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形容词和副词

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形容词和副词（共6篇）由网友“大不了去捡垃圾”投稿提供，以下是小编为大家汇总后的形容词和副词，希望能够帮助到大家。

形容词和副词

篇1：形容词和副词

内容提要

形容词和副词在语法结构中主要用于比较级和最高级。形容词和副词的构成形式基本上一样，它们的形式与单音节、双音节和多音节有关，当然还有其特殊形式。形容词和副词比较级的基本用法分为同级比较、比较级和最高级三种形式。但这三种形式都有它们特殊的表达方式以及它们的惯用法。对以下要点大家须一一掌握。

I形容词比较级和最高级的形式

一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成

形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下

构成法原级比较级最高级

① 一般单音节词末尾加瞖r 和瞖st strong stronger strongest

② 单音节词如果以瞖结尾，只加瞨和瞫t strange stranger strangest

③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母，

须先双写这个辅音字母，再加瞖r和瞖st sad

big

hot sadder

bigger

hotter saddest

biggest

hottest

④ 少数以瞴,瞖r(或瞮re),瞣w,瞓le结尾的双音节词，末尾加瞖r和瞖st(以瞴结尾的词，如瞴前是辅音字母，把y变成i，再加瞖r和瞖st，以瞖结尾的词仍加瞨和瞫t) angry

clever

narrow

noble angrier

cleverer

narrower

nobler angrest

cleverest

narrowest

noblest

⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most different more

different most

different

1) The most high ［A］ mountain in ［B］ the world is Mount Everest， which is situated ［C］ in Nepal and is twenty瞡ine thousand one hundred and fourty one feet high ［D］ .

2) This house is spaciouser ［A］ than that ［B］ white ［C］ one I bought in Rapid City， South Dakota ［D］ last year.

3) Research in the social ［A］ sciences often proves difficulter ［B］ than similar ［C］ work in the physical ［D］ sciences.

二、形容词比较级或最高级的特殊形式：

1. 三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most

只能说 more beautiful而不能说beautifuller; 只能说the most beautiful而不能说beautifullest。

但是，以形容前缀瞮n结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy,untidy，我们可以说：unhappier→unhappiest, untidier→untidiest

2. 由睮NG分词和睧D分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级

more(most) striking, more(most) interesting, more(most) wounded, more(most)worn等。

4) The drawings ［A］ of the old masters ［B］ are among the treasuredest ［C］ works in museums ［D］ .

3. 英语里有些形容词由于其词义而不可能有比较级形式

absolute fatal main right universal

chief final naked simulta- utter

entire foremost perfect neous vital

eternal inevitable possible sufficient whole

excellent infinite primary supreme wooden

三、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式

good well better best

bad ill worse worst

many much more most

little few less least

far farther farthest

further furthest

5) African elephants are larger， fiercer， and difficulter ［A］ to tame ［B］ than ［C］ Asian elephants ［D］ .

6) Sarah Hale became ［A］ one of the famousest ［B］ magazine ［C］ editors in the United States during ［D］ the 1800’s.

7) Of all ［A］ the Native American tribes ［B］， the Shawnee Indians were ［C］ a most ［D］ transient.

四、例题解析

1) A错。应将“most high”改为highest。这是在考形容词比较级的构成形式。

2) A错。改为more spacious。

3) B错。改为more difficult。

4) C错。 treasured 在本句中是睧D分词(动词treasure ＋ed)作形容词使用，是“宝贵的、珍贵的”意思，修饰名词 works(作品)，其最高级形式应用 the most treasured。

5) A错，改为more difficult。

6) B错。改为“the most famous”，因为famous(著名的)是双音节，其最高级变化应在前面加“the most”。

7) D错。应改为“the most”，因为此处表示的是最高级，“the most transient”意为“(延续时间)最短暂的”。

II 副词比较级和最高级的形式

副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样

一般副词

hard→harder →hardest

fast→faster →fastest

late→later →latest

early→earlier →earliest

特殊副词

well →better →best

much →more →most

badly →worse →worst

little →less →least

但是，开放类副词即以后缀瞝y结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加瞖r或瞖st，如

quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly

［注］： early中的瞝y不是后缀，故可以把瞴变瞚再加瞖r和瞖st

III形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法

一、原级比较的基本用法

1. 原级比较由“as＋形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)＋as ”构成“原级相同”比较句，表示两者比较；其否定式，即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as) ＋形容词或副词＋as”，而且as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰

1) Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as .

［A］ to run for fifteen minutes

［B］ running for fifteen minutes

［C］ you run for fifteen minutes

［D］ fifteen瞞inute walking

2) The gorilla(大猩猩)， while ［A］ not quite as curious than ［B］ the chimpanzee(黑猩猩)， shows more persistence ［C］ and memory retention(记忆力) in solving ［D］ a problem.

3) Alaska is twice ［A］ as larger ［B］ as ［C］ the next largest ［D］ state， Texas.

2. “as (so)＋名词＋as＋名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as

4) Thomas Jefferson’s achievements as an architect rival his contributions a politician.

