文章写作怎么安排人物出场（共5篇）由网友“lycamy”投稿提供，以下是小编给大家整理的文章写作怎么安排人物出场，欢迎大家前来参阅。
篇1：文章写作怎么安排人物出场
文章写作怎么安排人物出场
一、环境烘托法
环境包括自然环境和社会环境。在人物出场前借特定的环境加以烘托，这是一种好方法，果戈里在《死魂灵》里写地主泼留希金出场之前，先描绘庄园的败落凄凉，屋内的零乱肮脏以及浮在酒坛里的苍蝇，停了摆的时钟，失掉了光彩的家具等，这一切都暗示着这个庸懒、肮脏的主人生命早已枯竭。
二、人物简介法
在人物出场之前，作者先给人物作简要介绍以激起读者追探下文的浓厚兴趣。如鲁迅在孔乙己出场前就对孔乙己的外貌、衣着、语言、取名来历作了一番介绍，这种介绍对于表现人物身份和思想性格是十分有力的，使读者易于认识人物全貌，是人物出场前的一种铺垫手法。
三、先声夺人法
这种出场法表现为未见其人，先闻其声。它既有扩大声势、造成悬念吸引读者的作用，还能巧妙表现人物性格。如《红楼梦》第三回有一段：一语未了，只听后院中有人笑声，说：我来迟了，不曾迎接远客!黛玉纳罕道：这些人个个皆敛声屏气、恭肃严整如此，这来者系谁，这样放诞无礼?心下想时，只见一群媳妇丫鬟围拥着一个人从后门口进来，这个人打扮与众姑娘不同，彩绣辉煌，犹若神妃仙子这段话很精彩，因王熙凤精明强干，惯于玩弄权术，而成为贾府实际统治者。唯其如此，她才恃宠而骄敢于张狂，她登场前一句话便活画出她的这种特殊身份、地位和性格。
四、目光引出法
在鲁迅的《**》里，赵七爷的出场则是从旁人的`观察中引出来的。小说先从七斤嫂的眼里写起：七斤嫂吃完三碗饭，偶然抬起头，心坎里便禁不住突突地发跳，伊透过乌桕叶，看见又矮又胖的赵七爷正从独木桥上走来，而且穿着宝蓝色竹皮长衫。这赵七爷是什么人?那件竹皮长衫又与七斤嫂的紧张心理有什么关系?这些都能引起读者疑窦。这种出场法，避免了人物与周围环境脱节而陷于单调和板滞，还能显示人物在事件中的特殊地位，给读者留下强烈印象。
五、开篇登场法
契诃夫的《变色龙》就是如此，作者开篇就让人物登台亮相：警官奥楚蔑洛夫穿着新的军大衣，提着小包，穿过市场的广场，他身后跟着一个火红色头发的巡警，端着一个筛子，盛满了没收来的醋栗。寥寥几笔就勾勒出沙皇警犬威风凛凛、恣肆横行的形象，这为下文刻画警官处理狗咬人的案件时欺下媚上、反复无常的丑态垫下基础。
篇2：作文安排人物出场的写作方法
作文安排人物出场的写作方法
一、开篇登场法。
契诃夫的《变色龙》就是如此，作者开篇就让人物登台亮相：警官奥楚蔑洛夫穿着新的军大衣，提着小包，穿过市场的广场，他身后跟着一个火红色头发的巡警，端着一个筛子，盛满了没收来的醋栗。寥寥几笔就勾勒出沙皇警犬威风凛凛、恣肆横行的形象，这为下文刻画警官处理狗咬人的案件时欺下媚上、反复无常的丑态垫下基础。
二、人物简介法。
在人物出场之前，作者先给人物作简要介绍以激起读者追探下文的浓厚兴趣。如鲁迅在孔乙己出场前就对孔乙己的外貌、衣着、语言、取名来历作了一番介绍，这种介绍对于表现人物身份和思想性格是十分有力的，使读者易于认识人物全貌，是人物出场前的一种铺垫手法。
