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广西高考英语试题真题及答案（全国卷大纲版）

时间：2022-05-07 12:11:08 试题试卷收藏本文下载本文

广西高考英语试题真题及答案（全国卷大纲版）(（共11篇））由网友“椰枣牛奶”投稿提供，以下是小编精心整理的广西高考英语试题真题及答案（全国卷大纲版），供大家阅读参考。

篇1：高考全国卷1英语试题及答案

高考全国卷1英语试题及答案

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. 19. 15.B. 9. 18.C. 9. 15.

答案是C。

1.What does the woman think of the movie?

A.It’s amusing B.It’s exciting C.It’s disappointing

2.How will Susan spend most of her time in France?

A. Traveling aroundB.Studying at a schoolC.Looking after her aunt

3.What are the speakers talking about?

A. Going outB.Ordering drinksC.Preparing for a party

4.Where are the speakers?

A.In a classroom B.In a library C.In a bookstore

5.What is the man going to do ?

A.Go on the Internet B.Make a phone callC.Take a train trip

第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is the woman looking for?

A. An information office B.A police station C.A shoe repair shop

7. What is the Town Guide according to the man?

A. A brochure B.A newspaperC.A map

听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。

8.Whatdoesthe man say about the restaurant?

A.It’s the biggest one around.

B.It offers many tasty dishes.

C. It’s famous for its seafood.

9.What will the woman probably order?

A.Fried fish.B.Roast chicken.C.Beef steak.

听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10.Where will Mr. White be at 11 o’clock?

A.At the office. B.At the airport. C.At the restaurant.

11.What will Mr. White probably do at one in the afternoon?

A.Receive a guest. B.Have a meeting. C.Read a report.

12.When will Miss Wilson see Mr. White?

A.At lunch time B.Late in the afternoon. C.The next morning.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13.Why is Bill going to Germany?

A.To work on a project. B.To study German. C.To start a new company.

14.What did the woman dislike about Germany？

A.The weather. B.The food.C. The schools.

15. What does Bill hope to do about his family？

A.Bring them to Germany.

B.leave them in England.

C.Visit them in a few months.

16. What is the probable relationship between the speaker?

A. fellow-travelers

B.Colleagues.

C.Classmates.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.When did it rain last time in Juarez?

A.Three days ago.

B.A month ago.

C.A year ago.

18. What season is it in Juarez?

A.Sping.

B.Summer

C.Autumn

19.What are the elderly advised to do?

A.Take a walk in the afternoon.

B.Keep their homes cool.

C.Drink plenty of water.

20.What is the speaker doing?

A.Hosting a radio program.

B.Conducting a seminar.

C.Forecasting the weather.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Pacific Science Center Guide

◆VisitPacific Science Center’s Store

Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.

◆Hungry

Our exhibits will feed your mind but whatabout your body? Our caféoffers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonals. The caféis located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour Pacific Science Center closes.

◆Rental Information

Lockers are availableto store any belongs during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.

◆Support Pacific Science Center

Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong @ in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry based science education to classrooms and company events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we connect science without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Wish pacificorganzier.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.

21.Where are you buy a at Science Center?

A.In Building 1.

B.In Building 3.

C.At the last Denny.

D.At the DennyWay entrance.

22.What does Pucific Science Centerdo for schools?

A.Traitn Scicnceteachers.

B.Disncie scicncebooks.

C.Disncie scicnctific research.

D.Take scicnceto the classroom.

23.What is the purpose of the last part of the text?

A.To encourage donations.

B.To advertise coming events.

C.To introbace spocial exhibits.

I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.

Igot a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When Iarrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.

Iexamined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.

The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.

Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. Igave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.

A nervous night to be sure,but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings.I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active.Andit was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.

24.What is unavoidable in the author’s rescue work according ro paragraph 1?

A.Efforts made in vain.

B.Getting injured in his work.

C.Feeling uncertain about his future.

D.Creatures forced out of their homes.

25.Why was the author called to Muttontown?

A.To rescue a woman.

B.To take care of a woman.

C.To look at a baby owl.

D.To cure a young owl.

26.What made the chick calm down?

A.A new nest.

B.Some food.

C.A recording.

D.Its parents.

27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?

A.It’s unexpected.

B. It’s beautiful.

C. It’s humorous.

D. It’s discouraging.

Some of the world’s most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.

Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.

It’s Jason Moran’s job to help change that. As the Kennedy Center’s artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make themusic more accessible, and preserveits history and culture.

“Jazz seems like it’s not really a part of the American appetite,”Moran tells National Public Radio’s reporter Neal Conan. “What I’m hoping to accomplish is that mu generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. It’s actually color, and it’s actually digital.”

Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,”says Moran.

Last year, Moran worked on a projectthat arranged Fats Waller’s music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,”says Moran. “For me, it’s the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,”says Moran, “So I want to continue those dialogue. Those are the things I want to foster.”

28．Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?

A．To remember the birth of jazz.

B．To protect cultural diversity.

C．To encourage people to study music.

D．To recognize the value of jazz.

29．What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Jazz becoming more accessible.

B．The production of jazz growing faster.

C．Jazz being less popular with the young.

D．The jazz audience becoming larger.

30．What can we infer about Moran’s opinion on jazz?

A．It will disappear gradually.

B．It remains black and white.

C．It should keep up with the times.

D．It changes every 50 years.

31．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A．Exploring the Future of jazz.

B．The Rise and Fall of jazz.

C．The Story of a jazz Musician.

D．Celebrating the Jazz Day.

30.C 细节理解题。根据第五段中的The music can’t be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same可知Moran认为爵士乐不能以1908或1958年的方式来表达当代，因为世界运转的方式不同，所以爵士乐必须继续前进才行。说明随着时代的发展，爵士乐也要跟上时代才不会被年轻一代所抛弃。故选C。

31.A 推理判断题。通读全文可知本文主要讲UNESCO为提高人们对爵士乐的重视设立爵士日，但实际收效甚微。有人认为爵士乐应随着时代的进步而进步，否则将失去吸引力。可知本文主要探索爵士乐的未来，故选A。

A buld-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it’s all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5’5’sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.

To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increasethe water catcher’s productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.

Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.

The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won’t have to break down the still every time you need a drink.

32.What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?

A.It’s delicate. B.It’s expensive.

C.It’s complex. D.It’s portable

33.What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A.The tube B.The still

C.The hole D.The cup

34.What’s the last step of constructing a working solar still?

A.Dig a hole of a certain size B.Put the cup in place

C.Weight the sheet’s center down D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet

35.When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form.

A.the plastic tube B.outside the hole

C.the open air D.beneath the sheet

【答案】

34.C 细节题。根据第三段Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock.可知最后一步是weighting the sheet’s center down with a rock“放一块石头在覆盖膜的中间，把它压下去”，故选C。

35.D 推理判断题。结合第四段中的Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup可知地下水蒸发，在覆盖膜上聚集起来直到形成小水滴落在杯子里。覆盖膜是在杯子上面的，水滴落入杯子里。所以水滴是凝聚在覆盖膜的下面。故选D。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

If anyone hadtold me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insects bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36

The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer.

37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctor`s bill for my son`s food poisoning.

I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness.

38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life.

39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.

40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.

A．This time there was no tent.

B．Things are going to be improved.

C．The trip they took me on was a rough one.

D．I was to learn a lot about camping since then, however.

E．I must say that I have certainly come to enjoy camping.

F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.

G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.

38.A根据前文We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡上厕所，条件很艰苦。而后文中Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner.说明作者第二次露营有床有空调A选项This time there was no tent“这次没有帐篷了”暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。

39.F 根据后文we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全。既然花了这么大精力，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping“那次露营之后，我的家人开始对它感兴趣”符合语境，故选F。

40.E 根据后文It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this41 process and found something that has changed my42 at college for the better:I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).

I never felt an urge to43 any sign language before.My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.The44 language were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I knowthat I would discover my45 for ASL.

The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 48 of communicating without speaking 49 me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 50 .This newness just left me51 more.

After that, feeling the need to 52 further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club`s meetings. I onlylearned how to53 the alphabet that day. Yet instead of beingdiscouraged by my 54 progress,I was excited. I then made it a point to 55 those meetings and learn all I could.

The following term, I 56 an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was 57 . I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.58 , if there had been any talking, it would have 59 us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 60 way of communication it opens.

41. A. searching B. planning C. natural D. formal

42. A. progressB. experienceC. majorD. opinion

43. A. chooseB. readC. learnD. create

44. A. officialB. foreignC. bodyD. spoken

45. A. loveB. concernC. goalD. request

46. A. meetingB. tripC. storyD. task

47. A. recordedB. performedC. recitedD. discussed

48. A. ideaB. amountC. dreamD. reason

49. A. disturbedB. supportedC. embarrassedD. attracted

50. A. endB. pastC. courseD. distance

51. A. showingB. actingC. sayingD. wanting

52. A. exerciseB. exploreC. expressD. explain

53. A. printB. write C. signD. count

54. A. slowB. steadyC. normalD. obvious

55. A. chairB. sponsorC. attendD. organize

56. A. missedB. passedC. gave up D. registered for

57. A. prohibitedB. welcomedC. ignoredD. repeated

58.A.Lastly B.Thus C.Instead D.However

59.A.required B.caused C.allowed D.expected

60.A.easy B.popular C.quick D.new

43. C 考查动词辨析。choose：选择read：看，读learn：学习create：创造句意：我以前从没有过学习手语的冲动分析可知故选C。

44.D考查形容词辨析。official：官方的foreign：外国的body：肢体的`spoken：口语的根据前文My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.可知作者的家人及朋友都可以听得到，作者认为在平时的交流中，再加上肢体语言就足够了。bodylanguage：肢体语言故选D。

45. A考查名词辨析。love：热爱concern：关心，顾虑goal：目标request：请求句意：我没想过我会发现自己对美式手语的热爱。前文中I never felt an urge to learnany sign language before作者表明以前从未想过学习手语，而根据后文内容可知作者非常喜欢手语。故选A。

46. C 考查名词辨析。meeting：会议trip：旅行story：故事task：任务句意：故事发生在我上大学的第一周分析可知在这里作者开始讲述在大学学习手语的事情，故选C。

47. B 考查动词辨析。record：记录perform：表现，表演recite：背诵discuss：讨论句意：在ASL 俱乐部表演一首歌的翻译时，我正观看着。分析可知ASL 俱乐部是手语俱乐部，应该是在用手语表演一首歌。故选B。

48. A 考查名词辨析。idea：想法amount：数量dream：梦想reason：原因句意：手部的动作和不用语言进行交流的想法吸引了我分析可知作者当时在看手语表演，而手语就是为了想借助手势进行交流。故选A。

49. D 考查动词辨析。disturb：打扰support：支持embarrass：使...难堪attract：吸引分析语境可知ASL 俱乐部的表演吸引了作者，否则作者也不会去学习手语。故选D。

52.B考查动词辨析。exercise：锻炼explore：探索express：表达explain：解释句意：在那之后，我感觉到想要探索更多关于手语的东西，我参加了ASL 俱乐部的一次会议。故选B。

53.C考查动词辨析。print：打印write：写sign：签名；打手势count：数句意：那天我只学会了写字母表。分析可知作者第一次参加手语俱乐部的会议，学会的应该是最基本的写字母表。当然，打印字母表、在字母表上签名、数字母表和学习手语都没有联系。故选C。

54.A考查形容词辨析。slow：缓慢的steady：平稳的normal：正常的obvious：明显的句意：我并没有因为缓慢的进步而沮丧，相反我很兴奋。因为作者只学会了写字母表，所以进步是很慢的。故选A。

55.C考查动词辨析。chair：主持；使…入座sponsor：赞助attend：参加organize：组织句意：我下定决心参加俱乐部所有的会议去学习我能学习的一切。attend meeting：参加会议故选C。

56.D 考查动词辨析。miss：错过，想念pass：通过give up：放弃register for：报名注册句意：接下来的一个学期，我报名上了一个手语班。故选D。

57.A考查动词辨析。prohibit：禁止welcome：欢迎ignore：忽视repeat：重复句意：教授的耳朵听不见，任何口语交流都是禁止的。根据后文if there had been any talking可知在课堂上没有口语交流。故选A。

58.C 考查副词辨析。lastly：最后，终于thus：因此；如此instead：反而however：然而句意：反而，如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。根据前文I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.可知作者很快意识到安静并不是令人不愉快的。反而有口语交流会影响手语的学习。故选C。

59.B 考查动词辨析。require：要求cause：造成allow：允许expect：期待句意：如果当时有口语交流，那只会造成我们学的手语更少。故选B。

60.D 考查形容词辨析。easy：简单的popular：受欢迎的quick：快速的new：新的句意：现在我很感激当时的安静并且享受它带来的一种新的交流方式分析可知手语对于作者来说是一种新的交流方式，故选D。

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

There has been a recent trend in the food serviceindustry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heartdisease, has had some unintended side62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.

Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health.

65. a 考查冠词。固定短语as a result表示“结果”，句意：结果，人们将吃更多的食物去弥补损失的东西。故填a。

66. worse 考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，人们所吃快餐的数量增加了。故填worse。

67. is 考查主谓一致。句意：快餐食物中充满了脂肪和盐。fast food的意思是“快餐”，表示一类食物，为不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填is。

68. eating 考查动名词。句意：通过吃更多的快餐，人们将在饮食中摄入超过需求量的脂肪和盐。根据前文中的by可知此处应该填名词，所以填eat的动名词形式。故填eating。

69. careful 考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词做表语，故填careful。

70. which 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题l分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Inthe summer holiday following my eighteen birthday,I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was. Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor’s orders, so once I started the car, my mind goes blank, I forgot what he had said to me altogether. The instructor kept repeating the word, “Speed up!” “Slow down!” “Turning left!” I was so much nervous that I could hardly tell which direction was left. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle on the road.

