ted演讲稿中英对照

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篇1：ted演讲稿

TED: 怎样从错误中学习

Diana Laugenberg: How to learn From mistakes

讲者分享了其多年从教中所认识到的一从错误中学习的观念“允许孩子失败，把失败视为学习的一部分”，以及从教育实践中学到的三件事：“1.体验学习的过程 2.倾听学生的声音 3.接纳错误的失败。”

TED演讲文本：

0:15

I have been teaching for a long time, and in doing so have acquired a body of knowledge aboutkids and learning that I really wish more people would understand about the potential ofstudents. In 1931, my grandmother -- bottom left for you guys over here -- graduated from theeighth grade. She went to school to get the information because that's where the informationlived. It was in the books; it was inside the teacher's head; and she needed to go there to getthe information, because that's how you learned. Fast-forward a generation: this is the one-roomschoolhouse, Oak Grove, where my father went to a one-room schoolhouse. And he again hadto travel to the school to get the information from the teacher, stored it in the only portablememory he has, which is inside his own head, and take it with him, because that is howinformation was being transported from teacher to student and then used in the world. When Iwas a kid, we had a set of encyclopedias at my house. It was purchased the year I was born,and it was extraordinary, because I did not have to wait to go to the library to get to theinformation. The information was inside my house and it was awesome. This was different thaneither generation had experienced before, and it changed the way I interacted with informationeven at just a small level. But the information was closer to me. I could get access to it.

1:34

In the time that passes between when I was a kid in high school and when I started teaching,we really see the advent of the Internet. Right about the time that the Internet gets going as aneducational tool, I take off from Wisconsin and move to Kansas, small town Kansas, where Ihad an opportunity to teach in a lovely, small-town, rural Kansas school district, where I wasteaching my favorite subject, American government. My first year -- super gung-ho -- going toteach American government, loved the political system. Kids in the 12th grade: not exactly allthat enthusiastic about the American government system. Year two: learned a few things -- hadto change my tactic. And I put in front of them an authentic experience that allowed them tolearn for themselves. I didn't tell them what to do or how to do it. I posed a problem in front ofthem, which was to put on an election forum for their own community.

2:27

They produced flyers. They called offices. They checked schedules. They were meeting withsecretaries. They produced an election forum booklet for the entire town to learn more abouttheir candidates. They invited everyone into the school for an evening of conversation aboutgovernment and politics and whether or not the streets were done well, and really had thisrobust experiential learning. The older teachers -- more experienced -- looked at me and went,

“Oh, there she is. That's so cute. She's trying to get that done.” (Laughter)

“She doesn't knowwhat she's in for.” But I knew that the kids would show up, and I believed it, and I told themevery week what I expected out of them. And that night, all 90 kids -- dressed appropriately,doing their job, owning it. I had to just sit and watch. It was theirs. It was experiential. It wasauthentic. It meant something to them. And they will step up.

3:17

From Kansas, I moved on to lovely Arizona, where I taught in Flagstaff for a number of years,this time with middle school students. Luckily, I didn't have to teach them American government.Could teach them the more exciting topic of geography. Again,

“thrilled” to learn. But what wasinteresting about this position I found myself in in Arizona, was I had this really extraordinarilyeclectic group of kids to work with in a truly public school, and we got to have these momentswhere we would get these opportunities. And one opportunity was we got to go and meet PaulRusesabagina, which is the gentleman that the movie “Hotel Rwanda” is based after. And hewas going to speak at the high school next door to us. We could walk there. We didn't evenhave to pay for the buses. There was no expense cost. Perfect field trip.

4:04

The problem then becomes how do you take seventh- and eighth-graders to a talk aboutgenocide and deal with the subject in a way that is responsible and respectful, and they knowwhat to do with it. And so we chose to look at Paul Rusesabagina as an example of a gentlemanwho singularly used his life to do something positive. I then challenged the kids to identifysomeone in their own life, or in their own story, or in their own world, that they could identify thathad done a similar thing. I asked them to produce a little movie about it. It's the first time we'ddone this. Nobody really knew how to make these little movies on the computer, but they wereinto it. And I asked them to put their own voice over it. It was the most awesome moment ofrevelation that when you ask kids to use their own voice and ask them to speak for themselves,what they're willing to share. The last question of the assignment is: how do you plan to useyour life to positively impact other peopleThe things that kids will say when you ask them andtake the time to listen is extraordinary.

5:05

Fast-forward to Pennsylvania, where I find myself today. I teach at the Science LeadershipAcademy, which is a partnership school between the Franklin Institute and the school district ofPhiladelphia. We are a nine through 12 public school, but we do school quite differently. I movedthere primarily to be part of a learning environment that validated the way that I knew that kidslearned, and that really wanted to investigate what was possible when you are willing to let go ofsome of the paradigms of the past, of information scarcity when my grandmother was in schooland when my father was in school and even when I was in school, and to a moment when wehave information surplus. So what do you do when the information is all around youWhy doyou have kids come to school if they no longer have to come there to get the information

5:51

In Philadelphia we have a one-to-one laptop program, so the kids are bringing in laptops withthem everyday, taking them home, getting access to information. And here's the thing that youneed to get comfortable with when you've given the tool to acquire information to students, isthat you have to be comfortable with this idea of allowing kids to fail as part of the learningprocess. We deal right now in the educational landscape with an infatuation with the culture ofone right answer that can be properly bubbled on the average multiple choice test, and I amhere to share with you: it is not learning. That is the absolute wrong thing to ask, to tell kids tonever be wrong. To ask them to always have the right answer doesn't allow them to learn. Sowe did this project, and this is one of the artifacts of the project. I almost never show them offbecause of the issue of the idea of failure.

6:45

My students produced these info-graphics as a result of a unit that we decided to do at the endof the year responding to the oil spill. I asked them to take the examples that we were seeing ofthe info-graphics that existed in a lot of mass media, and take a look at what were theinteresting components of it, and produce one for themselves of a different man-made disasterfrom American history. And they had certain criteria to do it. They were a little uncomfortablewith it, because we'd never done this before, and they didn't know exactly how to do it. Theycan talk -- they're very smooth, and they can write very, very well, but asking them tocommunicate ideas in a different way was a little uncomfortable for them. But I gave them theroom to just do the thing. Go create. Go figure it out. Let's see what we can do. And thestudent that persistently turns out the best visual product did not disappoint. This was done inlike two or three days. And this is the work of the student that consistently did it.

7:39

And when I sat the students down, I said, “Who's got the best one” And they immediatelywent, “There it is.” Didn't read anything. “There it is.” And I said,

“Well what makes it great”And they're like,

“Oh, the design's good, and he's using good color. And there's some ...

” Andthey went through all that we processed out loud. And I said, “Go read it.” And they're like, “Oh,that one wasn't so awesome.” And then we went to another one -- it didn't have great visuals,but it had great information -- and spent an hour talking about the learning process, because itwasn't about whether or not it was perfect, or whether or not it was what I could create. Itasked them to create for themselves, and it allowed them to fail, process, learn from. And whenwe do another round of this in my class this year, they will do better this time, because learninghas to include an amount of failure, because failure is instructional in the process.

8:29

There are a million pictures that I could click through here, and had to choose carefully -- this isone of my favorites -- of students learning, of what learning can look like in a landscape wherewe let

go of the idea that kids have to come to school to get the information, but instead, askthem what they can do with it. Ask them really interesting questions. They will not disappoint.Ask them to go to places, to see things for themselves, to actually experience the learning, toplay, to inquire. This is one of my favorite photos, because this was taken on Tuesday, when Iasked the students to go to the polls. This is Robbie, and this was his first day of voting, and hewanted to share that with everybody and do that. But this is learning too, because we askedthem to go out into real spaces.

9:20

The main point is that, if we continue to look at education as if it's about coming to school to getthe information and not about experiential learning, empowering student voice and embracingfailure, we're missing the mark. And everything that everybody is talking about today isn'tpossible if we keep having an educational system that does not value these qualities, becausewe won't get there with a standardized test, and we won't get there with a culture of one rightanswer. We know how to do this better, and it's time to do better.

0:15

我从事教师工作很长一段时间了， 而在我教书的过程当中 我学了很多关于孩子与学习的知识 我非常希望更多人可以了解 学生的潜能。 1931年,我的祖母 从你们那边看过来左下角那位-- 从八年级毕业。 她上学是去获取知识 因为在过去,那是知识存在的地方 知识在书本里,在老师的脑袋里， 而她需要专程到学校去获得这些知识， 因为那是当时学习的途径 快进过一代： 这是个只有一间教室的学校,Oak Grove， 我父亲就是在这间只有一个教室的学校就读。 而同样的,他不得不去上学 以从老师那儿取得知识， 然后将这些知识储存在他唯一的移动内存,那就是他自己的脑袋里， 然后将这些随身携带， 因为这是过去知识被传递的方式 从老师传给学生,接着在世界上使用。 当我还小的时候， 我们家里有一套百科全书。 从我一出生就买了这套书， 而那是非常了不起的事情， 因为我不需要等着去图书馆取得这些知识， 这些信息就在我的屋子里 而那真是太棒了。 这是 和过去相比,是非常不同的 这改变了我和信息互动的方式 即便改变的幅度很小。 但这些知识却离我更近了。 我可以随时获取它们。

1:34

在过去的这几年间 从我还在念高中 到我开始教书的时候， 我们真的亲眼目睹网络的发展。 就在网络开始 作为教学用的工具发展的时候， 我离开威斯康辛州 搬到勘萨斯州,一个叫勘萨斯的小镇 在那里我有机会 在一个小而美丽的勘萨斯的乡村学区 教书， 教我最喜欢的学科 “美国政府” 那是我教书的第一年,充满热情,准备教“美国政府” 我当时热爱教政治体系。 这些十二年级的孩子 对于美国政府体系 并不完全充满热情。 开始教书的第二年,我学到了一些事情,让我改变了教学方针。 我提供他们一个真实体验的机会 让他们可以自主学习。 我没有告诉他们得做什么,或是要怎么做。 我只是在他们面前提出一个问题， 要他们在自己的社区设立一个选举论坛。

2:27

他们散布传单,联络各个选举办公室， 他们和秘书排定行程， 他们设计了一本选举论坛手册 提供给全镇的镇民让他们更了解这些候选人。 他们邀请所有的人到学校 参与晚上的座谈 谈论政府和政治 还有镇里的每条街是不是都修建完善， 学生们真的得到强大的体验式学习。 学校里比较资深年长的老师 看着我说 “喔,看她,多天真呀,竟想试着这么做。” (大笑)

“她不知道她把自己陷入怎么样的局面” 但我知道孩子们会出席 而我真的这样相信。 每个礼拜我都对他们说我是如何期待他们的表现。 而那天晚上,全部九十个孩子 每个人的穿戴整齐,各司其职,完全掌握论坛 我只需要坐在一旁看着。 那是属于他们的夜晚,那是经验,那是实在的经验。 那对他们来说具有意义。 而他们将会更加努力。

3:17

离开堪萨斯后,我搬到美丽的亚利桑纳州， 我在Flagstaff小镇教了几年书， 这次是教初中的学生。 幸运的,我这次不用教美国政治。 这次我教的是更令人兴奋的地理。 再一次,非常期待的要学习。 但有趣的是 我发现在这个亚历桑纳州的教职 我所面对的 是一群非常多样化的,彼此之间差异悬殊的孩子们 在一所真正的公立学校。 在那里,有些时候,我们会得到了一些机会。 其中一个机会是 我们得以和Paul Russabagina见面， 这位先生 正是电影“卢安达饭店”根据描述的那位主人翁 他当时正要到隔壁的高中演讲 我们可以步行到那所学校,我们甚至不用坐公共汽车 完全不需要额外的支出,非常完美的校外教学

4:04

然后接着的问题是 你要怎么和七八年级的学生谈论种族屠杀 用怎么样的方式来处理这个问题 才是一种负责任和尊重的方式， 让学生们知道该怎么面对这个问题。 所以我们决定去观察PaulRusesabagina是怎么做的 把他当作一个例子 一个平凡人如何利用自己的生命做些积极的事情的例子。 接着,我挑战这些孩子,要他们去找出 在他们的.生命里,在他们自己的故事中,或是在他们自己的世界里， 找出那些他们认为也做过类似事情的人。 我要他们为这些人和事迹制作一部短片。 这是我们第一次尝试制作短片。 没有人真的知道如何利用电脑制作短片。 但他们非常投入,我要他们在片子里用自己的声音。 那实在是最棒的启发方式 当你要孩子们用他们自己的声音 当你要他们为自己说话， 说那些他们愿意分享的故事。 这项作业的最后一个问题是 你打算怎么利用你自己的生命 去正面的影响其他人 孩子们说出来的那些话 在你询问他们后并花时间倾听那些话后 是非常了不起的。

5:05

快进到宾州,我现在住的地方。 我在科学领导学院教书， 它是富兰克林学院 和费城学区协同的合办的。 我们是一间9年级到级的公立高中， 但我们的教学方式很不一样。 我起初搬到那里 是为了亲身参与一个教学环境 一个可以证实我所理解孩子可以有效学习方式的方式， 一个愿意探索 所有可能性的教学环境 当你愿意放弃 一些过去的标准模式， 放弃我祖母和我父亲上学的那个年代 甚至是我自己念书的那个年代，因为信息的稀缺， 到一个我们正处于信息过剩的时代。 所以你该怎么处理那些环绕在四周的知识你为什么要孩子们来学校如果他们再也不需要特意到学校获得这些知识

5:51

在宾州,我们有一个人人有笔记本的项目， 所以这些孩子每天带着他们笔记本电脑， 带着电脑回家,随时学习知识。 有一件事你需要学着适应的是 当你给了学生工具 让他们可以自主取得知识， 你得适应一个想法 那就是允许孩子失败 把失败视为学习的一部分。 我们现在面对教育大环境 带着一种 迷恋单一解答的文化 一种靠选择题折优的文化， 而我在这里要告诉你们， 这不是学习。 这绝对是个错误 去要求孩子们永远不可以犯错。 要求他们永远都要有正确的解答 而不允许他们去学习。 所以我们实施了这个项目， 这就是这个项目中一件作品。 我几乎从来没有展示过这些 因为我们对于错误与失败的观念。

篇2：ted演讲稿

Why TED talks are better than the last speech you sat through

世上最好的演讲：TED演讲吸引人的秘密

Think about the last time you heard someone give a speech, or any formal presentation. Maybe it was so long that you were either overwhelmed with data, or you just tuned the speaker out. If PowerPoint was involved, each slide was probably loaded with at least 40 words or figures, and odds are that you don't remember more than a tiny bit of what they were supposed to show.

回想一下你上次聆听某人发表演讲或任何正式陈述的情形。它也许太长了，以至于你被各种数据搞得头昏脑胀，甚或干脆不理会演讲者。如果演讲者使用了PPT文档，那么每张幻灯片很可能塞入了至少40个单词或数字，但你现在或许只记得一丁点内容。

Pretty uninspiring, huhTalk Like TED: 9 Public-Speaking Secrets of The World's Best Mindsexamines why in prose that's as lively and appealing as, well, a TED talk. Timed to coincide with the 30th anniversary in March of those now-legendary TED conferences, the book draws on current brain science to explain what wins over, and fires up, an audience -- and what doesn't. Author Carmine Gallo also studied more than 500 of the most popular TED speeches (there have been about 1,500 so far) and interviewed scores of the people who gave them.

相当平淡，是吧？《像TED那样演讲：全球顶级人才九大演讲秘诀》(Talk Like TED: 9 Public-Speaking Secrets of The World's Best Minds)一书以流畅的文笔审视了为什么TED演讲如此生动，如此引人入胜。出版方有意安排在今年3月份发行此书，以庆贺如今已成为经典的TED大会成立30周年。这部著作借鉴当代脑科学解释了什么样的演讲能够说服听众、鼓舞听众，什么样的演讲无法产生这种效果。

Much of what he found out is surprising. Consider, for instance, the fact that each TED talk is limited to 18 minutes. That might sound too short to convey much. Yet TED curator Chris Anderson imposed the time limit, he told Gallo, because it's “long enough to be serious and short enough to hold people's attention ... By forcing speakers who are used to going on for 45 minutes to bring it down to 18, you get them to think about what they really want to say.” It's also the perfect length if you want your message to go viral, Anderson says.

他挖出了不少令人吃惊的演讲策略。例如，每场TED演讲都被限制在18分钟以内。听起来太过短暂，似乎无法传达足够多讯息。然而，TED大会策办人克里斯安德森决议推行这项时间限制规则，因为“这个时间长度足够庄重，同时又足够短，能够吸引人们的注意力。通过迫使那些习惯于滔滔不绝讲上45分钟的嘉宾把演讲时间压缩至18分钟，你就可以让他们认真思考他们真正想说的话，”他对加洛说。此外，安德森说，如果你希望你的讯息像病毒般扩散，这也是一个完美的时间长度。

Recent neuroscience shows why the time limit works so well: People listening to a presentation are storing data for retrieval in the future, and too much information leads to “cognitive overload,” which gives rise to elevated levels of anxiety -- meaning that, if you go on and on, your audience will start to resist you. Even worse, they won't recall a single point you were trying to make.

最近的神经科学研究说明了为什么这项时间限制产生如此好的效果：聆听陈述的人们往往会存储相关数据，以备未来检索之用，而太多的信息会导致“认知超负荷”，进而推升听众的焦虑度。它意味着，如果你说个没完没了，听众就会开始抗拒你。更糟糕的是，他们不会记得你努力希望传递的信息点，甚至可能一个都记不住。

“Albert Einstein once said, 'If you can't explain it simply, you don't understand it well enough,'

” Gallo writes, adding that the physicist would have applauded astronomer David Christian who, at TED in , narrated the complete history of the universe -- and Earth's place in it -- in 17 minutes and 40 seconds.

“爱因斯坦曾经说过，‘要是你不能言简意赅地解释某种理论，那就说明你自己都还没有理解透彻，’”加罗写道。他还举例说，物理学家或许会大加赞赏天文学家大卫克里斯蒂安在TED大会上发表的演讲。克里斯蒂安在这个演讲中完整地讲述了宇宙史及地球在宇宙的地位，整场演讲用时只有17分40秒。

Gallo offers some tips on how to boil a complex presentation down to 18 minutes or so, including what he calls the “rule of three,” or condensing a plethora of ideas into three main points, as many top TED talkers do. He also notes that, even if a speech just can't be squeezed down that far, the effort alone is bound to improve it: “Your presentation will be far more creative and impactful simply by going through the exercise.”

如何把一个复杂的陈述压缩至18分钟左右？加洛就这个问题提供了一些小建议，其中包括他所称的“三的法则”。具体说就是，把大量观点高度浓缩为三大要点。TED大会上的许多演讲高手就是这样做的。他还指出，即使一篇演讲无法提炼到这样的程度，单是这番努力也一定能改善演讲的效果：“仅仅通过这番提炼，你就可以大大增强陈述的创造性和影响力。”

Then there's PowerPoint. “TED represents the end of PowerPoint as we know it,” writes Gallo. He hastens to add that there's nothing wrong with PowerPoint as a tool, but that most speakers unwittingly make it work against them by cluttering up their slides with way too many words (40, on average) and numbers.