［A］ such

［B］ more

［C］ as

［D］ than

5) I should say Henry is not much a writer as a reporter. (88年考题)

［A］ that

［B］ so

［C］ this

［D］ as

二、比较级

1. 比较级由“形容词(副词)比较级＋than＋…，”构成表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、睮NG结构和睧D结构，有时也可省去than。

6) Natural mica(云母) of ［A］ a superior ［B］ quality is cheapest ［C］ to obtain than synthetic ［D］ mica.

7) She is older than .

［A］ any other girl in the group

［B］ any girl in the group

［C］ all girls in the group

［D］ you and me as well as the group

8) Josephine McCrackin joined ［A］ the “Santa Cruz Sentinel” in 1905 and， until her death fifteen years late ［B］， remained ［C］ active in journalistic ［D］ work.

2. 注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致

9) The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than .

［A］ ours

［B］ with us

［C］ for ours it had

［D］ it did for us

10) Sound travels air.

［A］ faster through water than through

［B］ faster than through water and

［C］ through water faster and

［D］ where it is faster through water than through

11) Gerbrand von den Feckhout， one of Rembrand’s pupils， followed ［A］ the style of his teacher so implicitly that ［B］ his paintings ［C］ are sometimes confused with his master ［D］ .

三、最高级

1. 最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句”(如all, of all, of the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place等)

12) The more ［A］ fearsome of all the ［B］ animals in ［C］ the Western ［D］ Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.

13) Of all economic ［A］ problems， inflation continues to be ［B］ a ［C］ most significant in its daily impact on ［D］ people and business.

14) ， the most familiar to general public is the criminal jurisdiction.

［A］ All the activities

［B］ The activities

［C］ Of all the activities

［D］ It is the activities

2. 副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the

四、例题解析

1) B为正确答案。

2) B错。改为 as ，和前面的as和形容词原形curious 一起构成同程度比较。

3) B错。改为as large。

4) C对。动词rival(胜过、匹敌)前后是两个相比较的成分achievements(成果)和 contributions(贡献)，由于前面的名词后出现了短语 as an architect，故空白处也应用as，使前后对比成分一致。

5) B为正确答案。

6) C错。应改为比较级cheaper。比较级后并不一定跟接连词than，有时在其间有名词或名词短语(被形容词所修饰)，介词短语，不定式或其他成分隔开。

7) A为正确答案。“She”作为单个不能跟全组比(C和D不对)，也不能跟全组所有相比，因为“她”也是其中一员，自然“她”不能跟自己相比。这里“She”比较的是“这组中的任何一个”，所以A对。

8) B错。应改为比较级later，因此处实为与19相比晚，故应使用比较级。

9) D为正确答案。

10) A为正确答案。

11) D错。改为his master’s。

12) A错。改为most。

13) C错。改为the， significant是多音节形容词，在此处应用最高级形式(在前面加 the most)，注意句中的“of all… ”。

14) C为正确答案。本句空白处缺状语，A和B全为名词短语，不符合条件；D为句子，和空白后面的句子没有任何联系，故亦应排除。只有C正确，和后面的最高级the most familiar前后呼应。

IV 形容词和副词的特殊表达法

一、形容词与副词的同级比较：由“as(so)…as”引出，其否定式为“not so…”或“not as…as”,考生还应注意下列含有“as”结构或短语的句子

1. as such：表示上文所指明的事或人

He is a child,and must be treated as such. 他是个孩子，必须被当作孩子对待。

2. as much：表示“与…同量”

Take as much as you like. 拿多少都行。

I would gladly have paid twice as much for it. 就是价格再贵一倍，我也会愿意把它买下的。

He as much as admitted the whole story. 他几乎全部承认了。

3. as many：表示“与…一样多”

I found six mistakes in as many lines. 我在六行中发现了六个错。

二、表示“几倍于”的比较级：用twice (两倍)，four times (四倍)，ten times (十倍)加上as … as 结构

This one is four times as big as that one. 这个是那个的四倍大。(这个比那个大三倍。) / Our campus is three times as large as yours. 我们的校园比你们的大两倍。 / He has books twice as many as she does. 他的书比她多一倍。

1) The five瞴ear deal obligates ［A］ the country to buy nine million tons ［B］ of grain a year ［C］， three million more as ［D］ the old pact’s minimum.

三、“the same ＋名词＋as”表示同等比较

2) The lens of a camera performs the lens of the eye.

［A］ in the same function

［B］ the same function as

［C］ the function is the same as

［D］ and has the same function

3) The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would have as the amount of money borrowed.

［A］ as the same value

［B］ the same value

［C］ value as the same

［D］ the value is the same

四、比较级前可用a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot,many, much等词语表示不定量，far, completely,still表示程度或更进一步

4) There are now methods for studying color vision in infants than there once were.

［A］ more sophisticated than

［B］ much more sophisticated

［C］ much sophisticated

［D］ sophisticated

5) The photographs of Mars taken by satellite are than those taken from the Earth.

