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篇1：爱迪生英文简介
托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生人物生平
Bitter music childhood
Helpless move
In 1854, there was a great impact on his development, the south bank of Lake Erie opened along the lake railway, making the Milan Canal merchant business greatly reduced, Edison father's business has no way to maintain it, because a life Gradually difficult, in order to seek another development, the Edison family moved to this, they left Milan moved to the northern suburbs of Port Huron, Michigan, Glatti Ott Castle began a new life, moved to the new home soon, Edison suffered scarlet fever.
Drive out the school
In 1855, he began to go to school, that school only one class, principals and teachers are Mr. Engel. Because Edison has the root of the question, in the class often often ask the teacher questions some alternative problems (such as: how the wind is generated; plus one why is equal to two instead of four), just three months time, was the teacher to “Low energy” in the name of the school.
Also division also mother
Because the mother Nancy was a teacher of a women's school, is a rich educational experience, she does not think their children are “low energy”, so Nancy himself taught Edison. According to Nancy weekdays to observe, Edison is not only “low energy”, and often show talent. Nancy often let Edison do experiments themselves, once talked about Galileo's “Leaning Tower Experiment”, Nancy let Edison to his home next to the tower to try, Edison took two sizes and weights of different balls At the same time from the tower on the cast, the results of two goals at the same time landing, Edison feel very magical and excited to tell the mother of experimental results, the experiment also engraved in Edison mind.
Reading books
Because of the good educational methods of the mother, Edison realized the importance of the book. He is not only a group of books, but also a ten lines and never forget. Edison under the guidance of his mother read the British Renaissance writers Shakespeare, Dickens's writings and many important historical books, such as Edward Gibbon's “Roman Empire decline history”, David Hume's “British history”, he also Having read some of Thomas Paine's writings, Edison was attracted by the insights of the book and had always influenced his life.
Research chemistry
In 1857,
Edison began to have an interest in chemistry, and he experimented with textbooks in his own cellar, and often made frequent accidents.
In 1859, Edison in order to have enough money to buy chemicals and laboratory equipment, he began to find a job to make money, after some effort he found the work of the newspaper on the train, every day between the Port Huron and Detroit, his side Selling newspapers also side by side with fruit, vegetable business, but as long as a free he will go to the library to read.
In 1861, Edison bought an old press with his earned newspaper and began publishing his weekly magazine, Herald, which was printed on the train. He was president, journalist, publisher, and Printing workers and newsboy. There was a lounge on the train that Edison had worked because the air was not in circulation, so nobody went to rest and became empty. Because Edison every day in the train on the rush, every day late to go home, often feel that time is not enough, Edison that if the lounge to the laboratory, then return to Port Huron on the way, you can do the experiment, With the consent of the conductor, the unmanned lounge became Edison's lab. Although the experiment was a lot easier, but the accident also often occurred, once his laboratory chemicals suddenly caught, causing the loss, the train length of his experimental equipment was thrown out of the car.
growing phase
Telegraph life
One day in August 1862, Edison saved a boy on the train track, and the father of the child was the owner of the railway station, McKenzie, and was very grateful to teach Edison telegraph technology in Mackenzie's Under the guidance of Edison learned telegraph technology and issued his first telegram.
In 1863, Edison was introduced by McKenzie, who served as telecom operator at the mainline railway station, but did not take long to be fired.
In 1864 to 1867, Edison in the United States as a service officer, living a wandering life, life is not guaranteed, during which Edison changed ten work locations, five was removed from office, the other five is his resignation, footprints To Stella Ford, Adrian, Fort Wayne, Indianapolis, Cincinnati, Nashville, Tennessee, Memphis, Louisville, Huron.
The first patent
At the end of 1868, Edison came to Boston as a teller, and in the same year he won the first invention patent, a device that automatically records the number of votes, that is, “voting counter”, Edison believes that this device will speed up Congress And will be welcomed by a congressman who told him that he was slowly voting and politically needed, so Edison decided not to create an invention that people did not need.
