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考研英语真题如何复习

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考研英语真题如何复习

篇1：考研英语真题如何复习

考研英语真题如何复习

》一、真题的重要性

真题对于考研来说是个宝库，里面的资源越挖越深，越挖越多。通过对真题的学习提升自己的英语水平、提高语言学习的能力和竞争实力。做题方法原则上应该是每隔几天做一套，做完题目之后一定要进行精读，彻底读懂每一个符号。做一套题目要3小时，可真正吃透里面的知识可能要花30个小时，才能真正达到融会贯通。做完真题后要分析对错，并且把里面的语言点提炼、吸收。

真题是许多专家精心编纂的，每道题都要深思熟虑、反复论证才会最终出现在考生面前。因此，真题总是给人一种名门正派的感觉。题目即使难，也不会“怪”或“偏”。近几年的难度也没有大起大落。而市面上的各色辅导书，就很难保证这一点了，编纂人的水平、投入的精力都是不能和真题相提并论的。所以，真题是考研英语复习的必备材料。我们绝不能把真题简单地当成“题”做，而应该把它当成攻克考研的“教材”反复研究。在此，建议各位考生在做真题时，先不要一上来就将答案写到题上，要避免以后再做时“提醒”自己。

有些人可能认为真题是我们唯一应该抓住的东西，或者说真题至上这种说法，或者说只做真题就够了这种观点，我们认为这种说法是有一定的合理性，但是也有片面性。如果说只是从头到尾研究真题，同学们可能会感觉到比较乏味，当我们把每套题细分、解剖、肢解之后，自然的语感就会破坏，只靠研究真题而忽略英语语言学习的本身，这样的做法是比较极端的，甚至是错误的。同学们应该在掌握真题的基础上拓宽视野，沉浸在英语的氛围里，以达到真正的提高英语实力的目的.。比方说大家可以阅读一些英美报刊里面摘选的一些文章，比方《时代周刊》、《经济学人》、《新闻周刊》等这样的英美报刊，也可以上网浏览或者是下载一些相关的资料，或者做一些补充练习，这样浸泡在英语学习的氛围里面，大家才可以保持语感，同时对英语思维能力、表达能力，具体来说写作能力，会有很大的帮助。

二、如何利用真题进行复习

我们要明确：任何一本考研英语辅导书都不能代替真题。

第一遍：严格按照考试时间，创造最贴近考试的环境来完成真题。

第二遍：摘抄生词，长句进行记忆分析，进一步熟悉文章，正面分析正确选择项，使自己的思路初步贴近出题人的思路。看答案的时候最好不要看相关的分析，因为这样可能会让自己的思路跟着出书人跑。另外，你需要对出的题目有一个分类了，例如细节题目，作者态度题目，例证题目，文章主旨题目等等，为以后的进一步总结应对策略打下基础。

第三遍：反面分析错误选择项（至关重要！）

主要应该主要从4个方面着手：

1，对比正确选项和错误选项，找出其差异所在。

在知道了为什么正确答案为什么正确的基础上找出错误的原因，出题人为什么要用这个错误选项来迷惑我们――用的是偷换概念还是以小代大？同意互换的修饰成分是否遗漏？作者观点题目答案给的是不是有出题人主观倾向以及这种倾向是不是可以作为规律来对待？

2，把错误选择项带到原文中，看看出题人是怎么把作者意图和事实歪曲的。

关于这点你可以分析完10篇来一个总结，你会很惊奇的发现：原来每道题目错误选项的来路是这么的相似！以后再见到这种错误选项的时候很大程度上你就能感觉到什么应该是正确的什么是错误的了（这就是你和出题人思路的接近过程）。

