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奥运比赛项目－现代五项Pentathlon

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篇1：奥运比赛项目－现代五项Pentathlon

奥运比赛项目－现代五项Pentathlon

A young French cavalry officer of the 19th century was sent on horseback to deliver a message. He rode across the uneven terrain, through enemy lines, and was confronted by a soldier with his sword drawn. Challenged to a duel, the officer won, only to have his horse shot out from under him by another enemy soldier. After felling that soldier with a single shot, the officer ran on. He swam across a raging river, and then finally he delivered the message. So, legend has it, was born the modern pentathlon.

19世纪，一名年轻的法国骑兵军官受命飞骑传信。他踏破险阻，穿越敌阵，迎面遭遇一名挥舞利剑的敌兵。二人比剑决斗，军官获胜，但他跨下的坐骑却被另一名敌兵射杀。军官一枪击毙敌兵，徒步继续向前跑去。他泅渡过急流，终于将消息送到目的`地。这就是传说中现代五项全能运动的起源。

The brainchild of Baron Pierre de Coubertin, founder of the modern Olympic Games, the event was based upon the unlucky officer and introduced into the Stockholm Games of 1912. Only remotely resembling the ancient pentathlon inspired by the warmongering Spartans, modern pentathletes shoot, fence, swim, compete in show jumping and run - five events testing endurance as well as athletic versatility.

实际上，现代五项是由现代奥运会的创始人顾拜旦根据那位历尽磨难的法国军官的传说创立的，并成为19斯德哥尔摩奥运会的比赛项目。现代五项与好战的斯巴达人的古代五项全能不大相同，它包括射击、击剑、游泳、马术和越野跑。这五项比赛考察的是运动员的耐力和综合素质。

篇2：奥运比赛项目－垒球 Softball

奥运比赛项目－垒球 Softball

There is little soft about Olympic softball. One pitch at Atlanta was clocked at 118 kilometres per hour (73.3 mph). Considering the pitcher stands 13.1 metres (43 feet) from the batter, and the hardest-throwing baseball pitchers throw 160 kilometres per hour (99.4 mph) from 18.4 metres (60 feet), softball batters have essentially the same time to react as their baseball counterparts.

亚特兰大奥运会女子垒球场上的奋力一掷曾达到时速118公里――事实证明奥运女子垒球并不比男子棒球更“温柔”。考虑到垒球投手与击球手之间的.距离为13.1米（43英尺），而即使是一名竭尽全力的棒球投手从18.4米（60英尺）开外的距离投掷也只能投出时速160公里的一掷。由此来看，垒球击球手需要做出正确反应的时间与她的棒球同行所需要的时间在本质上是一样的。

In addition, a softball is as hard as a baseball. The only difference being the size; a softball is 30.4cm (12 inches) in circumference and a baseball is 22.8cm (9 inches).

此外，垒球与棒球的硬度也是一样的。这两种球类唯一的区别仅是尺寸大小。一个垒球的周长是30.4厘米（12英寸），而棒球是22.8厘米（9英寸）。

篇3：奥运比赛项目：体操概述

奥运比赛项目：体操概述

About Gymnastics（Olympic sport since 1896）

The Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG) was formed on 23 July 1881 when representatives of the gymnastics associations of Belgium, France and the Netherlands met in Liège. As a governing body it is held in high esteem by both its member federations and gymnastics clubs throughout five continents. In 1897, seventeen national associations joined together to form the basis of the European Gymnastics Federation. However, when the USA was admitted in 1921, the Committee changed its name to the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique or FIG, as it is known today.

FIG comprises three Olympic disciplines: artistic, rhythmic and trampoline.

Each discipline is controlled by a Technical Committee made up of a Technical President and six members.The Technical Committees are responsible for the coordination and control of their specific discipline in terms of the technical requirements for competition as they relate to each specific discipline.

体操概述（18成为奥运会正式比赛项目）

国际体操联合会（FIG）成立于1881年7月23日，是由比利时、法国、荷兰体操联合会的代表在列日共同成立的。作为体操运动的'权威机构，它深受五大洲各成员联合会和体操俱乐部的重视。起初在18时，17个国家体操联合会组成了欧洲体操联合会。19，随着美国的加入，联合会更名为国际体操联合会，简写为FIG。

国际体操联合会下设三类奥运比赛项目：竞技体操、艺术体操和蹦床。

每一类比赛都由一个技术委员会进行管理，技术委员会由1名主席和6名委员组成，负责协调、控制各项比赛的技术要求。

篇4：奥运比赛项目－举重Weightlifting

奥运比赛项目－举重Weightlifting

Weightlifting－Olympic sport since 1896

举重－1896年成为奥运会比赛项目

An ancient sport as old as mankind, embodying the most direct manifestation of human strength, weightlifting has not only flourished, but developed into a modern sporting discipline for the 21st century. The apparent simplicity of lifting the barbell from the ground and over the head in one or two movements is deceiving. Weightlifting requires a combination of power, speed, technique, concentration and timing. Super heavyweight lifters normally claim the title of World's Strongest Man or Woman. However, kilo per kilo, the lightest weightlifter is often the strongest.

