SAT作文分经验(合集24篇)由网友“一口菠萝蜜”投稿提供,下面是小编整理过的SAT作文分经验,欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴,希望对大家有所帮助。
篇1:SAT作文分经验
SAT作文分经验分享
在刚刚11月的SAT中得到老师青睐,作文竟然得了12分.不过小生的一位朋友也得了12分,可见作文满分并不是很难的事情。下面谈几点建议:
1.建议大家多学习范文。大家练习的时候不妨先看题目,然后在25分钟之内完成一篇文章,完成后和范文比较,这样可以明显发现自己的弱点和可以改进的.地方,得到提高。
2.一定要提高速度。这是至关重要的!考试的时候一共才25分钟,一般情况下只能用90秒左右的时间进行构思,写作的时候不要停顿,不要在意单词拼写错误.SAT对单词拼写并不重视,一篇文章里有两三个拼写错误是不要紧的。不要太注重书写,只要写的字容易辨认就行了。
但是不要涂改,卷面整洁还是有必要的。最后一段一定要写完,写的不好没关系,这样文章才是完整的。写好之后检不检查无所谓,本人当时就只用10秒中浏览了一下,当然不可能有任何效果。
3.建议大家写的结构是:综述举例举例总结的形式,这是SAT 与托福的不同点。SAT 一般只要分析一个层次,但一定要分析透彻。
篇2:SAT作文经验
SAT作文经验分享
一.创造力,新思想。
1.Is creativity needed more than ever in the world today?
2.Does progress depend on people with new ideas rather than on people whose ideas are based on the current way of doing things?
3.Can people ever be truly original?
4.Is it always necessary to find new solutions to problems?
5.Is it always better to be original than to imitate or use the ideas of others?
6.Do closed doors make us creative?
7. Should people always prefer the new things, ideas, or values to those of the past?
二.选择,决定。
1.Are people better at making observations, discoveries, and decisions if they remain neutral and impartial?
2.Do success and happiness depend on the choices people make rather than on factors beyond their control?
3.Does having a large number of options to choose from make people happy?
4.Should people choose one of two opposing sides of an issue, or is the truth usually found in the middle
5.Are peoples lives the results of the choice they make?
篇3:GMAT770分经验
GMAT一战650,二战770:平衡好“实力”+“机经”
前言:首先我得感谢Cherry一直以来的鼓励和支持,此外我遇到的申友的三位老师Jason、Kevin和Demon都非常的优秀和尽责,还有一起学习的学员,尤其是Iris和Miss崔在课堂之后的交流都使我在紧张的复习中没有孤军奋战的感觉,前一阵子忙碌着学校国家奖学金的申请,昨天终于落下了帷幕,于是有时间静下来写一下心得和感悟了……
在整个的复习备考中,我始终在两样东西期间权衡,一个是“实力的提升”,另一个是“机经的使用”。因为两战之前正式复习的时间都是一个月左右――第一次7月底正式开始,8月31日考试,第二次是9月初开始,10月9号考试。所以“实力”和“机经”成了配置“时间”这块稀缺资源的首要因素,也是我感触最深的两大块。
(一)首先说语文机经――“恶魔”or“天使”?
使用语文机经的同学中,有的考试时心情愉快,分数出来时心如刀绞;有的做题又快,分数又高。很显然前者会全盘否定机经,认为机经是恶魔;后者会大力支持机经,认为机经是“天使”。很遗憾我既非前者也非后者,两战我都用到了语文机经,但是两战的都是时间紧迫中完成。原因在于我认为语文机经的“直接作用”不在于“提升准确率”而在于“提升速度”!
这时候,可能纳闷了――两次你都急急忙忙做完,机经没有帮你升速度啊,相反你二战的成绩那么高,应该是提升了准确率啊?其实机经真正给我的或者说直接给我的不是准确率,而是时间,时间充足了,我才能关注机经回忆者没有关注到的细节,才提高了准确率。逻辑的确存在变体,但是我考试的时候明显感觉到即使不是变体,答案我和机经选的很多不一样的。阅读事先了解了文章的结构和大致内容是很有帮助的,可以根据机经作者回忆的题目来预测核实文章的结构,但是一定要藐视这些答案,自己想想可能其他的答案是什么。藐视他们的答案理由很简单――印象深刻到能够回忆出来的题极有可能是纠结过的题,纠结过的题极有可能是没有发现考点的题,没有发现考点而选的选项就极有可能是错误的。(我没有使用语法机经,我个人认为这是必须考“实力”解决的)。最后总结一句话“可以用语文机经提升速度,但不要妄想一定能提高分数”,
(二)在说一下我对实力提升的看法――语法为王
老实说,我没有资格指点其他所有的同学,因为每个人的英语基础、思维习惯、复习习惯都千差万别,我只能说我自己在实力的提升方面是如何做的。如果让我在重新准备一次,我会这样准备:
1、整体了解:OG首先认真做一遍,认真看一遍解析。
(主要做语文部分,数学部分我也做了,对中国考生而言我觉得没用,甚至有些题明明很简单,却用很复杂的方法解――数学我走了太多弯路,做了很多其他资料,结果发现,中国考生考满分真不难,prep数学+数学机经就够了)
2、提升实力:曼哈顿语法三遍。
(二战前我曼哈顿简化版看了三遍,试着做了完整版的课后习题,然后又将完整版刷了一遍,以巩固胜利的成果)
3、巩固实力:07版的数学和语文prep做完
(我这次语文以“试卷模式”共9套做的,感觉很不错,此外数学我也认真做过一遍感觉与其他资料相比更加接近实战的出题规律,能够发现自己的很多思维漏洞)
4、提升备考:回顾OG+回顾曼哈顿+数学、阅读和逻辑机经。
(OG建议至少三遍,而且建议在熟悉曼哈顿的基础上回顾OG,这样你就会对很多OG上的awkward豁然开朗)
我并没有提到如何提升自己逻辑和阅读的实力。我对逻辑的整体感觉是“题目看懂了,答案就八九不离十了”(呵呵,也可能是申友逻辑方法太牛了);此外阅读而言,我托福的阅读两次考试都是29分(30分满分),所以对文章的把握没什么问题。在做prep07的试卷版时,顺便强化了这两部分,感觉就没问题了。但是其他同学与我的情况不同,所以这一块我还是建议大家不要像我一样忽视了。
结语:最后,尽管革命尚未成功但我必须得感谢我辛勤的我父母,作为工薪阶层的他们能够拿出毕生积蓄甚至不惜举债让我出国深造,真的很不容易。这个成绩仅仅只是向他们汇报的他们的小小一步吧。我最后真心的希望能够在我和DIY的共同努力下能够实现他们对我的美国名校梦!
篇4:SAT考前最后一周复习经验
最后一周如何安排复习重心从整体来看我觉得在最后这一段时间将重心放在阅读上并不是特别好,因为阅读的能力提高,其实还是需要一个较长的时间积累的,
SAT考前最后一周复习经验
。放在两个方面比较好,一个是数学,一个是语法客观题部分。为什么呢?原因是因为对学生的调查发现,很多学生在最后没有达到自己期望的SAT的分数,真正的差距并不是来自阅读,有的时候也不一定来自语法,而是在数学上,因为可能你只犯了三个错误就已经损失接近100分。所以我建议在最后这4天里面,同学针对数学的复习千万不要大意,有很多同学在之前的时候是没有复习数学的,重心都放在阅读部分,现在是时候复习数学了。OG当中数学题必须一道一道做,中国学生不足并不在知识点,而在数学语言的表达。在短时间内做大量的数学题,去了解数学题的表达模式,是非常必要的。
一个25分钟的,或者20分钟左右的一个数学,中国学生完成需要大概10分钟,所以一套卷子做下来,也就花30到40分钟,一天做两到三套。有一个小规律,就是往往在第一次考SAT的时候,数学能达到800分的,往往是学校里数学成绩中上的学员。他们知道这是自己的数学不是最好的,因而会认真去准备。有些表达方式在OG里面都有,如果之前没见过,考试第一次见到肯定蒙。
语法题的解读及提升
陆毅:第二个部分就是我们说的SAT语法题,因为语法题几乎不受单词影响,或者说它对于句子的要求并不是特别高,主要的考察就是语法。如果你上过课,最好把老师上课讲课的规律重新拿出来看看。之前是做了大量的题,现在你要做的事情就是总结,把你曾经做过题的错误的题目拿出来,跟老师的规律进行对比,不同的考试的辅导书,在出题的时候有各自的特点,所以针对老师的某几套规律是非常实用的,所以因此需要针对性的把这规律拿出来看一看,针对错的题目看看,我觉得这是最后需要做的一个重要环节。
最后的这五天我建议做一套真题模拟一下,真题的获得,现在留留学上面也是有的,其他网站也会有一些电子版的真题,我建议可以做一套。不要做太多,做这一套真题的概念就是从早上比如说9点钟开始,模拟考试的真实长度,确定自己的速度能否跟上考试。模考的作用就是帮我们在最后的时候发现一些操作问题,不要因为模考的成绩不是很好就影响自己的心态。
最后的五天写作文也是要分析的最后的五天写作文也是要做好准备的,老师上课的时候帮助大家准备了一些自己写的最顺手的素材。现在把这些素材拿出来,每天选择一些题目,在网上找到一些真题的写作题目,拿出来构思一下,我建议不一定要全部写出来,但是要把大纲列出来,比如准备5到6个素材,包括人物类、包括历史类、包括现代社会类、包括IT类、包括体育类,来自不同领域的。这个时候可以做一个小练习,针对某一个题目,用你素材库中的3个不同的素材,写出三篇不同立意的文章。不妨认认真真写五道题,每道题构思两到三个方式,能拓宽你的思路。
当然还需要一些基本的句法的写作联系,我们称之为写作习惯,
备考资料
多联系,多写,可以起到很好的作用。阅读最后阶段的提高:对单词的复习需要着重点阅读我觉得短时间的提高是不大可能了,但是有一点是可以提高的,那就是对单词的掌握。OG当中的单词必须牢牢的掌握和总结,历年的真题如果有可能的话去总结一下。Barron词汇表每天需要快速的过,比如前面有黑色方块的那些词。最后几天在红宝书中前面打星号的词也是最重要的
阅读当中其实填空题我个人的建议是这样的,因为填空题,以OG作为最后的范本,熟悉句型和逻辑顺序,顺带要复习一下单词,对填空来说基本上已经足够了,因为词汇还是比较关键的。OG做的比较熟练,问题不会特别多。
对于篇章阅读,我的建议是保持,每天你至少要去读3到4篇文章,可以从普林斯顿和kaplan,只要保证每天能够阅读足够的量就可以了。一句话OG是咱们最需要抓住的一个教材,这是技术层面的。 保障层面:心理或者身体层面怎么做好具体的安排接下来就是保障层面,你的心理层面,或者身体层面怎么做好具体的安排。
第一,开始调整自己的生物钟,最好能够在一周左右开始调整自己的生物钟。现在很多的同学,因为学校的实际情况--在校学生,所以调整自己生物钟似乎不是很现实的事情,但是到最后两三天时间还很可能去请假,晚上不要睡的太晚,有很多同学养成习惯,晚上12点,1点才睡,这对考试是很不利,尽量把时间控制 到11点左右睡觉。然后早上7点起,养成这样的习惯,这样你考试的时候大脑处在正常的水平。
第二,在你早上起来以后,你可以拿出OG当中的一篇文章来做一个复习,就是说不要让考试卷子上面的英语成为你今天读进去的第一个英语单词,也就是说千万不要“裸考”,很多东西没有准备就去了,考试一开始你就会紧张,看到英文有时候会反应不过来,写作的时候你脑子里面没有成型的文字,这就是一个灾难。因此我觉得OG里面很多文章写的相当不错,所以你早上起来以后,花20、30分钟时间浏览一下英文,你脑子开始运转起来。这时候你再去考试你就会发现无论是写作,或者是阅读会很顺畅。
第三,我个人建议可以带几块巧克力进去,因为整个考试时间比较长,因为好多同学考到最后很饿。早上很紧张,吃不下东西,也不能吃太多,带几块小的巧克力进去以,一个小时的时候吃一下,第二个小时再吃一块,虽然看起来感觉上没有任何效果,但是无论是从你的心理上,还是身体上都有很好的镇定作用。
第四,如果你在考试,当时你坐在考场上面发现自己特别紧张,因为考生又和在国内的考试不一样,去了国外,听不懂这个监考老师说的英语,很容易造成心理上的不适。当你感到紧张的时候,你双手握拳,开始用力,直到你觉得力量用到极致了,然后放松,这是一个比较好的方法,反复两到三次以后你就体会到什么叫放松。放松对考试是有帮助的。
最后,如果在考场上发现监考老师说的话你听不懂,一定要举手,反复的进行询问,因为不管是香港也好,新加坡也好,他们说的英文你都不一定能听懂,因为他们都有一些地方特色在里面,因此在之前复习考试流程很重要。做到心中有数,你可以搜一下留留学,或者其他网站出现的考试流程方面的东西,再仔细看一看,做好自己的准备,这样对你解决自己的心理紧张感也比较有用。
总体,来讲最后四到五天解决的问题就是这几个方面,第一技术上把握数学和写作--短时间还能提高的部分,阅读加以保持,单词每天都要花一个小时到两个小时,早上花一个小时,晚上花一个小时去看。应考过程当中做好万全的准备,你的纸笔都要准备好,还有计算器也要带过去,然后计算器的电池一定要准备好,事先检查好,然后考试当天要调整好心态。最后考试的时候不要太紧张,带上一些必要的食物,保证在考试整个过程当中,心态平和。
篇5:托福110分备考经验
托福110分备考经验分享 你的学习方式是否真的正确?
一.托福110分经验分享之单词积累
1.不要陷入极端
托福备考时,对单词的态度容易陷入两种极端。一种是觉得单词在手高分我有。另一种是觉得单词没那么重要,看看就得。
背单词的确是很必要的,并且应该贯穿整个备考过程。但是痴迷单词,只背单词,不去研究考试的内容,不去做题,那这单词背的是毫无意义的。托福考试考的,套用ETS的一句话,是:The test measures your ability to use English to communicate in an academic environment. ——考察考生在学术环境中使用英语进行交流的能力。因此光背单词,积累那些最元素化的内容,是无法提升你使用英语进行听说读写能力的。并且作为标化考试,托福还有很多的考试经验和技巧,如果没有足够的训练,那么托福还想110的同学只能给你点一首梦醒时分了。
2.不要不背单词
另一个极端的同学也不是不背单词,而是对单词的重视程度以及背诵效果不够。新托福阅读词汇量在8000--10000左右,很多学生将单词书背了很多遍,但是其实只记得单词的样子,看着眼熟,所以在实际阅读文章、解答听力问题时仍然感到吃力,更别提口语和写作的输出应用了。
其实细想想,我们阅读听力中出现的问题:读不完、听力太快跟不上、记不下来笔记、不理解等等这些,归根结底,还是因为单词不够熟悉。你在听的时候不能快速反应出单词意思,那么一两秒的思考时间内,好几句话就过去了;看着文章单个词汇反应意思,整段理解的时候你看到的都是碎片,所以文章讲什么,你还需要再看一遍试图理解。
其实倍速听力听抄的目的不是训练听的反应,而是锻炼你对词汇的熟悉和脑海里的中英译理解反应速度。让你对那些考试涉及词汇的熟悉程度,变成你对book、apple的这类学了多年的简单词汇的熟悉程度。那么你的听的时候自然就理解并跟得上了。
所以托福词汇是一定要积累的,并且对核心高频单词的熟悉程度一定是非常高的。这样你阅读和听力的时候才能够快速反应,才能有后续的理解。而口语和写作还需要我们对相关词汇更进一步、会读会运用程度的学会。对于口语、写作常用词,在学习时要用所学的单词造句子,在语境中体会单词的用法。这样才可以说是真正完成了背单词这一项,也只有背到这个程度的单词才是最有效的。
二. 托福110分经验分享之学习方式
每天睁眼就开始复习一直到深夜?熬夜三四五六个月直到考试前一天?这些都不是正确的学习方式,我们每天接受到的知识、能理解掌握的内容也是有限的。你集中做三天听抄不如每天一小时弄一个月的精听;一天看完8000单词不复习也一个新的都记不住。
不知道你们有没有听说过一个实验,1990年三位心理学家为了对小提琴名家进行研究专门前往西柏林中心的艺术大学。试图通过大量数据,解答一个基础问题:是什么因素让精英演奏家比中等演奏者更加优秀?
他们将研究对象分成两组,一组是有可能成为大师的精英演奏者,一种是普通的演奏爱好者。通过研究,他们发现:
普通演奏者通常将工作分散到一天完成。一份将平均工作时间和每日活动小时对比的图表显示,普通演奏者图表上的曲线是平滑的,工作时间与活动时间相近。
而精英演奏者则不同,他们将工作集中在两个明显时段完成。如果将他们工作时间与每日活动时间相对比的表格描绘出来,会发现两个显著峰值(一个早上,一个下午)。
越是顶尖演奏者,峰值越明显。而同样,越顶尖的,在时间峰值之外,他们休息和放松的时间也要比所有人都多。
由此,最后结论是:一整天持续的勤奋,并不能决定成功,有节奏的努力,才能成功。
每天的复习时间可以控制在6个小时左右(当然是有效复习时间),复习时要注意集中精力,不要被社交软件啊信息啊什么的扰乱思维,并且要有规划的进行一天的复习安排。比如,将精力最充沛的时间留给背单词、将最容易疲倦的时间用来练习口语等。
上文中关于托福110分经验分享中,我们重点提到了两个方面,一是托福词汇的背记,另外一点是托福的学习方法。其实备考的过程中托福词汇非常重要,但是大家要辩证看待,不能将所有时间都花在背单词上另外,托福学习备考的过程中,效率比学习时长更重要。
托福语法:without的正确用法
一、基本用法
1. (表否定)没有,无,不需。如:
The letter was posted without a stamp. 那封信没贴邮票就寄出去了。
We got there without any trouble. 我们到了那儿,一路上没遇到任何麻烦。
You'll get wet if you go out in the rain without an umbrella. 雨天外出不带伞会淋湿的。
I suddenly realized I'd come out without any money. 我突然意识到,一点儿钱也没带就出来了。
2. (用在no, not, never等否定副词之后,强调肯定)没有……不,没有……则不能……,每……必定……。如:
You can't get rich without taking risks. 人不冒险不富。
The old man cannot walk without a stick. 那位老先生离开手杖就走不了路。
Don't go out without a coat: you'll catch your death. 别不穿外套出去,会得重感冒的。
I never see this picture without thinking of him. 每次看到这张照片,我都会想起他。
3. (与-ing形式连用)不,无,没。如:
She entered the room without knocking. 她没敲门就进了房间。
It goes without saying that health is above wealth. 健康胜于财富这个道理是无需多说的。
They had to stand for hours without changing position. 他们得一动不动地站几个小时。
It wasn't very polite of you to serve yourself without asking. 你也不问一声就自己吃起来是不太礼貌的。
4. (表条件)若无,若非。如:
I don't like to go to a country without knowing something of the language. 我要是不懂得一点那个国家的语言,就不想到那个国家去。
Without water, we cannot live. 没有水,我们就活不了。
Can you see without your glasses? 你不戴眼镜能看得清东西吗?
二、作表语的用法
without引出的介词短语通常用作状语,但有时也可用作表语。如:
She is completely without shame. 她恬不知耻。
My investigations were without result. 我的调查毫无结果。
The houses in this village are without water. 这个村子里家家户户都没有自来水。
We were without electricity for three hours but it's on again now. 我们的电停了3小时,现在又有了。
三、后接复合宾语的用法
without后接复合宾语的常用结构如下:
1. without+宾语+副词
I'd be lost without you here. 没有你在这儿,我会一筹莫展。
I'm very near-sighted without my glasses on. 我要是不戴眼镜十分近视。
2. without+宾语+介词短语
We'd be better off without them as neighbors. 要是没有这些邻居,我们就过得更愉快了。
I don't like sweet coffee; I like it better without sugar in it. 我不喜欢加糖的咖啡,里边不加糖我更喜欢。
3. without+宾语+动名词
Without anyone noticing, he slipped through the window. 无人注意,他从窗户溜了出去。
They debated for hours without a decision being taken. 他们争论了几个小时,也没作出决定。
4. without+宾语+不定式
Without anyone to help, how can we go on? 没有人帮忙,我们怎么能进行下去?