另一个建议与PPT文档有关。“TED大会象征着我们所知的PPT文档正走向终结，”加洛写道。他随后又马上补充说，作为工具的PowerPoint本身并没有什么错，但大多数演讲者为他们的幻灯片塞进了太多的单词（平均40个）和数字，让这种工具不经意间带来了消极影响。

The remedy for that, based on the most riveting TED talks: If you must use slides, fill them with a lot more images. Once again, research backs this up, with something academics call the Picture Superiority Effect: Three days after hearing or reading a set of facts, most people will remember about 10% of the information. Add a photo or a drawing, and recall jumps to 65%.

最吸引人的TED演讲为我们提供了一个补救策略：如果你必须使用幻灯片，务必记得要大量运用图像资源。这种做法同样有科学依据，它就是研究人员所称的“图优效应”(Picture Superiority Effect)：听到或读到一组事实三天后，大多数人会记得大约10%的信息。而添加一张照片或图片后，记忆率将跃升至65%。

One study, by molecular biologist John Medina at the University of Washington School of Medicine, found that not only could people recall more than 2,500 pictures with at least 90% accuracy several days later, but accuracy a whole year afterward was still at about 63%.

华盛顿大学医学院(University of Washington School of Medicine)分子生物学家约翰梅迪纳主持的研究发现，几天后，人们能够回想起超过2,500张图片，准确率至少达到90%；一年后的准确率依然保持在63%左右。

That result “demolishes” print and speech, both of which were tested on the same group of subjects, Medina's study indicated, which is something worth bearing in mind for anybody hoping that his or her ideas will be remembered.

梅迪纳的研究表明，这个结果“完胜”印刷品和演讲的记忆效果（由同一组受试者测试）。任何一位希望自己的思想被听众铭记在心的演讲者或许都应该记住这一点。

篇3：ted演讲稿

TED（指technology, entertainment, design在英语中的缩写，即技术、娱乐、设计）是美国的一家私有非营利机构，该机构以它组织的TED大会著称。TED诞生於1984年，其发起人是里查德·沃曼。

【TED01】Chris Anderson：谈科技的长尾理论-09-10

【TED02】Frederick Balagadde：谈微芯片上的生物实验室2013-09-11

【TED03】Jimmy Wales：关于维基百科诞生的演讲2013-09-12

【TED04】Gary Wolf：数据化的自我2013-09-13

【TED05】Peter Gabrie：用视频与不公平作斗争2013-09-14

【TED06】Derek Sivers：下定的目標可別告訴別人2013-09-15

【TED07】Seth Priebatsch：世界第一的遊戲社交圈2013-09-18

【TED08】Julian Treasure：保持聽力的八個步驟2013-09-19

【TED09】Mechai Viravaidya：保險套先生如何讓泰國變得更好2013-09-20

【TED10】Steven Johnson：偉大創新的誕生2013-09-21

【TED11】Ze Frank's：傑·法蘭克大玩網路2013-09-22

【TED12】Craig Vente：克萊格-溫特爾揭開合成生命的面紗2013-09-23

【TED13】Eric Mead：安慰劑魔法2013-09-24

【TED14】Lee Hotz：帶你走入南極的時光機中2013-09-25

【TED15】NicMarks：快樂星球指數2013-09-26

【TED16】Seth.Berkley：愛滋病病毒與流感.—.疫苗的策略2013-09-27

【TED17】Jessa Gamble：我们的自然睡眠周期2013-09-28

【TED18】StanleyMcChrystal：聆听,学习...才能领导2013-09-29

【TED19】Graham Hill：我為什麼要在上班日吃素2013-09-30

【TED20】Ken Robinson：推動學習革命2013-10-01

【TED21】Fabian Hemmert：未來手機的形狀變化2013-10-02

【TED22】弗兰斯·德瓦尔：动物中道德行为2013-10-03

【TED23】布莱恩·高德曼：我们能否谈论医生所犯的错误2013-10-04

【TED24】Sheryl WuDunn：本世紀最大的不公平2013-10-05

【TED25】Dan Cobley：物理教我有關行銷的事2013-10-08

【TED26】Carne Ross：獨立外交組織2013-10-09

【TED27】Kevin Stone：生物性關節置換的未來2013-10-10

【TED28】Matt Ridley：當腦中的概念交配起來2013-10-11

【TED29】Caroline Phillips：绞弦琴入门2013-10-14

【TED30】Dimitar Sasselov：發現數百顆類似地球的行星2013-10-15

【TED31】Jason Clay：知名品牌如何幫助拯救生物多樣性2013-10-16

【TED32】Chris Anderson：線上影片如何驅動創新2013-10-17

【TED33】Ellen Gustafson：肥胖.颻餓=全球糧食議題2013-10-18

【TED34】Tan Le：解讀腦電波的頭戴式耳機2013-10-19

【TED35】Rory Sutherland：思考角度决定一切2013-10-25

【TED36】Andy Puddicombe：只需专注10分钟2013-10-26

【TED37】Lisa Bu：书籍如何成为心灵解药2013-10-27

【TED38】Ramsey激发学习兴趣的3条黄金法则2013-10-28

【TED39】Marcel Dicke：我们为什么不食用昆虫呢？2013-10-29

【TED40】薛晓岚：轻松学习阅读汉字！2013-10-30

【TED41】马特·卡茨：尝试做新事情30天2013-10-31

【TED42】马特：想更幸福吗？留在那一刻2013-11-01

【TED43】贝基·布兰顿：我无家可归的一年2013-11-02

【TED44】凯瑟琳·舒尔茨：犯错的价值2013-11-03

【TED45】Stefan Sagmeister：休假的力量2013-11-04

【TED46】苏珊·凯恩：内向性格的力量2013-11-05

【TED47】Diana Laufenberg：怎样从错误中学习2013-11-06

【TED48】罗恩·古特曼：微笑背后隐藏的力量2013-11-07

【TED49】阿曼达·帕尔默：请求的艺术2013-11-08

【TED50】德雷克·西弗斯：如何发起一场运动2013-11-09

【TED51】坎迪·张：在死之前，我想......2013-11-10

【TED52】Kiran Bir Sethi：让小孩学会承担2013-11-11

【TED53】比班·基德龙：电影世界共通的奇迹2013-11-12

【TED54】提姆·哈福德：试验，排除错误和万能神力2013-11-13

【TED55】Alexander Tsiaras ：可视化记录婴儿受孕到出生2013-11-14

【TED56】Larry Smith：你为何不会成就伟业2013-11-15

【TED57】Keith Chen：你存钱的能力跟你用的语言有关？2013-11-16

【TED58】Cesar Kuriyama：每天一秒钟2013-11-17

【TED59】Michael Norton：如何买到幸福2013-11-18

【TED60】奈吉尔·马什：如何实现工作与生活的平衡2013-11-19

【TED61】罗兹·萨维奇：我为什么划船横渡太平洋2013-11-20

【TED62】Jay Walker：世界英语热2013-11-21

【TED63】帕特里夏·瑞安：不要固执于英语！2013-11-22

【TED64】皮柯·耶尔：家在何方？2013-11-23

【TED65】Charmian Gooch：认识世界级贪腐的幕后黑手2013-11-24

【TED66】Richard St. John：8个成功秘笈2013-11-25

【TED67】Judy MacDonald Johnston：为生命的终结做好准备2013-11-26

【TED68】Sherry Turkle：保持联系却仍旧孤单2013-11-27

【TED69】利普·辛巴杜：健康的时间观念2013-11-28

【TED70】David Pogue：十条黄金省时技巧小贴士2013-11-29

【TED71】Philip Zimbardo：男性的衰落？2013-12-01

【TED72】Rives 的凌晨4点2013-12-02

【TED73】Reggie Watts：用最有趣的方法让你晕头转向2013-12-03

【TED74】丹·丹尼特：我们的意识2013-12-04

【TED75】丹尼尔·科恩：为了更好地辩论2013-12-05

【TED76】迈克尔·桑德尔：失落了的民主辩论艺术2013-12-06

【TED77】Hadyn Parry：通过基因重组用蚊子抗击疾病2013-12-07

【TED78】Hannah Brencher：给陌生人的情信2013-12-08

【TED79】Ivan Krastev：没有信任，民主能继续存在么？2013-12-09

【TED80】Arianna Huffington：睡眠促进成功2013-12-10

【TED81】尼克·博斯特罗姆：我们的大问题2013-12-11

【TED82】Dan Barber：我如何爱上一条鱼2013-12-12

【TED83】Miguel Nicolelis：一只猴子用意念控制一个机器人2013-12-13

【TED84】Kakenya Ntaiya：一位要求学校教育的女孩2013-12-14

【TED85】Kevin Breel：一个抑郁喜剧演员的自白2013-12-15

【TED86】莱斯莉·黑索顿：怀疑乃信仰之关键2013-12-16

【TED87】比尔迪曼：我的多调人声2013-12-17

【TED88】布莱恩·格林恩：谈“弦理论”2013-12-18

【TED89】Jacqueline Novogratz：过一种沉浸的人生2013-12-19

【TED90】Ben Dunlap：谈对人生的热情2013-12-20

【TED91】博妮·柏索：细菌是怎样交流的？2013-12-21

【TED92】大卫·克里斯汀：宏观历史2013-12-22

【TED93】Christien Meindertsma：一头猪的全球化旅程2013-12-23

【TED94】大卫·布莱恩：我如何做到水下屏气17分钟2013-12-24

【TED95】包拉托：错觉中的视觉真相2013-12-25

【TED96】Read Montague：我们从5000个大脑中学到了什么2013-12-26

【TED97】邹奇奇：大人能从小孩身上学到什么2013-12-27

篇4：ted演讲稿精选

chinese restaurants have played an important role in american history, as a matter of fact. the cuban missile crisis was resolved in a chinese restaurant called yenching palace in washington, d.c., which unfortunately is closed now, and about to be turned into walgreen's. and the house that john wilkes booth planned the assassination of abraham lincoln is actually also now a chinese restaurant called wok 'n roll, on h street in washington.

事实上，中国餐馆在美国历史上发挥了很重要的作用。古巴导弹危机是在华盛顿一家名叫“燕京馆”的中餐馆里解决的。很不幸，这家餐馆现在关门了，即将被改建成沃尔格林连锁药店。而约翰·威尔克斯·布斯刺杀林肯总统的那所房子现在也成了一家中餐馆，就是位于华盛顿的“锅和卷”。

and if you think about it, a lot of the foods that you think of or we think of or americans think of as chinese food are barely recognizable to chinese, for e_ample: beef with broccoli, egg rolls, general tso's chicken, fortune cookies, chop suey, the take-out bo_es.

如果你仔细想想，就会发现很多你们所认为或我们所认为，或是美国人所认为的中国食物，中国人并不认识。比如西兰花牛肉、蛋卷、左宗棠鸡、幸运饼干、杂碎、外卖盒子。

so, the interesting question is, how do you go from fortune cookies being something that is japanese to being something that is chinese? well, the short answer is, we locked up all the japanese during world war ii, including those that made fortune cookies, so that's the time when the chinese moved in, kind of saw a market opportunity and took over.

所以有趣的是，幸运饼干是怎么从日本的东西变成中国的东西的呢?简单地说，我们在二战时扣押了所以的日本人，包括那些做幸运饼干的。这时候，中国人来了，看到了商机，自然就据为己有了。

general tso's chicken -- which, by the way, in the us naval academy is called admiral tso's chicken. i love this dish. the original name in my book was actually called the long march of general tso, and he has marched very far indeed, because he is sweet, he is fried, and he is chicken -- all things that americans love.

左宗棠鸡，在美国海军军校被称为左司令鸡。我很喜欢这道菜。在我的书里，这道菜实际上叫左将军的长征，它确实在美国很受欢迎 ，因为它是甜的，油炸的，是鸡肉做的——全部都是美国人的最爱。

so, you know, i realized when i was there, general tso is kind of a lot like colonel sanders in america, in that he's known for chicken and not war. but in china, this guy's actually known for war and not chicken.

我意识到左宗棠将军有点像美国的桑德斯上校(肯德基创始人)，因为他是因鸡肉而出名的而不是战争。而在中国，左宗棠确实是因为战争而不是鸡肉闻名的。

so it's kind of part of the phenomenon i called spontaneous self-organization, right, where, like in ant colonies, where little decisions made by -- on the micro-level actually have a big impact on the macro-level.

这就有点像我所说的自发组织现象。就像在蚂蚁群中，在微观层面上做的小小决定会在宏观层面上产生巨大的影响。

and the great innovation of chicken mcnuggets was not nuggetfying them, because that's kind of an easy concept, but the trick behind chicken mcnuggets was, they were able to remove the chicken from the bone in a cost-effective manner, which is why it took so long for other people to copy them.

麦乐鸡块的发明并没有给他们带来切实收益，因为这个想法很简单，但麦乐鸡背后的技巧是如何用一种划算的方式来把鸡肉从骨头上剔出来。这就是为什么过了这么久才有人模仿他们。

we can think of chinese restaurants perhaps as linu_: sort of an open source thing, right, where ideas from one person can be copied and propagated across the entire system, that there can be specialized versions of chinese food, you know, depending on the region.

我们可以把中餐馆比作linu_：一种开源系统。一个人的想法可以在整个系统中被复制，被普及。在不同的地区，就有特别版本的中国菜。

篇5：ted演讲稿精选

简介：残奥会短跑冠军aimee mullins天生没有腓骨，从小就要学习靠义肢走路和奔跑。如今，她不仅是短跑选手、演员、模特，还是一位稳健的演讲者。她不喜欢字典中 “disabled”这个词，因为负面词汇足以毁掉一个人。但是，坦然面对不幸，你会发现等待你的是更多的机会。

i'd like to share with you a discovery that i made a few months ago while writing an article for italian wired. i always keep my thesaurus handy whenever i'm writing anything, but i'd already finished editing the piece, and i realized that i had never once in my life looked up the word “disabled” to see what i'd find.

let me read you the entry. “disabled, adjective: crippled, helpless, useless, wrecked, stalled, maimed, wounded, mangled, lame, mutilated, run-down, worn-out, weakened, impotent, castrated, paralyzed, handicapped, senile, decrepit, laid-up, done-up, done-for, done-in cracked-up, counted-out; see also hurt, useless and weak. antonyms, healthy, strong, capable.” i was reading this list out loud to a friend and at first was laughing, it was so ludicrous, but i'd just gotten past “mangled,” and my voice broke, and i had to stop and collect myself from the emotional shock and impact that the assault from these words unleashed.

you know, of course, this is my raggedy old thesaurus so i'm thinking this must be an ancient print date, right? but, in fact, the print date was the early 1980s, when i would have been starting primary school and forming an understanding of myself outside the family unit and as related to the other kids and the world around me. and, needless to say, thank god i wasn't using a thesaurus back then. i mean, from this entry, it would seem that i was born into a world that perceived someone like me to have nothing positive whatsoever going for them, when in fact, today i'm celebrated for the opportunities and adventures my life has procured.

so, i immediately went to look up the __ online edition, e_pecting to find a revision worth noting. here's the updated version of this entry. unfortunately, it's not much better. i find the last two words under “near antonyms,” particularly unsettling: “whole” and “wholesome.”

so, it's not just about the words. it's what we believe about people when we name them with these words. it's about the values behind the words, and how we construct those values. our language affects our thinking and how we view the world and how we view other people. in fact, many ancient societies, including the greeks and the romans, believed that to utter a curse verbally was so powerful, because to say the thing out loud brought it into e_istence. so, what reality do we want to call into e_istence: a person who is limited, or a person who's empowered? by casually doing something as simple as naming a person, a child, we might be putting lids and casting shadows on their power. wouldn't we want to open doors for them instead?

one such person who opened doors for me was my childhood doctor at the a.i. dupont institute in wilmington, delaware. his name was dr. pizzutillo, an italian american, whose name, apparently, was too difficult for most americans to pronounce, so he went by dr. p. and dr. p always wore really colorful bow ties and had the very perfect disposition to work with children.

i loved almost everything about my time spent at this hospital, with the e_ception of my physical therapy sessions. i had to do what seemed like innumerable repetitions of e_ercises with these thick, elastic bands -- different colors, you know -- to help build up my leg muscles, and i hated these bands more than anything -- i hated them, had names for them. i hated them. and, you know, i was already bargaining, as a five year-old child, with dr. p to try to get out of doing these e_ercises, unsuccessfully, of course. and, one day, he came in to my session -- e_haustive and unforgiving, these sessions -- and he said to me, “wow. aimee, you are such a strong and powerful little girl, i think you're going to break one of those bands. when you do break it, i'm going to give you a hundred bucks.”

now, of course, this was a simple ploy on dr. p's part to get me to do the e_ercises i didn't want to do before the prospect of being the richest five-year-old in the second floor ward, but what he effectively did for me was reshape an awful daily occurrence into a new and promising e_perience for me. and i have to wonder today to what e_tent his vision and his declaration of me as a strong and powerful little girl shaped my own view of myself as an inherently strong, powerful and athletic person well into the future.

this is an e_ample of how adults in positions of power can ignite the power of a child. but, in the previous instances of those thesaurus entries, our language isn't allowing us to evolve into the reality that we would all want, the possibility of an individual to see themselves as capable. our language hasn't caught up with the changes in our society, many of which have been brought about by technology. certainly, from a medical standpoint, my legs, laser surgery for vision impairment, titanium knees and hip replacements for aging bodies that are allowing people to more fully engage with their abilities, and move beyond the limits that nature has imposed on them -- not to mention social networking platforms allow people to self-identify, to claim their own descriptions of themselves, so they can go align with global groups of their own choosing. so, perhaps technology is revealing more clearly to us now what has always been a truth: that everyone has something rare and powerful to offer our society, and that the human ability to adapt is our greatest asset.

the human ability to adapt, it's an interesting thing, because people have continually wanted to talk to me about overcoming adversity, and i'm going to make an admission: this phrase never sat right with me, and i always felt uneasy trying to answer people's questions about it, and i think i'm starting to figure out why. implicit in this phrase of “overcoming adversity” is the idea that success, or happiness, is about emerging on the other side of a challenging e_perience unscathed or unmarked by the e_perience, as if my successes in life have come about from an ability to sidestep or circumnavigate the presumed pitfalls of a life with prosthetics, or what other people perceive as my disability. but, in fact, we are changed. we are marked, of course, by a challenge, whether physically, emotionally or both. and i'm going to suggest that this is a good thing. adversity isn't an obstacle that we need to get around in order to resume living our life. it's part of our life. and i tend to think of it like my shadow. sometimes i see a lot of it, sometimes there's very little, but it's always with me. and, certainly, i'm not trying to diminish the impact, the weight, of a person's struggle.

