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被感染了猪流感的猪有何症状？中英文对照阅读

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被感染了猪流感的猪有何症状？中英文对照阅读（锦集9篇）由网友“如日方暾”投稿提供，下面是小编为大家整理后的被感染了猪流感的猪有何症状？中英文对照阅读，供大家参考借鉴，希望可以帮助您。

篇1：被感染了猪流感的猪有何症状？中英文对照阅读

Swine Flu in Pigs 猪流感与猪

How does swine flu spread among pigs?

Swine flu viruses are thought to be spread mostly through close contact among pigs and possibly from contaminated objects moving between infected and uninfected pigs. Herds with continuous swine flu infections and herds that are vaccinated against swine flu may have sporadic disease, or may show only mild or no symptoms of infection.

猪流感在猪群中如何传播？

猪流感病毒被认为通过猪之间的近距离接触进行传播，另一种可能的传播方式是携带病毒的物体将病毒从被感染的猪群传播到健康的猪群中。被连续感染猪流感的猪，以及已注射抗流感疫苗的猪会零星地发生流感，或者只出现轻微的感染症状，或者会不出现感染。

What are signs of swine flu in pigs?

Signs of swine flu in pigs can include sudden onset of fever, depression, coughing (barking), discharge from the nose or eyes, sneezing, breathing difficulties, eye redness or inflammation, and going off feed.

篇2：被感染了猪流感的猪有何症状？中英文对照阅读

症状包括突发的发烧，抑郁，咳嗽(吠叫)，鼻子或者眼睛产生排泄物，打喷嚏，呼吸困难，眼红或者眼肿，以及厌食。

How common is swine flu among pigs?

H1N1 and H3N2 swine flu viruses are endemic among pig populations in the United States and something that the industry deals with routinely. Outbreaks among pigs normally occur in colder weather months (late fall and winter) and sometimes with the introduction of new pigs into susceptible herds. Studies have shown that the swine flu H1N1 is common throughout pig populations worldwide, with 25 percent of animals showing antibody evidence of infection. In the U.S. studies have shown that 30 percent of the pig population has antibody evidence of having had H1N1 infection. More specifically, 51 percent of pigs in the north-central U.S. have been shown to have antibody evidence of infection with swine H1N1. Human infections with swine flu H1N1 viruses are rare. There is currently no way to differentiate antibody produced in response to flu vaccination in pigs from antibody made in response to pig infections with swine H1N1 influenza.

While H1N1 swine viruses have been known to circulate among pig populations since at least 1930, H3N2 influenza viruses did not begin circulating among US pigs until . The H3N2 viruses initially were introduced into the pig population from humans. The current swine flu H3N2 viruses are closely related to human H3N2 viruses.

猪流感在猪群中经常发生吗？

H1N1和H3N2猪流感病毒在美国是地区性发作的`，这也是养猪业经常要面对的问题。流感通常在天气寒冷的月份爆发（深秋以及冬季），并且会从猪传播到其他易感染的牲畜当中。研究表明H1N1猪流感在全世界猪群中都比较普遍，并且抗体证据表明有25%的动物被感染过。在美国，有30%的猪被检测出抗体，表明它们被H1N1感染过，而在美国中北部，这个比例是51%。人类感染H1N1猪流感病毒的病例很少见。比较接种猪流感疫苗而产生的抗体与猪抵抗H1N1病毒而产生的抗体，两者到目前为止并没有发现不同之处。

H1N1猪流感病毒早在1930年就被发现在猪群中传播，而H3N2流感病毒则直到才发现在美国传播开来。H3N2病毒一开始是从人身上传染到猪的，现在的H3N2猪流感病毒与H3N2人流感病毒有着很近的相关性。

Is there a vaccine for swine flu?

Vaccines are available to be given to pigs to prevent swine influenza. There is no vaccine to protect humans from swine flu. The seasonal influenza vaccine will likely help provide partial protection against swine H3N2, but not swine H1N1 viruses.