三、先声夺人法。
这种出场法表现为未见其人，先闻其声。它既有扩大声势、造成悬念吸引读者的作用，还能巧妙表现人物性格。如《红楼梦》第三回有一段：一语未了，只听后院中有人笑声，说：我来迟了，不曾迎接远客！黛玉纳罕道：这些人个个皆敛声屏气、恭肃严整如此，这来者系谁，这样放诞无礼？心下想时，只见一群媳妇丫鬟围拥着一个人从后门口进来，这个人打扮与众姑娘不同，彩绣辉煌，犹若神妃仙子这段话很精彩，因王熙凤精明强干，惯于玩弄权术，而成为贾府实际统治者。唯其如此，她才恃宠而骄敢于张狂，她登场前一句话便活画出她的这种特殊身份、地位和性格。
四、目光引出法。
在鲁迅的《**》里，赵七爷的'出场则是从旁人的观察中引出来的。小说先从七斤嫂的眼里写起：七斤嫂吃完三碗饭，偶然抬起头，心坎里便禁不住突突地发跳，伊透过乌桕叶，看见又矮又胖的赵七爷正从独木桥上走来，而且穿着宝蓝色竹皮长衫。这赵七爷是什么人？那件竹皮长衫又与七斤嫂的紧张心理有什么关系？这些都能引起读者疑窦。这种出场法，避免了人物与周围环境脱节而陷于单调和板滞，还能显示人物在事件中的特殊地位，给读者留下强烈印象。
五、环境烘托法。
环境包括自然环境和社会环境。在人物出场前借特定的环境加以烘托，这是一种好方法，果戈里在《死魂灵》里写地主泼留希金出场之前，先描绘庄园的败落凄凉，屋内的零乱肮脏以及浮在酒坛里的苍蝇，停了摆的时钟，失掉了光彩的家具等，这一切都暗示着这个庸懒、肮脏的主人生命早已枯竭。
当然，作品在处理人物出场时，没有某种既定的程式可循，总是从实际生活和人物个性出发，恰当地表现描绘对象。要处理好这一环节，我们必须对生活有深刻的理解、对人物有仔细的观察。
篇3：托福独立写作文章结构如何安排
托福独立写作文章结构如何安排?常见问题及高分思路分享
托福独立写作总分总结构很LOW吗?
说到托福写作的结构，曾有考生问过ETS官方，说中国语文的作文是总分总的结构，托福还是这么写会不会太低端了啊?官方给出的回答是，总分总的篇章安排不叫低端(low)，而叫经典(classic)。我们都说一个写作题目没有标准答案的范文，但是有一个东西可以说是形成了不成文的规定的，那就是一篇好的作文一定是有头有尾、中间细分几段论证的，这一点可以从很多官方给出的范文或是学生的高分文章中得到证实。
托福独立写作到底应该写4段还是5段?
另外，很多考生还存在疑问的一点在于到底一篇文章是写四段还是五段，在小编看来，两种结构各有利弊所在。一般写4段式的同学都是因为主体段只能想出两条理由，实在是想不出第三条理由，只能以1+2+1的结构完成文章。大家都知道一般来说要想拿到不错的分数，一篇新托福议论文需要写到400字左右，那么，如果主体段只写两段，势必需要考生在这两个段落的论证细节上写出更多的内容，否则字数撑不到那么多，而这一点对于很多考生来说恰恰也是很有难度的。相反地，如果写成5段式，貌似就需要考生能想出3条理由进行论证，但事实是，很多考生根本想不到3点理由，能想出2点已经是绞尽脑汁了。在这种情况下，怎么做才是最简易、最轻松的应对办法呢?
