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篇1:《距离》阅读答案
①当我来到继父家时,我知道我打量那个家的目光是敌意的,我与那个家是有距离的。那陌生的屋檐下挂着,惨白惨白而寒意逼人的冰凌,融化了的冰水不时地顺着瓦檐滴到墙上,发出沉重的响声。墙用石灰新刷过,隐约还露出凌乱的稻草。
②为了不影响我读书,继父把我安置在条件最好的西厢房,自己和母亲住到了阴湿的东厢房。他还特意到供销社买了一盏台灯放在我的书桌上。每天晚上,他都拿着一本从书店买来的新书,坐在我对面,陪着我学习。他只是安安静静地坐着,偶尔翻一下书。还有几个月就中考了,每晚我都看书到很晚,然而不论多晚,他都会一直陪着我,直到替我关上灯。我知道,干一天农活下来是很累的,而且我很不愿意他坐在我对面,我便对母亲说:“叫他以后晚上不要再到我房间里来。”母亲嘴唇动了动,没有说话,眼睛红红的。那天晚上,我无意中听到他对母亲说:“晚上学习辛苦,有个人陪伴,精神点!”
③以后我便没介意他陪着我看书,只是他又放了一张桌子在我房里,跟我书桌的距离正好足台灯光线的边缘。每天晚上,他依然陪着我一块看书,只是更安静了,翻书声也更小了.偶尔声音稍大一点,他便像做了错事的孩子一样,惊恐地抬起头看看我,见我没在意,才会继续安心地看书。就这样,直到中考前,他陪着我翻掉了厚厚十几本书。
④考试那天,他执意要骑车送我去,我没说什么。坐在后座上,看着他汗流浃背的样子,我觉得我们的距离已经缩短了.考试结束那天,他又骑了三十多里路来接我,却一点没问我考得怎样,就像来的时候一样,默默地骑着车,但我知道,我跟他的距离更近了。
⑤发录取通知书那天,我正在别人家玩。当我飞奔回到家门口时,他正和邮递员面对面站着。邮递员让他签收,他望了望我,又望了望邮递员,接过笔,在邮递员指的地方,打了一个钩,说:“我不识字,不会签名!”然后又禁不住自己的喜悦,朝着周围的村民笑了。这时我的大脑一片空白:“什么,他不识字,可他,却……”一种难言之情涌上心头,我泪流满面跪在他面前,失声喊道:“爸——”他依然只是笑,却带着几许酸楚、几许欣慰。
⑥夏日的阳光照着家门,我再次打量这个家时,我觉得已经与这个家没有距离了。
阅读题:
1.文章第②段中,“我”为何“很不愿意他坐在我对面”而又不直接向他说?
2.结合全文看,(1)第③段中,继父不识字,却“陪着我翻掉了厚厚个几本书”说明了什么? (2)第⑤段中,知道继父不识字后,我为什么会“跪在他面前”?
3.试概括文中继父这一人物的主要特点。
4.结合全文分析,(1)第①段写到冰凌、冰水,衬托了“我”什么样的.心境? (2)文章首尾呼应巧妙,举例说说它是如何呼应的。
篇2:《距离》阅读答案
1.不喜欢继父,且要和他保持距离。
2.(1)非常爱我和愿意为我付出,也希望和我拉近距离。
(2)非常感激继父和愧悔自己过去的行为,内心受到很大的震动。、
3.善良、淳朴、富有爱心(具有牺牲精神)
4.(1)衬托了我内心的“敌意”和冰冷的(痛苦的)的心境。
(2)①季节上变化的呼应:从寒冷的冬天到温暖的夏季;
②对继父家的心理距离变化的呼应:由“那个家”变为“这个家”,或“有距离”变为“没有距离”。
篇3:《距离》阅读原文及答案
《距离》阅读原文及答案
一、(9分)
阅读下面的文字,完成1~3题。
距离控制在余华小说里表现为不动声色的冷漠叙述。余华笔下的世界是躁动不安的,暴力、死亡、癫狂、欲望、宿命等构成了余华先锋小说永恒的母题。然而,余华的叙述方式却是极为冷漠的,以至于余华被广泛地认为“血管里流的不是热血,而是冰渣子”。
布斯在其论著《小说修辞学》中,根据作者与作品的关系将小说的叙事方式分为人格化的叙述和非人格化的叙述两种。人格化的叙述指的是作者或叙述人经常介入故事,在故事叙述中直接现身说法的叙述方式。与余华同时期或较早的中国当代作家采用的大多为人格化的叙述方式——伤痕和反思作家经常在故事中穿插自己的主观评价或政治宣言。非人格化的叙述者则一般不介入故事,而是隐藏在幕后。现代作家尊崇的,是后一种叙述方式,他们认为加强逼真感的一个基本策略就是减少作者干预,隐藏叙述行为。正如布斯所言:“在任何情况下不要直接向读者说话,避免写任何会提醒他是在读小说的语句。”巴赫金也说:“小说语言在不事模拟讽刺、不表讥笑的情况下,它也宁愿完全不带任何情绪,只是冷静地叙述。”
这种颠覆传统叙事,冷静、抽离的非人格化叙述被余华所继承并推向极致。余华在创作谈中写到:我喜欢这样一种叙述态度,通俗的说法便是将别人的事告诉人,而努力避免另一种叙述态度,即将自己的事告诉别人。即使是我个人的'事,一旦进入叙述我也将其转化为别人的事。我寻找的是无我的叙述方式……在叙述过程中,个人经验转换的最有效方法就是,尽可能回避直接的表达。余华所指的无我的叙述方式便是一种非人格化的叙述模式。作者退出了作品,作者与作品之间设置了一个第三者,这个第三者在讲故事时,永远“保持着那种冷静、客观、自制,对大痛苦与大悲哀无动于衷的外表,一副绝不悲天悯人的旁观者逍遥姿态”。这个第三者自作陈述,而排除任何一种价值判断,甚至除去一切带有明显情感色彩的语言。这种叙述的方式在当时的中国文坛上显然是非主流的,余华正是通过这种无我的叙述方式向人们认可的传统叙事手法进行挑战。