It was boring to sit there without anything to do. 无所事事地坐在那里太无聊了。
5. without+宾语+过去分词
Without another word exchanged, they started off. 没有再交谈一句,他们就出发了。
托福语法之 the more the better
1) the more… the more… 越……就越……
The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make.
2) more B than A 与其说A不如说B
less A than B
He is more lazy than slow at his work.
= He is less slow than lazy at his work.
3) no more… than… 与……一样……,不比……多
The officials could see no more than the Emperor.
no less… than… 与……一样……
He is no less diligent than you.
4) more than 不只是,非常
She is more than kind to us all.
典型例题
1)The weather in China is different from____.
A. in America B. one in America C. America
D. that in America
答案:D。本题意为“中国的天气与美国的不同。”比较的是天气而不是国家,C不能选。A没有名词,后句成分不全,排除。B和D中,B中的one常用来代替可数名词,而that可以代替不可数或抽象名词,所以选D。
2)After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ___ tractors in 1988 as the year before.
A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as
答案C。此句意为“引进新技术以后,这个厂1988年生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍”。表示倍数用“倍数+ as + 形容词原形+ as +比较对象”的句型。所以此句答案为C。
This ruler is three times as long as that one.
托福语法:hardly, scarecely和barely的辨析
hardly,scarcely和barely这三个词在意义上都接近于否定。
hardly 主要与any,ever,at all或动词can连用:
He has hadly any money.
他几乎没有钱。(非常少)
I hardly ever go out.
我很少外出。(我极少外出。)
It hadly rained at all last summer.
去年夏天没怎么下雨。
Her case is so heavy that she can hadly lift it.
她的箱子太重了,她简直提不起来。
也可以和其他动词连用:
I hardly know him.
我不太认识他。(我只是与他认识而已。)
注意不要把副词hard与hardly搞混:
He looked hard at it.
他使劲地盯着它看。(他在盯着它。)
He hardly looked at it.
他几乎没看它。(他瞄了它一眼。)
scarcely意为“几乎不”,它可以代替hardly。上述例句中也可用scarcely any/scarcely ever等。
但scarcely主要意为“不到”、“不足”:
There were scarcely twenty people there.
那儿连20个人都没有。
(关于hardly/scarcely之后的倒装语序,见第45节与第342节E。)
barely意为“不超过”、“仅仅”:
There were barely twenty people there.
那儿不超过20个人。(刚刚20个)
I can barely see it.
我勉强看得见它。(我只能看见而已。)
篇6:首战托福116分经验
【高分经验】首战托福116分 详解学霸的“通关宝典”
阅读部分:彻底阅读每个段落
我在备考托福时主要侧重于阅读部分,因为阅读是我的弱点。我认为集中精力刷题时最重要的不是做题数量而是做题质量。由于准备考试的时间有限,我为自己设置了一个目标——完成5套阅读练习。一开始,我追求快速做题。我不喜欢阅读整篇文章,我所做的就是在问题和相应的段落中挑出关键词,寻找其同义词,然后采取“消除法”挑选出最终的答案。然而,尽管这种方法是有效的,它也带来了不少问题。首先,最大的问题是我无法作答汇总问题,因为我没有完整的对每个段落的主要思想进行理解,我不懂这篇文章主要讲的是什么。我决定调整我的方法,开始彻底阅读每个段落。这时再去看问题,答案就很明显了。 (有时对“EXCEPT问题”来说,如果你想不起来第一次阅读时的细节,那很简单,就回去再看一遍并检查你的回答吧。)
听力部分:集中精神记录你听到的一切
听力部分,我做了7、8套题。我的方法是固执地写下我所听到的一切 (但是忽略确切的事实)。特别是寻找类似成语或讽刺的口语化短语,因为考官一定会问你短语的含义是什么。听录音时,一定要集中精神,不能走神。如果你没有捕捉到答案,采取一个符合逻辑的猜测不失为一个好办法,因为听力材料基本上都是基于高中课本上知识的。
口语部分:用六十秒全力展示自己
和很多聪明的学生一样,考试前一天我看了一遍官方真题Official,心里期盼着网站的预测能够正确。我简要地记住了口语预测题,还有两个可以支持我的观点的要点。
朗读问题期间,我用间隙的时间在草稿纸上记录每个答案的草稿,但它最后会被收走,所以忠告各位考生,请把信息记录在脑中。口语部分开始,你只有六十秒,所以你要把自己展示得更加有说服力,协调地组织所有想法。强迫自己不去使用 “嗯、呃”,不要长时间沉默。如果你想不起来某个词了就换成一个同义词或一个短语。而且,最重要的是,如果你认为你的前一个问题表现并不那么好,千万不要让那影响你之后的表现,因为最后的结果很可能给你惊喜。
写作部分:收集论据,积累词汇量
最后,对于写作部分来说,使用积累的例子并尽量快地键入。只要你能清楚地表达想法,就绝对没有必要使用复杂花哨的词汇。当你收到一个问题,你可能会发现你内心并不赞同它,但是如果你反对的论据并不坚固和足以令人信服,那就要试着站在赞同的角度炮制个人经验了。这是论证你的论点和增加单词计数最好的方式。可以感受到,在写作考试中,大家都试图写得尽可能的多,所以词汇量显得非常重要,充足的词汇量可以避免错误。
托福阅读长难句分析:苏格拉底道德论
The Athenian philosopher Socrates (470-399 B.C.) was the first person in Greece to propose a morality based on individual conscience rather than the demands of the state, and for this he was accused of not believing in the city’s gods and so corrupting the youth, and he was condemned to death. (TPO43, 51)
propose /pr?'poz/ v. 提议,建议;打算,计划
morality /m?'r?l?t?/ n. 道德
conscience /'kɑn??ns/ n. 良心,是非感
corrupt /k?'r?pt/ v. 堕落, 腐化
condemn /k?n'dem/ v. 谴责,责备;判某人刑(尤指死刑)
大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解
The Athenian philosopher Socrates (470-399 B.C.) was the first person (in Greece) (to propose a morality) (based on individual conscience) (rather than the demands of the state), and (for this)he was accused (of not believing in the city’s gods and so corrupting the youth), and he was condemned to death. (TPO43, 51)
托福阅读长难句分析:
修饰一:(in Greece) ,介词短语
中文:在希腊
修饰二:(to propose a morality) ,非谓语动词
中文:提出道德
修饰三:(based on individual conscience) ,非谓语动词
中文:基于个人良心
修饰四:(rather than the demands of thestate),介词短语
中文:而不是国家的要求
修饰五:(for this) ,介词短语
中文:因为这样
修饰六:(of not believing in the city’s gods and so corrupting the youth) ,介词短语
中文:不信上帝和腐蚀青年
托福阅读长难句参考翻译:
在希腊,雅典哲学家苏格拉底(公元前470-399)是第一个提出道德要基于个人良心而不是国家要求的人,因为这样,他被指控不信上帝和腐蚀青年,并且被判了死刑。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是非谓语动词和介词,大家务必想清楚,每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么,才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
托福阅读备考之句子简化题错题原因
托福阅读的句子简化题是很多同学在托福实际考试中出错频率较高的一个题型,一般情况下,培训老师给同学在讲解过程中,重点强调拆分结构,然后根据结构对选项进行辨析。很多同学在实际操作中,按照老师的方法做题之后发现仍然在解题正确率上没有任何的变化,因而怀疑老师讲解方法的不实用而转向字面翻译来对选项进行选择但这仍然存在错误率居高不下的可能。因此实际导致句子简化题争取率不高的原因主要有两个:
1.老师在授课过程中讲的解题方法和步骤更多是对于整个题型的体征,结合练习题作的高度概括,有些类似于中学数学老师的公式讲解。而受限于课堂授课的有限时间,为了更清晰地讲清楚解题步骤,授课老师的授课更关注于解题方法即公式被例题的有效证明,进而很难面面俱到,把各种可能的命题要素都囊括进来,因此同学在实际练习中所遇到的题目与教师讲解的典型例题会具有很大的差异。
2.根据笔者多年的实际教学经验发现,很多同学在面对这个类型的题目的时候习惯性地会选择按照字面意思来进行理解,进而根据理解来对选项进行辨析。即便老师讲解的解题方法同学认为正确,但在实际操作过程中会下意识地回到习惯的解题方法上来,进而导致了错误的出现。
考前的必然准备
针对以上两个原因,建议同学在实际解题过程中,
在练习过程中,特别是针对错题复习或反思时,一定按照授课教师的要求,详细切分和精准实现解题方法在实际解题中的使用,关注句子成分,句子逻辑关系等;在理解老师讲授方法的同时,更要明确老师讲授方法背后的逻辑和理由,作到“知其然,知其所以然”。
在解题过程中,注意翻译句子的习惯。尽量避免翻译或用简单的字面翻译来对选项进行甄别。考虑到母语对第二语言习得的负牵引的存在,即使翻译,也尽量与句子结构的拆解,分句与成分的拆解与选项对应的方面加以平行关注。
托福阅读备考之如何进行精读训练
托福阅读是托福考试的第一个单项。相对于听力口语来说,对中国学生来说也是相对容易拿到高分的项目。但是是否你还徘徊在二十几分无法前进呢?今天我们就来聊聊如何通过精读文章来提高阅读的功底和分数。
在阅读当中,精读和泛读都是非常重要的。很多同学做了很多TPO,但是并没有及时的总结和精读。如果只是一味刷题,而不回头看都存在哪些问题,也不知道自己的问题究竟在哪,那读十篇文章,还不如读一篇文章十遍。那么,在托福考试中,应该如何精读呢?这里跟大家分享下精读的要点:
1、词:专门总结、整理出你文章中不认识的单词并记忆;我们天津新东方也配备了按照 tpo 文章总结的词汇书供大家使用。
2、句:用word文档或者是软件整理出文章中读不懂的句子,这是长难句的理解,提高你阅读速度很重要的一点;也可由授课老师指定长难句材料作为练习内容。
3、段:概括出这个段落大意。对于阅读,这是基本的能力素养;对于考试,这是做对多选题有很大的提示作用。
4、正确选项:分析正确选项为什么对,你要想明白,在原文中画出答案的依据,在比较选项,体会ETS是如何改写原文的;
5、错误选项:分析错误选项为什么错,你要想明白,并在word文档中标注选项错误的地方。
知其然,知其所以然,知其所以不然。
篇7:首战托福114分经验
是容易还是幸运?首战托福114分经验分享
托福听力备考
对于托福听力的练习主要有2个方法:精听和泛听。泛听就如同泛读,主要是培养大家的听感,对于这个训练个人觉得60 second science就是绝佳的听力材料,它的语速快,科普性强,发间标准。而精听侧重的则目的性,对于短期提升托福听分数是极为关键的。这里推荐大家使用五步精听法,可以根据自身的特别进行调整来练习。
他是这么练习的:第一遍音频加速1.3倍,做题记笔记;第二遍分段听音频,要将每句的大意听清楚,记录生词和难懂的短语;第三遍整体再听一遍,以此来纠正自己的笔记错误,例如漏记的重要细节、逻辑要点和结构,并对典型题型进行分析。这里大家要充分利用官方真题Official材料,并总结常见题型和需要记下的细节和逻辑点,提升大家在听音频时捕捉信息的敏感度。
托福口语备考
托福口语考试分为2个部分:独立口语和综合口语。对于独立口语部分,大家要充分利用平时收集来的真题,小站教育出品的机经每期题库都有更新,并且有解析和答案,大家可以重点将独立口语进行收集和解答,因为考试的题目基本上就来自于这里。这时考生要注意的就是要自制模板,这个很重要。对于综合口语部分,基本上都有固定的模板,大家只需要在听力的时候尽可能多的记下细节,然后结合逻辑和结构把这些细节套入到模板当中就可以了。整个托福口语考试最重要的就是考生的心态要平和,没有必要紧张。
托福阅读备考
这个考试部分是考试必须要拿下的。首先考生就是积累足够多的词汇量,尽管在托福阅读考试中,生词对理解的影响并不是大,但是对于词汇的基础还是要夯实的。然后就是针对不同的题型的备考,特别是一些重点的题型或者说是自己最难解决的题型。比如说细节题的每一类都有对应的策略,但大家最需要注意的还是定位和逻辑。定位就是指细节的内容要准确,有些容易忽视的替换实际上就是考点。当然了,有些看似不完全正确的原意替换也有可能是正确的,这时考生就需要权衡4个选项了。对于逻辑也是要大家注意的,这是体现我们是否理解文章的关键。至于主旨题,建议大家在考试的时候做一些标准,这样可以提高大家定位信息的速度。
托福写作备考
对于托福写作考试,大家要特别注意的就是打字速度了。因为如果你的打字速度很慢,那么留给你的时间就非常短了,那么你就不可能按时完成作文了,这和托福口语还是有很大区别的,因为在托福口语考试中,如果你前面的观点明确,逻辑结构完整,即使没有回答完成,那样也是可以得到高分,但是作文就不一样的了,没有完成文章,那么你的得分就会很低。所以首先要针对打字速度的练习。
托福写作考试也分为2个部分:独立写作的综合写作。对于综合写作来说,难度相对较低一点,大家只要将听力中的要点全都记全,再增加一些细节,写作文章有明确的逻辑关系就能获得不错的分数。备考时大家可以自制一些模板,这个很有必要,考试的时候只需要将细节套入其中,注意逻辑连接词的使用,就会使得文章更流畅,逻辑性更强。对于独立写作,要注意3个方面:审题、逻辑、和细节。审题在备考的时候考生要学会对几大类常的题型进行总结相应的模板就体现了整体的逻辑脉络。而此处我强调的“逻辑”在于句与句之间、义群和义群之间的逻辑关系,技巧还在于逻辑连接词。“细节”主要是指事例、引用等支持观点的论据要详尽,补充细节,让论据看起来更可信,但注意所有“细节”要为观点服务。
以上就是小站教育为大家带来的托福首战114分各个考试部分的备考经验,高分绝非偶然,是通过不断的努力得来的。其实托福考试和高考都是类似的,听说读写的题型都是有规律可循的,这些规律就是大家在备考的时候应该寻找到。小站教育编辑提醒大家的是这些备考经验是非常实用的,但并不适合每个人,大家可根据自身的情况和特点进行微调,让它成为你自己的东西,这才是正确的方法。
托福备考之阅读技巧与方法介绍
一、托福阅读方法
1. 精读的方法
精读是指认真地阅读文章中的每一句话,掌握句子的含义,弄清句子间的逻辑关系,从而理解整段话甚至全文的内容。精读的基础主要是词汇量和语法。在阅读理解中主要体现在长难句的理解上。如果这些句子影响对文章的理解,就必须要花费较长的时间认真阅读,以求获得准确的理解。
2. 意群阅读法
语言是用来传递信息的,阅读的目的就是为了获取信息,因此只要能够准确地把握信息即可。要想在比较短的时间内掌握足够多的信息,我们就必须学会意群阅读法。这就要求我们在阅读的时候不要把注意力放在每一个单词上,而是要以意群(主要包括词组、固定搭配和完整的句意组合)为单位,将注意力放在关键词上,从而掌握该句所表达的含义。
二、托福阅读技巧
1. 把握词义
阅读过程中我们不免会遇到生词,有些考生在阅读中一遇到生词就停下来查字典,这种方法是不正确的。有些词确实会影响到理解,查字典当然是一种办法,但是频繁地查字典不仅会影响阅读速度,还会影响对文章整体内容的理解。所以,考生在平时要学会处理阅读中的生词,掌握猜测生词的方法。
2. 理清结构
阅读时,要先辨别清楚文章的体裁,理清文章的结构,把握主旨大意,找出文章的主题句。理清文章结构有助于考生从整篇文章考虑,选出正确答案,避免因考虑不周或考虑片面而造成理解上的偏差。阅读文章后的问题一般也是按照文章结构顺序提出的,所以理清文章结构还有助于考生在尽量短的时间内找到问题的答案。
3. 分析选项
学会分析选项对于提高阅读分数有着重要的意义。阅读选项的干扰项可能是下面几种情况:1)与文章细节部分相同、部分相悖;2)选项本身是正确的,但不是问题的答案,不符合题干的要求;3)与常识相符合,但在文章中没有提及;4)明显与文章信息不符等等。掌握题目选项特点有助于考生在较短的时间里做出准确的选择。
4. 扩大知识面
扩大知识面对于提高阅读题目正确率来说十分重要。如果考生对阅读文章的话题一无所知,在做题的时候必然会感到很迷茫,理解文章大意时也会很困难。如果考生平时注意扩大知识面,多了解各方面的知识,那么在阅读时就会感到很轻松。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析:石油天然气的形成
It is not surprising, therefore, that the highest ratio of oil and gas pools to volume of sediment is found in rock no older than 2.5 million years—young enough so that little of the petroleum has leaked away—and that nearly 60 percent of all oil and gas discovered so far has been found in strata that formed in the last 65 million years. (TPO43, 65)
大家自己先读,不回读,看一遍是否能理解
托福阅读长难句分析:
It is not surprising,therefore, (that the highest ratio of oil and gas pools to volume of sediment is found in rock no older than 2.5 million years)—young enough so that little of the petroleum has leaked away—and (that nearly 60 percent of all oil and gas discovered so far has been found in strata that formed in the last 65 million years). (TPO43, 65)
这个句子的结构:
It is not surprising that 从句 and that 从句
主要就是两个从句,然后中间有一个破折号隔开
修饰一:(that the highest ratio of oil and gas pools to volume of sediment is found in rock no older than 2.5 million years),从句
中文:油藏和气藏的数量与沉积物总量的比率最高出现在年龄不超过250万年的岩石中
修饰二:(that nearly 60 percent of all oil and gas discovered so far has been found in strata that formed in the last 65million years),从句
大家注意,能不能来理解这个从句中的discovered?先想想看。
其实,这个句子中还有一个非谓语动词修饰成分,that nearly 60 percent of all oil and gas (discoveredso far) has been found in strata that formed in the last 65 million years
中文:约60%的石油和天然气都被发现在过去650万年形成的岩层中
托福阅读长难句参考翻译:
因此,毫无意外,油藏和气藏的数量与沉积物总量的比率最高出现在年龄不超过250万年的岩石中——岩石还很新,以至于很少的石油泄露——而目前为止发现的约60%的石油和天然气都被发现在过去650万年形成的岩层中。
这个句子的主要修饰成分就是从句和非谓语动词,大家务必想清楚,每一个修饰成分修饰的是什么,才能看清楚这个句子的结构。
托福阅读备考之长难句分析:深海底部环境
托福阅读长难句:深海底部环境
Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface,the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans,in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space.
(定语后置in some ways…)
【译句】由于完全没有光,而且承受着比在地球表面大数百倍的极大压力,深海底部对人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境,在某些方面就像外层空间一样险恶和遥远。
分句1:Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures
分句2:hundreds of times greater than at the Earth’s surface
分句3:the deep—ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans
分句4:in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of outer space
分句2修饰分句1结尾的短语intense pressures,
分句1是分句3的状语
分句3是整个长句子的主句
分句4是分句3的后置定语,修饰分句3的a hostile environment to humans
主句前后分别有状语和定语的修饰成分,但是本句其实不是复合句。句子的核心意思是深海对于人类而言是一个充满敌意的环境。
篇8:二战托福106分经验
二战托福106分经验分享
先说阅读:
ETS:托福阅读考什么?
