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新概念英语第三册第41课:Illusions of Pastoral peace

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篇1：新概念英语第三册第41课:Illusions of Pastoral peace

Lesson 41 Illusions of pastoral peace宁静田园生活的遐想

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What particular anxiety spoils the country dweller's visit to the theatre?

The quiet life of the country has never appealed to me. City born and city bred. I have always regarded the country as something you look at through a train window, or something you occasional visit during the weekend. Most of my friends live in the city, yet they always go into raptures at the mere mention of the country. Though they extol the virtues of the peaceful life, only one of them has ever gone to live in the country and he was back in town within six months. Even he still lives under the illusion that country life is somehow superior to town life. He is forever talking about the friendly people, the clean atmosphere, the closeness to nature and the gentle pace of living. Nothing can be compared, he maintains, with the first cockcrow, the twittering of birds at dawn, the sight of the rising sun glinting on the trees and pastures. This idyllic pastoral scene is only part of the picture. My friend fails to mention the long and friendless winter evenings in front of the TV -- virtually the only form of entertainment. He says nothing about the poor selection of goods in the shops, or about those unfortunate people who have to travel from the country to the city every day to get to work. Why people are prepared to tolerate a four-hour journey each day for the dubious privilege of living in the country is beyond me. They could be saved so much misery and expense if they chose to live in the city where they rightly belong.

If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer. You never have to travel miles to see your friends. They invariably live nearby and are always available for an informal chat or an evening's entertainment. Some of my acquaintances in the country come up to town once or twice a year to visit the theatre as a special treat. For them this is a major operation which involves considerable planning. As the play draws to its close, they wonder whether they will ever catch that last train home. The cit dweller never experiences anxieties of this sort. The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. Shopping, too, is always a pleasure. The latest exhibitions, films, or plays are only a short bus ride away. Shopping, too, is always a pleasure. There is so much variety that you never have to make do with second best. Country people run wild when they go shopping in the city and stagger home loaded with as many of the exotic items as they can carry. Nor is the city without its moments of beauty. There is something comforting about the warm glow shed by advertisements on cold wet winter nights. Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at weekends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country. It has always been a mystery to me who city dwellers, who appreciate all these things, obstinately pretend that they would prefer to live in the country.

参考译文

宁静的乡村生活从来没有吸引过我。我生在城市，长在城市，总认为乡村是透过火车车窗看到的那个样了，或偶尔周末去游玩一下景象。我的许多朋友都住在城市，但他们只要一提起乡村，马上就会变得欣喜若狂。尽管他们都交口称赞宁静的乡村生活的种.种优点，但其中只有一个人真去农村住过，而且不足6个月就回来了。即使他也仍存有幻觉，好像乡村生活就是比城市生活优越。他滔滔不绝地大谈友好的农民，洁净的空气，贴近大自然的环境和悠闲的生活节奏。他坚持认为，凌晨雄鸡第一声啼叫，黎明时分小鸟吱喳欢叫，冉冉升起的朝阳染红树木、牧场，此番美景无与伦比。但这种田园诗般的乡村风光仅仅是一个侧面。我的朋友没有提到在电视机前度过的漫长寂寞的冬夜——电视是唯一的娱乐形式。他也不说商店货物品种单调，以及那些每天不得不从乡下赶到城里工作的不幸的人们。人们为什么情愿每天在路上奔波4个小时去换取值得怀疑的乡间的优点，我是无法理解的。要是他们愿意住在本来属于他们的城市，则可以让他们省去诸多不便与节约大量开支。

如果你愿舍弃乡下生活那一点点乐趣的话，那么你会发出城市可以为你提供生活最美好的东西。你去看朋友根本不用跋涉好几英里，因为他们都住在附近，你随时可以同他们聊天或在晚上一起娱乐。我在乡村有一些熟人，他们每年进城来看一回或几回戏，并把此看作一种特殊的享受。看戏在他们是件大事，需要精心计划。当戏快演完时，他们又为是否能赶上末班火车回家而犯愁。这种焦虑，城里人是从未体验过的。坐公共汽车几站路，就可看到最新的展览、电影、戏剧。买东西也是一种乐趣。物品种繁多，从来不必用二等品来凑合。乡里人进城采购欣喜若狂，每次回家时都买足了外来商品，直到拿不动方才罢休，连走路都摇摇晃晃的。城市也并非没有良辰美景。寒冷潮湿的冬夜里，广告灯箱发出的暖光，会给人某种安慰。周末，当成千上万进城上班的人回到他们的乡间寓所之后，空旷的街市笼罩着一种宁静气氛，没有什么能比此时的宁静更令人难忘了。城里人对这一切心里很明白，却偏要执拗地装出他们喜欢住在乡村的样子，这对我来说一直是个谜。

