天，他竟然让一个散发着刺鼻脂粉气息的女人骑在我的背上。我心中恼怒，精力分散，穿越树林时，撞在了树上，把那个女人掀了下来。军官用皮鞭抽打着我，骂我：‘你这匹瞎马！’……从此，我决定再也不睁开我的眼睛……”

“原来你是装瞎！”我从麦草垛前一跃而起。

“不，我瞎了……”马说着，调转身，向着那漫漫无尽的黑暗的道路，义无反顾地走去。

【问题】

11、小说多处描写了马的外貌，又多次提到“伸手就可触摸到那些鸡，稍稍一探身就可以触摸到那些牛”，这样写有什么用意？（4分）

答：

12、马在诉说自己“为什么瞎了眼睛”前，为什么要讲述琴女春琴等三个故事？（4分）

答：

13、马是装瞎的，可文章结尾它为什么说“不，我瞎了……”，是否前后矛盾？你如何理解这句话？（5分）

答：

14、（1）简要概括作品中“马”的形象特点及写作意图。（6分）

答：

（2）马因为主人的一句谩骂，就自己把自己弄“瞎”了，这样做值得吗？谈谈你的看法。（4分）

答：

篇7：马语阅读答案

11、（1）本文勾勒了马伟岸的外貌，又用牛和鸡来烘托（衬托，反衬），意在突出马出类拔萃的形象。（2分）（2）一匹杰出的战马在遭到不公正对待后自我毁弃的抗争，与平庸的牛、鸡安享平凡的生活形成对照，表达了对遭逢不幸、怀才不遇者的同情。（2分）

12、意在说明“世界上有一类盲目者，为了逃避，为了占有，为了完美，为了惩罚，是心甘情愿自己把自己弄瞎了的”，（2分）为其自叙经历预设伏笔，（1分）并隐含着“以马喻人”的写作意图。（1分）

13、不矛盾。（1分）有两层含意：①自己几十年没睁开眼睛，和真正的瞎子没什么区别。(2分)②自己为主人出生入死，而主人却为“散发着剌鼻脂粉气息的女人”骂自己“瞎马”，自己不识人，是真正的“瞎了”。（2分）

14、（1）形象：①力大无穷、任劳任怨（1分）②有尊严，一身傲骨，坚持自我。（1分）写作意图：文章以马喻人，通过写马投错主人愤然装瞎的故事，（2分）表达了作者对怀才不遇者的同情以及对其凛然傲骨的敬佩之情。（2分）（2）答“值得”的，要答出下面几个要点：①维持了自己的尊严；②没在战场上驰骋，却可以为生产服务，以力大无穷任劳任怨闻名乡里，活出自己的尊严，这同样也是自身价值的体现。“不值得”的，要答出下面几个要点：①它可以继续为军官服务，用出色的表现证明自己没“瞎”；②它可以跑到别的部队，继续驰骋疆场；③没必要自暴自弃，沦落为的“心事重重”的瞎马。（每个要点得2分，意思相似即可。）

篇8：马云励志演讲稿

马云励志演讲稿

什么是老板?老板的老就是老师，板就是规矩。没有这两样东西是走不远。我不讲宏观道理，一会儿少年派的人讲，我只实实在在的，在我眼里一个完全不懂技术的人的干货，做普通员工的提升。真正把管理做好，把文化做好，管理、文化背后必须有强大思想，没有真正很好的思想没有办法把企业做大。

马云称，“IT界、互联网界存在一个巨大问题，我们动不动都爬到屋顶上讲大产业、大行业发展、国家体制改革、国家政治改革，好像政治不改革，你干不了事。不了解行业情况，就干不了事。其实跟你一点关系都没有。世界金融危机，我有一次看到县领导讲话，世界经济发生了巨大危机、欧洲经济发生了巨大危机，所以我们县经济不好。这跟你有什么关系?”

以下是马云演讲实录：

年纪大的人容易记性不好，吴鹰又把我的年龄往上涨了，但是退休的事是真的。我想了9年，计划了6年，实施了3年。我跟自己讲我们到这个世界上不是来工作的，我们是来享受人生的，我们是来做人不是做事。如果一辈子都做事的话，忘了做人，将来一定会后悔。所以我觉得48岁以前我的工作是我的生活，48岁以后我希望我的生活是我的工作。

不管事业多成功、多伟大、多了不起，记住我们到这个世界就是享受经历这个人生的体验。忙着做事一定会后悔。我不希望自己70、80岁还在公司开早会，我的同事很生气，又不好意思说。昨天晚上到的比较晚，晚上跟大家聊的特别开心，回想当年往事，中国互联网发展，我们经历了很多有意思的事情，回顾自己犯过的错误，见过无数奇葩类的人，但是这是最美好的经历，人生就是这样。

我回去后又睡不着，我想14年给了我那么多有意思的经验，以后又有什么样的东西可以让我们这帮人再一起吹牛、聊天。如果今天不设计好的话，15年以后一定会很倒霉。我们这批人昨天晚上聊，我们这些人都是对梦想的追逐，都有很好的梦，对梦想的坚持和执着。但是中国的梦，我认为13亿人应该有13亿不同的梦，所谓中国梦不是把全中国统一一个梦，因为13亿人不同梦想才会有今天、明天。

我今天来不想谈IT未来的展望，一会儿留给马化腾、李彦宏年轻人谈，我比他们大几岁，男人大1岁就是1岁，千万不要跟年轻人比远见，不要跟年轻人比创新，我只讲一些作为我们这些年轻的人观察到、听到的一些事，今天讲讲如何把梦想变成现实，如果梦想变不成现实，就是空想、瞎想，最近讲的最多的就是空谈误国。

我不是学技术的，我对IT真不懂，我也不懂管理、不懂产品，但是我后来发现自己找到了一个地方是可以做的，就是在管理、在领导力、在怎么样把梦想变成现实上，我估计我比绝大部分IT人花的时间更多。

刚才周教授、常董事长讲了非常好的战略情况。大企业要有小作为、小企业要有大梦想。我们每个人都要去想想自己有了一些想法后，怎么把它变成现实，怎么把它变成一个真正的不是一个空想的事。大企业的小作为往往是很多事情是一个瞬间的小动作影响了你这个企业未来发展的决定，影响了整个企业甚至社会变革，我们从政治事件上，王*这么小一件事引起了整个社会巨大变革，企业也是一样。

我相信马化腾他们的微信也是一个小小的偶然的触发形成这样，支付宝坦诚跟大家讲我们就是一个小小的想法变成了一个巨大的变革。所以我想今天的IT界、互联网界存在一个巨大问题，我们动不动都爬到屋顶上讲大产业、大行业发展、国家体制改革、国家政治改革，好像政治不改革，你干不了事。不了解行业情况，就干不了事。其实跟你一点关系都没有。

世界金融危机，我有一次看到县领导讲话，世界经济发生了巨大危机、欧洲经济发生了巨大危机，所以我们县经济不好，说跟你有什么关系?阿里巴巴走到现在为止生存下来很重要一点就是我们关心自己，如果你不关心自己、不关心自己员工、家人、朋友，不要希望他会关心所有人。我不太希望一个大公无私，一个没私的人不太可能有公。

篇9：马云英文演讲稿

大家好，我是马云，阿里巴巴集团的创始人和董事会主席，

Hello, I'm Jack Ma, founder and chairmanofAlibaba Group.