余华先锋小说中的叙述者具有中立性、公正性和冷漠性等明显特征,无论所讲述的事件是如何的残酷血腥,他始终是平静而沉着的。他以细腻的笔触将一切的残忍冷静地刻画出来。在《现实一种》中,叙述者细致地展示了山岗的遗体被医生解剖的过程。在《古典爱情》中,叙述者绘声绘影地叙写了菜人被肢解的惨状。残酷的迫害几乎成了余华小说的顽念,细节的冷静描绘更加加重了残酷的压力。叙述者由始至终扮演的是一个置身事外、不动声色的“局外人”,一丝不苟地记录每一个不寒而栗的细节。他用一种很从容的节奏来正面叙述,没有夸张,没有渲染,一切似乎笼罩在一种祥和之中,但实际上却发生了一个尖锐的反讽和二元对立:余华的叙述的语言是平静安宁的,但语言所包含的意义和事件是暴烈而混乱的。无我叙述方式的使用造成了形式和意义之间的严重剥离和断裂,构成了小说内部的张力,而这种张力正是读者在阅读余华小说时感到极为不安的主要因素之一。余华正是通过叙述方式的革新颠覆传统的叙述模式,同时也瓦解了读者的阅读习惯,使读者在阅读中对自己深信不疑的种种信念产生疑问,与作者共同面对这些困惑。
1.从原文看,下列对“无我的叙述方式”的理解,符合文意的一项是( )。(3分)
A.尽可能回避直接的表达,让作者退出了作品,在作者与作品之间设置一个第三者。
B.让第三者来讲故事,不作任何一种价值判断,除去一些带有明显情感色彩的语言。
C.是一种非人格化叙述模式,叙述者隐藏在幕后,不动声色地将自己的事告诉别人。
D.是一种非主流的叙述方式,写作者冷漠、残酷、自私,距离的控制上较冷静客观。
2.下列对原文思路的分析,不正确的一项是( )。(3分)
A.第一段先阐述距离控制在余华作品中的表现,接着总结余华笔下的世界及其作品母题的特点,最后指出余华作品的叙述方式是极为冷漠的。
B.第二段从布斯对现代小说叙述分类入手,进而介绍了人格化与非人格化这两种叙述方式,并引用相关言论对非人格化的叙述方式加以阐释。
C.第三段先指出余华是怎样继承并发展非人格化现代小说叙述模式,接着对在中国文坛一直处于非主流地位的这种叙述模式的内涵加以阐释。
D.第四段先概括余华先锋小说中叙述者呈现的特征,接着引述事例对其作品叙述方式革新所带来的作用如构成小说内部张力等方面加以阐释。
3.下列对原文内容的理解与分析,正确的一项( )。(3分)
A.在故事中穿插自己的政治宣言是人格化叙述方式的最主要手段,这种叙述方式要求作者和叙述人常常介入故事。
B.现代作家大都数认为,减少作者的干预,隐藏叙述行为是非人格化的叙述方式用来加强作品真实感的唯一策略。
C.余华笔下躁动不安的世界与第三者没有夸张、没有渲染的不动声色的冷漠叙述,形成了尖锐的反讽和二元对立。
D.革新传统的人格化叙述方式,能瓦解读者的阅读习惯,让读者对自己坚信不疑的信 念生发疑问,从容面对困惑。
试题答案:
一、(9分,每小题3分)
1.A 2.C 3.C
篇4:《醉翁亭记》阅读试题
【甲】已而夕阳在山,人影散乱,太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳,鸣声上下,游人去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐,而不知人之乐;人知从太守游而乐,而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐,醒能述以文者,太守也。太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。
(节选欧阳修《醉翁亭记》)
【乙】元丰六年十月十二日夜,解衣欲睡,月色入户,欣然起行。念无与为乐者,遂至承天寺寻张怀民。怀民亦未寝,相与步于中庭。庭下如积水空明,水中藻、荇(xìng)交横,盖竹柏影也。何夜无月?何处无竹柏?但少闲人如吾两人者耳。
(选自苏轼《记承天寺夜游》)
10.解释文中加点的词。(2分)
⑴翳( ) ⑵念( )
11.翻译下面语句。(2分)
⑴醉能同其乐,醒能述以文者,太守也。
⑵但少闲人如吾两人者耳。
12.【甲】段写太守日暮醉归,这一段有描写、叙事、更融入了 和 两种表达方式,表现出全文主旨。(2分)
13.【乙】文中画线的语句运用了什么修辞?并分析其表达效果。(2分)
14.【甲】【乙】两文都是作者在被贬期间所写,请比较其在思想感情上异同。(3分)
【答案】10.⑴翳:遮盖 ⑵念:考虑、想到
11.⑴醉了能够同大家一起快乐,醒来能够用文章记述这乐事的人,是太守啊。⑵只是缺少像我俩这样清闲的人罢了。
12.抒情 议论
13.示例:运用比喻的修辞手法,用“积水空明”比喻月光的清澈透明,用“藻荇交横”比喻竹柏倒影的清丽淡雅;生动形象地写出了庭中月下空明澄澈、疏影摇曳、似真似幻的美妙境界;表现出作者陶醉于这种清幽宁静的月夜之中。
14.示例:相同:面对贬谪不沉沦,在大自然中寻找精神寄托,表现出旷达情怀。不同:苏轼情感复杂,既有贬谪的悲凉、人生的感慨、又有赏月的欣喜、漫步的悠闲;欧阳修是“醉翁之意不在酒”,以宽和仁爱之心“与民同乐”。
篇5:《醉翁亭记》阅读试题
【甲】至于负者歌于途,行者休于树,前者呼,后者应,伛偻提携,往来而不绝者,滁人游也。临溪而渔,溪深而鱼肥,酿泉为酒,泉香而酒洌,山肴野蔌,杂然而前陈者,太守宴也。宴酣之乐,非丝非竹,射者中,弈者胜,觥筹交错,起坐而喧哗者,众宾欢也。苍颜白发,颓然乎其间者,太守醉也。