there is adversity and challenge in life, and it's all very real and relative to every single person, but the question isn't whether or not you're going to meet adversity, but how you're going to meet it. so, our responsibility is not simply shielding those we care for from adversity, but preparing them to meet it well. and we do a disservice to our kids when we make them feel that they're not equipped to adapt. there's an important difference and distinction between the objective medical fact of my being an amputee and the subjective societal opinion of whether or not i'm disabled. and, truthfully, the only real and consistent disability i've had to confront is the world ever thinking that i could be described by those definitions.

in our desire to protect those we care about by giving them the cold, hard truth about their medical prognosis, or, indeed, a prognosis on the e_pected quality of their life, we have to make sure that we don't put the first brick in a wall that will actually disable someone. perhaps the e_isting model of only looking at what is broken in you and how do we fi_ it, serves to be more disabling to the individual than the pathology itself.

by not treating the wholeness of a person, by not acknowledging their potency, we are creating another ill on top of whatever natural struggle they might have. we are effectively grading someone's worth to our community. so we need to see through the pathology and into the range of human capability. and, most importantly, there's a partnership between those perceived deficiencies and our greatest creative ability. so it's not about devaluing, or negating, these more trying times as something we want to avoid or sweep under the rug, but instead to find those opportunities wrapped in the adversity. so maybe the idea i want to put out there is not so much overcoming adversity as it is opening ourselves up to it, embracing it, grappling with it, to use a wrestling term, maybe even dancing with it. and, perhaps, if we see adversity as natural, consistent and useful, we're less burdened by the presence of it.

this year we celebrate the 200th birthday of charles darwin, and it was 150 years ago, when writing about evolution, that darwin illustrated, i think, a truth about the human character. to paraphrase: it's not the strongest of the species that survives, nor is it the most intelligent that survives; it is the one that is most adaptable to change. conflict is the genesis of creation. from darwin's work, amongst others, we can recognize that the human ability to survive and flourish is driven by the struggle of the human spirit through conflict into transformation. so, again, transformation, adaptation, is our greatest human skill. and, perhaps, until we're tested, we don't know what we're made of. maybe that's what adversity gives us: a sense of self, a sense of our own power. so, we can give ourselves a gift. we can re-imagine adversity as something more than just tough times. maybe we can see it as change. adversity is just change that we haven't adapted ourselves to yet.

i think the greatest adversity that we've created for ourselves is this idea of normalcy. now, who's normal? there's no normal. there's common, there's typical. there's no normal, and would you want to meet that poor, beige person if they e_isted? (laughter) i don't think so. if we can change this paradigm from one of achieving normalcy to one of possibility -- or potency, to be even a little bit more dangerous -- we can release the power of so many more children, and invite them to engage their rare and valuable abilities with the community.

anthropologists tell us that the one thing we as humans have always required of our community members is to be of use, to be able to contribute. there's evidence that neanderthals, 60,000 years ago, carried their elderly and those with serious physical injury, and perhaps it's because the life e_perience of survival of these people proved of value to the community. they didn't view these people as broken and useless; they were seen as rare and valuable.

a few years ago, i was in a food market in the town where i grew up in that red zone in northeastern pennsylvania, and i was standing over a bushel of tomatoes. it was summertime: i had shorts on. i hear this guy, his voice behind me say, “well, if it isn't aimee mullins.” and i turn around, and it's this older man. i have no idea who he is.

and i said, “i'm sorry, sir, have we met? i don't remember meeting you.”

he said, “well, you wouldn't remember meeting me. i mean, when we met i was delivering you from your mother's womb.” (laughter) oh, that guy. and, but of course, actually, it did click.

this man was dr. kean, a man that i had only known about through my mother's stories of that day, because, of course, typical fashion, i arrived late for my birthday by two weeks. and so my mother's prenatal physician had gone on vacation, so the man who delivered me was a complete stranger to my parents. and, because i was born without the fibula bones, and had feet turned in, and a few toes in this foot and a few toes in that, he had to be the bearer -- this stranger had to be the bearer of bad news.

he said to me, “i had to give this prognosis to your parents that you would never walk, and you would never have the kind of mobility that other kids have or any kind of life of independence, and you've been making liar out of me ever since.” (laughter) (applause)

the e_traordinary thing is that he said he had saved newspaper clippings throughout my whole childhood, whether winning a second grade spelling bee, marching with the girl scouts, you know, the halloween parade, winning my college scholarship, or any of my sports victories, and he was using it, and integrating it into teaching resident students, med students from hahnemann medical school and hershey medical school. and he called this part of the course the _ factor, the potential of the human will. no prognosis can account for how powerful this could be as a determinant in the quality of someone's life. and dr. kean went on to tell me, he said, “in my e_perience, unless repeatedly told otherwise, and even if given a modicum of support, if left to their own devices, a child will achieve.”

see, dr. kean made that shift in thinking. he understood that there's a difference between the medical condition and what someone might do with it. and there's been a shift in my thinking over time, in that, if you had asked me at 15 years old, if i would have traded prosthetics for flesh-and-bone legs, i wouldn't have hesitated for a second. i aspired to that kind of normalcy back then. but if you ask me today, i'm not so sure. and it's because of the e_periences i've had with them, not in spite of the e_periences i've had with them. and perhaps this shift in me has happened because i've been e_posed to more people who have opened doors for me than those who have put lids and cast shadows on me.

see, all you really need is one person to show you the epiphany of your own power, and you're off. if you can hand somebody the key to their own power -- the human spirit is so receptive -- if you can do that and open a door for someone at a crucial moment, you are educating them in the best sense. you're teaching them to open doors for themselves. in fact, the e_act meaning of the word “educate” comes from the root word “educe.” it means “to bring forth what is within, to bring out potential.” so again, which potential do we want to bring out?

there was a case study done in 1960s britain, when they were moving from grammar schools to comprehensive schools. it's called the streaming trials. we call it “tracking” here in the states. it's separating students from a, b, c, d and so on. and the “a students” get the tougher curriculum, the best teachers, etc. well, they took, over a three-month period, d-level students, gave them a's, told them they were “a's,” told them they were bright, and at the end of this three-month period, they were performing at a-level.

and, of course, the heartbreaking, flip side of this study, is that they took the “a students” and told them they were “d's.” and that's what happened at the end of that three-month period. those who were still around in school, besides the people who had dropped out. a crucial part of this case study was that the teachers were duped too. the teachers didn't know a switch had been made. they were simply told, “these are the 'a-students,' these are the 'd-students.'” and that's how they went about teaching them and treating them.

so, i think that the only true disability is a crushed spirit, a spirit that's been crushed doesn't have hope, it doesn't see beauty, it no longer has our natural, childlike curiosity and our innate ability to imagine. if instead, we can bolster a human spirit to keep hope, to see beauty in themselves and others, to be curious and imaginative, then we are truly using our power well. when a spirit has those qualities, we are able to create new realities and new ways of being.

i'd like to leave you with a poem by a fourteenth-century persian poet named hafiz that my friend, jacques dembois told me about, and the poem is called “the god who only knows four words”: “every child has known god, not the god of names, not the god of don'ts, but the god who only knows four words and keeps repeating them, saying, 'come dance with me. come, dance with me. come, dance with me.'”

thank you. (applause)

篇6：ted演讲稿精选

in a funny, rapid-fire 4 minutes, ale_is ohanian of reddit tells the real-life fable of one humpback whale's rise to web stardom. the lesson of mister splashy pants is a shoo-in classic for meme-makers and marketers in the facebook age.

这段有趣的4分钟演讲，来自 reddit 网站创始人 ale_is ohanian。他讲了一个座头鲸在网上一夜成名的真实故事。“溅水先生”的故事是脸书时代米姆(小编注：根据《牛津英语词典》，meme被定义为：“文化的基本单位，通过非遗传的方式，特别是模仿而得到传递。”)制造者和传播者共同创造的经典案例。

演讲的开头，ale_is ohanian 介绍了“溅水先生”的故事。“绿色和平”环保组织为了阻止日本的捕鲸行为，在一只鲸鱼体内植入新片，并发起一个为这只座头鲸起名的活动。“绿色和平”组织希望起低调奢华有内涵的名字，但经过 reddit 的宣传和推动，票数最多的却是非常不高大上的“溅水先生”这个名字。经过几番折腾，“绿色和平”接受了这个名字，并且这一行动成功阻止了日本捕鲸活动。

演讲内容节选(ale_ ohanian 从社交网络的角度分析这个事件)

and actually, redditors in the internet community were happy to participate, but they weren't whale lovers. a few of them certainly were. but we're talking about a lot of people who were just really interested and really caught up in this great meme, and in fact someone from greenpeace came back on the site and thanked reddit for its participation. but this wasn't really out of altruism. this was just out of interest in doing something cool.

事实上，reddit 的社区用户们很高兴参与其中，但他们并非是鲸鱼爱好者。当然，他们中的一小部分或许是。我们看到的是一群人积极地去参与到这个米姆(社会活动)中，实际上 “绿色和平”中的人登陆 reddit.com，感谢大家的参与。网友们这么做并非是完全的利他主义。他们只是觉得做这件事很酷。

and this is kind of how the internet works. this is that great big secret. because the internet provides this level playing field. your link is just as good as your link, which is just as good as my link. as long as we have a browser, anyone can get to any website no matter how big a budget you have.

这就是互联网的运作方式。这就是我说的秘密。因为互联网提供的是一个机会均等平台。你分享的链接跟他分享的链接一样有趣，我分享的链接也不赖。只要我们有一个浏览器，不论你的财富几何，你都可以去到想浏览的页面。

the other important thing is that it costs nothing to get that content online now. there are so many great publishing tools that are available, it only takes a few minutes of your time now to actually produce something. and the cost of iteration is so cheap that you might as well give it a go.

另外，从互联网获取内容不需要任何成本。如今，互联网有各种各样的发布工具，你只需要几分钟就可以成为内容的提供者。这种行为的成本非常低，你也可以试试。

and if you do, be genuine about it. be honest. be up front. and one of the great lessons that greenpeace actually learned was that it's okay to lose control. the final message that i want to share with all of you -- that you can do well online. if you want to succeed you've got to be okay to just lose control. thank you.

如果你真的决定试试，那么请真挚、诚实、坦率地去做。“绿色和平”在这个故事中获得的教训是，有时候失控并不一定是坏事。最后我想告诉你们的是——你可以在网络上做得很好。如果你想在网络上成功，你得经得起一点失控。谢谢。

篇7：ted演讲稿精选

try something new for 30 days 小计划帮你实现大目标

a few years ago, i felt like i was stuck in a rut, so i decided to follow in the footsteps of the great american philosopher, morgan spurlock, and try something new for 30 days. the idea is actually pretty simple. think about something you’ve always wanted to add to your life and try it for the ne_t 30 days. it turns out, 30 days is just about the right amount of time to add a new habit or subtract a habit — like watching the news — from your life.

几年前， 我感觉对老一套感到枯燥乏味， 所以我决定追随伟大的美国哲学家摩根·斯普尔洛克的脚步，尝试做新事情30天。这个想法的确是非常简单。考虑下，你常想在你生命中做的一些事情 接下来30天尝试做这些。 这就是，30天刚好是这么一段合适的时间 去养成一个新的习惯或者改掉一个习惯——例如看新闻——在你生活中。

there’s a few things i learned while doing these 30-day challenges. the first was, instead of the months flying by, forgotten, the time was much more memorable. this was part of a challenge i did to take a picture everyday for a month. and i remember e_actly where i was and what i was doing that day. i also noticed that as i started to do more and harder 30-day challenges, my self-confidence grew. i went from desk-dwelling computer nerd to the kind of guy who bikes to work — for fun. even last year, i ended up hiking up mt. kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in africa. i would never have been that adventurous before i started my 30-day challenges.

当我在30天做这些挑战性事情时，我学到以下一些事。第一件事是，取代了飞逝而过易被遗忘的岁月的是 这段时间非常的更加令人难忘。挑战的一部分是要一个月内每天我要去拍摄一张照片。我清楚地记得那一天我所处的位置我都在干什么。我也注意到随着我开始做更多的，更难的30天里具有挑战性的事时，我自信心也增强了。我从一个台式计算机宅男极客变成了一个爱骑自行车去工作的人——为了玩乐。甚至去年，我完成了在非洲最高山峰乞力马扎罗山的远足。在我开始这30天做挑战性的事之前我从来没有这样热爱冒险过。

i also figured out that if you really want something badly enough, you can do anything for 30 days. have you ever wanted to write a novel? every november, tens of thousands of people try to write their own 50,000 word novel from scratch in 30 days. it turns out, all you have to do is write 1,667 words a day for a month. so i did. by the way, the secret is not to go to sleep until you’ve written your words for the day. you might be sleep-deprived, but you’ll finish your novel. now is my book the ne_t great american novel? no. i wrote it in a month. it’s awful. but for the rest of my life, if i meet john hodgman at a ted party, i don’t have to say, “i’m a computer scientist.” no, no, if i want to i can say, “i’m a novelist.”

我也认识到如果你真想一些槽糕透顶的事，你可以在30天里做这些事。你曾想写小说吗?每年11月，数以万计的人们在30天里，从零起点尝试写他们自己的5万字小说。这结果就是，你所要去做的事就是每天写1667个字要写一个月。所以我做到了。顺便说一下，秘密在于除非在一天里你已经写完了1667个字，要不你就甭想睡觉。你可能被剥夺睡眠，但你将会完成你的小说。那么我写的书会是下一部伟大的美国小说吗?不是的。我在一个月内写完它。它看上去太可怕了。但在我的余生，如果我在一个ted聚会上遇见约翰·霍奇曼，我不必开口说，“我是一个电脑科学家。”不，不会的，如果我愿意我可以说，“我是一个小说家。”

(laughter)

(笑声)

so here’s one last thing i’d like to mention. i learned that when i made small, sustainable changes, things i could keep doing, they were more likely to stick. there’s nothing wrong with big, crazy challenges. in fact, they’re a ton of fun. but they’re less likely to stick. when i gave up sugar for 30 days, day 31 looked like this.

我这儿想提的最后一件事。当我做些小的、持续性的变化，我可以不断尝试做的事时，我学到我可以把它们更容易地坚持做下来。这和又大又疯狂的具有挑战性的事情无关。事实上，它们的乐趣无穷。但是，它们就不太可能坚持做下来。当我在30天里拒绝吃糖果，31天后看上去就像这样。

(laughter)

(笑声)

so here’s my question to you: what are you waiting for? i guarantee you the ne_t 30 days are going to pass whether you like it or not, so why not think about something you have always wanted to try and give it a shot for the ne_t 30 days.

所以我给大家提的问题是：大家还在等什么呀?我保准大家在未来的30天定会经历你喜欢或者不喜欢的事，那么为什么不考虑一些你常想做的尝试并在未来30天里试试给自己一个机会。

thanks.

谢谢。

(applause)

(掌声)

篇8：ted演讲稿精选

I was one of the only kids in college who had a reason to go to the P.O. bo_ at the end of the day, and that was mainly because my mother has never believed in email, in Facebook, in te_ting or cell phones in general. And so while other kids were BBM-ing their parents, I was literally waiting by the mailbo_ to get a letter from home to see how the weekend had gone, which was a little frustrating when Grandma was in the hospital, but I was just looking for some sort of scribble, some unkempt cursive from my mother.

And so when I moved to New York City after college and got completely sucker-punched in the face by depression, I did the only thing I could think of at the time. I wrote those same kinds of letters that my mother had written me for strangers, and tucked them all throughout the city, dozens and dozens of them. I left them everywhere, in cafes and in libraries, at the U.N., everywhere. I blogged about those letters and the days when they were necessary, and I posed a kind of crazy promise to the Internet: that if you asked me for a hand-written letter, I would write you one, no questions asked. Overnight, my inbo_ morphed into this harbor of heartbreak -- a single mother in Sacramento, a girl being bullied in rural Kansas, all asking me, a 22-year-old girl who barely even knew her own coffee order, to write them a love letter and give them a reason to wait by the mailbo_.

Well, today I fuel a global organization that is fueled by those trips to the mailbo_, fueled by the ways in which we can harness social media like never before to write and mail strangers letters when they need them most, but most of all, fueled by crates of mail like this one, my trusty mail crate, filled with the scriptings of ordinary people, strangers writing letters to other strangers not because they're ever going to meet and laugh over a cup of coffee, but because they have found one another by way of letter-writing.

But, you know, the thing that always gets me about these letters is that most of them have been written by people that have never known themselves loved on a piece of paper. They could not tell you about the ink of their own love letters. They're the ones from my generation, the ones of us that have grown up into a world where everything is paperless, and where some of our best conversations have happened upon a screen. We have learned to diary our pain onto Facebook, and we speak swiftly in 140 characters or less.

But what if it's not about efficiency this time? I was on the subway yesterday with this mail crate, which is a conversation starter, let me tell you. If you ever need one, just carry one of these. (Laughter) And a man just stared at me, and he was like, “Well, why don't you use the Internet?” And I thought, “Well, sir, I am not a strategist, nor am I specialist. I am merely a storyteller.” And so I could tell you about a woman whose husband has just come home from Afghanistan, and she is having a hard time unearthing this thing called conversation, and so she tucks love letters throughout the house as a way to say, “Come back to me. Find me when you can.” Or a girl who decides that she is going to leave love letters around her campus in Dubuque, Iowa, only to find her efforts ripple-effected the ne_t day when she walks out onto the quad and finds love letters hanging from the trees, tucked in the bushes and the benches. Or the man who decides that he is going to take his life, uses Facebook as a way to say goodbye to friends and family. Well, tonight he sleeps safely with a stack of letters just like this one tucked beneath his pillow, scripted by strangers who were there for him when.

These are the kinds of stories that convinced me that letter-writing will never again need to flip back her hair and talk about efficiency, because she is an art form now, all the parts of her, the signing, the scripting, the mailing, the doodles in the margins. The mere fact that somebody would even just sit down, pull out a piece of paper and think about someone the whole way through, with an intention that is so much harder to unearth when the browser is up and the iPhone is pinging and we've got si_ conversations rolling in at once, that is an art form that does not fall down to the Goliath of “get faster,” no matter how many social networks we might join. We still clutch close these letters to our chest, to the words that speak louder than loud, when we turn pages into palettes to say the things that we have needed to say, the words that we have needed to write, to sisters and brothers and even to strangers, for far too long. Thank you. (Applause) (Applause)

篇9：Ted 演讲稿精选

when i was nine years old i went off to summer camp for the first time. and my mother packed me a suitcase full of books, which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do. because in my family, reading was the primary group activity. and this might sound antisocial to you, but for us it was really just a different way of being social. you have the animal warmth of your family sitting right next to you, but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind. and i had this idea that camp was going to be just like this, but better. (laughter) i had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.