小编比较建议大家写5段式的文章，但主体段并不是上文所说的3个理由段，而是采用2+1的模式，即两个理由段，再加一个让步段。关于理由段的写法，将在下文详细分析，在此先重点解释一下让步段到底是什么意思。“让步”字面意思是退一步，那么放到我们作文里，意思就是承认一下反方的观点。西方的文章不太喜欢作者全篇一味强调自己观点的正确性，而是需要作者能适当回应并评价一下反方的观点，这样的文章看起来会更加有说服力。当然，广大考生需要注意的是，小编这里提到的“承认反方观点”指的是“弱弱地承认”，承认过后必须再削弱回去或者说再驳斥回去，只有这样才能更强调出本文观点的准确性，否则读者看起来会有confusion， 也就是为什么一会儿支持自己的观点，一会儿又支持反方观点。
托福独立写作合理结构分配建议
总结一下，笔者推荐的新托福议论文结构为1+3(2+1)+1的模式。第一段总起全文，导入话题并给出本人观点，主体段前两段为理由段，想出两条理由论证正方观点，主体段第三段为让步段，先承认反方观点的合理之处，再削弱此观点，最后一段为总结段，重申本人观点，再做适当的展望。
托福考试作文范例：父母应代替少年儿童作决定吗
托福考试作文题目：
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their older (15 to 18 year-old) teenage children. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
托福考试作文参考分析：
表明立场：这样的做法有一定的道理。支持这样的做法的理由：older teenage children还不够成熟(immature)，考虑不够周全(inconsiderate)，尤其涉及到经济相关的决定时，缺乏独立承担能力(incapable of being independent)。然而，“如何保证parents或者adult relatives所作的决定就是正确的”也是个问题。另外，总是把孩子排除在决定权之外，是否会使孩子变得“没能力做出任何决定”?the ability to make sound decision是人生道路上很重要的能力之一。
托福考试作文范文：
The issue of whether parents or other adult relatives should make important decisions for their teenage children arouses much controversy among people with different perspectives and backgrounds. Some people believe the statement is legitimate, because children are not mature and have not enough experiences to determine the optimal choice. On the other hand, people claim that nobody can control other's life even their parents. People should be responsible for their own behaviors and determine their lives. As far as I am concerned, I would like to refute the former and support the latter. In the following discussing, I would like to address some evidence to substantiate my point of view.
In the first place, the most important reason for me to choose this position is that old teenagers have their own thoughts and ideas. The fact that the thoughts of children are not perfect and logical does not mean their parents have right to eliminate their decision without considering the children's intentions. In the era of rapid social and technological changes leading to increasing life complexity and psychological displacement, the good decision in parents' time would be out of data.
In the second place, the job of parents is not to make decision for their children, but to help them to choose. In this period of 15 to 18 year-old children, they are always radical. If their parents make decisions instead of themselves, they will not obey these decisions. Parents had better told their kids about their opinions, worries and experiences as friends. Give much more room for their kids to think and decide. Respect and believe their kids will choose the better one and will face the result directly.
In sum, considering the aforementioned reasons I support the statement that older teenagers had better make decisions by themselves. Admittedly, our parents are our best and most early teacher. They would give us more important advices to help us choose the best decision.
托福考试作文范例：出国留学经历的利弊分析
托福考试作文题目：
The independent essay usually asks for your opinion about a familiar topic. You will have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your response. Typically, a good essay for the independent topic will require that you write 300–350 words.
Question:
You are planning to study abroad. What do you think you will like and dislike about this experience? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
托福考试作文参考分析：
本题要求考生通过定位，概括和分类仔细审题，就某个问题写一篇感想，或就一个事件进行阐述，解释以及论证自己的观点，列出提纲明确主题并围绕主题来写作和修改文章。
托福考试作文范文：
My mother once told me that she could always find my eyes shining at the mention of going abroad for further education. There is no denying the fact that I have strong desire of my oversea trip and have planed of it for a long period since I began my high school time. In fact, I am only a typical example of those young students who have the some dream. A result of recent survey, released by a famous magazine in my hometown showed that more than 72 percent local high school students has pleasant association with studying abroad. Anyway, such decisions can benefit a young man a great deal while it is not without its problems.