Find the direction
In late autumn of 1869, Edison came to work in New York, but when he was looking for a job in a company, it happened that a telegraph was broken, and Edison soon repaired the telegraph and received the general manager Of the appreciation, the results he became a total telegraph technician, with a stable working environment and wages, for his later invention provides a good condition. In October of the same year, Edison and Franklin Pope co-founded the “Pope - Edison” company, specializing in electrical engineering scientific instruments, at the same time invented the ordinary printing press.
Invention and entrepreneurship
The first pot of gold
In 1870, Edison sold the patent for the press to a Wall Street company, let the manager out of a price, would like to ask for thousands of dollars is enough, the manager actually gave Edison forty thousand dollars. Edison received $ 40,000 to build a factory in Ward Street, WACKER, New Jersey, to manufacture all kinds of electrical machinery.
In 1873, Edison was put into the study of synchronous dispatchers.
In December 1874, the research work of the Synchronous Sentinel was nearing completion, and Western Union had promised to pay $ 5,000 for Edison and offered $ 25,000 to pay $ 233 a day for each of the equipment Line costs, but the Western Union failed to practice, and ultimately Jay Gould to $ 300 acquisition of the simultaneous launch of the patent, so Edison had a storm.
At the end of 1875, Edison was about to celebrate the birth of the second child, feeling the room was too narrow at home, the narrow streets of the Newark factory, the noisy environment also affected the work of the researchers, Edison finally relocated determination.
In early 1876, Edison moved to Monroe Park, New Jersey, where he built a laboratory.
Gramophone was born
In 1877, Edison improved the phone that was invented by Alexander Bell, and put it into practical use, and soon opened the telephone company. Edison and Bell, two hostile companies in London, launched a fierce competition. In the process of improving the phone, found the microphone in the diaphragm, with the sound and vibration, he found a needle, erected on the membrane board, gently press the top of the hand, and then speak to the membrane, the sound The speed of the level of the short needle corresponding to produce different changes in the quiver, Edison draw the sketch for this assistant to make the machine, and then after several transformation, the first phonograph was born.
Study the light
In September 1878, Edison began to study the lights, but because of Edison's economic problems had to find financial support, so the establishment of a joint-stock company in order to provide financial support for the experiment, and soon Loree found several shareholders, they are willing to pay for Edison research Light. But Edison often failed, and soon ran out of fifty thousand dollars run out, part of the shareholders of the faith began to shake, Edison hard to persuade the shareholders decided to take fifty thousand dollars to support Edison.
October 21, 1879, the successful development of light, he tried to close the 1600 kinds of materials for testing, continuous use of 45 hours after the lamp filament was burned, which is the first human has a wide range of practical value Of the light, this light has a “high resistance incandescent”, “carbonized cotton light” a variety of names, made of carbonized cotton.
In 1880, Edison dispatched assistants and experts in the world to find the application of bamboo, there are about six thousand, of which the Japanese bamboo made of carbon wire is the most practical, sustainable lighting for more than a thousand hours, to achieve the purpose of durability The lamp is called “carbonized bamboo light”.
In 1881, at the Paris World Expo, Edison exhibited a weight of 27 tons, for 1200 lights lighting power generation equipment.
In 1883, Edison in a light test observed in the bulb, a separate copper wire, that can prevent the evaporation of carbon wire to extend the lamp life, after repeated tests, although the evaporation of carbon wire, but he was from the failure Found that carbon wire heating, the copper line as much as a weak current through, and later this phenomenon is called “Edison effect”, 1904 British physicist Fleming according to “Edison effect” invented the tube.