举重是一项与人类历史一样古老的`运动，是对人类力量的最直接展现。举重运动不仅在古代盛极一时，而且在21世纪成为一项现代体育运动。从表面上看，举重是一项简单的运动：把杠铃从地上提起然后举过头顶，只需要一两个动作。实际上，举重是力量、速度、技巧、专注力和把握时机能力的结合。超重量级举重选手在世界上常被称为最强壮的人。但从体重与举起重物重量的关系来看，最轻量级选手似乎更胜一筹。

Men's weightlifting was on the programme of the first modern Olympic Games in Athens in 1896, and women participated for the first time ever at the Olympic Games in Sydney in .

男子举重在1896年首届雅典奥运会时就是奥运会比赛项目了，而女子举重直到悉尼奥运会上才成为正式比赛项目。

篇5：奥运比赛项目－赛艇 Rowing

奥运比赛项目－赛艇 Rowing

Tactically, it sounds as ludicrous as sprinting the first five kilometres of a marathon. To win a 2000-metre rowing race, the crew must sprint for the first 500 metres.

从战术上讲，在马拉松比赛前5公里的赛程中全速冲刺是荒唐的，但是要赢得2000米赛艇比赛的胜利，队员们就必须在前500米全速冲刺。

Such are the demands in the sport of the Athlete of the Century and the Oarsome Foursome.

这是本世纪最佳运动员所从事的运动，也是无敌4人组所从事的运动。

Rowing is an endurance test that finishes at a speed of up to 10 metres a second. Crews cover the middle 1000 metres at about 40 strokes per minute, but, over the first and last 500 metres, shift up a gear to as many as 47.

赛艇是一项考验耐力与持久力的比赛，终点冲刺的速度通常都超过每秒10米。在赛程中段的.10000米，队员们每分钟要划桨40下，而在前段和后段的两个500米中，划桨的频率要加快到每分钟47下。

The modern master is Steve Redgrave of Great Britain, widely hailed as the greatest rower ever. A six-time World Champion, he won gold medals at the last five Olympic Games and has been loosely crowned Athlete of the Century.

当代赛艇明星是英国的史蒂夫・雷德格雷夫，他被誉为历史上最好的选手。他曾6次获得世界冠军，连续5次夺得奥运会金牌，被称为本世纪最佳运动员。

篇6：奥运比赛项目－摔跤 Wrestling

奥运比赛项目－摔跤 Wrestling

Wrestling－Olympic sport since 1896

摔跤－18成为奥运会项目

If the Olympic Games are a history of mankind, wrestling is the prologue. When the ancient Games of the Olympiad were born, wrestling already was an ancient game. Widely recognised as the world's oldest competitive sport, wrestling appeared in a series of Egyptian wall paintings as many as 5000 years ago. When the Games began in 776 BC, more than two millenniums later, it included wrestling, and, in the years that followed, wrestling featured as the main event.

如果说奥林匹克运动是一部人类的历史，那么摔跤就是这部历史的序幕。当古代奥林匹克诞生之时，摔跤早已是一项古代的运动了。摔跤被公认为是世界上最早的竞技体育运动，早在50前，埃及就出现了一系列含有摔跤场面的`壁画。又过了多年，当古代奥运会在公元前776年诞生之时，摔跤就是其中的一项比赛，而且一直是历届奥运会的主要比赛项目。

The sport would return in a similar role when the Olympic Games returned after a 1500-year absence in 1896. Organisers, seeking direct links to ancient times, found a natural in the sport that had enjoyed popularity across much of the ancient world, from Greece, Assyria and Babylon to India, China and Japan. They resurrected Greco-Roman wrestling, a style they believed to be an exact carryover from the Greek and Roman wrestlers of old.