15年前，在我的公寓里，18位创始人有了一个梦。这个梦想就是，在某一天我们能够创立一个为成千上万小企业主服务的公司。这个梦想，从始至终都没有改变过，让天下没有难做的生意。

15 years ago, 18 founders in myapartment had a dreamthat someday we can build up a company, that can servermillions of smallbusiness. Today, this remains our mission to make easy to dobusiness anywhere.

在阿里巴巴，我们为一些小的生意人奋斗，和他们的客户在不懈努力。其实，我们的目标非常简单：能够帮助商家和客户找到彼此，并按照他们独特的需求方式来开展服务。我们帮助这些小生意人成长，创造出前所未有的工作机会，开拓出崭新的市场。

At Alibaba, we fight for the little guy,thesmall businessmen and women and their customers. Our role is simple.Throughour ecosystem, we help merchants and customers find each other andconductbusiness on their terms and in ways that best serve their unique needs.We helpmerchants to grow, create jobs and open new markets, in ways that werenever beforepossible.

15年过去了。我们在中国已经成了一个家喻户晓的名字。现在，我们也已经准备好让全世界来认识我们。

Today, 15 years passed. We’ve grownsosignificantly and have become a household name in China. And soon, we arereadyfor the world to know us.

稍后，您将听到我们公司商业上经营的细节。不过，首先让我带您开启一段走遍中国的.旅程，让我们透过一些真实的人们以及他们的真事，看看阿里巴巴对他们产生了什么影响。

You will hear details from our businesslater.But first let me take you on a journey around China, to see some of therealpeople, real stories that Alibaba has impact on them.

我深感荣幸，能和你们分享这些故事，能为您展示阿里巴巴的精神与核心，

I am proud to share with you thesestories thatshow the heart and sprit of Alibaba.

让我感到更加自豪的是，我们能够点燃创新、创造机会、造福客户、并且能给创业者圆梦。

I’m proud that we ignite innovation,create jobsbenefit customers and help entrepreneurs fulfill their dreams.

通过阿里巴巴这个平台，人们能够改善他们现有的生活，并且能够憧憬一个更好的未来。从我们最初很单纯的一个小期望开始，如今15年过去了。阿里巴巴已经改变了中国电子商务的模式。我们的业务不断发展壮大，但是我们从未丢失对于客户第一的理念。我们始终专注于帮助客户解决问题，基于这点，也成就了我们最好的业务结果。

With Alibaba’s platforms, people areimprovingtheir lives today, and have hope for a better tomorrow. From ourhumblebeginnings and throughout the past 15years. Alibaba has changed commerceinChina. Our business has grown, but we never lost sight of ourcustomers,focusing on solving their problems, leads to the best outcome for ourbusiness.

阿里巴巴已经走过了一段不短的旅程，要让阿里巴巴成为一家持续发展102的企业，还有87年的时间需要我们努力。我们深知，今天很不易，明天更加困难，但是未来是无限美好的。因此，我们必须更加努力，才能够在未来的漫漫征程中赢得胜利。

Alibaba has come a long way, but we wantto be acompany that can last 102 years. We still have 87 years to go, and webelieveone thing. “Today is difficult, tomorrow is more difficult, but the dayaftertomorrow is beautiful ”. So web have to work very hard in order to survivethelong journey.

今天很不易，明天更加困难，但是未来是无限美好的。

Today is difficult, tomorrow is moredifficult, butthe day after tomorrow is beautiful.

篇10：马云迎新年演讲稿

12月30日，阿里巴巴集团董事局主席马云在上海市浙江商会年会上发表演讲时称，“20最后一天，我们都没倒下，这是非常值得庆贺的，而也将并不好过!”

20我们坚持再活过去!

演讲时间：年12月30日

――马云在上海市浙江商会年会上的励志演讲稿

大家下午好!坐在那儿本来我不想发言，广昌说你来了，一定得跟大家分享、交流一下。因为我坐在下面，应该讲受益匪浅，听了经济学家的讲座，听了各位的交流。因为从经济学家开始，我还得说几句经济学家的问题。

其实这一年大家活得都不容易。但不管怎么说，我们都活下来了，年底这么忙，大家可以在这儿花一个下午，说明我们都过来了。商场如战场，战场上活着的人，是成功的，企业也一样。战场上，商场上年底还能站在那儿听讲座，还能交流，还能发奖金、工资，那就是不错。做企业的第一要素，就是不死，跟战士一样，上战场的第一要素，有时候不是为了赢，而是活着。

2015年最后一天，我们都没倒下，这是非常值得庆贺的!

我们每年都把未来的一年想得非常艰难。尽管我知道，第二年肯定有很多人做得比我们好，未必我们公司能做得更好，我们公司可能会有很多不可预期的困难出现，看清楚未来的灾难，仍旧为之，这才是真正的乐观。所以我觉得我们做企业，脚踏实地，其实来的3到5年经济情况并不容乐观，但是未来5到15年左右，中国的经济还是很有机会的。

在经济好的时候赚钱的企业家，不能称之为真正的企业家。股市是牛市的时候，街上买菜的老太太都能赚钱，你不能把自己称之为投资者，只能称之为炒股者。经济不好，你才是优秀的企业。好企业，基本上经历过几个悲惨的经历，或者是自己的原因，或者是经济的原因造成的，所以我觉得，在危机关头，能熬过去的企业才有“抗体”。

最近也听了很多经济学家讲，在短期以内中国经济有下滑压力。我个人认为，中国经济下滑压力，是长期的，是持久的，是永远性的。我们不可能回到9%、12%。我们要学习适应5、6%，甚至在未来，我们能保持2%-4%，已经很了不起了。因为我们已经是世界上第二大经济体。你继续保持15%的增长，这是要出问题的，到1.78，不太会长了，要的是脑袋，国家体制、机制，这也是一个科学，所以不是短期有压力，而是长期我们学会有2%到4%，其实2%、4%，已经非常了不起了。即使2%、4%，有企业依旧能达到200%、300%的成长，有的企业再好的经济形势，也做不好。其实经济形势好坏，与你自己做得好坏没有多大关系。所以，不要因为说你的企业做得不好，你就“归功于”经济不好，经济不好也有好企业，经济好的时候，不好的企业有的是。

总体来讲，过去的一年中国还是有很多有意思的事情，二胎开放了，人民币进了篮子，2015年其实很不简单，很多事情我这辈子可能看不见，都发生了。但是我们企业家就是要把握那些可能超越我们期望和预判的东西，我自己有时候想，人家现在把阿里巴巴看得挺神，其实阿里巴巴就是一个很普通的公司。16年以前，我们说出要成为世界十大网站之一，那个时候我们公司排名可能200万名以外，说这句话很狂妄，但是稀里糊涂地居然做到了这个目标。这不是因为我们多厉害，而是我们处在一个很有意思的独特的时代。这不是虚话，我们确实感谢这个国家，感谢整个改革开放，我们确实感谢互联网，感谢所有年轻人。没有这些，阿里巴巴所有的梦想，真是一个空想。