词汇:认知和推断
句子:理解
段落:关系识别
文章:结构认知
阅读么,答主觉得是最拉不开差距的题目,为什么这样说呢,相比较口语听力,阅读考察的更多是考生对文章的认知能力,而这个对于身经百战的国内学生来说。
说道词汇,很多同学很有压力,但实际上托福的核心词汇不过3000多
6级分数在580+的同学,词汇量肯定能到达6000+的水准
你可以计划用两周的时间把词量升级到 9000+
所以,觉得单词量不够,也别盲目背单词。
要对托福考试真正的意图要有认识,托福这种标准化考试科学之处就是,任何人种&文化背景的都可以通过提高英语水平并通过托福考试。阅读的词汇基本都是词语的本身释义,都是在容易理解的正常语境下,即使是碰到陌生的,也可以通过前文进行推断。
关于背单词的工具推荐:
词汇书籍已经比较推荐的有 韦氏词典(美国新华字典) 、红宝书
网上各种 App,相信大家都有了解过,如果你希望自己比较酷,希望有扩展性你可以试试
ANKI 这种开源软件。
听力 :
听力真的特么的难!这是答主一战时最直观的感受,整个听力流程又臭又长,折磨的我不要不要的。
而且答主的耳朵那天也不给力,摘下耳机后,整个耳朵都泛回音。
一战听力 19 分,心里很平复,知道是这个结果。
但心里就是不服!TMD 惹老子不开心,我偏偏要治了你的状态!
托福干掉听力你就赢了一半,这不是吹 B。
事实上,如果你没有针对性练习,你可能阅读写作都能啃啃老底,就偏偏听力不能。
为了提分,稳狠准的方法就是吃透 TPO 的听力题,TPO 现在已经更新到 TPO 53 了,老题可以不做,从40开始做。一套 TPO 连续 6题,连续做严格按试题时间控制答题,一套做完了你也能看到你的水平了。很可能一轮 TPO 下来,不是很理想,认清自己真实水平绝对是好事情。
那么,如何练?
做完题,先回头把错误的重新过一遍了,看看自己的错误能不能听第二遍时纠正,如果还是做错了,明显的你对文章理解有问题。再回头把这段的原文找出来,标注你没弄明白的段落,把生词写下了,分解句型,直到彻底理解这个段落。
往后,把任何你做错的不确定的段落,都反复拿出来听。用笔记记录自己错误的原因,最后再去翻案解析,加深下印象。一个月的努力,你会有显著收获,虽然苦,但是也 TM 爽呀!
模考听力29那天,我恨不得第二天就去考场办了听力这个小婊砸。
口语和写作:
咱们应该知道英文写作跟中文写作相差很大,想要写好英文文章,要先对英文的议论文结构有所了了解,可能的话,在备考前可以尝试着读一些原文书,让自己喜欢上文字。
答主喜欢《American Gods》(美剧拍的一般)也看 Stephen King的《The Dark Tower》,真的炒鸡爽!遇上喜欢的书,就不厌其烦的查词,做做笔记顺便扩充词汇量。
1. 口语的流利,写作的表达丰富都很重要,但是,咱们应搞清楚主次。就评分来说,内容>结构>表达,表达是排到最后的,很多同学连内容,逻辑,结构都还搞不清楚,就去追求 fancy 的词汇与句型,简直是舍本逐末。
2.我自己写作的经验。我的写作写了500字,但用词基本没超过4级词汇(我的词汇挺贫乏的。。。),句型也就局限于定语从句,插入语,1-2个倒装,绝对谈不上优美,更别说华丽了。但是依然得到了 26,所以大家不要去信新东方的“完美逻辑拿不到满分,完美修辞+缺陷逻辑也可以拿满分”,纯属胡扯。对于托福冲100+的同学,作文不求拿满分,但得把问题讲清楚就好,不要出现太多语法错误,你就能25+。
3.写作的教科书推荐。OG 的托福写作部分的范文和评价,不只是满分文章,低分文章也要看,其中有几篇低分文章很有中国学生的特点(特别爱用 firstly, secondly 之类的,观点丰富,阐述垃圾),大家好好捉摸一下。还有 OG 后面的 writer’shandbook,我是全看了一遍,一边看一边记笔记,很有帮助,如果没时间全看,organization 和 structure 那节一定一定要看!
4.口语语音语调练习。American Accent Training,很有用,而且很好完,我当时只有20天准备还把这玩艺练了10天,感觉很有帮助。不过这个东西因为老要跟读和纠正,很耗嗓子,嗓子就是每天练这个练哑了。但有时间的同学,强烈推荐!网上也有下。
5.口语么...依然是内容为王。我当时口语第一题答得特别6,但是第一部分只是 fair,后来分析,是因为第一题的逻辑有问题,所以咱们在修炼流利度的同时,不要忽视口语表达的内容。
P.S.
关于鸡精:机经这玩意,是不是鸡肋另说,我的建议是,机经拿出来看过一遍,熟悉下真题的节奏。剩下的就没必要花太多时间看这个了。
TPO 在线练的话 ,去这个网站小站备考,TPO 应该是最全的。
9月1日托福听力考试真题及答案
Conversation
{版本1}
1、女生所在的组织想要捐书还有收集旧衣物捐给需要的人,想要老师给permission在学校收集宣传,老师让女生去和另外一个组织joint together在city,女生同意认为可能效果更好,还能招募成员。
2、女的问教授为啥不给她的paper grade,教授说她写的不符合要求。因为布置的是opinion paper,然后教授问她关于logging的看法,女的说最后selective logging,这样不仅提供job而且能够保护环境,但还是对环境有危害。教授说她的观点还是要有fact支撑。
3、工作人员帮忙找哈姆雷特戏剧排练丢失的道具。
4、教授希望女生加入数学社区公益活动,教给孩子们和家长关于数学的概念。
5、询问老师建筑课设计作业中遇到了麻烦如何解决。
{版本2}
1、一个公益组织,想要捐书和衣服给需要的人,希望老师让他们在学校里宣传和募捐
2、女生问教授为什么自己的paper没有分数
3、学生说停车场拥堵
4、学生反对建图书馆
Lecture
{版本1}
1、动物行为
2、美国人闲暇娱乐变迁
3、文艺复兴时期一个诗人
4、polar bear evolution
{版本2}
1、19世纪初美国电影发展。
2、乌龟交流行为。乌龟的生活习性和环境很难探测他们的声音。通过实验检测发现,乌龟的蛋可以发出声音。
3、文艺复兴时期诗人在可以打印的条件下坚持手写,教授讲述了手写的好处。
4、研究南极的海平面冰川减少的原因。研究之前的历史很难,因为数据大致只能追溯到前30年。
5、抗生素是如何工作的。病毒产生抗药性之后如何采取措施克服。
6、遗迹改变的原因,某古文明经历了巨大的改变。
209月1日托福口语考试真题及答案
Task 1(重复4月1日口语task2)
{版本1}
选择大学,资源好的学校贵,资源没那么好的学校提供奖学金,你会选择哪个?说明原因。
Imagine that you have been accepted by two different universities, one university is well? known for its excellent academic program, but it's expensive, while another is less well-know, but has offered you with scholarship to pay for your intuition fee、Which university would you prefer, explain why.
{版本2}
年09月01日Task1托福口语真题回忆:选知名度高的优秀的学校但是贵还是选没那么名气好的学校,但是有奖学金拿。
Without hesitation, I will definitely go for the well-known one with the outstanding academic program.
For one thing(Well), as we all know, the reputation and education standard will allow a student to land a decent job. If I attend a relatively brilliant university, such as Yale or Stanford I could find lots of occupations easily with fat salaries when pursuing careers in the future. // For another(Plus), the ultimate purpose for us to attend the university is to improve all-round qualities through high level of education rather than simply earn money.
Task 2
{版本1}
阅读:学生建议取消理科学。
原因:学生不一定感兴趣;减少学习理科时间用来完成学位。
听力:不同意。
理由:拓宽学习的范围才有价值;只要计划的好就可以及时毕业,并且还可以参加学校的暑期课程。
{版本2}
取消science学科学生的非本专业人类学课程。
1、花时间在不感兴趣的课程上,浪费时间;
2、不能在四年毕业。
女生不同意,原因:
1、不同学科能给学生机会来发现感兴趣的专业,比如自己刚上大学的时候选的是化学,上了历史课之后,发现对历史感兴趣,转修了历史;
2、只要自己计划的好就可以四年毕业,并且还可以参加学校的暑期课程。
Task 3
阅读:一些动物利用周围的环境伪装自己,以逃避捕食者。
例子:新西兰蜘蛛。蜘蛛把一种薄且细长的叶子,晒干成棕色,然后在网上放很多这种叶子,为蜘蛛逃命时争取时间。
Task 4
思想强化的两种形式:积极和消极。
例子:积极就是每
次早到公司就吃最喜欢吃的早饭。消极就是免去一个早上洗澡的习惯,使自己不讨厌早起,改成晚上洗。
2019年9月1日托福阅读考试真题及答案
1、鸟类是恐龙的后代;
2、陨石为什么对地球形成有影响;
3、落叶树与长青树;
4、讲fish在temperate water和permanent water,然后fungi在这俩不同环境里对植物的作用,然后为了提高生产农业上的应用;
5、一种动物数量减少的三个因素。人为的物种引进,但是climate最显著,让migrate提前;
6、讲化学风化和生物风化 。chemistry weathering 跟biology weathering,讲rock腐蚀。有三种过程:水化 氧化和碳酸化, 化学的有三种:湿度、氧气、钙化物;
7、temporary pools,主要说生物在这些pool里的好处,比如说main predator fish没法在那个dry的环境里生存之类的
8、碳断代法在北美F考古点的应用。最初的研究发现人类最早在north American,是F群落,然后研究sample来证明中间出了问题,但是后来reexam的时候证实了,但是后来又discovery了一些spearpoints,发现其实Celvius更早。是Radio Carbon一个方法分析一个人种的时间,大长段落。一直以为是很古老的,但是俩人做了research以后发现比它年轻很多,然后有人又做了research证明确实如此;
9、在16世纪,欧洲人口增长了大约三分之一。人口的增长极大地影响了普通欧洲人的生活。第一阶段的增长有益的,农场的盈余带动了城镇的经济增长。然而随着人口增多 问题也逐渐显现,对政府财政和普通人的生活都造成了严重影响;
10、土星pluto’s status;
11、蝙蝠定位bats echolocation
12、New England农业
13、天文,chronites
14、动物数量和捕食数量,成功率的关联;
15、19世纪美国的文化与艺术。主要讲美国文学从英国中分离,逐渐演化出国家特色和民族特色,举了很多名人、作家和艺术家的例子;
16、一篇讲bat,超声波回声定位,很精准可以捕捉猎物。
推荐阅读:
怎样稳固托福阅读成绩
托福阅读考试审题技巧
托福阅读考试加试怎么考
如何提升托福阅读答题速度
篇9:托福115分备考经验
托福115分学员自述 四科考试备考经验分享
【听力】
听力我把官方真题Official34套题一字一句的精听了两遍。第二遍用的是1.5倍速。其实我觉得托福的听力语速真的很慢。如果听不懂原因八成都是单词不认识或者不熟。所以我有把听力中不认识的单词都记了下来然后背过。另外,听力集中精力很重要,有时候一走神出题点就过去了,这就是我自己做题的时候基本上只错细节题的原因。
【阅读】
建议大家阅读不要用纸质资料练习。因为我个人的阅读速度受阅读材料的质感、排版甚至字号的影响很大。我阅读有做笔记的习惯,在演草纸上把梗概写下来,这对于最后文章概括题帮助还是很大的。阅读我也是把官方真题Official做了两遍多,有时候甚至做第二遍比第一遍收获还大。其实托福阅读的答案都很明显,有时候有一种初中政治题的感觉。每次错题基本上都是因为不细心,尤其是最后的总结题。阅读很需要把心静下来,有时候我觉得自己浮躁就去刷套阅读,效果显著。
另外,词汇题我下了一点点功夫,我把无老师的词汇题背了下来。帮助还是挺大的,不仅是对阅读。
【口语】
口语真是我又恨又爱的一科。最后这个26分也是差强人意。独立题最重要的就是多做多积累。我把亦鸥上的144道独立题全做了,都录了音,然后把每个题的答题思路都写了下来。后来我发现我竟然还两次上了亦鸥的勤奋榜。做完这些题就游刃有余多了,见招拆招。但是我觉得最近独立题在变难,所以考试的时候表现不是那么好。
关于综合题,还是要用好官方真题Official。我把官方真题Official里所有的综合题都做了然后录了音。刷题的过程中,我会找到适合每一题的语速,调整记笔记的方法,然后锻炼用自己的话来表达的能力。所以刷题还是很必要和有效的。
【写作】
到我的写作成绩我心都碎了。一战拿到写作30的时候就害怕保持不住,结果真就退步了。不过想到自己已经做了足够的努力,也就觉得分数不那么重要。
写作其实一直是我心里最没底的一科。面对独立写作各种奇怪的题目,我经常为找不到论点和论据而犯愁。这个问题其实到了最后也没有被彻底解决。对于写作我觉得一个秘诀就是“自圆其说”。不管你说的对不对,只要你相信自己说的对,然后以一种给人洗脑的姿态把你说的话都往论点上靠就行。解决完了文章结构和内容的问题我就开始加长文章长度。一战的时候我只写了585个字,后来渐渐地我就稳定在七百字左右了。考试的时候也是七百出头。只拿了29分也不能怨天尤人,肯定是文章内容不太充实。
最后还有三点想强调:
1. 我一本单词书都没背。相比背单词,我更喜欢在学习中积累。把听力、阅读中不认识的单词都积累下来然后背过,这样记忆会更深刻持久。
2. 官方真题Official乃托福备考之魂!尤其是对于听力和阅读。非常接近真实的考试,而且可以提供足够的背景知识。
3. ipad的确是个好东西!
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Many prehistoric people subsisted as hunters and gatherers. Undoubtedly, game animals, including some very large species, provided major components of human diets. An important controversy centering on the question of human effects on prehistoric wildlife concerns the sudden disappearance of so many species of large animals at or near the end of the Pleistocene epoch. Most paleontologists suspect that abrupt changes in climate led to the mass extinctions. Others, however, have concluded that prehistoric people drove many of those species to extinction through overhunting. In their Pleistocene overkill hypothesis, they cite what seems to be a remarkable coincidence between the arrival of prehistoric peoples in North and South America and the time during which mammoths, giant ground sloths, the giant bison, and numerous other large mammals became extinct.
Perhaps the human species was driving others to extinction long before the dawn of history. Hunter-gatherers may have contributed to Pleistocene extinctions in more indirect ways. Besides overhunting, at least three other kinds of effects have been suggested: direct competition, imbalances between competing species of game animals, and early agricultural practices. Direct competition may have brought about the demise of large carnivores such as the saber-toothed cats. These animals simply may have been unable to compete with the increasingly sophisticated hunting skills of Pleistocene people.
Human hunters could have caused imbalances among game animals, leading to the extinctions of species less able to compete. When other predators such as the gray wolf prey upon large mammals, they generally take high proportions of each year's crop of young. Some human hunters, in contrast, tend to take the various age-groups of large animals in proportion to their actual occurrence. If such hunters first competed with the larger predators and then replaced them, they may have allowed more young to survive each year, gradually increasing the populations of favored species. As these populations expanded, they in turn may have competed with other game species for the same environmental niche, forcing the less hunted species into extinction. This theory, suggests that human hunters played an indirect role in Pleistocene extinctions by hunting one species more than another.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The effects of human activities on prehistoric wildlife
(B) The origins of the hunter-gatherer way of life
(C) The diets of large animals of the Pleistocene epoch
(D) The change in climate at the end of the Pleistocene epoch
2. The word Undoubtedly in line 1 is closest in meaning to
(A) occasionally
(B) unexpectedly
(C) previously
(D) certainly
3. The word components in line 2 is closest in meaning to
(A) parts
(B) problems
(C) changes
(D) varieties
4. Which of the following is mentioned as supporting the Pleistocene overkill hypothesis?
(A) Many of the animals that became extinct were quite large.
(B) Humans migrated into certain regions around the time that major extinctions occurred.
(C) There is evidence that new species were arriving in areas inhabited by humans.
(D) Humans began to keep and care for certain animals.
5. The word Besides in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) caused by
(B) whereas
(C) in addition to
(D) in favor of
6. The author mentions saber-toothed cats in line 17 as an example of a carnivore that
(A) became extinct before the Pleistocene epoch
(B) was unusually large for its time
(C) was not able to compete with humans
(D) caused the extinction of several species
7. The word they in line 22 refers to
(A) human hunters
(B) game animals
(C) other predators
(D) large mammals
8. According to the passage , what is one difference between the hunting done by some humans
and the hunting done by gray wolves?
(A) Some humans hunt more frequently than gray wolves.
(B) Gray wolves hunt in larger groups than some humans.
(C) Some humans can hunt larger animals than gray wolves can hunt.
(D) Some humans prey on animals of all ages, but gray wolves concentrate their efforts on young
animals.
9. The word favored in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) large
(B) escaping
(C) preferred
(D) local
10. According to the passage , the imbalances discussed in paragraph 3 may have resulted from
(A) the effect of climate changes on large game animals
(B) large animals moving into a new environment
(C) humans hunting some species more than others
(D) older animals not being able to compete with younger animals
PASSAGE 75 ADABC CCDCC
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Under the Earth's topsoil, at various levels, sometimes under a layer of rock, there are deposits of clay. Look at cuts where highways have been built to see exposed clay beds; or look at a construction site, where pockets of clay may be exposed. Rivers also reveal clay along their banks, and erosion on a hillside may make clay easily accessible. What is clay made of? The Earth's surface is basically rock, and it is this rock that gradually decomposes into clay. Rain, streams, alternating freezing and thawing, roots of trees and plants forcing their way into cracks, earthquakes, volcanic action, and glaciers — all of these forces slowly break down the Earth's exposed rocky crust into smaller and smaller pieces that eventually become clay.
Rocks are composed of elements and compounds of elements. Feldspar, which is the most abundant mineral on the Earth's surface, is basically made up of the oxides silica and alumina combined with alkalis like potassium and some so-called impurities such as iron. Feldspar is an essential component of granite rocks, and as such it is the basis of clay. When it is wet, clay can be easily shaped to make a variety of useful objects, which can then be fired to varying degrees of hardness and covered with impermeable decorative coatings of glasslike material called glaze. Just as volcanic action, with its intense heat, fuses the elements in certain rocks into a glasslike rock called obsidian, so can we apply heat to earthen materials and change them into a hard, dense material. Different clays need different heat levels to fuse, and some, the low-fire clays, never become nonporous and watertight like highly fired stoneware. Each clay can stand only a certain amount of heat without losing its shape through sagging or melting. Variations of clay composition and the temperatures at which they are fired account for the differences in texture and appearance between a china teacup and an earthenware flowerpot.
1. The author's main point in paragraph 1 is that clay deposits
(A) conceal layers of rock
(B) can be found in various places
(C) are usually small
(D) must be removed from construction sites
2. It can be inferred from the passage that clay is LEAST likely to be plentiful in which of the following areas?
(A) in desert sand dunes
(B) in forests
(C) on hillsides
(D) near rivers
3. The word accessible in line 4 is closest in meaning to
(A) buried
(B) improved
(C) available
(D) workable
4. According to the passage , rock breaks down into clay under all of the following conditions
EXCEPT when
(A) it is exposed to freezing and thawing
(B) roots of trees force their way into cracks
(C) it is combined with alkalis
(D) natural forces wear away the Earth's crust
5. Why does the author mention feldspar in line 10?
(A) It is often used as a substitute for clay.
(B) It is damaged by the oxides in clay.
(C) Its presence indicates inferior clay.
(D) It is a major component of clay.
6. The word it in line 13 refers to
(A) iron
(B) feldspar
(C) granite
(D) clay
7. Based on the information in the passage , it can be inferred that low-fire clays are MOST
appropriate for making objects that
(A) must be strong
(B) can be porous
(C) have a smooth texture
(D) are highly decorated
8. The phrase account for in line 22 is closest in meaning to
(A) reduce
(B) explain
(C) combine with
(D) list all of
9. The passage supports which of the following conclusions?
(A) Clay deposits are only found deep in the Earth.
(B) If clay contains too much iron it will melt when fired.
(C) Only certain types of clay are appropriate for making china teacups.
(D) If sufficient heat is applied, all clay will become nonporous.
PASSAGE 76 BACCD BBBC
篇10:sat满分作文
In a world where economic prosperity and “getting ahead” in work and technology are highly valued, creativity and the arts are often shunted in favor of more “practical” pursuits.
Students abandon dreams of acting or painting in order to major in medicine, computer technology, or engineering: highly profitable and scientific fields. Even with the advances in these fields, however, there is still a need for creativity in our world, because seeing things in a new way can make all the difference.