3，把握绝对和相对的关系，找出错误选项代表性的词汇。

很多老师会这么告诉你：包含some，perhaps，appromately，about，seems等词汇的选择项一般都是正确的，而包含certainly，extremely等绝对的一般都是错误的。这个可以当成一个一般的原则来应用，但是我要求你们并不是简单的把这类词汇给看到然后就直接的判断出其正确性或者错误性，我们现在是打基础，必须对自己从严要求，我们应该这样做：找出代表性词汇后进行汇总，根据肯定否定的语气轻重来把它们进行排序，然后回到题目看看出题目的人是怎么把作者不太肯定的语气给“硬化”的（老外很少说绝对，中国人经常说绝对）。

4，把自己当成出题人来思考（换位思考）。

你需要把自己放到出题人的角度来对待错误选项，因为错误选项都是很熟悉中国人思维的专家出的，因此，你如果单纯的从自己（考生）的角度思考错误选择项，很可能会百思不得其解，而在把我原文的基础之上把自己看成出题人情况就会很不同。这是提高你考试能力的一个很重要的方法，到你经过一系列的训练，能从出题人的思路把握选择项的时候，你就是真正的知彼知己，从而就很容易的达到百战不殆了。

模拟题千千万万，只有真题每一年都是唯一的，希望大家认真研究真题，把握最后的复习机会，考试取得优异的成绩。

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篇2：考研英语充分利用真题复习

同学们在翻译的过程中，不能实际上，从事过翻译的人都会有这样一种强烈的感觉，一个词在上下文中的实际词义往往在词典中找不到字面的对应词。考研辅导专家提醒考生，在英译汉时，要遵循“译词看句子”的基本原理，既遵守词义理据，又能融会贯通，通过灵活善变的思考，把握每个词的种种含义，做到求义于词典而又不拘泥于词典。

充分利用真题复习

同学们在复习过程中，尽量多研究真题。充分掌握历年考研翻译常考词组和短语。最终达到这样一个目标：至少要把近十年的真题中出现的(包括划线句子以及上下文中的)词组都认真总结一遍，进行重复性的记忆。考研辅导专家提醒考生，大家要总结历年常考句型及特殊结构，掌握翻译技巧。真题中出题频率较高的句型从高到低依次为：定语从句、状语从句、被动语态、名词性从句以及一些特殊结构，像比较结构、否定结构、代词和非谓语动词的翻译。

长难句结构划分要清晰

划分英语长难句结构，是理解英语句子含义的基础。许多同学反映，一看到长句就恐慌;再加上几个不认识的单词，根本无从下手，不知道原文在表达什么，所以只能认识几个单词就翻译几个单词，写出的译文自己都不知所云。考研辅导专家提醒考生，要成功翻译一篇英文文章，既要对英语原文理解正确无误，又要把汉语表达得流畅通顺。但在这两者中，正确理解原文既是起点也是关键。而要做到正确理解原文，就需要有扎实的英语语言基础，特别是英语句型结构知识和正确分析英语句子结构的能力。

词意把握要到位

一位语言学家曾经说过：“在新的上下文里使用的每一个词都是新词。”英语中普遍存在一些一词多义、一词多类的现象，除了一些专有名词之外，几乎没有绝对等值的词语。正是词的这种多义性和变义性，决定了对英语词义的理解及其汉语表达是英译汉的难点所在。所以，对于英译汉中每个词语的翻译都需要仔细斟酌，不可轻易凭经验而译。考研辅导专家提醒考生，在翻译一个词时，看到的绝不应该仅仅是这个词本身，必须充分考虑它在上下文中所处的地位以及与其他词的搭配关系，孤立的译词是下下之策。

篇3：考研英语充分利用真题复习

长难句结构划分要清晰

词意把握要到位

篇4：考研英语怎么通过真题复习

一、考研英语怎么通过真题复习

第一，通过真题，加强语法学习。

通过历年真题，我们可以看到语法的使用无处不在。单单复习一本语法书，既枯燥也没有实际运用，有点纸上谈兵的味道。考生可以通过对历年真题的总结归纳出语法点，通过习题加强对语法知识的把握，这样及复习了语法知识，有增强了对真题的把握。