今天全世界变化最大的国家，可能就是中国。正在经历着巨大的变革，转型也好、升级也好、创新也好，各种各样的变革，都非常之大。特别是作为第二大经济体，中国现在在座所有的企业家我们拥有的机会，可能是人类社会在一个时代极其罕见的。我们是第二大经济体，但是企业的质量、数量、规模、品质，跟第一大经济体美国比，欧盟比，欧洲比，跟日本比，还相当非常之大。今天，我们能够参加“世界杯足球赛”的中国国家企业队，其实就像中国足球队一样，我们能进去，也是检漏进去，我们实力远远不足。但是作为第二大经济体，未来一定会诞生很多世界级的企业。

中国过去30年的改革开放，请问中国有多少企业活过了30年?而要想成为一个持久的经济体，大概需要50年，很多企业只有跨国50年的历程，这50年历程内至少有5到10次灾难，是经历了国家、国际形势和企业内部的灾难，才能称之为一个坚强的企业。任何一次打击，对我们来讲都是一次机遇。

大家今天讲得最多的就是创新，中国这个时代也是千年不遇。几千年来有哪个国家、哪个时代真正消灭贫困?但是我们这代人正在努力实现。互联网是一场前所未有的技术革命，我们是否能把握、掌握?

作为一个优秀的企业，我们要理解这个时代，要读懂这个国家，我们企业家只有真正了解自己有什么、要什么、放弃什么，你企业才会走得久。刚才周会长一番话，我听下来觉得周会长在反思自己有什么、要什么以及学会放弃什么。我们的知识越多，知道自己要什么，但是缺乏智慧，因为智慧告诉你什么我们是不要的。

这也是一个真正的商业变革的时代，商业变革，每个人对机会的判断是不一样的，有的人把这个机会看作机会，灾难，有人把灾难看成机会，有人把好好的机会做成了灾难，而很多人又把灾难做成机会。其实机会在没有形成机会的时候，才是真正的机会，形成机会以后，往往是灾难的开始。所以今天的雾霾，已经形成了雾霾，抱怨有什么用呢?这时候是我们做企业巨大的机会，如果你改变了这个雾霾的现状，改变了中国的环境，你有可能是未来30年最了不起的企业。创新，企业家的职责是创新，创新的主角是企业家，企业家是社会发展过程中的科学家，企业家是稀缺资源，我们可以培养职业经理人，但是不可能培养企业家。所以这一点希望大家记住，我们企业家就是野生动物，我们就是原生态。我们对很多问题的反思和思考，是跟别人不一样的，所以我们对创新的理解，也是不一样的，创新不是讲故事。如果你觉得靠概念可以成功，那么你最后得到的，还是一个概念，如果你觉得讲故事能成功，最后你剩下的，只是一个故事而已。

大家要记住，创新是逼出来的，没有人是在顺利的情况下可以做好创新。创新是要付出巨大代价的，刚才王新奎教授讲的我非常同意，企业家是个状态，创新是有个时间的。马云的创新，可能就三年五年，但是创新付出巨大的代价、压力，是超过想象的。创新时间有限，如果你在乎许多外界的东西，就会失去人生中最宝贵的那一刻。65岁，你只能在自己家里做一些儿孙满堂的创新了。

创新也是有巨大风险的。传统银行机构在风险处理上比我们互联网创新要做得好。其实我们看问题的角度不一样，传统金融可能做的风险是把防弹衣做得越来越厚，越来越好，而我们的创新是让杀手根本不可能靠拢你。我们想的是完全不同的风格，你是把防弹衣做得更强还是让杀手没有可能出现在这个场地上?思考的深度广度，都是我们值得创新、反思的地方。

我们企业家一定要想明白另外一些问题，就是到底什么是成功?我个人也讲点哲学的，成，我们有时候讲，成在自己，功在后代。如果没有把功传给别人、社会、传承下去，让你的员工、客户、家人、所有认识的年轻人能得到那个功，你并不是很成功。

中国最怕的就是“首FU”，有好几种富，一种是富有的富，中国当首富是个灾难，应该是负责任的负。还有就是负债最多的负，我们也不少，但是我希望是首福，福气最好的人，有安稳的结局，千百年来做企业做得大的多少人有好的结局?我们不能解决我们的生存，出身在哪里，但是可以决定我们怎么死，企业更是如此。我们要为自己的企业、自己的员工、自己的后代找到一个很安稳、平稳的福气，只有你的家人、企业、员工、客户都得到好的、圆满的结局，这才是我们要的首福，福气的福，可能来得更好。

做企业，我们现在不知道什么时候开始，中国的企业开始学会了埋怨。其实真正的企业家，是不埋怨的，做成功的人，永远在检查自己的问题。台上的嘉宾都是在讲，我反思我过去的一年，但是不成功的人总是在怪别人，实体怪虚拟，都是别人没有做好，事实上是不是这样?其实实体经济也好，虚拟经济也好，今天都是个婴幼儿，两个孩子打架，都说对方不好。其实任何一个企业，我们永远面临着未来的挑战，我们永远面临着被别人淘汰，或者被自己淘汰。刚才讲过剩产业，中国有过剩能力吗?没有，是落后经济的能力过剩。中国制造业下滑了吗?制造业下滑，制造业从来没有下滑，世界上有苹果、特斯拉，是那些创新的，中国零售行业做得不好吗?零售行业做得很好，是你的零售行业做得不好。20年以前，你怎么把那些小商小贩、国有体制的那些落后、不能引领把握掌握未来的消费需求的商场给灭掉?你活了20年，这20年，你专注在房地产，没有专注在客户体验上，今天互联网把你给淘汰了，也是天经地义，因为互联网企业也一样，没有几家企业真正能活好三到五年，如果真正看一下，互联网企业的死亡率比传统企业好不到哪去，甚至更为残酷。

我们今天看到这些问题，也是我们的机会。中国经济不管怎么调整，不管浙商企业会面临多大的挑战，，有一点是肯定的：如果我们浙商群体过不了，中国没有一个商帮过得了，如果我们跨不过，谁能跨得过?中国几个商帮每年会有一天聚在一起，学习讨论半天时间?有多少商会能这么组织起来，这么研究和学习，反思自己、学习别人?我们做不好，谁能做得好?所以我们对自己，还是要有信心。

都说我们浙商的鼻子很灵，哪儿有商机，哪儿就有浙商。世界上任何一个角落，有可口可乐的地方，就一定有浙商，没有浙商的地方，好像没有可口可乐。所以浙商今后不仅要擅长于发现需求，我们还要创造需求，不仅要善于追赶需求，我们要引领需求，我们不仅仅要找到外在的需求，更要发掘内在的需求。所以，我觉得我们浙商未来最大的机会，在于整个国家就是品质的提升，消费品质的提升。我认为马云很难复制，因为我自己也复制不了，也不知道怎么走到今天了，没想过，从没想过自己会做企业，走到今天，是纯粹的巧合、偶然。但是很多以为自己能复制，麻烦就大了。你只能超越，不能复制。而且规模、速度并不决定你多成功，决定你成功的，不是你多大多快，而你多好、多有舒适感。中国经济一样，7%、9%，不重要，中国经济什么样的比例最舒适，这是最重要的。只有舒适度，才是最好的。有舒适度，你不会有这种压力，会调整自己。企业也一样，不要看到别人有30%的增长的一天，别人也有负30%增长的一天，只有把自己做好。