Heavy twists and turns
In 1884, Edison applied for the “Edison effect” of the patent, but he did not carry out the next step. Nicholas Tesla with the employer Charles Bachler's letter of recommendation (which generally: I know there are two great people, you are one of them, the other is the young man.) Came to New York , Went to Edison's lab job, Edison immediately hired Tesla to arrange for him to work at Edison Machinery. Tesla began to make a simple electrical design for Edison, he progressed quickly, helping the company solve many problems. But Tesla believes that the power supply to the user, the AC should be better than the DC, and that they can create an alternator, but Edison does not agree with Tesla's view, he believes that DC is better and more secure than AC.
In 1885, Tesla proposed to redesign the invalid DC generators in Edison, and Edison agreed and said that if it could be done, give Tesla fifty thousand dollars. After the success of Tesla, Edison said just opened a “American joke”.
In 1886, Tesla's disagreement with Edison's scientific philosophy and his obstruction at the time of his resignation left Edison's company, and he created the “Tesla Electric and Electric Manufacturing Company” to begin researching AC, while Edison's company was Operated by direct current, so Tesla became Edison's biggest competitor.
In 1887, Edison founded the “Edison Gramophone Company”, the use of phonograph technology profit, then the phonograph can record the sound on the wax tube, however, the wax is difficult to achieve mass production sales are limited, in order to improve the lack of Edison phonograph The company's rival, Columbia Records, designed and sold a more compact record, and produced faster than the wax tube.
In 1888, Edison began to study the “photo of the event”, thanks to the continuous film technology produced at that time, Edison from the hands of George Eastman will buy back to the film, the laboratory assistant to study.
In 1889, in the machinery exhibition hall of the Paris Expo, the most popular is Edison's invention work stand, people in order to listen to the phonograph and row for a long time team, and incandescent lamp is also very prominent in the Expo, Edison To the French photographer Etienne Jules Ma Lei invented a continuous display of the device, as well as George Eastman invented a new type of photographic film, Edison on the use of visual retention phenomenon, began to study the film machine.
May 20, 1891, Edison for the first time in the laboratory display and public screening of the activities of the film projector technology, which is made using the phenomenon of visual retention.
Because AC is more suitable for long-distance transmission, more competitive than direct current, and more costly lower profits, Edison Electric Company gradually lost market share, the financial situation has deteriorated dramatically. In 1892, under the auspices of the US “financial giants” Morgan, Edison General Electric merged with Tom Johnson Electric Power Company, removing “Edison” and becoming “General Electric Company”, Edison sadly out.
After the merger, Edison turned to mining, he spent money in New Jersey to buy thousands of acres of low-grade iron ore, invented a giant machine crushed ore. Edison uses a new beneficiation method, not only iron ore quality than the old-style machinery production is better, and the price is much lower. He is optimistic that no less than seven or eight years, you can produce an annual value of 10 million -12 million US dollars of ore, net profit of three million dollars.
Unfortunately, in 1898, Minnesota found a lot of iron ore, iron ore not only high grade, wide distribution, and can be open pit mining, low cost, iron ore prices steep one-third, so Edison You have to lose production, two million dollars of investment hit the water, 51-year-old Edison not only exhausted all the property, but also bear a lot of debt.
The mining business failed, Edison turned to the cement industry - he came from the mine limestone, the use of mining iron ore crushed ore crushed. Compared with other cement plants, Edison's cement plant is the most important feature than the full use of mechanical power plant, his cement factory high profits, 1905, the cement plant to become one of the five major cement plants, and Edison mining iron ore Under the debt of three years all the pay off.
The generator can provide enough power, but the generator is not easy to carry, which is its fly in the ointment, while the battery and generator are lighter than that, but only for a short time, so Edison is determined to develop a new battery. In 1900, Edison began to study the battery.
In 1902, Edison invented the “nickel-iron alkaline batteries”, this battery is made of nickel, iron and alkaline solution, he used iron-nickel alkaline batteries for vehicle power test, each charge a power, travel up to 100 miles from.
In 1903, Edison's company filmed the first film “train robbery” (also known as “train robbery”).