第二，通过真题，加强长难句解析。

针对长难句的解析，一直都是阅读题型的重中之重，考生可以通过历年真题的阅读题型强化对长难句的理解分析能力。在复习时，考生要带着明确的目的，掌握解题的方法、出题人的思路，这对于复习成果来说很重要。

第三，通过真题，加强考试自信心。

通过真题训练，不断的总结归纳，提高做题正确率，消除对考研英语的恐惧感。

二、阅读、翻译、作文的真题训练法

阅读

考研英语阅读特色鲜明：文章篇幅短、难度适中，但是题目难、混淆项多。即便是英语基础很好的人，也不一定能在考研阅读上拿高分。我悟透这个道理之后，更把提高阅读理解正确率的关键放在了真题上。我每次都会仔细地花上不少于做题的时间来“消化”真题，结合答案解析分析错题以及拿不准的“疑题”，阅读理解的出错原因一般有两种：读不懂文章，读懂了文章却做不对题目。读不懂文章的原因一般是长难句，因此，我在“消化”的时候着重注意答案解析中对文章长难句的解析，这样，不仅提高了我理解文章的能力，也有助于我学习长难句的句式，并运用在写作中。如果我读懂了文章却做不对题目，我就借助答案解析，修正自己与出题人思路不符的逻辑，在一次次的教训中逐渐揣摩出题人的思路。

翻译

1、要“信”“达”，无需“雅”

起初我对翻译诚惶诚恐，因为正统的翻译理论讲求“信、达、雅”。但是很快我便从真题的分布中觅得了玄机。翻译部分是和阅读、新题型一起构成了第二大部分，而且翻译的是一篇文章中的几个句子。这意味着，考研英语对翻译的考查还是侧重于考查我们的阅读能力。此外，再综合考研真题的标准答案来看，翻译达到“信”和“达”即准确和通顺就足够了。

2、主谓宾和复杂短语是拿分点

在“信”的方面，我在练习中始终以真题为参照，仔细分析真题的标准答案。标准答案的评分标准非常细，都是按照关键点得分，1道2分的翻译一般是4个关键点，一个关键点0.5分。通过总结真题发现，句子中的主谓宾和稍微复杂的短语是关键词的“高发地段”，这些地方一定要清晰地翻译出来，万万不可含混。

3、翻译要让中国人看得舒服

在基本达到“信”的要求后，我发现我并不能达到“达”，明明每个词的意思都知道，但是合起来和答案还是相差甚远。为此，困惑了很久。最后反复分析真题答案才得以解惑，汉语和英语的表达习惯存在着巨大的差异，比如汉语喜欢把长长的定语放在前面，而英语一般把主语放在前面。把英语翻译成汉语，自然要转换这种表达，让中国人能看着舒服，即所谓“说人话”。在后面的练习中我时刻谨记“说人话”――把句子的意思放在脑袋里，然后想想，如果我要跟一个中国人沟通这个意思，我会怎么组织语言？

作文

1、从范文找标杆

想写出好文章，就得先确立目标，树立标杆，明确什么样的文章才是好文章，而这个标杆就是真题范文。分析真题的范文，会发现高分范文有一些共同的特点：（1）三段式永远不会过时。（2）观点不一定十分新颖，但都很清晰、有理有据。（3）如果题目中提供了两个观点，高分作文一定是选择其一，并在文章一开始就表明自己的立场，而不是“两个观点都有道理”“各打五十大板”。（4）连词不少，尤其是在段首和转折、强调、分点说明时。（5）没有通篇用长句，都是长短句相结合，有节奏感。（6）用词重复率很低，前后用不同的单词表达同一个意思。

2、要“输出”，先 “输入”

写作是英语能力的“输出”过程，要“输出”，先得有“输入”的积累。我刚开始看到作文题总是脑子一片空白，不知道从何下手，于是我就抓住一份真题的作文，从学习它的范文开始，依葫芦画瓢，把别人写的好的句子、短语，甚至开头结尾的方式、承上启下的句子、连词都标注下来，然后熟读、默写，再把范文合起来，自己完整地写一篇，不求和范文完全相同，也不怕和范文雷同。多积累几篇后，肚子里有点“货”了，以后再写别的题目也慢慢能找到感觉，写出自己的东西了。