(laughter)

camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol. and on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit. and it went like this: “r-o-w-d-i-e, that's the way we spell rowdie. rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie.” yeah. so i couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy, or why we had to spell this word incorrectly. (laughter) but i recited a cheer. i recited a cheer along with everybody else. i did my best. and i just waited for the time that i could go off and read my books.

but the first time that i took my book out of my suitcase, the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me, “why are you being so mellow?” -- mellow, of course, being the exact opposite of r-o-w-d-i-e. and then the second time i tried it, the counselor came up to me with a concerned expression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.

and so i put my books away, back in their suitcase, and i put them under my bed, and there they stayed for the rest of the summer. and i felt kind of guilty about this. i felt as if the books needed me somehow, and they were calling out to me and i was forsaking them. but i did forsake them and i didn't open that suitcase again until i was back home with my family at the end of the summer.

now, i tell you this story about summer camp. i could have told you 50 others just like it -- all the times that i got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being was not necessarily the right way to go, that i should be trying to pass as more of an extrovert. and i always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty excellent just as they were. but for years i denied this intuition, and so i became a wall street lawyer, of all things, instead of the writer that i had always longed to be -- partly because i needed to prove to myself that i could be bold and assertive too. and i was always going off to crowded bars when i really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends. and i made these self-negating choices so reflexively, that i wasn't even aware that i was making them.

篇10：简短的ted演讲稿

布琳.布朗致力于研究人与人的关系--我们感同身受的能力、获得归属感的能力、爱的能力。在TED休斯敦一次富有感染力的幽默谈话中，她跟我们分享了她的研究发现，一个让她更想深入了解自己以及人类的发现，洞悉人性也更了解自己。同时建议父母，全心全意去爱，即使没有回报、即使很困难，也要勇敢面对，因为感到脆弱代表我还活着，我们要相信自己够好，绝对值得被爱。

那我就这么开始吧： 几年前，一个活动策划人打电话给我， 因为我当时要做一个演讲。 她在电话里说： “我真很苦恼该如何在宣传单上 介绍你。” 我心想，怎么会苦恼呢? 她继续道：“你看，我听过你的演讲， 我觉得我可以称你为研究者， 可我担心的是，如果我这么称呼你，没人会来听， 因为大家普遍认为研究员很无趣而且脱离现实。” (笑声) 好。 然后她说：“但是我喜欢你的演讲， 就跟讲故事一样很吸引人。 我想来想去，还是觉得称你为讲故事的人比较妥当。” 而那个做学术的，感到不安的我 脱口而出道：“你要叫我什么?” 她说：“我要称你为讲故事的人。“ 我心想：”为什么不干脆叫魔法小精灵?“ (笑声) 我说：”让我考虑一下。“ 我试着鼓起勇气。 我对自己说，我是一个讲故事的人。 我是一个从事定性研究的科研人员。 我收集故事;这就是我的工作。 或许故事就是有灵魂的数据。 或许我就是一个讲故事的人。 于是我说：”听着， 要不你就称我为做研究兼讲故事的人。“ 她说：”哈哈，没这么个说法呀。“ (笑声) 所以我是个做研究兼讲故事的人， 我今天想跟大家谈论的-- 我们要谈论的话题是关于拓展认知-- 我想给你们讲几个故事 是关于我的一份研究的， 这份研究从本质上拓宽了我个人的认知， 也确确实实改变了我生活、爱、 工作还有教育孩子的方式。

我的故事从这里开始。 当我还是个年轻的博士研究生的时候， 第一年，有位研究教授 对我们说： ”事实是这样的， 如果有一个东西你无法测量，那么它就不存在。“ 我心想他只是在哄哄我们这些小孩子吧。 我说：“真的么?” 他说：“当然。” 你得知道 我有一个社会工作的学士文凭，一个社会工作的硕士文凭， 我在读的是一个社会工作的博士文凭， 所以我整个学术生涯 都被人所包围， 他们大抵相信 生活是一团乱麻，接受它。 而我的观点则倾向于，生活是一团乱麻， 解开它，把它整理好， 再归类放入便当盒里。 (笑声) 我觉得我领悟到了关键， 有能力去创一番事业，让自己-- 真的，社会工作的一个重要理念是 置身于工作的不适中。 我就是要把这不适翻个底朝天 每科都拿到A。 这就是我当时的信条。 我当时真的是跃跃欲试。 我想这就是我要的职业生涯， 因为我对乱成一团，难以处理的课题感兴趣。 我想要把它们弄清楚。 我想要理解它们。 我想侵入那些 我知道是重要的东西 把它们摸透，然后用浅显易懂的方式呈献给每一个人。

所以我的起点是“关系”。 因为当你从事了20xx年的社会工作， 你必然会发现 关系是我们活着的原因。 它赋予了我们生命的意义。 就是这么简单。 无论你跟谁交流 工作在社会执法领域的也好，负责精神健康、虐待和疏于看管领域的也好 我们所知道的是，关系 是种感应的能力-- 生物神经上，我们是这么被设定的-- 这就是为什么我们在这儿。 所以我就从关系开始。 下面这个场景我们再熟悉不过了， 你的上司给你作工作评估， 她告诉了你37点你做得相当棒的地方， 还有一点--成长的空间? (笑声) 然后你满脑子都想着那一点成长的空间，不是么。 这也是我研究的一个方面， 因为当你跟人们谈论爱情， 他们告诉你的是一件让他们心碎的事。 当你跟人们谈论归属感， 他们告诉你的是最让他们痛心的 被排斥的经历。 当你跟人们谈论关系， 他们跟我讲的是如何被断绝关系的故事。

所以很快的--在大约开始研究这个课题6周以后-- 我遇到了这个前所未闻的东西 它揭示了关系 以一种我不理解也从没见过的方式。 所以我暂停了原先的研究计划， 对自己说，我得弄清楚这到底是什么。 它最终被鉴定为耻辱感。 耻辱感很容易理解， 即害怕被断绝关系。 有没有一些关于我的事 如果别人知道了或看到了， 会认为我不值得交往。 我要告诉你们的是： 这种现象很普遍;我们都会有(这种想法)。 没有体验过耻辱的人 不具有人类的同情或关系。 没人想谈论自己的糗事， 你谈论的越少，你越感到可耻。 滋生耻辱感的 是一种“我不够好.”的心态-- 我们都知道这是个什么滋味： ”我不够什么。我不够苗条， 不够有钱，不够漂亮，不够聪明， 职位不够高。“ 而支撑这种心态的 是一种刻骨铭心的脆弱， 关键在于 要想产生关系， 我们必须让自己被看见， 真真切切地被看见。

你知道我怎么看待脆弱。我恨它。 所以我思考着，这次是轮到我 用我的标尺击溃它的时候了。 我要闯进去，把它弄清楚， 我要花一年的时间，彻底瓦解耻辱， 我要搞清楚脆弱是怎么运作的， 然后我要智取胜过它。 所以我准备好了，非常兴奋。 跟你预计的一样，事与愿违。 (笑声) 你知道这个(结果)。 我能告诉你关于耻辱的很多东西， 但那样我就得占用别人的时间了。 但我在这儿可以告诉你，归根到底 -- 这也许是我学到的最重要的东西 在从事研究的数十年中。 我预计的一年 变成了六年， 成千上万的故事， 成百上千个采访，焦点集中。 有时人们发给我期刊报道， 发给我他们的故事 -- 不计其数的数据，就在这六年中。 我大概掌握了它。

我大概理解了这就是耻辱， 这就是它的运作方式。 我写了本书， 我出版了一个理论， 但总觉得哪里不对劲 -- 它其实是， 如果我粗略地把我采访过的人 分成 具有自我价值感的人 -- 说到底就是 自我价值感 -- 他们勇于去爱并且拥有强烈的归属感 -- 另一部分则是为之苦苦挣扎的人， 总是怀疑自己是否足够好的人。 区分那些 敢于去爱 并拥有强烈归属感的人 和那些为之而苦苦挣扎的人的变量只有一个。 那就是，那些敢于去爱 并拥有强烈归属感的人 相信他们值得被爱，值得享有归属感。 就这么简单。 他们相信自己的价值。 而对于我， 那个阻碍人与人之间关系的最困难的部分 是我们对于自己不值得享有这种关系的恐惧， 无论从个人，还是职业上 我都觉得我有必要去更深入地了解它。 所以接下来 我找出所有的采访记录 找出那些体现自我价值的，那些持有这种观念的记录， 集中研究它们。

这群人有什么共同之处? 我对办公用品有点痴迷， 但这是另一个话题了。 我有一个牛皮纸文件夹，还有一个三福极好笔， 我心想，我该怎么给这项研究命名呢? 第一个蹦入我脑子的是 全心全意这个词。 这是一群全心全意，靠着一种强烈的自我价值感在生活的人们。 所以我在牛皮纸夹的上端这样写道， 而后我开始查看数据。 事实上，我开始是 用四天时间 集中分析数据， 我从头找出那些采访，找出其中的故事和事件。 主题是什么?有什么规律? 我丈夫带着孩子离开了小镇， 因为我老是陷入像杰克逊.波洛克(美国近代抽象派画家)似的疯狂状态， 我一直在写， 完全沉浸在研究的状态中。 下面是我的发现。 这些人的共同之处在于 勇气。 我想在这里先花一分钟跟大家区分一下勇气和胆量。 勇气，最初的定义， 当它刚出现在英文里的时候 -- 是从拉丁文cor，意为心，演变过来的 -- 最初的定义是 真心地叙述一个故事，告诉大家你是谁的。 所以这些人 就具有勇气 承认自己不完美。 他们具有同情心， 先是对自己的，再是对他人的， 因为，事实是，我们如果不能善待自己， 我们也无法善待他人。 最后一点，他们都能和他人建立关系， -- 这是很难做到的-- 前提是他们必须坦诚， 他们愿意放开自己设定的那个理想的自我 以换取真正的自我， 这是赢得关系的 必要条件。

他们还有另外一个共同之处 那就是， 他们全然接受脆弱。 他们相信 让他们变得脆弱的东西 也让他们变得美丽。 他们不认为脆弱 是寻求舒适， 也不认为脆弱是钻心的疼痛 -- 正如我之前在关于耻辱的采访中听到的。 他们只是简单地认为脆弱是必须的。 他们会谈到愿意 说出“我爱你”， 愿意 做些 没有的事情， 愿意 等待医生的电话， 在做完乳房X光检查之后。 他们愿意为情感投资， 无论有没有结果。 他们觉得这些都是最根本的。

我当时认为那是背叛。 我无法相信 我尽然对科研宣誓效忠 -- 研究的定义是 控制(变量)然后预测，去研究现象， 为了一个明确的目标， 去控制并预测。 而我现在的使命 即控制并预测 却给出了这样一个结果：要想与脆弱共存 就得停止控制，停止预测 于是我崩溃了 -- (笑声) -- 其实更像是这样。 (笑声) 它确实是。 我称它为崩溃，我的心理医生称它为灵魂的觉醒。 灵魂的觉醒当然比精神崩溃要好听很多， 但我跟你说那的确是精神崩溃。 然后我不得不暂且把数据放一边，去求助心理医生。 让我告诉你：你知道你是谁 当你打电话跟你朋友说：“我觉得我需要跟人谈谈。 你有什么好的.建议吗?“ 因为我大约有五个朋友这么回答： ”喔。我可不想当你的心理医生。“ (笑声) 我说：”这是什么意思?“ 他们说：”我只是想说， 别带上你的标尺来见我。“ 我说：”行。“

就这样我找到了一个心理医生。 我跟她，戴安娜，的第一次见面 -- 我带去了一份表单 上面都是那些全身心投入生活的人的生活方式，然后我坐下了。 她说：”你好吗?“ 我说：”我很好。还不赖。“ 她说：”发生了什么事?“ 这是一个治疗心理医生的心理医生， 我们不得不去看这些心理医生， 因为他们的废话测量仪很准(知道你什么时候在说真心话)。 (笑声) 所以我说： “事情是这样的。我很纠结。” 她说：“你纠结什么?” 我说：”嗯，我跟脆弱过不去。 而且我知道脆弱是 耻辱和恐惧的根源 是我们为自我价值而挣扎的根源， 但它同时又是 欢乐，创造性， 归属感，爱的源泉。 所以我觉得我有问题， 我需要帮助。“ 我补充道：”但是， 这跟家庭无关， 跟童年无关。“ (笑声) “我只需要一些策略。” (笑声) (掌声) 谢谢。 戴安娜的反应是这样的。 (笑声) 我接着说：“这很糟糕，对么?” 她说：“这不算好，也不算坏。” (笑声) “它本身就是这样。” 我说：“哦，我的天，要悲剧了。”

(笑声)

(悲剧)果然发生了，但又没有发生。 大概有一年的时间。 你知道的，有些人 当他们发现脆弱和温柔很重要的时候， 他们放下所有戒备，欣然接受。 (我要声明)一，这不是我， 二，我朋友里面也没有这样的人。 (笑声) 对我来说，那是长达一年的斗争。 是场激烈的混战。 脆弱打我一拳，我又还击它一拳。 最后我输了， 但我或许赢回了我的生活。

然后我再度投入到了我的研究中， 又花了几年时间 真正试图去理解那些全身心投入生活的人， 他们做了怎样的决定， 他们是如何应对 脆弱的。 为什么我们为之痛苦挣扎? 我是独自在跟脆弱斗争吗? 不是。 这是我学到的： 我们麻痹脆弱 -- (例如)当我们等待(医生)电话的时候。 好笑的是，我在Twitter微博和Facebook上发布了一条状态， “你怎样定义脆弱? 什么会让你感到脆弱?“ 在1个半小时内，我收到了150条回复。 因为我想知道 大家都是怎么想的。 (回复中有)不得不请求丈夫帮忙， 因为我病了，而且我们刚结婚; 跟丈夫提出要爱; 跟妻子提出要爱; 被拒绝;约某人出来; 等待医生的答复; 被裁员;裁掉别人-- 这就是我们生活的世界。 我们活在一个脆弱的世界里。 我们应对的方法之一 是麻痹脆弱。

我觉得这不是没有依据 -- 这也不是依据存在的唯一理由， 我认为我们当代问题的一大部分都可以归咎于它 -- 在美国历史上，我们是欠债最多， 肥胖， 毒瘾、用药最为严重 的一代。 问题是 -- 我从研究中认识到 -- 你无法选择性地麻痹感情。 你不能说，这些是不好的。 这是脆弱，这是悲哀，这是耻辱， 这是恐惧，这是失望， 我不想要这些情感。 我要去喝几瓶啤酒，吃个香蕉坚果松饼。 (笑声) 我不想要这些情感。 我知道台下传来的是会意的笑声。 别忘了，我是靠“入侵”你们的生活过日子的。 天哪。 (笑声) 你无法只麻痹那些痛苦的情感 而不麻痹所有的感官，所有的情感。 你无法有选择性地去麻痹。 当我们麻痹那些(消极的情感)， 我们也麻痹了欢乐， 麻痹了感恩， 麻痹了幸福。 然后我们会变得痛不欲生， 我们继而寻找生命的意义， 然后我们感到脆弱， 然后我们喝几瓶啤酒，吃个香蕉坚果松饼。 危险的循环就这样这形成了。

我们需要思考的一件事是 我们是为什么，怎么样麻痹自己的。 这不一定是指吸毒。 我们麻痹自己的另一个方式是 把不确定的事变得确定。 宗教已经从一种信仰、一种对不可知的相信 变成了确定。 我是对的，你是错的。闭嘴。 就是这样。 只要是确定的就是好的。 我们越是害怕，我们就越脆弱， 然后我们变得愈加害怕。 这件就是当今政治的现状。 探讨已经不复存在。 对话已经荡然无存。 有的仅仅是指责。 你知道研究领域是如何描述指责的吗? 一种发泄痛苦与不快的方式。 我们追求完美。 如果有人想这样塑造他的生活，那个人就是我， 但这行不通。 因为我们做的只是把屁股上的赘肉 挪到我们的脸上。 (笑声) 这真是，我希望一百年以后， 当人们回过头来会不禁感叹：”哇!“

(笑声)

我们想要，这是最危险的， 我们的孩子变得完美。 让我告诉你我们是如何看待孩子的。 从他们出生的那刻起，他们就注定要挣扎。 当你把这些完美的宝宝抱在怀里的时候， 我们的任务不是说：”看看她，她完美的无可挑剔。“ 而是确保她保持完美 -- 保证她五年级的时候可以进网球队，七年级的时候稳进耶鲁。 那不是我们的任务。 我们的任务是注视着她，对她说， “你知道吗?你并不完美，你注定要奋斗， 但你值得被爱，值得享有归属感。” 这才是我们的职责。 给我看用这种方式培养出来的一代孩子， 我保证我们今天有的问题会得到解决。 我们假装我们的行为 不会影响他人。 不仅在我们个人生活中我们这么做， 在工作中也一样 -- 无论是紧急救助，石油泄漏， 还是产品召回 -- 我们假装我们做的事 对他人不会造成什么大影响。 我想对这些公司说：嘿，这不是我们第一次牛仔竞技。 我们只要你坦诚地，真心地 说一句：“对不起， 我们会处理这个问题。“

但还有一种方法，我把它留给你们。 这是我的心得： 卸下我们的面具，让我们被看见， 深入地被看见， 即便是脆弱的一面; 全心全意地去爱， 尽管没有任何担保 -- 这是最困难的， 我也可以告诉你，作为一名家长，这个非常非常困难 -- 带着一颗感恩的心，保持快乐 哪怕是在最恐惧的时候 哪怕我们怀疑：”我能不能爱得这么深? 我能不能如此热情地相信这份感情? 我能不能如此矢志不渝?“ 在消极的时候能打住，而不是一味地幻想事情会如何变得更糟， 对自己说：”我已经很感恩了， 因为能感受到这种脆弱，这意味着我还活着。“ 最后，还有最重要的一点， 那就是相信我们已经做得够好了。 因为我相信当我们在一个 让人觉得“我已经足够了”的环境中打拼的时候 我们会停止抱怨，开始倾听， 我们会对周围的人会更友善，更温和， 对自己也会更友善，更温和。

这就是我演讲的全部内容。谢谢大家。

(掌声)

篇11：简短的ted演讲稿

在东京的这个学校，五岁大的孩子们能引发拥堵，窗户是留给圣诞老人爬进来的。 让我们来看看：世界上最可爱的幼儿园，由建筑师Takaharu Tezuka所设计。 在这段演讲中，他向我们讲述了这一设计的由来以及它如何真正让孩子们的天性得到解放。

这是我们在20xx年设计的一个幼儿园。 我们把它建成了一个环形。 在屋顶上面， 是一个无尽的循环。 如果你是一名家长, 你就知道， 小孩儿们喜欢不停的转圈。 那么这就是房顶的样子。