In 1904, Edison began selling new batteries in Silver Lake, New Jersey, and soon the battery was put into production and sold well, but soon after the user found several serious problems with the battery - in the vehicle driving, the battery chemistry The liquid will flow out; many batteries also appeared in the power attenuation situation. So Edison immediately shut down the factory and cut off the battery, and look for the source of battery leakage.
In 1909, Edison finally developed a better performance of the battery.
On August 27, 1910, Edison announced to the public that the voice of the phonograph and the images on the film camera were one of the inventions.
In 1915, Edison won the Nobel Prize nomination for physics and the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.
In January 1917, Edison was invited by the Minister of the Navy Joseph Joseph Daniels to study the planned and exploited inventions of the United States if he participated in the First World War. Thus, Edison entrusted his own affairs to his own deputies and colleagues, and stopped his other experimental work being carried out, devoted to discussing the battle plan and developing some of the inventions needed for war, which lasted two years.
Although Edison began to focus on record production in 1913, Edison still continued to promote the filament product, which led to his recording failure - in 1929, Edison Gramophone Company closed down.
elderly life
Multiple illnesses
October 21, 1929, is the 50th anniversary of the invention of light, people celebrated for Edison, Germany, Albert Einstein and France, Mary Curie and other scientists have come to congratulate, unfortunately, in this During the celebration, when Edison spoke, due to excessive excitement, suddenly fainted in the past, from his body deteriorating. August 1, 1931, Edison feel discomfort, the doctor diagnosed, he also suffered from chronic nephritis, uremia, diabetes.
Resignation
At 18:31 on October 18, 1931, Edison died in his sleep in his home in West Orange, New Jersey, at the age of 84. In order to commemorate Edison, the US government has ordered the national power outage for 1 minute, at 21:59 on October 21, Hollywood, Denver lights; 7:59 US Eastern power outage for a minute; 8:59, Chicago tram, elevated subway Stop running; from the Mississippi River Basin to the Gulf of Mexico into a dark; New York Statue of Liberty in the hands of the torch at 9:59 off. In this minute, the United States seems to have returned to the kerosene lamp, gas lamp era, a minute later, from the east coast to the west coast and brightly lit.
托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生人物评价
The 31st president of the United States, Hoover: “He is a great inventor and a benefactor of mankind.
Calmly face everything around, optimistic about life until death, which is Edison's attitude of life.