3、背单词不如背短语、句子如果把写作当成盖房子，那么单词就是砖瓦。我认为砖瓦不求多（词汇量大），也不求奇形怪状（知道很多“高级”的生僻词汇），只要够用就行，更重要的是要知道如何把这些砖拼成结实而漂亮的形状，而好的短语和句型就是已经拼好的、实用且形状漂亮的砖。

虽然很多作文辅导书上有分类整理的好句子，但更唾手可得的资源是真题的阅读文章和真题范文，我在学习真题的时候从这两个来源中积累了不少值得学习的好句子，并把它们记在一个小笔记本，随身携带，没事儿就翻出来读一读。虽然我记的句子并不多，但是都很实用。

连词就像文章的润滑剂，得体地使用连词可以让文章的水平大上一个台阶。而我和很多中国学生一样，刚开始写英文作文的时候除了firstly、secondly、lastly之外，对表示转折、递进等关系的连词（如however、despite、moreover等）并没有什么使用的意识。好在真题高分范文中出现连词的数量有限，在意识到这个问题之后我在性价这么高的连词上没少下功夫。

真题文章可背诵

真题中的阅读理解是非常好的英语学习资料。我做完真题后，会对阅读理解的文章作精读，也就是仔细查出文中生词、不太熟悉的短语句型，以及一些比较好用的短语句型，并作笔记。一方面可以提高英语能力，另一方面也可以下意识地积累写作用语。

当然，不是每一篇阅读理解都值得下大工夫，也并不是只有阅读理解需要精读，有些完型填空和新题型也可以稍微关注。我一般只选择可供学习的语言较多、结构清晰、比较贴合议论文文体的文章下工夫。

挑选出好文章后，我一有空就找个没人的地方，把文章或者笔记反复朗读，这是最简单的吸收方法，还可以给紧张的复习减压。通过读出声，可以刺激听觉，人们通常对听到的东西是比较容易记住的。所以这样反复多次之后，虽然没有刻意记忆，但这类“重点关注”的文章我甚至熟悉得都能背下来，这对于写作的提高甚至大于对阅读理解本身的提高。

扔掉非真题的资料

我也试着做过几本市面上最流行的考研英语阅读理解练习，虽然文章选取的质量还可以，但是难度各异，和真题都有差距，更严重的问题出在标准答案上。因为参考书的作者并不是考研命题人，参考书的题目和真题的出题方向、答题逻辑都有一定出入，这些练习的答案往往并不能做到十分严谨，如果你不幸还是个认真的孩子，把这些练习的答案也认真分析了，很可能反而混乱了答题思路。市面上的阅读理解书动辄几百篇阅读，几千道题，全部做完一遍就要花费不少时间，所以很多人花费了大量时间做阅读理解参考书，提高的也多是“读懂文章”的能力，而对提高“做对题”能力的帮助十分有限。

只通过做题来复习英语显得太过功利和应试了，所以也有不少同学参加的考研英语辅导班老师推荐大家背《新概念》来提高英语基础。我认为这个广为流传的方法对提高英语水平固然是有帮助的，但考虑到考研复习时间十分有限，这个方法的投入产出比实在值得怀疑。我认为，想要提高英语基础，与其花那么多时间去学习语言风格稍显老旧且对考研毫无针对性的《新概念》，远不如学习真题来的有效。

有效利用真题的IN&OUT

OUT：随便拿真题来做练习，不一次做完一套完整的题，很多时候也不计时。

IN：做真题严格控制做题时间。尽量把自己做真题的时间放在下午2点到5点，和考研时间保持一致。手机调成飞行模式或静音，杜绝一切干扰，最大化地模拟考试情景。只有用高度重视的态度做题，才能真正从中发现自己的问题并做相应改善。