New words and expressions 生词和短语

illusion

n. 幻想，错觉

pastoral

adj. 田园的

breed (bred, bred)

v. 培育

rapture

n. 欣喜

extol

v. 赞美，颂扬

superior

adj. 优越的

cockcrow

n. 鸡叫

twitter

v. （鸟）吱吱叫，嘁嘁喳喳叫

glint

v. 闪烁

pasture

n. 牧场

idyllic

adj. 田园诗的

virtually

adv. 几乎，差不多

dubious

adj. 可疑的，怀疑的

privilege

n. 特权

misery

n. 苦难

acquaintance

n. 熟人

treat

n. 难得的乐事，享受

dweller

n. 居住者

stagger

v. 摇晃，蹒跚

exotic

adj. 导乎寻常的，外来的

glow

n. 白炽光

descend

v. 缩进，隐藏

descend

v. 缩进，隐藏

obstinately

adv. 固执地，顽固地

Notes on the text课文注释

1 city born and city bred,城里生城里长。

这是由“名词+过去分词”构成的合成形容词，此处作原因状语。

2 go into raptures，变得欣喜若狂起来。

at the mere mention of,一提到。

3 be under an illusion，作“有…的错觉”讲，that引起的是同位语从句。

4 beyond me，我所无法理解的。

5 do without...，没有…也行。

6 draw to a close，结束，告终。

7 you never have to make do with second best，你从来不必用二等品来凑合。

make do with...;奏合着用……。

Lesson 41 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer

篇2：新概念英语第三册第11课:Not guilty

Lesson 11 Not guilty无罪

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What was the Customs Officer looking for?

Customs Officers are quite tolerant these days, but they can still stop you when you are going through the Green Channel and have nothing to declare. Even really honest people are often made to feel guilty. The hardened professional smuggler, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings, even if he has five hundred gold watches hidden in his suitcase. When I returned form abroad recently, a particularly officious young Customs Officer clearly regarded me as a smuggler.

'Have you anything to declare?' he asked, looking me in the eye.

'No', I answered confidently.

'Would you mind unlocking this suitcase please?'

'Not at all,' I answered.

The Officer went through the case with great care. All the thing I had packed so carefully were soon in a dreadful mess. I felt sure I would never be able to close the case again. Suddenly, I saw the Officer's face light up. He had spotted a tiny bottle at the bottom of my case and he pounced on it with delight.

'Perfume, eh?' he asked sarcastically. 'You should have declared that. Perfume is not exempt from import duty.'

'But it isn't perfume,' I said. 'It's hair gel.' Then I added with a smile, 'It's a strange mixture I make myself.'

As I expected, he did not believe me.

'Try it!' I said encouragingly.

The officer unscrewed the cap and put the bottle to his nostrils. He was greeted by an unpleasant smell which convinced him that I was telling the truth. A few minutes later, I was able to hurry away with precious chalk marks on my baggage.

参考译文

现在的海关官员往往相当宽容。但是，当你通过绿色通道，没有任何东西需要申报时，他们仍可以拦住你。甚至是最诚实的人也常弄得觉得有罪似的，而老练的职业走私犯却使手提箱里藏着500只金表，却也处之泰然。最近一次，我也出国归来，碰上一位特别好管闲事的年轻海关官员，他显然把我当成走私犯。

“您有什么需要申报的吗？”他直盯着我的眼睛问。

“没有。”我自信地回答说。

“请打开这只手提箱好吗？”

“好的。”我回答说。

那位官员十分仔细地把箱子检查了一遍。所有细心包装好的东西一会儿工夫就乱成一团。我相信那箱子再也关不上了。突然，我看到官员脸上露出了得意的神色。他在我的箱底发现了一只小瓶，高兴地一把抓了起来。

“香水，嗯？”他讥讽地说道，“你刚才应该申报，香水要上进口税的。”

“不，这不是香水，”我说，“是发胶。”接着我脸带微笑补充说：“这是一种我自己配制的奇特的混合物。”