已而夕阳在山,人影散乱,太守归而宾客从也。树林阴翳,鸣声上下,游入去而禽鸟乐也。然而禽鸟知山林之乐,而不知人之乐;人知从太守游而乐,而不知太守之乐其乐也。醉能同其乐,醒能述以文者,太守也。太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。
——节选自欧阳修《醉翁亭记》
【乙】中岁颇好道,晚家南山陲。兴来每独往,胜事空自知。
行到水穷处,坐看云起时。偶然值林叟,谈笑无还期。
- ——王维《终南别业》
8.下列加点词语解释有误的一项是( )
A.杂然而前陈者(杂然:杂乱的样子) B.而不知太守之乐其乐也(乐:以……为乐)
C.胜事空自知(空:没有) D.偶然值林叟(值:遇到)
9.下列句子朗读停顿正确的一项是( )
A.至于负/者歌/于途 B.然而/禽鸟/知山林之乐
C.颓/然乎/其间者 D.晚/家南山/陲
10.下列选项中与例句句式相同的一项是( )
例:太守谓谁?庐陵欧阳修也。
A.城北徐公,齐国之美丽者也。 B.见渔人,乃大惊。
C.孔子云:“何陋之有?” D.吾长见笑于大方之家。
11.对诗文内容或情感理解有误的一项是( )
A.甲文“醉”“乐”二字贯穿全文;乙诗“偶然”二字承启上下,二者都表现了作者的闲适情趣。
B.甲文太守之乐,乐在与民同乐,“醉能同其乐”一句点明主旨;乙诗诗人之乐,乐在自得其乐,“谈笑无还期”一句点明中心。
C.甲文第二段具体描绘了山林夕照的全景;乙诗没有具体景物的描绘。
D.甲文除写“乐”外,又暗合作者寄情山水排遣贬谪的苦闷情怀;乙诗则有诗人豁达胸襟的表达。
12.下列诗文赏析有误的一项是
A.甲文第一段通过四个场面的具体描写,描绘了滁州人民怡然自乐和众宾尽欢的.情态,从侧面烘托出滁州政治清明的景象。
B.树林阴翳,鸣声上下,游人去而禽鸟乐也”一句,采用动静结合的写作手法,表现出山林的幽静。
C.“颓然乎其间者,太守醉也”一句,活脱脱地刻画出一个萎靡不振的醉汉形象。
D.乙诗结尾两句,引入偶遇之人,带有鲜明的生活气息。
13.将甲文中划线的句子译成现代汉语。(4分)
⑴伛偻提携,往来而不绝者,滁人游也。
⑵临溪而渔,溪深而鱼肥。
14.试展开想象,体味“行到水穷处,坐看云起时”中“穷”、“起”的表达效果。(2分)
【答案】8.C 9.B 10.A 11.B 12.C
13.⑴老老小小的人们,来来往往,络绎不绝的,是滁州人在出游。 ⑵到溪边来钓鱼,溪水深鱼儿肥。
14.“穷”指尽头;“起”,升起的意思。一“穷”一“起”,生动形象地表现了自然之景的变幻。
篇6:《魏源》阅读试题
《魏源》阅读试题
阅读下面的文言文,完成12—15题。(17分)
魏源,字文渊,建昌县人。永乐四年进士,除监察御史,辨松江知府黄子威诬,奏减浙东濒海渔课。巡按陕西,西安大疫,疗活甚众。奏言:“诸府仓粟积一千九十余万石,足支十年。今民疫妨农,请输钞代两税之半。”从之。两遭丧,俱起复。宣德五年,河南旱荒,民多转徙。帝以源廉正有为,命为左布政使,俾驰驿之任。时侍郎许廓往抚辑,廷议又起丁忧布政使李昌祺原官。源与廓、昌祺发仓廪,免逋赋杂役,流民渐归。雨亦旋降,岁大丰。居三年,召还,授刑部左侍郎。明年,永丰民夏九旭等据大盘山为乱。帝以源江西人,命抚之,都督任礼帅兵随其后。未至,官军擒九旭,因命二人采木四川,兼饬边务。英宗即位,进尚书。正统二年五月命整饬大同、宣府诸边,许便宜行事。源遣都督佥事李谦守独石,按行天城、朔州诸险要,令将吏分守。设威远卫,增修开平、龙门城,自独石抵宣府,增置墩堠。免屯军租一年,储火器为边备,诸依权贵避役者悉括归伍。寻以宣、大军务久弛,请召还巡抚佥都御史卢睿,而荐兵部侍郎于谦为镇守参赞。于是言官以临边擅易置大臣为源罪,合疏劾之。帝以源有劳,置不问。事竣还朝,与都御史陈智相詈于直庐①。智以闻,诏两责之。岁旱,录上疑狱,且请推行于天下,报可。旋坐决狱不当,与侍郎何文渊俱下狱。得宥,复以上辽王贵烚罪状,不言其内乱事,与三司官皆系诏狱。累月,释还职。源在刑部久,议狱多平恕。陕西佥事计资言,武臣杂犯等罪,予半俸,谪极边。源以所言深刻,奏寝之。六年以足疾命朝朔望。八年致仕,卒。
注:①直庐:旧时侍臣值宿之处。
12.对下列句子中加点的词的解释,不正确的是(3分)
A.奏减浙东濒海渔课 课:赋税
B.俾驰驿之任 俾:使,让
C.免逋赋杂役 逋:拖欠
D.且请推行于天下,报可 报:上报
13.以下各组句子中,全部直接表明魏源“有为”的一组是(3分)
①西安大疫,疗活甚众 ②两遭丧,俱起复
③帝以源廉正有为,命为左布政使 ④发仓廪,免逋赋杂役
⑤设威远卫,增修开平、龙门城 ⑥储火器为边备,诸依权贵避役者悉括归伍
A. ①③④ B. ①④⑤ C. ②③⑥ D. ②⑤⑥
14.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析,不正确的.一项是(3分)
A. 魏源治政宽缓,体恤百姓。他巡按陕西救治瘟疫中的百姓,并奏请输钞代税;河南旱灾,他开仓赈济百姓,流亡的百姓逐渐回归家园。
B. 魏源治边有方,守卫为务。他整治大同、宣府边务,派遣、奏请更换将吏守卫,修筑军事设施,储备军器,妥善安置军民,稳定了边境。
C. 魏源理政有为,深得皇帝信任。他整治大同、宣府边务时,皇帝准许他便宜行事;谏官上奏弹劾他临边擅自更换设置大臣,皇帝不予追究。
