英文语法难点分析:集体名词的类与群

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英文语法难点分析:集体名词的类与群

篇1:英文语法难点分析:集体名词的类与群

英文语法难点分析:集体名词的类与群

表示一群人或物的名词叫集体(或集合)名词。为便于弄清其特点,我们不妨把它们分为表示无生命的物的“类”和表示主要是由人(有少数是低等动物)构成的“群”的集体名词。

⑴表示“类”的集体名词,常见的有

clothing

furniture

baggage/luggage

jewelry

traffic

infomation

machinery

merchandise

produce

scenery

它们指同一类的许多东西,其用法与不可数名词相当:

①形式上总是单数,没有复数形式,作主语时,谓语用单数。

如:

The old machinery is out of date.

这些旧机器过时了。

②不可直接与a(n)或数词连用。表数量时用much,little,some,a piece of,an article of等。

如:

Each room has five pieces of furniture.

每个房间有五件家具。

③若需用代词,用单数代词。

如:

Do you want to see my jewelry?It is in the box.

你想看我的珠宝吗?它在我的箱子里。

⑵表示“群”的集体名词常见的有

(Ⅰ)

peeple

police

cattle

poultry

vermin

clergy

militia

(Ⅱ)

family

class

team

government

vrowd

committee

crew

jury

party

firm

couple

board

group

gang

enemy

union

audience

public

mankind

humanity

youth

▲上述(Ⅰ)部分的词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数。

如:

The police are looking for him.

警察当局正在找他。

▲▲上述(Ⅱ)部分的词把集体当作一个整体时,用作单数;若考虑构成这些集体的`各个成员时,看作复数。

如:

My family is a large one.

我家是个大家庭。

My family are all workers.

我的家人都是工人。

▲▲▲上述(Ⅰ)部分的词以及public,church,audience,mankind,humanity等通常只有单数形式,也不能直接加a(n)(audience除外);其中clergy,public,church,youth,police等的前面通常要加the。

▲▲▲▲把一个集体名词看作单数或复数,要注意前后一致。如:

The team is famous for its(不能用their) long history.

该对以历史悠久而闻名。

He has joined the football team who are (不可用which is) all famous footballers.

他参加了一个队员全是著名足球选手的那个足球队。

篇2:英文语法难点分析:Besides、But、Except

英文语法难点分析:Besides、But、Except

(1) besides与except

前者表示“除……以外,还有……”;后者表示“从整体中除去……”

这个大家都知道,就不举例子了。

(2)except与except for

a.除去的和非除去的是同类事物,用except。

例如:

All the essays are well written except Nelson's.

Nelson的文章(除去的.)和All the essays(非除去的)是同类事物,所以用except。

b.除去的和非除去的不是同类事物,用except for,并且从语气上通常表示遗憾。

例如:His essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.

a few spelling mistakes(除去的)和His essay(非除去的)是不同类的事物。

(3)apart from 具有多重意义:既可表示besides,也可以表示exept或exept for,还可以表示without的意思。

例如:

Apart from the cost,it will take a lot of time.(=besides)

The orphan had no one to take care of him apart from his uncle.(=except)

He has done good work,apart from a few slight faults.(=except for)

There can be no knowledge apart from practice.实践出真知.(=without)

(4)excepting =except,但一般用于句首或用于not,without,always等词之后

例如:

Excepting his brother,they are all right.

Everyone,not excepting myself,must share the blame.

All of us,without excepting those who know more about the subject,should study.

All my brothers com here every day,always excepting the youngest.

(5)but与except同义,但but多用在every,any,no等和由这些词构成的复合词如everything,anywhere,nobody等词以后及all,none之后。

例如:

The children go to school everyday but Sunday.

They are all gone but me.

You can get the book anywhere but here.

There is no one but me.

Who but George would do such a thing?

篇3:英文语法难点分析:to do和of doing

英文语法难点分析:to do和of doing

不同的名词,对这两种后置定语的选择是有区别的,有的只能用to do,有的只可用of doing,的.两种都可以.现分述如下:

⑴will, willingness, suggestion, conclusion, decision, permission, agreement, refusal, determination, proposal, resolution等,一般用不定式作后置定语。如:

Mary has the will to win the first prize.(不用of winning)

玛丽有获得一等奖的决心。

He has drawn a conclusion to go abroad with his family.(不用of winning)

他已作出了携家去国外的决定。

⑵hope, risk, possibility, impossibility, probability, intention, prospect, responsiblility, aim等,一般只能用of doing作后置定语。如:

In fact,tere is no hope of their winning the game.

事实上,他们没有希望赢得这场比赛。(不能说for them to win)

He will run the risk of losing his life to save the child.