Edison's education is extremely low, the contribution of mankind is so great, in addition to his curious heart, an instinct to test himself, that is, he is beyond the hard work of ordinary people's infinite energy and courage.
Edison in 84 years of life there are so many inventions, has been sustained, dedicated to the invention, he in addition to the phonograph, lights, telephone, telegraph, film and other aspects of invention and contribution, in the mining, construction, chemical and other fields also A lot of creation and insight, he made a great contribution to the civilization and progress of mankind.
爱迪生英文简介相关
篇2：关于爱迪生的简介
关于爱迪生的简介
托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生(Thomas Alva Edison，1847年2月11日—1931年10月18日)，出生于美国俄亥俄州米兰镇，逝世于美国新泽西州西奥兰治。发明家、企业家。
爱迪生是人类历史上第一个利用大量生产原则和电气工程研究的实验室来进行从事发明专利而对世界产生重大深远影响的人。他发明的留声机、电影摄影机、电灯对世界有极大影响。他一生的发明共有两千多项，拥有专利一千多项。 爱迪生被美国的权威期刊《大西洋月刊》评为影响美国的100位人物第9名。
关于爱迪生的主要成就
留声机
1877年，爱迪生发现电话传话器里的膜板随着说话声会引起振动的现象，便拿短针作了试验，从中得到很大的启发。说话的快慢高低能使短针产生相应的不同颤动。那么，反过来，这种颤动也一定能发出原先的说话声音，于是他开始研究声音重发的问题。
8月15日，爱迪生让助手按图样制出一台由大圆筒、曲柄、受话机和膜板组成的“怪机器”，制成之后，爱迪生取出一张锡箔，卷在刻有螺旋槽纹的金属圆筒上，让针的一头轻擦着锡箔转动，另一头和受话机连接，然后爱迪生摇动曲柄，对着受话机唱歌，之后把针又放回原处，再摇动曲柄，接着机器就回放出爱迪生的声音。12月，爱迪生公开展示这台“锡箔筒式留声机”，轰动了全世界。
电灯
与人们通常的认识恰恰相反，最初电灯的发明者不是爱迪生，爱迪生是改进了电灯。早在18，英国一位名叫汉弗里·戴维的化学家就在实验室中用铂丝通电发光;18，他又发明了用两根通电碳棒之间发生的电弧而照明的“电烛”，这算是是电灯的最早雏形。另一位英国电技工程师约瑟夫·斯旺经过近30年的研究，于1878年12月制成了以碳丝通电发光的真空灯泡。
当年有关斯旺的电灯泡的报道给了爱迪生以很大启发。1879年10月，爱迪生终于成功制成了以碳化纤维作为灯丝的白炽灯泡，称之为“碳化棉丝白炽灯”，随后大量投产，并成立公司设立发电站和输电网等相应基础设施，很快使电灯在美国被普遍使用。期间，他不断改进技术，最终确定以钨丝作为灯丝，称之为“钨丝灯”，并定型使用至今，爱迪生也由此成为公认的电灯发明者。
电影方面
活动电影摄影机
1889年，爱迪生发明了一种活动电影摄影机，这种摄影机用一个尖形齿轮来带动19毫米宽的没打孔的胶带，在棘轮的控制下，带动胶带间歇移动，同时打孔。这种摄影机由电机驱动，遮光器轴与一台留声机连动，摄影机运转时留声机便将声音记录下来，并且可以连续拍摄图像。
活动电影放映机
1891年，爱迪生发明了活动电影放映机，是早期电影显示设备，引入了电影放映的基本方法，通过在光源前使用发动机来高速转动带有连续图片的电影胶片条，从而产生活动的错觉，光源将胶片上的图片投射到银幕。
有声电影
1910年，爱迪生发明了一部由留声机和摄影机组合而成的电影摄影机，在电机能量下，摄影机的遮光曲轴与留声机连动，摄影机运转时留声机就能够记录下声音。放映时，留声机就随画面同步运转，使得声音和图像实现同时出现。
关于爱迪生的轶事典故
天真好奇孵小鸡
有一次，到了吃饭的时候，仍不见爱迪生回来，父母很焦急并四下寻找，直到傍晚才在场院边的草棚里发现了他。父亲见他一动不动地趴在放了好些鸡蛋的草堆里，问爱迪生在干什么，小爱迪生回答说在孵小鸡呀，原来，他看到母鸡会孵小鸡，觉得很奇怪，总想自己也试一试。当时，父亲又气又笑地将他拉起来，告诉他人是孵不出小鸡来的。在回家的路上，他还迷惑不解地问：“为什么母鸡能孵小鸡，我就不能呢?”
初尝试验
在爱迪生小的时候，他经常到邻居缪尔·温切斯特的家的碾坊玩。一天，他在温切斯特家的碾坊看见温切斯特正在用一个气球做一种飞行装置试验，这个试验使爱迪生入了迷，他想，要是人的肚子里充满了气，一定会升上天。几天后，爱迪生把几种化学原料配在一起，拿给父亲的帮工迈克尔·奥茨吃，爱迪生告诉迈克尔·奥茨吃了这种东西人就会飞起来，结果奥茨吃了爱迪生配制的“飞行剂”后几乎昏厥过去。爱迪生因此受到了父亲的鞭打和小朋友父母们的警惕，劝告自己的孩子不要与爱迪生玩并远离他。
临终遗言
当爱迪生弥留之际，医生和爱迪生的许多亲友都围坐在他的床前，眼看他的呼吸已越来越微弱，心脏终于停止了跳动。可就在医生要宣布他死亡之际，他却突然又坐了起来，说了一句很奇怪的话：“真是想不到，那边竟是如此的美丽。”讲完这句话之后，他便与世长辞。
篇3：爱迪生的故事英文
Edison inventing the light bulb did not 1500 many experiments to find suitable lamp filament material, it was ridiculed, he said: ”Mr. Edison, you have failed in 1500 many times.“ Edison replied: ”No I have not failed, I have done is found in more than 1500 kinds of materials are not suitable for the filament lamp. “After further testing, Edison found that the Japanese use bamboo charcoal for the best filament. Until 1906, Edison has to do to switch to tungsten, so that the quality has improved light bulb, has been in use to this day.