工匠精神，经济速度放缓，有什么不好?我最想不明白，其实水平好坏，在于慢速度，而不在于快速度。在快的过程中，一定会出错。如果你想快，又想慢，因为我们这个年龄的人要懂得放慢脚步，要懂得建立机制，要懂得用最好的人，最好的管理方式，最好的技术来提升创造最好的产品，而让年轻人去提升速度，不要跟年轻人比速度，也不要跟年轻人比技术和产品的创新。

最后，我也想提醒大家，年并不好过。过好了，你就当马云说错了，过得不好，你要相信，其实大家过得都不好，挑战只会越来越大。互联网对大家的冲击，是远远超过你们在座所想象的。组织的变革、人才的变革、文化的变革、技术的变革，刚刚开始。

所以预祝大家2016年不是活得好，而是2016年我们坚持再活过去!因为阳光总是在那儿，希望能够照到我们身上。

谢谢大家!

篇11：马云英文演讲稿

Thank you very much, director sir, Ladies and Gentlemen.

Before my speech, I would like to show you a video which happened in Hangzhou about our Hangzhou SME summit, can I?

Thank you!

After 3 days, you know, in house meeting Internal and fly all the way here, and I did not feel quite well today.

But when I see the entrepreneurs, when I came to the SMEs, I always feel excited.

Because when I join the SME Conference, I see, from the eyes, the dreams, the passion, the hope.

When I join the Fortune 500 Conference, among the CEOs, I see the numbers, I see the revenues, I see the KPIs, I see the bloody competition.

But among the SMEs, you see “I have a dream, I want to do something.

” And that happens all the time and that makes me excited all the time.

And today I think last year every people say:“Woo, the economic is in trouble, and we are all dead, what we are going to do?” Today everybody seems to be happy, say the economy come back .

Is it really that the economy comes back? I don't think so .

The money is going to big companies, the money goes to infrastructure; the money goes back to the stock market.

It seems nobody learns from that.

How can the economy come back if the SMEs do not come back? How can the economic come back if the dreams are not back, the hopes not come back?

I think SMEs, we, every economy, every nation, needs instant package to have more small medium size companies, to have more hopes, because every big company comes from the small business.

If without hope, without this kind of instants to have more babies, we are going to die.

Why I always feel excited? I have 8 babies.

In the far past 15 years, I built up 8 companies, seven of them, very healthy; one of them, I sold it.

And I keep the babies, when I look at my babies--Alibaba , Taobao, Alipay and you know ,the company we just have AliCloud, we just have a new baby 2 month ago .

I always feel excited because you see the hope, you know this baby is going to change me, this baby is going to change the world can change the customers.

And that’s the thing I always feel excited.

If you want to be happy, have more babies.

If you are the government, want your economy to be good, have more SMES.

These are the dreams, these are the hope, these are the future.

So this is all we want to say, but enough, we’ve been crying, say: “please give us support.” But all the SMES ask yourself one question.

We are not crying babies.

We believe we are tomorrow’s Google, we believe we are tomorrow’s eBay; we believe we are tomorrow’s UPS.

If we believe we are, we can be; if you don’t believe, you never be.

We heard a lot of government say:” (we give you) let me know what we can do.

let me know what we can help SMES.” we heard a lot of banks say:” well, we’ve been, you know, give loans to a lot of SMES.”I heard some bank said, well, one of the bank president said: “we gave like, you know, 200 millions US$ to the SMES.”I ask:” what’s the size the loan you give?”20 millions dollars.

How can you say the 20 millions? As the research I got, from Alibaba Group (Alibaba statistic), 87% of the SMES, what they need, the fund is below 60 thousand US$.

But they gave the loan 20 millions to some big companies, they are not SMES, they are not the hopes.

But, I think all the SMES say (that) nobody can help you.

My 8 companies, I always say, nobody help us, only we can help ourselves.

Don’t rely on the government, don’t rely on the bank, forget about that.

Rely on your friends, rely on relatives, rely on your small dreams and always keep that thing in head.

Because I’ve been trying very hard to get loans from banks, always trouble.

Within the past the years, I even did not borrow one cent from banks, my kids grew up, I don’t know why.

And the banks always say because we don’t have enough information from the SMEs.

Tell me, any fortune 500, any big bank, CEOs or presidents go to the SMEs summit? No! They go to the CEOs summit.

How could you get information if you do not go there to listen to them, talk to them, share experiences with them? To see what they need is only 50 thousand US$, instead of 20 million dollars.

How can you get enough information? So, I think, well, we discussed yesterday say, banks are banks.

They always have to control the risk.

Right! So government banks, let’s think about something new.

New financial structure that can really help those millions of hopeful small companies that need only 50 thousand US $.

What is the right structure, what is the right organization to support them? That’s the thing we should think about.

So the other thing I want to share with you here is always I believe that small is beautiful.

And this financial crisis, it gave a lot of disaster; it’s a disaster to big companies.

This world, in 21th century, I think in last century, it’s bigger is better.

You have big (you know) factory, big amount, everything is big is good.

This century, in the 21st century, I always believe small is beautiful.

Because it’s not how fast your machine is.

It’s not how many equipment you have, it is how quickly you can change yourself to meet the market.

Because the information time, Internet and technology make a difference.

So the world IT last century is designed for the manufacturers.

This century IT is designed for making a help to the consumers.

So I think this is a disaster for the big company, century disasters for big companies.

But it is a great opportunity for small businesses.

For this financial crisis, we see a lot of big companies, we would never thought they would die, AIG, to me it’s like the empire, how could this happen.

Right all the G, the big car company which we respect, we always want to be there.

But today, they all died.

And let’s look at all the SMES, we still feel painful, but we are happy in our heart because we are still surviving.

And we heard so many stories about big companies giving trouble.

And I see the society; the government pays too much attention to these big trouble makers.

They are the trouble makers and we gave them enough support, let them die; It’s the time for them to die because they make troubles.

Every big company, they have different disaster, different problems, but all the SMES, have the same problems.

They need understanding and support.

This world is not fair, I know, so that’s why I want to encourage everyone all the SMES here, I’m the SME, I have 8 kids, I am still SME, I still believe I’m small.

Because when I am small, I know l can be big and I hate to be big, unfortunately.

When I was a small company, only have 20 people, I felt so excited.

Well, I can call every employee’s names and I know every time, everything I want to change, I can change within half a minute.

Now, oh, terrible.

When I was 20 years old, my friends said:” you company is not big enough.

If you are big, you are like a big boss.