猪流感有疫苗吗？

猪流感疫苗被用于防止猪流感在猪群中传播，但目前没有疫苗来防止猪流感在人群中传播。对人来说，季节性流感疫苗很可能只能提供部分的保护免受H3N2猪流感病毒，但对于H1N1猪流感病毒，该疫苗没有保护作用。

篇3：如何诊断人感染了猪流感？中英文对照阅读

如何诊断人感染了猪流感？中英文

What other examples of swine flu outbreaks are there?

Probably the most well known is an outbreak of swine flu among soldiers in Fort Dix, New Jersey in 1976. The virus caused disease with x-ray evidence of pneumonia in at least 4 soldiers and 1 death; all of these patients had previously been healthy. The virus was transmitted to close contacts in a basic training environment, with limited transmission outside the basic training group. The virus is thought to have circulated for a month and disappeared. The source of the virus, the exact time of its introduction into Fort Dix, and factors limiting its spread and duration are unknown. The Fort Dix outbreak may have been caused by introduction of an animal virus into a stressed human population in close contact in crowded facilities during the winter. The swine influenza A virus collected from a Fort Dix soldier was named A/New Jersey/76 (Hsw1N1).

Is the H1N1 swine flu virus the same as human H1N1 viruses?

No. The H1N1 swine flu viruses are antigenically very different from human H1N1 viruses and, therefore, vaccines for human seasonal flu would not provide protection from H1N1 swine flu viruses.

篇4：如何诊断人感染了猪流感？中英文对照阅读

如果需要诊断A型猪流感，一般需要收集病人最开始4-5天发病期的呼吸道标本，这段时间是病人最有可能传播病毒的时期。但对某些人(特别是儿童)可能在最开始的10天时间(或者更长)就开始传播病毒。如果需要确认A型猪流感病毒，需要将标本送至CDC进行实验室检验。

感染了猪流感的病人有何治疗措施？

现在有4种抗病毒药品被允许在美国治疗流感：金刚烷胺(amantadine)，金刚乙胺（rimantadine），奥塞米韦(oseltamivir)和扎那米韦(zanamivir)。这四种药品对大部分猪流感病毒都有效，但最近从人类分离出来的猪流感病毒对金刚烷胺和金刚乙胺有抗药性。因此，CDC建议使用奥塞米韦和扎那米韦来对猪流感病毒进行治疗和/或预防。

还有其他猪流感病毒爆发的例子吗？

最著名的例子也许是1976年新泽西州迪克斯堡(Fort Dix)在士兵中爆发的猪流感。X光证据证实至少有4名士兵因为猪流感病毒而感染肺炎，1名士兵死亡。所有这些病人之前都是健康的。病毒通过在同一个基本训练组的士兵之间的近距离接触进行传播，而在训练组之外的传播则比较少。该病毒在传播了一个月之后消失，而该病毒的来源，何时传入迪克斯堡，以及限制它传播和存活的因素为何仍然还是个谜。这次流感的爆发很可能是由动物病毒引起的，并且，高压力的人群之间的近距离接触，拥挤的'设施以及在冬季都是它爆发的原因。从福克斯堡士兵中提取的A型猪流感病毒被命名为A/New Jersey/76 (Hsw1N1)。

H1N1猪流感病毒与H1N1人流感病毒是一样的吗？

不是。H1N1猪流感病毒在抗原上与人流感病毒非常不一样，因此，针对人类季节性流感的疫苗不会保护人免受H1N1猪流感病毒的侵袭。

篇5：猪流感有生命危险吗？猪流感Q&A 中英文对照阅读

猪流感有生命危险吗？猪流感Q&A 中英文对照阅读

猪流感有生命危险吗？猪流感Q&A 中英文

Q&A: Swine flu

What is swine flu?猪流感是什么

It is a contagious respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza viruses. Pigs are hit by regular outbreaks. There are many different types of swine flu and the current cases involve the H1N1 strain of type A influenza virus.

How do humans catch it?