Today, more and more public schools are forced to abandon their arts programs to make time for subjects like science and math: subjects in which all students must have a basic knowledge in order to succeed in higher education. However, by leaving these programs behind, children are deprived of the creative stimulation that the arts provide, and are taught to view the world in “black and white” terms: one right answer to every problem.
With a view such as this, how will children perform in the future? It may be assumed that all people will see things the same way, and propose only one solution to a problem, failing to see the bigger picture.
Creativity has obviously influenced earlier generations in a positive way, so there is no need to eliminate creativity from our world. What would have happened if Franklin Roosevelt had never proposed his New Deal? The Great Depression might have persisted for some time, robbing even more families of their chance at prosperity and happiness. However, by proposing a new, creative solution for the problem of the U.S.’s depression,
FDR pulled the nation out of its slump. Another example of how creativity has positively influenced the world happened just recently,
with the introduction of hybrid cars. These new cars do not rely on as much oil as other cars do in order to operate, using alternative energy sources instead. Without the creative minds behind the invention of these cars, the world would rely so much on its limited oil reserves that fuel would eventually run out. Because of creativity, the world has a chance to find other energy sources.
Though these practical applications for creativity are conducive to everyone, the common man benefits even more from the stimulation that the arts provide. In a world dominated by political powers and torn apart by war, entertainers in the arts can inspire hope and change in everyone.
A child watching a Charlie Chaplin film might decide to join the gymnastics team, or a woman observing a Monet painting in a museum might become an elementary school art teacher: who knows? The arts can transport people to other places, into different ways of thinking.
The importance of creativity in the world today is enormous,
for it has both pragmatic and “important” applications. Creativity is both a source for inspiration and a problem-solving method, and without it, our world would greatly suffer.
Why Essay #2 Received a Score of 6
[sat满分作文]
篇11:SAT优秀作文
SAT优秀作文
Prompt:
When you reach an obstacle, turn it into an opportunity. You have the choice. You can overcome and be a winner, or you can allow it to overcome you, and be a loser. It is far better to be exhausted from success than to be rested from failure.--Mary Kay Ash
Assignment:
What is your view of the idea that every obstacle can be turned into an opportunity? Plan and write an essay in which you develop your point of view on this issue. Support your po-sition with reasoning and examples taken from your reading, studies, experience, or obser-vations.
Essay Sample:
Every obstacle can be turned into an opportunity, if one has the right attitude or perspective. People with this attitude are buoyant, not easily discouraged, and welcome challenges and adversity. One personal example took place in sixth grade, when I broke my hand by falling off my bicycle. The doctor had to put it into a cast.
The cast was a real obstacle. It was on my right hand, the one I write with. It looked like homework would be impossible! But I learned to type with one hand, and I did my English and social studies work on the typewrite. My mom helped me by writing out my math homework based on answers I gave her. The expe-rience sure helped my typing! It also made me learn the value of work, and gave me a chance to really learn to appreciate my mother.
篇12:SAT作文技巧
SAT作文技巧分享
最后一点关于语言,这是个很大的话题,今天只谈谈里面的一个小方面,就是中国同学受中式思维的影响比较久,在写英文句子的时候也显的`有些散,短句太多,有些句子貌似很长但细细看发现还是and连接的两个短句,显得不是很紧凑。比如下面这个句子:
Conscience can illustrate the right and wrong in the developing society and the truly value we exist in the world. Money and power are just our achievement.
首先句子想表达是良心很重要,因为给了我们是非观,同时让我们明白我们生存的意义,但是句子语法错误还是有的。第二句话的跳跃太快,突然变成钱和力量只是我们的成就,让读者觉得很困惑。
我做了如下的修改 :
To me, conscience is a stronger motivator in comparison with money, power and fame, for it not only shows us what is right and wrong but also the value of our existence, namely, what we can contribute to the society. 我进一步细化了概念,为后面写例子做铺垫。其中第二点说生存的价值即对社会的贡献,可以谈到很多人,比如Andrew Carnegie 和Bill Gates,都是把万贯家财捐献给社会的人。
以上从三个方面作了简单的点拨,不过作文绝对是一个长线工作,需要考生们大量的时间去练习和修改。不过作为赛达的同学要始终对自己充满足够信心,因为有勇气来挑战这个考试,本身就是一件很了不起的事了,你们都是很棒的学生,一定能通过自己的努力去获得自己想要的生活。
篇13:SAT作文类别
SAT作文类别分享
一.逆境,挫折,失败。
1.Is conflict helpful?
2.Is it necessary to make mistakes, even when doing so has negative consequences for other people?
3.Can any obstacle or disadvantage be turned into something good?
4.Does true learning only occur when we experience difficulties?
5.Do people truly benefit from hardship and misfortune?
6.Do you think that ease does not challenge us and that we need adversity to help us discover who we are?
7.Do people learn more from losing than winning?
二.英雄,名人,领导。
1.Are leaders necessarily people who are most capable of leadership?
2.Is societys admiration for famous people beneficial or harmful?
3.Is there a value in celebrating certain individuals as heroes?
4.Should we admire heroes but not celebrities?
5.Should heroes be defined who say what they think when we lack the courage to say so?
篇14:经验:面试超分经验谈
成绩公布了,已成功翻盘,特来还愿,
面经算不上,先谈谈我准备面试的经历,希望对大家有帮助:
当笔试成绩公布后,我看下了分差并不大,与录取的最后一名只差0.5分(还是低调点,就不说岗位和排名了),且每名分差在0.02-0.05之间,记下前后几个人的名字这点很重要,为何重要后面慢慢说。
下面开始说我是怎么准备的,我以前也参加过两次面试,都没认真准备,所以是一败涂地,连网上说的什么套路啊模板什么的啥都不知道,所以说先了解模板和套路是必须的,建议第一次参加面试的考友去报个基础的培训班,注意只是基础的就行了,其他那些啥班啥班的都没必要,只为学习套路和模板,让你在面试的时候有话可说,遇到不会的题目有模板可以套。我是在淘宝上买的盗版华图视频来看的,也只是看了下伍景玉老师讲的基础班和郜爽老师讲的面试礼仪。当然现在论坛上的模板和套路也很多,只不过全是文字的。哎!我这个人比较懒,字看多了就想睡觉,所以说对我来说还是视频看起实在些。
了解了模板后就要开始练习,这时找个人来指点和模拟面试就是必须的了,但要注意模拟面试不要过多,保证每天一次就够了,别贪多,小心物极必反。可以找个参加了面试且成功了的人,也可以找个对这方面很有经验的人,或者是实在找不到的话就上平台,现在里面高人很多,再不行的话就把哈密录音多听两遍吧,一定要让别人指出你的缺点,并且改正。模拟面试一定要找一个或者两个平时比较严肃的人,让你看到他就紧张的那种,这样你会发现开始答题的时候会很紧张,慢慢的变得不怎么紧张,到真正考试的时候已经完全放开了。还有就是你练习时一定要跳出模板来答题,要不然你所答出来的全是别人说过的,特别是抽签比较靠后的考友,要多想那些观点正确对策合理且考官一定又没听过的来讲,我面试的时候两次都抽到后面,我后考的时候就在不断的想,哪种类型的题要怎么答才有亮点,才是考官没听过的,要多结合自己在实际工作学习中遇到的看到的来说,切记不要点到就为止了,一定要细化,但细化并不代表嗦,这点一定要把握好。就像哈密帮主说的鹤立鸡群你能保证你就是那只鹤吗?要让考官一眼就看见你,答题要有亮点,要像一把尖刀一样插到考官面前去。平时可以多看下中央国家机关的题,把握他们的出题思路。
下面说下着装,男生一点过要西装领带皮鞋,女生套装或套裙,且颜色搭配上一定要庄重,特别是男生的领带一定要注意颜色,我当时去面试的时候我们考试只有一个人穿的夹克,其余全是西装,别以为仪表这5分不重要,要想翻盘就要把每一分都抓住了,而且人的首映效应是相当重要的,看上去是5分,其实着装好了远远不止这五分,而且有的面试举止仪表是10分啊,
备考资料
和我一起去参加面试的一个同学,她当时就穿的羽绒服进了考场,结果面试下来被人家以0.02分翻盘,后来真的是欲哭无泪,特别提醒平时没穿过正装的考友可以在面试前的一晚上先把衣服穿上自己对着镜子练练,或者是平时模拟的时候就穿一下,这样免得上了考场不自在。
当进了候考试后别以为你就没事了,这时你要做的就是把你记下来的那几个人找到,这就是你的竞争对手,与他们多沟通,多交谈,特别要注意你认为比你优秀的人,一定要与他们多交流,要学习他们的优点,答题的时候加以发挥,并找到他们的缺点,找缺点干什么,就不用我多说了吧,这就是你的突破口。尽量留下他们的联系电话,待面试完后好互相询问成绩,这样你心里也就有个谱了。
说了这么多,简单说下我认为面试最重要的两点:一是自信;二是人品。
自信一定要有,但也不要过度了,骄兵必败,面试前多调节下自己的心态,让自己适度紧张就行了。我出发前吃饭的时候对自己家里人说,把肉给我准备好,看我怎么把面试第一名拿回来的,结果我真的成功了。早晨出发前对着镜子多说两遍:“你最牛逼”,然后出发,进考场。……还有什么的,我忘了以后想起了慢慢说。
还有就是人品了,我当遇到的考题,一个是与我平时工作相关的,一个是我在考场乱翻了一页书,准备趴在桌子上睡觉的时候看见的,当时真是人品大爆发了,这时不要慌,把这两道题尽量答好,尽可能的深入,要多观察考官的表情,这样你就知道哪些他想听,哪些不想听。说到人品,还是要靠平时积累的,看贴要多回,遇到成功的要多跟,多沾喜气。我当时在进考场前都还来坛子许愿,收到了很多坛友的祝福,在这里谢过了!
篇15:光大上分笔试经验
光大上分笔试经验
之前在网上看到说好多要考专业题和光大的历史啊什么的弄得我好紧张
后来又翻到一篇去年的说是只考了行测和性格测试,。。觉得大概改革过了 所以今天去的时候还是比较放心的。。
切入正题。。
考试一共65分钟。 好几个教室没有准考证进去随便坐
然后我们教室大概就坐了三分之一的人吧
监考给了张小纸条有个网址 再按照网页显示输入邮箱名字还有公司编号
除了名字其他都会告诉你的
然后第一页是填写自己的基本信息
填完就可以答了。。。
顺便吐槽一下输入法。。。。我平时用惯了搜狗真心不习惯啊
看人家都进入做了我还在填资料= =
一开始是行测 问语病啊数字题图形 就平常练得那种
我考过交工农建,
。感觉这次简单多了。。。就是时间不够用
一共十五页昨晚要全部昨晚才能下一页而且翻了就不能回看了
做了三页左右发现快半个钟头没了。。当时急啊。。
然后会做的赶紧不会的蒙。。。。然后还剩十多分钟的时候终于做到了第七还是第八页发现居然是性格测试了。。。
早知道就留个5分钟左右做后面的'。。可是不知道啊!!!
做完全部的大概还剩五分多钟吧= =然后只能出考场了
话说好多人半个多钟头就出去了
再说回前面行测的
题目真的蛮简单的
但是来不及算。。就那个资料分析题(尤其对比建行)真的好容易 如果能有个计算机就好了!!!
数字题大概也是算一半蒙一半。。。
图形题有个图好小压根不知道画了什么然后蒙的反正没英语
唉~~~~回去的时候听说这两天就会出结果的
篇16:托福119分备考经验详解
托福119分是如何办到的?详解他们的备考经验
先说背景:英语专业,也许算是基础较好?但是自我感觉英语实际水平没有很好,至少不是理论上能得119的水平。
备考过程及材料:时间只有21天,阅读听力只做了官方真题Official,每天刷一套,先做了第一套觉得不难就跳到了8,后面的做完了回头才刷的前几套,没做完。口语1-2题每天尽量抽时间练,用亦鸥,开始练了点真题,然后准备了黄金80题,都写了稿的,比较简单的只写要说的点,难的写稿。大范围机经出了以后把机经题也都练了。3-6题分几次练,每次都是集中练习,但是似乎也没有找到传说中的感觉= =作文最后10天开始准备素材和模板,最后几天才练笔。
可以看到我准备的过程还是比较仓促,所以这就是我自认为没有考好的根本原因,只有理论自信没有道路自信啊!!但是iBT终究是一个考试,既然是考试就可以有应对方式。接下来分四部分来具体谈,每部分再分成4小部分:1)自认为没有考好的原因2)实际上考好的可能原因3)一点经验4)可以提高的地方,如果备考时间充足的话
鉴于每种题具体的方法论的东西网上很多了,我只说一些个人比较有感想的地方。
阅读备考:
1) 自认为没有考好的原因:
准备的过程中有一段时间每天都错很多,最多一次错了11个,5、6个也是常有的事,一遇到数理化天文地质的题就懵,经常看了半天不知道说啥,导致信心严重受挫。而且注意力常常不能集中,看着密密麻麻的字就是读不进去。考试当天遇到一题讲日本气候的,好几个题都不确定。然后也遇到了进入不了状态的问题。
2) 实际上考好的可能原因:
考试时的状态还是和平时不同的,注意力水平肯定还是上了一个台阶,在一定程度的紧张的带动下。平时做题可能由于当时的状态和心理上的不够重视导致错题较多,但要相信自己考试的时候一定能拿出最佳状态的!
3) 一点经验:
我个人是先看题再从文章找。但是会先看题目和每段的段首句大概了解下主题,也有助于做最后一题的时候分清主次。
平时的错题一定要分析常错题型,去网上看人家是怎么分析的,不同题型的应对方式很多大牛讲过,就不赘述了。那如果每种题型都有怎么办?我就遇到了,那只能各个击破咯。不要就绝望了,要相信这很可能是状态问题!
另外,考试最好能留出一点时间检查,我就查出了一道错题。但是第三篇还是没来得及检查,前面做的还是慢了吧。
4) 可以提高的地方:
对于不熟悉的题材其实可以多看看纪录片和背景资料,这样心里有谱一点,增强道路自信啊!
提高阅读速度其实也挺重要,这个需要大量练习的,方法论网上多的是。
另外我建议一开始做阅读的时候先用纸质版,因为长时间对着电脑复习真的很累,还消磨意志,我在备考过程中屡次breakdown,很大程度上是疲劳作战导致的。所以建议复习后半段再用软件。
听力备考:
1) 自认为没有考好的原因:
平时做听力就老走神,考试也走了。不熟悉的题材和阅读一样hold不住。果然就被扣了一分啊。
2) 实际上考好的可能原因:
其实没有考好= =毕竟阅读听力还是相对容易满分的
3) 一点经验:
也谈不上经验了,就是关于要不要记笔记的问题,我个人是记的,但是确实有点影响听的过程,而且笔记记的不好,回头找常常看不懂自己写的啥= =所以还是看个人习惯吧。
另外听SSS是个好方法,能提高听不熟悉题材的能力和专注度。
4) 可以提高的地方:
我相信大量练习可以解决听和记同时进行的问题的!想想那些同传!!!如果能形成自己的一套笔记符号是最好不过的,但是我没有= =
然后专注力的问题我觉得也是练出来的玩意儿,除了多听以外,有一些小游戏是可以提高专注力的,每天玩一小会放松一下也好啊。像国外的Lumosity这样的网站就很好,但是要收费= =国内有个爱海豚可以试试。另外其实连连看这种游戏也行的啊
口语备考:
1) 自认为没有考好的原因:
我大概属于哑巴英语,表达障碍。刚开始练习的时候15s啥也想不到,45s能讲几句话而已。后来练得多了有所提高,但是感觉自己口头表达还是不好,经常想不到要用的词啊,忘加第三人称啊,he/she不分啊。考试那天1、2题倒比较顺,没想到4、5题都没说完,而且最后一句都很慌乱,基本上语法糟乱语意不明。尤其第4题我因为最开始的笔记没有补全,所以第一句话就结巴了好久,最后说出来的句子语法估计也是错的。第6题还用错词的情况,想说踩这个词把tread说成trap….. 总之当时就觉得完了肯定是两个fair.
2) 实际上考好的可能原因:
口音!!我觉得自己的语音总体上标准,只是口张得不够大有些词发音不到位,语调呢还是下降调多,偏中式一点。虽然远非完美,但这就已经足够给评分人留下好印象了。
另一个原因可能是因为我基本上没怎么用模板,用也是捡短的来说。最后得满分大概印证了想要高分就抛弃冗长模板的说法,也证明了最后一句没说完没有关系,只要前面说的还不错给考官留下总体上的好印象就好。
3) 一点经验:
先说口音,一定要录下来自己听,如果实在听不出来问题就去找老师或者程度好的同学听他们意见。关于跟读身边确实有人用这个方法提高的,我自己没怎么练过所以没有发言权。
1-2题的准备,80题一定要做,这是积累语料的过程。尽量想一些比较特别的个人化的答案,最好别用网上流行的万金油答案。如果题特别难,你一下懵了答不上来,那不妨据实以告,然后谈你对这个话题不熟悉的原因。比如问你生活中遇到的一大困难,你觉得自己这辈子还挺顺风顺水也没遇着啥大困难,那你就实话实说,然后为啥很顺利呢?Because I’ve been following the same path taken by most of the youngsters across the country, and it’s also the one chosen by my parents. 然后blabla…这个方法是外教讲的,反正不管怎样,keep talking! 举例也很重要,最好具体一点。考试时候第1题是机经,问提高教育水平的一个方法。我的回答是pay-rise for teachers. 然后举的例子是我去支教的时候发现那里的老师have to do farming work to help secure a living. I saw no passion on their faces. They didn’t have a sense of mission that they were there to educate. 其实我没去过支教的地儿而且据说支教的地方条件都还挺好= =总之多发挥聪明才智及想象力吧!!!
3-6题的准备我认为集中练习还是挺好的,有利于总结不同题型,建立相应的模板。这样在考试的时候可以快速分辨这是个phenomenon or principal or what,然后平稳地开始讲述,讲好开头是非常重要的!可以提升信心。
还有个tips, 最好把笔记举起来方便斜眼看时间。
4) 可以提高的地方:
我3-6题自认为没考好根本上还是因为准备的不够,我只做了官方真题Official,然后亦鸥上面的题目似乎不好,就没有再做了。没想到什么好的解决之道。我想如果备战时间长,也许可以把官方真题Official多练几遍。从长远的角度讲,要提高口语还是要多张嘴,这点我确实做的不好。
其它有关写作的备考经验及备考心得详见论坛:bbs.zhan.com/thread-355019-1-1.html
以上就是小编为大家的托福119分备考经验,希望对大家的托福备考有帮助。最后,小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Of all modern instruments, the violin is apparently one of the simplest. It consists in essence of a hollow, varnished wooden sound box, or resonator, and a long neck, covered with a fingerboard, along which four strings are stretched at high tension. The beauty of design, shape, and decoration is no accident: the proportions of the instrument are determined almost entirely by acoustical considerations. Its simplicity of appearance is deceptive. About 70 parts are involved in the construction of a violin. Its tone and its outstanding range of expressiveness make it an ideal solo instrument. No less important, however, is its role as an orchestral and chamber instrument. In combination with the larger and deeper-sounding members of the same family, the violins form the nucleus of the modern symphony orchestra.
The violin has been in existence since about 1550. Its importance as an instrument in its own right dates from the early 1600's, when it first became standard in Italian opera orchestras. Its stature as an orchestral instrument was raised further when in 1626 Louis XIII of France established at his court the orchestra known as Les vingt-quatre violins du Roy (The King's 24 Violins), which was to become widely famous later in the century.
In its early history, the violin had a dull and rather quiet tone resulting from the fact that the strings were thick and were attached to the body of the instrument very loosely. During the eighteenth and nineteenth century, exciting technical changes were inspired by such composer-violinists as Vivaldi and Tartini. Their instrumental compositions demanded a fuller, clearer, and more brilliant tone that was produced by using thinner strings and a far higher string tension. Small changes had to be made to the violin's internal structure and to the fingerboard so that they could withstand the extra strain. Accordingly, a higher standard of performance was achieved, in terms of both facility and interpretation. Left-hand technique was considerably elaborated, and new fingering patterns on the fingerboard were developed for very high notes.