Will oversea colleges and universities, especially those in America, provide Chinese student a more refined education? The data I select over this year leads to me believe that the answer is undoubtedly positive, since those abroad universities, which enjoy high reputations world-widely, have faculty and advanced facility. It is the education with totally different conceptions that will exert positively influence on one by widening his or her horizon, whereby he/she can put him/herself in a favorable position in the future job markets.
Secondly, which is another conspicuous advantage of the oversea life, it can bring one friends from a variety of countries. Seldom can one have an adjust judgement to a remote nation without consorting with the people from that area. As my cousin, who has been living in England for over seven years, pointed out, she learns a lot from her foreign friends.
However, we immature students should be blind to the dilemma we may face toward in the future. Living in a foreign country means one should try hard to adapt him/herself to a new environment and, in addition, probably have to suffer from the segregation with family.
After the both sides of abroad life are viewed, it is time to draw my conclusion. In short, the study in a foreign university will be a precious experience to a young man as long as he/she can overcome the difficulty he/she may encounter.
篇4：托福写作文章结构怎么安排最好
托福写作经典结构——5段式结构
常用iBT文章结构-适用于comparison & contrast essay和argument essay.
不论是comparison & contrast essay还是argument essay，它们的文章结构基本相同。分为3大部分和5段结构(Point-by-Point Format), 也许有人喜欢4段(即Block Format),但就初来乍到者，我还是建议他们使用Point-by-Point Format, 并且依据我老师的经验(Jeff)来看，北美人更加喜欢这种结构(其实因为这些老外每天都要批阅几十篇文章，他们已经不阅读文章的内容，仅仅是审查文章的结构和词汇，他们没有时间去对比Block Format结构中的问题或者论点)，这令我很吃惊，这与国内老师的意见相驳或者相反。
这篇经验我想用一个例子(Coffee and tea)来向大家解释，有可能我的例子不是很好，或者论点有些可笑，不过我想大家还是要记住，老外已经在iBT中说明，他们不关心你的论点(Issue/Top Sentences) 和论据(Details/Evidence)是否合情合理，只关心你的论据(Details/Evidence)是否可以证明你的论点，仅此而已。大家在稍后的文章中可以看到，我的3个论点中的2个比较controversial, 但是，在我的Detail中支持的好就可以了。
首先，谈一谈5段式结构和Body Paragraph的结构：
Introduction Paragraph：Say what you are going to say.
这个我想不用我多说了，就是文章的“引子”，你的文章是否有高分，这个很重要。这样的句子不要出现，例如：In my essay, I will demonstrate…。下面的句子Jeff称之为Ok Sentence,即可以出现的句子，例如：Tea is the best drink in the world. 或者可以使用五星级的句子，例如：Although Coke is becoming more popular, it can not replace China's love of tea.
Background / Definition: 重新描述问题，但是不要使用老外给你的题目原话，这里我可以说，如果你使用了原话，不会对你的文章产生任何不好的影响，只是你不会在这里拿到应该得到的分数而已。你可以写成为 Tea is the most popular hot drink in the world.
Thesis: 中心句，如果文章不是argument essay，请不要直接在句子中表达自己的意见或者用一种General的形式来表达大家的意见, 例如：Tea is the world's favorite drink because it provides health benefits, it is less expensive, and it is available in many varieties.
Forecasting: 见关键词解释。Because后面的3个简单句就是Forecasting。
Body Paragraph I:
Top Sentence: First，Tea is healthier to drink. (OK-Sentence)Jeff推荐的句子Drank by million of people, tea is… (分词开头-ed)，再如：Improving your health, tea is drank…(动名词开头-ing)，又如：For thousands of years, tea is…(General 开头)
Detail: 这个不用多说了，就是要把你的例子举出来了。For example, people who drink tea, live longer, healthier lives than these who drink coffee.
Befriend:这个是重点了，要把拳头收回来。例如：Although coffee is good for your health, it cause heart attacks in large amounts.