While people do not normally catch it, humans can contract the virus, usually if they have been in close contact with pigs. It is also possible for the constantly changing infection to spread from person to person, which has happened in the latest outbreak. Experts believe it spreads in the same way as seasonal flu - through coughing and sneezing.

What are the symptoms?猪流感的症状是什么？

The symptoms of swine influenza in people are similar to the symptoms of regular human seasonal influenza infection and include fever, fatigue, lack of appetite, coughing and sore throat. Some people with swine flu have also reported vomiting and diarrhoea.

What is the difference between swine flu, avian flu and the flu commonly seen in the UK during the winter?猪流感和禽流感的'区别，以及与冬天的流感区别？

Influenza viruses are commonly circulating in the human and animal environment, with different strains causing illness in humans, bird and pigs. Seasonal influenza is caused by viruses that are adapted to spread in humans. Humans have some natural immunity to the strains that are in common circulation, and this immunity can be boosted by immunisation with a vaccine. Avian influenza is caused by influenza viruses adapted for infection in birds. Similarly, swine influenza is caused by influenza viruses adapted for infection in pigs. These illnesses all cause the same respiratory symptoms in sufferers and can be passed between one another.

How dangerous is it?猪流感有多危险？

More than 80 people have died and thousands made ill, in Mexico in particular, although cases have also been reported in the US and New Zealand. However, testing has shown that the antiviral drugs oseltamavir (Tamiflu) and zanamivir (Relenza) appear to be effective against the human swine influenza H1N1 strain,

Why should we be worried about it?我们为什么要担心猪流感？

The World Health Organisation warned the outbreak had “pandemic potential” and countries were advised to step up surveillance and preparation in case the infection spreads rapidly. Flu viruses have the ability to change and mutate, making it difficult for drugs manufacturers to ensure effective vaccines are available. The new version of the H1N1 virus is a mix of different animal and human versions of the disease. Mixing can lead to the development of changed viruses to which humans have little immunity.

What is a pandemic?什么叫流行病？

If the flu spreads over a wide geographic area and affects a large proportion of the population it goes beyond an epidemic and becomes a pandemic. According to the Health Protection Agency, an influenza pandemic is defined as a new or novel influenza virus that spreads easily between humans. When new influenza viruses are introduced into the environment, humans do not have any natural immunity to protect against them. Therefore, there is a risk that that new influenza viruses could develop into a pandemic if the virus passes easily from human-to-human.

Will it spread to the UK?猪流感会传播到英国么？

It is too early to say whether the cases reported so far will lead to a larger outbreak, the HPA said. No cases have been reported in the UK although experts are monitoring the situation closely. Anyone who has recently returned from affected countries should consult a doctor if they notice flu-like symptoms.

What is being done in the UK to prevent the infection?英国目前怎样预防？

The HPA said it is working with the UK government to review the current incident and any threat it poses to UK public health. It advised people to follow general infection control practices and good hygiene to reduce transmission of all viruses. This includes covering their nose and mouth when coughing or sneezing, disposing of dirty tissues promptly and carefully, washing hands frequently with soap and water and cleaning surfaces which are regularly touched.

篇6：猪流感是如何传播的？中英文对照阅读

How does swine flu spread?

Influenza viruses can be directly transmitted from pigs to people and from people to pigs. Human infection with flu viruses from pigs are most likely to occur when people are in close proximity to infected pigs, such as in pig barns and livestock exhibits housing pigs at fairs. Human-to-human transmission of swine flu can also occur. This is thought to occur in the same way as seasonal flu occurs in people, which is mainly person-to-person transmission through coughing or sneezing of people infected with the influenza virus. People may become infected by touching something with flu viruses on it and then touching their mouth or nose.

篇7：猪流感是如何传播的？中英文对照阅读

流感病毒能够直接从猪传染到人，或者从人传染到猪。人被猪感染最常见的情形是人与受感染的猪有近距离接触，例如在猪圈里，或者在市场上展出的猪。人与人的猪流感传播也是可能的，它的传播方式被认为与季节性流感传播的方式一样，即主要通过病人的'咳嗽，打喷嚏的方式在人群之间传播。在接触含有病毒的物体之后再摸嘴巴或者摸鼻子也有可能感染病毒。

What do we know about human-to-human spread of swine flu?