1. The word standard in line 12 is closest in meaning to
(A) practical
(B) customary
(C) possible
(D) unusual
2. The King's 24 Violins is mentioned in line 15 to illustrate
(A) how the violin became a renowned instrument
(B) the competition in the 1600's between French and Italian orchestras
(C) the superiority of French violins
(D) why the violin was considered the only instrument suitable to be played by royalty
3. What is the main idea presented in paragraph 3?
(A) The violin has been modified to fit its evolving musical functions.
(B) The violin is probably the best known and most widely distributed musical instrument in the
world.
(C) The violin had reached the height of its popularity by the middle of the eighteenth century.
(D) The technique of playing the violin has remained essentially the same since the 1600's.
4. The author mentions Vivaldi and Tartini in line 19 as examples of composers whose music
(A) inspired more people to play the violin
(B) had to be adapted to the violin
(C) demanded more sophisticated violins
(D) could be played only by their students
5. The word they in line 22 refers to
(A) Civaldi and Tartini
(B) thinner strings and a higher string tension
(C) small changes
(D) internal structure and fingerboard
6. The word strain in line 22 is closest in meaning to
(A) struggle
(B) strength
(C) strategy
(D) stress
7. The word Accordingly in line 23 is closest in meaning to
(A) However
(B) Consequently
(C) Nevertheless
(D) Ultimately
8. According to the passage , early violins were different from modern violins in that early violins
(A) were heavier
(B) broke down more easily
(C) produced softer tones
(D) were easier to play
9. According to the passage , which of the following contributes to a dull sound being produced
by a violin?
(A) A long fingerboard
(B) A small body
(C) High string tension
(D) Thick strings
10. Which of the following terms is defined in the passage ?
(A) resonator (line 2)
(B) solo (line 7)
(C) left-hand technique (line 25)
(D) fingering patterns (lines 24-25)
11. All of the following are mentioned in the passage as contributing to the ability to play modern
violin music EXCEPT
(A) more complicated techniques for the left hand
(B) different ways to use the fingers to play very high notes
(C) use of rare wood for the fingerboard and neck
(D) minor alterations to the structure of the instrumentANSWER KEYS
PASSAGE 100 BAACD DBCAA C
托福阅读真题原题+题目
Scientists have discovered that for the last 160,000 years, at least, there has been a consistent relationship between the amount of carbon dioxide in the air and the average temperature of the planet. The importance of carbon dioxide in regulating the Earth's temperature was confirmed by scientists working in eastern Antarctica. Drilling down into a glacier, they extracted a mile-long cylinder of ice from the hole. The glacier had formed as layer upon layer of snow accumulated year after year. Thus drilling into the ice was tantamount to drilling back through time.
The deepest sections of the core are composed of water that fell as snow 160,000 years ago. Scientists in Grenoble, France, fractured portions of the core and measured the composition of ancient air released from bubbles in the ice. Instruments were used to measure the ratio of certain isotopes in the frozen water to get an idea of the prevailing atmospheric temperature at the time when that particular bit of water became locked in the glacier.
The result is a remarkable unbroken record of temperature and of atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide. Almost every time the chill of an ice age descended on the planet, carbon dioxide levels dropped. When the global temperature dropped 9 F (5 C°), carb°on dioxide levels dropped to 190 parts per million or so. Generally, as each ice age ended and the Earth basked in a warm interglacial period, carbon dioxide levels were around 280 parts per million. Through the 160,000 years of that ice record, the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere fluctuated between 190 and 280 parts per million, but never rose much higher-until the Industrial Revolution beginning in the eighteenth century and continuing today.
There is indirect evidence that the link between carbon dioxide levels and global temperature change goes back much further than the glacial record. Carbon dioxide levels may have been much greater than the current concentration during the Carboniferous period, 360 to 285 million years ago. The period was named for a profusion of plant life whose buried remains produced a large fraction of the coal deposits that are being brought to the surface and burned today.
1. Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Chemical causes of ice ages
(B) Techniques for studying ancient layers of ice in glaciers
(C) Evidence of a relationship between levels of carbon dioxide and global temperature
(D) Effects of plant life on carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere
2. The word accumulated in line 6 is closest in meaning to.
(A) spread out
(B) changed
(C) became denser
(D) built up
3. According to the passage , the drilling of the glacier in eastern Antarctica was important
because it
(A) allowed scientists to experiment with new drilling techniques
(B) permitted the study of surface temperatures in an ice-covered region of Earth
(C) provided insight about climate conditions in earlier periods
(D) confirmed earlier findings about how glaciers are formed
4. The phrase tantamount to in line 7 is closest in meaning to
(A) complementary to
(B) practically the same as
(C) especially well suited to
(D) unlikely to be confused with
5. According to the passage , Grenoble, France, is the place where
(A) instruments were developed for measuring certain chemical elements
(B) scientists first recorded atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide
(C) scientists studied the contents of an ice core from Antarctica
(D) the relationship between carbon dioxide and temperature was discovered
6. According to the passage , scientists used isotopes from the water of the ice core to determine
which of following?
(A) The amount of air that had bubbled to the surface since the ice had formed
(B) The temperature of the atmosphere when the ice was formed
(C) The date at which water had become locked in the glacier
(D) The rate at which water had been frozen in the glacier
7. The word remarkable in line 14 is closest in meaning to
(A) genuine
(B) permanent
(C) extraordinary
(D) continuous
8. The word link in line 23 is closest in meaning to
(A) tension
(B) connection
(C) attraction
(D) distance
9. The passage implies that the warmest temperatures among the periods mentioned occurred
(A) in the early eighteenth century
(B) 160,000 years ago
(C) at the end of each ice age
(D) between 360 and 285 million years ago
10. According to the passage , the Carboniferous period was characterized by
(A) a reduction in the number of coal deposits
(B) the burning of a large amount of coal
(C) an abundance of plants
(D) an accelerated rate of glacier formation
11. The passage explains the origin of which of the following terms?
(A) glacier (line 5)
(B) isotopes (line 11)
(C) Industrial Revolution (line 21)
(D) Carboniferous period (lines 26)
PASSAGE 99 CDCBC BCBAC D
篇17:一个月首战托福111分经验
一个月首战托福111分,我是这样做的
阅读
阅读里面对我来说最难以描述的就是单词题,真的是又爱又恨,因为会的时候就是一道送分题,不会的时候就是一道送命题啊,经常剩下两个选项完全符合上下文,我之前考GMAT因为是训练逻辑思维为主,没有背单词,实在没有打下坚实的基础
所以为了针对这种监介的状况呢,我就下载了单词app,选择托福考试词库,背背背背
单词量的增加,不仅能让我们规避阅读词汇题里的幸福二选一,也能在听力部分助我们一臂之力
杀托的日子,让我们一起每天欢乐记单词!
六选三是很多同学有跟我提起过的杀托小bug,我觉得在这个题型中基本上要靠有效的排除选出最终的三个小淘气
我的排除思路很简单:
1.排除与文章相悖或无关的选项,“你怎么连话都说不清楚”,out!
2.排除细节选项,可能是某个具体地点,可能是某个具体例子,等等,这些选项成为干扰项的可能性更大,甚至有时就是文章的原话,但是这样就能蒙混过我的火眼金睛吗? O U T!
3.比较少见,前面两步之后还剩四个选项,这时候就回归原文揣测意图表达的东西,选出三个最优解。
官方真题Official的重要性在于它的计时功能,让我们有贴合考试的临场紧张感,提升注意力集中水平,这样多练习以后就不至于在真正考试时因为不适应而影响发挥,比如我练了几套之后提前五分钟做完阅读就无压力了(自信的围笑)
机经!!!敲黑板划重点了同学们
机经是镇定剂而不是大米饭,不能一日三餐地吃,它是考前24h稳定心神用的,我们不能预期我们就一定考到原题,但主题方向很准确,比如是地质学关于地球年龄的呀,还是生物类进化演变的呀,所以从机经中我们需要抽取考试预测信息的大方向,主要去明确文章要点,三十六计,理解为上!
听力
一、先放一波靠谱练习材料吧,谁让本次分享都是满满干货呢,快夸我快夸我
科学美国人,语速较快,练反应;
老托93篇跟读,涉及知识面广,用于术语单词和现象解释的素材积累;
官方真题Official,一练笔记,二练精听,磨一磨耳朵;
机经,音频较少有,很珍贵,有的话就要逐句精听;通常是记住大意和一些出题点,这样考试碰到的话即使意外没听全也能够选到正确答案呢!
二、认真记笔记
认真记笔记
认真记笔记
并不是像我一样左耳进右耳出才需要笔记!只要不是过耳不忘就要做笔记!做笔记很重要!如果和我情况类似,动笔会影响听力质量,笔记就不必做的太全(multitasking大神请随意),而是在听+理解的基础上记下要点:
主要有三大点:关键词/缩写/符号表达,平时练习时要养成自己的一套常用表达的速记方法,这样考试就不会掉链子啦
口语
口语分数不辣么高,就简单地给一些常用材料吧~
小范围真题预测要一个不落的练了,这个是一定的
然后我们来看Task 1-2
我会听一些TED演讲,它与托福听力的差别可能有点远,但是用于提升口语会让我们有如神助:语调有升有降,也能积累许多常见的口语化的表达,熟读听TED三百首,不会说英语也得说,秒变Native!
Task 3-6
除了按照机经的中英混血的描述组织好语言外
还有官方真题Official的计时训练,用于严格把控准备时间,能15秒就绝不16秒,不能15秒也直接开口绝不耍赖,锻炼准备过程和说话过程的反应速度~
作文
一、多写多练
我在考托福之前考了GMAT,觉得作文很变态,所以就一直在练,应该练了有十篇,找了英语大神帮忙批改,也每篇都认真地整理了思路,所以托福仗着曾经练过就只练了一篇,但事实证明曾经的训练没有白费!
二、快考试了,练习时间不够怎么办?
因为模考都没练作文,考试之前我心里也比较没底,所以按照小范围写作预测写出了一部分作文题的思路,写思路并不费时,每篇文章也就两点左右,但是押到题的话可以省去大把思考和组织结构的时间,专心秀英语就好了~
三、那么问题来了,怎么成功地向ETS秀出我们666的英语呢?
我把重点放在词汇和短语上:积累阅读中遇到的词汇题,这样的做法是一箭双雕的,阅读和作文都会有提高。尽量增加表达方法的多元性,不要全篇皆Therefore,多用其他同义词如Consequently,as a result等等
托福语法笔记改错——谓语动词
一、主谓一致
1. 主谓的分隔原则
S, ---,VO
主谓之间可以用定从及省略形式的定从分隔
.主谓一致与主语同位语无关
2. 定语从句中的主谓一致
...noun.+that/which+V
.that, which并不反映单复数
one of 复n + that/which + 复V
the only one of 复n + that/which + 单V
3. 随前一致
together with, as well as, with, including, of
4. 随后一致
not 单n. but 复n. + 复V
not noly 单n. but also 复n. + 复V
5. 就近一致
单n. or 复n.
either 单n. or 复n.
neither 单n. nor 复n.
is he or we... 对
he or we are... 对
6. 可数名词and可数名词+复数动词
不可数名词and不可数名词+复数动词
例外:war and peace is/was
black and white is/was
bread and butter is/was
to love and to be loved is/was
7. 百分比结构
most, rest, half, majority, some, 50 percent, one percent
__+of+n.+V 由名词决定动词的单复数
8. 倒装句中的主谓一致
There be...
between , among 等介词位于句首,即引起倒装
Between ...+ be + noun.
Among...+ be + noun.
主 + 系 + 表
主系关系要一致,系表关系可以不一致
9. The+ adj.
a. 表示“一类人”用复数V
The rich are ridiculous
b. 表示某一抽象概念
The good is attractive
10. one of + 复数noun. + 单V
more than one 单数noun. + 单数V
many a + 单noun. + 单V
a + 单noun. or + two + 单V: a day or two
news 单数 measles 不可数
the series 用is/are从上下文得出
二、时态
1. in + 过去某一时间,用一般现在时
2. befort+ 过去年份,用过去完成时
3. for/since:
for后跟时间段,可用现在完成和一般过去时
since 后跟时间点,只能跟现在完成时
I have been a teacher for 3 years.
I have been a teacher since .
I was a teacher for 3 years.
4. 自然现象、真理描述用一般现在时
时态:现在完成时和一般过去时混用
一般现在时和一般过去时混用
三、语态
考主被的混用
一个证明,二个位于,三个需要,四个情感
1. 证明:prove(vi) + to be + n./adj.
prove(vt) + sth./that +句子
my advice rpoved to be wrong
2. 位于:locate永远考被动
situate 主动:把...放置;确定位置
被动:位于
3. 需要:need, want, require
┏ 情态动词+动原
┃ ┏ doing
need ┃ 实义动词 ┃ to do ...一般
┃ ┗ to be done
┗ n.词
My watch need┏ repairing. 主动表被动
┗ to be repaired.
require┏ to be done
want ┗ doing
4. 情感:please, annoy, surprise, move
I am pleased. 主语高兴
The news is pleasing. 令人高兴
使...高兴(心烦、惊讶、感动)
Franklin is so moved.
The story is so moving.
托福语法笔记改错——代词与介词
代词
一、代词的五种形式间的混用
he him himself self
主格<->宾格<-反身代词 名词
△
┃
所有格
his
(A)名词前面应该使用所有格
make she debut 错
make one’s debut
.双宾语结构例外 won him prizes 对
(B)反身代词画线--->改宾格
要使用的反身代词必须与所在句子主语一致
he killed him. 他杀
he killed himself 自杀
(C)self ,是名词,“自我”,只用于哲学, 出现永远错
二、代词的单复数 him,her-->them, 注意一下
三、代词的性别
his/her himself/herself
四、代词的人与物
Although he is employed in hte scientific field, the metric system
~~->it
is not used in the U.S.
五、关系代词
┏ which 指代物
┃ that 指代人或物 注意:who与which混用
┗ who 指代人
┏ who 主
┃ whom 宾
┗ whose 所有格
whom image --->只考过一回
~~~~->whose
.要考who和whose的混用
who + noun. 错 whose + V 错
介词
一、through/throughout
through: “穿过”、“通过”,强调动作
throughout: “贯穿”throughout his lifetime
“遍布”throughout the world
二、between/among
between the stars/trees 两两之间
among the two realms 错
三、in/inside /into
inside,in 静态,强调状态
into 动态,强调动作
air inside the house
shoot...into the sky
in + 单数noun.(无冠词),表示某一领域,某一方面,某一行业
in shape, in size
四、in/for/since
in + 1. 时刻点
2. 一段时间
for+ 1. prep. + 一段时间
2. conj. 并列连词,不能位于句首
句子,for 句子
since+1. prep., “自从”+时刻点,完成时
2. conj., “因为”Since +句子,句子
3. adv., a. 与过去时共用 = ago
...was...many years since ...
b. 与完成时连用,表示过去某个时间某个事件到现在
Tom was elected president last term, but he since has de
voted
little fo his spare time to his reponsibility.
五、of 遗漏
多余
六、by
1. be done by 只要不是固定词组,就改by
2. by doing 只要不是固定词组
3. 作品by 作者
publication by Franklin
七、固定搭配
together with = with
adv + prep = prep
托福语法笔记改错——冠词
冠词(缺失与多余为重点和难点)
(A)
1. a与an的区别 (发音而非字母)
an: herd undergraduate understanding oyster honest
a : unique university unite yawn
2. a与复数名词的混用
an outstanding methods.
3. 不定冠词a的遗漏
(1)固定短语中a的遗漏
a set of, a piece of, a variety of, a series of,
a collection of , a wide range of
a wealth of + 不可数名词(information)
(2)强调可数名词的单数概念
且无其它限定词,必须用不定冠词
也就是说,单数可数名词前必须有限定词
.v+单数可数名词 错
prep+单数可数名词 错
of humid area area可数,所以错
of prize fighter fighter可数,所以错
of raindrop 亦然
例外:a. a part of= part of
part 永远对
b. 表示职务、身份、亲属关系的词可以单独使用
Little Bush, son of George Bush, is running
for the office of president.
c. 表示“种类”名词后所接noun可单独使用
type of , kind of, sort of
d. 表示某一方面的名词可单独使用
All cells differ in function, in size, in color, in shape.
(B)定冠词 (the ,表特指)
the astronomy, the nitrogen, the iron, in the histroy,
in the nature, of the human hoby, on the right side
这些名词前都不能加the
1. 表示“独一无二”的事物
the Great Wall, the Sun, the Moon, the Earth
2. 关于序数词
.序数词只有作定语修饰noun,才必须加the
年代:in the serventeenth century
排序:the eight(h) element (is)......
.序数词考两点:a. 加不加the
b. 是eight或eithth (单词)
陷阱: a. Utah ranks first among...
b. A is second only to B.
3. adj.最高级作前置定语修饰noun,才必须加the.
the most desolate region(S)
the most ... area(s)
adj+est 后可以是复数。
4. 四大洋,河流,湖泊前必须加the
Winds from the Atlantic Ocean
5. “人体” the human body
“普通人” the average person
the common person
6. 表示“开始”与“结束”,必须加the
the beginning( 可以加s) the end
7. 学科前不加the
the astrology错
元素前不加the
Iron, Nitrogen
8. nature
a. 在自然界 in nature
b. ... of nature 本质上的
faith of natrue 发自内心的
9. history
a. 泛指“在历史上”,in history
b. 特指在某种历史上,in the history of NOS
10.乐器 play the piano(正确)
play erhu(正确)
11.城市名,州名,国家名前不加the
in Beijing , in the city of Beijing
联合名词除外:the United States
the United kingdom
a United States boy.
12.most的用法
a. 作为一个副词(adv.)修饰adj,adv,表示最高级
... are most plantiful ...
the most handsome teacher
b. adj. 大多数的
most animals 泛指
(不可以+the)+可数/不可数名词皆可
~~~~~~~~~~~~~决定谓语
c. pron.大多数,大部分
most of the animals 特指
d. a most beautiful girl
~~~~adv., very
e. most/mostly
均作副词时,most修饰形容词、副词
mostly修饰动词、介词
be composed mostly of
篇18:初中生考托福110分经验
初中生考托福110分 高分要讲究方式方法
阅读部分
托福考试首先考的是阅读部分,这个考试部分可以说是中国考生最擅长的一个考试科目了,无非就是理解能力的考验。相信从小学习英语的时候,每次的考试都会有阅读理解部分,跟这个部分是很相似的,不同的是一个是纸质考试,而托福是机考,文章篇幅偏长,这需要考生平时大量的积累词汇及练习应该是可以克服的。
在托福阅读考试中,词汇是很重要的,为此托福阅读中专门设置有词汇题。如果考生的词汇量储备不够的话,那么你的阅读理解能力将会大大降低,所以说这是托福阅读考试中至关重要的一个部分。其次 就是阅读的句法理解、段意理解乃至全文的理解是一个很费工夫的事情。在这里初三女生用到的方法就是精读的方法,每做完一篇之后会把文章的长难句翻译出来,整理每段的段意,再去分析每一道题。
听力部分
对于听力部分,可能是考生遇到困难最多的一个考试部分了,这部分的考试对于考生的理解能力的要求是很大的,同时还需要考生有一些通识基础。如何应对这样的问题考生应该如何解决呢?这时她的应对策略是理解听力材料。托福考试作为语言能力测试,要求的并不是考生在某一学科的超人能力,重点在于理解上。另外她的另外一个备考方法就是反复的多听,并且反复的去修改笔记,确定了一篇听力的一个考点都没有落下才会进行下一篇的练习。在备考时,大家可以往往个体SSS做为练习材料(SSS即科学美国人),它的语速比考试略快,但是它的选择是很接近托福考试的,最重要的是它比较短,很适合练习。即使不是为了考试,平时积累一些知识也会对你的学习有帮助的。
口语部分
从托福口语考试开始,考试就是以语音或者文字的方式时行输出了,托福口语主要是通过语音进行输出。它主要考察的是你说话的条理性,看你能否详细的展开自己的观点或陈述。托福口语考试总共有6道题,第1、2题即Task1、2为独立口语,它们的主要提高方式就是多练习,但是考生备考时要注意一个技巧,那就是要自己多分类积累语料,比如环保、学习、生活,这些话题可以写出“万金油”的答案。第3题和第5题即Task3、5,是campussituation这两题虽然内容比较轻松,但是考生要抱着做听力lecture的心态去认真对待。第4、6题即Task4、6的关键在于把握好时间,这个在复习的时候考生要反复的练习。在托福口语考试中,哪些内容一定要说,哪些内容可以省略,掌握这些才能得到得分要点,这也是大家在备考时需要重点注意和要掌握的。
写作部分
托福写作考试也是一个输出项,这里是需要通过文字的形式来输出。这部分考生需要注意的时间紧,但是字数要求也要达到。其中也分为综合写作和独立写作。综合写作中,考生一定要尽量还原原文,原则上是还原越多越好,即使原文的词句很基础,但是切忌不要照抄原文,这和综合口语里的原文复述是差不多的意思,便是字数也要达到评分标准里的要求。对于独立写作,首先考生要保证的是打字速度,在考试的30分钟里要写出500字左右或以上的文章。另外对于托福写作考试而言,平时练习的时候对于常考题目可以自制模板,这样考试的时候就很方便快捷,同时积累词句也是复习的重点。
托福考试除了复习时要认真对待,你的英语水平也是很重要的。为什么一个初三的考生可以考110左右,而你大学或者更高也不能考出好的成绩。小编认为努力复习和基础是分不开的。最后,小编预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。
托福阅读真题原题+题目
During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contributions of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. But little or no notice was taken of these contributions. During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.