“你就闻一闻吧！”我催促说。

海关官员拧开瓶盖，把瓶子放到鼻子底下。一股怪味袭来，使他相信了我说的真话。几分钟后，我终于被放行，手提划着宝贵的粉笔记号的行李，匆匆离去。

New words and expressions 生词和短语

guilty

adj. 犯罪的，违法的

tolerant

adj. 宽容的

declare

v. 申报

hardened

adj. 有经验的

professional

adj. 职业的，专业的

smuggler

n. 走私者

officious

adj. 爱管闲事的

confidently

adv. 自信地

dreadful

adj. 可怕的，一团糟的

pounce

v. 猛抓，扑住

perfume

n. 香水

sarcastically

adv. 讽刺地

exempt

adj. 被免除的

duty

n. 税

gel

n. 凝胶

mixture

n. 混合物

unscrew

v. 拧开

nostril

n. 鼻孔

chalk

n. 粉笔

baggage

n. 行李

Notes on the text课文注释

1 the Green Channel，绿色通道，指海关专供没有携带征税物品进关的旅客所走的通道。

2 hidden in his suitcase是过去分词短语作定语，修饰watches。它相当于一个定语从句:which were hidden in his suitcase.

3 looking me in the eye，直盯着我的眼睛，这是分词短语作状语，表示方式，修饰asked。

4 The officer went through，这里go through作“检查”讲。

5 in a dreadful mess(或in a mess)，乱七八糟，混乱透了。

6 I saw the Officer's face light up.我看到那位官员的脸上露出了得意的神色。

7 You should have declared that，你早该申报了。“should+不定式的完成式”表示本该做而未做之事。

8 he exempt from作“免除”、“豁免，’解。

Lesson 11 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer

篇3：新概念英语第三册第21课:Daniel Mendoza

Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza丹尼尔·门多萨

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

How many unsuccessful attempts did Mendoza make before becoming Champion of all England?

Boxing matches were very popular in England two hundred years ago. In those days, boxers fought with bare fists for prize money. Because of this, they were known as 'prizefighters'. However, boxing was very crude, for these were no rules and a prizefighter could be seriously injured or even killed during a match.

One of the most colourful figures in boxing history was Daniel Mendoza, who was born in 1764. The use of gloves was not introduced until 1860, when the Marquis of Queensberry drew up the first set of rules. Though he was technically a prizefighter, Mendoza did much to change crude prizefighting into a sport, for he brought science to the game. In this day, Mendoza enjoyed tremendous popularity. He was adored by rich and poor alike.

Mendoza rose to fame swiftly after a boxing match when he was only fourteen years old. This attracted the attention of Richard Humphries who was then the most eminent boxer in England. He offered to train Mendoza and his young pupil was quick to learn. In fact, Mendoza soon became so successful that Humphries turned against him. The two men quarrelled bitterly and it was clear that the argument could only be settled by a fight. A match was held at Stilton, where both men fought for an hour. The public bet a great deal of money on Mendoza, but he was defeated. Mendoza met Humphries in the ring on a later occasion and he lost for a second time. It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries and became Champion of England. Meanwhile, he founded a highly successful Academy and even Lord Byron became one of his pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as $100 for a single appear one of his pupils. He earned enormous sums of money and was paid as much as $100 for a single appearance. Despite this, he was so extravagant that he was always in debt. After he was defeated by a boxer called Gentleman Jackson, he was quickly forgotten. He was sent to prison for failing to pay his debts and died in poverty in 1836.

参考译文

两百年前，拳击比赛在英国非常盛行。当时，拳击手们不戴手套，为争夺奖金而搏斗。因此，他们被称作“职业拳击手”。不过，拳击是十分野蛮的，因为当时没有任何比赛规则，职业拳击手有可能在比赛中受重伤，甚至丧命。

拳击史上最引人注目的人物之一是丹尼尔.门多萨，他生于1764年。1860年昆斯伯里侯爵第一次为拳击比赛制定了规则，拳击比赛这才用上了手套。虽然门多萨严格来讲不过是个职业拳击手，但在把这种粗野的拳击变成一种体育运动方面，他作出了重大贡献。是他把科学引进了这项运动。门多萨在的全盛时期深受大家欢迎，无论是富人还是穷人都对他祟拜备至。