73 so改为but 考查连词。根据句意可知作者本以为自己已经掌握了教练的话，结果一发动车，脑中一片空白。所以前后文为转折关系。故将so改为but。

74 goes改为went 考查时态。根据前文中的started可知时态为一般过去时，故将goes改为went。

75 word改为words 考查单复数。句意：教练一直喊“加速”，“减速”，“左转” word的意思主要是“单词,消息”，words 可以表示为word的复数，也表示某人说的话。这里指教练说的那些话，故将word改为words。

78 late改为later 考查副词。做形容词的时候，later是late的比较级，如：Their deadline is quite late.Ours is even later.（他们的截止日期很迟.我们的更迟.）做副词的时候，late是迟的意思，later是稍后、随后的意思。句意：几分钟之后故将late改为later。

79 suddenly改为sudden 考查形容词。句意：我来了个紧急刹车。suddenly是副词，表示“意外地，忽然地”。sudden为形容词，表示“突然的；迅速的”。a sudden stop表示“急刹车”。故将suddenly改为sudden。

80 on改为of 考查介词。分析语境可知作者表示“在路中间急刹车”，on the road表示“在路上”，the middle of the road表示“路的中央”，强调的是“the middle”。故将on改为of。

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，正在教你的英国朋友Leslie学习汉语。请你写封邮件告知下次上课的计划。内容包括：

（1）时间和地点；

（2）内容：学习唐诗；

（3）课前准备：简要了解唐朝的历史。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

篇2：高考真题全国卷真题

全国高考语文预测试卷(含答案)

第Ⅰ卷阅读题(70分)

一、现代文阅读(35分)

(一)论述类文本阅读(9分，每小题3分)

阅读下面的文字，完成1～3题。

中西美学比较

彭吉象

人类都在追求真善美，但是，中国的美学和中国的艺术更多地追求美和善的统一，更加强调艺术的伦理价值;而西方的美学和西方的艺术更多地追求美和真的统一，更加强调艺术的认识价值。正因为如此，两种艺术表现形式具有很大的不同。以西方话剧和中国戏曲中的悲剧为例，西方的悲剧可以说是彻底的悲剧，一悲到底，如莎士比亚的《哈姆莱特》，到最后差不多台上所有的主要人物都死了。中国的戏曲不是没有悲剧，但它一定要有一个光明的结局，或者称为大团圆的结局，一定要让“善”战胜“恶”，这就是中国文化强调的美与善的统一。

中国传统美学强调的是表现、抒情、言志，而西方美学强调的是再现、模仿、写实。这是一个很大的不同。中国的艺术注重表现艺术家的情感。如中国绘画更多地强调表现，不注重焦点透视，而是注重散点透视;西方绘画却强调再现、模仿和写实，非常注重焦点透视。为什么会这样?区别的原因在哪里呢?我觉得除了两种文化不同以外，还有一个就是两种文学的源头不一样。中国文学史是从《诗经》《楚辞》开始的。《诗经》大部分在黄河流域，而《楚辞》是在长江流域。它们分别代表了中国的黄河文明和长江文明，但是它们有一个共同的特点，就是它们都是抒情诗歌。抒情诗歌就是要表现、抒情和言志。所以中国文学艺术的源头是抒情文学，文化的传承形成了中国艺术强调抒情的特点。西方文学公认的源头是《荷马史诗》和古希腊戏剧。《荷马史诗》是史诗，是在讲故事，而且故事非常精彩。还有古希腊的戏剧也很有名。我们可以发现，《荷马史诗》和古希腊戏剧都是叙事文学，叙事文学一定要再现、模仿、写实，和我们抒情文学的表现形式是完全不一样的，所以，两种文学艺术的源头不同，造就了中西方美学与艺术各自的特色。不过，最根本的原因还在于民族文化的不同。中国文化的特色是什么?答案众说不一，如果只用一句话来概括中国文化的话，我国著名学者张岱年先生、季羡林先生和汤一介先生都曾经说过，就是“天人合一”。“天人合一”是中国文化最精髓的地方，“天人合一”强调人和自然和谐相处。

西方文化从古到今都是“二元论”，最早是上帝和人，文艺复兴以后，变成了人和自然二元对立。因此，文艺复兴以后，西方的自然科学发展得非常快。“二元论”就是强调主客分立，人要不断地去认识自然、改造自然、征服自然。我们现在用的自然科学包括化学、物理学、生物学和天文学都是从西方传过来的。现在进入21世纪了，西方文化潜在的弊端也越来越明显，主要表现在人一味地征服自然、改造自然，最后造成了自然环境的破坏。现在西方很多思想家甚至是科学家，要求从中国传统文化中吸收精华，他们已经认识到中国传统文化中很多东西是可以借鉴的，如人与自然的和谐统一。因此，就中西文化来说，很难说哪个优哪个劣，应该说是互相取长补短。归根到底，中西方美学的不同是由于两种文化的不同。(摘编自《中国传统文化与中国艺术精神》，有删改)

1.下列关于原文内容的表述，不正确的一项是( )

A.中国美学强调艺术的伦理价值，西方美学强调艺术的认识价值，两者都追求美，但中国追求的是美和善的统一，西方追求的是美和真的统一。

B.中西方悲剧的结局大不相同，西方悲剧一悲到底，台上主要人物几乎全都死去，如《哈姆莱特》，而中国悲剧的结尾总有光明，如《窦娥冤》。

C.中西方对美学的追求不同，所以其绘画的注重点也不同，中国绘画强调表现，注重的是散点透视，而西方绘画则强调再现，注重的是焦点透视。

D.中国文学强调抒情，其源头之一《诗经》中的诗歌基本上都是抒情诗。西方文学重视叙事，其文学源头《荷马史诗》和古希腊戏剧都是叙事文学。

答案 B

解析以偏概全。并非西方所有悲剧都让“台上主要人物几乎全都死去”。原文中说的“差不多台上所有的主要人物都死了”只是对《哈姆莱特》的陈述。

2.下列理解和分析，不符合原文意思的一项是( )

A.作为中国文学源头的《诗经》和《楚辞》有一个明显的共同点，即都是抒情文学，尽管它们产自不同区域，分别代表黄河文明和长江文明。

B.中西方美学与艺术之所以特色迥异，一方面是因为它们文学艺术的源头不同，另一方面是因为中西方民族文化不同，而后者是最根本的。

C.人一味地征服自然、改造自然，最终造成了对自然环境的破坏，这是进入21世纪之后西方文化弊端的主要表现，而且这弊端愈加明显。

D.中国文化不强调征服自然，而强调人和自然和谐相处，这虽然造成了中国古代科学技术的落后，却为当今的世界发展指明了方向。

答案 D

解析 “造成了中国古代科学技术的落后”这一说法于文无据。

3.根据原文内容，下列理解和分析不正确的一项是( )

A.我国著名学者张岱年、季羡林、汤一介都曾经以“天人合一”来概括中国文化，这四个字是中国文化的精髓，也是对中国文化的最精练的概括。

B.西方文化自古至今都是“二元论”，只不过由于时代的不同，“二元论”的内涵也有所不同。最初的“二元”是指上帝和人，文艺复兴后是指人与自然。

C.西方文化强调主客分立，此传统让西方人不断地去认识自然、改造自然、征服自然，这使西方的自然科学发展得很快。

D.中西方文化并无孰优孰劣之分，因为现在西方很多思想家甚至科学家，已经认识到中国传统文化中有许多值得借鉴的地方，他们希望从中吸收精华。

答案 D

解析因果关系不当。中西方文化难分优劣，其原因不是西方人“已经认识……希望从中吸收精华”，而是中西方文化各有优缺点。

(二)实用类文本阅读(12分)

阅读下面的文字，完成4～6题。

李济：中国考古学之父

这个年轻的中国学生在“自撰简历”的最后写道：“要是有机会，还想去新疆、青海、西藏、印度、波斯去刨坟掘墓，断碑寻古迹，找些人家不要的古董来寻绎中国人的原始出来。”那一年，他22岁，即将去哈佛攻读人类学。后来，他果真去“刨坟掘墓寻古迹”了，只不过是在中原的河南、山西和山东。

1926年，他主持山西夏县西阴村仰韶文化遗址发掘，成为第一位挖掘考古遗址的中国学者。1930年，主持济南龙山镇城子崖遗址发掘，他让龙山文化呈现于世人面前。如今，仰韶文化和龙山文化已成为中国远古历史的标志性术语，许多对考古学一窍不通的人也耳熟能详。只不过，大多数人对他却是闻所未闻。

1928年至1937年，他主持了震惊世界的河南安阳殷墟发掘，使殷商文化由传说变为信史，并由此将中国的历史向前推移了数百年。直至今日，它依旧被视为人类文明史上最重大的发掘之一。

在中国现代学术史上，这是一个相当重要的名字——李济。

我们关于商代的知识很大程度上是由李济给我们划定的。他主持的安阳殷墟发掘，对20世纪下半叶的中国考古学的发展起了决定性的作用，包括中国社科院考古所前所长夏鼐、台湾中研院史语所前所长高去寻在内的中国考古学界领袖人物，都曾受李济指导，在安阳接受过考古学训练。

已故的考古人类学大家张光直以台湾中研院院士、美国国家科学院院士、哈佛大学教授的权威身份，曾对自己的导师李济作过评价：近60年的岁月里，一开始作为中国考古学之父，随后又作为中国考古学掌门人，他的学术思想一直在中国这门学问的发展中占据支配地位。如果不将张光直所说的“中国学界”缩小为“台湾学界”，那么他的判断显然过于乐观了。李济在1948年年底随史语所迁台，这一选择很难以优劣论，但其所造成的尴尬局面却是显而易见的。

1959年，以《考古》杂志为代表的大陆考古学界对李济发起了猛烈的“围剿”。李济的儿子李光谟甚至还收藏了当年的一期《考古》，整整一期都在批判李济。此后，和许多政治上选择错误的著名学者一样，这个名字逐渐消失在我们的阅读视野中。但他曾对1949年后大陆的考古发掘报告提出过严厉的批评，认为其中缺乏实际材料，充满了政治术语，对出土地、器物、尺寸等内容居然都号称“保密”。

“我想，按照他一贯的标准，这些根本都够不上考古学。”李光谟对记者感叹道。

据说，直到后来西安半坡遗址的发掘报告出来以后，李济对大陆考古学的印象才有所改变，他自己的文章中也开始引用大陆学界的资料。在儿子眼中，李济相当固执，总是直道而行。“他不知道拐弯的，有时候”。

李济去世后，人们回忆：“他是一个被上级、同僚、晚辈、学生害怕的人，但他对真心为学的人则给予最大的帮助。”其实岂止“害怕”，在一些人眼中，此人简直就是“可恶”。台湾名人李敖就曾写过文章，称李济为“最后一个迷人的学阀”。李济因固执而获罪为“学阀”，但饶是刻薄如李敖，也从不否认他身上“迷人”的一面。李济人生最辉煌的一页是在殷墟，此后，考古学家和他发掘的遗址天各一方，路途迢迢。身不能回大陆的李济，晚年心中是否牵挂殷墟?隔海相望殷墟，心中是怎样一番滋味?这些问题，由于长期的两岸阻隔，甚至连李光谟也无法回答，但他说：“1977年，李济生前最后一本著作是《安阳》，可见殷墟在他心中的位置。”(选自《民国那些人》，有删改)

篇3：上海高考英语试题真题word版

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

上海英语试卷

考生注意：

1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(第1-12页)和第Ⅱ卷(第13页)，全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(填空题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第Ⅰ卷(共103分)

Ⅰ.Listening Comprehension

Section A

Directions: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on you paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.

1.A.Impatient B.Confused C.Pleased D.Regretful

2.At a bus stop B.At a laundry C.At the dentist’s D.At the chemist’s

3.An actor B.A salesman C.A translator D.A writer

4.A .He lost his classmate’s homework. B.He can’t help the woman with her math.

C.He broke the woman’s calculator. D.He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.

5.A.The woman should go to another couner.

B.The woman gives the man so many choices.

C.The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.

D.The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.

6.A.She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.

B.She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.

C.Dr.White hasn’t finished grading the papers.

D.Dr.White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.

7.A .Move to a next dormitory B.Find a person to share their apartment.

C.Clean the room with roommate D.Write an article about their roommate.

8.A.Bob won’t take her advice.

B.Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.

C.She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.

D.She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.

9.A.The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.

B.Dessert is served in the snack bar.

C.The snack bar is near the library.

D.Snacks aren’t sllowed in th library.

10.A.Take her bicycle to the repair shop.

B.Leave her bicycle outside.

C.Clean the garage after the rain stops.

D.Check if the garage is dry.

Section B

Directions: In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.

Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.

11.A.It helps care for custermer’s dogs. B.You have to buy food for dogs.

C.None of the dogs are caged D.There is a dog named Princess

12.A.She likes the food there. B.She enjoys the fun with a pet.

C.She can have free coffee. D.She doesn’t like to be alone.

13.A.A new kind of care. B.A new brand of coffee.

C.A new home for pets. D.A new way to raise pets.

试题完整版请下载word版：20上海高考英语试题真题【word版】

篇4：湖南高考英语试题（真题）

Section A (10 marks)

Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

While there is no widely accepted definition of MOOCs, their key features are open access：they are currently free to participants, no entry qualifications are required, they support an unlimited number of participants and as yet, very few include any form of accreditation (认证).

Currently offered by some famous universities, MOOCs are attractive to people who do not have the financial resources to meet the growing costs of university education, or who do not have formal qualifications. They also allow participants to study at their own pace.

The potential for MOOCs to deliver education is obviously vast―they could be considered as a huge step forwards in widening participation. They also have the potential to provide a unique window on universities that offer popular and valuable courses, they may attract some participants to register for formal fee-paying programmes at the same or other universities and are likely to promote new ways of on-line education.

However, it is still very early days for MOOCs. The quality of the education provision is highly variable, with many courses offering only recordings of lectures, and delivery is particularly difficult in some special fields that require practical classes, research projects or extensive library access. Besides, wider engagement with participants requires very considerable resource. Even limited feedback or examination becomes a major task if there are several thousand students in the class.

Considering the challenges, some people argue MOOCs will soon evaporate (蒸发). But they certainly provide good opportunity for widening higher education, are a means of raising awareness of universities to audiences of tens or hundreds of thousands, and are well worthy of serious consideration. (271 words)

● free participation at present

● 72. _________ for entry qualifications

● support of countless participants

● rare inclusion of accreditation ● being attractive to people

who 73. _________ university education or

who have 74. _________

● being flexible in the study pace ● widening participation significantly

● 76. _________ a unique window on universities

● attracting students to register for formal progarmmes

● promoting on-line education Key features Attractions 75. _________ 77. _________ ● highly variable quality of the education provision

● 78. _________ of some special courses

● demand for very considerable resourceThe future● uncertainty

possibly 79._________

● certainty

widening higher education

raising awareness of universities

being well worth 80. _________ seriously Title：

71. _____ Section B (10 marks)

Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.

“Let’s Talk”：The Free Advice Project

A few weeks ago, I took a walk around Washington Square Park. I met all the usual people：street performers, the Pigeon Guy, a group of guitarists singing in harmony. But off to the side, sitting on a bench was a woman doing something vastly different―giving free advice.

