英语专四写作句型(精选6篇)由网友“借你心跳一用”投稿提供,下面是小编帮大家整理后的英语专四写作句型,希望对大家有所帮助。
篇1:英语专四写作句型
一、表示赞同
As far as I see it, it is natural that..., and it is also understandable that... 就我个人看来,很正常,而且也可以理解。 I think it is universally acknowledged that... 我认为是被广泛承认的。
In brief, it is apparent that... is a more sensible choice to... 总之,很明显,对来说,是一个明智的选择。
二、表示反对
Nevertheless, upon careful consideration, it is not such a wise choice after all.
但是,仔细想想,这终究不是明智之选。 Ithink such behaviour is understandable but by no meansrecommendable.
我觉得这种做法可以理解,但不应该鼓励。
三、引出各方观点
While many advocate..., I believe it’s a better idea to... 虽然很多人提倡,但我相信是更好的主意。 A debate is therefore inevitably touched off.
一场辩论于是一触即发。
四、提出建议
In my opinion, there are three aspects to be improved so that... 在我看来,有三个方面需要提高,以便
It’s urgent that issues like this be openly discussed and... 这类问题需要公开讨论,并且,这是十分迫切的。
五、引用名人名言
As... rightly/aptly put it, “...” 正如恰当的说法一样:“”
There is a satirical saying in China which goes like this, ... 中国有这么一句充满讽刺的俗话:
六、举例说明 A case in point is... 一个典型的例子是
The recent incident happened in... proves... 最近发生在的事件证明 A simple example can be drawn from... 可以从得到一个简单的例子。
七、阐述原因
In my eyes, the causes of increasing... in China mainly lie in... 在我看来,增长的主要原因在于
One of the chief causes of today’s... is the fact that... 导致如今的主要原因之一就是这一事实。
八、指出现象或争议话题
As the number of... soars in China over the last decade, ... are finding it increasingly difficult to...
随着近十年来的飞速增长,发现越来越难。 Recently, ... have caused much controversy. 最近,引发了广泛的争议。
九、发出号召或警示
In conclusion, it takes the endeavor of both... and... to... 总之,需要和的努力来
So before one rushes to sign up for..., he should consider... 所以在急于参加之前,应该先考虑清楚。
十、作出一分为二的辩证总结
Despite the concern that..., I am convinced that... 尽管存在的担忧,但我相信
Although talking about... might seem unacceptable, we have to acknowledge that...
尽管谈到或许显得不能接受,我们必须承认
十一、强调重要性
... should never be underestimated. 绝不能低估
Not only does it symbolize..., but also acts as... 它不仅象征着,而且还作为
十二、指出某事物的积极作用
Serving as a..., ... helps... to better realize... 作为,有助于更好地去认知 I think it is a win-win strategy that benefits both... and... 我认为,这是一个双赢的策略,对和都有利。
十三、指出某事物的消极后果
To begin with, ... usually feed on..., which exerts a negative influence on...
首先,多数是以噱头,这对会产生负面影响。 To sum up, ... may seem a convenient option at the first sight, but it may cause problems if...
总之,乍看是很方便的选择,但如果,就会产生许多问题。
十四、表示对比
Without doubt, ... will be more likely to lead us to success than... 毫无疑问,比更可能把我们带上成功之路。 Weighing the pros and cons, it’s better to... instead of... 权衡利弊,最适宜的方法应当是而不是
十五、作出总结
It is hence not difficult to see that... 因此不难看出
From what have been discussed above, it can be concluded that... 综上所述,可以得出结论:
十六、论证之后进行小结
This story vividly echoes ...’s quotation―... 这个故事巧妙地呼应了的名言―― The... is a hard evidence to demonstrate that... 是一个确凿的证据,表明
十七、表示有条件的赞同或反对
In this case, I think... should be encouraged to... if time permits, because
it can benefit them a lot.
在这种情况下,如果时间允许,应该鼓励去做,因为这对他们大有益处。
It’s thus my belief that... should never be sacrificed to make way for... 因此,我认为我们不应当牺牲来实现
延伸阅读:常用英语谚语
1.Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧.
2.Easier said than done.说起来容易做起来难.
3.Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成.
4.Look before you leap.三思而后行.
5.Rome was not built in a day.伟业非一日之功.
6.It's not the gay coat that makes the gentleman.君子在德不在衣.
7.Do as Romans do in Rome.入乡随俗.
8.An idle youth,a needy age.少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲.