为什么我们要把它设计成这样呢? 这家幼儿园的园长说： ”不，我不想要护栏。” 我说：“那不可能。” 但他坚持说：“那要不...... 就在屋顶边做一圈向外延伸的防护网? 这样它就能接住跌落的小孩儿?“ (笑声) 我说：“那不可能。”

然后，当然，政府的官员告诉我： “当然，你必须得有护栏。” 但我们还是可以把那个防护网的 想法在树上实现。 那儿有三棵从屋顶穿出的树。 我们被允许用绳索当作护栏。 但是，当然， 绳索对小孩儿来说根本没用。 他们会故意掉进去。 然后更多人掉进去， 还有更多， 更多…… (笑声) 有时会有40个小孩儿 同时围着树一起玩儿。 那个爬在树枝上的男孩儿， 他很爱这棵树，一直在不停的啃树皮。 (笑声)

当幼儿园里搞活动的时候， 他们就坐在围栏的边缘(观看)。 这画面从下面看起来很美。 简直就是动物园里的猴子。 (笑声) 喂食时间到～ (笑声) (鼓掌)

我们把房顶尽量做得低矮， 因为我们想让孩子们在屋顶上玩， 而不是缩在屋檐下。 如果房顶太高， 你看到的就只有天花板了。

还有洗脚的地方—— 那儿有很多种水龙头。 你可以看到，有弹性的软管… 让人忍不住想用它往朋友身上喷水玩， 还有淋浴的喷头… 还有前面的这种… 是很普通的水龙头。 但是如果你仔细看， 这小男孩其实并没在洗他的靴子， 他是在往靴子里灌水…… (笑声)

这家幼儿园完全是开放的， 几乎整年都开放着。 它的内部和外部之间， 没有明确的界限。 因此，这意味着，基本上， 这个建筑，就只有一个屋顶。 同样的，它的教室之间也没有界限。 所以那里没有任何听觉上的阻碍。 要知道，如果你把很多小孩 放进一个安静的封闭空间， 他们中的一些人会变得非常紧张。 但在这个幼儿园里， 他们没有任何理由去紧张。 因为到处都没有界限。

他们的园长说， 如果角落里的那个男孩儿 不想呆在教室里， 我们就放他走。 他最终会回来的， 因为这是个圆，他会转回来的。 (笑声)

最关键的是，通常在这种情况下， 小孩儿会试图藏在某个地方。 但在这里，他们走掉之后， 就只能绕一圈回来。 这是个自然的过程。

其次，我们认为， 噪音是非常重要的。 你得知道，小孩儿 在噪音里睡得更香。 他们是不会在安静的空间里睡着的。 在这家幼儿园里， 孩子们在课堂里 表现出惊人的注意力。 大家知道，我们人类原本就是在 那种充满噪音的丛林里长大的。 ——他们需要噪音。 你还能够在嘈杂的酒吧里跟朋友聊天。 你本来就能够适应嘈杂的环境。

当今时代， 我们一直在尝试要控制所有的事情。 但在这里，它是完全开放的。 你们也应该知道： 我们能在零下二十度的冬天滑雪。 夏天，你去游泳 海边的沙子高达50摄氏度。 我们就是这样适应环境的。 而且我们人类是防水的。 不可能因为一场雨就融化了。 所以，我们认为小孩儿就该呆在室外。 这才是我们对待他们的正确方式。

这是他们分隔教室的方式。 他们本来应该帮助老师的。 但…他们没有… (笑声) 不是我把他放进去的…… 这就是教室了。 还有洗手池。 他们在水池边聊天。 而且教室里总是有一些树的…… 一只猴子想要把 另一只猴子钓上去。 (笑声) 看，猴子们。 (笑声) 每个教室都至少有一个天窗。 这样在圣诞节的时候， 圣诞老人才有地方爬下来。

这是幼儿园的附属建筑， 就建在那个椭圆形幼儿园的旁边。 这个建筑只有5米高， 可是里面设计了7层的空间。 当然，这导致它的天花板非常矮。 因此我们不得不考虑安全问题。 所以，我们放了两个孩子进去， 一个女孩儿，一个男孩儿。 他们努力地钻进去。 他撞到头了。 他没事。他的骨头很硬。 他适应能力很强的。 因为这是我儿子。 (笑声) 他还在试着看 能不能安全地跳下去。 然后我们放了更多孩子进去。

东京的堵车太糟糕了，你懂的。 (笑声) 前面那个司机，她还得好好学学开车。 在这个年代， 孩子们需要接触一些轻微的危险。 因为在这种状况下， 他们就会学会互相帮助。 这就是社会。这些(教育)机会 正是我们如今逐渐丧失的。

现在看这幅图，它展现了一个男孩 在9:10到9:30之间的运动轨迹。 这栋建筑的周长是183米。 它真的已经不能算小了! 所以这个男孩， 一早上就运动了6000米。 最令人惊讶的还不止这个。 这家幼儿园里的孩子们平均运动距离是4000米。 与大多数幼儿园相比， 这里的孩子有着最高的运动能力。 园长说了： “我们不需要督促他们进行户外锻炼。 把他们放到屋顶上就行。 就像放羊一样。“ (笑声) 他们就会不停地跑啊跑。 (笑声)

我的观念就是，不要去“控制”他们， 也不要过多地“保护”他们， ——他们有时也需要摔倒， 也需要受点伤。 这样他们就会从中学到 如何在这个世界上生存。 我认为，建筑可以改变这个世界， 可以改变人们的生活。 这座幼儿园，就是其中一个尝试， 它改变了孩子们的生活。

非常感谢。

篇12：ted演讲稿精选

when i was seven years old and my sister was just five years old, we were playing on top of a bunk bed. i was two years older than my sister at the time -- i mean, i'm two years older than her now -- but at the time it meant she had to do everything that i wanted to do, and i wanted to play war. so we were up on top of our bunk beds. and on one side of the bunk bed, i had put out all of my g.i. joe soldiers and weaponry. and on the other side were all my sister's my little ponies ready for a cavalry charge.

there are differing accounts of what actually happened that afternoon, but since my sister is not here with us today, let me tell you the true story -- (laughter) -- which is my sister's a little bit on the clumsy side. somehow, without any help or push from her older brother at all, suddenly amy disappeared off of the top of the bunk bed and landed with this crash on the floor. now i nervously peered over the side of the bed to see what had befallen my fallen sister and saw that she had landed painfully on her hands and knees on all fours on the ground.

i was nervous because my parents had charged me with making sure that my sister and i played as safely and as quietly as possible. and seeing as how i had accidentally broken amy's arm just one week before ... (laughter) ... heroically pushing her out of the way of an oncoming imaginary sniper bullet, (laughter) for which i have yet to be thanked, i was trying as hard as i could -- she didn't even see it coming -- i was trying as hard as i could to be on my best behavior.

and i saw my sister's face, this wail of pain and suffering and surprise threatening to erupt from her mouth and threatening to wake my parents from the long winter's nap for which they had settled. so i did the only thing my little frantic seven year-old brain could think to do to avert this tragedy. and if you have children, you've seen this hundreds of times before. i said, “amy, amy, wait. don't cry. don't cry. did you see how you landed? no human lands on all fours like that. amy, i think this means you're a unicorn.”

(laughter)

now that was cheating, because there was nothing in the world my sister would want more than not to be amy the hurt five year-old little sister, but amy the special unicorn. of course, this was an option that was open to her brain at no point in the past. and you could see how my poor, manipulated sister faced conflict, as her little brain attempted to devote resources to feeling the pain and suffering and surprise she just e_perienced, or contemplating her new-found identity as a unicorn. and the latter won out. instead of crying, instead of ceasing our play, instead of waking my parents, with all the negative consequences that would have ensued for me, instead a smile spread across her face and she scrambled right back up onto the bunk bed with all the grace of a baby unicorn ... (laughter) ... with one broken leg.

what we stumbled across at this tender age of just five and seven -- we had no idea at the time -- was something that was going be at the vanguard of a scientific revolution occurring two decades later in the way that we look at the human brain. what we had stumbled across is something called positive psychology, which is the reason that i'm here today and the reason that i wake up every morning.

when i first started talking about this research outside of academia, out with companies and schools, the very first thing they said to never do is to start your talk with a graph. the very first thing i want to do is start my talk with a graph. this graph looks boring, but this graph is the reason i get e_cited and wake up every morning. and this graph doesn't even mean anything; it's fake data. what we found is --

(laughter)

if i got this data back studying you here in the room, i would be thrilled, because there's very clearly a trend that's going on there, and that means that i can get published, which is all that really matters. the fact that there's one weird red dot that's up above the curve, there's one weirdo in the room -- i know who you are, i saw you earlier -- that's no problem. that's no problem, as most of you know, because i can just delete that dot. i can delete that dot because that's clearly a measurement error. and we know that's a measurement error because it's messing up my data.

so one of the very first things we teach people in economics and statistics and business and psychology courses is how, in a statistically valid way, do we eliminate the weirdos. how do we eliminate the outliers so we can find the line of best fit? which is fantastic if i'm trying to find out how many advil the average person should be taking -- two. but if i'm interested in potential, if i'm interested in your potential, or for happiness or productivity or energy or creativity, what we're doing is we're creating the cult of the average with science.

if i asked a question like, “how fast can a child learn how to read in a classroom?” scientists change the answer to “how fast does the average child learn how to read in that classroom?” and then we tailor the class right towards the average. now if you fall below the average on this curve, then psychologists get thrilled, because that means you're either depressed or you have a disorder, or hopefully both. we're hoping for both because our business model is, if you come into a therapy session with one problem, we want to make sure you leave knowing you have 10, so you keep coming back over and over again. we'll go back into your childhood if necessary, but eventually what we want to do is make you normal again. but normal is merely average.

and what i posit and what positive psychology posits is that if we study what is merely average, we will remain merely average. then instead of deleting those positive outliers, what i intentionally do is come into a population like this one and say, why? why is it that some of you are so high above the curve in terms of your intellectual ability, athletic ability, musical ability, creativity, energy levels, your resiliency in the face of challenge, your sense of humor? whatever it is, instead of deleting you, what i want to do is study you. because maybe we can glean information -- not just how to move people up to the average, but how we can move the entire average up in our companies and schools worldwide.

the reason this graph is important to me is, when i turn on the news, it seems like the majority of the information is not positive, in fact it's negative. most of it's about murder, corruption, diseases, natural disasters. and very quickly, my brain starts to think that's the accurate ratio of negative to positive in the world. what that's doing is creating something called the medical school syndrome -- which, if you know people who've been to medical school, during the first year of medical training, as you read through a list of all the symptoms and diseases that could happen, suddenly you realize you have all of them.

i have a brother in-law named bobo -- which is a whole other story. bobo married amy the unicorn. bobo called me on the phone from yale medical school, and bobo said, “shawn, i have leprosy.” (laughter) which, even at yale, is e_traordinarily rare. but i had no idea how to console poor bobo because he had just gotten over an entire week of menopause.

(laughter)

see what we're finding is it's not necessarily the reality that shapes us, but the lens through which your brain views the world that shapes your reality. and if we can change the lens, not only can we change your happiness, we can change every single educational and business outcome at the same time.

when i applied to harvard, i applied on a dare. i didn't e_pect to get in, and my family had no money for college. when i got a military scholarship two weeks later, they allowed me to go. suddenly, something that wasn't even a possibility became a reality. when i went there, i assumed everyone else would see it as a privilege as well, that they'd be e_cited to be there. even if you're in a classroom full of people smarter than you, you'd be happy just to be in that classroom, which is what i felt. but what i found there is, while some people e_perience that, when i graduated after my four years and then spent the ne_t eight years living in the dorms with the students -- harvard asked me to; i wasn't that guy. (laughter) i was an officer of harvard to counsel students through the difficult four years. and what i found in my research and my teaching is that these students, no matter how happy they were with their original success of getting into the school, two weeks later their brains were focused, not on the privilege of being there, nor on their philosophy or their physics. their brain was focused on the competition, the workload, the hassles, the stresses, the complaints.

when i first went in there, i walked into the freshmen dining hall, which is where my friends from waco, te_as, which is where i grew up -- i know some of you have heard of it. when they'd come to visit me, they'd look around, they'd say, “this freshman dining hall looks like something out of hogwart's from the movie ”harry potter,“ which it does. this is hogwart's from the movie ”harry potter“ and that's harvard. and when they see this, they say, ”shawn, why do you waste your time studying happiness at harvard? seriously, what does a harvard student possibly have to be unhappy about?“

embedded within that question is the key to understanding the science of happiness. because what that question assumes is that our e_ternal world is predictive of our happiness levels, when in reality, if i know everything about your e_ternal world, i can only predict 10 percent of your long-term happiness. 90 percent of your long-term happiness is predicted not by the e_ternal world, but by the way your brain processes the world. and if we change it, if we change our formula for happiness and success, what we can do is change the way that we can then affect reality. what we found is that only 25 percent of job successes are predicted by i.q. 75 percent of job successes are predicted by your optimism levels, your social support and your ability to see stress as a challenge instead of as a threat.

i talked to a boarding school up in new england, probably the most prestigious boarding school, and they said, ”we already know that. so every year, instead of just teaching our students, we also have a wellness week. and we're so e_cited. monday night we have the world's leading e_pert coming in to speak about adolescent depression. tuesday night it's school violence and bullying. wednesday night is eating disorders. thursday night is elicit drug use. and friday night we're trying to decide between risky se_ or happiness.“ (laughter) i said, ”that's most people's friday nights.“ (laughter) (applause) which i'm glad you liked, but they did not like that at all. silence on the phone. and into the silence, i said, ”i'd be happy to speak at your school, but just so you know, that's not a wellness week, that's a sickness week. what you've done is you've outlined all the negative things that can happen, but not talked about the positive.“

the absence of disease is not health. here's how we get to health: we need to reverse the formula for happiness and success. in the last three years, i've traveled to 45 different countries, working with schools and companies in the midst of an economic downturn. and what i found is that most companies and schools follow a formula for success, which is this: if i work harder, i'll be more successful. and if i'm more successful, then i'll be happier. that undergirds most of our parenting styles, our managing styles, the way that we motivate our behavior.

and the problem is it's scientifically broken and backwards for two reasons. first, every time your brain has a success, you just changed the goalpost of what success looked like. you got good grades, now you have to get better grades, you got into a good school and after you get into a better school, you got a good job, now you have to get a better job, you hit your sales target, we're going to change your sales target. and if happiness is on the opposite side of success, your brain never gets there. what we've done is we've pushed happiness over the cognitive horizon as a society. and that's because we think we have to be successful, then we'll be happier.

but the real problem is our brains work in the opposite order. if you can raise somebody's level of positivity in the present, then their brain e_periences what we now call a happiness advantage, which is your brain at positive performs significantly better than it does at negative, neutral or stressed. your intelligence rises, your creativity rises, your energy levels rise. in fact, what we've found is that every single business outcome improves. your brain at positive is 31 percent more productive than your brain at negative, neutral or stressed. you're 37 percent better at sales. doctors are 19 percent faster, more accurate at coming up with the correct diagnosis when positive instead of negative, neutral or stressed. which means we can reverse the formula. if we can find a way of becoming positive in the present, then our brains work even more successfully as we're able to work harder, faster and more intelligently.

what we need to be able to do is to reverse this formula so we can start to see what our brains are actually capable of. because dopamine, which floods into your system when you're positive, has two functions. not only does it make you happier, it turns on all of the learning centers in your brain allowing you to adapt to the world in a different way.

we've found that there are ways that you can train your brain to be able to become more positive. in just a two-minute span of time done for 21 days in a row, we can actually rewire your brain, allowing your brain to actually work more optimistically and more successfully. we've done these things in research now in every single company that i've worked with, getting them to write down three new things that they're grateful for for 21 days in a row, three new things each day. and at the end of that, their brain starts to retain a pattern of scanning the world, not for the negative, but for the positive first.

journaling about one positive e_perience you've had over the past 24 hours allows your brain to relive it. e_ercise teaches your brain that your behavior matters. we find that meditation allows your brain to get over the cultural adhd that we've been creating by trying to do multiple tasks at once and allows our brains to focus on the task at hand. and finally, random acts of kindness are conscious acts of kindness. we get people, when they open up their inbo_, to write one positive email praising or thanking somebody in their social support network.

and by doing these activities and by training your brain just like we train our bodies, what we've found is we can reverse the formula for happiness and success, and in doing so, not only create ripples of positivity, but create a real revolution.

thank you very much.

(applause)

篇13：ted演讲稿精选

I was one of the only kids in college who had a reason to go to the P.O. bo_ at the end of the day, and that was mainly because my mother has never believed in email, in Facebook, in te_ting or cell phones in general. And so while other kids were BBM-ing their parents, I was literally waiting by the mailbo_ to get a letter from home to see how the weekend had gone, which was a little frustrating when Grandma was in the hospital, but I was just looking for some sort of scribble, some unkempt cursive from my mother.

And so when I moved to New York City after college and got completely sucker-punched in the face by depression, I did the only thing I could think of at the time. I wrote those same kinds of letters that my mother had written me for strangers, and tucked them all throughout the city, dozens and dozens of them. I left them everywhere, in cafes and in libraries, at the U.N., everywhere. I blogged about those letters and the days when they were necessary, and I posed a kind of crazy promise to the Internet: that if you asked me for a hand-written letter, I would write you one, no questions asked. Overnight, my inbo_ morphed into this harbor of heartbreak -- a single mother in Sacramento, a girl being bullied in rural Kansas, all asking me, a 22-year-old girl who barely even knew her own coffee order, to write them a love letter and give them a reason to wait by the mailbo_.

Well, today I fuel a global organization that is fueled by those trips to the mailbo_, fueled by the ways in which we can harness social media like never before to write and mail strangers letters when they need them most, but most of all, fueled by crates of mail like this one, my trusty mail crate, filled with the scriptings of ordinary people, strangers writing letters to other strangers not because they're ever going to meet and laugh over a cup of coffee, but because they have found one another by way of letter-writing.

But, you know, the thing that always gets me about these letters is that most of them have been written by people that have never known themselves loved on a piece of paper. They could not tell you about the ink of their own love letters. They're the ones from my generation, the ones of us that have grown up into a world where everything is paperless, and where some of our best conversations have happened upon a screen. We have learned to diary our pain onto Facebook, and we speak swiftly in 140 characters or less.

But what if it's not about efficiency this time? I was on the subway yesterday with this mail crate, which is a conversation starter, let me tell you. If you ever need one, just carry one of these. (Laughter) And a man just stared at me, and he was like, ”Well, why don't you use the Internet?“ And I thought, ”Well, sir, I am not a strategist, nor am I specialist. I am merely a storyteller.“ And so I could tell you about a woman whose husband has just come home from Afghanistan, and she is having a hard time unearthing this thing called conversation, and so she tucks love letters throughout the house as a way to say, ”Come back to me. Find me when you can.“ Or a girl who decides that she is going to leave love letters around her campus in Dubuque, Iowa, only to find her efforts ripple-effected the ne_t day when she walks out onto the quad and finds love letters hanging from the trees, tucked in the bushes and the benches. Or the man who decides that he is going to take his life, uses Facebook as a way to say goodbye to friends and family. Well, tonight he sleeps safely with a stack of letters just like this one tucked beneath his pillow, scripted by strangers who were there for him when.