［A］ clearest

［B］ the clearest

［C］ much clearer

［D］ more clearer

6) Common porpoises(海豚) are usually not considered ［A］ migratory， although ［B］ some do move ［C］ to more warmer ［D］ waters in winter.

五、与比较级有关的特殊词用法

1. no more than …表示“只不过”，“并不比…”(等于not any more than)

7) During observations made over a fifty瞴ear period， the power output of the Sun has than a few tenths of one percent.

［A］ varied by no more

［B］ varied no more by

［C］ not varied more by

［D］ more varied by not

Man cannot live without food any more than plants can grow without sunshine. 人没有食物不能生存，植物没有阳光也不能生长。

There is no difficulty with this task any more than with that one. 这项任务没有困难，那项任务也没有困难。

2. no less than 表示“不亚于”

There are no less than five hundred people present at the New Year party.

出席新年晚会的有五百人之多。(出席的人较多)

3. not less than 表示“不少于”

There are not less than five hundred people present at the New Year party.

出席新年晚会的只有五百人。(出席的人较不多)

4. more often than not 表示“多数情况下”

On Friday mornings, he comes late more often than not.

多数情况下，他星期五来得晚。

5. all the more 因而更加

We really admired him all the more for his frankness. 我们更加钦佩他的坦率。

6. (be) better off 较富裕，环境较好

8) Few of the people who live on the cooperatives than they were as laborers.

［A］ is well off financial

［B］ financially well off

［C］ are better off finanically

［D］ financial better off

7. had better 最好……

Come, you had much better have the thing out at once. 来，你最好把这东西弄出去。

8. less than 不到

The first steam locomotive could have a top speed of only thirteen mph(miles per hour) and the great sailing ships of the time labored along at less than half that speed.第一列蒸汽火车最快每小时只有13英里，那时的大船还不到这个速度的一半。

9. little more than 差不多

The grain in their barn is little more than that of ours. 他们仓的粮食跟我们仓的粮食差不多。

10. more than 超过，不止

I have waited for your for more than two hours. 我等了你两个多小时。

11. more or less 大体上，或多或少

The work is more or less finished. 工作大体算完成了。

Most of them came here to near money, more or less Mr.Wang worked for his cause.他们大都来挣钱的，但王先生有点像为事业而工作。

12. other than除了

They imposed no pre瞔onditions other than that the meeting should be held in their capital. 除了会议要在他们的首都开之外，他们没有提出任何先决条件。

13. rather than 而不是，与其…宁愿(rather than表示“与其…宁愿”时，如果位于句首引导句子，有虚拟的成分，相当于“… would rathe than，”所以rather than后面跟动词原形)

Read what interests you; read what you have time for magazines and newspapers rather than novels.

读你感兴趣的东西，读你有时间读的东西，如杂志和报纸而不是小说。

Rather than allow the potatoes to go bad, she sold them at half price. 她以半价把土豆给卖了，而没有让它们烂掉。

Rather than cause trouble, he left. 为了不惹事，他还是走了。

9) He came all the way to China for promoting friendship for making money.

［A］ other than

［B］ better than

［C］ more than

［D］ rather than

10) He preferred to write the letter by hand .

［A］ to typing it

［B］ than type it

［C］ to type it

［D］ rather than type it

14. so much the better 就更好了

If she will help us, so much the better. 如果他能帮我们，那就更好了。

15. so much the worse 就更糟了

So much the worse for you if you still are absent from class. 如果你继续逃课的话，就对你更不利了。

16. the more…the more(less)“越是……，就越……”

11) The harder he tried，［A］ the worst ［B］ he danced ［C］ before the large ［D］ audience.

12) The quicker a loan ［A］ is repaid ［B］， the least ［C］ it will ［D］ cost.

六、比较中的省略

1. 在as…as中，as从句可省略整个谓语部分，保留主语

She sings as well as her sister. 她跟她的姐姐唱得一样好(省去了does)。

2. 可以省去谓语部分，保留主语和be、have等助动词

Susan has done as much housework as you have. (省去了done。)

3. 可以省去主语和谓语，只剩下状语

It is not as cold in Beijing as in Datong. 北京的天气没有大同冷。

4. than从句也可以省去整个谓语部分，保留主语

They say that blood is thicker than water, that our relatives are more important to us than others. 他们说血浓于水，亲属对我们来说比其他人更重要。

5. than从句省去部分谓语，保留主语和be,have或助动词

The white collar workers earn more than the blue workers do. 白领工人比蓝领工人挣得多。

这时我们可以进行倒装，即将than后从句中的be,have或助动词移到该从句的前边

13) Hot objects emit do cold objects.