A week or two later, I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.

Lisa Podell, 32, started the Free Advice Project this past May. It began as an experiment;she sat in Washington Square Park for a day with a sign that read “Free Advice” as a simple way to reach out to people. Podell was astonished at the strong response.

Podell admits that she was doubtful at first, but now she describes the project as mutually (相互地) beneficial. People learn from her―but she also learns from them. She says that the majority of those who come to her are dealing with some pretty heavy issues, and they expect her not only to listen, but also provide real answers.

Having worked as a full time teacher and now as an adolescent advisor, Podell believes that talking things out is an important in the decision-making process.

Sometimes, people walk around all day, keeping their problems in their own head and thinking about them in the same way. Podell simply strives to provide people with perspective.

I asked if there is a future plan for the Free Advice Project. Podell said she would like to promote it to each public space in New York, which would be carried out by various volunteers across the city.

It was truly inspiring to meet someone with such a big heart, especially in New York―where it is sometimes very hard to find anybody to listen. (303 words)

81. In what way was Podell different from other people in the park? (No more than 6 words) (2 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________

82. What do people in need expect Podell to do? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________

83. According to Podell, what should people do when making decisions?

(No more than 6 words) (2 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________

84. How would Podell promote her project in New York? (No more than 15 words) (3 marks)

___________________________________________________________________________________

Section C (25 marks)

Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.

请以下列词语为关键词写一篇英语短文。

match winner loser result 内容：

1.自己或他人的一次经历;

2.你的感受。

注意：

1.必须使用所给4个关键词;

2.词数不少于120个;

3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。

篇5：湖南高考英语试题（真题）

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷)

英语PartⅠ Listening Comprehension (30 marks)

Section A (22.5 marks)

Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.

You will hear each conversation TWICE.

Conversation 1

1. Where is the man going?

A. Kennedy. B. London. C. New York.

2. When should the man arrive at the airport?

A. By 8:15. B. By 9:00. C. By 9:25.

Conversation 2

3. What is the woman doing?

A. Taking a taxi. B. Doing shopping. C. Waiting for the man.

4. Where are the two speakers going to meet?

A. At home. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant.

Conversation 3

5. What is the woman looking for?

A. A pan. B. Carrots. C. Tomatoes.

6. What will the speakers probably have tonight?

A. French fries. B. Noodles. C. Fried chicken.

Conversation 4

7. What will the project focus on?

A. A dog. B. A fish. C. A cat.

8. What can we know about John?

A. He has conducted the survey.

B. He is making cards now.

C. He will do the introduction.

9. Who can handle the summarizing?

A. Carol. B. Tom. C. Mary.

Conversation 5

10. What can we know about the woman’s vacation?

A. She will stay on the beaches.

B. She will go camping in the jungle.

C. She will spend 3 weeks in South Africa.

11. Which does the woman need to bring?

A. A map. B. A tent. C. Some clothes.

12. Who will prepare the meals?

A. The man. B. The guide. C. The woman.

Conversation 6

13. What are the two speakers doing?

A. Discussing a lecture. B. Visiting a museum. C. Attending a party.

14. Which job has Jane applied for?

A. Salesgirl. B. Waitress. C. Volunteer.

15. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Classmates.

Section B (7.5 marks)

Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.

You will hear the short passage TWICE.

How to Speak English 16. ___________

I. Speak often

The more often you speak, the 17. ___________ it becomes

II. Relax & 18. ___________ the message

● Don’t focus on the grammar rules only.

● Talk about something 19. ___________.

III. Practise what you want to say

Speak to 20. ___________ a few times. Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)

Section A (15 marks)

Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.

21. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.

A. whom B. who C. what D. which

22. “What do you want to be?” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I ________ president,” said the boy, with a

smile.

A. have been B. am C. was D. will be

23. You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ________ you reach any decision.

A. although B. before C. because D. unless

24. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ us.

A. bothers B. had bothered C. would bother D. bothered

25. The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light.

A. bathed B. bathing C. to have bathed D. have bathed

26. If nothing ________, the oceans will turn into fish deserts.

A. does B. had been done C. will do D. is done

27. ― Have you heard about the recent election?

― Sure, it ________ the only thing on the news for the last three days.

A. would be B. is C. has been D. will be

28. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.

A. how B. that C. which D. where

29. You cannot accept an opinion ________ to you unless it is based on facts.

A. offering B. to offer C. having offered D. offered

30. Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.

A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads

31. ________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could

refill it.

A. Staying B. Stayed C. To stay D. Stay

32. He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.

A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t

33. The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8,450 a year,

which ________ a burden for some of them.

A. are;is B. are;are C. is;are D. is;is

34. ― I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.

― had done B. was doing C. would do D. am doing

35. Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.

A. occurred it B. it did occur C. it occurred D. did it occur

Section B (18 marks)

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home. With my suitcase 36 and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “I’m leaving.”

“If you want to 37 , that’s all right,” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.” I 38 my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor heavily and started for the door again.

“Wait a minute,” Mom said. “I want your 39 back. You didn’t wear anything when you arrived.” This really angered me. I tore my clothes off―shoes, socks, underwear and all―and 40 , “Can I go now?” “Yes,” Mom answered, “but once you close that door, don’t expect to come back.”

I was so 41 that I slammed (砰地关上) the door and stepped out on the front porch. 42 I realized that I was outside, with nothing on. Then I noticed that down the street, two neighbor girls were walking toward our house. I ran to 43 behind a big tree in our yard at once. After a while, I was 44 the girls had passed by. I dashed to the front door and banged on it loudly.

“Who’s there?” I heard.

“It’s Billy! Let me in!”

The voice behind the 45 answered, “Billy doesn’t live here anymore. He ran away from home.” Glancing behind me to see if anyone else was coming, I begged, “Aw, c’mon, Mom! I’m 46 your son. Let me in!”

The door inched open and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your 47 about running away?” she asked.

“What’s for supper?” I answered. (277 words)

36. A. packed B. returned C. cleaned D. repaired

37. A. drop out B. go by C. move around D. run away

38. A. pressed B. shook C. threw D. pulled

39. A. bag B. clothes C. sandwiches D. suitcase

40. A. explained B. suggested C. continued D. shouted

41. A. angry B. sorry C. frightened D. ashamed

42. A. Certainly B. Naturally C. Suddenly D. Possibly

43. A. play B. bide C. rest D. wave

44. A. sure B. proud C. eager D. curious

45. A. house B. tree C. door D. yard

46. A. also B. still C. even D. already

47. A. conclusion B. promise C. concern D. decision

Section C (12 marks)

Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.

When kids in parts of the world want to play, they often make soccer balls out of trash tied together with string. “ 48 the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat (变瘪) 49 24 hours,” says Tim Jahnigen, a California businessman. Determined to solve this problem, 50 created an indestructible ball called the One World Futbol.

The ball is made of 51 special material, ethylene-vinyl acetate foam. It’s lightweight, it’s flexible, and― 52 important―it holds its shape.

The One World Futbol needs no pump 53 won’t wear out, even on rough surfaces. When tested, 54 withstood (经受住) being crushed by a car, and even being chewed on by a lion.

Although it costs more to produce 55 a typical soccer ball, Jahnigen estimates the One World Futbol can last 30 years. So far, it’s been given to kids in 143 countries. (154 words)

Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.

Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.

AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost 169.15 at Booking.com. A week later, the same room cost 118.15.

If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid―or you’re looking for a big event to pass your time―check out sites such as Whatsonwhen.com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.

STAYAWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.

Don’t be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge’s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was 95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was 75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just 62.95.

LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O’Neill Flat on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, available for 420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults.

GET ON A BIKE London’s ‘Boris bikes’ have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.

Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around 1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or 5 per day). (358 words)

56. The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may __________.

A. help travelers pass time B. attract lots of travelers to the UK

C. allow travelers to make flexible plans D. cause travelers to pay more for accommodation

57. “Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably __________.

A. a hotel away from the train station B. the tube line to Covent Garden

C. an ideal holiday destination D. the name of a travel agency

58. The passage shows that the O’Neill Flat __________.

A. lies on the ground floor B. is located in central London

C. provides cooking facilities for tourists D. costs over 100 on average per day in late September

59. Cardiff’s program allows a free bike for a maximum period of __________.

A. half an hour B. one hour

C. one hour and a half D. two hours

60. The main purpose of the passage is __________.

A. to tell visitors how to book in advance

B. to supply visitors with hotel information

C. to show visitors the importance of self-help

D. to offer visitors some money-saving tips

In my living room, there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to “Bloom (开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.

Dorothy taught in a school In Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.

From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom. I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don’t know, poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.

Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph. D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things. (360 words)

61. “Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to __________.

A. a program directed by Dorothy B. a course given by the author

C. an activity held by the students D. an organization sponsored by Union college

62. In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing __________.

A. the long track B. the poor houses

C. the same train D. the winding road

63. Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by __________.

A. a warm welcome B. the sight of poke greens

C. Dorothy’s latest projects D. a big dinner made for her

64. What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?

A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.

B. She got a pen as a gift from the author.

C. She passed the required assessment.

D. She received her Ph. D. degree.

65. What does the author mainly intend to tell us?

A. Whatever you do, you must do it carefully.

B. Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment.

C. However poor you are, you have the right to education,

D. Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.

It’s such a happy-looking library, painted yellow, decorated with palm-tree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof. About the size of a microwave oven, it’s pedestrian-friendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in Palm Beach country Estates, along the northern boundary of Palm Beach Gardens.

It’s a library built with love.

A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsin-based nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “That’s what we’re going to do for our spring break!”

Son Austin, now a 10th-grader, didn’t see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. But Janey insisted, and husband Peter unwillingly got to work. The 51-year-old owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that he’d built years earlier for daughter Abbie’s toy horses, and made a door of glass.

After adding the library’s final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book,” and making the Henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only Little Free Library in Palm Beach County.

They stocked it with 20 or so books they’d already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids’ favorites. “I told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again,” said Janey, a stay-at-home mom.

Since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.

The project’s best payoff, says Peter, are the thank-you notes left behind. “We had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.” (317 words)

66. In what way is the library “pedestrian-friendly”?

A. It owns a yellow roof. B. It stands near a sidewalk.

C. It protects book lovers from the sun. D. It uses palm-tree stickers as decorations.

67. Janey got the idea to build a library from __________.

A. a visit to Brian Williams B. a spring break with her family

C. a book sent by one of her neighbors D. a report on a Wisconsin-based organization

68. The library was built __________.

A. by a ship supply company B. on the basis of toy horses

C. like a mailbox D. with glass

69. What can we infer about the signboard?

A. It was made by a user of the library. B. It marked a final touch to the library.

C. It aimed at making the library last long. D. It indicated the library was a family property.

70. The passage tells us that the users __________.

A. donate books to the library

B. get paid to collect books for the library

C. receive thank-you notes for using the library

D. visit the library over 5 times on average daily

Part IV Writing (45 marks)

篇6：高考语文试卷真题答案(全国卷1)

高考语文全国I卷适用于安徽、湖北、福建、湖南、山西、河北、江西、广东、河南、山东等省。

20高考语文全国I卷答案

正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

1-3小题正确答案 ( B D D)

答对1题：得 3分

答对第2题：得 6分

答对第3题：得 9分

第4-5小题正确答案 ( A 、C )

第6小题正确答案

①档案文件形成的年代久远;

②档案文件的纸张严重酸化;

③毛里求斯的气候湿热多雨，不利于档案文件的保存。

答对第4题：得 3分

答对第5题：得 3分

答对第6题：得 6分

第7小题正确答案 ( D )

第8小题正确答案

①形象描写，将禹及其随员描写为“乞丐似的大汉”，写出坚苦卓绝的实干家形象。

②言行描写，文中的禹坚毅寡言，一但说话，则刚直有力。

③对比手法。始终在同众大员的对比中塑造禹及其随员，从而凸现其“中国的脊梁”形象。

第9小题正确答案

①大禹治水的“故事”本身于史有据，作品查考典籍博采文献，富有历史韵味;

②“新编”表现为新的历史讲述方式，如细节虚构、现代汉语掺入、杂文笔法使用，作品充满想象力及创造性;

③对“故事”进行“新编”，着眼于对历史与现实均作出观照，作品具有深刻的思想性。

答对第7题：得 5分

答对第8题：得 6分

答对第9题：得 6分

10小题正确答案 ( D )

11小题正确答案

①形象描写，将禹及其随员描写为“乞丐似的大汉”，写出坚苦卓绝的实干家形象。

②言行描写，文中的禹坚毅寡言，一但说话，则刚直有力。

③对比手法。始终在同众大员的对比中塑造禹及其随员，从而凸现其“中国的脊梁”形象。

12小题正确答案

①大禹治水的“故事”本身于史有据，作品查考典籍博采文献，富有历史韵味;

②“新编”表现为新的历史讲述方式，如细节虚构、现代汉语掺入、杂文笔法使用，作品充满想象力及创造性;

③对“故事”进行“新编”，着眼于对历史与现实均作出观照，作品具有深刻的思想性。

答对10题：得 3分

答对11题：得 3分

答对12题：得 3分

答对13题：得 10分

14小题正确答案 ( C )

15小题正确答案

第一问：画中蕴含着诗意，但无法用语言准确表达。

第二问：这副画意境深远，韵致悠长，令人玩味不已。

答对14题：得 3分

答对15题：得 6分

16题正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

(1)不过数仞而下翱翔蓬蒿之间

(2)地崩山摧壮士死然后天梯石栈相钩连

(3)浊酒一杯家万里燕然未勒归无计

正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)每1空1分。

17-19小题正确答案 ( D、D、C )

答对17题：得 3分

答对18题：得 3分

答对19题：得 3分

20题正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

(1)人们所承受的压力与肥胖有一定联系

(2)本来应该是低谷时

(3)压力产生的时间点

共6分，每答对一空得2分

21题正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

关键信息：

①中英联合考古研究;

②中欧陶瓷贸易起始时间不晚于唐代;

③“海上丝绸之路”在唐代已延伸至西欧。

第22题作文正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

【权威专家解析】

此题是可看作是任务驱动型材料作文，体现“立德树人”思想，也表现社会主义核心价值观对“敬业”的倡导。在立意上，注意突出“劳动”这个主题。写作形式上，考生要注意突出演讲稿的文本特征，即针对性、可讲性、鼓动性。