You are easy, right, you can control your time.” No, my time is not controlled by myself; my time is controlled by all the meetings, sectary, KPI, shareholders, all the things.

It’s much tougher than when you are small.

So I always believe the first day love is every beautiful.

Believe the first day love, when you are small, at least you can have time to go out go to cinema with your wife and kids and enjoy wonderful view.

But when you are big, you always go to the board meetings.

And also I want to say that, I give you some, today I come here, people say Jack, you do not prepare, why don’t you have PPT.

I never prepare PPT, you know, I’m not good at technology.

I was trained to be a high school teacher and the only thing I can know about computer, funny thing, I’m running one of the biggest e-commerce companies in China, maybe in the world, but I know nothing about computer, the only thing I can know about computer is to send and receive email and browse.

That’s it.

Because I always think technology is for the people, people are not working for the technology.

But today I come here, as an entrepreneur.

I am prepared every day.

I’m not prepared for the PPT, because every time when I use the PPT, something wrong, I cannot use it.

So I come here to tell my old experiences, I want to share with you as 8 kids’ father what I did when I have trouble.

When I have trouble, I always remind me 3 things: focus on your customer, serve your employees, and learn from your competitors.

These are the key issues that I learned.

Focus on your customer, everybody toady talking about shareholder NO.1, I hate that.

I think it’s always customer NO.1.It’s the customer give you the money.

It’s the customer give you the innovations.

It’s the customer that makes you happy.

Year and year , when Internet bubble burst, we cannot get any money, we did not have revenue, we have nothing, but everyday what encouraged me go on was letters of thanks and emails from my customers, said Jack, Alibaba, keep on.

Because you helped us, someday we will help you.

That’s the dream I had.

So today, we believe shareholder NO.1 .you only think about making numbers.

You only think about revenues, you only think about how can make you stock market go up.

And I let you know, no shareholders can be trusted.

I tell you the truth.

Well, our share stock price, 2 years ago, we listed, 13.50 Hong Kong dollars.

Before that list, a lot of shareholders came to say Jack: “we are long-term shareholders, please give us more shares, we will keep it.” When the financial crisis time came, the day when IPO, 13.

50 Hong Kong dollars, we went up 40 dollars without doing anything good in 24 hours.

And then financial crisis came, 40 dollars to 3 dollars without doing anything bad, they all gone.

Most the shareholders, they are share traders.

How can you trust on them? So rely on your customers because the customers stay with you, customer grow up with you, customer give you the money, give you the hope, give you the support.

So focus on customer.

And secondly, rely and serve your employees, it’s you employee, your team that make the difference.

It’s the employees that make all the dreams realize.

If we say we have so many problems in our big companies have a problem in getting the innovation, how to make thing happen, well, because they do not listen to the employees, they focus too much on the shareholders.

And the shareholders, they give you this idea, that idea, when you really do their idea, they are gone.

They change all the time, but the employees stay with you.

I remember the tough days, was so difficult year and .

There was only one group of people that stay with me, that’s my colleagues.

And people say Jack:” you don’t have to pay me for 2 years, I will stay with the company because you respect us, because the customers love us.

“I tell you one funny thing, the only way you believe your employees are talents, they are talented people.

If you don’t believe them, they will never be.

My mistake I made when I was, in the year 2000, we raised 500 thousand US$ and that 5 million dollars.

When we have money, we started to make mistakes.

I tried to hair as many talents as possible.

Those talents are MBAs; those talents are vice presidents of multinational companies, because I believe if you have MBA, you must be good, right.

But when I hired these guys, oh, my god, it’s terrible.

These guys came to tell you strategy.

I only had 5 million dollars, I remember one of the vice president marketing said: “Jack this is the budget for next year marketing.” I said: “what that, 12 million dollars is.I only have 5 million.” He said:” I never done any plan below 10 million.” When something wrong, is always your fault, because you never know.

So try to find the right people, not the best people or your employees.

So if you try to hire great people in your own company which your company is not good enough at that time, just like put a Boone 747’s engine into a poor tractor, when that goes, your tractor never fly, into pieces.

So my suggestion is that look at your employees, develop them, only when they are developed, your company will be developed.

The day when we IPO, we created more than a thousand millionaires at least in the company.

All the guys in the sitting room, we had a chat.

Said:” ask me.

Now tell me one thing, why you are so successful.

Why we are so successful when we are 20s, become millionaires.

What happened, are we very hard working people.

I think there are much more hard working people outside.

Do you think we are smart enough? Oh At least, I’m not smart, I took 3 years 3 times to go to the university.

I failed all the times.

I don’t think I’m smart, I don’t think you are smart.

“And that time in the year 2000, it’s so difficult for Alibaba to hire people.

If they are not very that much disabled, we hired them, if they can walk, we hired them.

Because nobody believed the Internet, nobody believed e-commerce would work in China, nobody believed that.

You know, Internet can happen.

But these guys, because they have no jobs, so let’s come here.

They joined the company.

Those MBAs, Those people with great backgrounds, a lot of hunting company, they moved out, they started their own business, now, today they all failed.

Those guys, nobody hunting them, those guys, never thought of having the dream to build their own company and stayed with the company.

After 5 years, we all succeed.

Why? We keep our dreams, we believed it, no matter how big your dream is, make small tiny steps .

I had and grow with them, grow up with the company.

And those which I think, how could you be successful.

These guys all become VPs and directors.

They are all powerful.

Because they believe they can.

So I want to tell everybody here, we all small but care your employees.

These are the people, they have the families, they have dreams, they come here not only for the job, they come here with the dream to get shared with you.

And the third thing is learn from your competitors.

Don’t hate the competitors.

Big companies hate competitors, I love my competitors.

Without competitors, we will never grow up that much fast.

Year , when we started Taobao, it’s a C2C option model.

EBay, my competitor, at that time is with 80 billion dollars market capital.

We, small tiny, but we started compete.

It’s a lot of fun to compete with big guys.,you know if I started have a box with Taisen, I’m horned, you know.

If you have a chance to compete with somebody, it is a great competitor, you learned.

We learned from our competitors, we respect them.

Everything they move, you grow.

And the other thing I want to share with you is that competitors are the best laboratory for you.

Because competitors studied you.

Any innovative idea they come, you learn that.

Don’t copy them, learn from them.

So I love my competitors, every time when I look at them with admire.

But in China, people say, Jack, you are so crazy.

Because 4 years ago, I said, when I look though the microscope, I never see my competitors.

People say, “How could you be that Kuang wang.”And I said: “I’m looking for examples, models, why should I look for competitors.Competitors are everywhere.” And when you compete, having you found the most interesting part of the business is competition.

To make your competitors angry, to make your competitors jumping around, that’s the skill you should have.

Not make yourself jumping around and angry, right? Business is such a great fun.

When you compete, when I compete, if I got angry, if I jumping around, I know something wrong.

Because this is a wrong strategy to compete.

When you compete, not the purpose to make your competitors unhappy.

If they are unhappy, if they jumping around, if they try to use money to care of things, you start to win.

Because they start to lose money.

When competitors start to use money to compete, they start to lose.