OUT：真题只做一遍。

IN：每套真题至少做过三遍。我做题时从来不在真题上直接写答案，而是写在一张单独的白纸上，以便以后反复做这套题。很多人对此表示不解：同一套题为什么要做很多遍？其实只要做个小试验就知道了，即便是做过一次的真题，一个月后，甚至只需一两周后，拿出来重新做一遍，你依旧不能拿满分（不考虑写作部分）。只要还有出错的地方，就说明你还没有完全学透这套试题，没有完全理解考点，也没有完全掌握出题人的思路。因此，再次学习这张卷子就十分有必要。

这种方法看着很奇怪，但其实是摸透出题人思路的最好捷径，经过我的实践检验，也十分有效果。以阅读理解为例，我第一次做真题的时候正确率仅为60%，但通过对真题的反复操练，到复习后期以及最后考研的时候我的阅读正确率都保持在90%左右。

OUT：重复做真题时，凭记忆写上答案。

IN：我重复做真题的时候，正确答案有时自然会冒出来，但不会直接写下来答案，因为这完全丧失了意义。我每次做题就像第一次做题一样，经历完整的思考过程，有理有据地得到正确答案。此外，我还通过提高每一遍做题之间的间隔时间来避免这种情况的发生。

OUT：每一遍做题都一样。

IN：每一次做题都要更加熟练和完美。我重复做真题的时候都要掐时间，并且要争取第二次比第一次用时少一倍，而第三次又比第二次用时少三分之一。坚持这样练习后，我在考场上拿到真题，做题速度也很快。当然，这样做的前提是坚持做好上一条，不然就完全是本末倒置了。

1.考研英语真题复习法

2.考研英语怎么复习心得

3.在职考研英语怎么复习

4.考研英语怎么复习

5.考研英语怎么复习？

6.考研英语到底该怎么复习

7.考研英语作文怎么复习

8.关于考研英语怎么复习

9.考研英语怎么复习才高效

10.考研英语应该怎么复习

篇5：考研复习如何利用真题

考研专业课真题的作用？如何最高效率的使用专业课真题？

根据数据分析统计显示，众多普通考生在未熟悉历年真题前，尤其非统考的考生，往往无从下手不知道该怎么复习，面对参考书有种大海捞针的感觉，因为不知道要考些什么、怎么考、考的规律是什么？因为即便是考本专业，在熟悉专业重难点、学科框架的情况下，如果不认真研究历年真题，也是常常把握不好专业课命题人的命题意图、侧重点、风格等命题规律。

因此，建议应尽一切可能把目标专业的往年真题搜集齐全，对专业课考试的考点、考察频次、题型、分值、命题角度等进行统计分析，然后专业课每个轮次复习结束后都要仔细研究真题。真题不是拿来做的，而是拿来研究的。因为，研究专业课真题有以下几个核心作用：

1、把握考研专业课的命题风格

因为每年的同一章节往往是由同一位或几位命题人命的题，从而可以藉此洞察他们的命题风格，例如是重能力、重基础、还是重应用，书本知识还是延伸扩展知识等等。例如难易程度、考查趋向，是注重基础知识、应用能力还是发挥能力，以及是否存在偏、难、怪等现象；

2、明确该专业课考试的题型

例如选择题、简答题、论述题、案例分析题等题型类型；通过分析真题，就可以分析得到历年考试什么题型最受关注、什么题型最难答等，从而在具体的复习过程中，提请注意，并在实际练习中，有所侧重关注。

3、可以预测专业课考试范围和考试的高频考点

通过对真题的分析，可以发现一个非常普遍的现象，有些知识点同一个学校隔几年都会考，甚至每年都考。相同专业同档次的学校专业课也会反反复复考。这些反反复复考的知识点就是老师容易出题的地方，需要考生高度重视。

运用好真题，可以为避开考研复习中的很多弯路，通过真题的分析可以更好的掌握出题的重点，更好的完成专业课的复习。

1.考研真题合理利用及学习方法

2.考研真题和错题如何利用和学习

3.考研政治如何有效利用真题答案

4.考研真题这么重要你都利用好了吗

5.考研冲刺复习：最后阶段如何用好真题

6.2017考研历史学如何复习

7.考研专业课如何复习

8.2018考研专业课如何复习

9.2017考研倒计时：考研数学如何复习

10.新闻专业考研真题

篇6：考研英语真题

Text 4

There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. “Sometime in the future，”the paper’s publisher said back in .

Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside，there’s plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper-printing presses, delivery trucks—isn’t just expensive; it’s excessive at a time when online-only competitors don’t have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.

Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.

Peretti says the Times should’t waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. “Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them,” he said, “but if you discontinue it, you’re going to have your most loyal customers really upset with you.”

Sometimes that’s worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. “It was seen as a blunder,” he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? “I wouldn’t pick a year to end print,” he said. “I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product.”

The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they’d feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. “So if you’re overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping,” Peretti said. “Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue.” In other words, if you’re going to make a print product, make it for the people who are already obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year—more than twice as mush as a digital-only subscription.

“It’s a really hard thing to do and it’s a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn’t have a legacy business,” Peretti remarked. “But we’re going to have questions like that where we have things we’re doing that don’t make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it’s better to be more aggressive than less aggressive.”

36.The New York Times is considering ending its print edition partly due

[A] the high cost of operation.

[B] the pressure from its investors.

[C] the complaints from its readers.

[D] the increasing online ad sales.

37. Peretti suggests that, in face of the present situation, the Times should

[A] seek new sources of readership.

[B] end the print edition for good.

[C] aim for efficient management.

[D] make strategic adjustments.

38.It can be inferred from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that a “legacy product”

[A] helps restore the glory of former times.

[B] is meant for the most loyal customers.

[C] will have the cost of printing reduced.

[D] expands the popularity of the paper.

39.Peretti believes that, in a changing world.

[A] legacy businesses are becoming outdated.

[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving.

[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges.

[D] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected.

40.Which of the following would be the best title of the text?

[A] Shift to Online Newspapers All at Once

[B] Cherish the Newspaper Still in Your Hand

[C] Make Your Print Newspaper a Luxury Good

[D] Keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion

篇7：考研英语真题

考研英语真题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

Though not biologically related, friends are as “related” as fourth cousins, sharing about 1% of genes. That is 1 a study, published from the University of California and Yale University in the Proceedings of the National Academy Sciences, has 2 .

The study is a genome-wide analysis conducted 3 1,932 unique subjects which 4 pairs of unrelated friends and unrelated strangers. The same people were used in both 5 .

While 1% may seem 6 , it is not so to a geneticist. As James Fowler, professor of medical genetics at UC San Diego, says, “most people do not even 7 their fourth cousins but somehow manage to select as friends the 8 our kin.”

The study 9 found that the genes for small were something shared in friends but not genes for immunity. Why this similarity exists in smell genes is difficult to explain, for now, 10 , as the team suggests, it draws us to similar environments but there is more 11 it. There could be many mechanisms working together that 12 us in choosing genetically similar friends 13 “functional Kinship” of being friends with 14 !

One of the remarkable findings of the study was the similar genes to be evolution 15 than other genes. Studying this could help 16 why human evolution picked pace in the last 30,000 years, with social environment being a major 17 factor.

The findings do not simply explain people’s 18 to be friend those of similar 19 backgrounds, say the researchers. Though all the subjects were drawn from a population of European extraction, care taken to 20 that all subjects, friends and strangers, were taken from the same population.