文本整体构思时，首先要对文本“民生在勤，勤则不匮” 热爱劳动这个中华民族优秀传统以及目前有的人对劳动消极看法进行评述，引出劳动的概念性的阐述。

而从“为什么”的角度阐述劳动的意义，这一部分可供选用的素材较为宽泛，“中华民族由千千万万劳动者组成，他们是新时代中国特色社会主义伟大事业的胜利之本，是推动我国社会全面进步、开创民族复兴伟业的根本力量”、“幸福都是奋头出来的”、“撸起袖子加油干”。

再者，材料中有对劳动的消极说法和认识，可以结合这些现象，做一些分析，比如可结合国家提倡的“工匠精神”以及“职业教育”来探讨，进而论述我们该“怎么做”。同时还要注意试题要求写作对象是中学生，所以应有呼告、倡议的要素。此处有一个隐性的素材必须关注—— “复兴中学”，因而可以把劳动与中华民族的伟大复兴联系起来，既切题又是对写作主旨的升华。

总之，本文要注意“就事论事”的特点与演讲稿这个形式的结合，若再列举身边有典型性的事例，演讲稿就不会干瘪无味，感染力也会自然提升。

年高考语文全国I卷答案及解析

一、现代文阅读(36分)

(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)

阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

对文学艺术创作者来说，或早或晚，都会遭遇到这个问题——为谁创作、为谁立言?强调：“文学艺术创造、哲学社会科学研究首先要搞清楚为谁创作、为谁立言的问题，这是一个根本问题。人民是创作的源头活水，只有扎根人民，创作才能获得取之不尽、用之不竭的源泉。”

目前，文艺界普遍认识到，只有与身处的时代积极互动，深刻回应时代重大命题，才会获得艺术创作的蓬勃生机。然而，在创作实践中，还有许多作家、艺术家困惑于现实如此宏大丰富，以至于完全超出个人的认识和表现能力。我们常常听到这样的说法：现实太精彩了，它甚至远远走到了小说家想象力的前面。是的，我们有幸生活在这样一个日新月异的时代，随时发生着习焉不察而影响深远的变化。这就为作家、艺术家观察现实、理解生活带来巨大困难。对于他们而言，活灵活现地描绘出生活的表象，大约是不难的，难就难在理解生活复杂的结构，理解隐藏在表象之下那些更深层的东西。那么，这“更深层的东西”是什么呢?

去过天安门广场的朋友一定会对矗立在广场上的人民英雄纪念碑印象深刻，许多人都背得出上面的碑文——“三年以来，在人民解放战争和人民革命中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽!三十年以来，在人民解放战争和人民革命中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽!由此上溯到一千八百四十年，从那时起，为了反对内外敌人，争取民族独立和人民自由幸福，在历次斗争中牺牲的人民英雄们永垂不朽!”在新中国成立70周年的今天，再次诵读这段话，我们就会意识到，这改天换地的宏伟现实是人民创造的，人民当之无愧是时代的英雄，是历史的创造者。只有认识到人民的主体地位，才能感受到奔涌的时代浪潮下面深藏的不竭力量，才有可能从整体上把握一个时代，认识沸腾的现实。

认识人民创造历史的主体地位，是为了从理性和情感上把自己放到人民中间，是为了解决我是谁，我属于谁的问题。新文化运动以来，无论是经历革命与战争考验的现代作家，还是上世纪80年代那批经历了知青岁月的当代作家，他们内心其实都有一方情感根据地，都和某一片土地上的人民建立了非常深切的情感关系。这些作家是属于某个情感共同体的，这个共同体时刻提醒着他，他的生命和创作与这世界上更广大的人群休戚相关，一个普普通通的劳动者，或许并不是我们的读者，但这并不妨碍我们将他以及他所代表的广大人民作为我们认识现实、理解时代的依据。

以人民为中心，就是要坚持以精品奉献人民。在新的时代条件下,我国文化产品供给的主要矛盾已经不是缺不缺，够不够的问题，而是好不好，精不精的问题，诚然，娱乐和消费也是人民群众精神文化需要的一部分，但是，有责任感的艺术家会深深感到，我们就生活在那些为美好生活，为民族复兴而奋斗的人们中间，理应对我们的共同奋斗负有共同责任，我们有责任通过形象的塑造，凝聚精神上的认同。这种认同，是对国家和民族未来的认同，是新时代伟大历史进程的同频共振。作家和艺术家只有把自己看成人民的儿子，积极投身于人们争取美好未来的壮词征程，才有能力创造出闪耀着明亮光芒的文艺，照亮和雕刻一个民族的灵魂。(摘编自铁凝《照亮和雕刻民族的灵魂》)

1.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析,正确的一项是(3分)

A作家树立了与时代积极互动的理念，在创作实践中就能做到以人民为中心。B对人民的情感认同，是新文化运动以来很多作家创作取得成功的重要原因。C人民是认识现实、理解时代的依据，因为普通劳动者才是文艺最理想的读者。D真正扎根时代、富有责任感的艺术家，无须考虑人民群众的娱乐和消费需求。

2.下列对原文论证的相关分析,不正确的一项是(3分)

A文章采用提出问题，分析问题的方式展开论证，在逻辑上也是逐层递进的。B文章论证兼顾现实与历史，既有对当下创作的分析，也有对历史经验的总结。C文章引用人民英雄纪念碑碑文内容，巧妙衔接了上下文，也有力支撑了论点。D文章末段论证了正面人物的塑造是新时代文艺“以人民为中心”的根本体现。

3.根据原文内容，下列说法不正确的一项是(3分)

A对于那些认为现实走在小说家想象力前面的作家而言，困难在于如何把握生活的复杂结构和本质内容。B对艺术家而言，日新月异的变革时代，既意味着巨大挑战，也能激发创作热情，促使他们投身沸腾的生活。C老舍曾说:“不去与劳动人民结为莫逆的好友，是写不出结结实实的作品的。”这与文中情感共同体的理念是相通的。D我国当下文化产品供给的主要矛盾已经由量的问题转向质的问题，艺术家的创作也应少而精，凝聚共识。

正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

1-3小题正确答案 ( B D D)

答对1题：得 3分

答对第2题：得 6分

答对第3题：得 9分

(二)实用类文本阅读(本题共3小题，12分)

阅读下面的文字，完成4～6题。

材料一：

可移动文化遗产的保护是指运用各种方法延长可移动文化遗产寿命的专业性活动。保护技术推进的核心是找到与遗产变化状况相适应的保护方法，以便及时对藏品进行预警、干预，使藏品保持健康的状态。在此过程中，预防、治理、修复三个方面的技术运用起着至关重要的作用。预防是所有的减缓文化遗产恶化和损毁的行为的总称，它涉及光照度、环境条件、安全、防火和突发事件的准备等方面。治理是通过外界的干预直接作用于可移动文化遗产的保护行为，是为了消除正在损毁遗产的外界因素，从而使遗产恢复到健康的状态。根据可移动文化遗产遭受“病痛”情形的差异，治理技术可以分为杀虫、去酸、脱水和清洁等类型，修复是对已经发生变形或变性的遗产进行处理，使之恢复到原有的形态或性质。修复的内容大致分为两个方面：一是清除文物和标本上的一切附着物;二是修补文物和标本的残缺部分。

(摘编自周耀林《可移动文化遗产保护策略研究》)

材料二：

以温度25℃、相对湿度50%为标准寿命(设其指数为1.00)，计算在温度15℃、35℃和湿度10%、30%、70%条件下，纸张的寿命和标准寿命的倍数关系，结果见下表：

(摘编自李景仁等《图书档案保护技术手册》)

材料三：

毛里求斯是非洲一个岛国，位于赤道南部的西印度洋上，气候湿热多雨。毛里求斯拟修复的档案文件，形成于18世纪，文件纸张为破布浆机制纸，字迹材料为酸性烟黑墨水，双面手写，以手感鉴别，柔韧性极差，几乎一触即碎。通过测试数据可知，文件纸张严重酸化。应毛里求斯大使馆的要求和委托，国家图书馆图书保护组和图书修整组的技术人员，对部分档案文件进行了实验性去酸和修复。方案如下：

(1)去酸方案

酸是纸张纤维发生化学降解的催化剂，能加快纸张纤维的水解反应，使纸张脆化变黄、机械强度下降，直至脆裂粉碎，不能使用。为避免酸性对文献纸张的损害，人们研究了各种去除纸张酸性的方法。根据毛里求斯档案文件的损坏程度和特点，技术人员认为采用氢氧化钙溶液去酸法比较好，以氢氧化钙溶液去酸，可根据纸张酸化的程度调节去酸溶液的浓度和去酸时间，去酸彻底，可操作性强，在操作处理过程中也不会使文件出现新的损坏。

(2)修复方案

纸浆补书机与边缘、局部裱相结合的修复法。用纸浆补书机修补书页，既不遮挡字迹又能增强纸张强度。但纸浆补书机法也有其不足，如对书页的边缘残缺处和书口的断裂处补后的强度不够，主要原因是书口的断裂处及书页上的裂口缝隙过小，使得纸浆难以通过，边缘残缺处的纸浆与书页的连接方式属单侧直线连接，不够牢固。为了弥补这一缺陷，纸浆补书机与边缘、局部裱相结合显然是必要的。

档案文件修复后，纸张的强度和柔韧性有了很大程度的提高，原来一触即碎的文件纸张，现在不但可以正常翻阅，甚至可以拿起抖动。对于文件修复前后的变化，毛里求斯大使馆人员表示惊讶，称之为“魔术般的变化”。

(摘编自周崇润等《关于毛里求斯档案文件的去酸与修复》)

4. 下列不属于可移动文化遗产“修复”工作的一项是(3分)

A使用真空干燥法对受潮的古代文献进行处理。

B使用盐酸、硝酸等化学试剂给青铜器除锈。

C使用纸浆补书机对破损的古籍进行修补。

D使用树脂黏合剂粘接破碎的古代瓷器。

5. 下列对材料相关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A预防是为了减缓可移动文化遗产遭受损害而采取的必要措施和行动，其侧重点主要在于可移动文化遗产的外部环境。B如果将温度25℃、相对湿度50%下纸张的寿命定为标准寿命，当湿度不变、温度降低10℃时，纸张的寿命倍数就会达到5.81。C纸浆补书机修补法对于修复纸张的酸性特别理想，这种方法既可以增强纸张的强度，又不会影响字迹的清晰度。D国家图书馆的技术人员对毛里求斯形成于18世纪的档案文件的修复工作是可移动文化遗产保护的成功案例。

6. 请结合材料，分析毛里求斯想要修复的档案文件的受损原因。(6分)

正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

第4-5小题正确答案 ( A 、C )

第6小题正确答案

①档案文件形成的年代久远;

②档案文件的纸张严重酸化;

③毛里求斯的气候湿热多雨，不利于档案文件的保存。

答对第4题：得 3分

答对第5题：得 3分

答对第6题：得 6分

(三)文学类文本阅读(本题共3小题，15分)

阅读下面的文字，完成7～9题。

理水(节选) 鲁迅

当两位大员回到京都的时候，别的考察员也大抵陆续回来了，只有禹还在外。他们在家里休息了几天，水利局的同事们就在局里大排筵宴，替他们接风。这一天真是车水马龙，不到黄昏时候，主客就全都到齐了，院子里却已经点起庭燎来，鼎中的牛肉香，一直透到门外虎贲的鼻子跟前，大家就一齐咽口水。酒过三巡，大员们就讲了一些水乡沿途的风景，芦花似雪，泥水如金，黄鳝膏腴，青苔滑溜……等等。微醺之后，才取出大家采集了来的民食来，都装着细巧的木匣子，盖上写着文字，有的是伏羲八卦体，有的是仓颉鬼哭体，大家就先来赏鉴这些字，争论得几乎打架之后，才决定以写着“国泰民安”的一块为第一，因为不但文字质朴难识，有上古淳厚之风，而且立言也很得体，可以宣付史馆的。

局外面也起了一阵喧嚷。一群乞丐似的大汉，面目黧黑，衣服破旧，竟冲破了断绝交通的界线，闯到局里来了。卫兵们大喝一声，连忙左右交叉了明晃晃的戈，挡住他们的去路。

“什么?——看明白!”当头是一条瘦长的莽汉，粗手粗脚的，怔了一下，大声说。

卫兵们在昏黄中定晴一看，就恭恭敬敬的立正，举戈，放他们进去了。

局里的大厅上发生了扰乱。大家一望见一群莽汉们奔来，纷纷都想躲避，但看不见耀眼的兵器，就又硬着头皮，定晴去看。头一个虽然面貌黑瘦，但从神情上，也就认识他正是禹;其余的自然是他的随员。

这一吓，把大家的酒意都吓退了，沙沙的一阵衣裳声，立刻都退在下面。禹便一径跨到席上，并不屈膝而坐，却伸开了两脚，把大脚底对着大员们，又不穿袜子，满脚底都是栗子一般的老茧。随员们就分坐在他的左右。

“大人是今天回京的?”一位大胆的属员，膝行而前了一点，恭敬的问。

“你们坐近一点来!”禹不答他的询问，只对大家说。“查的怎么样?”

大员们一面膝行而前，一面面面相觑，列坐在残筵的下面，看见咬过的松皮饼和啃光的牛骨头。非常不自在——却又不敢叫膳夫来收去。

“禀大人，”一位大员终于说。“倒还像个样子——印象甚佳。松皮水草，出产不少;饮料呢，那可丰富得很。百姓都很老实，他们是过惯了的。”

“卑职可是已经拟好了募捐的计划，”又一位大员说。“准备开一个奇异食品展览会，另请女隗小姐来做时装表演，来看的可以多一点。”

“这很好。”禹说着，向他弯一弯腰。

“不过第一要紧的是赶快派一批大木筏去，把学者们接上高原来。”第三位大员说，“学者们有一个公呈在这里，他们以为文化是一国的命脉，学者是文化的灵魂，只要文化存在，华夏也就存在，别的一切，倒还在其次……”

“他们以为华夏的人口太多了，”第一位大员道，“减少一些倒也是致太平之道，况且那些不过是愚民，那喜怒哀乐，也决没有智者所推想的那么精微的，……”

“放他妈的屁!”禹心里想，但嘴上却大声的说道：“我经过查考，知道先前的方法：‘湮’，确是错误了。以后应该用‘导’!不知道诸位的意见怎么样?”