［A］ rays more than infrared(红外线)

［B］ rays are more infrared than

［C］ more than infrared rays

［D］ more infrared rays than

After all, big changes are relatively easier to make than are small ones. 相对来说，大变动比小变动毕竟容易些。

The fact is that some drug addicts are much better able to cure addiction in each other than are psychiatrists; some convicts can run better rehabilitation programs for convicts than do correctional officers; some patients in mental hospitals are better for each other than is the staff. 事实上，有些吸毒成瘾者与吸毒成瘾者之间戒瘾比精神病医生的作用还好；有些罪犯在改造其他罪犯方面比教改人员强；医院里的病人与病人之间的沟通比医务人员与病人间的沟通还强。

14) Last year the country had ［A］ fewer imports as ［B］ did the year before last ［C］ due to ［D］ the energy crisis.

6. than从句可以省去主语和部分谓语，保留宾语

Grandma gives more candies to her grandson than her granddaughter. 奶奶给孙子的糖比给孙女的多。(省去了she gives candies to)

7. than从句可以省去主语和谓语，保留状语

There are more books in this library than in that library. 这个图书馆的书比那个多。(省去了there are many books)

She is much better than yesterday. 她比昨天好多了。(省去了she was)

Signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past.近些年来在学校、商业和政府中欺诈的迹象比以前更多。

8. than从句可以省去主语，保留谓语部分

His speed of doing the work was much faster than had expected. 他干此事的速度远比想象的快。(省去了he或we)

9. 有时可以省去整个than从句

He is much healthier and happier. 她比以往任何时侯都健康幸福。(省去了than he was ever before)

10. 为了避免重复，我们经常用that代替不可数名词, those代替复数名词,one代替可数名词单数

15) Long Island， an ［A］ island that forms the ［B］ southeastern part of New York， has a ［C］ greater population than which ［D］ of forty瞭wo of thefifty states.

16) The grain of rye is longer ［A］ and slenderer ［B］ than ［C］ those of ［D］ wheat.

17) The activities of the international marketing researcher are frequently much broader than .

［A］ the domestic marketer has

［B］ the domestic marketer does

［C］ those of the domestic marketer

［D］ that which has the domestic marketer

七、隐含比较级

有时比较级并不一定出现than，这时通过上下文可喑示出，如：-Of the two oranges, which do you choose? -I like the larger one.这里的larger one是指前边提到的两个当中的较大的一个。而且有些形容词在表示比较的时候，跟“to”而不用“than”

1. prior to 较早的，较重要的

The task is prior to all others. 这项任务比其他所有的任务都重要。

I called on him prior to my departure. 动身前我去看了他一趟。

2. superior to优越，高于

In math he felt superior to John. 他觉得自己数学比约翰强。

They were resolved to rise superior to every obstacle. 他们决心战胜一切困难。

3. inferior to 下等的，次的

These apples are inferior in flavour to those. 这些苹果的味道不如那些。

4. senior to 年长的，地位高的；junior年幼的，地位低的，迟的

He is two years senior to me. 他比我大两岁。

Her appointment is junior to mine by six weeks. 她的任命比我迟六星期。

5. preferable to 更好的

Health without riches is preferable to riches without health.

贫穷但健康要比富有却多病更可取。

6. prefer…to 更倾向于…

I prefer this to that. 我喜欢这个而不喜欢那个。

八、最高级在特殊短语中的使用：在有下列短语的句子中，往往使用最高级

1. one of…

18 The grape is cultivated plants.

［A］ one of the oldest

［B］ the oldest one

［C］ one which the oldest

［D］ the one is the oldest of

2. of(among) all＋三者以上名词或代词

19) ， William Shakespeare is the most widely known.

［A］ With all writers in English

［B］ All writers in English

［C］ All of the writers in English

［D］ Of all writers in English

20) The crane is of the wading birds.

［A］ the tallest

［B］ the tallest that is

［C］ which is the tallest

［D］ which the tallest is

3. in the world(或群体名词)

21) The Appalachians Trail， extending ［A］ approximately 2，020 miles ［B］ from Maine to Georgia， is the longer ［C］ continuous ［D］ marked footpath in the world.

22) La Paz， Bolivia is the higher ［A］ capital city in ［B］ the western hemisphere and ［C］ the second瞙ighest ［D］ in the world.

九、其他有关比较的习惯表达法

1. “as ＋形容词(副词)＋as possible”结构，表示“最…，尽可能…”：“as quickly as possible”(尽量快)

23) The best way to control rats is by seeing that they have as .

［A］ possibly little nourishment

［B］ nourishment possibly little

［C］ little as possible nourishment

［D］ little nourishment as possible

2. “ sooner or later”是成语，表示“迟早、早晚”

24) Earlier ［A］ or later， all lakes are influenced ［B］ by eutrophication， a process in which lake sediment(沉积物) lowers the depth ［C］ of the water and drains(除去) oxygen from it ［D］ .

3. “would rather ＋动词原形＋than …”是惯用句型，表示“宁愿…而不愿…”，由于连词than 要求前后所比较的成分要一致

25) Alexander Graham Bell once told his family that he would rather be remembered as a teacher of the deaf ＃5]of the telephone.