他将冒生命危险去救那个孩子。

⑶way, chance, need, necessity, right, freedom, power, opportunity,ability等,既可用不定式短语,又可用of doing短语作后置定语。如:

Their chance to go(of ging) abroad was lost.

他们失去了出国的机会。

He has the right to do (of doing) that.

他有权那样做。

篇4:英文Besides、But、Except的语法难点分析

英文Besides、But、Except的语法难点分析

(1) besides与except

前者表示“除……以外,还有……”;后者表示“从整体中除去……”

这个大家都知道,就不举例子了,英文语法难点分析:Besides、But、Except。

(2)except与except for

a.除去的和非除去的是同类事物,用except。

例如:

All the essays are well written except Nelson's.

Nelson的文章(除去的)和All the essays(非除去的')是同类事物,所以用except。

b.除去的和非除去的不是同类事物,用except for,并且从语气上通常表示遗憾。

例如:His essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.

a few spelling mistakes(除去的)和His essay(非除去的)是不同类的事物。

(3)apart from 具有多重意义:既可表示besides,也可以表示exept或exept for,还可以表示without的意思。

例如:

Apart from the cost,it will take a lot of time.(=besides)

The orphan had no one to take care of him apart from his uncle.(=except)

He has done good work,apart from a few slight faults.(=except for)

There can be no knowledge apart from practice.实践出真知.(=without)

(4)excepting =except,但一般用于句首或用于not,without,always等词之后

例如:

Excepting his brother,they are all right.

Everyone,not excepting myself,must share the blame.

All of us,without excepting those who know more about the subject,should study.

All my brothers com here every day,always excepting the youngest.

(5)but与except同义,但but多用在every,any,no等和由这些词构成的复合词如everything,anywhere,nobody等词以后及all,none之后,英语方法《英文语法难点分析:Besides、But、Except》。

例如:

The children go to school everyday but Sunday.

They are all gone but me.

You can get the book anywhere but here.

There is no one but me.

Who but George would do such a thing?

篇5:英文语法难点分析之Besides、But、Except

(1) besides与except

前者表示“除……以外,还有……”;后者表示“从整体中除去……”

这个大家都知道,就不举例子了。

(2)except与except for

a.除去的和非除去的是同类事物,用except。

例如:

All the essays are well written except Nelson's.

除了尼尔森外,其他人的作文都写得很好。

Nelson的文章(除去的)和All the essays(非除去的)是同类事物,所以用except。

b.除去的和非除去的不是同类事物,用except for,并且从语气上通常表示遗憾。

例如:His essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.

他的作文写得不错,就是有一些拼写错误。

a few spelling mistakes(除去的)和His essay(非除去的)是不同类的事物。

(3)apart from 具有多重意义:既可表示besides,也可以表示exept或exept for,还可以表示without的意思。

例如:

Apart from the problem of money, it will take a lot of time.(=besides)

除了钱的问题外,这件事情还很费时间。

The orphan had no one to take care of him apart from his uncle.(=except)

除了他叔叔,没人照顾这个孤儿。

He has done good work, apart from a few slight faults.(=except for)

除去一些小失误,他的`工作做得很好。

There can be no knowledge apart from practice.(=without)

实践出真知.

(4)excepting =except,但一般用于句首或用于not、without、always等词之后

例如:

Excepting his brother, they are all right.

除了他弟弟外,他们都是对的。

Everyone, not excepting myself, must share the blame.

每个人,我自己也不例外,都必须分担咎责。

All of us, without excepting those who know more about the subject, should study.

我们所有人,甚至对这个主题有所了解的人,都必须认真学习。

All my brothers come here every day, always excepting the youngest.

除了最小的弟弟总是不来,我所有的兄弟每天都来。

(5)but与except同义,但but多用在every、any、no等和由这些词构成的复合词如everything、anywhere、nobody等词以后及all、none之后。

例如:

The children go to school everyday but Sunday.

除了星期天,孩子们每天都要去上学。

They are all gone but me.

除我之外,他们都去了。

You can get the book anywhere but here.

除了这里,你可以在任何地方得到这本书。

There is no one but me.

这里除我之外没有别人。

Who but George would do such a thing?

除了乔治,谁会做这种事?

篇6:英文语法难点分析:名词作定语的情况

英文语法难点分析:名词作定语的情况

作定语的`名词往往是说明其中名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。

⒈材料

a diamond necklace

a bamboo pole

paper money

a stone bridge

⒉用途

a meeting room

the telephone poles

the railway staion

trade union

water pipe

welcome speech

eye drops

⒊时间

a day bed

the dinner party

the Apring and Autum Period

evening suit

midday lunch

⒋地点

London hotels

Beijing University

body temperature

the spaceship floor

the kitchen window

⒌内容

a story book

piano lessons

the sports meet

oxygen supply

the air pressure

the grammar rules

⒍类别

children education

enemy soldiers

a bus driver

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