1、[A]what [B]why [C]how [D]when

2、[A]defended [B]concluded [C]withdrawn [D] advised

3、[A]for [B]with [C]by [D]on

4、[A]separated [B]sought [C]compared [D] connected

5 、[A]tests [B] objects [C]samples [D]examples

6、[A]Insignificant [B]unexpected [C] unreliable [D]incredible

7、[A]visit [B]miss [C] know [D] seek

8、[A]surpass [B] influence [C] favor [D]resemble

9、[A]again [B] also [C]instead [D]thus

10、[A] Meanwhile [ B]Furthermore [C] Likewise [D]Perhaps

11、[A] about [ B] to [C] from [D]like

12、[A] limit [ B] observe [C] confuse [D]drive

13、[A] according to [ B] rather than [C] regardless of [D]along with

14、[A]chances [ B]responses [C]benefits [D]missions

15、[A] faster [ B]slower [C] later [D]earlier

16、[A] forecast [ B] remember [C] express [D]disruptive

17、[A] unpredictable [ B] contributory [C] controllable [D]disruptive

18、[A] tendency [ B] decision [C]arrangement [D]endeavor

19、[A] political [ B]religious [C] ethnic [D]economic

20、[A] see [ B]show [C] prove [D]tell

篇8：考研英语真题

Part B

Directions: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the A-G for each of the numbered paragraph (41-45). There are two extra subheadings. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

[A] Create a new image of yourself

[B] Have confidence in yourself

[C] Decide if the time is right

[D] Understood the context

[E] Work with professionals

[F] Make it efficient

[G] Know your goals

No matter how formal or informal the work environment, the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University, people assess your competence, trustworthiness, and like ability in just a tenth of a second, solely based on the way you look.

The difference between today’s workplace and the “dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader, Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shirts can convey status; in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.

So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhances our goals? Here are some tips:

As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions-- when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues, and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you. Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.

Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have . Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it?For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more “SoHo.” (It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)

Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What convey status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.

Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.

The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time fussing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue . Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothes at once with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.

Part C

Directions:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

Mental health is our birthright. (46)We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition of exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don’t understand the value of mental health and we don’t know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us, (47)Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.

Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem—confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives—the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a from of innate or unlearned optimism. (48)Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness of they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for solving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful, managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving, catching a fish, working on our car, or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature, in culture, in the flow of our daily lives.

(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives, it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions. It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong, good from bad, friend from foe. Mental health has commonly been called conscience, instinct, wisdom, common sense, or the inner voice. We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought. (50)As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.

Section III Writing

Directions:

Write an essay of 160~200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should

1) describe the drawing briefly,

2) explain its intended meaning, and then

3) give your comments.

You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET. (20 points)

篇9：考研英语真题

2015考研英语真题：

Section I Use of English

Directions: Read the following text.Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)

In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends, 1 those of the young woman, but also a matchmaker. A young man can 2 a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations, or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen.5 a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying 6 a good family.

The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, 7 by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. Parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, 9 cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists, and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the 11 .Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may 12 with them up to a year, 13 they can build a new house nearby.

Divorce is legal and easy to 14 , but not common. Divorced persons are 15 with some disapproval. Each spouse retains 16 property he or she 17 into the marriage, and jointly-acquired property is 18 equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up: The divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry 20 the woman must wait ten months.

1.[A]by way of [B]on behalf of [C]as well as [D]with regard to

2. [A]adapt to [B]provide for [C]compete with [D]decide on

3. [A]close [B]renew [C]arrange [D]postpone

4. [A]Above all [B]In theory [C]In time [D]For example

5. [A]Although [B]Lest [C]After [D]Unless

6. [A]into [B]within [C]from [D]through

7. [A]since [B]but [C]or [D]so

8. [A]copy [B]test [C]recite [D]create

9. [A]folding [B]piling [C]wrapping [D]tying

10. [A]passing [B]lighting [C]hiding [D]serving

11. [A]meeting [B]collection [C]association [D]union

12. [A]grow [B]part [C]deal [D]live

13. [A]whereas [B]until [C]if [D]for

14. [A]obtain [B]follow [C]challenge [D]avoid

15. [A]isolated [B]persuaded [C]viewed [D]exposed

16. [A]whatever [B]however [C]whenever [D]wherever

17. [A]changed [B]brought [C]shaped [D]pushed

18. [A]withdrawn [B]invested [C]donated [D]divided

19. [A]breaks [B]warms [C]shows [D]clears

20. [A]so that [B]while [C]once [D]in that

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)

Text 1

France,which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.