［A］ than inventing

［B］ than as the inventor

［C］ the invention

［D］ as the inventor

十、most表示“非常”：有时most并不表示“最……”，而是作副词表示“非常”之意。其实它是much的最高级，作形容词用是“大多数”之意，前边不加the。另外much与to构成介词词组，表示“在很大程度上使……”that也可以作副词用，表示“如此，那么”相当于so

26) Wool is characteristic on which to classify breeds of sheep.

［A］ most obviously

［B］ obvious the most

［C］ the most obvious

［D］ the most obvious that is

27) The Democratic party has controlled ［A］ the most ［B］ of the elected positions at ［C］ state and local levels in South Carolina since ［D］ the Reconstruction.

28) During ［A］ the seventeenth century the most ［B］ colonists were primarily concerned with ［C］ D)] economics ［D］ and defense.

十一、形容词与副词的修饰关系：一般来说，形容词用来作表语(与系动词连用，注意taste, feel, become等词作系动词用时，它们后的表示应该是形容词，包括瞖d分词)或作定语修饰名词，而形容词不能修饰形容词包括睧D分词；但副词可以修饰形容词(包括睧D分词)，副词还可以修饰副词、动词或短语

29) Belgium, in the ［A］ 19th century, rapid ［B］ grew into ［C］ an industrial ［D］ country.

30) The Lost Colony in North Carolina mysterious ［A］ disappeared between ［B］ 1587 and 1590, when its ［C］ founder returned from a visit ［D］ to England.

十二、形容词与副词的位置

1. 当几个形容词共同修饰同一名词时，它们的先后顺序是：限定词→数词→描述性形容词→大小、长短、形状的形容词→色彩形容词→类属形容词→表材料形容词+被修饰的名词；或只记住限定词像a, the, my, their等词在最前边，其他词根据它们与被修饰名词关系的远近进行安排

31) Many flatworms have of eyes.

［A］ more pairs than one

［B］ more than one pair

［C］ one more pair than

［D］ one pair more than

32) Of the two houses the family prefers .

［A］ the most isolated one

［B］ the one isolated more

［C］ the more isolated one

［D］ the isolated one more

33) Freezing is at present one of the of preserving meats and vegatables.

［A］ most methods are important

［B］ methods most important

［C］ most important methods

［D］ most are important methods

2. 一般来说，单个副词修饰形容词时，副词放在形容词前；但enough修饰形容词时要放在形容词之后

good enough, mysterious enough

3. so修饰的是副词，而such修饰的是名词

34) The radio was of so ［A］ inferior quality that ［B］ I took it back ［C］ and asked for a better one ［D］ .

3. 形容词修饰名词时放在前边，但修饰复合不定代词(something, someone, somebody; anything, anyone, anybody; nothing, no瞣ne, nobody)时，则放在这些词之后

something important, anything possible

十三、关于hardly, rarely, scarcely与seldom的用法

hardly“刚刚，不完全”，表示程度：I hardly know him. “我几乎认不出他了”，表示还是能认出或者说“我刚刚能认出他”；hardly与any连用表示“几乎没有”，与ever连用表示“几乎从来不”； scarcely的意思与hardly更接近。rarely“不经常”，表示事物发生的频率：He rarely goes there. 他很少(不经常)去那里。seldom“很少，不经常”，它与rarely更接近。

十四、例题解析

1) D错。改为than。

2) B对。本句的汉语意思是“照相机的镜头和眼睛的水晶体所起的作用相同”。

3) B对。本句的汉语意思是“消除通货膨涨会保证还的钱与借时的钱同值”。

4) B为正确答案。

5) C为正确答案。

6) D错。改为warmer。

7) A为正确答案。

8) C为正确答案。

9) D为正确答案。

10) D为正确答案。

11) B错。改为worse。

12) C错。改为less。

13) D对。本句中的比较级为形容词more (much 的比较级)，被比较的两个事物为“hot objects”和“cold objects”，在所释放(emit)的红外线(infrared rays)的量上，前者多于后者。其中more修饰infrared rays，它们不能被分开，故只有D在词序上正确。空白后面为倒装语序，其中的do代替动词emit，本句空白后也可用正常语序，即“cold objects do”。

14) B错。改为than。

15) D错。改为that，代替population。

16) D错。改为that。这里比较的“The grain”不是复数，不能用复数代词those。

17) C为正确答案。比较句中，连词than前后，即所比较的成分要一致，应该在同种事物间进行比较。本句所比较的是两种 activities ，故C正确，代词those 代替“the activities”。

18) A对。“one of the oldest…”表示“(历史)最长的栽种植物之一”，C和D均不合语法，而B选项中的one多余。

19) D为正确答案。

20) A为正确答案。

21) C错。只有在两者相比较时才使用比较级，而本句出现了状语in the world，明显表示不止两者相比，故应改用最高级 (the) longest 。

22) A错。改为the highest。

23) D 为正确答案，“as little nourishment as possible ”意为“尽可能少的养料”。

24) A错。改为sooner。

25) B 为正确答案，两个短语“as a teacher of the deaf”和“ as the inventor of the telephone”相比。