D. 魏源治狱平恕,但亦有不当。例如他认为计资的建议过于苛刻,就没有上报朝廷。
15.把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(8分)
(1)事竣还朝,与都御史陈智相詈于直庐。智以闻,诏两责之。(4分)
答:
(2)得宥,复以上辽王贵烚罪状,不言其内乱事,与三司官皆系诏狱。(4分)
答:
篇7:托福考试阅读试题
What unusual or unique biological trait led to the remarkable diversification and unchallenged success of the ants for ever 50 million years? The answer appears to be that they were the first group of predatory eusocial insects that both lived and foraged primarily in the soil and in rotting vegetation on the ground. Eusocial refers to a form of insect society characterized by specialization of tasks and cooperative care of the young; it is rare among insects. Richly organized colonies of the land made possible by eusociality enjoy several key advantages over solitary individuals.
Under most circumstances groups of workers are better able to forage for food and defend the nest, because they can switch from individual to group response and back again swiftly and according to need. When a food object or nest intruder is too large for one individual to handle, nestmates can be quickly assembled by alarm or recruitment signals. Equally important is the fact that the execution of multiple-step tasks is accomplished in a series-parallel sequence. That is, individual ants can specialize in particular steps, moving from one object (such as a larva to be fed) to another (a second larva to be fed). They do not need to carry each task to completion from start to finish — for example, to check the larva first, then collect the food, then feed the larva. Hence, if each link in the chain has many workers in attendance, a series directed at any particular object is less likely to fail. Moreover, ants specializing in particular labor categories typically constitute a caste specialized by age or body form or both. There has been some documentation of the superiority in performance and net energetic yield of various castes for their modal tasks, although careful experimental studies are still relatively few.
What makes ants unusual in the company of eusocial insects is the fact that they are the only eusocial predators (predators are animals that capture and feed on other animals) occupying the soil and ground litter. The eusocial termites live in the same places as ants and also have wingless workers, but they feed almost exclusively on dead vegetation.