In September 1988, a previously healthy 32-year-old pregnant woman was hospitalized for pneumonia and died 8 days later. A swine H1N1 flu virus was detected. Four days before getting sick, the patient visited a county fair swine exhibition where there was widespread influenza-like illness among the swine.

In follow-up studies, 76% of swine exhibitors tested had antibody evidence of swine flu infection but no serious illnesses were detected among this group. Additional studies suggest that one to three health care personnel who had contact with the patient developed mild influenza-like illnesses with antibody evidence of swine flu infection.

How can human infections with swine influenza be diagnosed?

To diagnose swine influenza A infection, a respiratory specimen would generally need to be collected within the first 4 to 5 days of illness (when an infected person is most likely to be shedding virus). However, some persons, especially children, may shed virus for 10 days or longer. Identification as a swine flu influenza A virus requires sending the specimen to CDC for laboratory testing.

What medications are available to treat swine flu infections in humans?

There are four different antiviral drugs that are licensed for use in the US for the treatment of influenza: amantadine, rimantadine, oseltamivir and zanamivir. While most swine influenza viruses have been susceptible to all four drugs, the most recent swine influenza viruses isolated from humans are resistant to amantadine and rimantadine. At this time, CDC recommends the use of oseltamivir or zanamivir for the treatment and/or prevention of infection with swine influenza viruses.

我们知道多少关于人与人之间的猪流感传播？

在1988年9月，一个之前健康的32岁孕妇因为肺炎住院并于8天后不幸死亡，从她身上检测出了H1N1猪流感病毒。病人在发病的4天前去了一个乡镇市场，那里的猪普遍感染上了类似于流感的疾病。

在随后的调查中，市场上76%的猪农被检出有抗体，证明他们被猪流感感染过，但没有发现这群人感染了严重的疾病。接着，研究发现大约有1-3名与患者接触的医护人员患上了轻微的类似流感的疾病，抗体检测证实他们是感染上了猪流感。

How common is swine flu infection in humans?

In the past, CDC received reports of approximately one human swine influenza virus infection every one to two years in the U.S., but from December through February , 12 cases of human infection with swine influenza have been reported.

这种情况多吗？

在以往，CDC(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention，美国疾病预防与控制中心)在美国平均每1-2年会收到大约1起人感染猪流感的报告，但从12月到2月出现了12例猪流感感染人的病例。

篇8：三分之一猪流感患者未出现发烧症状中英文对照

Many people suffering from swine influenza, even those who are severely ill, do not have fever, an odd feature of the new virus that could increase the difficulty of controlling the epidemic, said a leading American infectious-disease expert who examined cases in Mexico last week. 一名美国顶级传染疾病专家称，许多得了猪流感、甚至猪流感病情很重的人，都没有出现发烧症状。病毒的这种奇怪症状可能会增加控制疫情的难度。他上周在墨西哥检查过猪流感病例。

Fever is a hallmark of influenza, often rising abruptly to 104 degrees at the onset of illness. Because many infectious-disease experts consider fever the most important sign of the disease, the presence of fever is a critical part of screening patients. 发烧是流感的典型症状。在开始发病阶段，体温经常会蹿升至104华氏度。因为许多传染病专家都认为发烧是猪流感最重要的特征，因而在观察病人时确认其是否有烧就十分重要了。

But about a third of the patients at two hospitals in Mexico City where the American expert, Dr. Richard P. Wenzel, consulted for four days last week had no fever when screened, he said.

但是在美国专家Richard P. Wenzel医生前往协助的两家医院里，他观察到三分之一的猪流感病人在观察期间没有出现发烧症状。他上周在墨西哥待了四天。

“It surprised me and my Mexican colleagues, because the textbooks say that in an influenza outbreak the predictive value of fever and cough is 90 percent,” Dr. Wenzel said by telephone from Virginia Commonwealth University in Richmond, where he is chairman of the department of internal medicine.