Throughout the nineteenth century, this lack of visibility continued, despite the efforts of female authors writing about women. These writers, like most of their male counterparts, were amateur historians. Their writings were celebratory in nature, and they were uncritical in their selection and use of sources.
During the nineteenth century, however, certain feminists showed a keen sense of history by keeping records of activities in which women were engaged. National, regional, and local women's organizations compiled accounts of their doings. Personal correspondence, newspaper clippings, and souvenirs were saved and stored. These sources from the core of the two greatest collections of women's history in the United States one at the Elizabeth and Arthur Schlesinger Library at Radcliff Céol lege, and the other the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College. Such sources have provided valuable materials for later generations of historians.
Despite the gathering of more information about ordinary women during the nineteenth century, most of the writing about women conformed to the great women theory of history, just as much of mainstream American history concentrated on great men. To demonstrate that women were making significant contributions to American life, female authors singled out women leaders and wrote biographies, or else important women produced their autobiographies. Most of these leaders were involved in public life as reformers, activists working for women's right to vote, or authors, and were not representative at all of the great of ordinary woman. The lives of ordinary people continued, generally, to be untold in the American histories being published.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The role of literature in early American histories
(B) The place of American women in written histories
(C) The keen sense of history shown by American women
(D) The great women approach to history used by American historians
2. The word contemporary in line 6 means that the history was
(A) informative
(B) written at that time
(C) thoughtful
(D) faultfinding
3. In the first paragraph, Bradstreet, Warren, and Adams are mentioned to show that
(A) a woman's status was changed by marriage
(B) even the contributions of outstanding women were ignored
(C) only three women were able to get their writing published
(D) poetry produced by women was more readily accepted than other writing by women
4. The word celebratory in line 12 means that the writings referred to were
(A) related to parties
(B) religious
(C) serious
(D) full of praise
5. The word they in line 12 refers to
(A) efforts
(B) authors
(C) counterparts
(D) sources
6. In the second paragraph, what weakness in nineteenth-century histories does the author point
out?
(A) They put too much emphasis on daily activities
(B) They left out discussion of the influence of money on politics.
(C) The sources of the information they were based on were not necessarily accurate.
(D) They were printed on poor-quality paper.
7. On the basis of information in the third paragraph, which of the following would most likely
have been collected by nineteenth-century feminist organizations?
(A) Newspaper accounts of presidential election results
(B) Biographies of John Adams
(C) Letters from a mother to a daughter advising her how to handle a family problem
(D) Books about famous graduates of the country's first college
8. What use was made of the nineteenth-century women's history materials in the Schlesinger
Library and the Sophia Smith Collection?
(A) They were combined and published in a multivolume encyclopedia
(B) They formed the basis of college courses in the nineteenth century.
(C) They provided valuable information for twentieth-century historical researchers.
(D) They were shared among women's colleges throughout the United States.
9. In the last paragraph, the author mentions all of the following as possible roles of nineteenth-century great women EXCEPT
(A) authors
(B) reformers
(C) activists for women's rights
(D) politicians
10. The word representative in line 29 is closest in meaning to
(A) typical
(B) satisfied
(C) supportive
(D) distinctive
托福阅读真题原题+题目
The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.
In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along the Atlantic Coastline, mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were, accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locations for processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.
This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.
When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms.
Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.
(B) The evolution of cities in North America
(C) Trade between North American and European cities
(D) The effects of the United Sates' independence on urban growth in New England.
2. The word they in line 4 refers to
(A) North American colonies
(B) cities
(C) centuries
(D) town economies
3. The passage compares early European and North American cities on the basis of which of the following?
(A) Their economic success
(B) The type of merchandise they exported
(C) Their ability to distribute goods to interior settlements
(D) The pace of their development
4. The word accordingly in line 11 is closest in meaning to
(A) as usual
(B) in contrast
(C) to some degree
(D) for that reason
5. According to the passage , early colonial cities were established along the Atlantic coastline of
North America due to
(A) an abundance of natural resources
(B) financial support from colonial governments
(C) proximity to parts of Europe
(D) a favorable climate
6. The passage indicates that during colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared which of
the following for shipment to Europe?
(A) Manufacturing equipment
(B) Capital goods
(C) Consumer goods
(D) Raw materials
7. According to the passage , all of the following aspects of the plantation system influenced the
growth of southern cities EXCEPT the
(A) location of the plantations
(B) access of plantation owners to shipping
(C) relationships between plantation residents and city residents
(D) economic self-sufficiency of the plantations
8. It can be inferred from the passage that, in comparison with northern cities, most southern
cities were
(A) more prosperous
(B) smaller
(C) less economically self-sufficient
(D) tied less closely to England than to France
9. The word recorded in line 26 is closest in meaning to
(A) imagined
(B) discovered
(C) documented
(D) planned
10. The word drawing in line 28 is closest in meaning to
(A) attracting
(B) employing
(C) instructing
(D) representing
11. The passage mentions the period following the Civil War (line 29) because it was a time of
(A) significant obstacles to industrial growth
(B) decreased dependence on foreign trade
(C) increased numbers of people leaving employment on farms
(D) increased migration from northern states to southern states
答案:BBDDC DCBCA C
篇19:托福口语提分经验
托福口语提分经验分享:从23到28,细微处积聚进步
评分细则里说不重视考生的口音问题,但是口音仍然是非常基础且重要的,”说得不标准“和”带有个人风格“这两者的区分不是那么明显的。每个考生都应该进行一次严格甚至严厉的口音自查。记得BBC Learning English网站上有一套对于音标发音的示范视频,你可以一个一个地跟着练一遍。有些考生自己也知道自己的口音很不标准,带有浓厚“中国风”,那是因为你平时开口少了,口腔肌肉对于另一套语言的运动方式完全不熟悉,因此在发英语的音时还是习惯性地使用中文的口型,发出中文的音。明证就是当你反复练习一个你觉得难的词时嘴巴很容易累,或者是稍微说快一点就上下嘴皮打架了。
大声读书是绝对有必要的。但这个大声不是像疯狂英语那样吼出来,仅仅保持你平时跟人聊天的音量就行,而且,千万不要一个人瞎读,一定要模仿!学得越像越好。你可以选一个你很喜欢的影视演员,专门去找他/她的访谈视频,模仿其说话的腔调。因为你是要出国念书的,所以最好挑选一个文雅一点的模仿对象。女生的英英推荐Emma Watson(赫敏)。我偏美英,模仿过《Eat Pray Love》的作者Elizabeth Gilbert。男生最好别模仿像布拉德皮特或是《Lie To Me》男主角以及昆汀电影里的地痞口音,好听是好听,但不太适合学术生活。
选择英英或美英都可以,最好是要偏向于其中一种,因为两种口音说话的气质是完全不同的!自我感觉英英要难些,嘴收得更紧。同时,你不仅应该会说其中一种,还应该清楚两者在许多微小细节上的明确区别。你能迅速分辨一段听力材料是哪国口音吗?之前介绍听力部分讲的跟读是很管用的,尽可能录下自己的声音,放给自己听,对比原材料。你可能会发现,我去怎么这么奇怪,一点都不像,明明刚刚自己念的时候感觉挺好的。录音让你能更客观地看待自己的发音,从而知道如何调整。
除了词语本身的发音,考生还应该着重练习略读和连读。第一步是能听懂别人的略读/连读,第二步是要能明确分辨出其略读/连读的确切位置,第三步是要能模仿略读/连读,最后一步就是要在自己说话时能自主略读/连读。
要按照作文素材的分类积累那种方法积累口语素材。如果仅仅是为了考高分的话,建议多积累万能素材。比如在人物题类别中,我备有的一个近乎万能的素材是艾未未。他的身份和经历适用于各种人物题,比如:一位艺术家、画家、建筑师、作家、老人、社会活动家、令你敬仰的人,创新的人、政治人物、名人、有争议的人……同时也要积累万能记忆单元,比如之前提到的什么hustle and bustle之类的。注意,千万不要积累万能段落,千万不要让考官觉得你在背,而且万能段落还有的劣势在于:它实际上并不万能,可用范围非常有限。
当你脑子里有许多可以脱口而出的记忆单元时,你会发现自己造句的能力也能有所提升,以前你是完全无话可说,现在你能蹦出短语,只需要用语法把它们连缀起来就好了。但是连缀起来也不容易,这需要你时常练习造句,一定要用说的,写下来完全没用,写下来读出来也没用,一定要随口说。有意识地练习造从句,最简单的是定语从句,口语中实在太实用,用于补充修饰你刚刚提到的对象。定语从句中的非限定性定语从句更是最无赖惯用的从句,你随便说一件事,然后就可以用which对其发表评论。比如,I got up really early today to catch the bus, but I still missed it, which was totally frustrating.最后那个which从句就是对前面整个事件发表看法。你还可以经常在口语里加进一句by which I mean...然后把前面说的话换种说法再说一遍。值得注意的是,别把口语里的句子造得太复杂太长,一来说着说着自己就昏了,二来很不自然,写作里面写复杂句能加分,口语里只要有几种从句就够了,大多数时候还是只用说简单句。
你光学会把记忆单元连成句子还不够,还要学会如何把单个的句子连成自然的段落。句子与句子之间如果缺乏顺滑的连接会听起来太硬。这种联结就是逻辑连接词。跟作文类似,你应该将几种逻辑关系记得牢牢的,根据自己说话的层次性,顺手拈来。想象你上课迟到了,老师问你为什么迟到,你可能会解释原因,描述整个过程时会有铺垫转折,请求原谅时你可能会说虽然我确实迟到了但我作业还是完成了的(让步),或是发誓再也不迟到,如果迟到就怎么怎么(假设)。
你说的实质内容可以是简单直白的,但如果你的逻辑词用得多用得好,也能给考官造成一种你词汇丰富的印象,最关键的是有话可说而且把语言组织起来了。口语的逻辑连接不必像写作那么“利索”,你可以多见缝插针地用些小词,比如“It‘s like”…、“If my memory serves”、“as far as I'm concerned”、“actually”、“well”等等,它们都能使你更像是在交流。有一条准备口语词汇的捷径,那就是多背副词,比如“absolutely”、“basically”、“hopefully”、“ideally”、“frankly”、“unfortunately”等等,非常实用,放在句首,整个句子就带有感情、多了点活气。
以上就是关于托福口语从23分到28分的提分经验分享,我们可以看到这位童鞋在二刷托福的备考过程中主要做好了口音调整、口语素材积累等方面的提升训练任务。“他山之石可以攻玉”,希望各位童鞋合理借鉴他人托福备考经验中适合自己的部分,融会贯通助力自己的托福备考提分。
托福考试冲刺:语法试题及答案详解
1. All the major cities of the United States, ________ the cities of the Great Lakes and the Gulf of Mexico, began as centers of trade.
A. and to include
B. which including
C. included
D. including
答案:D
分析:两个逗号之间是插入语,这里分词作状语,不能用谓语动词。
参考译文:包括大湖区和墨西哥峡谷的美国所有主要城市都是以贸易中心的模式发展起来的。
2. Settled by English Puritans in 1630, Boston became _________ .
A. the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
B. the Massachusetts Bay Colony its capital
C. it was the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
D. so that the capital of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
答案:A
分析:缺宾语。B语序混乱;C中出现两个谓语动词,错;D中became 仍然没有宾语,so that 多余,错。
参考译文:波士顿在1963年被英国清教徒定址,并曾是马萨诸塞州湾殖民地的首都。
3. Navigators on ships and aircraft use a compass to determine _________ they are heading.
A. the direction in which
B. to where the direction
C. that direction of which
D. where the direction
答案:A
分析:空格前缺宾语,空格后是个完整的句子,只有B能满足。prep+which 作为介词宾语,后面接完整的句子。
参考译文:船和飞机的领航员通过指南针来确定他们航行的方向。
4. A condenser is a heat exchanger _________ steam or vapor loses heat and returns to liquid form.
A. what
B. in which
C. in whose
D. that
答案:B
分析:空格前后都是完整的句子,选项中优先选择prep+which.prep+which 作为介词宾语,后面接完整的句子。
参考译文:冷凝器是一种热交换器,蒸气或水汽在里面失去热量,变回液体状态。
5. Published in 1957, John Cheever's first novel, The Wapshot Chronicle, earned _________ the National Book Award.
A. that he had
B. him
C. was his
D. to him
答案:B
分析:双宾语结构:sth. Earn sb sth. 类似的还有gain/win
参考译文:John Cheever的第一部小说The Wapshot Chronicle于1957年,并为他赢得全国图书奖。
6. As seen from the Earth at night, _________ planet Jupiter ranks third among the planets and stars in maximum brightness, after Venus and Mars.
A. when the
B. in which the
C. the
D. and the
答案:C
分析:空格后句子完整,此处缺限定词。
参考译文:晚上从地球上看去,行星木星在行星恒星最大亮度等级中排名第三,排在金星和火星的后面。
7. _________ produces a crimson glow in a vacuum tube and is used extensively in advertising displays.
A. Neon that
B. When neon
C. Neon
D. There is neon
答案:C
分析:缺主语。A中that多余;B中When多余,D中出现两个谓语动词。
参考译文:氖能在真空管里释放出深红色的光芒,并被广泛的在广告显像里应用。
8. Chaparral consists of _________ stunted by short, wet winters followed by long, dry summers.
A. are trees and shrubs
B. how trees and shrubs
C. trees and shrubs have
D. trees and shrubs
答案:D
分析:of 后接名词,首先排除A和B.C中有个动词have, 后半句中有动词follow, 两句之间没有连接词,一定错。
参考译文:丛林由树和灌木组成,短的、潮湿的冬天和随后的长的干燥的夏天阻碍了它们的生长。
9. The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 was _________ of United States policy concerning the activities and rights of European powers in North and South America.
A. when a statement
B. as a statement
C. a statement
D. to a statement
答案:C
分析:缺宾语。A,B,D中的when, as, to 多余。
参考译文:1982年的门罗主义是针对南北美欧洲集权的行为和权利的美国政策的表述。
10. _________ to stand in a warm place, it sours because of the presence of bacteria that convert milk sugar into acid.
A. When milk is allowed
B. When is milk allowed
C. Milk, when allowed
D. When milk allowed
答案:A
分析:B不应该使用倒装;C:如果是插入语的话,后半句中不应该出现it;D中由句意allow应该使用被动形式。
参考译文:当牛奶持续的放在温暖的地方,细菌的出现把牛奶的糖转化成酸,因此它就发酸了。
托福考试冲刺:语法试题及答案详解
1. While play is important at all levels of human development, _________ takes on particular significance when children are five and six years old.
A. it
B. and
C. which
D. because it
答案:A
分析:缺主语。it 在这里作为形式主语。
参考译文:比赛对各个层次人的发展都是重要的,尤其是当小孩5、6岁大的时候,意义重大。
2. During the second and third years of life, children gain _________ over their bodies.
A. control increasing
B. increasing to control
C. control is increasing
D. increasing control
答案:D
分析:缺宾语,而且应该是 adj.修饰名词,只能选D.
参考译文:在生长的第二第三年,小孩们对自己的身体控制能力增强了。
3. All brass instruments use a mouthpiece _________ into a long cone-shaped tube.
A. is inserted
B. that inserted
C. that is inserted
D. and inserted
答案:C
分析:that引导一个定语从句,mouthpiece为先行词。A 出现两个谓语动词,错;B,D应该用被动;
参考译文:所有的铜管乐器都用一个放在长锥筒形管里的吹嘴。
4. By the mid-twentieth century, United States presidential staffs, _________ had numbered fewer than ten a century earlier, numbered in the hundreds.
A. as
B. that they
C. which
D. and
答案:C
分析:非限制性定语从句,只有which能引导非限制性定语从句
参考译文:到20时间中期,美国的总统部官员达到了几百个,而在一个世纪前,还屈指可数呢。
5. In 1966 only 60 percent of all five year olds in the United States attended kindergarten, _________ in 1985 almost 82 percent did so.
A. with
B. which
C. whether
D. while
答案:D
分析:整个句子中出现了两个谓语,缺连接词。
参考译文:在1966年,所有5岁的小孩中只有60%的参加了幼儿园,而到1985,几乎有82%的小孩上幼儿园了。
6. _________ industries, inventions, and communal endeavors of the Shakers, the best known is their fine furniture.
A. Of the many
B. Their many
C. Are the many
D. Many of the
答案:A
分析:倒装结构。当prep短语位于句首,且谓语动词为系动词时,则引起倒装。
参考译文:在基督震荡教徒所参与很多工业、发明创造和社区建设中,最闻名的是他们做的优质家具了。
7. Most fishes and many reptiles have ribs along most of the spine, but in mammals _________ only in the chest area.
A. they are found
B. finding them
C. in which they are found
D. are found
答案:A
分析:缺主语和谓语。该句不是定语从句。
参考译文:大多数鱼类和很多爬行动物沿着大部分脊柱都长有肋骨,但哺乳动物的肋骨只长在胸部位置。
8. Although the habitat of the American beech tree is now confined to the eastern United States and southeastern Canada, _________ extended as far west as California.
A. where it once
B. once
C. it once
D. and once
答案:C
分析:缺主语。A,D中的where, and 多余。
参考译文:尽管美国山毛榉树的生长地现在只限制在美东和加拿大东南部的狭窄地带,它曾经都延伸向西生长远到加州的地方。
9. Most of North America receives _________ some form of continuous plant cover except in the arid and semiarid Southwest.
A. moisture to sustain sufficient
B. sufficient moisture to sustain
C. to sustain sufficient moisture
D. sufficient to sustain moisture
答案:B
分析:缺宾语。其中形容词修饰名词,不定式表“目的”。A,C,D语序混乱。
参考译文:除了干旱和半干旱的西南地区,大部分北美地区通过吸收充足的潮湿而保持一些连续植被的形式。
托福考试冲刺:语法试题及答案详解
1. _________ denotes currency in circulation plus bank deposits.
A. The term “money supply”
B. The term is “money supply”
C. When the term “money supply”
D. “Money supply” is the term
答案:A
分析:缺主语。B,D中出现两个谓语,一定错。C中when多余,使得句子不完整。
参考译文:术语货币储备是指流通货币加上银行存款。
2. The Franklin stove, invented around 1742, ________, originally with a partially open front, and was designed to fit into a fireplace.
A. was made of cast iron
B. cast iron was made of
C. cast of iron was made
D. was of iron made cast
答案:A
分析:invented around 1742为插入语,2个was为并列谓语。be made of 为固定搭配。
参考译文:Franklin火炉发明于1742年,是用铁浇铸的,原先前面可以部分打开,而且设计成能正好装进壁炉。
3. A few species of mushrooms cause death or serious illness _________.
A. having eaten
B. that they are eaten
C. are eaten
D. when eaten
答案:D
分析:状语从句的省略结构。省略条件:由特定的状语从句引导词:although, though, even though, if, when, while, as, whether; 从句为主系表结构;从句主语和主句主语一致。省略方式:要同时省略主语和系动词。原句为:…… when mushrooms are eaten.