篇2:英语专八写作经典句型
用于驳斥的比较的常用句型1
1. In general, I don’t agree with...
2. In my opinion, this point of view doesn’t hold water.
3. The chief reason why..., is that...
4. There is no doubt that...
5. It is not true that...
6. It can be easily denied that...
7. We have no reason to believe that...
8. What is more serious is that...
9. But it is a pity that...
10. Besides, we should not neglect that...
11. But the problem is not so simple. Therefore....
12. Others may find this to be true, but I believe that...
用于驳斥的比较的常用句型2
1. Perhaps I will question why...
2. There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to...
3. Though we are in basic agreement with..., but...
4. What seems to be the trouble is...
5. Yet differences will be found,that’s why I feel that...
6. It would be reasonable to take the view that...,but it would be foolish to claim that...
7. There is in fact no reason for us to believe that...
8. What these people fail to consider is that...
9. It is one thing to insist that...,it is quite another to show that...
10. Wonderful as A is, however,it has its own disadvantages too.
11. The advantages of B are much greater than A.
12. As advantage sounds ridiculous when B,s advantages are taken into consideration.
用于描写图表和数据的常用句型
1. It has increased by three times as compared with that of .
2. There is an increase of 20% in total this year.
3. It has been increased by a factor of 4 since 1995.
4. It would be expected to increase 5 times.
5. The table shows a three times increase over that of last year.
6. It was decreased twice than that of the year .
7. The total number was lowered by 10%.
8. It rose from 10 -15 percent of the total this year.
9. Compared with ,it fell from 15 to 10 percent.
10. The number is 5 times as much as that of 1995.
11. It has decreased almost two and half times, compared with...
篇3:英语专四作文短语句型
41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…
43. 可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
44. 宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
45. 因特网 the Internet (一定要有冠词,字母I 大写)
46. 方便快捷 convenient and efficient
47. 在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
48. 环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly
49. 社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
50. 科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51. 对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
52. 支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion
53. 有/提供如下理由/证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54. 在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
56. …必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…
57. 日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
58. 眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
59. 长远利益 interest in the long run
60. …有其自身的优缺点… has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61. 扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62. 取其精髓,取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs.
63. 对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
64. 交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
65. 跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …
66. 采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth
67. …的健康发展 the healthy development of …
68. 有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides. / No garden without weeds.
69. 对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。
70. 重视 attach great importance to…
71. 社会地位 social status
72. 把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…
73. 扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
74. 身心两方面 both physically and mentally
75. 有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…
76. 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
77. 可以取代“think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion / belief that
78. 缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress / burden
79. 优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth.
80. 与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
81. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。
82. 代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
83. 经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
84. 提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
85. 社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress
86. 毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…
87. 增进相互了解 enhance / promote mutual understanding
88. 充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of
篇4:英语专四作文短语句型
英语专四考试中作文是重头戏,平时多积累实用短语句型对考生们在考试中有连接上下文或润色的作用,CN人才网在线专四频道整理了英语专四作文实用短语句型供考生们参考。
1. 经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
2. 人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard
3. 先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4. 面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5. 人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…
6. 社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
7. 引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
8. 不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…
9. 热烈的讨论/争论 a heated discussion/ debate
10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue
11. 完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
12. 一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others…
13. 就我而言/就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
14. 就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…
15. 有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
16. 双方的论点 argument on both sides
17. 发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
18. 对…必不可少 be indispensable to …
19. 正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes…
20. …也不例外… be no exception
21. 对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…
22. 利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
23. 导致,引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24. 复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25. 责任感/ 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
28. 学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29. 经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30. 考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective
32. 做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33. 对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…
34. 为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
35. 打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…
36. 综合素质 comprehensive quality
37. 无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach
38. 我深信 I am deeply entrenched in the belief that
39. 致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…
40. 应当承认 Admittedly,
41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty
42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…
43. 可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information
44. 宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources
45. 因特网 the Internet (一定要有冠词,字母I 大写)
46. 方便快捷 convenient and efficient
47. 在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life
48. 环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly
49. 社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress
50. 科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology
51. 对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue
52. 支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in favor of the former/ latter opinion
53. 有/提供如下理由/证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence
54. 在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way
55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice
56. …必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…
57. 日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition
58. 眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest
59. 长远利益 interest in the long run
60. …有其自身的优缺点… has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages
61. 扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones
62. 取其精髓,取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs.
63. 对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to
64. 交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information
65. 跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …
66. 采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth
67. …的健康发展 the healthy development of …
68. 有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides. / No garden without weeds.