The parliament also agreed to ban websites that “incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.

Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That’s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death—as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.

The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.

The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep—and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.

The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.

In contrast to France’s actions, Denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states: “We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people.” The charter’s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week, which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and-shame method of compliance.

Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.

21.According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?

[A] Physical beauty would be redefined.

[B] New runways would be constructed.

[C] Websites about dieting would thrive.

[D] The fashion industry would decline.

22.The phrase “impinging on” (Line 2,Para 2) is closest in meaning to

[A] heightening the value of.

[B] indicating the state of.

[C] losing faith in.

[D] doing harm to.

23.Which of the following is true of the fashion industry?

[A] The French measures have already failed.

[B] New standards are being set in Denmark.

[C] Model are no longer under peer pressure.

[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse.

24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for

[A] setting a high age threshold for models.

[B] caring too much about models’ character.

[C] showing little concern for health factors.

[D] pursuing perfect physical conditions.

25.Which of the following may be the best title of the text?

[A] The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry.

[B] Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty.

[C] A Dilemma for the Starving Models in France.

[D] A Challenge to the Fashion Industry’s Body Ideals.

篇10：考研英语真题

Text 2

For the first time in history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family, Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what makes them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.

A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever.” It was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air.” Hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it. It needs constant guardianship.

At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off-plan” building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent. Only Ukip, sensing its chance, has sided with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its Campaign to Protect Rural England struck terror into many local Consecutive parties.

The sensible place to build new houses, factories and offices is where people are, in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyd recently identified enough sites for half a million houses in the London are alone, with no intrusion on green bet. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces.

The idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them. Under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?

Development should be planned, not let rip. After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe’s most crowded country. Half a century of town and country planning has enabled it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative—the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.

26.Britain’s public sentiment about the countryside

[A] didn’t start till the Shakespearean age.

[B] has brought much benefit to the NHS.

[C] is fully backed by the royal family.

[D] is not well reflected in politics.

27.According to Paragraph 2, the achievements of the National Trust are now be

[A] gradually destroyed.

[B] effectively reinforced.

[C] largely overshadowed.

[D] properly protected.

28.Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development.

[B] The Conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building.

[C] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence.

[D] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation.

29.The author holds that George Osborne’s preference

[A] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure.

[B] shows his disregard for the character of rural areas.

[C] stresses the necessity f easing the housing crisis.

[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas.

30.In the last paragraph, the author shows his appreciation of\

[A] the size of population in Britain.

[B] the political life in today’s Britain.

[C] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain.

[D] the town-and-country planning in Britain.

Text 3

“There is one and only one social responsibility of businesses,” Wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel prize-winning economist, “That is,to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profit”. But even if you accept Firedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility (CSR) policies as waste of shareholders’ money, things may not be absolutely clear-cut. New research suggest the CSR may create monetary value for companies-at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.

The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR,according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm.This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect way to donate to the good causes it helps.And third, through a more diffuse “halo effect,” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.

Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under America’s Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA). It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations, they could be influenced only by the halo effect.

The study found that, among prosecuted firms, those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firms’ political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.

In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in CSR. “We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about 20% results in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for briding foreign officials,” says one researcher.

Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question of how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they decide their do-gooding policies. But at least they have demonstrated that when companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.

31. The author views Milton Friedman’s statement about CSR with

[A] tolerance

[B] skepticism

[C] uncertainty

[D] approval

32.According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by

[A] winning trust from consumers.

[B] guarding it against malpractices.

[C] protecting it from being defamed.

[D] raising the quality of its products.

33. The expression “more lenient” (Line 2, Para. 4) is closest in meaning to

[A] more effective