在古代奥运会中断1500年后，现代奥运会于1896年兴起，摔跤也随即找回了在奥运会中的位置。组织者在寻找与古代奥运会的直接联系过程中，自然而然地选中了摔跤运动，因为它曾在古代风靡世界大多数地方，从希腊、亚述、巴比伦到印度、中国和日本。所以他们原封不动地模仿古希腊和古罗马摔跤手的遗风，重现了“古典式摔跤”。

In Greco-Roman wrestling, the wrestlers used only their arms and upper bodies to attack. They could hold only those same parts of their opponents. It worked nicely from a historical perspective, but another breezier style was sweeping across Great Britain and the United States by then. Known as “catch as catch can”, it had become standard fare - and popular professional entertainment - at fairs and festivals in both countries.

在古典式摔跤比赛中，摔跤选手只能用双臂和上半身去攻击对手，也只能扭抱对手的这些部位。从历史的角度来说，古典式摔跤是一项不错的运动。但同时另一种更加自由的摔跤形式风靡了整个英国和美国。这种自由式摔跤被称为“想抓哪就抓哪”的运动，而且在这两个国家里成为了人们在市集和节日里常见的节目，甚至成为流行的娱乐职业。

篇7：奥运比赛项目－足球 Football

奥运比赛项目－足球 Football

Football －Olympic sport since 1900

足球－1900年成为奥运会项目

While the modern game of football started with the foundation of the Football Association of England in 1863, its roots extend to opposite ends of the earth. The ancient Chinese, Greeks and Romans played a similar game, long before English kings in the 1300s and 1400s were trying to outlaw the violent sport.

1863年英格兰足球协会的创立开创了现代足球运动的历史，但是足球的起源却在地球的另一端---古老的东方。在14至15世纪，英格兰国王们曾下令禁止这项充斥着暴力的.比赛。但在此之前，古代的中国、希腊、罗马都早已经开始从事类似的体育活动了。

In 1900, football became one of the first team sports included in the Olympic Games. During the Sydney Games, the sport celebrated 100 years of Olympic football. Women's football was introduced at the Olympic Games, where the final attracted a world record crowd for a women's sporting event of 76,000 people.

足球于1900年正式成为奥运会最早的团体项目之一。在悉尼奥运会上，奥运足球迎来了它的百年华诞。女子足球于被纳入奥运会，当年的女足决赛吸引了创纪录的76000名观众。

篇8：奥运比赛项目－射击 Shooting

奥运比赛项目－射击 Shooting

Shooting－Olympic sport since 1896

射击－1896年成为奥运会项目）

Olympic history abounds with tales of athletes who overcame crippling adversity to win gold medals, but Karoly Takacs' comeback may be the best. Takacs was part of Hungary's world-champion pistol-shooting team in 1938 when an army grenade exploded in his right hand. Ten years later, he won the first two golds in rapid-fire pistol - after teaching himself to shoot left-handed.

奥运史册记载了众多运动员历经磨难，顽强拼搏，最终夺取奥运金牌的事迹。然而在这些数不胜数的感人故事中，卡乐里・塔卡克斯（Karoly Takacs）的归来也许应算是最耐人寻味的。在1938年的世界射击锦标赛上，塔卡克斯用右手射击，帮助他所代表的匈牙利国家队赢得了世界射击锦标赛的手枪团体金牌。但是在比赛后不久爆发的.战争中，一枚手榴弹残忍地夺去了他的右手。可就在人们为塔卡克斯感到惋惜、认为他再也不可能重返赛场时，因伤阔别赛场10年的塔卡克斯通过自学左手射击，用左手首次夺得了两块奥运速射手枪射击金牌。

In a sport where the bullseye looks about the size of the full stop at the end of this sentence, a sport where shooters compete amid a cacophony of noise and still concentrate on firing between heartbeats, Takacs' achievement tests the imagination.

在一种充满各种刺耳噪音且靶心看上去只有句号大小的体育运动中，射击选手们仍能聚精会神地专注于在每次心跳瞬间弯曲手指、叩响扳机。塔卡克斯的成功超出了人们的想象。

From just three shooting events at the 1896 Olympic Games to 17 today, the sport has grown steadily. In part this leap can be ascribed to advances in the technology of firearms and equipment, which have led to constant changes in the shooting competition. But it can also be ascribed to the passion shooters have for their sport.

从1896年奥运会射击比赛的仅仅3个项目，到如今的17个项目，射击运动的发展是稳健踏实的。人们认为先进的枪械和装备制作技术是促成这种飞跃的部分原因。的确，伴随着这些技术，射击竞赛不断地变化着。然而，选手们对射击运动的激情也推动了其快速发展。

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