69. 对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。
70. 重视 attach great importance to…
71. 社会地位 social status
72. 把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…
73. 扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge
74. 身心两方面 both physically and mentally
75. 有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…
76. 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal
77. 可以取代“think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion / belief that
78. 缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress / burden
79. 优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth.
80. 与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with
81. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。
82. 代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of
83. 经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water
84. 提供就业机会 offer job opportunities
85. 社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress
篇5:英语专四作文短语句型
英语专四考试中作文是重头戏,平时多积累实用短语句型对考生们在考试中有连接上下文或润色的作用,中国人才网整理了2016英语专四作文实用短语句型供考生们参考。
1. 经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy
2. 人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长 the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard
3. 先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology
4. 面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges
5. 人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…
6. 社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development
7. 引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention
8. 不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…
9. 热烈的讨论/争论 a heated discussion/ debate
10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue
11. 完全不同的观点 a totally different argument
12. 一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others…
13. 就我而言/就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,
14. 就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…
15. 有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons
16. 双方的论点 argument on both sides
17. 发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…
18. 对…必不可少 be indispensable to …
19. 正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes…
20. …也不例外… be no exception
21. 对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…
22. 利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。
23. 导致,引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in
24. 复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon
25. 责任感/ 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement
26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation
27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision
28. 学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills
29. 经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden
30. 考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration
31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective
32. 做出共同努力 make joint efforts
33. 对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…
34. 为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society
35. 打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…
36. 综合素质 comprehensive quality
37. 无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach
38. 我深信 I am deeply entrenched in the belief that
39. 致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…
40. 应当承认 Admittedly,
篇6:英语专四写作便条
1.邀请便条:
①发出邀请
发出邀请a
April 20, 2008
Dear Fiona,
I am going to hold a dinner party with several other friends of ours. The party will be held in Room 6 of Lijing Hotel at 5:00 p.m. today, I sincerely hope you can attend and we will have a very happy time together. Please let me know whether you can make it.
Yours,
Amelia
发出邀请b
April 20, 2008
Dear Fiona,
Here is a piece of good news for you. The * will give a performance in the * tomorrow evening. I am sure that you will be happy to watch it .The performance will begin at seven o’clock sharp. I will wait for you at the theater entrance. Please let me know whether you can make it at your earliest convenience.
发出邀请c
April 20, 2008
Dear Professor Zhou,
I am Amelia from class 052; I need you to give me some suggestion on my project. If it doesn’t trouble you too much, shall we have a meet at your office tomorrow? Time is up to you.
Respectful yours,
Amelia
发出邀请d(通知)
April 20, 2008
Dear girls and boys in Class 0403,
This Saturday evening, from 7 p.m. to 9 p. m., at Singeing dining hall, there will be a ball held by Class 0301. We warmly invite you to take part in it. There you can enjoy yourselves with dance, music and various games. And we’ll have a chance of communication, which will enhance the friendship between us. Come and enjoy ourselves together.
Yours, Mike
Monitor of Class 0301
②接受邀请
April 20, 2008
Dear Amelia,
It’s so kind of you to invite me to the dinner party, I would like to come. I will go to the place right after I finish my work at about 5 p.m. this evening. (如果是办在家里:I shall be very happy to call at your house right after I finish my work at 6:30 this evening.) Thank you again for your wonderful hospitality and I am looking forward to seeing you soon.
Yours,
Fiona
③拒绝邀请
April 20, 2008
Dear Amelia,
It’s so kind of you to invite me to the dinner party, I would like to but I have a meeting to attend this evening, please give my best regards to them all and I hope my absence will not cause you any serious inconvenience, have fun.
Yours, Amelia
2.请假条
April 20, 2008
Dear Ms. Jiang,
I am terribly sorry that I shall be unable to attend this morning two periods of English Class (I‘m terribly sorry to apply for ten days’ leave from the Aug. 23rd to Sep. 3rd)due to a bad cold and high fever. I will show you the certificate from the doctor to support my application. I will go back to school as soon as I recover.(I promise I will do my best to catch the missed lessons on after I come back.)Wish for your allowance.
Yours respectfully, Amelia
3.请求便条
a.讲清事情的因由(为什么请求) b.请求行为
c.请求实现方式 d.致谢
套句:
请求帮助: Would you do me a favor? Would you be so kind as to…?/ Could I trouble you to send this book for me?/ If it is not too troublesome, could you…?/ I hope this request will not trouble you too much.