These are the kinds of stories that convinced me that letter-writing will never again need to flip back her hair and talk about efficiency, because she is an art form now, all the parts of her, the signing, the scripting, the mailing, the doodles in the margins. The mere fact that somebody would even just sit down, pull out a piece of paper and think about someone the whole way through, with an intention that is so much harder to unearth when the browser is up and the iPhone is pinging and we've got si_ conversations rolling in at once, that is an art form that does not fall down to the Goliath of ”get faster,“ no matter how many social networks we might join. We still clutch close these letters to our chest, to the words that speak louder than loud, when we turn pages into palettes to say the things that we have needed to say, the words that we have needed to write, to sisters and brothers and even to strangers, for far too long. Thank you.

篇14：ted演讲稿精选

when i was nine years old i went off to summer camp for the first time. and my mother packed me a suitcase full of books, which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do. because in my family, reading was the primary group activity. and this might sound antisocial to you, but for us it was really just a different way of being social. you have the animal warmth of your family sitting right ne_t to you, but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind. and i had this idea that camp was going to be just like this, but better. (laughter) i had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.

当我九岁的时候 我第一次去参加夏令营 我妈妈帮我整理好了我的行李箱 里面塞满了书 这对于我来说是一件极为自然的事情 因为在我的家庭里 阅读是主要的家庭活动 听上去你们可能觉得我们是不爱交际的 但是对于我的家庭来说这真的只是接触社会的另一种途径 你们有自己家庭接触时的温暖亲情 家人静坐在你身边 但是你也可以自由地漫游 在你思维深处的冒险乐园里我有一个想法 野营会变得像这样子，当然要更好些 (笑声) 我想象到十个女孩坐在一个小屋里 都穿着合身的女式睡衣惬意地享受着读书的过程

(laughter)

(笑声)

camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol. and on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit. and it went like this: ”r-o-w-d-i-e, that's the way we spell rowdie. rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie.“ yeah. so i couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy, or why we had to spell this word incorrectly. (laughter) but i recited a cheer. i recited a cheer along with everybody else. i did my best. and i just waited for the time that i could go off and read my books.

野营这时更像是一个不提供酒水的派对聚会 在第一天的时候呢 我们的顾问把我们都集合在一起 并且她教会了我们一种今后要用到的庆祝方式 在余下夏令营的每一天中 让“露营精神”浸润我们 之后它就像这样继续着 r-o-w-d-i-e 这是我们拼写“吵闹”的口号 我们唱着“噪音，喧闹，我们要变得吵一点” 对，就是这样 可我就是弄不明白我的生活会是什么样的 为什么我们变得这么吵闹粗暴 或者为什么我们非要把这个单词错误地拼写 (笑声) 但是我可没有忘记庆祝。我与每个人都互相欢呼庆祝了 我尽了我最大的努力 我只是想等待那一刻 我可以离开吵闹的聚会去捧起我挚爱的书

but the first time that i took my book out of my suitcase, the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me, “why are you being so mellow?” -- mellow, of course, being the e_act opposite of r-o-w-d-i-e. and then the second time i tried it, the counselor came up to me with a concerned e_pression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.

但是当我第一次把书从行李箱中拿出来的时候 床铺中最酷的那个女孩向我走了过来 并且她问我：“为什么你要这么安静?” 安静，当然，是r-o-w-d-i-e的反义词 “喧闹”的反义词 而当我第二次拿书的时候 我们的顾问满脸忧虑的向我走了过来 接着她重复了关于“露营精神”的要点并且说我们都应当努力 去变得外向些

and so i put my books away, back in their suitcase, and i put them under my bed, and there they stayed for the rest of the summer. and i felt kind of guilty about this. i felt as if the books needed me somehow, and they were calling out to me and i was forsaking them.but i did forsake them and i didn't open that suitcase again until i was back home with my family at the end of the summer.

于是我放好我的书 放回了属于它们的行李箱中 并且我把它们放到了床底下 在那里它们度过了暑假余下的每一天 我对这样做感到很愧疚 不知为什么我感觉这些书是需要我的 它们在呼唤我，但是我却放弃了它们 我确实放下了它们，并且我再也没有打开那个箱子 直到我和我的家人一起回到家中 在夏末的时候

now, i tell you this story about summer camp. i could have told you 50 others just like it --all the times that i got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of beingwas not necessarily the right way to go, that i should be trying to pass as more of an e_trovert. and i always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty e_cellent just as they were. but for years i denied this intuition, and so i became a wall street lawyer, of all things, instead of the writer that i had always longed to be -- partly because i needed to prove to myself that i could be bold and assertive too. and i was always going off to crowded bars when i really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends. and i made these self-negating choices so refle_ively, that i wasn't even aware that i was making them.

现在，我向你们讲述这个夏令营的故事 我完全可以给你们讲出其他50种版本就像这个一样的故事-- 每当我感觉到这样的时候 它告诉我出于某种原因，我的宁静和内向的风格 并不是正确道路上的必需品 我应该更多地尝试一个外向者的角色 而在我内心深处感觉得到，这是错误的内向的人们都是非常优秀的，确实是这样 但是许多年来我都否认了这种直觉 于是我首先成为了华尔街的一名律师 而不是我长久以来想要成为的一名作家 一部分原因是因为我想要证明自己 也可以变得勇敢而坚定 并且我总是去那些拥挤的酒吧 当我只是想要和朋友们吃一顿愉快的晚餐时 我做出了这些自我否认的抉择 如条件反射一般 甚至我都不清楚我做出了这些决定

now this is what many introverts do, and it's our loss for sure, but it is also our colleagues' loss and our communities' loss. and at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss. because when it comes to creativity and to leadership, we need introverts doing what they do best. a third to a half of the population are introverts -- a third to a half. so that's one out of every two or three people you know. so even if you're an e_trovert yourself, i'm talking about your coworkers and your spouses and your childrenand the person sitting ne_t to you right now -- all of them subject to this bias that is pretty deep and real in our society. we all internalize it from a very early age without even having a language for what we're doing.

这就是很多内向的人正在做的事情 这当然是我们的损失 但这同样也是同事们的损失 我们所在团队集体的损失 当然，冒着被指为夸大其词的风险我想说，更是世界的损失 因为当涉及创造和领导的时候 我们需要内向的人做到最好 三分之一到二分之一的人都是内向的-- 三分之一到二分之一 你要知道这可意味着每两到三个人中就有一个内向的 所以即使你自己是一个外向的人 我正在说你的同事 和你的配偶和你的孩子 还有现在正坐在你旁边的那个家伙-- 他们都要屈从于这样的偏见 一种在我们的社会中已经扎根的现实偏见 我们从很小的时候就把它藏在内心最深处 甚至都不说几句话，关于我们正在做的事情。

now to see the bias clearly you need to understand what introversion is. it's different from being shy. shyness is about fear of social judgment. introversion is more about, how do you respond to stimulation, including social stimulation. so e_troverts really crave large amounts of stimulation, whereas introverts feel at their most alive and their most switched-on and their most capable when they're in quieter, more low-key environments.not all the time -- these things aren't absolute -- but a lot of the time. so the key then to ma_imizing our talents is for us all to put ourselves in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.

现在让我们来清楚地看待这种偏见 我们需要真正了解“内向”到底指什么 它和害羞是不同的 害羞是对于社会评论的恐惧 内向更多的是 你怎样对于刺激作出回应 包括来自社会的刺激 其实内向的人是很渴求大量的鼓舞和激励的 反之内向者最感觉到他们的存在 这是他们精力最充足的时候，最具有能力的时候 当他们存在于更安静的，更低调的环境中 并不是所有时候--这些事情都不是绝对的-- 但是存在于很多时候 所以说，关键在于 把我们的天赋发挥到最大化 这对于我们来说就足够把我们自己 放到对于我们正确又合适的激励的区域中去

but now here's where the bias comes in. our most important institutions, our schools and our workplaces, they are designed mostly for e_troverts and for e_troverts' need for lots of stimulation. and also we have this belief system right now that i call the new groupthink,which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious place.

但是现在偏见出现了 我们最重要的那些体系 我们的学校和工作单位 它们都是为性格外向者设计的 并且有适合他们需要的刺激和鼓励 当然我们现在也有这样一种信用机制 我称它为新型的“团队思考” 这是一种包含所有创造力和生产力的思考方式 从一个社交非常零散的地方产生的

so if you picture the typical classroom nowadays: when i was going to school, we sat in rows. we sat in rows of desks like this, and we did most of our work pretty autonomously.but nowadays, your typical classroom has pods of desks -- four or five or si_ or seven kids all facing each other. and kids are working in countless group assignments. even in subjects like math and creative writing, which you think would depend on solo flights of thought, kids are now e_pected to act as committee members. and for the kids who preferto go off by themselves or just to work alone, those kids are seen as outliers often or, worse, as problem cases. and the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an e_trovert as opposed to an introvert, even though introverts actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable, according to research. (laughter)

当你描绘今天典型教室的图案时 当我还上学的时候 我们一排排地坐着 我们靠着桌子一排排坐着就像这样 并且我们大多数工作都是自觉完成的 但是在现代社会，所谓典型的教室 是些圈起来并排的桌子-- 四个或是五个或是六、七个孩子坐在一起，面对面 孩子们要完成无数个小组任务 甚至像数学和创意写作这些课程 这些你们认为需要依靠个人闪光想法的课程 孩子们现在却被期待成为小组会的成员 对于那些喜欢 独处，或者自己一个人工作的孩子来说 这些孩子常常被视为局外人 或者更糟，被视为问题孩子 并且很大一部分老师的报告中都相信 最理想的学生应该是外向的 相对于内向的学生而言 甚至说外向的学生能够取得更好的成绩 更加博学多识据研究报道 (笑声)

okay, same thing is true in our workplaces. now, most of us work in open plan offices,without walls, where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers. and when it comes to leadership, introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions,even though introverts tend to be very careful, much less likely to take outsize risks --which is something we might all favor nowadays. and interesting research by adam grant at the wharton school has found that introverted leaders often deliver better outcomes than e_troverts do, because when they are managing proactive employees, they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas, whereas an e_trovert can, quite unwittingly, get so e_cited about things that they're putting their own stamp on things, and other people's ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface.

好了。同样的事情也发生在我们工作的地方 现在呢，我们中的绝大多数都工作在宽阔没有隔间的办公室里 甚至没有墙 在这里，我们暴露 在不断的噪音和我们同事的凝视目光下工作 而当谈及领袖气质的时候 内向的人总是按照惯例从领导的位置被忽视了 尽管内向的人是非常小心仔细的 很少去冒特大的风险-- 这些风险是今天我们可能都喜欢的 宾夕法尼亚大学沃顿商学院的亚当·格兰特教授做了一项很有意思的研究 这项研究表明内向的领导们 相对于外向领导而言总是会生产更大的效益 因为当他们管理主动积极的雇员的时候 他们更倾向于让有主见的雇员去自由发挥 反之外向的领导就可能，当然是不经意的 对于事情变得十分激动 他们在事务上有了自己想法的印迹 这使其他人的想法可能就不会很容易地 在舞台上发光了

now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts. i'll give you some e_amples. eleanor roosevelt, rosa parks, gandhi -- all these peopled described themselves as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy. and they all took the spotlight, even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to. and this turns out to have a special power all its own, because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm,not because they enjoyed directing others and not out of the pleasure of being looked at;they were there because they had no choice, because they were driven to do what they thought was right.

事实上，历史上一些有改革能力的领袖都是内向的人 我会举一些例子给你们 埃莉诺·罗斯福，罗沙·帕克斯，甘地 -- 所有这些人都把自己描述成 内向，说话温柔甚至是害羞的人 他们仍然站在了聚光灯下 即使他们浑身上下 都感知他们说不要 这证明是一种属于它自身的特殊的力量因为人们都会感觉这些领导者同时是掌舵者 并不是因为他们喜欢指挥别人 抑或是享受众人目光的聚焦 他们处在那个位置因为他们没有选择 因为他们行驶在他们认为正确的道路上

now i think at this point it's important for me to say that i actually love e_troverts. i always like to say some of my best friends are e_troverts, including my beloved husband. and we all fall at different points, of course, along the introvert/e_trovert spectrum. even carl jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms, said that there's no such thing as a pure introvert or a pure e_trovert. he said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum, if he e_isted at all. and some people fall smack in the middle of the introvert/e_trovert spectrum, and we call these people ambiverts. and i often think that they have the best of all worlds. but many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.

现在我觉得对于这点我有必要说 那就是我真的喜爱外向的人 我总是喜欢说我最好的几个朋友都是外向的人 包括我亲爱的丈夫 当然了我们都会在不同点时偏向 内向者/外向者的范围 甚至是卡尔·荣格，这个让这些名词为大众所熟知的心理学家，说道 世上绝没有一个纯粹的内向的人 或者一个纯粹的外向的人 他说这样的人会在精神病院里 如果他存在的话 还有一些人处在中间的迹象 在内向与外向之间 我们称这些人为“中向性格者” 并且我总是认为他们拥有世界最美好的一切 但是我们中的大多数总是认为自己属于内向或者外向，其中一类

and what i'm saying is that culturally we need a much better balance. we need more of a yin and yang between these two types. this is especially important when it comes to creativity and to productivity, because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people, what they find are people who are very good at e_changing ideas and advancing ideas, but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.

同时我想说从文化意义上讲我们需要一种更好的平衡 我们需要更多的阴阳的平衡 在这两种类型的人之间 这点是极为重要的 当涉及创造力和生产力的时候 因为当心理学家们看待 最有创造力的人的生命的时候 他们寻找到的 是那些擅长变换思维的人 提出想法的人 但是他们同时也有着极为显著的偏内向的痕迹

and this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often to creativity. so darwin, he took long walks alone in the woods and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations.theodor geisel, better known as dr. seuss, he dreamed up many of his amazing creations in a lonely bell tower office that he had in the back of his house in la jolla, california. and he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books for fear that they were e_pecting him this kind of jolly santa claus-like figure and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona. steve wozniak invented the first apple computer sitting alone in his cubical in hewlett-packard where he was working at the time. and he says that he never would have become such an e_pert in the first place had he not been too introverted to leave the house when he was growing up.

这是因为独处是非常关键的因素 对于创造力来说 所以达尔文 自己一个人漫步在小树林里 并且断然拒绝了晚餐派对的邀约 西奥多·盖索，更多时候以苏索博士的名号知名 他梦想过很多的惊人的创作 在他在加利福尼亚州拉霍亚市房子的后面的 一座孤独的束层的塔形办公室中 而且其实他很害怕见面 见那些读过他的书的年轻的孩子们 害怕他们会期待他 这样一位令人愉快的，圣诞老人形象的人物 同时又会因发现他含蓄缄默的性格而失望 史蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克发明了第一台苹果电脑 一个人独自坐在他的机柜旁 在他当时工作的惠普公司 并且他说他永远不会在那方面成为一号专家 但他还没因太内向到要离开那里 那个他成长起来的地方

now of course, this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating -- and case in point, is steve wozniak famously coming together with steve jobs to start apple computer -- but it does mean that solitude matters and that for some people it is the air that they breathe. and in fact, we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude. it's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it. if you look at most of the world's major religions, you will find seekers -- moses, jesus, buddha, muhammad --seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations that they then bring back to the rest of the community. so no wilderness, no revelations.

当然了 这并不意味着我们都应该停止合作-- 恰当的例子呢，是史蒂夫·沃兹尼亚克和史蒂夫·乔布斯的著名联手 创建苹果电脑公司-- 但是这并不意味着和独处有重大关系 并且对于一些人来说 这是他们赖以呼吸生存的空气 事实上，几个世纪以来我们已经非常明白 独处的卓越力量只是到了最近，非常奇怪，我们开始遗忘它了 如果你看看世界上主要的宗教 你会发现探寻者-- 摩西，耶稣，佛祖，穆罕默德 -- 那些独身去探寻的人们 在大自然的旷野中独处，思索 在那里，他们有了深刻的顿悟和对于奥义的揭示 之后他们把这些思想带回到社会的其他地方去没有旷原，没有启示

this is no surprise though if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology. it turns out that we can't even be in a group of people without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions. even about seemingly personal and visceral things like who you're attracted to, you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you without even realizing that that's what you're doing.

尽管这并不令人惊讶 如果你注意到现代心理学的思想理论 它反映出来我们甚至不能和一组人待在一起 而不去本能地模仿他们的意见与想法 甚至是看上去私人的，发自内心的事情 像是你被谁所吸引 你会开始模仿你周围的人的信仰 甚至都觉察不到你自己在做什么

and groups famously follow the opinions of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room, even though there's zero correlation between being the best talker and having the best ideas -- i mean zero. so ... (laughter) you might be following the person with the best ideas, but you might not. and do you really want to leave it up to chance? much better for everybody to go off by themselves, generate their own ideas freed from the distortions of group dynamics, and then come together as a team to talk them through in a well-managed environment and take it from there.

还曾跟随群体的意见 跟随着房间里最具有统治力的，最有领袖气质的人的思路 虽然这真的没什么关系 在成为一个卓越的演讲家还是拥有最好的主意之间-- 我的意思是“零相关” 那么...(笑声) 你们或许会跟随有最好头脑的人 但是你们也许不会 可你们真的想把这机会扔掉吗?如果每个人都自己行动或许好得多 发掘他们自己的想法 没有群体动力学的曲解 接着来到一起组成一个团队 在一个良好管理的环境中互相交流 并且在那里学习别的思想

now if all this is true, then why are we getting it so wrong? why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces? and why are we making these introverts feel so guilty about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time? one answer lies deep in our cultural history. western societies, and in particular the u.s., have always favored the man of action over the man of contemplation and “man” of contemplation. but in america's early days, we lived in what historians call a culture of character, where we still, at that point, valued people for their inner selves and their moral rectitude. and if you look at the self-help books from this era, they all had titles with things like “character, the grandest thing in the world.” and they featured role models like abraham lincoln who was praised for being modest and unassuming. ralph waldo emerson called him “a man who does not offend by superiority.”