1. Which of the following questions does the passage primarily answer?
(A) How do individual ants adapt to specialized tasks?
(B) What are the differences between social and solitary insects?
(C) Why are ants predators?
(D) Why have ants been able to thrive for such a long time?
2. The word “unique” in line 1 is closest in meaning to
(A) inherited
(B) habitual
(C) singular
(D) natural
3. The word “rotting” in line 4 is closest in meaning to
(A) decaying
(B) collected
(C) expanding
(D) cultivated
4. The word “key” in line 7 is closest in meaning to
(A) uncommon
(B) important
(C) incidental
(D) temporary
5. According to the passage , one thing eusocial insects can do is rapidly switch from
(A) one type of food consumption to another
(B) one environment to another
(C) a solitary task to a group task
(D) a defensive to an offensive stance
6. The task of feeding larvae is mentioned in the passage to demonstrate
(A) the advantages of specialization
(B) the type of food that larvae are fed
(C) the ways ant colonies train their young for adult tasks
(D) the different stages of ant development
7. The author uses the word “Hence” in line 16 to indicate
(A) a logical conclusion
(B) the next step in a senes of steps
(C) a reason for further study
(D) the relationship among ants
8. All of the following terms art defined in the passage EXCEPT
(A) eusocial (line 3)
(B) series-parallel sequence (line 13)
(C) caste (line 19)
(D) predators (line 23)
9. The word “they” in line 25 refers to
(A) termites
(B) ants
(C) places
(D) predators
10. It can be inferred from the passage that one main difference between termites and ants is that termites
(A) live above ground
(B) are eusocial
(C) protect their nests
(D) eat almost no animal substances
参考答案:DCABC AACAD
篇8:托福考试阅读试题
The most thoroughly studied cases of deception strategies employed by ground-nesting birds involve plovers, small birds that typically nest on beaches or in open fields, their nests merely scrapes in the sand or earth. Plovers also have an effective repertoire of tricks for distracting potential nest predators from their exposed and defenseless eggs or chicks.