范文:
April 20,2008
Dear Professor Hu,
I am very happy to have the chance to listen to your lecture on “American Literature”. But it is a pity that I was late that day due to an accident on my way to the lecture and failed to get the handout. Your lecture is really instructive for my English study, so I wonder if you could kindly e-mail the handout to the address: zhang123@yahoo.com.cn .Heartfelt thanks.
Respectfully yours,
Amelia
4.抱怨投诉便条(关键词complain, dissatisfaction)
a.抱怨投诉行为 b.投诉内容具体描述
c.要求弥补纠正赔偿 d.抱怨投诉者对弥补纠正赔偿等的敦促或威胁
套句:
行为描述I’m writing to bring your attention to the problems I have had with … . Here’s the problem…
解决方式的要求:It would be very kind( considerate) of you to…address this problem soon. / take steps to rectify this situation soon. / turn it down a little?
敦促或威胁: Frankly, I really can’t put up with the situation any more. You must rectify the situation, or I will take it to the court. / If you can’t give me a satisfactory answer, I will complain it to the Consumer Association.
英文书信有正式与非正式之分,英文便条为非正式书信。
TEM4(英语专业四级考试)把写便条 (note~writing)列入必考项目之一,其目的是按照((高等院校英语专业英语教学大纲>)的要求,测试英语专业学生在基础阶段末用英语书面表达思想的能力。便条成绩在TEM4笔试成绩中虽只占10%,却如同一面镜子,能反映出学生英语书面交际的能力。有关英文便条写作,国内外学者多有论述 (可参见宁有权、刘永军,1999;王崇义,1995;杨俊峰,1997;Aired,Brusaw&Oliu,2000; Bates,1990)。学者们认为,便条是一种简短信函,多使用非正式语体,它的形式比一般书信简单。例如,写便条的人与收便条的人的地址、称呼中 “Dear'’一词、日期中的年份以及结尾套语(complimentary close,亦称结束语),都可以省去;便条正文篇幅可小至一、两句话。可是,~TEM4便条写作而言,并不完全像以上说的那样,它有一定的限制。 英语专业四级考试大纲EM4写便条的要求是,“根据提示写大约50-60~]的通知、便条、请贴等。要求格式正确,语言得体。” 英语专业四级考试大纲 的要求其实也给TEM4便条制定了评分标准。1TEIM4便条的评分往往从格式、内容、语言、字数这四方面来考虑。因此,要想写好TEM4便条,就必须掌握TEM4便条的基本要求,注意TEM4便条写作中常见的问题,以便对症下药,充分发挥自己的英文写作水平。一TEM4便条的基本要求
(一) 格式(format)正确TEM4便条的格式与普通英文书信格式基本相同。
具体来说,它应有日期(date)、称呼 (saluwfion)、正文(body)及结尾(ending),结尾包括结尾套语(complimentary close)和签名(signature)。1.日期指写便条的日期。英文便条与汉语便条的日期写的地方有别,前者的日期一般写在便条的右上角,偶尔也见写在便条的左上角,而后者的日期则写在便条的右下角,即写在签名的下面。英文日期与汉语日期的写法也有不同,汉语一般先写年,然后再写月、日,而英文则一般把年份写在月、日的后面。另外,英文日期的月、日与年之间通常用逗号隔开。例如,2008年4月21日通常写成April 21,2008或April 21 st,2008;当然,由于是非正式书信,也可以去掉年份,写成Ap l 2l或April 21st(不过,这种写法,只是最近两年才被TEM4接受),或者写成21/4/2008或4/21/2008。日期能说明便条的有效度,没有日期,则会使人感到茫然。2.称呼称呼是指写便条人对收便条人的称谓,一般都以Dear开头,写在日期下一两行、留出左页边空白,顶格写。TEM4试卷中一般对写便条人与收便条人之间的关系作了提示。提示中的“you”指的是写便条人,提到的另一方便是收便条人。称呼时,一般只需在其名字前加Dear即可,如 Dear Susan,Dear Tom。若此人有头衔(social title),称呼时,便要保留其头衔,例如Dr.Herce,要称Dear Dr.Pierce,不称Dear Pierce。如果提示中的另一方是以Mrs Wang或Mr Wang出现,称呼时也只需在其前加Dear便可,即称DearMrs Wang或Dear MrWang,若只称Dear Wang则视为不妥。当对方为亲属时,在Dear 后面加上表示亲属关系大写的字眼即可,如Dear Grandpa,Dear Aunt。值得一提的是,近年来TEM4也接受不带Dear的称呼。称呼后面可用逗号,也可用冒号。3.正文www.freetem4tem8.cn正文是写便条人要叙述或谈论的事情,是便条的主要组成部分。一般书信是在称呼下方隔两行处开始写正文。但就TEM4便条而言,一般在称呼的下一行开始写正文便可。正文的首行左边一般留约5个字母宽的'空白,但也可顶格写。便条的内容简单、字数少,因此,正文一般只需写一段或两段。若有两段,第二段的首行应与第一段的首行对齐写。4.结尾如前所述,结尾包括结尾套语和签名。