Support:这个时候需要你利用你事实作为拳头伸出去，例如：In fact, heart attacks are one of the leading causes of death, so tea is a better drink according to doctor's suggestion.
Concluding Sentence:最后要简单扼要的总结一下，你在这段的论点和论据，其原理就像是简易书架，你只有两边都有支撑的面，你的书才不会向没有支撑面的那边倒去。可能有些朋友认为这个比较麻烦或者多余，不过我还是建议大家要包含这个部分，例如：To sum up, tea is healthier in several ways compared to coffee.
Body Paragraph II: 结构如上述，我就不多说了。
Body Paragraph III: 同上。
Conclusion Paragraph: 关于Conclusion我还是要多说两句，通常老外喜欢用Conclusion作为整篇文章的结尾用词，而用to sum up等作为段落的总结。例如：Despite the fact that coffee consumption is increasing, it will never be as beneficial as tea. Tea is less expensive, comes in more varieties, and is healthier. In conclusion, tea will remain the best drink until humans invent something better.
顺便提及一下，有的朋友会问，是否可以变化一下Body Paragraph的结构，我的建议是不要变化，不信的话，您可以自己尝试一下把你的文章重新排一下，您就会知道这里面的区别了。
再谈一下comparison & contrast essay 和argument essay的区别：
在我看来，它们之间的区别有两点。第一点，作者的视角不同。何谓视角不同?即当你写argument essay的时候，你需要在Introduction Paragraph中的Thesis中表达作者支持哪一方面。第二点，对比方面在文章中所占的份额，即如果你在写comparison & contrast essay时，比例为40%(一方面的优点)和60%(另一方面的优点和缺点)，虽然是comparison & contrast essay, 但是我想作为作者，你怎么也要表达一下自己的意见或者意图，让读者明白你是虽然在作两件事物的比较，但是还是有你的偏好在里面(喜欢Reading的朋友会有这种体会)。在写argument essay 时，比例为10%(敌对方的缺点)和90%(支持方的优点针对敌方缺点和无伤大雅的支持方缺点)。
最后谈一下在我们写作是要注意的问题。
1. 要多使用连接词来转换读者的视角和给出你自己的例子。不要让读者自己通过文章内容来转换视角，这样的文章不适用于考试，而适用于你自己的写作中或者长篇论文中。
2. 通常，我都是在写开头的时候，顺便把文章的结尾一并写好，因为文章开头和结尾的结构相似。可以节省时间。
3. 一定要花时间来检查文章中的词汇是否正确以及必要的时候要用更好的句型来优化你的写作。有很多朋友觉得时间不够，所以不检查自己的文章，我想既然你用键盘输入你的文章，就一定有错误的时候，况且那个时候比较紧张。我作为视计算机为自己一部分的人，每次给客户，朋友和同事回信的时候，我都要检查一下。以免让人家笑话或者引起争议。
托福独立写作文章结构细节讲解 结构清晰文章要这么写
ETS官方如何定义托福独立写作文章结构?
在托福官方指南OG中有一部分关于organization的说明，通过几个问句提醒同学们一篇完整的文章应该要包含几个部分：开头段，主体段和结尾段，并且要分段，结构要清晰。
同学们往往对于每部分要写什么毋庸置疑，但在准备的过程中，往往重视形式大过内容。原则上，在不影响主体段发挥的前提下，开头和结尾的方法以及长度随意(OG中介绍了6种开头方法以及5种结尾方法)，保证关键的信息给出即可;但从大部分同学的实际考试情况来看，开头和结尾总倾向于事先准备好的模板句型;相反，最重要的主体段没有留足够的时间和精力。结果往往捡了芝麻丢了西瓜。所以除非能够灵活运用OG介绍的方法，否则建议同学简化开头和结尾。
OG实例提示考生简化开头结尾段
我们看一下OG书上的一个开头段例子：
The importance of the issue raised by the posed statement, namely creating a new holiday for people, cannot be underestimated, as it concerns the very fabric of society. As it stands, the issue of creating a new holiday raises profound implications for the future. However, although the subject matter in general cannot be dismissed lightheartedly, the perspective of the issue as presented by the statement raises certain qualms regarding practical application.