爱迪生发明电灯做了一千五百多次实验都没有找到适合做电灯灯丝的材料,有人嘲笑他说：“爱迪生先生,你已经失败了一千五百多次了.”爱迪生回答说：“不,我没有失败,我的成就是发现一千五百多种材料不适合做电灯的灯丝.”经过进一步试验,爱迪生发现用炭化后的日本竹丝作灯丝效果最好.直到19,爱迪生又改用钨丝来做,使灯泡的质量又得到提高,一直沿用到今天.
篇4：爱迪生的故事英文
One day Thomas Edison came home and gave a paper to his mother. He toldher, ”My teacher gave this paper to me and told me to only give it to mymother.“
His mother’s eyes were tearful as she read the letter out loud to her child:
Your son is a genius. This school is too small for him and doesn’t have enoughgood teachers for training him. Please teach him yourself.
After many, many years, after Edison’s mother died and he was now one of thegreatest inventors of the century. One day he was looking through old familythings. Suddenly he saw a folded paper in the corner of a drawer in a desk. Hetook it and opened it up.On the paper was written: Your son is addled [mentallyill] and cannot think clearly. We won’t let him come to school any more.
Edison cried for hours and then he wrote in his diary: “Thomas Alva Edisonwas an addled child that, by a hero mother, became the genius of the century.”
有一天，托马斯·爱迪生回家给了母亲一封伩。他对母亲说，“是老师给了我这封伩，对我说只能交给母亲。”
母亲含着泪水大声地把信读给她的孩子听：你的儿子是个天才。这个学校实在太小容不下他，没有足够的好教师来教育他。请你自己教他吧。
许多年之后，爱迪生母亲去世。此时爱迪生已成为该世纪的最伟大发明家之一。有一天，爱迪生在家里翻寻旧东西，他在桌子抽屉的角落里看见一张折叠的纸。他取出打开来看。纸上写道：你儿子 头脑有问题(精神病)，思路不清。我们不让他再来学校了。
爱迪生看后哭了好几个小时，他在他的日记中写道：“托马斯·阿尔瓦·爱迪生是个头脑有问题的孩子，而经过一个英雄的母亲的培育，成为了这个世纪的天才。”
篇5：爱迪生的故事英文
Edison was born in Ohio on February 11, 1847.His father is a farmer, his mother was a village teacher. The small Edison curious every question, what want to try it by himself.When he was 5-year-old, one day after breakfast, the parents found that he was lost until the evening before the huts where the presence of the yard to find him. At this point, he was engrossed squatted in a chicken coop. ”You drill doing in this dirty place?“ The father asked. ”I'm hatching chicks.“ Edison replied. ”How can you hatched chicken?“ Father dumbfounding. ”No, can hatch!“ Edison argued that, ”the hen is hatching chicks.“ ”You hens?“ The father pulling him out of the chicken coop. ”Why hen hatched chicks, I can not do?
1847年2月11日，爱迪生出生在美国俄亥俄州，他的父亲是个农民，母亲曾是一位乡村老师。 小爱迪生好奇善问，什么事都想亲自试一试。5岁的时候，有一天早饭以后，父母发现他不见了，直到傍晚，才在场院边的草棚里找到了他。此时，他正全神贯注地蹲在鸡窝里。 “...
★ 清华园随笔
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