Business is about wisdom, business is about hope, business is about courage.

So these are old excuse, and nobody comfort us I learned to use my right hand to comfort my left hand when I’m in trouble.

You always tell yourself, OK, I’m still surviving, I’m still growing, and everything is good.

At least I’m still surviving.

Right so when you are big, you start to worry about losing something.

When you are small, you start to grow.

So I always believe small keeps the hope.

So these are the thing I want to share with you and the last most important thing I want to say is never ever give up your dreams.

I almost ,I think, you cannot eat food for 7 days that you will die, five to seven days; if you do not drink for 3 days, you will die; if you do not breath for 3 minutes, you die; but if you lose hope and dream for 1 minute, you die.

So I want to tell you that I had problems in the past 10 years.

These days when I walk in China, when I look at the airport, a lot of books about me, about the Alibaba, I feel very nervous.

Because these are not the books interviewed me, these are the books all right, we are not that good, we are not that bad.

But today, something, you know, successful, they started to write good things about it.

We made so many mistakes.

The only book that I dream to write about is Alibaba’s 1001 mistakes.

Every mistake I think you count it, I made it.

And I know you will make it, too.

Because when I was doing business, everybody said:” Woo, this is a mistake.This guy is going to make it, that guy is going to make it.I’m never going to make it.” I tell you, you will never make it.

And you will make it again, again, and again.

When you are making it again and again, don’t lose confidence.

Make it again, you will win.

That’s all we did.

I mean, nobody is perfect, right?

So I almost lose my confidence in the year 2002.

I had a big trouble with my team in the USA.

I learned from a great consult guy to join the company, Jack:”Alibaba is doing international trade, international trade needs English.

Which country has the best English you believe?” I think, USA, Right.” Now, internet needs great technology, which country has the best technology? ”We said, hen USA.

Where? The Silicon Valley.

So we moved our Alibaba.

com to the Silicon Valley.

And when I arrived at Silicon Valley, we suddenly realized something wrong.

We hired people from Miami, from New York, from all over the world.

They all came to the Silicon Valley.

After 3 months, the problem was that nobody in the Silicon Valley knew the trade.

So what’s the point having good technology and English.

We are not English site.

All the small medium size companies, I across aboard, they know what exactly what you are talking about no matter how terrible your English is.

Right? So I stopped the mistake and I told the people, say: “sorry, it’s a mistake.Let’s move back.” So after 2 months, we moved back to China again.

The funny thing is that everybody was happy at that time because Internet is boosting.

They got a lot of compensation shares, they got a lot of cash pay and finding another job is easy.

And nobody wants to the shares.

We give them one cent per share, no, no, no, we want cash.

Now you know, they don’t believe your dreams.

If they believe the dreams, give them the shares one cent.

If they don’t believe, I want the cash, let them go.

And I was so disappointed, a lot of people we hired, they do not want.

They want cash.

No matter how wonderful, at that time, it is easy to raise money, people still want cash.

So I say, OK, let forget it.

And I walked for half an hour on Beijing Street, my colleague was with me, and then I told myself, go to bed, sleep, tomorrow, again.

Though ,We started.

Today, things changed.

So I want to tell you never ever give up your dreams.

Most people die tomorrow evening.

You will never be able to see the day after tomorrow’s sunshine if you give up the hope, you will not see it.

If you give up your employees, you will never see it, if you give up your customers, you will be dead.

But if you give up shareholders, you will get a better one.

Thank you!

篇12：马云英文演讲稿

Predestination

many things in this world find neither an answer nor a proper explanation.

for example, why should two become a couple among the billions of people on earth? why don't they love each other even though they live together everyday, and yet one of them falls in love with someone else at the first sight?

why do the members of a family quarrel daily but still stay unhappily together? why can't they get married in spite of the fact that they are a perfect match to each other? why should one toil so much for the other? why should the love-infatuated always be deserted by the heartless?.

people remain puzzled in spite of their great effort to understand the endlequestions, so they invented the all-embracing word---“predestination”.

in order to be more precise, different combinations were derived from it: love predestination, sinful predestination, evil predestination, and kind predestination etc., hence we have the sayings like: “predestination will definitely bring you together despite the great distance while without predestination, you'll never know each other even though you are standing fact to face”

“a distant couple is tied up with the thread of predestination” and even the phrases and expressions like “the god of marriage”, “predestination without luck”, “luck without predestination”, “coming acroeach other is a kind of predestination”, “enemies are bound to meet on a narrow road”, “they shall not marry each other unlethey are predestined lovers”.

if people still can not find answers, they turn to “reincarnation” for help.

lin daiyu is always in tears just for repaying for the water jia baoyu had given her when she was a plant in her previous life in a dream of the red mansions .

in fact, the so-called “predestination” is often a kind of coincidence or chance encounter, even a kind of accident.

if you don't meet this person, you'll surely meet some one else.

but people insist on adding some colors of emotions or superstition, thus generating various religious factions, the main theories of which are no more than that of “reincarnation”, “heaven and hell” and “the ever-lasting soul” etc.

how absurd it is to work like the horse or cattle in the present life in order to be above others in the next life.

篇13：马云的经典演讲稿

有关马云的经典演讲稿

介绍我的时候感觉我像个政府官员，其实我还是一个创业者。其实去年这个时候还有周其仁教授，很多的学者、专家、教授已经感觉到，只不过是我胆子比较大，把话说出来，而且说得难听一点。

我走了一大圈，分析一下我自己对于目前经济形势的看法，也许我自己的思考未必对，但我也不需要得到大家的认同，只是希望大家回去思考一些想法。我最近在全世界各地听了太多的灾难要来了，每个人都很沮丧和失望。我觉得在7、8月份可以称为是灾难和危机，今天已经是发生了质的变化，今天不能称为灾难，如果今天称为灾难那是灾难控制，你没有办法。而今天应该是重建体系，所以性质发生了剧烈的变化。

第二，如果你以前没有担心过，今天开始担心，我已经觉得太晚了。你已经担心了2、3个月，你就别担心了。我觉得今天应该是采取行动，思考我们该做些什么事情的时候。我们也没有必要去思考，这个灾难2年以后会过去还是3年以后会回来。今天中午我在外面吃饭，餐厅的老板问我，你估计明年会回来吗？我说明年下半年就可以，他说明年下半年就可以？我说明年下半年你适应了。优秀的企业家必须学会比别人提前适应这个环境，这个灾难一定在2、3年打击每一个人，谁先适应谁就有机会。做企业至少是5年和的考虑，2、3年的灾难不算什么灾难，假如你没有思考过5年和10年，我觉得2、3年内的打击，那是没什么意义的。

另外一个，假如说我认为再有灾难的话，即将到来的灾难，是信心危机、信任危机。在旧的商业体系破坏，而新的商业体系没有建成之间的空隙之中，我相信很多的问题会爆发出来。在救难的过程中、救危机的过程中，所有的人会团结在一起，在明年、后年的发展过程中，各个政府和企业家会想各种的办法，但是矛盾又来了，问题又来了，所以做企业永远不要失去信心。