The ever-watchful plover can detect a possible threat at a considerable distance. When she does, the nesting bird moves inconspicuously off the nest to a spot well away from eggs or chicks. At this point she may use one of several ploys. One technique involves first moving quietly toward an approaching animal and then setting off noisily through the grass or brush in a low, crouching run away from the nest, while emitting rodent like squeaks. The effect mimics a scurrying mouse or vole, and the behavior rivets the attention of the type of predators that would also be interested in eggs and chicks.
Another deception begins with quiet movement to an exposed and visible location well away from the nest. Once there, the bird pretends to incubate a brood. When the predator approaches, the parent flees, leaving the false nest to be searched. The direction in which the plover “escapes” is such that if the predator chooses to follow, it will be led still further away from the true nest.
The plover's most famous stratagem is the broken-wing display, actually a continuum of injury-mimicking behaviors spanning the range from slight disability to near-complete helplessness. One or both wings are held in an abnormal position, suggesting injury. The bird appears to be attempting escape along an irregular route that indicates panic. In the most extreme version of the display, the bird flaps one wing in an apparent attempt to take to the air, flops over helplessly, struggles back to its feet, runs away a short distance, seemingly attempts once more to take off, flops over again as the “useless” wing fails to provide any lift, and so on. Few predators fail to pursue such obviously vulnerable prey. Needless to say, each short run between “flight attempts” is directed away from the nest.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The nest-building techniques of plovers
(B) How predators search for plovers
(C) The strategies used by plovers to deceive predators
(D) Why plovers are vulnerable to predators
2. The word “merely” in fine 3 is closest in meaning to
(A) often
(B) only
(C) usually
(D) at first
3. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage about plovers?
(A) Their eggs and chicks are difficult to find.
(B) They are generally defenseless when away from their nests.
(C) They are slow to react in dangerous situations.
(D) Their nests are on the surface of the ground.
4. The word “emitting” in line 10 is closest in meaning to
(A) bringing
(B) attracting
(C) producing
(D) minimizing
5. In the deception technique described in paragraph 2, the plover tries to
(A) stay close to her nest
(B) attract the predator's attention
(C) warn other plovers of danger
(D) frighten the approaching predator
6. The word “spanning” in line 19 is closest in meaning to
(A) covering
(B) selecting
(C) developing
(D) explaining
7. According to paragraph 4, which of the following aspects of the plover's behavior gives the appearance that it is frightened?
(A) Abnormal body position
(B) Irregular escape route
(C) Unnatural wing movement
(D) Unusual amount of time away from the nest
8. The word “pursue” in line 25 is closest in meaning to
(A) catch
(B) notice
(C) defend
(D) chase
9. According to the passage , a female plover utilizes all of the following deception techniques EXCEPT
(A) appearing to be injured
(B) sounding like another animal
(C) pretending to search for prey
(D) pretending to sit on her eggs
10. Which of the following best describes the organization of the passage ?
(A) A description of the sequence of steps involved in plovers nest building
(B) A generalization about plover behavior followed by specific examples
(C) A comparison and contrast of the nesting behavior of plovers and other ground nesting birds
(D) A cause-and-effect analysis of the relationship between a prey and a predator
参考答案:CBDCB ABDCB
篇9:托福考试阅读试题
Geographers say that what defines a place are four properties: soil, climate, altitude, and aspect, or attitude to the Sun. Florida's ancient scrub demonstrates this principle. Its soil is pure silica, so barren it supports only lichens as ground cover. It does, however, sustain a sand-swimming lizard that cannot live where there is moisture or plant matter the soil. Its climate, despite more than 50 inches of annual rainfall, is blistering desert. The only plant life it can sustain is the xerophytic, the quintessentially dry. Its altitude is a mere couple of hundred feet, but it is high ground on a peninsula elsewhere close to sea level, and its drainage is so critical that a difference of inches in elevation can bring major changes in its plant communities. Its aspect is flat direct, brutal — and subtropical.