参考译文:吃了一些种类的蘑菇会造成死亡或重大疾病。
4. Some critics maintain _________ the mystery novel is a symbolic ritual of guilt and retribution.
A. is that
B. that there is
C. it is
D. that
答案:D
分析:that引导宾语从句。A,C中出现两个谓语动词,错;B中that引导的从句出现两个谓语动词,错。
参考译文:一些评论家认为神秘小说是罪与罚象征性的仪式。
5. _________ all cherry trees are very attractive when in bloom, some species with inferior fruit are cultivated especially for their flowers.
A. Although
B. There are
C. It is
D. That
答案:A
分析:后面句子完整,且出现了两个谓语动词,此处缺连接词。
参考译文:尽管所有的樱桃树在开花的时候都很美丽,但它们中的一些不结果的种类专门种植用来观赏他们的花的。
6. Usually pitched in the of C, _________ may be tuned to B flat by means of a slide.
A. the bugle
B. because of the bugle
C. the bugle that
D. but the bugle
答案:A
分析:缺主语。
参考译文:通常音调为C大调的军号,可以通过滑动的方式平稳的吹出B调来。
7. With _________ formal art training and largely self-educated, Anna Mary Moses, known as Grandma Moses, began to paint rural scenes at the age of seventy-eight.
A. not
B. no
C. neither
D. never
答案:B
分析:no修饰后面的名词training.
参考译文:没有经过正常的艺术培训和广泛的自我教育,众所周知的Moses奶奶Anna Mary Moses78岁才开始画乡村风光。
8. A block and tackle is a _________ of pulley blocks and ropes used for pulling or hoisting large objects.
A. mechanical set special
B. set special mechanical
C. special mechanical set
D. special set mechanical
答案:C
分析:固定搭配:a set of.;形容词修饰名词。
参考译文:滑轮系统是一种特殊的机械装置,用滑轮和绳索来拉或提升大件的物品。
9. Although _________ instant critical acclaim in 1952, he never completed a second novel, publishing many short works instead.
A. Invisible Man was the first novel by Ralph Ellison received
B. first received by Ralph Ellison, the novel Invisible Man was
C. Ralph Ellison's first novel, Invisible Man, received
D. Ralph Ellison's first novel, Invisible Man, was received
答案:C
分析:同位语结构,由句意应该用主动形式。
参考译文:尽管Ralph Ellison的第一部小说《隐形人》在1952年得到了直接的赞誉,他却再也没有完成第二部小说,取而代之的是出版了很多短篇作品。
10. Sauropods had _________ smallest brains relative to body weight of any group of dinosaurs, yet they were among the most successful of all dinosaurs in evolutionary terms.
A. what was a
B. when a
C. of the
D. the
答案:D
分析:adj. 最高级前一定要加the.
参考译文:雷龙是恐龙群体中大脑对身体重量相比最小的一种,然而他们在进化过程中却属于最成功的恐龙之一。
篇20:20天托福高分112分经验
【托福干货】20天托福高分112分经验分享
第一、单词方面
大多数考生认为托福词汇是最基础也是最重要的一个部分。备考时我们常见的场景就是考生起早贪黑的拿着要词汇书在那里背,很多人眼里单词对于托福就好像GPA对于申请一样重要。但是!!但是!!但是!!(重要的事说3遍)楼主从来不认为单词对于托福很重要,就好像GPA对于申请的重要性其实也就那样。但是GRE就不同,楼主准备G时只过了一遍红宝一遍再要你命3000(是过不是背),导致最后的verbal全靠阅读提分,填空一共认识俩题。除去这血的教训,对于托福来说,楼主认为只要你的4,6级能够在第一次考试550分以上,就没有必要一遍遍冲刺单词了,看两遍《词以类记》就好。关键问题在于怎么看这两遍单词。
首先我们都知道学术名词是不需要记的,只要混个眼熟,好让你在阅读和听力里面听到这词语有点安全感,如果还能反应过来这厮是哪个学科领域的那就更好了。名词量大拼写难实用性低,聪明的你快告诉我记清楚glucose和metabolism这俩词对你的口语写作有任何帮助吗?就算在阅读听力中需要面对这俩熊孩子,我们可以简化为g和m,丝毫不影响对文章逻辑的理解。
我们需要记的是形容词和动词。其中动词是次要,比如你知道punch、strike、kick、beat、hit都是揍他丫的就好了,没必要搞清楚具体是怎么揍。形容词是重点,因为作为修饰别人的东西,往往这一个词决定了你这句话的倾向,ETS最喜欢问你揍得是一个怎样的人。形容词不仅要背,而且要背同义词,这也是阅读里单词题的主要出题方法。如果时间不够用(只有两周就要上战场了),只要能分清这个形容词是正面的还是反面的就好。
然后,单词要怎么背?如果你还再一点点背拼写的话就赶紧punch、strike、kick、beat、hit自己吧。对于托福,背单词的目的是认识这个词,在阅读中看到它明白它的正负倾向,听力里听见它明白它是个名词还是个形容词,难不成你还指望在作文里用出来grandiose和condescending这种词?所以,楼主坚定地认为过几遍单词比背一遍拼写要有效得多。但是,这仅限于对托福的准备。
最后,为什么就算连过都没有过几遍,聪明的你还是可以自信去考场?因为托福不是四六级,它的重点还是在于考察你的英语能力,而不是你的英语苦力。背单词算是一项能力,但绝对不是一项重要的英语能力。单词题如果是考察动词,下面的句子里多半会有同义词,如果是形容词,多半可以通过上下文推断出。楼主平日做官方真题Official阅读基本都错在单词上,大神二战的时候遇到4个单词题一个都不认识(可见这单词量多渣),全是靠上下文推出的答案。因此,放心大胆去考吧,一遍遍的背红宝书背成了红宝叔可就不好玩了,那是搞GRE才干的事情。
第二、阅读方面
如果想在20天里提高是千万不太可能的,因为这必须是一个长期的过程。如果你还有两个月或者以上的时间,快去看外文杂志或者书吧,由你的兴趣决定。比如说可以看一些英文的《经济学人》和《White Fang》。看杂志的好处是可以掌握一点热点消息,每期都有新鲜感,接收到的词汇也都比较主流。看英文原著的话楼主推荐看一些好玩的小说,在这里好玩的定义是指你十年前愿意看的中文版本的那本书。这类原著中用词一般比较基础,不会出现满眼专有名词阻碍你理解文意。在看这些英文读物时要注意尽量不!查!字!典!这样可以锻炼自己在遇到生词时依靠上下文推断其含义的能力,同时也能锻炼你的阅读速度。
对于考生来说,选择一个时间点进入考场也很重要,千万不要早早的到考场,否则在你读到阅读第3段的时候,会有很多人在你耳朵边上喊“describe the city you live in”,里面夹杂着伦敦腔、德克萨斯腔甚至南京腔,你还能好好地读懂尼罗河里面那两种胖头鱼谁比较耐高温么,这就是选择好时间点进入考场的重要性。
阅读速度提升慢,要靠长时间积累。对于只剩两周左右的朋友,推荐三天做一套官方真题Official保持状态就好,其余时间说说口语写写作文都更有性价比。
第三、听力方面
听力是楼主的强项,准确的说应该是从大一下半学期的一段魔鬼训练提上去的。
同样的,如果你还有两个月或者以上的时间,就快去下载一个iTunes,注册一个账号,然后去podcast板块找个你喜欢的新闻听吧。之所以选新闻是因为新闻主播声音比较字正腔圆,用词也比较主流,断句语气等方面都和真实考试比较吻合,顺便还能偶尔看到万恶的资本主义是怎么样丑化我们的文明建设的。大神在大一很渣的听力基础上先选了ABC的视频新闻,每天40分钟,带着画面看可以更容易地理解新闻的内容。听了一个月后跳转到CNN两分钟新闻,每天大概10条,一条两分钟,大概又用了一个月适应这种语速后,官方真题Official就基本满分了。二战托福前又听了一个月科学美国人,就是网上流传很广的sss,它的好处是主题多为科学研究,涵盖文理各科,与托福考试里的学术讲座有近似感。另外语速快,可以在你有自信时击垮你,并在你坚持一个月后给你更强的自信。网上四处流传sss音频加文本,搞下来装进手机里天天折磨自己去吧。
如果你还有不到一个月时间,那就快拿起官方真题Official做几套听力吧,这样做的目的只有一个:锻炼记笔记!也许部分人习惯听力不做笔记,在脑子里构建一个个小框框然后直接做题,但是,做笔记绝对是搞定托福的最佳方法。首先不要去看各种辅导书推荐的做笔记方法,教给你的各种符号缩写全都撕掉。做笔记是给自己看的,所以一定要自己实战十次左右总结独家记法。对于做笔记,一定要找到自己的记笔记方法,永远不要听信别人的秘籍。
托福听力的练习是提高你对各种主题的灵敏度和熟悉程度,这和你的单词量成倍积累是没有太多关系的。我们去听各种新闻或者讲座的目的是磨耳朵直到能听懂,甚至磨到跟洋人们打交道也可以明白他在嘟囔啥,而不是为了锻炼记笔记能力和背单词能力。
第四、写作方面
对于作文,只有两点要说的。第一点,文章很长,所以一定要锻炼自己的打字速度。聪明的你一定知道官方指南里推荐的字数是不可靠的吧?对于第一个综合写作,楼主推荐写到300左右,第二个独立写作,推荐400-550左右。亲,不要再说你打字慢了,逼自己每天打三篇你的打字速度肯定比数学成绩提升快多了。大神第一次杀托综合写作300,独立写作400,27分;第二次综合350,独立500还出了点愚蠢的小意外(检查了两遍决定加一句话加到一半时间到了),28分。所以,尽量的去写的长一点吧。至少这能给考官证明你在半小时里脑子能搞出这么多鬼东西,相信你是一个能干的天才!
另外还有一点,就是自己提出一个论点却苦于没有相应的逻辑或者例子来充实它,这时候逻辑一时半会搞不上去,那咱们搞点例子。聪明的你是否听说过《现代社会与家庭》或者《印度前沿经济论坛》?你不知道他们做过什么样的研究或者他们存不存在,考官也不知道,所以,编吧!同时你还可以说你自己有三个兄弟因为看电视变成了胖子,一个物理老师因为和人合作拿了诺贝尔奖,和一条每早叼来报纸的哈士奇让你感受到生命的意义是爱。托福作文最可爱的一点在于它不同于GRE,在这里你只要能自圆其说,甚至无耻地自圆其说就好,至于逻辑啊、深度啊之类的等你准备G的时候再考虑吧。
第五、口语部分
对于口语部分,无论你的备考时间是长还是短,千万不要放弃说,要无时无刻的去说。遇到朋友可以用英文来交流,练习自己的口语。考前那20天,最好的办法就是拿最近一段时间的真题来练习,并积累话题和素材,这样在考场上才能立于不败之地。
以上就是小编为大家带的托福大神20天托福112分的备考经验干货分享,希望对大家的托福备考有帮助。最后,预祝大家托福考试能取得理想的成绩。
聊聊托福阅读的那些事儿
每次走入新带教的班级,时常有学生问起我这样一个问题,“老师,我的文章理解没啥问题,但为何分数却不高?It’s INCREDIBLE!!!。”相信这个问题也一直困扰着那些还未和托福阅读分手的童鞋们。因此,今天就让我们一起来聊聊托福阅读那些事儿。
单词熟练及灵活运用程度。
从某种意义上来说, 词汇量的多少是决定托福阅读高分的关键和基础。但有着大量词汇的你,是不是词汇题还会错,感觉心好累。。。那我想问问你,做题时单词有没有熟练运用呢?还是在那儿生搬硬套?我们一起试试这道例题。
Although southern Maya areas received more rainfall than northern areas, problems of water were paradoxically more severe in the wet south. While that made things hard for ancient Maya living in the south, it has also made things hard for modern archaeologists who have difficulty understanding why ancient droughts caused bigger problems in the wet south than in the dry north.
The word “paradoxically”in the passage is closest in meaning to ?
○usually
○surprisingly
○understandably
○predictably
Paradoxically原意: 悖论地;自相矛盾地。但这四个选项与单词原意并无直接对应。这时,我们就需要回到文中具体语境进行理解:
尽管玛雅南部地区比之北部有更多的降水,但是水资源问题在潮湿的南面却(出乎意料)更为严重。所以这道题的答案选B~ 大家都选对了吗?
阅读段落及选项的仔细程度。
Paragraph 3: Climatic changes at the end of the glacial period 13,000 years ago have been proposed to account for the emergence of farming. The temperature increased dramatically in a short period of time (years rather than centuries), allowing for a growth of the hunting-gathering population due to the abundance of resources. There were, however, fluctuations in the climatic conditions, with the consequences that wet conditions were followed by dry ones, so that the availability of plants and animals oscillated brusquely.
According to paragraph 3, the abundance of resources fluctuated sharply after the end of the glacial period because?
A.Locally abundant resources were quicklyexhausted by hunter-gatherers.
B.The temperature became much higher in someareas over others.
C.Different types of plants and animals became available as the climate changed.
D.The amount of rainfall varied radically from one period to the next.
1分钟的思考时间,你会选择哪个选项?在纠结是选A呢?还是选B呢?好吧,公布正确答案是D,一脸诧异!!!为什么?首先,题目中关键词——the abundance of resources, fluctuated, because。接着,缩小定位区间——文章最后一句话。所以呢,答案就选D啦~
PS:关于定位问题,在这儿省略100字,详细可参考之前Sherry老师的文章哦~
阅读文章的专注程度。
托福阅读文章内容主要由学术性内容构成,涉及的话题及其广泛,主要包括三大类话题:
A. 自然科学类(天文,地质,生物,气象等)
B. 人文科学类(艺术,考古,语言,文学等)
C. 社会科学类(政治,经济,教育,人类学等)
其中,不乏有一些我们不熟悉且不擅长的学科内容,所以,读了一会儿,你是不是就觉得枯燥乏味,从而无法再专注继续读完呢?
所以,在课余生活中,我们更应该多读此类文章(结合“机考”,更多可以从网上直接阅读),一方面可以了解常识和拓展知识面,另一方面还可增加相关内容的单词量,何乐而不为呢~
写到这里忽然想起了那句“托福虐我千百遍,我待托福如初恋”,希望以上的总结能对备考中的你有所帮助~~~托福er,加油!!!
托福阅读答题小贴士:当心否定事实信息题中的“陷阱”
Negative Factual Information Questions,一般译作否定事实信息题,有时也被称为反向事实信息题、排除列举题或选非题,在阅读十大题型中出错率一直较高。出错的原因,往往被简单归结于“粗心大意”。诚然,在其他题型的解答过程中,同学们往往都是在努力寻找与原文说法最为接近的选项,而遇到否定事实信息题,由于思维惯性,在看到与原文说法基本一致但本该被排除的选项的时候,往往会忘记题目中那个大大的EXCEPT或NOT,导致错选。
但是,只是说不要“粗心大意”并没有什么用,就像在穿越雷区的时候只是说“要当心哦”并没有太多实际的帮助。只有当我们了解到哪里可能埋雷,哪里可能会有陷阱,才更有可能避开危险,安全抵达目的地。而在否定事实信息题的解答过程中,对题型认知不够准确是一些题目错误率居高不下的主要原因。
而且这锅还真得由ETS(即托福考试出题人)来背。在其出版的《托福考试官方指南》中,关于否定事实信息题的介绍如下:
Negative Factual Information Questions
These questions ask you to verify what information is true and what information is NOT true or not included in the passage based on information that is explicitly stated in the passage. To answer this kind of question, first locate the relevant information in the passage. Then verify that three of the four answer choices are true and that the remaining choice is false. Remember, for this type of question, the correct answer is the one that is NOT true.
简单翻译就是,这类题型要求你根据文章中所明确给出的信息判断哪些选项的说法是正确的,哪些是不正确或文章中未提及的。需要先在文章中定位相关信息,然后判断哪三个选项的说法正确而哪个选项是错误的。并且记住,对于这类题型来说,正确答案反而是那个说法不正确的选项。
以上,同学们很容易得出的结论即是,为了答对否定事实信息题,我们需要排除三个与原文说法一致的选项,找到那个说法不一致,或未提及的选项。而在绝大多数时候,这个判断选项的思路是正确的。例如在Spartina这篇文章中,有一道否定事实信息题:
Spartina alterniflora, known as cordgrass, is a deciduous, perennial flowering plant native to the Atlantic coast and the Gulf Coast of the United States. It is the dominant native species of the lower salt marshes along these coasts, where it grows in the intertidal zone (the area covered by water some parts of the dayand exposed others).
According to paragraph 1, each of the following is true of Spartina alrerniflora EXCEPT:
A. It rarely flowers in salt marshes.
B. It grows well in intertidal zones.
C. It iscommonly referred to as cordgrass.
D. It occurs naturally along the Gulf Coast and the Atlantic coast of the United States.
正确答案A中的否定词rarely使得该选项与原文第一句的说法正好相反。
但是,有些题目之所以错误率高,或同学们在答题的时候觉得难,觉得正确答案不好找,往往因为这些题属于所谓的“例外”,即常规思路看似不适用的情况。有许多否定事实信息题,仅从选项的措辞来看,四个选项看似都与原文的某些内容一致。而这是我们在解读官方指南的时候往往会忽略掉的一种可能性,也即是本文标题中所指的“陷阱”。如果没有意识到这种可能性的存在,遇到此类题目的时候,出错的几率自然大大提高。
例如以下这道经典例题,来自Westward Migration这篇文章:
Why were these hundreds of thousands of settlers—most of them farmers, some of them artisans—drawn away from the cleared fields and established cities and villages of the East? Certain characteristics of American society help to explain this remarkable migration. The European ancestors of some Americans had for centuries lived rooted to the same village or piece of land until some religious, political, or economic crisis uprooted them and drove them acrossthe Atlantic. Many of those who experienced this sharp break there after lackedthe ties that had bound them and their ancestors to a single place. Moreover,European society was relatively stratified; occupation and social status were inherited. In American society, however, the class structure was less rigid;some people changed occupations easily and believed it was their duty to improve their social and economic position. As a result, many Americans were an inveterately restless, rootless, and ambitious people. Therefore, these social traits helped to produce the nomadic and daring settlers who kept pushing westward beyond the fringes of settlement. In addition, there were other immigrants who migrated west in search of new homes, material success, and better lives.
According to paragraph 2, all of the following are reasons why Americans migrated westward EXCEPT
A. the desire to move from one place to the next
B. the hope of improving their socioeconomic status
C. the opportunity to change jobs
D. the need to escape religious or political crises
本题正确答案D选项来自原文中的这句话The European ancestors of some Americans had for centuries lived rooted to the same village or piece of land until some religious, political, or economic crisis uprooted them and drove them across the Atlantic. 很多同学在答题的过程中只记得看到了“因为宗教或政治而迁徙”这个内容,从而认为D选项与原文说法一致,就想当然的按照惯例排除了这个选项导致错选。但只要稍微细心,就能够意识到这是部分美国人的欧洲祖先迁移到美国的原因,而不是美国人西迁的原因,反而是可以直选的正确答案。
而另一道来自Role of Play in Development这篇文章的例题:
Play is not without considerable costs to the individual animal. Play is usually veryactive, involving movement in space and, at times, noise making. Therefore, it results in the loss of fuel or energy that might better be used for growth orfor building up fat stores in a young animal. Another potential cost of this activity is greater exposure to predators since play is attention-getting behavior. Great activities also increase the risk of injury in slipping or falling.