所有的人都说危机，但是我觉得是机会，危机危机是危险中的机会。我的感受从香港日本跑下来以后，我觉得第一，这次所谓的危机是人类社会进入商业社会全球化的阵痛，人类社会要进入商业社会走全球化，你必须面临这样的挑战。以前的全球化我认为是美国化，美国把自己的价值观、金融观，把自己的一切通过所有的手段传给了全世界，而由于信息时代，互联网让人们理解到，这样的价值观、这样的机制、这样的`体系已经不能存在。

美国的经济学家说，美国的文化是不太好，我们太会消费，你们中国也要承担很大的责任，你们不会消费。我说你们太胡说八道，比如说世界生产了10瓶酒，你们喝掉了8瓶，你自己喝醉了，把别人的也喝掉了，你会说是因为别人不会喝酒所以你醉了。或者说因为你会喝酒，所以你醉了。如果说这个用钱来解决，我认为这不是一个办法，这是全球化的阵痛，而且我们必须面对这样的阵痛。第三个，我认为这是原来劳动密集型向知识经济过渡的机会。假如没有这样

的向知识经济转型，就没有我马云站在这里。我相信未来，由于知识经济过渡的机会，会有更多的企业家站在这里跟大家沟通。

还有，人类的商业文明不会停止，10年以后会有更多的富翁和更多的成功企业，还会站在这里跟大家沟通。

昨天的已经过去，我们今天很多在悲哀的人，事实上我觉得悲哀的都是既得利益者，假如没有这场变革，怎么会有中小企业，假如没有变革，我们这些所有垄断的企业，怎么有利益在？所以说不破不立。

我听过很多的银行讲，我们给中小型企业贷款，我听了5年了，但是有多少的银行真正脚踏实地的在做呢？很少。如果银行不改变，我们改变银行，我坚信一点，3年以后今天的谈论中小企业的贷款银行，像马行长讲的，3年以后，这个国家、这个世界将会有更加完善的贷款体系给中小企业。以前只能听“今后可能会变成现实”，我相信这个建设的机制会更加好。

假如你认为这是一个灾难，灾难已经来临，假如你认为是一个机遇，那么机遇即将成型。去年我跟大家讲，灾难可能会来，现在我告诉大家，机会的形成已经开始，大家开始进行准备吧，我们让经济学家去分析，为什么、还有多久，我们毕竟不是预测家。因为我坚信，在顺境的时代会诞生伟大的企业，但是顺境的时代也有垃圾企业。在逆势的时代也有伟大的企业，而且像日本的索尼公司就是在非常低迷的时期诞生了伟大的企业，所以对于企业家来讲，我们今天在这里呼吁的是企业家的精神。这个世界缺失的不是钱，商业社会缺失的是企业家的精神、企业家的梦想、企业家的价值观，是价值观的缺失，是梦想的缺失。为什么我们去年判断，我并不是从经济数据上判断经济出问题，我前几年听到最多在台上讲的人都是银行家，都是讲PE、IPO，都是讲市盈率多少倍，所有人不讲为客户创造价值，为社会创造价值，很少人讲理想、梦想、关心自己的员工，这个灾难一定到来。

所以，今天我们不能等待政府，不能等待政治家。今天在呼唤政治家的时候，我希望我们能呼唤企业家的梦想、理想、价值观。呼唤起企业家的精神，共同参与应对人类最大的灾难。

我自己的，假如我没有和阿里巴巴公司一起度过那次的互联网泡沫的危机，那次我的口号是“成为最后一个倒下的人”。即使跪着，我也得最后倒下。而且，我那时候坚信一点，我困难有人比我更困难，我难过对手比我更难过，谁能熬得住谁就赢。放弃是最大的失败，假如你关掉你的工厂，关掉你的企业，你永远没有再回来的机会。

我觉得该做什么，该保留现金的保留现金，该关掉一些部门的关掉一些部门，该合并的合并，该做的做，但是永远不要放弃自己的信心，永远不要放弃当第一的梦想，这是我自己的想法。我看到去年最大的灾难开始的时候，我们大部分的企业家的朋友，他们都说我去年挣了多少钱，但是告诉我挣来的钱都是股市上挣来的钱的时候，我觉得灾难也会来，今天不来明天也来。20我有机会接受这样的挑战。过了年，我跟自己讲，我的一辈子的商业生活中，将经历这样无

数的灾难，我想看的是，我一辈子可以经历多少的灾难。这是人类1才一遇的这样的一次金融风暴，如果这样的金融风暴你度过了，你年老离开的时候，你可以告诉别人，我当年经历过这样的灾难，我爷爷没有经历过，我爸也没有这个资格，我有了。

所以，我觉得我们应该感到荣幸、骄傲，因为我们还年轻。我跟我的同事讲，我今年40多岁，他们20多岁，在他们20多岁的时候我们经历了这次灾难，而这次灾难给了我们无数的机会。我相信优秀的企业在顺境中可以发展，但是在逆境中还可以照样发展是最好的。

所以，我坚信一点，10年以后社会将进入新的时代，商业社会将进入新的商业文明的阶段，我们将更加统一、更加和谐、更加开明、更加开放，市场将会更加繁荣。所有人做10年以后的梦想，做3年以后的规划。所以，我自己在公司里面已经做了规划。

人类步入了21世纪，21世纪的第一步的阵痛告诉我们，只有更加开放、具有眼光，才能走得久。所有的企业只要你想活，你一定能活下去，连“朱坚强”都能活，你为什么不可以？

谢谢大家！

篇14：马云励志演讲稿

马云励志演讲稿

我们很多人有很多理想、梦想，但是把理想和梦想变为现实，需要做很多扎扎实实的工作。我的第一份工作是当老师，当老师最高的境界就是当校长……我终于圆上了梦。

我越来越深刻地认识到一个问题，不是谁都可以成为企业家，企业家我认为是有天赋的，像是社会学中的一种科学家。企业家是被发现的，一旦发现以后，你要花时间训练打磨。

在座每个人，包括我在内，犯了无数的错误，应该来讲这么多年下来，是错误让我们走到了今天。

湖畔大学跟MBA巨大的差异，那就是我们在这儿学习别人是怎么失败的。很多比我们更聪明的人，更能干的人，一个个都死在前面，聪明的人很多，智商情商高的人很多，今天都死在沙滩上面，连尸体都没找到，为什么?他们不聪明吗、不能干吗、不勤奋吗，不，他们犯了一些错误，有意识、无意识的错误，这些错误必须找出来。

在战场上活着的人才是胜利者，活着出来的人才是成功者，有些死门是不能进去的。湖畔大学我们就是告诉你，有些事情是不能干的，有些事情是要抓住的。

这个学校是共同建造，这个学校不是马云创办，这个学校不是史玉柱，不是沈国军，不是冯仑……创办的，不是说我们想建立一个学校，是你们跟我们共同来创建这个学校。前面三十六个人，你们就是合伙人，你们就是创始人。

将来，我们希望湖畔的每一个同学，都由一批我们共同信任的企业家、同学推荐。到底谁可以成为你们的同学，这个人会不会让我们丢脸，这个人会不会为我们争光，是我们共同去打造。