“这让我和我的墨西哥同事们很惊讶，因为教科书告诉我们，当得了流感时，有90%的几率会出现发烧和咳嗽”，Wenzel医生在手机里说道。他现在在位于里士满的'弗吉尼亚联邦大学，他是那儿的内科学院院长。

While many people with severe cases went on to develop fever after they were admitted, about half of the milder cases did not; nearly all patients had coughing and malaise, Dr. Wenzel said. Wenzel医生还说，许多重症患者在确诊后，随着病情加重还是会出现发烧；不过病情较轻的那一半人却不会出现发烧症状。几乎所有的患者都会出现咳嗽和不适的症状

Also, about 12 percent of patients at the two Mexican hospitals had severe diarrhea in addition to respiratory symptoms like coughing and breathing difficulty, said Dr. Wenzel, who is also a former president of the International Society for Infectious Diseases. He said many such patients had six bowel movements a day for three days. 。

曾任国际传染病学会会长的Wenzel医生同时也说道，两家墨西哥医院的患者中有12%人除了出现诸如咳嗽、呼吸困难等呼吸道症状外，还腹泻得很厉害。许多这样的患者会连续三天，每天排便六次。

Dr. Wenzel said he had urged his Mexican colleagues to test the stools for the presence of the swine virus, named A(H1N1). “If the A(H1N1) virus goes from person to person and there is virus in the stool, infection control will be much more difficult,” particularly if it spreads in poor countries, he said.

Wenzel医生称他已要求其墨西哥同事们检验那些患者们用过的厕所，看其中是否有猪流感――甲型H1N1流感病毒――的存在。“如果甲型H1N1流感病毒在人之间互相传染，并且厕所中也有病毒的话，那么对其传播的控制将会变得非常困难”，特别是其在贫困国家的传播，他说道。

The doctor said he had also urged his Mexican colleagues to perform tests to determine whether some people without symptoms still carried the virus. 他说他还要求了他的墨西哥同事去检验在那些没有临床症状的人中是否携带猪流感病毒。并且也检查了墨西哥国家疫苗项目的病人及数据。他是在主管该项目的Samuel Ponce de León医生的邀请下参与的此项目。。

He also said he had examined patients and data at the invitation of Dr. Samuel Ponce de León, who directs Mexico’s national vaccination program.

Wenzel医生道，墨西哥疫情的不同寻常之处在于其复杂性，“在最近的几个月里，五种不同的流感病毒同时在墨西哥传播。”

Dr. Wenzel said that an unusual feature of the Mexican epidemic, which complicates the understanding of it, was that “in recent months five different influenza viruses have been circulating in Mexico simultaneously.” Wenzel医生访问了墨西哥国家呼吸道疾病医院，，这家医院中患者患肺炎的人数在最近达到了120人/周，而在两年前，每周患病人数才是20人。这显示，猪流感和肺病也有某种联系。

Pneumonia rates at one of the hospitals Dr. Wenzel visited, the National Institute for Respiratory Diseases, reached 120 per week recently compared with 20 per week during the past two years, suggesting a possible relation to the swine flu.

The pneumonias that the flu patients developed did not resemble the staphylococcal lung infections that were believed to be a common complication in the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic, Dr. Wenzel said.

患猪流感病人发展出的肺炎并不是葡萄球菌肺部感染。葡萄球菌肺部感染被认为是1918-19大流感的常见并发症。

He said the two Mexican hospitals were well prepared for an outbreak of respiratory disease. “We have a lot to learn from the Mexican experience,” he said.他称，墨西哥医院已经为呼吸道疾病的爆发做好了准备：“我们能从墨西哥的经验上学到很多。”

For example, when the first cases were detected and the virus seemed particularly severe, Mexican doctors activated a program to allay anxiety among staff members.

比如，当墨西哥出现第一例猪流感患者时，病毒看起来十分厉害。墨西哥的医生们马上在工作人员中激活了减压程序。

Hospital officials made it clear that they would care for staff members, offering them information, a hot line, psychological support and medical examinations.