26) C为正确答案。注意：空档后的“characteristic”是名词而不是形容词，所以不能填A。

27) B错。改为most。

28) B错。改为most。

29) A错。改为rapidly。

30) A错。改为mysteriously。

31) B为正确答案。

32) C为正确答案。

33) C为正确答案。

34) A错。改为such。

篇2：英语语法：形容词和副词

英语语法：形容词和副词

在中考单项选择中形容词也占一定比例，一般考查有关形容词或副词的一些搭配，但绝大部分考查形容词与副词的'比较级和最高级。

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级

①一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，如：small --- smaller --- smallest

② 以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加 r或 st，如

large --- largest --- largest

③ 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est。

④ 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把y变i，再加 er或-est.

busy---busier---busiest

happy---happier---happiest

但一些双音节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：

slowly --- more slowly --- most slowly

difficult---more difficult---most difficult

beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful

但还有一些不规则的变化：

good / well---better---best

many---more---most

bad / ill / badly ---worse---worst

little---less---least

far --- farther / further --- farther / furthest

篇3：形容词副词练习题

1. Work gets done ________ when people do it together, and the rewards are higher too.

A. easily B. very easy C. more easily D. easier

2. My parents have always made me ________ about myself, even when I was twelve.

A. feeling well B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good

3. He began to take political science ________ only when he left school.

A. strictly B. truly C. carefully D. seriously

4. The final score of the basketball match was 93-94. We were only ________ beaten.

A. nearly B. slightly C. narrowly D. lightly

5. The new group of students is better-behaved than the other group who stayed here ________.

A. early B. earlier C. earliest D. the earliest

6. —Do you need any help, Lucy?

—Yes, The job is ________ I could do myself.

A. less than B. more than C. no more than D. not more than

7. There is an old proverb, ―Love me, love my dog. ‖ But there is ________ wisdom in this: ―Love me, love my book.‖

A. some B. much C. more D. most

8. With April 18’s railway speedup, highway and air transport will have to compete with ________ service for passengers.

A. good B. better C. best D. the best

9. The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted ________ if it had been put in the fridge for a little while.

A. good B. better C. best D. well

10. After two years’ research, we now have a ________ better understanding of the disease.

A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite

11. Speaking of all the songs he has written, I think this is probably his ________ one.

A. better-known B. well-known C. best-known D. most-known

12. Of the two coats, I’d choose the ________ one to spare some money for a book.

A. cheapest B. cheaper C. more expensive D. most expensive

13. —I wonder why Mary is so unfriendly to us.

—She is ________ than unfriendly, I’m afraid.

A. shyer B. much shyer C. shy more D. more shy

14. —I didn’t do well in this English examination. How about you?

—I did ________ you.

A. not better than B. no worse than C. as well as D. no better than

15. —Now that you like the house with a garden, why not buy it?

—Well, I can’t afford ________ house at present.

A. that expensive a B. a such expensive C. that an expensive D. a so expensive

16. —Do you regret paying ten dollars for that book?

—No, I would gladly have paid ________.

A. as twice many B. twice as many C. twice as much D. as twice much

17. —I’m leaving on April 30.

—So why not come to spend ________ days with me?

A. all these last few B. these all last few C. these last all few D. all last these few

18. —Be careful not to drop the Ming Dynasty vase.

—Yes, we can’t be ________.

A. too careful B. very careful C. too careless D. careless enough

19. He’s not got another job yet and it’s not ________ he will for some time.

A. likely B. easily C. nearly D. lonely

20. We do meet now and then, but not ________.

A. freely B. commonly C. regularly D. presently

21. You don’t have to be angry with him. He ________ wanted to know the truth.

A. almost B. mostly C. merely D. hardly

22. —Are you pleased with what he has done?

—It couldn’t be____. Why didn’t he put more effort into his work?

A. any worse B. much better C. so bad D. the best

23. He moved away from his parents and missed them ________enjoy the exciting life in China.

A. too much to B. very much to C. enough to D. much so as to

24. —Is your headache getting ________?

—No, it’s worse.

A. better B. bad C. less D. well

25. Bob ran the 100 meters in 9.91 seconds, and I have not seen ________ this year.

A. the best B. better C. the most D. more

【答案与解析】

1. C。根据题意可知，说话者是将when people do it together和when people don’t do it together这两种情况比较，故选比较级。注意不要选D，因为在此题是要用副词修饰动词，不能用形容词。另外，根据句末的higher too也可知道此题是考查比较级。

2. D。首先，根据连系动词后要接形容词作表语这一特点，可排除A和C。另外，使役动词make后可接动词原形（不带to的不定式）或过去分词作宾语补足语，但不能接现在分词，故可排除选项B。

3. D。take sth seriously的意思是“认真对待某事”“认真考虑某事”。

4. C。副词narrowly在此表示“勉强地”，又如：He narrowly escaped being run over. 他差点儿被车压死。 The proposal to change the rules was narrowly defeated by 201 votes to 196. 建议改变规则的提议以196票对201票的微弱差额被否决了。本题句意：篮球赛的最后比分是93比94。我们以微弱的劣势输掉了比赛。