这个开头段的前两句都在强调话题(create a new holiday)的重要性，属于赘述(redundancy)，第三句并没有很直接给出立场，不符合评分标准中的“有效回答问题”。为了获得一个高分，我们需要避免赘述(redundancy)和偏题(digression)。
其次OG中有个2分的文章，截取每段的第一句话：
In the following, I will illustrate my opinion by two reasons.
First of all, honest make the trust stronger between friends or colleagues.
Secondly, telling a lie always makes things worse not only in work but also in family life.
On the contrary, sometimes it is better to tell a lie to others, such as telling a lie to a patient.
作者想给出2个理由，从正反论证说实话在人际关系中的重要性。而第三段的on the contrary， 看似是对比论证，然而并非是描述”撒谎的弊端“，所以结构上会引起困惑。
托福独立写作结构训练建议分享
关于结构清晰，一方面建议大家不要大片背诵模板句式然后进行堆砌。今年的两场考试中，已经有明确要求Do not use memorized examples.如果不能将模板句式巧妙结合所写文章熟练混迹在自己的语言表达之下，那么建议踏踏实实审题。另一方面，平时可以结合历年真题，多训练开门见山的思维方式，然后根据不同的话题补充相应的词汇短语等语料表达，不至于无话可说。
托福写作结构如何安排
首先由明线入手的思路可以不太讲究结构，这点的评论请看后文;然而由暗线着手的议论却必须注意结构，因为暗线采用的是和题目本身关系不大的视角，写得好是一气呵成发人深省，写得不慎重就会失之毫厘，谬之千里，走题走到天边去。
接上文，仍以题目做示范。笔者第二次拟提纲，以理暗渡，就不能像第一次一样只写论点，而得把首段，论点，甚至每段在整篇文章中的作用也一并写出，才能避免下笔时走题。
首段：民以食为天，食物在人类生活中的重要性不可言喻，就连食物的准备方式也可能极大影响人类文化，进而影响个人生活质量(引入社会心理学，设置暗线，为全文奠定基调)以现代生活实况分析，食品速食化导致人类生活质量下降的趋向比较明显。
第一论证段：(身体健康层面)饮食文化改变，传统有益健康而消耗时间的料理方式被摈弃，垃圾食品大行其市，天人合一，顺应生理规律的文化被断绝。(注：这里因为不是从营养，而是从生物规律论述对身体的影响，所以前文所论的paradox此处可不考虑)
第二论证段：从速食流行原因论证人类行为文化改变， 高节奏的高压生活必然促使身体早衰(身体与心理健康两个层面综合)
第三论证段：(心理健康层面)行为高速化也会导致对情感的无法顾及甚至冷漠，人类情感文化变化，并且朝不利方向。
结尾(这在提纲里其实可有可无，提纲毕竟只是具体化的思路，并不是成文。依照文章具体的论证手法，内容，结尾可以个有千秋，只要把握住一条，符合全文主旨，就可以了，提纲里就算写了，很多时候也是无用功)
用题目分析到这里，文章连雏形都已经出来了，可是究竟什么是结构呢?
回到“文章是被记录下来的表达”这个原则。结构既然是写作的必须注意事项，就必然帮助表达。对于一篇议论，作者必须大量旁征博引才能令人信服得表述自己的观点，这其中牵扯着概念的重要性顺序-----用来证明全文立场的概念是论点，是最重要的概念;用来证明论点的概念是佐证，是次等重要的概念。
所谓结构，最基本的用途是将文章所有用入的概念分段，一个论点与它的所有佐证为一段，不能佐证证明的是第二论点，却在第一论点的段落。-------这就是所谓的unity.