Florida's surrounding lushness cannot impinge on its desert scrubbiness. This does not sound like an attractive place. It does not look much like one either: shrubby little oaks, clumps of scraggly bushes prickly pear, thorns, and tangles. “It appears,” Said one early naturalist, “to desire to display the result of the misery through which it has passed and is passing”. By our narrow standards, scrub is not beautiful; neither does it meet our selfish utilitarian needs. Even the name is an epithet, a synonym for the stunted, the scruffy, the insignificant, what is beautiful about such a place?
The most important remaining patches of scrub lie along the Lake Wales Ridge, a chain of paleoislands running for a hundred miles down the center of Florida, in most places less than ten miles wide. It is relict seashore, tossed up millions of years ago when ocean levels were higher and the rest of the peninsula was submerged. That ancient emergence is precisely what makes Lake Wales Ridge so precious: it has remained unsubmerged, its ecosystems essentially undisturbed since the Miocene era. As a result, it has gathered to itself one of the largest collections of rare organisms in the world. Only about 75 plant species survive there, but at least 30 of these are found nowhere else on Earth.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) How geographers define a place
(B) The characteristics of Florida's ancient scrub
(C) An early naturalist's opinion of Florida
(D) The history of the Lake Wales Ridge
2. The author mentions all of the following factors that define a place EXCEPT
(A) aspect
(B) altitude
(C) soil
(D) life-forms
3. It can be inferred from the passage that soil composed of silica
(A) does not hold moisture
(B) is found only in Florida
(C) nourishes many kinds of ground cover
(D) provides food for many kinds of lizards
4. The word “sustain” in line 6 is closets in meaning to
(A) select
(B) strain
(C) support
(D) store
5. The author mentions the prickly pear (line 12) as an example of
(A) valuable fruit-bearing plants of the scrub area
(B) unattractive plant life of the scrub area
(C) a pant discovered by an early naturalist
(D) plant life that is extremely rare
6. The author suggests that human standards of beauty are
(A) tolerant
(B) idealistic
(C) defensible
(D) limited
7. The word “insignificant” in line 16 is closest in meaning to
(A) unimportant
(B) undisturbed
(C) immature
(D) inappropriate
8. According to the passage , why is the Lake Wales Ridge valuable?
(A) It was originally submerged in the ocean.
(B) It is less than ten miles wide.
(C) It is located near the seashore.
(D) It has ecosystems that have long remained unchanged
9. The word “it” in line 21 refer to
(A) Florida
(B) the peninsula
(C) the Lake Wales Ridge
(D) the Miocene era
10. The passage probably continues with a discussion of