5. B。因题目把这组新学生与前面一组学生进行比较，故用比较级。

6. B。注意句中的Yes，由于答话者对问话者的“你需要帮助吗？”作了肯定回答，说明答话者独自完成工作有困难，故填more than。

7. C。由于是将“Love me, love my dog”与“Love me, love my book”进行比较，故用比较级。此题的`巧妙之处在于句中没有出现than，而是给出两个待比较的proverb。

8. B。句子大意为：由于铁路提速了，所以高速公路和航空业要提高服务质量来竞争客源。因将“高速公路和航空”与“铁路”比较，故用比较级。

9. B。题目中将“放入冰箱中冷冻”与“不放入冰箱中冷冻”作比较，故用比较级。句意为：史密斯家人晚餐时上的甜瓜若能放入冰箱中冷冻一下味道会更好些。

10. B。这四个副词中，通常只有far可用于修饰比较。注：quite有时也可用于修饰比较better，但它只用于表示“身体康复”，不用于其他意义。

11. C。因为是从他所写的所有歌中选出一首来比较，故用最高级。

12. B。因是两者比较，故用比较级，可将答案锁定在B和C之间；再根据句意，排除C。

13. D。此题考查more?than?的用法，其意为“与其说??不如说??”。

14. D。句中的no better than相当于as badly as，其意为“一样不好”。

15. A。that在用作副词，用法相当于so，意为“如此，这么”。

16. C。在as?as?结构中，表示倍数的词或程度副词都放在第一个as之前。

17. A。语序：不定代词 + 指示代词 + 序数词 + 基数词。

18. A。此题考查can’t be too + adj，其意为“无论??也不为过”。

19. A。因为likely是形容词，意为“可能的”，在句中作表语。easily和nearly是副词；虽然lonely(寂寞的)

是形容词，但其意义与句意不通。

20. C。因为只有regularly(经常地)才与now and then(偶尔)相对。

21. C。merely在此表示“只是”，其他选项意义不通。

22. A。因为It couldn’t be any worse. 意为“(他的工作做得)非常差”，与后文内容相符。

23. A。因为too?to do sth. (太?以至于不能做?) 是固定搭配。

24. A。由答语No, it’s worse.可知问句中用better。

25. B。后面省略了than he did，意为“我今年还没看到比他跑得更好成绩的人”。

篇4：形容词和副词的比较

形容词和副词的比较

一、同级比较的特殊点

在as ... as1结构中，若形容词作定语修饰单数可数名词，不定冠词a (an)应置于形容词和名词之间，不可放在形容词之前。例如：

她和你的父亲一样是个好老师。

[误] She is as a good teacher as your father.

[正] She is as good a teacher as your father.

二、比较级的特殊句型

1. “the + 比较级 + of the two”表示“两者中较……的一个”。例如：

Wang Gang2 is the taller of the two boys.

2. “比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”，注意多音节形容词或副词用“more and more + 多音节形容词或副词原级”。例如：

The days are getting longer and longer.

English is becoming more and more important3.

3. “The + 比较级……， the + 比较级……”表示“越……越……”。例如：

The busier he is, the happier he feels.

三、最高级的特殊句型

1. “one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词”表示“最……之一”。例如：

China is one of the largest countries in the world.

2. “the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 单数可数名词”表示“第几……”。例如：

The Yellow River is the second longest river of China.

3. 当最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格修饰时，其前不加the;若两个最高级并列使用，后一个最高级前也可以不加the。例如：

He is our best friend.

Liu Fang4 is the youngest and shortest girl in our class.

四、级与级之间的转换

1. 原级与比较级转换的常见句型：

① not so (as) +单音节形容词或副词+ as → 单音节形容词或副词的反义词比较级 + than。例如：

Tom is not so(as) tall as John.

→ Tom is shorter than John.

② not so (as) + 多音节形容词或副词 + as → less5 + 多音节形容词或副词原级 + than。例如：

Tom is not so(as) careful as Mary.

→ Tom is less careful than Mary.

2. 比较级间的转换：常改变比较对象的位置并使用形容词或副词的反义词。例如：

John is younger6 than Bill7.

→ Bill is older than John.

Li Mei comes earlier than Ma Hong every day.

→ Ma Hong comes later8 than Li Mei every day.

3. 比较级转换为最高级的常见句型：

① 比较级+than + any other + 单数名词。例如：

Zhang Lei is taller than any other student in his class.

→ Zhang Lei is the tallest student in his class.

② 比较级 + than + the other + 复数名词。例如：

Mike is younger than the other boys in his class.

→ Mike is the youngest boy in his class.

③ 比较级 + than + anyone9 else。例如：

Mr Smith is fatter than anyone else in his office.

→ Mr Smith is the fattest in his office.