静得好像坟山;大员们的脸上也显出死色，许多人还觉得自己生了病，明天恐怕要请病假了。

“这是蚩尤的法子!”一个勇敢的青年官员悄悄的愤激着。

“卑职的愚见，窃以为大人是似乎应该收回成命的.”一位白须白发的大员，这时觉得天下兴亡，系在他的嘴上了，便把心一横，置死生于度外，坚决的抗议道：“湮是老大人的成法。‘三年无改于父之道，可谓孝矣。’——老大人升天还不到三年。”

禹一声也不响。

“况且老大人化过多少心力呢。借了上帝的息壤，来湮洪水，虽然触了上帝的恼怒，洪水的深度可也浅了一点了，这似乎还是照例的治下去。”另一位花白须发的大员说，他是禹的母舅的干儿子。

禹一声也不响。

“我看大人还不如‘干父之蛊’，”一位胖大官员看得禹不作声，以为他就要折服了，便带些轻薄的大声说，不过脸上还流出着一层油汗。“照着家法，挽回家声。大人大约未必知道人们在怎么讲说老大人罢……”

“要而言之，‘湮’是世界上已有定评的好法子，”白须发的老官恐怕胖子闹出岔子来，就抢着说道。“别的种.种，所谓‘摩登’者也，昔者蚩尤氏就坏在这一点上。”

禹微微一笑：“我知道的。有人说我的爸爸变了黄熊，也有人说他变了三足鳖，也有人说我在求名，图利。说就是了。我要说的是我查了山泽的情形，征了百姓的意见，已经看透实情，打定主意，无论如何，非‘导’不可!这些同事，也都和我同意的。”

他举手向两旁一指。白须发的，花须发的，小白脸的，胖而流着油汗的，胖而不流油汗的官员们，跟着他的指头看过去，只见一排黑瘦的乞丐似的东西，不动，不言，不笑，像铁铸的一样。 (有删改)

7. 下列对本文相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是(3分)

A第一段中，洪灾中的民间疾苦被筵宴上大啖酒肉的大员们转化为“水乡沿途的风景”等谈资，这不仅是讽刺，更表达了忧愤。

B鲁迅善以细节传神，文中写胖大官员脸上“流出着一层油汗”，与写祥林嫂“眼珠间或一轮”一样，都是以外在细节刻画人物内在特征。

C针对禹提出的“导”的治水方法，众大员软硬兼施，口口声声“老大人”，是以所谓“孝”给禹施压，实质上还是反对禹的变革。

D文中有意使用“水利局”“时装表演”“摩登”等现代词语，以游戏笔墨颠覆了“大禹治水”的严肃性与真实性，从而传达出历史的虚无感。

8. 鲁迅说：“我们从古以来，就有埋头苦干的人，有拼命硬干的人，有为民请命的人，有舍身求法的人，……这就是中国的脊梁。”请谈谈本文是如何具体塑造这样的“中国的脊梁”的。(6分)

9.《理水》是鲁迅小说集《故事新编》中的一篇，请从“故事”与“新编”的角度简析本文的基本特征。(6分)

正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

第7小题正确答案 ( D )

第8小题正确答案

①形象描写，将禹及其随员描写为“乞丐似的大汉”，写出坚苦卓绝的实干家形象。

②言行描写，文中的禹坚毅寡言，一但说话，则刚直有力。

③对比手法。始终在同众大员的对比中塑造禹及其随员，从而凸现其“中国的脊梁”形象。

第9小题正确答案

①大禹治水的“故事”本身于史有据，作品查考典籍博采文献，富有历史韵味;

②“新编”表现为新的历史讲述方式，如细节虚构、现代汉语掺入、杂文笔法使用，作品充满想象力及创造性;

③对“故事”进行“新编”，着眼于对历史与现实均作出观照，作品具有深刻的思想性。

答对第7题：得 5分

答对第8题：得 6分

答对第9题：得 6分

二、古代诗文阅读(34分)

(一)文言文阅读(本题共4小题，19分)

阅读下面的文言文，完成10~13题。

贾生名谊洛阳人也年十八以能诵诗属书闻于郡中吴廷尉为守闻其秀才召置门下甚幸爱孝文皇帝初立，闻守吴公治平为天下第一，故与李斯同邑而常学事焉，乃征为廷尉，廷尉乃言贾生年少，颇通诸子百家之书，文帝召以为博士。是时贾生年二十余，最为少，每诏令议下，诸老先生不能言，贯生尽为之对，人人各如其意所欲出。诸生于是乃以为能不及也。孝文帝说之，超迁，一岁中至太中大夫。贾生以为汉兴至孝文二十余年，天下和洽，而固当改正朔，易服色，法制度，定官名，兴礼乐，乃悉草具其事仪法，色尚黄，数用五，为官名，悉更秦之法。孝文帝初即位，谦让未遑也。诸律令所更定，及列侯悉就国，其说皆自贾生发之。于是天子议以为贾生任公卿之位。绛、灌、东阳侯，冯敬之属尽害之，乃短贾生曰:“洛阳之人，年少初学，专欲擅权，纷乱诸事。”于是天子后亦疏之，不用其议，乃以贾生为长沙王太傅。贾生既辞往行，及渡湘水，为赋以吊屈原。为长沙王太傅三年。后岁余，贾生征见。孝文帝方受釐，坐宣室。上因感鬼神事，而问鬼神之本。贾生因具道所以然之状。至夜半，文帝前席。既罢，曰：“吾久不见贾生，自以为过之，今不及也。”居顷之，拜贾生为梁怀王太傅。梁怀王，文帝之少子，爱，而好书，故令贾生傅之。文帝复封淮南厉王子四人皆为列侯。贾生谏，以为患之兴自此起矣。贾生数上疏，言诸侯或连数郡，非古之制，可稍削之。文帝不听。居数年，怀王骑，堕马而死，无后。贾生自伤为傅无状，哭泣岁余，亦死。

(节选自《史记·屈原贾生列传》)

10.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是(3分)

A贾生名谊/洛阳人也/年十八/以能诵诗属书闻于郡中吴廷尉/为守/闻其秀才/召置门下/甚幸爱/

B贾生名谊/洛阳人也/年十八/以能诵诗属书闻于郡中/吴廷尉为守/闻其秀才/召置/门下甚幸爱/

C贾生名谊/洛阳人也/年十八/以能诵诗属书闻于郡中/吴廷尉为守/闻其秀才/召置门下/甚幸爱/

D贾生名谊/洛阳人也/年十八/以能诵诗属书闻/于郡中吴廷尉为守/闻其秀才/召置门下/甚幸爱

11.下列对文中加点的词语相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是(3分)

A诸子百家是先秦至汉初学术派别的总称，其中又以道、法、农三家影响最深远。

B诏令作为古代的文体名称，是以皇帝的名义所发布的各种命令、立告的总称。

C礼乐指礼制和音乐，古代帝王常常用兴礼乐作为手段，以维护社会秩序的稳定。

D就国，是指受到君主分封并获得领地后，受封者前往领地居住并进行统治管理。

12. 下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A贾谊初入仕途，展现非凡才能。他受到廷尉推荐而入仕，当时年仅二十余岁，却让诸生自觉不如，不久得到文帝越级提拔，一年之间就当上太中大夫。

B贾谊热心政事，遭到权要忌恨。他认为汉朝建立二十余年，政通人和，应当全盘改变秦朝法令，因此触及权贵利益，受到诋毁，文帝后来也疏远了他。

C贾谊答复询问，重新得到重用。文帝询问鬼神之事，对贾谊的回答很满意，于是任命他为自己钟爱的小儿子梁怀王的太傅，又表示自己也比不上贾谊。

D贾谊劝止封侯，文帝未予采纳。文帝封淮南厉王四个儿子为侯，贾谊认为祸患将自此兴起;数年之后，梁怀王堕马死，贾谊觉得未能尽责，悲泣而死。

13. 把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)

(1)乃短贾生曰:“洛阳之人，年少初学，专欲擅权，纷乱诸事。”

(2)贾生数上疏，言诸侯或连数郡，非古之制，可稍削之。

正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

10小题正确答案 ( D )

11小题正确答案

①形象描写，将禹及其随员描写为“乞丐似的大汉”，写出坚苦卓绝的实干家形象。

②言行描写，文中的禹坚毅寡言，一但说话，则刚直有力。

③对比手法。始终在同众大员的对比中塑造禹及其随员，从而凸现其“中国的脊梁”形象。

12小题正确答案

①大禹治水的“故事”本身于史有据，作品查考典籍博采文献，富有历史韵味;

②“新编”表现为新的历史讲述方式，如细节虚构、现代汉语掺入、杂文笔法使用，作品充满想象力及创造性;

③对“故事”进行“新编”，着眼于对历史与现实均作出观照，作品具有深刻的思想性。

答对10题：得 3分

答对11题：得 3分

答对12题：得 3分

答对13题：得 10分

(二)古代诗歌阅读(本题共2小题，9分)

阅读下面这首宋诗，完成14~15题。

题许道宁画[注] 陈与义

满眼长江水，苍然何郡山?

向来万里意，今在一窗间。

众木俱含晚，孤云遂不还。

此中有佳句，吟断不相关。

[注]许道宁:北宋画家

14. 下列对这首诗的赏析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A这首题画诗写景兼抒情，并未刻意进行雕琢，却能够于简淡中见新奇

B山水是这幅画的主要元素，特别是江水，占据了画面上大部分的篇幅。

C诗人透过一扇小窗远距离欣赏这幅画作，领略其表现的辽阔万里之势。D颈联具体写到苍茫暮色中的树木与浮云，也蕴含了欣赏者的主观感受

15. 诗的尾联有什么含意?从中可以看出诗人对这幅画有什么样的评价?(6分)

正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

14小题正确答案 ( C )

15小题正确答案

第一问：画中蕴含着诗意，但无法用语言准确表达。

第二问：这副画意境深远，韵致悠长，令人玩味不已。

答对14题：得 3分

答对15题：得 6分

16. 补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(6分)

(1)《庄子·逍遥游》中的斥鷃无法理解大鹏，称自己腾跃起飞，“___________，___________”，也就是飞行的极致了。

(2)李白《蜀道难》中“__________，__________”两句，回顾了“五丁开山的传说。

(3)范仲淹《渔家傲(塞下秋来风景异)》中“__________，__________”两句，写戍边将士满怀思乡的愁苦，但未获胜利仍然不得还乡。

16题正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

(1)不过数仞而下翱翔蓬蒿之间

(2)地崩山摧壮士死然后天梯石栈相钩连

(3)浊酒一杯家万里燕然未勒归无计

正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)每1空1分。

三、语言文字运用(20分)

阅读下面的文字，完成17~19题。

中国传统音乐包括民间音乐、宗教音乐、文人音乐、宫廷音乐等类别，其中文人音

乐的代表主要就是古琴艺术，但随着传统文人阶层在中国的消失，古琴艺术逐渐_______甚至被社会遗忘，直到，中国的古琴艺术被联合国教科文组织列入“人类口头和非物质遗产代表作名录”，这种过去对文化有着深刻影响的艺术形式，才重新________了生机。( )，但我认为这恰恰是它的一个特点，正因为古琴音量小，使得它是直接和你的心进行交流的乐器，是最个人化的乐器。我国古代就有“琴者，心也”“琴者，禁也”的说法，“琴者，心也”即弹琴是为了和自己的心灵对话，与大自然交流，与三五“知音”互相欣赏;“琴者，禁也”即弹琴是为了__________自己，也说明在古人心目中，琴不仅是一件乐器，也是________的工具。

17. 依次填入文中横线上的词语，全都恰当的一项是(3分)

A边缘化获得制约放松身心

B私人化获得制约修身养性

C私人化焕发约束放松身心

D边缘化焕发约束修身养性

18. 下列填入文中括号内的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是(3分)

A古琴的缺点是音量小，这是很多人的看法

B音量小作为古琴的一个缺点，被很多人所批评

C音量小是古琴的一个缺点，很多人都是这么认为的

D古琴音量小，很多人认为这是它的一个缺点

19. 文中画横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是(3分)

A正因为古琴音量小，所以使得它是直接和你的心进行交流的最个人化的乐器。

B正是古琴音量小，使得它是直接和你的心进行交流的乐器，是最个人化的乐器。

C正是音量小，使得古琴成为直接和你的心进行交流的乐器，是最个人化的乐器。

D正因为音量小，使得古琴成为直接和你的心进行交流的最个人化的乐器。

正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

17-19小题正确答案 ( D、D、C )

答对17题：得 3分

答对18题：得 3分

答对19题：得 3分

20. 在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密，每处不超过12个字。(6分)

研究发现，人们所受压力会增加血液中糖皮质激素的含量，而糖皮质激素可将前体细胞变为脂肪细胞，所以 ① 。但人们过去不清楚，为什么白天压力大不一定会变胖，而上夜班之类的压力则常与肥胖相联系，最近一项研究揭开了谜底：健康人的糖皮质激素水平在24小时内呈节律性涨落，早8点最高，凌晨3点最低，如果打破节律，在糖皮质激素水平② ，糖皮质激素的增加就会导致更多前体细胞变为脂肪细胞，如果顺应节律，在糖皮质激素水平本来就是峰值时，即使增加很多糖皮质激素，也不易引起脂肪细胞增加。可见， ③ 非常重要，夜间长期经历持续性压力体重会明显增加。

20题正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

(1)人们所承受的压力与肥胖有一定联系

(2)本来应该是低谷时

(3)压力产生的时间点

共6分，每答对一空得2分

21.把下面一段话的主要意思压缩成一段话，不超过50个字。(5分)

传统观点认为，中国和欧洲的陶瓷贸易始于明代。近日，英国杜伦大学证实，该校考古系与中国故宫博物馆考古所，联合整理研究了在西班牙萨拉戈萨等地出土的十余种中国唐代至宋代早期的陶瓷器残片，表明这些陶瓷是当时随阿拉伯商人经印度洋与红海贸易到达地中海地区的。这就将中欧陶瓷贸易的起始时间大向前推进了，证明了“海上丝绸之路”早在唐代就已延伸至西欧。

21题正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

关键信息：

①中英联合考古研究;

②中欧陶瓷贸易起始时间不晚于唐代;

③“海上丝绸之路”在唐代已延伸至西欧。

22.阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。

“民生在勤，勤则不匮”，劳动是财富的源泉，也是幸福的源泉。“夙兴夜寐，洒扫庭内”，热爱劳动是中华民族的优秀传统，绵延至今。可是现实生活中，也有一些同学不理解劳动，不愿意劳动。有的说：“我们学习这么忙，劳动太占时间了!”有的说：“科技进步这么快，劳动的事，以后可以交给人工智能啊!”也有的说：“劳动这么苦，这么累，干吗非得自己干?花点钱让别人去做好了!”此外，我们身边也还有着一些不尊重劳动的现象。