(1)结尾套语结尾套语的位置一般是在正文最后一行的下面,从便条的中央部分开始,稍向右缩进。当然,若正文的开头是往左顶格写,此时的结尾套语也应往左顶格写。开头字母要大写,末尾要用逗号。结尾套语为写便条人对收便条人的谦称或客套以示礼貌,措辞的变化按照不同的关系而定。现分述如下:① 致不熟悉的人,宜用较庄重的套语,如Yours sincerely,Sincerely yours,或Sincerely等。② 对上级、长者,除了可用上述较庄重的套语,也可用Yours respectfully或Respectfully yours。③ 对一般朋友或熟人可用①中提到的较庄重的套语语,也可用Yours等较为随便的套语。④ 对密友则采用较随便的套语为宜。例如,Yours,Love,With love,Best wishes,Best regards等等。⑤ 对亲属可用下列任何一种:Love,With love,All my love,Yours affectionately,Affectionately yours,Lovingly yours,Yours lovingly,Your loving son(Dad?);但对亲人,不宜用Sincerely yours~由于TEM4便条写作一般是针对考生日常生活或学习相关的事情,写作的对象一般是其朋友、老师、熟人,因此,TEM4通常只接受Yours sincerely,Sincerely yours,Sincerely,或Yours这几种结尾套语。(2)签名即写便条人署名,位于结尾套语下,偏右。若结尾套语是往左顶格写,这时的署名也应往左顶格写。签名也由写便条人和收便条人的关系和亲疏程度而定。有时TEM4指定了写便条人的名字,签名时应采用那个名字。若无指定名字,考生也不宜用自己的真名。一般只需写名不写姓,但若用了较庄重的结尾套语,此时可签全名。
(二)内容完整一般而言,一封理想的TEM4便条应包括以下三点:(1)写便条的原因;(2)要告诉的事情;(3)有关的希望、建议或要求等。便条写作提示的情况都是与人们日常生活或学习相关的事情。例如,对别人提供的帮助表示感谢,邀请朋友参观书展,因不能准时赴约而表示道歉,把信息转告给朋友等。所提示的内容就是考生要表达的思想内容。思想内容有先后之分,要讲究其逻辑性,还得注意其完整性。生活中有些约定俗成的东西,写作时,应考虑这方面的因素。例如,写道歉信时,一般都先向对方表示歉意或内疚,同时说明发生疏忽、过失、或错误的原因,提出弥补的办法,这样有利于取得对方的谅解。现以近年一次英语专业四级考试便条写作为例加以说明:该提示是:Yesterday you failed to turn up for the appointment with your teacher,Professor Wang.Write him a note of apology and make a request for another meeting.YO u should also suggest the time for the requested meting.仔细阅读这一提示,你就会发现,第一句为第二旬所要求的道歉确定了内容;为了求得对方的谅解,获得另一次会面的机会,你就必须说明前次未能赴约见面的原因。因此,本便条的内容必须包括以下四项:
(1)apologizing for failure to turn up for the appointment,
(2)the reason for failure to turn up,
(3)making a request for another meeting,
(4)suggesting the time for the requested meeting。其中(3)、(4)为提示中明确要求表达的内容,(1)、(2)则是根据道歉类书信特点而必须表达的内容。内容为便条写作的重头戏。写作时,切莫忽视提示中的任何信息,同时要关注交际中所需的相关信息。当然,在注意提示中的信息时,特别是首句,要注意用自己正确的语言来表达,不能完全抄提示,否则会扣分。
(三)语言得体内容和语言是一个统一体。内容抓住后,应以恰当的语言来表达。一般来说,便条的语言要简单明嘹,用词平易。当然,语言风格还应与情景一致,不同的对象,所使用的语言应有所不同。相对来说,对上级、长者、不熟悉的人的语言较为正式,对亲朋好友的语言则较为随便。不过,不管对方是谁,行文中都应体现态度诚恳礼貌。
(四)字数符合要求TEM4便条总字数(包括日期、称呼、结尾在内)的要求是约50—60个字。尽管在这数字之间还可以少l0字,或多20字,即40-80字,不过,还是篇幅适中为好,以免因显得太短或太长而扣分。二TEM4便条写作中常见的问题便条写作中常见的问题主要表现在格式、内容、语言等方面。