扩展：名词变复数变化规则综述

一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。

读音变化：结尾是清辅音读[s]，结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。

例：friend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces

二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。

读音变化：统一加读[iz]。

例：bus→buses; quiz→quizzes; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash→flashes

三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es。

读音变化：加读[z]。

例：candy→candies; daisy→daisies; fairy→fairies; lady→ladies; story→stories

四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则加-s构成复数。

读音变化：加读[z]。

例：tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes; torpedo→torpedoes; bingo→bingoes

反例：silo→silos; piano→pianos(外来词); photo→photos; macro→macros(缩写词)

五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。

读音变化：尾音[f]改读[vz]。

例：knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves; staff→staves; scarf→scarves

反例：roof→roofs

六、以-us结尾的名词(多为外来词)，通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。

读音变化：尾音[Es]改读[ai]，其中[kEs]要改读为[sai]，[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。

例：fungus→fungi; abacus→abaci; focus→foci; cactus→cacti; cestus→cesti

七、以-is结尾的名词，通常将-is改变为-es。

读音变化：尾音[is]改读[i:z]。

例：axis→axes; basis→bases; naris→nares; hypothesis→hypotheses; restis→restes

八、以-ix结尾的名词，通常将-ix改变为-ices，但有例外。

读音变化：尾音[iks]改读[isi:z]。

例：matrix→matrices; directrix→directrices; calix→calices; appendix→appendices 反例：affix→affixes

九、以-um结尾的名词，将-um改变为-a。

读音变化：去掉鼻尾音[m]。

例：forum→fora; stadium→stadia; aquarium→aquaria; datum→data; vacuum→vacua

十、以-a结尾的名词，在该词末尾加上后辍-e。

读音变化：尾音[E]改读[i:]。

例：larva→larvae; formula→formulae; ala→alae; media→mediae; hydra→hydrae

十一、部分单词的复数形式不变。

读音变化：保持原音。

例：fish→fish; sheep→sheep; cattle→cattle; deer→deer; salmon1→salmon

十二、极少数单词，其复数形式没有任何规律。

读音变化：没有规律。

例：man→men; woman→women; child→children; person→people; ox→oxen

十三、一些单数词得加en才能变成复数词：

例：ox→oxen; child→children; brother→brethren

十四、一些单数词得改头换面一番,才能变成复数词

例：analysis→analyses分析; basis→bases基础; datum→data数据; foot→feet;

formula→formulae/formulas公式; goose→geese; louse→lice虱子; man→men

mouse→mice; medium→media/mediums媒介; memorandum→memoranda/memorandums备忘录;

parenthesis→parentheses 圆括号; phenomenon→phenomena现象; radius→radii 半径

tooth→teeth; woman→women

十五、有些名词是单数、复数不分的

例：deer; fish; cannon2; sheep; salmon 鲑鱼; trout3 鳟鱼

十六、一些名词虽分单数、复数，但出现次数多的总是单数词

例：abscence; clothing; film; help; furniture家具; machinery4机械; news; scenery风景; sugar;

traffic交通

十七、另一些名词则以复数词出现的机会较多

例：bellows风箱; clothes; police; shorts短裤; scissors剪刀; spectacles眼镜; shears6大剪刀

trousers长裤; wages工资

十八、compound nouns，这类复数词是以主要的名词来表示

例：daughter-in-law→daughters-in-law 媳妇; father-in-law→fathers-in-law岳父

man-of-war→men-of-war兵舰; maid-servant→maid-servants

step-son→step-sons晚子; son-in-law→sons-in-law

十九、若表达具体数目，要借助数量词

例：pair(对，双); suit(套); a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers

二十、另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，

例：goods货物，waters水域，fishes(各种)鱼

二十一、除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。

例：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters

篇5：形容词变副词--变！变！变！

作者：王伟博

先看一下派生副词,主要由形容词加后缀-ly变来,主要有下列三种情况:

一、在形容词词尾直接加-ly。如:real-really; helpful-helpfully; careful-carefully; hopeful-hopefully; slow-slowly; quick-quickly; quiet-quietly

二、以辅音字母加y结尾的形容词要变y为i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily

三、某些以辅音字母加不发音的字母e结尾和以-ue结尾的形容词要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如: terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently

另外,副词还可以由形容词加前缀a-得来,如:loud (adj.)-aloud (adv.)

此外,部分名词加后缀也可变成副词,如:part-partly。

例句: It is partly her fault. 有部分是她的错。

需注意: friendly; motherly; lovely等词是形容词而非副词。

再看转化副词。在英语中,有些词既可以作形容词,又可以作副词,如early, much, fast, little, wide, loud等。由于这类词词性虽不同,但词形却一样,这就需要大家学会在特定语境中判断它们各自的词性。例句:Thank you very much. (adv.) 多谢。There is much water in the river. (adj.) 河里有很多水。The music is too loud. Please turn it down. (adj.) 音乐声太大,请调低点。He speaks loud enough. So everyone in the room can hear what he said. (adv.) 他说话的声音很大,所以房间里每个人都能听到他的话。

另外,还有一类副词和形容词词义相同,但拼写却不同,如well和good。例句He speaks good English. 他讲一口流利的英语。He speaks English well. 他英语讲得不错。