这引起了人们的深思。

请结合材料内容，面向本校(统称“复兴中学”)同学写一篇演讲稿，倡议大家“热爱劳动，从我做起”，体现你的认识与思考，并提出希望与建议。要求：自拟标题，自选角度，确定立意;不要套作，不得抄袭;不得泄露个人信息;不少于800字。

第22题作文正确答案(评分标准及答案仅供参考)

【权威专家解析】

而从“为什么”的角度阐述劳动的意义，这一部分可供选用的素材较为宽泛，“人民创造历史，劳动开创未来”、“中华民族由千千万万劳动者组成，他们是新时代中国特色社会主义伟大事业的胜利之本，是推动我国社会全面进步、开创民族复兴伟业的根本力量”、“幸福都是奋头出来的”、“撸起袖子加油干”。

总之，本文要注意“就事论事”的特点与演讲稿这个形式的结合，若再列举身边有典型性的事例，演讲稿就不会干瘪无味，感染力也会自然提升。

学习语文的好方法

1、多读，就是反复读。

据说，丰子恺先生的读书法称为“二十二遍读书法”，他对一篇好文章，前后读22遍之多，并深有体会地说，把文章读熟后，就会渐渐地从唇间背诵出来，多读成诵，应当就是记忆之本。

2、强记，就是有目的地克制自己，进行记忆。

有些课程基本概念不记不行，如语文中的音形义、外语中的单词等。理解了的要背诵，暂时不理解的也要加以记忆，并在使用中重新巩固记忆。

古诗文，背诵后更易理解，理解后还会记得更牢固——当然这需要毅力和恒心。久而久之，不但大脑信息存储得越多，而且会养成乐于记忆的好习惯。当然，强记和死记并非同一概念。

3、勤写，不只是写作文，那只是其中的一部分。

日记、听课笔记、读书中的圈点评注、整理摘抄都属于这个范畴。

写本身就是较高层次的记忆，我们有这样的体会：写作文，先打腹稿，再写成初稿，待到往作文本上誊写时，不看初稿就能写完。原因是，动笔综合调动了各种器官，并进入记忆的高级阶段，“好记性不如赖笔头”不无道理。

高考语文试卷真题(全国卷1)

篇7：2019年高考全国卷I语文真题 2019年高考全国卷Ⅰ语文答案

语文

本试卷共10页，22小题，满分150分。考试用时150分钟

注意事项:

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上用2B错笔将试卷类型(A)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。

2. 作答选择题时，选出每小题客案后，用2B错笔在答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。答案不能答在试卷上。

3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新客案;不准使用铝笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。

4. 考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读(36 分)

(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

对文学艺术创作者来说，或早或晚，都会遭遇到这个问题——为谁创作、为谁立言?习近平同志强调:“文学艺术创造、哲学社会科学研究首先要搞清楚为谁创作、为谁立言的问题，这是一个根本问题。人民是创作的源头活水，只有扎根人民，创作才能获得取之不尽、用之不竭的源泉。”

认识人民创造历史的主体地位，是为了从理性和情感上把自己放到人民中间，是为了解决我是谁、我属于谁的问题，新文化运动以来，无论是经历革命与战争考验的现代作家，还是上世纪80年代那批经历了知青岁月的当代作家，他们内心其实都有一方情感根据地，都和某一片土地上的人民建立了非常深切的情感关系。这些作家是属于某个情感共同体的，这个共同体时刻提醒着他，他的生命和创作与这世界上更广大的人群休戚相关。一个普普通通的劳动者，或许并不是我们的读者，但这并不妨碍我们将他以及他所代表的广大人民作为我们认识现实，理解时代的依据。

以人民为中心，就是要坚持以精品奉献人民，在新的时代条件下，我国文化产品供给的主要矛盾已经不是缺不缺、够不够的问题，而是好不好、精不精的问题。诚然，娱乐和消费也是人民群众精神文化需要的一部分，但是，有责任感的艺术家会深深感到，我们就生活在那些为美好生活、为民族复兴而奋斗的人们中间，理应对我们的共同奋斗负有共同责任。我们有责任通过形象的塑造，凝聚精神上的认同。这种认同，是对国家和民族未来的认同，是与新时代伟大历史进程的同频共振。作家和艺术家只有把自己看成人民的儿子，积极投身于人们争取美好未来的壮阔征程，才有能力创造出闪耀着明亮光芒的文艺，照亮和雕刻一个民族的灵魂。

(摘编自铁凝《照亮和雕刻民族的灵魂》)

1.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，正确的一项是(3分)

A.作家树立了与时代积极互动的理念，在创作实践中就能做到以人民为中心。

B.对人民的情感认同，是新文化运动以来很多作家创作取得成功的重要原因。

C.人民是认识现实、理解时代的依据，因为普通劳动者才是文艺最理想的读者

D.真正扎根时代、富有责任感的艺术家，无须考虑人民群众的娱乐和消费需求。

2.下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.文章采用提出问题、分析问题的方式展开论证，在逻辑上也是逐层递进的。

B.文章论证兼顾现实与历史，既有对当下创作的分析，也有对历史经验的总结。

C.文章引用人民英雄纪念碑碑文内容，巧妙衔接了上下文，也有力支撑了论点。

D.文章末段论证了正面人物的塑造是新时代文艺“以人民为中心”的根本体现。

3. 根据原文内容，下列说法不正确的项是(3分)

A.对于那些认为现实走在小说家想象力前面的作家而言，困难在于如何把握生活的复杂结构和本质内容。

B.对艺术家而言，日新月异的变革时代，既意味着巨大挑战，也能激发创作热情，促使他们投身沸腾的生活。

C.老舍曾说:“不去与劳动人民结为莫逆的好友，是写不出结结实实的作品的。”这与文中情感共同体的理念是相通的。

D.我国当下文化产品供给的主要矛盾已经由量的问题转向质的问题，艺术家的创作也应少而精，凝聚共识。

(二)实用类文本阅读(本题共3小题，12分)

阅读下面的文字，完成4~6题。

材料一:

可移动文化遗产的保护是指运用各种方法延长可移动文化遗产寿命的专业性活动。保护技术推进的核心是找到与遗产变化状况相适应的保护方法，以便及时对藏品进行预警、干预，使藏品保持健康的状态。在此过程中，预防、治理、修复三个方面的技术运用起着至关重要的作用。预防是所有的减缓文化遗产恶化和损毁的行为的总称，它涉及光照度、环境条件、安全、防火和突发事件的准备等方面。治理是通过外界的干预直接作用于可移动文化遗产的保护行为，是为了消除正在损毁遗产的外界因素，从而使遗产恢复到健康的状态。根据可移动文化遗产遭受“病痛”情形的差异，治理技术可以分为杀虫、去酸、脱水和清洁等类型。修复是对已经发生变形或变性的遗产进行处理，使之恢复到原有的形态或性质。修复的内容大致分为两个方面: 一是清除文物和标本上的一切附着物;二是修补文物和标本的残缺部分。 (摘编自周耀林《可移动文化遗产保护策略研究》)

材料二：

以温度25℃，相对湿度50%为标准寿命(设其指数为1.00)，计算在温度15℃、35℃和温度10%、30%、70%条件下，纸张的寿命和标准寿命的倍教关系，结果见下表:

(摘编自李景仁等《图书档案保护技术手册》)

材料三:

毛里求斯是非洲一个岛国，位于赤道南部的西印度洋上，气候湿热多雨。毛里求斯拟修复的档案文件，形成于18世纪，文件纸张为破布浆机制纸，字迹材料为酸性烟黑墨水，双面手写。以手感鉴别，柔韧性极差，几乎一触即碎。通过测试数据可知，文件纸张严重酸化。应毛里求斯大使馆的要求和委托，国家图书馆图书保护组和图书修整组的技术人员，对部分档案文件进行了实验性去酸和修复。方案如下:

(1)去酸方案

(2)修复方案

档案文件修复后，纸张的强度和柔韧性有了很大程度的提高，原来一触即碎的文件纸张，现在不但可以正常翻阅，甚至可以拿起抖动，对于文件修复前后的变化，毛里求斯大使馆人员表示惊讶，称之为“魔术般的变化”。

(摘编自周崇润等《关于毛里求斯档案文件的去酸与修复》)

4.下列不属于可移动文化遗产“修复”工作的一项是(3分)

A.使用真空干燥法对受潮的古代文献进行处理。

B.使用盐酸、硝酸等化学试剂给青铜器除锈。

C.使用纸浆补书机对破损的古籍进行修补。

D.使用树脂黏合剂粘接破碎的古代瓷器。

5.下列对材料相关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.预防是为了减缓可移动文化遗产遭受损害而采取的必要措施和行动，其侧重点主要在于可移动文化遗产的外部环境。

B. 如果将温度25℃、相对湿度50%下纸张的寿命定为标准寿命，当湿度不变、温度降低10℃时，纸张的寿命倍数就会达到5.81。

C.纸浆补书机修补法对于修复纸张的酸性特别理想，这种方法既可以增强纸张的强度，又不会影响字迹的清晰度。

D.国家图书馆的技术人员对毛里求斯形成于18世纪的档案文件的修复工作是可移动文化遗产保护的成功案例。

6.请结合材料，分析毛里求斯想要修复的档案文件的受损原因。(6分)

(三)文学类文本阅读(本题共3小题，15分)阅读下面的文字，完成7~9题。

理水(节选)

鲁迅

当两位大员回到京都的时候，别的考察员也大抵陆续回来了，只有禹还在外，他们在家里休息了几天，水利局的同事们就在局里大排筵宴，替他们接风。这一天真是车水马龙，不到黄昏时候，主客就全都到齐了，院子里却已经点起庭燎来，鼎中的牛肉香，直透到门外虎贲的鼻子跟前，大家就一齐咽口水。酒过三巡，大员们就讲了一些水乡沿途的风景，芦花似雪，泥水如金，黄鱔青腴，青苔滑溜……等等。微醺之后，才取出大家采集了来的民食来，都装着细巧的木匣子，盖上写着文字，有的是伏羲八卦体，有的是仓颉鬼哭体，大家就先来赏鉴这些字，争论得几乎打架之后，才决定以写着“国泰民安”的一块为第一，因为不但文字质朴难识，有上古淳厚之风，而且立言也很得体，可以宣付史馆的。

“什么?——看明白!”当头是一条瘦长的莽汉，粗手粗脚的，怔了一下，大声说。

卫兵们在昏黄中定晴一看，就恭恭敬敬的立正，举戈，放他们进去了。

局里的大厅上发生了扰乱。大家一望见一群莽汉们奔来，纷纷都想躲避，但看不见耀眼的兵器，就又硬着头皮，定睛去看。头一个虽然面貌黑瘦，但从神情上，也就认识他正是禹;其余的自然是他的随员。

这一吓，把大家的酒意都吓退了，沙沙的一阵衣裳声，立刻都退在下面。禹便径跨到席上，并不屈膝而坐，却伸开了两脚，把大脚底对着大员们。又不穿袜子，满脚底都是栗子一般的老茧。随员们就分坐在他的左右。

“大人是今天回京的?”一位大胆的属员，膝行而前了一点，恭敬的问。

“你们坐近一点来!”禹不答他的询问，只对大家说。“查的怎么样?”

大员们一面膝行而前，一面面面相觑，列坐在残筵的下面，看见咬过的松皮饼和啃光的牛骨头。非常不自在——却又不敢叫膳夫来收去。

“禀大人，”一位大员终于说，“倒还像个样子——印象甚佳。松皮水草，出产不少;饮料呢，那可丰富得很，百姓都很老实，他们是过惯了的。”

“卑职可是已经拟好了募捐的计划，”又一位大员说。“准备开一个奇异食品展览会，另请女隗小姐来做时装表演，来看的可以多一点。”

“这很好。”禹说着，向他弯一弯腰。

“不过第一要紧的是赶快派一批大木筏去，把学者们接上高原来。”第三位大员说，学者们有一个公呈在这里，他们以为文化是一国的命脉，学者是文化的灵魂，只要文化存在，华夏也就存在，别的一切，倒还在其次……”

“他们以为华夏的人口太多了，” 第一位大员道，“减少一些倒也是致太平之道。况且那些不过是愚民，那喜怒哀乐，也决没有智者所推想的那么精微的。……”

静得好像坟山;大员们的脸上也显出死色，许多人还觉得自己生了病，明天恐怕要请病假了。

“这是蚩尤的法子!”一个勇敢的青年官员悄悄的愤激着。

“卑职的愚见，窃以为大人是似乎应该收回成命的。”一位白须白发的大员，这时觉得天下兴亡，系在他的嘴上了，便把心一横，置死生于度外，坚决的抗议道：“湮是老大人的成法。‘三年无改于父之道，可谓孝矣。’——老大人升天还不到三年。”

禹一声也不响。

“况且老大人化过多少心力呢。借了上帝的息壤，来湮洪水，虽然触了上帝的恼怒，洪水的深度可也浅了一点了。这似乎还是照例的治下去。”另一位花白须发的大员说，他是禹的母舅的干儿子。

禹一声也不响。

他举手向两旁一指。白须发的，花须发的，小白脸的，胖而流着油汗的，胖而不流油汗的官员们，跟着他的指头看过去，只见一排黑瘦的乞丐似的东西，不动，不言，不笑，像铁铸的一样。

7.下列对本文相关内容和艺术特色的分析鉴赏，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.第一段中，洪灾中的民间疾苦被筵宴上大啖酒肉的大员们转化为“水乡沿途的风景”等谈资，这不仅是讽刺，更表达了忧愤。

B.鲁迅善以细节传神，文中写胖大官员脸上“流出着一层油汗”，与写祥林嫂“眼珠间或一轮”样，都是以外在细节刻画人物内在特征。

C.针对禹提出的“导”的治水方法，众大员软硬兼施，口口声声“老大人”，是以所谓“孝”给禹施压，实质上还是反对禹的变革。

D.文中有意使用“水利局”“时装表演““摩登”等现代词语，以游戏笔墨颠覆了“大禹治水”的严肃性与真实性，从而传达出历史的虚无感。

8. 鲁迅说:“我们从古以来，就有埋头苦干的人，有拼命硬干的人，有为民请命的人，有舍身求法的人，……这就是中国的脊梁。”请谈谈本文是如何具体塑造这样的“中国的脊梁”的。(6分)