门多萨在14岁时参加一场拳击赛后一举成名。这引起当时英国拳坛名将理查德.汉弗莱斯的注意。他主动提出教授门多萨，而年少的门多萨一学就会。事实上，门多萨不久便名声大振，致使汉弗莱斯与他反目为敌。两个人争吵不休，显而易见，只有较量一番才能解决问题。于是两人在斯蒂尔顿设下赛场，厮打了一个小时。公众把大笔赌注下到了门多萨身上，但他却输了。后来，门多萨与汉弗莱斯再次在拳击场上较量，门多萨又输了一场。直到1790年他们第3次对垒，门多萨才终于击败汉弗莱斯，成了全英拳击冠军。同时，他建立了一所拳击学校，办得很成功，连拜伦勋爵也成了他的学生。门多萨挣来大笔大笔的钱，一次出场费就多可达 100英镑。尽管收入不少，但他挥霍无度，经常债台高筑。他在被一个叫杰克逊绅士的拳击手击败后很快被遗忘。他因无力还债而被捕入狱，最后于1836年在贫困中死去。

New words and expressions 生词和短语

Boxing

n. 拳击

boxer

n. 拳击手

bare

adj. 赤裸的

prizefighter

n. 职业拳击手（尤指古时赤手拳击手）

crude

adj. 粗野的

marquis

n. 侯爵

technically

adv. 严格根据法律意义地

science

n. 科学

popularity

n. 名望

adore

v. 崇拜，爱戴

alike

adv. 一样地

fame

n. 名声

eminent

adj. 著名的，杰出的

bitterly

adv. 厉害地

bet

v. 打赌

academy

n. 专业学校

extravagant

adj. 浪费的，奢移的

poverty

n. 贫困

Notes on the text课文注释

1 they were known as ` prizefighters'，他们被称作“职业拳击手”。be known as…，被称作···。

2 until 1860, when the Marquis o Queensberry drew up the first set of rules中，以when引导的从句是定语从句，修饰前面的年代1860年。draw up是“制定”，“草拟”的意思。a set of,一套。Marquis of Queensberry,昆斯伯里侯爵，是指第8位昆斯伯里侯爵约翰·修托·道格拉斯(1844 -1900 )，苏格兰贵族。他制定的 “昆斯伯里规则”至今仍是拳击的比赛规则。

3 change ... into ...，把...变成...; bring ... to ...，把...引进...。

4 in his day，在他的全盛时期。

day此处指“幸运或顺利的时期”。

5 He was adored by rich and poor alike.人们不论贫富都很崇拜他。

rich and poor是固定词组，意为富人和穷人。有的形容词可用作名词，但前面要加the。

6 rise to fame，成名。

7 Humphries turned against him，汉弗莱斯与他反目为敌。

8 at Stilton, where both men fought for an hour中，以where引导的从句作Stilton的定语。

9 bet on…，在……上押(赌金)。

10 It was not until his third match in 1790 that he finally beat Humphries…这是一个it的强调句。被强调的部分not until his third match in 1790放在It was之后，句子的其他部分放在引导词that之后。

11 be in debt 负债。

Lesson 21 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer

篇4：新概念英语第三册第10课:The loss of the Titanic

Lesson 10 The loss of the Titanic“泰坦尼克”号的沉没

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

What would have happened if only two of the sixteen water-tight compartments had been flooded?

The great ship, Titanic, sailed for New York from Southampton on April 10th, 1912. She was carrying 1,316 passengers and crew of 891. Even by modern standards, the 46,000 ton Titanic was a colossal ship. At the time, however, she was not only the largest ship that had ever been built, but was regarded as unsinkable, for she had sixteen watertight compartments. Even if two of these were flooded, she would still be able to float. The tragic sinking of this great liner will always be remembered, for she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life.

Four days after setting out, while the Titanic was sailing across the icy water of the North Atlantic, huge iceberg was suddenly spotted by a lookout. After the alarm had been given, the great ship turned sharply to avoid a direct collision. The Titanic turned just in time, narrowly missing the immense walk of ice which rose over 100 feet out of the water beside her. Suddenly, there was a slight trembling sound from below, and the captain went down to see what had happened. The noise had been so faint that no one though that the ship had been damaged. Below, the captain realized to his horror that the Titanic was sinking rapidly, for five of her sixteen watertight compartments had already been flooded! The order to abandon ship was given and hundreds of people plunged into the icy water. As there were not enough lifeboats for everybody, 1,500 lives were lost.