结构的第二用途仍然是帮助表达，从逻辑思路方面。好的议论能抓住人心，令人信服，首先必须让人能看懂作者的思路，让你说明在学习场所安装电视有无弊端，你却一会说电视节目的差异，一会说学生的素质如何，读者不知所云，自然不会被你说服。每个段落和论题的联系。作者本人知道并没有用，必须表现出来。说完节目差异加一句“不同节目对学生的利弊不同，不可一概而论”，讲过学生素质补充“素质差的学生群体使学习场所吵杂，安不安电视影响都不大”，将论点间，论点和论题间紧密结合起来，保证文章思路流畅，明白易懂，就是结构中过渡句的功效，使得行文达到ETS要求的progression和coherence。
具体把结构落实在IBT独立作文上，就是两点。
1.会分段。要清楚自己的行文思路，知道自己有几个论点。首段表明论点，废话不要讲。论证一段一个论点，不可以交叉。一个论段里要有论点句，其它所有句子都为论证这个点，废话不要讲。尾段总结论点共性，映证首段观点，废话不要讲……
2.会过渡。要记住必须过渡。要明白你为什么过渡-----如果这个过渡不证明论点和论题间的关系，而证明论点间的关系，要确定这个新论点也能证明论题。你的过渡不是为自己的文章过渡，而是帮读者的思维过渡，引领他们走进新的思维，所以必须确认过渡的方向，你是否正带着你的读者而离开你的论题。
从这两点观测，笔者在前文提到的明线(支持论题)贯穿的思路在拟提纲时不需要注意结构，就好解释了。因为明线的论点注定不会跑题，不用太在意过渡问题，只要分段恰当就可以了，而这点，下笔时留神就足够了。
托福写作：结构的重要性
托福写作都知道有评分标准，要知道托福考试写作非常重视的一点就是内容的质量，不过这里也提醒大家托福作文结构问题也要重视起来，很多人可能忽略了这个问题，下面就来看看关于结构的一些问题。
在托福考试写作的官方指南中明确提到，出题方希望考生能够在开始托福写作前，重读阅读文章并通过和听力笔记的对比，完成一份简单的提纲性材料。(Before you start writing, briefly reread the passage, consult your notes, and make a very brief outline of the points you wish to make.)
因此，我们很清楚的能够看出，出题方对于考生提出的第一个最基本的要求是希望考生能够给出的是一篇托福作文结构清晰和合理的作文，而这一点在之后的范文分析上能够更清楚的得到肯定，在“指南”所给出的五分范文的评价中，很明确的表示了对于工整和清晰的文章结构的赞赏。(The writer is very specific and has organized his points so that they are parallel with one another: in each of the supporting paragraphs, the lecturer’s observation of what really happened is given first, then explicitly connected to a theoretical point from the reading.)
篇5：托福写作文章结构设置安排方法实例讲解
As the technology of public transportation keeps advancing, more citizens can choose to dwell in the cities that are beneficial to their own development. Inevitably, there occurs a controversy whether moving to a new city or country will lead to the rupture of relationship among friends. From my perspective, I think the statement is not sensible.
Firstly, moving to a new country or city will not result in the loss of old friends. To be more specific, the maintenance of friendship doesn’t lie in how far they live with each other and the development of technology has diversified the ways of interacting with friends. The invention of cellphones break the shackles caused by distance and overseas students can choose to communicate with their family members and friends through a variety of Apps like WeChat that makes video calls possible. Except for that, by looking at the pictures popping up all over the social media like Facebook, people can easily capture what is happening to their friends. For instance, my friend Selina took selfie in the Sydney Opera House a week ago and I would learn that she was having fun in the Australia with her picture posted on the Instagram. Therefore, a wide range of advanced electronic gadgets can be used to sustain friendship.