(一)格式方面1.日期部分往往被漏掉,或漏掉日期中年与月、日之间的逗号,或在日期后面加点,或按汉语的顺序写成(如2006年4月22日,写成April 22 2006;April 22,2006.;2006.5.9;其正确形式请参照前文的相应部分),或按汉语习惯把它写在签名的下面。2.称呼未往左顶格写,或与日期同写一行;称呼后面打句号,或未打逗号或冒号。把结尾套语和签名同写一行,或漏写结尾套语,或漏掉结尾套语后面的逗号。
(二)内容方面便条的内容虽简单,但漏掉必须表达的内容的情况时有发生。例如,在前文提到的那次TEM4便条写作,考生对未赴约的原因应加以说明,可不少考生只写了如下相似内容的便条:I am very sorry for missing yesterday’s appointment,so I do hope we can mak ean other one.Sunday evening is convenient for me.W hat about you?内容方面还因理解不透,或自立标准而导致交际不成功的情况也不鲜见。还是以前文提到的那次TEM4便条写作为例,评分取样的九份答卷中就有三份类似的例子。其中一份这样写道,“I’m very glad to receive your note.About our appointment I think we can change an other time.Maybe tomorrow,1 will be fre an d stay at home all day.Ifyouarealsofreetomorrow ,you can call me at anytime.Then 1 will visit you?”该提示要写一封简短的道歉信,而这位考生的答案却与此大相径庭,信中丝毫没有流露出道歉的意念。
(三)语言方面便条中的语言错误可分为理解和表达两大类,主要体现在措辞、语法、拼写等方面。
1.措辞不当措辞不当在这里既指一般遣词造句中出现的语言运用错误 (performance erors),又指因未按TEM4便条测试中提供的语境遣词造句而产生的语用失误(pragmatic failures),还指因忽视对方的社会或文化背景差异而造成的语用失误。此类问题在TEM4便条写作中相当严重。我们还是以前文提到的那次TEM4便条写作为例;鉴于篇幅,且举三例:(1) 在1 would appreciate you if you could have another meeting with me这句话中,appreciate后面的宾语不妥。只要细心的读者翻阅一下词典,就会发现appreciate(感谢)的英文释义是be grateful for(something),若把句中的you改为it(代表后面那件事),或把appreciate改为be grateful to,或把appreciate you改为be grateful,这句话就对了。(2)考生在便条的开头就对因病未能与王教授约会表示道歉后,接着写道:I'm anxious to make an appointment with you.而根据上下文应该是,I'm anxious to make another appointment with you(??与你另订一次约会)。(3)你(写便条人)自己因某种原因而没去赴约,况且约会的对象是你的老师,事后还要命令对方到你家来见你,或以命令的 IZl吻表示要给你打电话。象“You must come to my home”,或‘'Give me a call to discuss it further'’这类话有失礼貌,使人读后感到不舒服。
2.语法错误便条中的语法错误有多种,常见的有冠词、词性、动词的时与体、句子结构等错误。(1)冠词错误,如I'm anxious to make a(应为an)appointment with you.(2)词性错误,如I must make an apologize(正确为apology)for failing to turn up for the appointment.(3)动词的时与体等方面的错误,例如:a.If you will be(应把will be改为are)free tomorrow, we shall meet again.b.I am sorry to fail(正确为to have failed而不是tofall,因事情已发生)to turn up for the appointment yesterday.(4)句子结构错误,例如:I'm very sorry.I didn’t turn up for the appointment with you. Because my mother was seriously ill yesterday and I had to take her to see the doctor(应改为I'm very sorry I didn’t turn up for the appointment with you yesterday because my mother was seriously ill and I had to take her to see the doctor).
3.拼写错误与别的主观题一样,便条写作中拼写错误数见不鲜。例如:professor---,profesor/profesor;convenient-* conveint/convinen~convinient; recejve—} recieve; appointment ---~apointment/pointment.
★ 英语专四心得体会
★ 英语专业四级考试
★ 四级考试作文
★ 日语专四作文
★ 四级考试的作文
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