参考译文

巨轮“泰坦尼克”号194月10日从南安普敦起锚驶向纽约。船上载有1,316名乘客与891名船员。却使用现代标准来衡量，45,000 吨的“泰坦尼克”号与算得上一艘巨轮了。当时，这艘轮船不仅是造船史上建造的最大的一艘船，而且也被认为是不会沉没的。因为船由16个密封舱组成，即使有两个舱进水，仍可漂浮的水面上。然而，这艘巨轮首航就下沉，造成大批人员死亡。人们将永远记着这艘巨轮的沉没惨剧。

“泰坦尼克”起航后的第4天，它正行驶在北大西洋冰冷的海面上。突然，了望员发现一座冰山。警报响过不久，巨轮急转弯，以避免与冰山正面相撞。“泰坦尼克”这个弯拐得及时，紧贴着高出海面100英尺的巨大的冰墙擦过去。突然，从船舱下部传来一声微颤音，船长走下船舱去查看究竟。由于这个声音非常轻，没人会想到船身已遭损坏。在下面，船长惊恐的地发现“泰坦尼克”号正在急速下沉，16个密封舱已有5个进水。于是，他发出弃船的命令，几百人跳进了冰冷刺骨的海水里。由于没有足够的救生艇运载所有乘客，结果，1,500 人丧生。

New words and expressions 生词和短语

Southampton

n. 南安普敦（英国港市）

colossal

adj. 庞大的

watertight

adj. 不漏水的

compartment

n. （轮船的）密封舱

flood

v. 充满水

float

v. 漂浮，飘浮

tragic

adj. 悲惨的

liner

n. 班船

voyage

n. 航行

iceberg

n. 冰山

lookout

n. 了望员

collision

n. 碰撞

narrowly

adv. 刚刚，勉强地

miss

v. 避开

slight

adj. 轻微的

tremble

v. 震颤

faint

adj. 微弱的

horror

n. 恐惧

abandon

v. 抛弃

plunge

v. 投入，跳入

lifeboat

n. 救生船

Notes on the text课文注释

1 sail for,驶往……。

2 even by modern standards，即使依照现代标准来衡量。

by作‘’依照”、“按照”讲。

3 regarded as unsinkable，被认为是不会沉没的。regard ...as...当“把...当作...”讲·

4 she went down on her first voyage with heavy loss of life，她首航就下沉造成大批人员死亡。go down是“下沉”的意思。

5 narrowly missing，勉强避开。

6 Below, the captain realized to his horror，在下面，船长惊恐地发现.below是个副词。

Lesson 10 课后练习和答案Exercises and Answer

篇5：新概念英语第三册第14课:A noble gangster

Lesson 14 A noble gangster贵族歹徒

Listen to the tape then answer the question below.

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

How did Haywood make in times of peace?

There was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection.' If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.

Six hundred years ago, Sir Johan Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a pictured with as dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue.'

参考译文

曾经有一个时期,芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取”保护“。如果交款不及时,歹徒们就会很快捣毁他的商店,让他破产.榨取”保护金“并不是一种现代的罪恶行径.早在14世纪,英国人约翰.霍克伍德就有过非凡的发现:”人们情愿拿出大笔的钱,也不愿毕生的心血毁于歹徒之手.

6前,约翰.霍克伍德爵士带着一队士兵来到意大利,在佛罗伦萨附近驻扎下来,很快就出了名.意大利人叫他乔凡尼.阿库托.每次意大利各城邦之间打伏,霍克伍德把他的士兵雇佣给愿给他出高价的君主。和平时期,当生意萧条时,霍克伍德便带领士兵进入某个城邦,纵火烧毁一两个农场,然后提出,如向他们缴纳保护金,他们便主动撤离。霍克伍德用这种方法挣了大笔钱.尽管如此,意大利人还是把他视作某种英雄。他80岁那年死去时,佛罗伦萨人为他举行了国葬,并为他画像以纪念这位“骁勇无比的战士、杰出的领袖乔凡尼.阿库托先生.”

New words and expressions 生词和短语

gangster

n. 歹徒,强盗

Chicago

n. 芝加哥(美国城市)

protection

n. 保护

promptly

adv. 准时地

destroy

v. 毁掉;消灭

remarkable