如果说现在这一切都是真的 那么为什么我们还得到这样错误的结论? 为什么我们要这样创立我们的学校，还有我们的工作单位? 为什么我们要让这些内向的人觉得那么愧疚 。对于他们只是想要离开，一个人独处一段时间的事实? 有一个答案在我们的文化史中埋藏已久 西方社会特别是在美国 总是偏爱有行动的人 而不是有深刻思考的人 有深刻思考的“人” 但是在美国早期的时候 我们生活在一个被历史学家称作“性格特征”的文化 那时我们仍然，在这点上，判断人们的价值 从人们的内涵和道义正直 而且如果你看一看这个时代关于自立的书籍的话 它们都有这样一种标题： “性格”，世界上最伟大的事物 并且它们以亚伯拉罕·林肯这样的为标榜 一个被形容为谦虚低调的男人 拉尔夫·瓦尔多·爱默生称他是 “一个以‘优越’二形容都不为过的人”

but then we hit the 20th century and we entered a new culture that historians call the culture of personality. what happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy to a world of big business. and so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities.and instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives, now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers. so, quite understandably, qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important. and sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs and they start to have names like “how to win friends and influence people.” and they feature as their role models really great salesmen. so that's the world we're living in today. that's our cultural inheritance.

但是接着我们来到了二十世纪 并且我们融入了一种新的文化 一种被历史学家称作“个性”的文化 所发生的改变就是我们从农业经济发展为 一个大商业经济的世界 而且人们突然开始搬迁从小的城镇搬向城市 并且一改他们之前的在生活中和所熟识的人们一起工作的方式 现在他们在一群陌生人中间有必要去证明自己 这样做是非常可以理解的 像领袖气质和个人魅力这样的品质 突然间似乎变得极为重要 那么可以肯定的是，自助自立的书的内容变更了以适应这些新的需求 并且它们开始拥有名称 像是《如何赢得朋友和影响他人》(戴尔?卡耐基所著《人性的弱点》) 他们的特点是做自己的榜样 不得不说确实是好的推销员 所以这就是我们今天生活的世界 这是我们的文化遗产

now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant, and i'm also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all. the same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops also teach us love and trust. and the problems that we are facing today in fields like science and in economics are so vast and so comple_ that we are going to need armies of people coming together to solve them working together. but i am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves, the more likely that they are to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.

现在没有谁能够说 社交技能是不重要的 并且我也不是想呼吁 大家废除团队合作模式 但仍是相同的宗教，却把他们的圣人送到了孤独的山顶上 仍然教导我们爱与信任 还有我们今天所要面对的问题 像是在科学和经济领域 是如此的巨大和复杂 以至于我们需要人们强有力地团结起来 共同解决这些问题 但是我想说，越给内向者自由让他们做自己 他们就做得越好 去想出他们独特的关于问题的解决办法

so now i'd like to share with you what's in my suitcase today. guess what? books. i have a suitcase full of books. here's margaret atwood, “cat's eye.” here's a novel by milan kundera. and here's “the guide for the perple_ed” by maimonides. but these are not e_actly my books. i brought these books with me because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.

所以现在我很高兴同你们分享 我手提箱中的东西 猜猜是什么? 书 我有一个手提箱里面装满了书 这是玛格丽特·阿特伍德的《猫的眼睛》 这是一本米兰·昆德拉的书 这是一本《迷途指津》 是迈蒙尼德写的 但这些实际上都不是我的书 我还是带着它们，陪伴着我 因为它们都是我祖父最喜爱的作家所写

my grandfather was a rabbi and he was a widower who lived alone in a small apartment in brooklyn that was my favorite place in the world when i was growing up, partly because it was filled with his very gentle, very courtly presence and partly because it was filled with books. i mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment had yielded its original function to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books. just like the rest of my family, my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.

我的祖父是一名犹太教祭司 他独身一人 在布鲁克林的一间小公寓中居住 那里是我从小到大在这个世界上最喜爱的地方 部分原因是他有着非常温和亲切的，温文尔雅的举止 部分原因是那里充满了书 我的意思是，毫不夸张地说，公寓中的每张桌子，每张椅子 都充分应用着它原有的功能 就是现在作为承载一大堆都在摇曳的书的表面 就像我其他的家庭成员一样 我祖父在这个世界上最喜欢做的事情就是阅读

but he also loved his congregation, and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi. he would takes the fruits of each week's reading and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought. and people would come from all over to hear him speak.

但是他同样也热爱他的宗教 并且你们可以从他的讲述中感觉到他这种爱 这62年来每周他都作为一名犹太教的祭司 他会从每周的阅读中汲取养分 并且他会编织这些错综复杂的古代和人文主义的思想的挂毯 并且人们会从各个地方前来 听他的讲话

but here's the thing about my grandfather. underneath this ceremonial role, he was really modest and really introverted -- so much so that when he delivered these sermons, he had trouble making eye contact with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years. and even away from the podium, when you called him to say hello, he would often end the conversation prematurely for fear that he was taking up too much of your time. but when he died at the age of 94, the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him. and so these days i try to learn from my grandfather's e_ample in my own way.

但是有这么一件关于我祖父的事情 在这个正式的角色下隐藏着 他是一个非常谦虚的非常内向的人 是那么的谦虚内向以至于当他在向人们讲述的时候 他都不敢有视线上的接触 和同样的教堂会众 他已经发言有62年了 甚至都还远离领奖台 当你们让他说“你好”的时候 他总会提早结束这对话 担心他会占用你太多的时间 但是当他94岁去世的时候 警察们需要封锁他所居住的街道邻里 来容纳拥挤的人们 前来哀悼他的人们 这些天来我都试着从我祖父的事例中学习以我自己的方式

so i just published a book about introversion, and it took me about seven years to write.and for me, that seven years was like total bliss, because i was reading, i was writing, i was thinking, i was researching. it was my version of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library. but now all of a sudden my job is very different, and my job is to be out here talking about it, talking about introversion. (laughter) and that's a lot harder for me,because as honored as i am to be here with all of you right now, this is not my natural milieu.

所以我就出版了一本关于内向性格的书 它花了我7年的时间完成它 而对我来说，这七年像是一种极大的喜悦 因为我在阅读，我在写作 我在思考，我在探寻 这是我的版本 对于爷爷一天中几个小时都要独自待在图书馆这件事 但是现在突然间我的工作变得很不同了 我的工作变成了站在这里讲述它 讲述内向的性格 (笑声) 而且这对于我来说是有一点困难的 因为我很荣幸 在现在被你们所有人所倾听 这可不是我自然的文化背景

so i prepared for moments like these as best i could. i spent the last year practicing public speaking every chance i could get. and i call this my “year of speaking dangerously.” (laughter) and that actually helped a lot. but i'll tell you, what helps even more is my sense, my belief, my hope that when it comes to our attitudes to introversion and to quiet and to solitude, we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change. i mean, we are. and so i am going to leave you now with three calls for action for those who share this vision.

所以我准备了一会就像这样 以我所能做到的最好的方式 我花了最近一年的时间练习在公共场合发言 在我能得到的每一个机会中 我把这一年称作我的“危险地发言的一年” (笑声) 而且它的确帮了我很大的忙 但是我要告诉你们一个帮我更大的忙的事情 那就是我的感觉，我的信仰，我的希望 当谈及我们态度的时候 对于内向性格的，对于安静，对于独处的态度时 我们确实是在急剧变化的边缘上保持微妙的平衡 我的意思是，我们在保持平衡 现在我将要给你们留下一些东西 三件对于你们的行动有帮助的事情 献给那些观看我的演讲的人

number one: stop the madness for constant group work. just stop it. (laughter) thank you. (applause) and i want to be clear about what i'm saying, because i deeply believe our offices should be encouraging casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions -- you know, the kind where people come together and serendipitously have an e_change of ideas.that is great. it's great for introverts and it's great for e_troverts. but we need much more privacy and much more freedom and much more autonomy at work. school, same thing.we need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure, but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own. this is especially important for e_troverted children too.they need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part.

第一： 停止对于经常要团队协作的执迷与疯狂 停止它就好了 (笑声) 谢谢你们 (掌声) 我想让我所说的事情变得清晰一些 因为我对于我们的办公深信不疑 应该鼓励它们 那种休闲随意的，聊天似的咖啡厅式的相互作用-- 你们知道的，道不同不相为谋，人们聚到一起 并且互相交换着宝贵的意见 这是很棒的 这对于内向者很好，同样对于外向者也好 但是我们需要更多的隐私和更多的自由 还有更多对于我们本身工作的自主权 对于学校，也是同样的。 我们当然需要教会孩子们要一起学习工作 但是我们同样需要教会孩子们怎么样独立完成任务 这对于外向的孩子们来说同样是极为重要的 他们需要独立完成工作 因为从某种程度上，这是他们深刻思考的来源

okay, number two: go to the wilderness. be like buddha, have your own revelations. i'm not saying that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods and never talk to each other again, but i am saying that we could all stand to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often.

好了，第二个：去到野外(打开思维) 就像佛祖一样，拥有你们自己对于事物的揭示启迪 我并不是说 我们都要跑去小树林里建造我们自己的小屋 并且之后就永远不和别人说话了 但是我要说我们都可以坚持去去除一些障碍物 然后深入我们自己的大脑思想 时不时得再深入一点

number three: take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase and why you put it there. so e_troverts, maybe your suitcases are also full of books. or maybe they're full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment. whatever it is, i hope you take these things out every chance you get and grace us with your energy and your joy. but introverts, you being you, you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully what's inside your own suitcase. and that's okay. but occasionally, just occasionally, i hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see, because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.

第三点： 好好看一眼你的旅行箱内有什么东西 还有你为什么把它放进去 所以外向者们 也许你们的箱子内同样堆满了书 或者它们装满了香槟的玻璃酒杯 或者是跳伞运动的设备 不管它是什么，我希望每当你们有机会你们就把它拿出来 用你的能量和你的快乐让我们感受到美和享受 但是内向者们，你们作为内向者 你们很可能有仔细保护一切的冲动 在你箱子里的东西 这没有问题 但是偶尔地，只是说偶尔地 我希望你们可以打开你们的手提箱，让别人看一看 因为这个世界需要你们，同样需要你们身上所携带的你们特有的事物

so i wish you the best of all possible journeys and the courage to speak softly.

所以对于你们即将走上的所有旅程，我都给予你们我最美好的祝愿 还有温柔地说话的勇气

thank you. thank you.

非常感谢你们!

篇15：ted演讲稿精选

when i was nine years old i went off to summer camp for the first time. and my mother packed me a suitcase full of books, which to me seemed like a perfectly natural thing to do. because in my family, reading was the primary group activity. and this might sound antisocial to you, but for us it was really just a different way of being social. you have the animal warmth of your family sitting right ne_t to you, but you are also free to go roaming around the adventureland inside your own mind. and i had this idea that camp was going to be just like this, but better. (laughter) i had a vision of 10 girls sitting in a cabin cozily reading books in their matching nightgowns.

(laughter)

camp was more like a keg party without any alcohol. and on the very first day our counselor gathered us all together and she taught us a cheer that she said we would be doing every day for the rest of the summer to instill camp spirit. and it went like this: “r-o-w-d-i-e, that's the way we spell rowdie. rowdie, rowdie, let's get rowdie.” yeah. so i couldn't figure out for the life of me why we were supposed to be so rowdy, or why we had to spell this word incorrectly. (laughter) but i recited a cheer. i recited a cheer along with everybody else. i did my best. and i just waited for the time that i could go off and read my books.

but the first time that i took my book out of my suitcase, the coolest girl in the bunk came up to me and she asked me, “why are you being so mellow?” -- mellow, of course, being the e_act opposite of r-o-w-d-i-e. and then the second time i tried it, the counselor came up to me with a concerned e_pression on her face and she repeated the point about camp spirit and said we should all work very hard to be outgoing.

and so i put my books away, back in their suitcase, and i put them under my bed, and there they stayed for the rest of the summer. and i felt kind of guilty about this. i felt as if the books needed me somehow, and they were calling out to me and i was forsaking them. but i did forsake them and i didn't open that suitcase again until i was back home with my family at the end of the summer.

now, i tell you this story about summer camp. i could have told you 50 others just like it -- all the times that i got the message that somehow my quiet and introverted style of being was not necessarily the right way to go, that i should be trying to pass as more of an e_trovert. and i always sensed deep down that this was wrong and that introverts were pretty e_cellent just as they were. but for years i denied this intuition, and so i became a wall street lawyer, of all things, instead of the writer that i had always longed to be -- partly because i needed to prove to myself that i could be bold and assertive too. and i was always going off to crowded bars when i really would have preferred to just have a nice dinner with friends. and i made these self-negating choices so refle_ively, that i wasn't even aware that i was making them.

now this is what many introverts do, and it's our loss for sure, but it is also our colleagues' loss and our communities' loss. and at the risk of sounding grandiose, it is the world's loss. because when it comes to creativity and to leadership, we need introverts doing what they do best. a third to a half of the population are introverts -- a third to a half. so that's one out of every two or three people you know. so even if you're an e_trovert yourself, i'm talking about your coworkers and your spouses and your children and the person sitting ne_t to you right now -- all of them subject to this bias that is pretty deep and real in our society. we all internalize it from a very early age without even having a language for what we're doing.

now to see the bias clearly you need to understand what introversion is. it's different from being shy. shyness is about fear of social judgment. introversion is more about, how do you respond to stimulation, including social stimulation. so e_troverts really crave large amounts of stimulation, whereas introverts feel at their most alive and their most switched-on and their most capable when they're in quieter, more low-key environments. not all the time -- these things aren't absolute -- but a lot of the time. so the key then to ma_imizing our talents is for us all to put ourselves in the zone of stimulation that is right for us.

but now here's where the bias comes in. our most important institutions, our schools and our workplaces, they are designed mostly for e_troverts and for e_troverts' need for lots of stimulation. and also we have this belief system right now that i call the new groupthink, which holds that all creativity and all productivity comes from a very oddly gregarious place.

so if you picture the typical classroom nowadays: when i was going to school, we sat in rows. we sat in rows of desks like this, and we did most of our work pretty autonomously. but nowadays, your typical classroom has pods of desks -- four or five or si_ or seven kids all facing each other. and kids are working in countless group assignments. even in subjects like math and creative writing, which you think would depend on solo flights of thought, kids are now e_pected to act as committee members. and for the kids who prefer to go off by themselves or just to work alone, those kids are seen as outliers often or, worse, as problem cases. and the vast majority of teachers reports believing that the ideal student is an e_trovert as opposed to an introvert, even though introverts actually get better grades and are more knowledgeable, according to research. (laughter)

okay, same thing is true in our workplaces. now, most of us work in open plan offices, without walls, where we are subject to the constant noise and gaze of our coworkers. and when it comes to leadership, introverts are routinely passed over for leadership positions, even though introverts tend to be very careful, much less likely to take outsize risks -- which is something we might all favor nowadays. and interesting research by adam grant at the wharton school has found that introverted leaders often deliver better outcomes than e_troverts do, because when they are managing proactive employees, they're much more likely to let those employees run with their ideas, whereas an e_trovert can, quite unwittingly, get so e_cited about things that they're putting their own stamp on things, and other people's ideas might not as easily then bubble up to the surface.

now in fact, some of our transformative leaders in history have been introverts. i'll give you some e_amples. eleanor roosevelt, rosa parks, gandhi -- all these peopled described themselves as quiet and soft-spoken and even shy. and they all took the spotlight, even though every bone in their bodies was telling them not to. and this turns out to have a special power all its own, because people could feel that these leaders were at the helm, not because they enjoyed directing others and not out of the pleasure of being looked at; they were there because they had no choice, because they were driven to do what they thought was right.

now i think at this point it's important for me to say that i actually love e_troverts. i always like to say some of my best friends are e_troverts, including my beloved husband. and we all fall at different points, of course, along the introvert/e_trovert spectrum. even carl jung, the psychologist who first popularized these terms, said that there's no such thing as a pure introvert or a pure e_trovert. he said that such a man would be in a lunatic asylum, if he e_isted at all. and some people fall smack in the middle of the introvert/e_trovert spectrum, and we call these people ambiverts. and i often think that they have the best of all worlds. but many of us do recognize ourselves as one type or the other.

and what i'm saying is that culturally we need a much better balance. we need more of a yin and yang between these two types. this is especially important when it comes to creativity and to productivity, because when psychologists look at the lives of the most creative people, what they find are people who are very good at e_changing ideas and advancing ideas, but who also have a serious streak of introversion in them.

and this is because solitude is a crucial ingredient often to creativity. so darwin, he took long walks alone in the woods and emphatically turned down dinner party invitations. theodor geisel, better known as dr. seuss, he dreamed up many of his amazing creations in a lonely bell tower office that he had in the back of his house in la jolla, california. and he was actually afraid to meet the young children who read his books for fear that they were e_pecting him this kind of jolly santa claus-like figure and would be disappointed with his more reserved persona. steve wozniak invented the first apple computer sitting alone in his cubical in hewlett-packard where he was working at the time. and he says that he never would have become such an e_pert in the first place had he not been too introverted to leave the house when he was growing up.

now of course, this does not mean that we should all stop collaborating -- and case in point, is steve wozniak famously coming together with steve jobs to start apple computer -- but it does mean that solitude matters and that for some people it is the air that they breathe. and in fact, we have known for centuries about the transcendent power of solitude. it's only recently that we've strangely begun to forget it. if you look at most of the world's major religions, you will find seekers -- moses, jesus, buddha, muhammad -- seekers who are going off by themselves alone to the wilderness where they then have profound epiphanies and revelations that they then bring back to the rest of the community. so no wilderness, no revelations.

this is no surprise though if you look at the insights of contemporary psychology. it turns out that we can't even be in a group of people without instinctively mirroring, mimicking their opinions. even about seemingly personal and visceral things like who you're attracted to, you will start aping the beliefs of the people around you without even realizing that that's what you're doing.

and groups famously follow the opinions of the most dominant or charismatic person in the room, even though there's zero correlation between being the best talker and having the best ideas -- i mean zero. so ... (laughter) you might be following the person with the best ideas, but you might not. and do you really want to leave it up to chance? much better for everybody to go off by themselves, generate their own ideas freed from the distortions of group dynamics, and then come together as a team to talk them through in a well-managed environment and take it from there.

now if all this is true, then why are we getting it so wrong? why are we setting up our schools this way and our workplaces? and why are we making these introverts feel so guilty about wanting to just go off by themselves some of the time? one answer lies deep in our cultural history. western societies, and in particular the u.s., have always favored the man of action over the man of contemplation and “man” of contemplation. but in america's early days, we lived in what historians call a culture of character, where we still, at that point, valued people for their inner selves and their moral rectitude. and if you look at the self-help books from this era, they all had titles with things like “character, the grandest thing in the world.” and they featured role models like abraham lincoln who was praised for being modest and unassuming. ralph waldo emerson called him “a man who does not offend by superiority.”

but then we hit the 20th century and we entered a new culture that historians call the culture of personality. what happened is we had evolved an agricultural economy to a world of big business. and so suddenly people are moving from small towns to the cities. and instead of working alongside people they've known all their lives, now they are having to prove themselves in a crowd of strangers. so, quite understandably, qualities like magnetism and charisma suddenly come to seem really important. and sure enough, the self-help books change to meet these new needs and they start to have names like “how to win friends and influence people.” and they feature as their role models really great salesmen. so that's the world we're living in today. that's our cultural inheritance.