According to paragraph 3, each of the following is a cost to animals that engage in play EXCEPT
A. exposure to predators
B. abuildup of fat stores
C. a lossof fuel that could be used for growth
D. riskof injury from slipping or falling
正确答案B选项看似在文章中有直接对应的内容“building up fat stores”,但仔细阅读会发现,失去用以形成脂肪的能量才是玩耍的代价之一,而脂肪本身的积累并不是。甚至这里的B和C选项可视作一对矛盾选项,非此即彼,必有一为正确答案。
同样,在Industrialization in the Netherlands and Scandinavia这篇文章中有一道题:
The political institutions of the four countries posed no significant barriers to industrialization or economic growth. The nineteenth century passed relatively peacefully for these countries, with progressive democratization taking place in all of them. They were reasonably well governed, without notable corruptionor grandiose state projects, although in all of them the government gave some aid to railways, and in Sweden the state built the main lines. As small countries dependent on foreign markets, they followed a liberal trade policy in the main, though a protectionist movement developed in Sweden. In Denmark and Sweden agricultural reforms took place gradually from the late eighteenth century through the first half of the nineteenth, resulting in a new class of peasant land owners with a definite market orientation.
According to paragraph 5, each of the following contributed positively to theindustrialization of the Netherlands and Scandinavia EXCEPT
A. Generally liberal trade policies
B. Huge projects undertaken by the state
C. Relatively uncorrupt governments
D. Relatively little social or political disruption
正确答案B选项也似乎与原文中的“grandiose state projects”一致,但联系前半句话中的without就会意识到正好与问题中的EXCEPT对应,这个答案也是可以直选出来的。而这道题的B和C选项也是原文中的并列结构,被处理成了正好矛盾的选项。
还有更多例题这里就不一一列举了,而我们可以得出的结论是:否定事实信息题的四个选项,需要被排除的那三个一定与原文说法一致,而需要被选出来的那个正确答案,由于选取的只是部分内容,1)可能直接与原文矛盾,2)可能属于完全未提及,甚至3)看似在原文中能够找到对应,实际内容也符合题目,可以做直选。而意识到正确选项的这三种可能性,意识到否定事实信息题的四个选项在原文中都可能有对应,能帮助避免只凭借部分信息就认定选项对错的这种“粗心大意”,也往往比仅仅采用排除法解题更有效率。
但是再仔细想想,任何题型的正确答案,不就应该是符合题目要求的选项吗。从这个角度来看,并不存在所谓的“例外”,无非是题目和选项的措辞,使得否定事实信息题的正确答案也可能与原文的某些内容一致,刚好能够回答问题。
说到底,仔细读题目,仔细读原文,仔细读选项,句子要看完整,不要看一半就想当然,等等这些最基本的要求,是在练习和考试中都要始终如一地坚定贯彻执行的。所谓的技巧,无非是对于各种规律和套路的总结。对于前人的经验,从来不是去盲目相信或生搬硬套,而是在反复验证的过程中,去完善和优化,并最终成为自己可以熟练运用的能力。
篇21:辞职考研391分经验
辞职考研391分经验分享
在燕大版泡了有半年多了,得到了很多有用的信息,谢谢各位网友的热心帮助。
现在自己的复试也结束了,以后可能不太来这个版,把我半年来的经验写出来,希望对以后考研的xdjm有帮助。
请相信,只要不懈地努力,成功一定属于你!
先来说说我的情况吧,三跨比较好理解了,辞职考研是说我已经毕业3年了,决定考研是在的9月份,马上辞职,开始住进燕大,准备复习是在10月份了,初试准备时间合计不到90天。目标是材料学院。
1.报考
燕大的报考很奇怪,说奇怪是因为研招办的人对专业情况并不了解,所以他们会告诉你,怎么报考以招生简章和学科介绍为准。这就是一件奇怪的事情。
燕大的招生简章中对跨考的规定是:“报考专业应相同或相近(请查阅招生专业简介)”。那么我们来分析一下燕大的学科介绍,就比如材料学这一段吧:
材料学
本学科是国家重点学科,是亚稳材料制备技术与科学国家重点实验室的主要依托学科之一,具有博士学位授予权,拥有博士后流动站。
本学科为材料科学与工程学院(学院代码002)和国防科技学院(学院代码013)同时招生,请考生报名时慎重选择,首先选择专业所在学院,然后选择研究方向和考试科目。
本学科主要研究方向:先进钢铁材料、功能薄膜与器件、金刚石及其相关材料、大型铸锻件材料及热处理、高分子材料。
本学科近三年承担国家级科研项目28项,科研经费总额4370万元,发表论文450余篇,被SCI、EI、ISTP收录210余篇,授权专利10项,获国家科技进步二等奖1项,所在材料科学与工程学院的各种实验设备总值已过亿元。
本学科现有教师36人,其中教授21人(其中博士生导师15人),副教授7人,具有博士学位者21人,欧亚科学院院士1人,燕赵学者1人,国家新世纪人才1人,享受国务院政府特殊津贴专家5人。
欢迎材料科学与工程及其他相关专业的本科毕业生报考。
上述材料显然不会是研招办的人写的,全校那么多专业,不太可能有一个能深刻掌握所有专业情况的人。据我的推测,应该是各专业的人写自己专业的介绍,研招办汇总。
从上面我们可以看到,介绍中只是欢迎相关专业人员报考,没有列出具体的黑名单或者白名单,所谓的“相关专业”与经典的“有关部门”都是十分模糊的表达。这份介绍对报考只具有指导意义而不能用作判断的依据。这就是说实际可能是不了解情况的研招办来决定谁能报考什么专业了。
在这里我要说,燕大研招办的老师工作是很积极的`,对人也是很热情的,我对他们的印象是挺好的。
但是我为什么又说他们不了解情况呢?因为报考专业的研究内容不能只从名字上来判断。比如我学的生物工程,包含了基因、发酵、合成、提纯、膜材料等很多方面,实际和材料学是有所接近的,属于相关专业,但是却被告知不能报考材料学(我想他们可能听到生物两个字就以为我只会弄动物植物了)。但是另一个生物工程的同学直接报考的材料学,却也获得了准考证。我自己的感觉就是被忽悠了!
重要提示:虽然研招办对能不能报考的解释存在差别,但是不知道自己是不是“相关专业”的人,报考前还是要打电话过去问问。因为有好多人报考材料学结果被通知不准考,之前的复习准备就都白费了,因为通知的时候报考都已经结束了,无法改了。这是一个比较坑人的地方。(后来研招办把不准考名单从网上撤掉了,不知道是如何处理的)
最终我报考了材料学院别的专业。
2.英语
在这一门课上,我的经验不太足取。我过六级已经是5年前的事情了。工作后没有什么机会用英语,但是我喜欢看片,Friends,CSI,American Idol,以及各种米国电影,跟着字幕学习。所以没有全忘光。
我的时间太少了,不到90天,复习的时候我先买了一本书,就是的十年真题。我想先看看自己处在什么水平。于是就一天一套题,掐着时间做,先做了前面5套,发现分数预估达到70,同时也发现词汇量还够,不打算大量背单词了,于是又看一遍前面5套题,把里面不认识的单词和句子学会了。结果显示非常有用,后面5套题很有感觉,很多东西都熟悉。做完后,保守预计分数达到75-80。后来又买了两本书,还是的,进阶阅读120篇和写作,为的是保持状态。不过前面分数太好了,的题阅读一个都没错。自己觉得差不多,有点放松,所以后一个月基本没怎么看英语。结果考试分数69。这个希望不要学我了。
3.数学
这是我复习最用功的一门了。复习数学的原则就是:吃透陈文灯。
我开始只买了一本书,就是陈文灯的复习指南。时间不多,但我决定做3遍。所谓贪多嚼不烂,把一本书好好看5遍,绝对比把5本书都只看1遍的效果好。所以我先用了3天左右把微积分教科书看了一遍,然后用了18天,把陈文灯的书做了一遍,把不会的题用铅笔做了标记。(线代部分也是先看书后做题,12天吧)接下来觉得时间还够,于是买了李永乐的基础660题,做完以后觉得买对了,对陈文灯的书是一个很好的补充,花费时间也不多,大概7天吧,使自己对基础知识的理解提升了一个水平。
然后是第2遍陈文灯,还是全做一遍,这次速度快了很多。但是还有不会的题目,用红笔标出来。做完这些,我觉得自己准备不错了,于是开始做数学真题。我认为做真题一定要模拟考试环境,找一个安静的地方,做足3个小时,一定要坚持这样做。一开始的时候我连题都做不完,然后慢慢好起来。有错题一定要马上找对应的地方,学会了再做下一套。于是我从开始的100不到,到最后基本保持在120-130之间,越做越有信心。
做完真题后还有时间,于是又做了一遍陈文灯,上次做的红色标记重点做。虽然有些题目已经很熟了,但是还有些题目不能一下想到解题思路,这样的题目已经比较少了,可以干脆背下来。当然我不是提倡这么做,做数学,真正的理解才是王道!
3遍陈文灯做过了,还有20天时间,我又买了李永乐模拟400题,这套题普遍比较难,我的分数在110左右,但是也开阔了视野,收集了一些好的题目。感觉更是有信心了。可是考试的时候太紧张了,手抖,最终分数120,没有达到我130的目标。
总结一下:陈文灯的指南和李永乐的题,绝配!
4.政治
说来惭愧,我是一个坚定的唯物主义者,同时十分喜欢辩证法。上高中的时候,人家在外面玩,我在屋里看发黄的辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义。后来我发现人们所讲的唯物主义和辩证法,与他们的行为对照起来,根本就是两回事,我一度感到费解,当然,这都是我还把他们当好人的时候的事情了。
我复习政治的体会就是一句话,广告话:跟紧任汝芬……
任汝芬的序列一到四我都买了,在做数学和英语的空隙,每天大概2个小时,看序列一,看了两遍,不是背,是真正的理解,因为马哲和政经都是很好的东西,值得学习(当然后面那些就是背了,呵呵)。
那时候我有一段顺口溜,叫:头顶马哲政经,脚踏毛概邓论,三个代表在腰间,胸怀科学发展观,我就是初级阶段和谐社会的考研男!
考前45天的时候开始做序列二,做了2遍,第一遍只做选择,第二遍重点看之前做错的选择,然后做分析题。序列三来了,我把时事看了一遍,把时事选择题都记住了。最后的序列四我已经不怎么看了,选择题基本就能拿到40分(序列二的帮助),而且我知道做政治不是靠背题押题,现在不出那种考记忆的题目了,题的灵活性很大,真的理解了,是能够回答上来的。最后政治考分62。
5.专业课――X射线衍射学
这里我可以很负责地说,X射线这门课是可以速成的,以前没有学过也没有关系。
同时,我们也应该清楚,这门课考的好,绝对是因为出题老师厚道,题目比较基础,出难题是会考死人的。
这门课让外校的学生很头疼,因为连参考书都找不到。我已经经历了这个过程了,所以我来告诉你们怎么准备吧!
首先是复习参考书:
《X射线金属学》范雄 机械工业出版社(很古老,但是一般学校的图书馆会有)
《晶体X射线衍射学》李树棠 冶金工业出版社
以上两本书都要有,因为他们编写的依据不同,对理论的解释有很大的不同,比如李树棠这一本(应该买的到)就很喜欢用倒易点阵和反射球解释问题,范雄这本则很基础(燕大图书馆有,借来看看吧,有惊喜,因为书很旧,以前借过的人已经把重点划在上面了)。
篇22:SAT作文常见错误
SAT作文常见错误归纳
在SAT作文中,很多考生在语法方面的失误和表义上的含糊不清直接导致了语言质量的下降,甚至很多时候无法让考官理解他们所要表达的意思,因而使作文停留在6分-8分的阶段而无法更进一步。句子结构,也因此成为很多同学的“痛脚”之一。在本文中会根据同学的实战演练,对作文中经常出现的各种错误加以概括和总结,使同学们更好的了解语法和表义方面一些频繁出现的错误,从而更好的改善自己作文的语言质量。
错误一:句子结构冗余或缺失
很多同学虽然对于基本的句子结构条条是道,娓娓道来,真正应用在自己所写的长句中的时候,却容易顾此失彼,错误百出。很多时候是因为过于关注句子的长度和用词的难度,却忽略了基本的主谓宾搭配已经歪曲了。
Steve Jobs, the brilliant and talented leader of Apple, who wins the battle in harsh consumer market with great creativity.
Thomas Edison who was one of the greatest inventors in the history. In his life, the most famous and important invention was electric light.
这两个句子反映了7分左右的考生最常见的语法错误。因为用比较长的同位语或定语从句来修饰句子的主语,却忘记了这个句子其实已经没有谓语动词了。
According to those two examples, that’s why I agree that those people who are confident and optimistic can change their lives easily.
这个句子则是出现了另一个极端,according to…., that is why…表义过于重复。完全可以去掉其中的一个结构。
错误二:连词的'误用
很多同学都明白,在基本的语法规则里,两个句子之间一定要有连词来过渡和衔接。但是真正动笔的时候,却仍然是一“逗”到底,完全不考虑是否应该根据句意间的关系来添加连词或者把副词和介词混用为连词。
Despite many other company are capable of producing such ordinary goods, Steve Jobs uses creativity to distinguish his products and apple from the crowd.
Despite和in spite of类似,都是介词,后面应该接sth或doing sth,而不能够引导一个完整的句子。
The reason is because confidence and optimism can give people stimulation and impel them to achieve their goals.
Because是引导状语从句的连词,而不能够放在be动词后面,引导一个表语从句。这里应该把because换成that,引导表示陈述语气的表语从句。
However, during the time of inventing it, Edison had thousands of failures, but he never complained about that.
这里使用了太多的转折连词。However表示和上文形成语气上的转折,而后面一句又用了but,语气过于跳跃,让读者很难跟得上作者的思路。
错误三:逻辑主语不一致
分词结构能够很好的丰富文章的语法结构,从而改善整篇文章的语言质量。但是如果用doing或done在句首或句尾的位置做状语,则必须要注意这个动词和整个句子的主语要存在逻辑上的主谓关系。很多同学都想当然的根据自己的思路在句子中加上doing sth来表示原因或者结果,但却没有考虑好这个逻辑上的主被动关系是否存在。
His products are well-known for the unique design, adding strong functions like tapping fingers to control the phone.
这句话中adding functions的动作和主语products之间实际上是被动的关系,“产品”被“添加”上了功能,因此应该用added,而并非是adding。
Testing to have an extremely harsh disease, Stephen was predicated to live on only 2 years.
这句话中的错误类似,Stephen Hawking应该是被检测出患有严重的疾病,因此应该改为“tested”表示被动。
错误四:基本语法错误,主谓一致,名词的单复数,时态等等
这里指的是很多已经达到9分或10分的同学们仍然会在“时间紧,任务重”的考场上出现很多基本的语法错误,例如单复数错误,拼写错误,时态误用等等。而这就需要同学们在动笔时有意识的注意一些基本的语法规则,尽量减少这类错误的出现。
Nowadays, people are facing much more difficulties to be unique but creativity is a trait that worth tracing because it is well-rewarded.
Worth是形容词,因此应该在前面加上be动词。
I totally agree that people who are confident and optimistic can change their lives easier than those people who are pessimistic.
Easy是形容词,这里应该换成副词more easily。
When people have adversities, many people begin to complain the unfortunate situation, …
Complain通常作为不及物动词出现,“抱怨某事”应该加上介词about。
错误五:过渡过于生硬,频繁使用连词
有些同学受雅思托福作文的影响,总是试图把引用名人事例写成了分条列点的推理结构,因此出现了非常僵化的“一二三四五”的结构。例如:
Firstly, when Charles was 5, his little brother drowned in their mother’s backyard laundry tub in spite of Ray’s frantic efforts to save him. Secondly, Charles’ eyes began to mysteriously fail him. By the age of 7, Charles was blind. After that, he lost his beloved mother.
这一段的问题非常明显,作者应该讲述一个故事,描述发生在Ray Charles身上的各种不幸,而不是一条一条的按顺序列举出他面临的困难,从而破坏了文章的连贯性(cohesion)。
错误六:论证过于抽象
有些同学仍然对于SAT作文的高分标准有着错误的认知,认为越是艰难晦涩的文字,越是高端的用词,越能够得到高分。实际上对于一篇作文而言,逻辑的清楚而深刻,用词的恰当和简洁才是更重要的。语法结构可以适当的丰富,但是并不是无限度的使用抽象用词甚至让人难以理解作者的思路。例如:
“However” is always being seen. Sometimes the theorem testified to be quite true can be a paradox when scrutinized from a different angle.
这篇作文是论证Is there always another explanation or another point of view?这个题目。可以看出,“theorem”,“paradox”,“scrutinize”等用词实际上使这个句子显得别扭而拗口。
Change the glasses in front of your eyes and the world can be different.
“Glass in front of your eyes”出现在这里有些突然。
It makes people’s cognizance more objective and triggers a comprehensive realization.
这句话里面的cognizance和realization都比较抽象,不如换成更明确表义的词语。
Individual is a main factor.
这是 Can a small group of concerned individuals have a significant impact on the world?这篇作文的开头段中的一个句子。很明显,individual究竟是什么的重要因素,在这里没有明确的指明,因而很突兀,而且空泛。
错误七:连用小短句
这个错误和上一个正好相反。有些同学不善于组织各个句子间的逻辑关系,而且把很多小短句罗列在一起,虽然语法上没有什么大的失误,但是却使整个段落的结构零散而分散,缺少整体的逻辑性。例如:
My family used to live in a village, but my parents went to urban to work and I to study. It was a long distance, so we had to spend an average of 3.5 hours in our car everyday. We had to get up early to set out and return home late at night.
这个小段落里包括了五个短句来交代“我”的家庭背景,非常琐碎。
Liu Xiang is a famous runner in China. We have also seen him as the pride of China until recently. Back then in Olympics, Liu Xiang astonished the world by getting the first place, Chinese were so excited.
这个句群里一共有四个句子,交代了Liu Xiang的身份,荣誉,获奖,中国人的反映等,实际上完全可以再简练些,合并为两个到三个长句。
篇23:SAT英语作文素材
SAT英语作文素材分享
Spacewoman Stuck in Orbit with Too Much Shrimp Peggy Whitson, the American astronaut spending her 130th day in space, said on Sunday that she was happy in orbit, but maybe she brought along too much shrimp.
Sometimes, when you come to space, your tastes change. One of my favorite foods on the ground is shrimp, and up here I cant stand it, said Whitson, the science officer on the International Space Station . A quick check of the stations manifest showed that Whitson had planned more than 40 shrimp meals for her stay. The guys like it because they get all my shrimp, she said, referring to her two Russian crewmates, Valery Korzun and Sergei Treshcvev. The three members of the space stations Expedition Five team held a joint news conference with the six astronauts from the space shuttle Atlantis on Sunday. 39;m having a great time up here. Its fun to live here and do the science, said Whitson, a biochemist conducting and monitoring dozens of studies on the station. When someone asked about her plans for Christmas, Whitson said Its hard to imagine being back home because I guess I feel like this is my home right now.
I dont have my husband, but other than that, this is my home. Whitson, due to return to Earth with Korzun and Treschev aboard a U.S. shuttle in November, said some changes in space take more getting used to than others. Salsa can usually overcome space blandness. We could probably eat paper if we had it with salsa, she said. But calluses are another matter. In weightlessness, she never actually stands, but does sway about with her feet in foot restraints. It was really interesting to me to lose the calluses from the bottom of your feet and to get calluses on the top of your feet after being up here for a few months, she said.
篇24:SAT作文素材ConfronttheTraumaofCancer
SAT作文素材分享ConfronttheTraumaofCancer
In a flash moment, I went from being a happy expectant mother, to being someone afraid for her life, she told reporters.
Minutes after doctors delivered Nate by emergency C-section, Southcott went into surgery. The diagnosis was ovarian cancer.
Suddenly tears and chemotherapy overtook her life. But the lowest moment came after she lost all her hair and a free wig arrived.
She tried it on as her older son Kyler watched.
I thought I can cry about this bad wig and hell remember it, or I can laugh about it and he will remember that, Southcott said.
That was when she started laughing a lot, and found it was the perfect medicine.
I spent a lot time looking for anything humor based for cancer patients, she said. And Ill tell you what: There isnt much out there.
Using herself as a bald model, Bonnie started her own line of greeting cards and a calendar. Each pose pokes fun at the tribulations of chemo.
We desperately need to laugh, she said. Its vital to our joy.
Even though Southcotts ovarian cancer is in remission, the diagnosis is no laughing matter - a 25-percent chance she will live for another two-years.
She plans to appreciate every moment of motherhood. And she plans to laugh.
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