医院官员们很清楚地表示，他们将会照顾好工作人员，向他们提供信息、一条热线、心理咨询以及医学检查。

“This aspect of epidemic response is not well appreciated in the United States in my estimation, yet is critical for success,” Dr. Wenzel said. “We haven’t put nearly enough into managing fear among health workers.”

“在我看来，美国对疫情反应在这一方面没有做好，但是这对战胜病魔很重要”，Wenzel医生说道：“我们在控制医务工作者的恐惧情绪方面投入得不够。”

Hospital officials had good measures to screen workers and arriving patients, including supplies of alcohol sponges for people to clean their hands. Healthy nonessential workers were told to go home. Hospital officials also made sure there were enough breathing machines and oxygen canisters for patients with respiratory distress.

墨西哥的医院官员们对隔离观察工作人员和病人们的工作有些好方法，比如为人们提供酒精消毒液洗手。医疗辅助人员们被告知回家。墨西哥医院的官员们同样还确保医院有足够的呼吸机以及氧气管，以应对可能出现的病人呼吸道疾病爆发。

篇9：以色列建议猪流感改称墨西哥流感中英文对照阅读

以色列建议猪流感改称墨西哥流感中英文对照阅读

以色列建议猪流感改称墨西哥流感

Flu scourge has a pig of a name for Jewish state

A man feeds pigs at a fair in Paris. It may be called swine flu around the world, but Israel has changed the term in order not to pronounce the name of the animal whose meat is banned by Judaism.

It may be called swine flu around the world, but a senior Israeli official on Monday changed the term in order not to pronounce the name of the animal whose meat is banned by Judaism.

“We will use the term Mexican flu in order not to have to pronounce the word swine,” said Deputy Health Minister Yakov Litzman of the ultra-religious United Torah Judaism party.

Eating pork is prohibited by Judaism, the religion practised by the majority of Israelis. Islam, adhered to by most of Israel's Arab minority, likewise bans the consumption of pork.

Israel has yet to confirm a case of the swine flu epidemic that is believed to have killed more than 100 people in Mexico and has spread to the United States and Europe.

A 26-year-old Israeli man who returned from Mexico last Friday has been hospitalised and authorities are waiting for test results to determine whether he has contracted the potentially deadly strain that the World Health Organisation has warned could reach pandemic proportions.

Another man who had recently returned from Mexico was quarantined on Monday after checking himself into a hospital in the centre of the country complaining of a sore throat, officials said.

The World Organisation for Animal Health said on Monday that the name swine flu is a misnomer as the deadly virus has origins among birds and humans as well as pigs.

可能全世界都称眼下的这场疾病为“猪流感”，但以色列一位高级官员于本周一改变了这一叫法以避免直呼“猪”名，因为以色列的犹太教禁食猪肉。

以色列卫生部副部长雅科夫?利兹曼说：“为了避讳‘猪’这个字眼，我们将使用‘墨西哥流感’这一说法”。雅科夫是极端虔诚的圣经犹太教联盟党成员。

多数以色列人信奉的犹太教禁食猪肉，而生活在以色列的大多数阿拉伯少数民族信奉的伊斯兰教也同样禁食猪肉。

目前以色列尚未确诊猪流感传染病例，据称猪流感已导致墨西哥一百多人死亡，并已蔓延至美国和欧洲。

上周五从墨西哥回国的一名26岁的以色列人已经住院，官方正在等待检查结果，以确定他是否感染了这种潜在致命性疾病，世界卫生组织提醒称这场疾病可能会大范围流行。

以色列有关官员称，另一名刚从墨西哥回国的.男子因咽喉疼痛住进了以色列中部的一家医院，之后他于本周一被隔离。

世界动物卫生组织于本周一称，“猪流感”的说法不够恰当，因为这种致命性病毒的源头不仅存在于猪体内，还存在于禽类和人体内。

★ 如何诊断人感染了猪流感？中英文对照阅读