now none of this is to say that social skills are unimportant, and i'm also not calling for the abolishing of teamwork at all. the same religions who send their sages off to lonely mountain tops also teach us love and trust. and the problems that we are facing today in fields like science and in economics are so vast and so comple_ that we are going to need armies of people coming together to solve them working together. but i am saying that the more freedom that we give introverts to be themselves, the more likely that they are to come up with their own unique solutions to these problems.

so now i'd like to share with you what's in my suitcase today. guess what? books. i have a suitcase full of books. here's margaret atwood, “cat's eye.” here's a novel by milan kundera. and here's “the guide for the perple_ed” by maimonides. but these are not e_actly my books. i brought these books with me because they were written by my grandfather's favorite authors.

my grandfather was a rabbi and he was a widower who lived alone in a small apartment in brooklyn that was my favorite place in the world when i was growing up, partly because it was filled with his very gentle, very courtly presence and partly because it was filled with books. i mean literally every table, every chair in this apartment had yielded its original function to now serve as a surface for swaying stacks of books. just like the rest of my family, my grandfather's favorite thing to do in the whole world was to read.

but he also loved his congregation, and you could feel this love in the sermons that he gave every week for the 62 years that he was a rabbi. he would takes the fruits of each week's reading and he would weave these intricate tapestries of ancient and humanist thought. and people would come from all over to hear him speak.

but here's the thing about my grandfather. underneath this ceremonial role, he was really modest and really introverted -- so much so that when he delivered these sermons, he had trouble making eye contact with the very same congregation that he had been speaking to for 62 years. and even away from the podium, when you called him to say hello, he would often end the conversation prematurely for fear that he was taking up too much of your time. but when he died at the age of 94, the police had to close down the streets of his neighborhood to accommodate the crowd of people who came out to mourn him. and so these days i try to learn from my grandfather's e_ample in my own way.

so i just published a book about introversion, and it took me about seven years to write. and for me, that seven years was like total bliss, because i was reading, i was writing, i was thinking, i was researching. it was my version of my grandfather's hours of the day alone in his library. but now all of a sudden my job is very different, and my job is to be out here talking about it, talking about introversion. (laughter) and that's a lot harder for me, because as honored as i am to be here with all of you right now, this is not my natural milieu.

so i prepared for moments like these as best i could. i spent the last year practicing public speaking every chance i could get. and i call this my “year of speaking dangerously.” (laughter) and that actually helped a lot. but i'll tell you, what helps even more is my sense, my belief, my hope that when it comes to our attitudes to introversion and to quiet and to solitude, we truly are poised on the brink on dramatic change. i mean, we are. and so i am going to leave you now with three calls for action for those who share this vision.

number one: stop the madness for constant group work. just stop it. (laughter) thank you. (applause) and i want to be clear about what i'm saying, because i deeply believe our offices should be encouraging casual, chatty cafe-style types of interactions -- you know, the kind where people come together and serendipitously have an e_change of ideas. that is great. it's great for introverts and it's great for e_troverts. but we need much more privacy and much more freedom and much more autonomy at work. school, same thing. we need to be teaching kids to work together, for sure, but we also need to be teaching them how to work on their own. this is especially important for e_troverted children too. they need to work on their own because that is where deep thought comes from in part.

okay, number two: go to the wilderness. be like buddha, have your own revelations. i'm not saying that we all have to now go off and build our own cabins in the woods and never talk to each other again, but i am saying that we could all stand to unplug and get inside our own heads a little more often.

number three: take a good look at what's inside your own suitcase and why you put it there. so e_troverts, maybe your suitcases are also full of books. or maybe they're full of champagne glasses or skydiving equipment. whatever it is, i hope you take these things out every chance you get and grace us with your energy and your joy. but introverts, you being you, you probably have the impulse to guard very carefully what's inside your own suitcase. and that's okay. but occasionally, just occasionally, i hope you will open up your suitcases for other people to see, because the world needs you and it needs the things you carry.

so i wish you the best of all possible journeys and the courage to speak softly.

thank you very much.

(applause)

thank you. thank you.

篇16：ted演讲稿精选

拥抱他人，拥抱自己

embracing otherness. when i first heard this theme, i thought, well, embracing otherness is embracing myself. and the journey to that place of understanding and acceptance has been an interesting one for me, and it's given me an insight into the whole notion of self, which i think is worth sharing with you today.

拥抱他类。当我第一次听说这个主题时，我心想，拥抱他类不就是拥抱自己吗。我个人懂得理解和接受他类的经历很有趣，让我对于“自己”这个词也有了新的认识，我想今天在这里和你们分享下我的心得体会。

we each have a self, but i don't think that we're born with one. you know how newborn babies believe they're part of everything; they're not separate? well that fundamental sense of oneness is lost on us very quickly. it's like that initial stage is over -- oneness: infancy, unformed, primitive. it's no longer valid or real. what is real is separateness, and at some point in early babyhood, the idea of self starts to form. our little portion of oneness is given a name, is told all kinds of things about itself, and these details, opinions and ideas become facts, which go towards building ourselves, our identity. and that self becomes the vehicle for navigating our social world. but the self is a projection based on other people's projections. is it who we really are? or who we really want to be, or should be?

我们每个人都有个自我，但并不是生来就如此的。你知道新生的宝宝们觉得他们是任何东西的一部分，而不是分裂的个体。这种本源上的“天人合一”感在我们出生后很快就不见了，就好像我们人生的第一个 篇章--和谐统一：婴儿，未成形，原始--结束了。它们似幻似影，而现实的世界是孤独彼此分离的。而在孩童期的某段时间，我们开始形成自我这个观点。宇宙中的小小个体有了自己的名字，有了自己的过去等等各种信息。这些关于自己的细节，看法和观点慢慢变成事实，成为我们身份的一部分。而那个自我，也变成我们人生路上前行的导航仪。然后，这个所谓的自我，是他人自我的映射，还是我们真实的自己呢?我们究竟想成为什么样，应该成为什么样的呢?

so this whole interaction with self and identity was a very difficult one for me growing up. the self that i attempted to take out into the world was rejected over and over again. and my panic at not having a self that fit, and the confusion that came from my self being rejected, created an_iety, shame and hopelessness, which kind of defined me for a long time. but in retrospect, the destruction of my self was so repetitive that i started to see a pattern. the self changed, got affected, broken, destroyed, but another one would evolve -- sometimes stronger, sometimes hateful, sometimes not wanting to be there at all. the self was not constant. and how many times would my self have to die before i realized that it was never alive in the first place?

这个和自我打交道，寻找自己身份的过程在我的成长记忆中一点都不容易。我想成为的那些“自我”不断被否定再否定，而我害怕自己无法融入周遭的环境，因被否定而引起的困惑让我变得更加忧虑，感到羞耻和无望，在很长一段时间就是我存在状态。然而回头看，对自我的解构是那么频繁，以至于我发现了这样一种规律。自我是变化的，受他人影响，分裂或被打败，而另一个自我会产生，这个自我可能更坚强，可能更可憎，有时你也不想变成那样。所谓自我不是固定不变的。而我需要经历多少次自我的破碎重生才会明白其实自我从来没有存在过?

i grew up on the coast of england in the '70s. my dad is white from cornwall, and my mom is black from zimbabwe. even the idea of us as a family was challenging to most people. but nature had its wicked way, and brown babies were born. but from about the age of five, i was aware that i didn't fit. i was the black atheist kid in the all-white catholic school run by nuns. i was an anomaly, and my self was rooting around for definition and trying to plug in. because the self likes to fit, to see itself replicated, to belong. that confirms its e_istence and its importance. and it is important. it has an e_tremely important function. without it, we literally can't interface with others. we can't hatch plans and climb that stairway of popularity, of success. but my skin color wasn't right. my hair wasn't right. my history wasn't right. my self became defined by otherness, which meant that, in that social world, i didn't really e_ist. and i was “other” before being anything else -- even before being a girl. i was a noticeable nobody.

我在70年代英格兰海边长大，我的父亲是康沃尔的白人，母亲是津巴布韦的黑人。而想象我和父母是一家人对于其他人来说总是不太自然。自然有它自己的魔术，棕色皮肤的宝宝诞生了。但 从我五岁开始，我就有种感觉我不是这个群体的。我是一个全白人天主教会学校里面黑皮肤无神论小孩。我与他人是不同的，而那个热衷于归属的自我却到处寻找方式寻找归属感。这种认同感让自我感受到存在感和重要性，因此十分重要。这点是如此重要，如果没有自我，我们根本无法与他人沟通。没有它，我们无所适从，无法获取成功或变得受人欢迎。但我的肤色不对，我的头发不对，我的过去不对，我的一切都是另类定义的，在这个社会里，我其实并不真实存在。我首先是个异类，其次才是个女孩。我是可见却毫无意义的人。

another world was opening up around this time: performance and dancing. that nagging dread of self-hood didn't e_ist when i was dancing. i'd literally lose myself. and i was a really good dancer. i would put all my emotional e_pression into my dancing. i could be in the movement in a way that i wasn't able to be in my real life, in myself.

这时候，另一个世界向我敞开了大门：舞蹈表演。那种关于自我的唠叨恐惧在舞蹈时消失了，我放开四肢，也成为了一位不错的舞者。我将所有的情绪都融入到舞蹈的动作中去，我可以在舞蹈中与自己相溶，尽管在现实生活中却无法做到。

and at 16, i stumbled across another opportunity, and i earned my first acting role in a film. i can hardly find the words to describe the peace i felt when i was acting. my dysfunctional self could actually plug in to another self, not my own, and it felt so good. it was the first time that i e_isted inside a fully-functioning self -- one that i controlled, that i steered, that i gave life to. but the shooting day would end, and i'd return to my gnarly, awkward self.

16岁的时候，我遇到了另一个机会，第一部参演的电影。我无法用语言来表达在演戏的时候我所感受到的平和，我无处着落的自我可以与那个角色融为一体，而不是我自己。那感觉真棒。这是第一次我感觉到我拥有一个自我，我可以驾驭，令其富有盛名的自我。然而当拍摄结束，我又会回到自己粗糙不明，笨拙的自我。

by 19, i was a fully-fledged movie actor, but still searching for definition. i applied to read anthropology at university. dr. phyllis lee gave me my interview, and she asked me, “how would you define race?” well, i thought i had the answer to that one, and i said, “skin color.” “so biology, genetics?” she said. “because, thandie, that's not accurate. because there's actually more genetic difference between a black kenyan and a black ugandan than there is between a black kenyan and, say, a white norwegian. because we all stem from africa. so in africa, there's been more time to create genetic diversity.” in other words, race has no basis in biological or scientific fact. on the one hand, result. right? on the other hand, my definition of self just lost a huge chunk of its credibility. but what was credible, what is biological and scientific fact, is that we all stem from africa -- in fact, from a woman called mitochondrial eve who lived 160,000 years ago. and race is an illegitimate concept which our selves have created based on fear and ignorance.

19岁的时候，我已经是富有经验的专业电影演员，而我还是在寻找自我的定义。我申请了大学的人类学专业。phyllis lee博士面试了我，她问我：“你怎么定义种族?”我觉得我很了解这个话题，我说：“肤色。”“那么生物上来说呢，例如遗传基因?”她说，“thandie 肤色并不全面，其实一个肯尼亚黑人和乌干达黑人之间基因差异比一个肯尼亚黑人和挪威白人之间差异要更多。因为我们都是从非洲来的，所以在非洲，基因变异演化的时间是最久的。”换句话说，种族在生物学或任何科学上都没有事实根据。另一方面，我对于自我的定义瞬时失去了一大片基础。 但那就是生物学事实，我们都是非洲后裔，一位在160 0__年前的伟大女性mitochondrial eve的后人。而种族这个无效的概念是我们基于恐惧和无知自己捏造出来的。

strangely, these revelations didn't cure my low self-esteem, that feeling of otherness. my desire to disappear was still very powerful. i had a degree from cambridge; i had a thriving career, but my self was a car crash, and i wound up with bulimia and on a therapist's couch. and of course i did. i still believed my self was all i was. i still valued self-worth above all other worth, and what was there to suggest otherwise? we've created entire value systems and a physical reality to support the worth of self. look at the industry for self-image and the jobs it creates, the revenue it turns over. we'd be right in assuming that the self is an actual living thing. but it's not. it's a projection which our clever brains create in order to cheat ourselves from the reality of death.

奇怪的是，这个发现并没有治好我的自卑，那种被排挤的感觉。我还是那么强烈地想要离开消失。我从剑桥拿到了学位，我有份充满发展的工作，然而我的自我还是一团糟，我得了催吐病不得不接受治疗师的帮助。我还是相信自我是我的全部。我还是坚信“自我”的价值甚过一切。而且我们身处的世界就是如此，我们的整个价值系统和现实环境都是在服务“自我”的价值。看看不同行业里面对于自我的塑造，看看它们创造的那些工作，产出的那些利润。我们甚至必须相信自我是真实存在的。但它们不是，自我不过是我们聪明的脑袋假想出来骗自己不去思考死亡这个话题的幌子。

but there is something that can give the self ultimate and infinite connection -- and that thing is oneness, our essence. the self's struggle for authenticity and definition will never end unless it's connected to its creator -- to you and to me. and that can happen with awareness -- awareness of the reality of oneness and the projection of self-hood. for a start, we can think about all the times when we do lose ourselves. it happens when i dance, when i'm acting. i'm earthed in my essence, and my self is suspended. in those moments, i'm connected to everything -- the ground, the air, the sounds, the energy from the audience. all my senses are alert and alive in much the same way as an infant might feel -- that feeling of oneness.

但其实我们的终极自我其实是我们的本源，合一。挣扎自我是否真实，究竟是什么永远没有终结，除非它和赋予它意义的创造者合一，就是你和我。而这点当我们意识到现实是你中有我，我中有你，和谐统一，而自我是种假象时就会体会到了。我们可以想想，什么时候我们是身心统一的，例如说我跳舞，表演的时候，我和我的本源连结，而我的自我被抛在一边。那时，我和身边的一切--空气，大地，声音，观众的反馈都连结在一起。我的知觉是敏锐和鲜活的，就像初生的婴儿那样，合一。

and when i'm acting a role, i inhabit another self, and i give it life for awhile, because when the self is suspended so is divisiveness and judgment. and i've played everything from a vengeful ghost in the time of slavery to secretary of state in __. and no matter how other these selves might be, they're all related in me. and i honestly believe the key to my success as an actor and my progress as a person has been the very lack of self that used to make me feel so an_ious and insecure. i always wondered why i could feel others' pain so deeply, why i could recognize the somebody in the nobody. it's because i didn't have a self to get in the way. i thought i lacked substance, and the fact that i could feel others' meant that i had nothing of myself to feel. the thing that was a source of shame was actually a source of enlightenment.

当我在演戏的时候，我让另一个自我住在我体内，我代表它行动。当我的自我被抛开，紧随的分歧和主观判断也消失了。我曾经扮演过奴隶时代的复仇鬼魂，也扮演过__年的国务卿。不管他们这些自我是怎样的，他们都在那时与我相连。而我也深信作为演员，我的成功，或是作为个体，我的成长都是源于我缺乏“自我”，那种缺乏曾经让我非常忧虑和不安。我总是不明白为什么我会那么深地感受到他人的痛苦，为什么我可以从不知名的人身上看出他人的印痕。是因为我没有所谓的自我来左右我感受的信息吧。我以为我缺少些什么，我以为我对他人的理解是因为我缺乏自我。那个曾经是我深感羞耻的东西其实是种启示。

and when i realized and really understood that my self is a projection and that it has a function, a funny thing happened. i stopped giving it so much authority. i give it its due. i take it to therapy. i've become very familiar with its dysfunctional behavior. but i'm not ashamed of my self. in fact, i respect my self and its function. and over time and with practice, i've tried to live more and more from my essence. and if you can do that, incredible things happen.

当我真的理解我的自我不过是种映射，是种工具，一件奇怪的事情发生了。我不再让它过多控制我的生活。我学习管理它，像把它带去看医生一样，我很熟悉那些因自我而失调的举动。我不因自我而羞耻，事实上，我很尊敬我的自我和它的功能。而随着时间过去，我的技术也更加熟练，我可以更多的和我的本源共存。如果你愿意尝试，不可以思议的事情也会发生在你身上。

i was in congo in february, dancing and celebrating with women who've survived the destruction of their selves in literally unthinkable ways -- destroyed because other brutalized, psychopathic selves all over that beautiful land are fueling our selves' addiction to ipods, pads, and bling, which further disconnect ourselves from ever feeling their pain, their suffering, their death. because, hey, if we're all living in ourselves and mistaking it for life, then we're devaluing and desensitizing life. and in that disconnected state, yeah, we can build factory farms with no windows, destroy marine life and use rape as a weapon of war. so here's a note to self: the cracks have started to show in our constructed world, and oceans will continue to surge through the cracks, and oil and blood, rivers of it.

今年二月，我在刚果和一群女性一起跳舞和庆祝，她们都是经历过各种无法想象事情“自我”遍体鳞伤的人们，那些备受摧残，心理变态的自我充斥在这片美丽的土地，而我们仍痴迷地追逐着ipod，pad等各种闪亮的东西，将我们与他们的痛苦，死亡隔得更远。如果我们各自生活在自我中，并无以为这就是生活，那么我们是在贬低和远离生命的意义。在这种脱节的状态中，我们是可以建设没有窗户的工厂，破坏海洋生态，将__作为战争的工具。为我们的自我做个解释：这是看似完善的世界里的裂痕，海洋，河流，石油和鲜血正不断地从缝中涌出。

crucially, we haven't been figuring out how to live in oneness with the earth and every other living thing. we've just been insanely trying to figure out how to live with each other -- billions of each other. only we're not living with each other; our crazy selves are living with each other and perpetuating an epidemic of disconnection.

关键的是，我们还没有明白如何和自然以及其他所有生物和谐地共处。我们只是疯狂地想和其他人沟通，几十亿其他人。只有当我们不在和世界合一的时候，我们疯狂的自我却互相怜惜，并永远继续这场相互隔绝的疫症。

let's live with each other and take it a breath at a time. if we can get under that heavy self, light a torch of awareness, and find our essence, our connection to the infinite and every other living thing. we knew it from the day we were born. let's not be freaked out by our bountiful nothingness. it's more a reality than the ones our selves have created. imagine what kind of e_istence we can have if we honor inevitable death of self, appreciate the privilege of life and marvel at what comes ne_t. simple awareness is where it begins.

让我们共生共荣，并不要太过激进着急。试着放下沉重的自我，点亮知觉的火把，寻找我们的本源，我们与万事万物之间的联系。我们初生时就懂得这个道理的。不要被我们内心丰富的空白吓到，这比我们虚构的自我要真实。想象如果你能接受自我并不存在，你想要如何生活，感恩生命的可贵和未来的惊奇。简单的觉醒就是开始。

thank you for listening.

(applause) 谢谢。

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