(A) ancient scrub found in other areas of the country
(B) geographers who study Florida's scrub
(C) the climate of the Lake Wales Ridge
(D) the unique plants found on the Lake Wales Ridge
参考答案:BDACB DADCD
篇10:阅读理解试题
阅读理解试题精选
阅读下面这首唐诗,完成①—③题。(8分)
归嵩山作①
(唐)王维
清川带长薄②,车马去闲闲。
流水如有意,暮禽相与还。
荒城临古渡,落日满秋山。
迢递嵩高下,归来且闭关。
【注】①嵩山:又名嵩高山,在登封县(今属河南省)北,为五岳的中岳。作者开元中期曾隐居于此。②长薄:指随山麓延伸的林木丛。薄,草木丛生。
①王维与 齐名,皆为盛唐 诗派的代表。(2分)
②对此诗的理解不恰当的一项是( )(2分)
A. 首联勾勒了一幅“清溪映带绵延丛林、车马行进悠然从容”的图画。
B. 颈联以“荒城”“古渡”“落日”“秋山”营造出苍茫凄清的意境。
C. 尾联表达诗人终于归隐嵩山脚下,断绝世俗交往的.淡泊情怀。
D. 从全诗看,诗人的感情经历了从孤寂清冷到萧瑟凄凉再到闲适自得的变化。
③诗的颔联颇受世人推崇,请从表现手法的角度加以赏析。(4分)
参考答案
①孟浩然 山水田园(2分)
②D (2分)
③移情入景,用拟人手法写出流水、暮禽的情意,景象生动。人向山里行,水自谷中出,似是有意相迎:天色向晚,暮鸟投林,似是与诗人结伴归山。这样写大大增强了归隐者与大自然的和谐感,表现了诗人闲适自得的情怀。(4分)
篇11:社戏阅读试题参考
社戏阅读试题参考
阅读下面文段,回答问题。
(一)
两岸的豆麦和河底的水草所发散出来的清香,夹杂在水气中扑面的吹来;月色便朦胧在这水气里。淡黑的起伏的连山,仿佛是踊跃的铁的兽脊似的,都远远地向船尾跑去了,但我却还以为船慢。他们换了四回手。渐望见依稀的'赵庄,而且似乎听到歌吹了,还有几点火,料想便是戏台,但或者也许是渔火。那声音大概是横笛,______,_______,使我的心也________,然而又自失起来,觉得要和他_______在含着豆麦蕴藻之香的夜气里。那火接近了,果然是渔火;我才记得先前望见的也不是赵庄。那是正对船头的一丛松柏林,我去年也曾经去游玩过,还看见破的石马倒在地上,一个石羊蹲在草里呢。过了那林,船便弯进了叉港,于是赵庄便真在眼前了。
①文中空白处应填的词语是_____、______、_ _、__________。
②指出文中加粗词的含义。朦胧( ) 依稀( )也许( ) 然而( )和( ) 去年( )呢( ) 在( )
③选出对“似乎听到歌吹了”“也许是渔火”“那声音大概是横笛”三个句子中加粗的词理解正确的一项是( )
A. “似乎”“也许”表示猜测,“大概”表示基本肯定。
B. “似乎”表示猜测,“也许”“大概”均表示肯定。
C. “似乎”表示猜测,“也许”表示猜测的另一种可能性,“大概”表示有很大的可能性。
D. “似乎”“也许”“大概”都表示猜测。
④这段文字行文缜密,前后多处照应。将文段中相应的句子填写在相应的表格中。
前文交代的句子
后文相照应的句子
A.社戏阅读答案
B.那声音大概是横笛
C.或者也许是渔火
才记得先前望见的也不是赵庄
⑤A. “但我还以为船慢”;B. “然而又自失起来”;C. “果然是渔火”;D. “于是赵庄就真在眼前了”。这四句分别表现了“我”去看戏途中的___________________、___________________、___________________、___________________的心理。
⑥对这几段文字写景时的观察点和观察角度的分析正确的一项是( )
A. 船上 仰视 B. 岸上平视
C. 船上平眺 D. 岸上 眺望
⑦选文中的景物描写是作者从视觉、听觉、嗅觉和触觉等方面展开的,请把有关语句摘抄在下面。
a. 视觉方面描写的语句有____________________________________________________
b. 听觉方面描写的语句有____________________________________________________
c. 嗅觉方面描写的语句有____________________________________________________
d. 触觉方面描写的语句有____________________________________________________
⑧以景物描写衬托“我”急切心情的语句有_______________________________
⑨对选段中画线的比喻句理解正确的一项是( )
A. 船离开平桥村,行驶急速,“我”当时看戏心切,觉得起伏的“连山”像踊跃的兽脊,心中充满了向往。
B. 这个比喻符合当时舟中观夜景的实际情形:因山势起伏,船行疾速,山色淡黑,群山极像“踊跃”的、“铁”青的巨兽的脊背,同时也写出了船速之快,看戏心切。
C. 这个比喻将静止的景物写作流动的视景:连山起伏,静止不动,作者将其比作踊跃的兽脊,化静为动,形象生动。
D. 这个比喻句写出了夜间山景的特点:群山起伏,山色淡黑,极像踊跃的野兽的脊背。
⑩选段景物描写的作用是什么?
篇12:综合阅读试题
综合阅读试题
1.观察右图,说说漫画揭示了怎样的社会问题。
2.下面是由中国新闻出版研究院组织实施的第十次全国国民阅读调查项目中的`国民图书阅读率统计图,请说说你从图中得出的结论。
3.在“《鲁滨逊漂流记》我来讲”读书交流会上,一位同学提供了一段文字,并设计了两个问题,请你作答。
他愈走愈近,而且每走十到十二步就要跪倒在地,表示他对我的救命之恩的感情。我对他?,显出一副和颜悦色的神情,招呼他走近些。最后,他走到我跟前,然后又跪下,吻着地面,把他的脑袋贴在地上,抓住我一只脚,把我的脚放在他的脑袋上。
①其中“他”指的是。
②请按照《鲁滨逊漂流记》的内容,排列下面情节的先后顺序(只填序号)。
A.抗争病魔
B.重返故乡
C.发现野人
D.海上冒险
【答案】1.示例:昔日人头攒动的新华书店如今生意惨淡,无人问津。
2.示例:从1999―2005年,中国国民的阅读率持续走低(下降),但从2005―2012年,中国国民的阅读率呈持续上升趋势。
3.①星期五,②DACB
★ 驾校理论考试题
★ 驾驶员培训考试题
★ 奥数试题及答案
★ 有理数测试题
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