Moreover, instead of losing old friends, city migrants can even enlarge their social circles and achieve more success. Restricted in a city for a long period, people may be trapped in a situation that would block their development and they can gain refreshing experience while immigrating to a new city. My friend of Mine named Michael served as a Market Analyst in a renewed company in Beijing. However, he couldn’t see any progress in recent years and then an opportunity comes out. Because of his five-year working experience, a foreign trade cooperation tried to recruit him as the Market Analyst because the firm was planning to start a new program. Then he grasped the chance and earn a challenging life that he likes even though he was required to work in Shanghai. Our relationship have not experienced any interruption and his strong ability of being adapted to the new environment helps him to make lots of new friends. Accordingly, moving to a new city can, occasionally, help to break the deadlock in our professions.
Admittedly, it can be sensible that friends can be estranged owing to the long distance with each other. Specifically speaking, the chances to meet with each other will be limited a lot. However, as I just put, for one thing, people can talk with each other through various social network software. For another thing, the distance between cities is not a problem anymore since there have been many public transportation tools like the high-speed trains and airplanes that will lead us to anyplace we try to go in a very short period.
In a word, moving to a new city or a new country is good choice under some circumstance. Besides, the highly developed technology can help to strengthen the relations with our friends and the possibilities of living a different life and achieving success can both explain why I stand by the statement that it is a good thing to move.
托福写作模板:如何提升社区环境
2016年9月3日托福独立写作真题：
What is the most useful action for people to help environment in their local communities?
1. Plant trees and create parks
2. Persuade local shops to stop providing plastic bags for consumers
3. Increase access to public transportation (such as buses and trains), and reduce the automobiles on roads
托福写作范文参考:
2016年9月3日托福独立写作范文：
With the sense of community becoming much stronger, how to protect the environment of local communities has never failed to attract the attention of the general public. Therefore, when it comes to which is the most feasible measure to help environment, among planting trees and building parks, encouraging local shops to stop using plastic bags, and improving public transportation, people's notions may vary from one to another. Towards such a long-running tug-of-war, I am inclined to claim that the first option is the best.
Firstly, growing trees and constructing parks can definitely help to ameliorate the environment. For one thing, more trees will contribute to the improvement of the air quality of the whole neighborhood. As is common sense, the prosperous industrial development has produced large amounts of waste gas, with the result that the haze and smoggy weather shroud quite frequently the major cities in our country. The current air condition necessitates the planting of trees, which can purify the contaminated air to a large extent. In other words, trees, the lung of the earth, play a vital role in absorbing some harmful gas and producing more fresh air through photosynthesis. For another, the public parks can be helpful to increase the biodiversity of the local community. Accompanying the rapid urbanization, an increasing number of natural lands have been utilized for constructing factories, shopping mall and skyscrapers, which greatly diminishes the natural habitats of animals, such as birds and squirrels. In this case, parks become the only place which can serve as habitats for those animals. Accordingly, the species of animals living here can become more diverse.
In addition, there are certain limitations for the other two options. Admittedly, reducing the use of plastic bags and making public transportation more accessible may also be conducive to the environmental protection in some degrees. To illustrate, if the plastic bags are prohibited, the so-called white pollution will be relieved. Also, easier access to public transportation means less use of private cars, which leads to the reduction of car exhaust. However, in comparison to planting trees and building parks, the above two measures enjoy less popularity among the residents of the community and thus are unlikely to be implemented. The underlying reason is that growing trees and constructing parks can create a more comfortable living environment while the other two choices can bring about more inconvenience. To be more specific, if shops stop the use of plastic shopping bags, the customers have to take a cloth bag while shopping. Also, taking public transportation will take longer time than driving the private cars, which means that commuters have to get up much earlier than before. It is self-evident that whether a policy can be carried out directly determines its effect, which is especially true of the above situation.
Taking what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that the most effective way of protecting environment in local communities is to plant trees and create parks.
托福写作模板:了解跟你观点相反的人更重要
2016年8月27日托福独立写作题目
It is more important to read and watch news presented by people whose opinion is different from your own view than by people whose opinion are similar to yours.
托福写作范文参考:
★ 高中优秀教案语文
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