你们这些创始者合伙人，除了股份没有以外，什么事情都有。你们没有股份，你们的股份就是用心去把这个大学建好，把同学招来，把中国经济带起来，这是我对大家的.期待。

我们这些人都只是有一种经历，一种挫折，我们跟大家可能分享的是一种不放弃的精神，什么时候该坚持，什么时候不放弃，人性是什么。但是今天你们所用的工具和思想完全不一样。

中国未来二十年到三十年，一波一波的科技革命，带来一次一次巨大的机会，各个领域里面都是。中国经济未来要增长的是品质，这个品质的增长是我们这一代现在二三十岁的企业家最大的机会，粗放式的经济时代过去了。

凭我们今天的影响力，凭我们今天的关系，我们可以请到很多星光灿烂的嘉宾来，但我觉得简洁为好。期望越大，失望越大，我们就是一个简简单单的，从一个种子埋下去，慢慢地花时间，把这个树长大，慢慢地花时间把这个学校做好。

阿里巴巴只需要做102年就够了，这个学校要做三百年，你们是三百年的第一批人……希望大家今后因为这些而被铭记，为这个学校的创建，为中国经济，为世界经济，为DT时代作出了巨大的努力和贡献!

篇15：马语阅读理解答案

马语阅读理解答案

文学类文本阅读

阅读下面的文字，完成16～18题。

马语

莫言

像一把粗大的鬃毛刷子在脸上拂过来拂过去，使我从睡梦中醒来。眼前晃动着一个巍然的大影子，宛如一堵厚重的黑墙。一股熟悉的气味令我怦然心动。我猛然惊醒，身后的现代生活背景悄然退去，阳光灿烂，照耀着三十多年前那堵枯黄的土墙。墙头上枯草瑟瑟，一只羽毛灿烂的公鸡站在上边引吭高歌，墙前有一个倾颓的麦草垛，一群母鸡在散草中刨食。还有一群牛在墙前的柱子上拴着，都垂着头反刍，看样子好像是在沉思默想。弯曲的木柱子上沾满了牛毛，土墙上涂满了牛屎。我坐在草垛前，伸手就可触摸到那些鸡，稍稍一探身就可以触摸到那些牛。我没有摸鸡也没有摸牛，我仰脸望着它——亲密的朋友——那匹黑色的、心事重重的、屁股上烙着“Z99”字样的、盲目的、据说是从野战军里退役下来的、现在为生产队驾辕的、以力大无穷任劳任怨闻名乡里的老马。

“马，原来是你啊!”我从草垛边上一跃而起，双臂抱住了它粗壮的脖子。我心潮起伏，泪珠在它光滑的皮上滚动。它耸耸削竹般的耳朵，用饱经沧桑的口气说：“别这样，年轻人，别这样，我不喜欢这样子，没有必要这样子。好好地坐着，听我跟你说话。”它晃了一下脖子，我的身体就轻如鸿毛般地脱离了地面，然后就跌坐在麦草垛边，伸手就可触摸那些鸡，稍稍一探身就可以触摸那些牛。

我曾经多次揪它的尾毛做琴弓，它默默肃立，犹如一堵墙。我多少次坐在它宽阔平坦的背上看小人书，它一动也不动，好像一艘搁浅了的船。我多少次对邻村的小孩子炫耀它，编造它的光荣的历史，说它曾经驮着兵团司令冲锋陷阵，立过赫赫战功，它一声不吭，好像一块没有温度的铁。我多少次向村里的老人请教，想了解它的`历史，尤其想知道它是怎样瞎的，没人告诉我。我多少次抚摸着它的脖子问，亲爱的马，你的眼睛是怎么瞎的，是炮弹皮子崩瞎的吗?是害红眼病弄瞎的吗?是老鹰啄瞎的?——任我千遍万遍地问，它不回答。

“我现在回答你。”马说。马说话时柔软的嘴唇笨拙地翻动着，不时地显露出被谷草磨损了的雪白的大牙。它的声音十分沉闷，仿佛通过一个曲折漫长的管道传递过来的。这样的声音令我痴迷，令我陶醉，令我惊悚，令我如闻天籁，不敢不认真听讲。

马说：“几十年前，我的确是一匹军马，我屁股上的烙印就是证明。我的主人是一个英武的军官。他不仅相貌出众，而且还满腹韬略。我对他一往情深，如同恋人。有一天，他竟然让一个散发着刺鼻脂粉气息的女人骑在我的背上。我心中恼怒，精力分散，穿越树林时，撞在了树上，把那个女人掀了下来。军官用皮鞭抽打我，骂我‘你这匹瞎马!’……从此，我决定再也不睁开我的眼睛……”

“原来你是装瞎!”我从麦草垛前一跃而起。

“不，我瞎了……”马说着，掉转身，向着那漫漫无尽的黑暗的道路，义无反顾地走去。（有删节）

16.简要概括作品中“马”的形象特点。(4分)

1 7. 小说多处描写了马的形象，同时也描写了鸡和牛，这样写有什么作用?请简要分析。（5分）

18.马因为主人的一句谩骂，就自己把自己弄“瞎”了。你认为它这样做值得吗?请结合文本联系现实谈谈你的看法。(6分)

17．本文勾勒了马“巍然”、“粗壮”、“削竹般的耳朵”等外貌特征，又用牛和鸡来衬托，意在突出马出类拔萃的形象以及“我”对马的深厚情感（2分）。一匹杰出的战马在遭到不公正对待后自我毁弃的抗争，与平庸的牛、鸡安享平凡的生活形成对照（2分），表达了对遭逢不幸、自我惩罚者的同情与感慨（1分）。

18．（6分）（1）答“值得”的，参考要点：①突出了命运对它的不公，维护了自己的尊严；②这样一种悲剧性的结局对主题（怀才不遇）的表达显得更深沉有力；③即使不在战场上驰骋，也可以以力大无穷任劳任怨闻名乡里，活出自己的尊严，这同样是自身价值的体现。

（2）答“不值得”的，参考要点：①它可以继续为军官服务，用出色的表现证明自己没“瞎”；②它可以跑到别的部队，继续驰骋疆场；③没必要后半生“装瞎”，它可以睁大眼睛堂堂正正地驾辕出力，体现自身价值。（说明：要有观点，有分析。答案不必拘泥，言之有理就可给分。）

篇16：莫言《马语》赏析

莫言写马，如同画马。先写它“力大无穷、任劳任怨闻名乡里的马”的气度，引出疑问，埋下伏笔。接下来写自己对马的亲切之感，以及对马眼睛的疑问，马忽然开始了言语，声音“令我痴迷，令我陶醉，令我惊竦，令我如闻天籁”，写出了马的神奇。马讲述了自己的故事，原来是被主人辱骂，一气之下装瞎从而离开军营。最后马承认自己瞎了眼，实际上是指自己错投主人，是最令人悲哀的瞎。怀才不遇是千古以来被写滥了的主题，莫言却别出心裁，讴歌了世间宝贵的品质——凛然的傲骨以及相知相敬的情义!

★ 马云演讲