9.《理水》是鲁迅小说集《故事新编》中的一篇，请从“故事”与“新编”的角度简析本文的基本特征。(6分)

二、古诗文阅读

(一)文言文阅读(共4小题，19分)

阅读下面文言文，完成10~13题。

贾生名谊洛阳人也年十八以能诵诗属书闻于郡中吴廷尉为河南守闻其秀才召置门下甚幸爱孝文皇帝初立。闻河南守吴公治平为天下第一，故与李斯同邑而尝学事焉，乃征为廷尉。廷尉乃言贾生年少，颇通诸子百家之书。文帝召以为博士。是时贾生年二十余，最为少。每诏令议下，诸老先生不能言，贾生尽为之对，人人各如其意所欲出。诸生于是乃以为能不及也。孝文帝说之，超迁，一岁中至太中大夫。

贾生以为汉兴至孝文二十余年，天下和洽，而固当改正朔，易服色，法制度，定官名，兴礼乐。乃悉草具其事仪法，色尚黄，数用五，为官名，悉更秦之法。孝文帝初即位，谦让未遑也。诸律令所更定，及列侯悉就国，其说皆自贾生发之。于是天子议以为贾生任公卿之位。绛、灌、东阳侯、冯敬之属尽害之，乃短贾生曰:“洛阳之人，年少初学，专欲擅权，纷乱诸事。”是天子后亦疏之，不用其议，乃以贾生为长沙王太傅。贾生既辞往行，闻长沙卑湿，自以寿不得长，又以谪去，意不自得。及渡湘水，为赋以吊屈原。为长沙王太傅三年，后岁余，贾生征见。孝文帝方受釐，坐宣室，上因感鬼神事，而问鬼神之本。贾生因具道所以然之状。至夜半，文帝前席。既罢，曰:“吾久不见贾生，自以为过之，今不及也。”居顷之，拜贾生为梁怀王太傅。梁怀王，文帝之少子，爱而好书，故令贾生傅之。文帝复封淮南厉王子四人皆为列侯。贾生谏，以为患之兴自此起矣。贾生数上疏，言诸侯或连数郡，非古之制，可稍削之。文帝不听。居数年，怀王骑，堕马而死，无后。贾生自伤为傅无状，哭泣岁余，亦死。

[注]：釐：胙肉，祭过神的宝食：受釐，一种祈神降福的仪式。(选自《史记·屈原贾生列传》)

10.下列对文中划线部分的断句，正确的一项是( )

A.贾生名谊/洛阳人也/年十八/以能诵诗属书闻于郡中吴廷尉/为河南守/闻其秀才/召置门下/甚幸爱

B.贾生名谊/洛阳人也/年十八/以能诵诗属书闻于郡中/吴廷尉为河南守/闻其秀才/召置/门下甚幸爱

C.贾生名谊/洛阳人也/年十八/以能诵诗属书闻于郡中/吴廷尉为河南守/闻其秀才/召置门下/甚幸爱

D.贾生名谊/洛阳人也/年十八/以能诵诗属书闻/于郡中吴廷尉为河南守/闻其秀才/召置门下/甚幸爱

11.下列对文中加点的词语相关内容的解说，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.诸子百家是先秦至汉初学术派别的总称，其中又以道、法、农三家影响最深远。

B.诏令作为古代的文体名称，是以皇帝的名义所发布的各种命令、文告的总称。

C.礼乐指礼制和音乐，古代帝王常常用兴礼乐作为手段，以维护社会秩序的稳定。

D.就国，是指受到君主分封并获得领地后，受封者前往领地居住井进行统治管理。

12.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A. 贾谊初入仕途，展现非凡才能。他受到廷尉推荐而入仕，当时年仅二十余岁，却让诸生自觉不如，不久得到文帝越级提拔，一年之间就当上太中大夫。

B. 贾谊热心政事，遭到权要忌恨。他认为汉朝建立二十余年，政通人和，应当全盘改变秦朝法令，因此触及权贵利益，受到诋毁，文帝后来也疏远了他。

C. 贾谊答复询问，重新得到重用，文帝询问鬼神之事，对贾谊的回答很满意，于是任命他为自己钟爱的小儿子梁怀王的太傅，又表示自己也比不上贾谊。

D. 贾谊劝止封侯，文帝未予采纳。文帝封淮南厉王四个儿子为候，贾谊认为祸忠将白此兴起;数年之后，梁怀王堕马死，贾谊觉得未能尽责，悲泣而死。

13.把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)

(1)乃短贾生日:“洛阳之人，年少初学，专欲擅权，纷乱诸事。”

(2)贾生数上疏，言诸侯或连数郡，非古之制，可稍削之。

(二)古代诗歌阅读(本题共2小题，9分)

阅读下面这首宋诗，完成14~15题。

题许道宁画[注] 陈与义

满眼长江水，苍然何郡山?

向来万里意，今在一窗间。

众木俱含晚，孤云遂不还。

此中有佳句，吟断不相关。

[注]许道宁:北宋画家。

14.下列对这首诗的赏析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.这首题画诗写景兼抒情，并未刻意进行雕琢，却能够于简淡中见新奇。

B.山水是这幅画的主要元素，特别是江水，占据了画面上大部分的篇幅。

C.诗人透过一扇小窗远距离欣赏这幅画作，领略其表现的辽阔万里之势。

D.颈联具体写到苍茫暮色中的树木与浮云，也蕴含了欣赏者的主观感受。

15.诗的尾联有什么含意?从中可以看出诗人对这幅画有什么样的评价?(6分)

(三)名篇名句默写(本题共1小题，6分)

16.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(6分)

(1)《庄子·逍遥游》中的斥鴳无法理解大鹏，称自己腾跃起飞，“____，____”，也就是飞行的极致了。

(2)李白《蜀道难》中“____，____”两句，回顾了“五丁开山”的传说。

(3)范仲淹《渔家傲(塞下秋来风景异)》中“______，______”两句，写戍边将士满怀思乡的愁苦，但未获胜利仍然不得还乡。

三、语言文字运用(20分)

阅读下面的文字，完成17~19题。

中国传统音乐包括民间音乐、宗教音乐、文人音乐、宫廷音乐等类别，其中文人音乐的代表主要就是古琴艺术，但随着传统文人阶层在中国的消失，古琴艺术逐渐_____、甚至被社会遗忘，直到20，中国的古琴艺术被联合国教科文组织列入“人类口头和非物质遗产代表作名录”，这种过去对文化有着深刻影响的艺术形式，才重新____了生机。( )，但我认为这恰恰是它的一个特点。正因为古琴音量小，使得它是直接和你的心进行交流的乐器，是最个人化的乐器，我国古代就有“琴者，心也”“琴者，禁也”的说法。“琴者，心也”即弹琴是为了和自己的心灵对话，与大自然交流，与三五“知音”互相欣赏;“琴者，禁也”即弹琴是为了____自己，也说明在古人心目中，琴不仅是一件乐器，也是____的工具。

17.依次填入文中横线上的词语，全都恰当的一项是(3分)

A.边缘化获得制约放松身心 B.私人化获得制约修身养性

C.私人化焕发约束放松身心 D.边缘化焕发约束修身养性

18.下列填入文中括号内的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是(3分)

A.古琴的缺点是音量小，这是很多人的看法

B.音量小作为古琴的一个缺点，被很多人所批评

C.音量小是古琴的一个缺点，很多人都是这么认为的

D.古琴音量小，很多人认为这是它的一个缺点

19.文中画横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是(3分)

A.正因为古琴音量小，所以使得它是直接和你的心进行交流的最个人化的乐器。

B.正是古琴音量小，使得它是直接和你的心进行交流的乐器，是最个人化的乐器。

C.正是音量小，使得古琴成为直接和你的心进行交流的乐器，是最个人化的乐器。

D.正因为音量小，使得古琴成为直接和你的心进行交流的最个人化的乐器。

20.在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密，每处不超过12个字。(6分)

研究发现，人们所受压力会增加血液中糖皮质激素的含量，而糖皮质激素可将前体细胞变为脂肪细胞，所以 ① 。但人们过去不清楚，为什么白天压力大不一定会变胖，而上夜班之类的压力则常与肥胖相联系。最近一项研究揭开了谜底：健康人的糖皮质激素水平在24小时内呈节律性涨落，早8点最高，凌晨3点最低，如果打破节律，在糖皮质激素水平② ，糖皮质激素的增加就会导致更多前体细胞变为脂防细胞，如果顺应节律，在糖皮质激素水平本来就是峰值时，即使增加很多糖皮质激素，也不易引起脂肪细胞增加。可见， ③ 非常重要，夜间长期经历持续性压力体重会明增加。

21.把下面一段话的主要意思压缩成一段话，不超过50个字。(5分)

传统观点认为，中国和欧洲的陶瓷贸易始于明代。近日，英国杜伦大学证实，该校考古系与中国故宫博物馆考古所，联合整理研究了在西班牙萨拉戈萨等地出土的十余种中国唐代至宋代早期的陶瓷器残片，表明这些陶瓷是当时随阿拉伯商人经印度洋与红海贸易到达地中海地区的。这就将中欧陶瓷贸易的起始时间大大向前推进了，证明了“海上丝绸之路”早在唐代就已延伸至西欧。

四、作文(60分)

22.阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。

语文试题参考答案

一、现代文阅读

(一)

1.B 2.D 3.D

(二)

4.A 5.C

6.①档案文件形成的年代久远;②档案文件的纸张严重酸化;③毛里求斯的气候湿热多雨，不利于档案文件的保存。

(三)

7.D

8.①形象描写。将禹及其随员描写为“乞丐似的大汉”，写出艰苦卓绝的实干家形象。②言行描写。文中的禹坚毅寡言，一旦说话，则刚直有力。③对比手法。始终在同众大员的对比中塑造禹及其随员，从而凸显其“中国的脊梁”形象。

9.①大禹治水的“故事”本身于史有据，作品查考典籍博采文献，富有历史韵味;②“新编”表现为新的历史讲述方式，如细节虚构、现代语词掺入、杂文笔法使用，作品充满想象力及创造性;③对“故事”进行“新编”，着眼于对历史与现实均作出观照，作品具有深刻的思想性。

二、古代诗文阅读

(一)

10.C 11.A 12.C

13.(1)于是说贾谊坏话道:“洛阳之人，年轻学浅，一味想独揽权力，使事情变得复杂混乱。”

(2)贾生屡次上奏，说诸侯封地有的接连数郡，不合古代制度，可以逐渐削减其封地。

(二)

14.C

15.第一问：画中蕴含着诗意，但无法用语言准确表达。

第二问：这幅画意境深远，韵致悠长，令人玩味不已。

16.(1)不过数仞而下翱翔蓬蒿之间

(2)地崩山摧壮士死然后天梯石栈相钩连

(3)浊酒一杯家万里燕然未勒归无计

三、语言文字运用

17.D 18.D 19.C

20.示例：

①压力与肥胖有联系

②本来应该是低谷时

③压力产生的时间

21.关键信息：①中英联合考古研究;②中欧陶瓷贸易起始时间不晚于唐代;③“海上丝绸之路”在唐代已廷伸至西欧。

四、写作

22.略

篇8：高考全国卷I英语真题 20高考全国卷I英语答案

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1.Where does this conversation take place?

A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C.In a museum.

2.What does Jack want to do?

A. Take fitness classes.

B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.

C. Change his work schedule.

3.What are the speakers talking about?

A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave.

4.What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers.

5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?

A. She might want a ticket.

B. She is looking for the man.

C. She has an extra ticket.

第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.How long did James run his business?

A.10 years. B.13years. C.15 years.

7.How does the woman feel about James' situation?

A. Embarrassed. B. Concerned. C. Disappointed.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.What has Kate's mother decided to do?

A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work.

9.What did Kate's mother study at college?

A. Oil painting. B. Art history. C. Business administration.

10.What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision?

A. Disapproving. B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.What is the man doing?

A. Chairing a meeting.

B. Hosting a radio program.

C. Conducting a job interview.

12.What benefits Mary most in her job?

A. Her wide reading. B. Her leaders' guidance. C. Her friends' help

13.Who will Mary talk about next?

A. Her teacher. B. Her father C. Her mother.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14.Why does the man seldom do exercise?

A. He lacks motivation.

B. He has a heart problem.

C. He works all the time.

15.What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?

A. He's an athlete. B. He's a researcher. C. He's a journalist.

16.Why does the woman speak of a study?

A. To encourage the man.

B. To recommend an exercise.

C. To support her findings.

17.How much time will the man probably spend exercising weekly?

A.300 minutes. B.150 minute. C.75 minutes.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18.What did the scientists do to the road?

A. They repaired it. B. They painted it. C. They blocked it

19.Why are young birds drawn to the road surface?

A. It's warm. B. It's brown. C. It's smooth.

20.What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment?

A. To keep the birds there for a whole year.

B. To help students study the birds well.

C. To prevent the birds from being killed.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Need a Job This Summer?

The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.

Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.

Jobs for Youth

If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.

Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities(社区).

Summer Company

Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.

Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.

Stewardship Youth Ranger Program

You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.

Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.

Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)

Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.

Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.

21. What is special about Summer Company?

A. It requires no training before employment.

B. It provides awards for running new businesses.

C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.

D. It offers more summer job opportunities.

22. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program?

A.15-18. B.15-24. C.15-29. D.16-17.

23. Which program favors the disabled?

A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company.

C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D. Summer Employment Opportunities.

For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right now it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid who would enjoy public speaking.

But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today why you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, whispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.

A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)how at the beginning of the year，when called upon to read，Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.

Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student who is learning English as their new language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t know，but I want to know.’”

Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.

“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident.”

24. What made Chris nervous?

A. Telling a story. B. Making a speech.

C. Taking a test. D. Answering a question.

25. What does the underlined word “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?

A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners. C. Spelling mistakes. D. Silly jokes.

26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.

A. help students see their own strengths

B. assess students’ public speaking skills

C. prepare students for their future jobs

D. inspire students’ love for politics

27. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher?

A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring. D. Demanding.

As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for biometric(生物测量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.

Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to—regardless of whether someone gets the password right.

It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.

In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word “touch”four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.

28. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard?

A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing

C. To replace the password system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.

29. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible?

A. Computers are much easier to operate.

B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.

C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.

D. Data security measures are guaranteed.

30. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard?all 1o soisgitieoco oll.

A. It'll be environment-friendly. B. It'll reach consumers soon.

C. It'll be made of plastics. D. It'll help speed up typing.

31. Where is this text most likely from?

A. A diary. B.A guidebook C. A novel. D. A magazine.

During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.

Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.

Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”

In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us.”

Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.

In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. “Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.

32. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school?

A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.

33.What is the second paragraph mainly about?

A. The classification of the popular.

B. The characteristics of adolescents.

C. The importance of interpersonal skills.

D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.

34. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids?

A. They appeared to be aggressive.

B. They tended to be more adaptable.

C. They enjoyed the highest status.

D. They performed well academically.

35. What is the best title for the text?

A. Be Nice-You Won’t Finish Last

B. The Higher the Status, the Beer

C. Be the Best-You Can Make It

D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?

We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.

37 If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.

Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.

40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.

A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.

B. So what are you waiting for?

C. Being in nature refreshes us.

D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.

E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?

F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.

G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 with them lots of waste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.

Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.

However, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .

The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 55 — low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 56 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 : gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 59 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.

Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?I found the opposite to be true.

41. A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring

42. A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters

43. A. position B. age C. face D. name

44. A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy

45. A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate

46. A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones

47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean

48. A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary

49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away

50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight

51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded

52. A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose

53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials

54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to

55. A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits

56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add

57. A. village B. desert C. road D. lake

58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally

59. A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial

60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire

第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 61 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.

Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：

1.写信目的：

2.个人优势：

3.能做的事情。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;

3.结束语已为你写好。

答案

第一部分听力

1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A

6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C

11. B 12. A 13. C 14. A 15. B

16. A 17. C 18. B 19. A 20. C

第二部分阅读理解

21. B 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. A

26. A 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. B

31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A

36. E 37. A 38. G 39. C 40. D

第三部分语言知识运用

41. D 42. C 43. C 44. B 45. A

46. C 47. D 48. C 49. A 50. B

51. D 52. A 53. B 54. D 55. A

56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. B

61. that 62. poorly 63. of/for 64. to perform 65. have report

66. belief 67. noting 68. higher 69. the 70. are

第四部分写作

第一节

I becamein playing football thanks to a small accident.

One afternoonI was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly

football fell just in front of mealmost hit me.

I stopped the ball and kicked itback to the playground. To everyone’s, the ball went into the net. All the footballon the playground cheered loudly,that I had a talent for football. Fromon, I started to playfootball with classmates after school. I am a good player now.

第二节(略)

篇9：高考全国卷II语文真题 20高考全国卷II语文答案

语文

本试卷共22题，共150分，共10页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。

2.答题时请按要求用笔。

3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效;在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。

4.作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。

5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。

一、现代文阅读(36分)

(一)论述类文本阅读(本题共3小题，9分)

阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题。

杜甫之所以能有集大成之成就，是因为他有可以集大成之容量。而其所以能有集大成之容量，最重要的因素，乃在于他生而禀有一种极为难得的健全才性——那就是他的博大、均衡与正常。杜甫是一位感性与理性兼长并美的诗人，他一方面具有极大极强的感性，可以深入到他接触的任何事物，把握住他所欲攫取的事物之精华;另一方面又有着极清明周至的理性，足以脱出于一切事物的蒙蔽与局限，做到博观兼美而无所偏失。

这种优越的禀赋表现于他的诗中，第一点最可注意的成就，便是其汲取之博与途径之正。就诗歌体式风格方面而言，古今长短各种诗歌他都能深入撷取尽得其长，而且不为一体所限，更能融会运用，开创变化，千汇万状而无所不工。我们看他《戏为六绝句》之论诗，以及与当时诸大诗人，如李白、高适、岑参、王维、孟浩然等，酬赠怀念的诗篇中论诗的话，都可看到杜甫采择与欣赏的方面之广;而自其《饮中八仙歌》《曲江三章》《同谷七歌》等作中，则可见到他对各种诗体运用变化之神奇工妙;又如从《自京赴奉先县咏怀五百字》《北征》及“三吏”“三别”等五古之作中，可看到杜甫自汉魏五言古诗变化而出的一种新面貌。就诗歌内容方面而言，杜甫更是无论妍媸巨细，悲欢忧喜，宇宙的一切人物情态，都能随物赋形，淋漓尽致地收罗笔下而无所不包，如写青莲居士之“飘然思不群”，写空谷佳人之“日暮倚修竹”;写丑拙则“袖露两肘”，写工丽则“燕子风斜”;写玉华宫之荒寂，予人以一片沉哀悲响;写洗兵马之欢忭，写出一片欣奋祝愿之情、其涵蕴之博与变化之多，都足以为其禀赋之博大、均衡与正常的证明。

其次值得注意的，则是杜甫严肃中之幽默与担荷中之欣赏，我以为每一位诗人对于其所面临的悲哀与艰苦，都各有其不同的反应态度，如渊明之任化，太白之腾跃，摩诘之禅解，子厚之抑敛。东坡之旷观，六一之遣玩，都各因其才气性情而有所不同，然大别之，不过为对悲苦之消融与逃避。其不然者，则如灵均之怀沙自沉，乃完全为悲苦所击败而毁命丧生，然而杜甫却独能以其健全的才性，表现为面对悲苦的正视与担荷。所以天宝的乱离，在当时诗人中，唯杜甫反映者为独多，这正因杜甫独具一份担荷的力量，所以才能使大时代的血泪，都成为了他天才培育的浇灌，而使其有如此强大的担荷之力量的，则端赖他所有的一份幽默与欣赏的余裕。他一方面有极主观的深入的感情，一方面又有极客观的从容的观赏，如著名的《北征》诗，于饱写沿途之人烟萧瑟、所遇被伤、呻吟流血之余，却忽然笔锋一转，竟而写起青云之高兴，幽事之可悦，山果之红如丹砂，黑如点漆，而于归家后，又复于饥寒凛冽之中，大写其幼女晓妆一片娇痴之态。此外，杜甫虽终生过着艰苦的生活，而其诗体中却往往有“戏为”“戏赠”“戏作”等字样，凡此种.种，都说明杜甫才性之健全，所以才能有严肃中之幽默与担荷中之欣赏，相反而相成的两方面的表现。这种复杂的综合，足以为其禀赋之博大、均衡与正常的又一证明。

(摘编自叶嘉莹《轮渡复七律直言进及其承先启后之成就》)

1.下列关于原文内容的理解和分析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.杜甫有一种难得的健全才性，能兼容感性与理性，对事物进行综合全面的把握。

B.从杜甫论诗作品中，可以看出他对古今长短各种诗歌的体式风格都有正面评价。

C.杜甫的诗歌涵括范围非常广泛，善于以变化的笔触，表现社会生活和人情物态。

D.对于天宝年间的乱离，杜甫在诗中既有主观感情的投入，又有客观视角的关照。多情的投入，又有客观视角的观照。

2.下列对原文论证的相关分析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.文章用先总论后分论的结构，论证健全才性是杜甫取得集大成成就的重要因素。

B.文章从体式风格和内容两方面，来论证杜甫诗歌创作的汲取之博与途径之正。

C.文章在论证诗人对待悲苦的态度时，将杜甫和陶渊明、屈原等诗人作了对比。

D.文章论证了杜甫所以对时代苦难有担荷力量，是因为他广泛汲取了前人传统。

3.根据原文内容，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.杜甫之前的诗人，或以感性见长，或以理性见长，至杜甫方能二者兼备。

B.杜甫勇于尝试各种诗体，在七言律诗上谨守传统，在五言古诗上则作出革新。

C.对逃避、被击败与正面担荷这三种回应危机方式，作者在情感态度上一视同仁。

D.杜甫诗歌震撼人心的力量，部分来自严肃与幽默之间、担荷与欣赏之间的平衡。

二、古代诗文阅读(34分)

(一)文言文阅读(本题共4小题，19分)

阅读下面的文言文，完成10～13题。

商君者，卫之诸庶孽公子也，名鞅，姓公孙氏，其祖本姬姓也，鞅少好刑名之学，事魏相公叔座。公叔座知其贤，未及进。会座病魏惠王亲往问病公叔曰公孙鞅年虽少有奇才愿王举国而听之王即不听用鞅必杀之无令出境公叔既死，鞅闻秦孝公下令国中求贤者，将修缪公之业，东复侵地，乃遂西入秦，因孝公宠臣景监以求见孝公。公与语，数日不厌。景监曰：“子何以中吾君?吾君之欢甚也。”鞅曰：“吾以强国之术说君，君大说之耳。”孝公既用卫鞅，鞅欲变法，恐天下议己。卫换曰：“疑行无名，疑事无功。圣人苟可以强国，不法其故;苟可以利民，不循其礼。”孝公曰：“善。”“治世不一道，便国不法古。故汤武不循古而王，夏般不易礼而亡。反古者不可非，而循礼者不足多。”孝公曰：“善。”以卫鞅为左庶长，卒定变法之令。令行于民期年，秦民之国都言初令之不便者以千数。于是太子犯法。卫鞅曰：“法之不行，自上犯之。”将法太子。太子，君嗣也，不可施刑，刑其傅公子虔，黥其师公孙贾。明日，秦人皆趋令。行之十年，秦民大说，道不拾遗，山无盗贼，家给人足。民勇于公战，怯于私斗，乡邑大治。于是以鞅为大良造。居五年，秦人富强。孝公使卫鞅将而伐魏。卫鞅伏甲士而袭虏魏公子印，因攻其军，尽破之以归秦。魏惠王兵数破于齐秦，国内空，日以削，恐，乃使使割河西之地，献于秦以和。而魏随去安邑，徙都大梁，惠王日：“寡人恨不用公叔痤之言也。”卫鞅既破魏还，秦封之於、商十五邑，号为商君。

(节选自《史记·商君列传》)

10.下列对文中画波浪线部分的断句，正确的一项是(3分)

A.会座病/魏惠王亲往问病/公叔曰/公孙鞅年虽少有/奇才/愿王举国而听之/王即不听用鞅/必杀之/无令出境/

B.会座病/魏惠王亲往问病/公叔曰/公孙鞅年虽少/有奇才/愿王举国而听之/王即不听用鞅/必杀之/无令出境/

C.会座病/魏惠王亲往问病/公叔曰/公孙鞅年虽少/有奇才/愿王举国而听之/王即不听/用鞅必杀之/无令出境/

D.会座病/魏惠王亲往问病/公叔曰/公孙鞅年虽少/有奇才/愿王举国/而听之/王即不听用鞅/必杀之/无令出境/

11.下列对文中加点的词语相关内容的解说，不正确一项是

A.缪公即秦穆公，春秋时秦国国君，在位期间任用贤臣，使国力趋强，称霸西戎。

B.汤武即商汤与孙武的并称，他们二人均以善于用人用计，战功赫赫，留名于青史。

C.变法是指对国家的法令制度作出重大变革，商鞅变法为秦国富强奠定了基础。

D.黥是古代的一种刑罚，在犯人脸上刺上记号或文字并涂上墨，在刑罚之中较轻。

12.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.商鞅投奔秦国，受到孝公赏识。他本是卫国公子，恰遇秦孝公招揽贤才，于是通过景监见到孝公，说之以强国之术，孝公与他交谈，数日不觉厌烦。

B.商鞅旁征博引，说服孝公变法。他初步站稳脚跟后，又借历史兴亡来证明改革的必要，劝说孝公变法，最终孝公赐予他官职，又下达了变法的命令。

C.商鞅厉行法治，秦国太平富强。他铁面无私，不徇私情，无论何人犯法均施以刑罚，国人受此震慑，全都遵守法令，治安状况改善，民众家给人足。

D.魏国被迫迁都，惠王深表懊悔。魏国战事失利，无奈割让河西之地献给秦国以求和，并迁都至大梁，惠王感慨说，遗憾的是没有听从公叔座的劝告。

13.把文中画横线的句子翻译成现代汉语。(10分)。

(1)圣人苟可以强国，不法其故;苟可以利民，不循其礼。

(2)令行于民期年，秦民之国都言初令之不便者以干数。

(二)古代诗歌阅读(本题共2小题，9分)

阅读下面这首唐诗，完成14~15题。

投长沙裴侍郎杜荀鹤

此身虽贱道长存，非谒朱门谒孔门。

只望至公将卷读[注]，不求朝士致书论。

垂纶雨结渔乡思，吹木风传雁夜瑰。

男子受恩须有地，平生不受等闲思。

[注]至公：科举时代对主考官的敬称。

14.下列对这首诗的理解和分析，不正确的一项是(3分)

A.诗人表示，虽然自己的社会地位低下，但对儒家思想的信奉坚定不移。

B.“朱门”“孔门”分别代指世俗的权势与精神的归依，形成鲜明的对比。

C.诗人希望自己能凭借真才实学通过正常渠道进身，而不愿去寻找捷径。

D.诗人表达了自己对待恩惠的态度，不随便接受别人的恩惠，受恩必报。

15.诗歌的颈联描写了两个具体场景，与其他各联直抒胸臆的写法不同，这样写在情感表达和结构安排方面有什么作用?(6分)

(三)名篇名句默写(本题共1小题，6分)

16.补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。(6分)

(1)《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》中“____________，____________”，表现了主人公的形象之美。

(2)杜牧《阿房宫赋》中“____________，____________”两句，写阿房宫占地极广且极为高大，以表现其雄壮之美。

(3)苏轼在《赤壁赋》中以“____________，____________”两句，写出了婉转悠长、延绵不尽的乐声之美。

三、语言文字运用(20分)

阅读下面的文字，完成17~19题。

中国画是融中国哲学思想、美学精神、绘画理念于一体的民族艺术。20世纪以来，新的文化思潮和艺术观念不断对中国化领域产生冲击，画家们既要突破传统观念推陈出新，又要继承传统发扬光大中国文化精神，( )，也造就了当今画坛的各种风格。

作为中华文化的传统瑰宝，中国画的笔墨纸砚等工具材料和表现方式有着其他画种无法比拟的特殊性。为历代画家崇尚与传承，其伟大而完整的绘画体系，成就了一代代宗师。然而，也正是这千百来逐渐趋于完美的绘画准则，让一些画家“长跪不起”，不敢轻易逾越雷池，仍在使用今日的笔墨纸张道说古人程式化的话语。事实上，单凭笔墨功力，是无法成就作品艺术灵魂的，画家能否凭借自己的生活积累和艺术感受，让传统文化内涵及现代人文精神在画面上得到充分体现，是新时代美术创作并行不悖的艺术法则。新时代的中国画创作者，应该以笔墨激扬时代精神，让中国画在多元共融的艺术格局中保持鲜活的生命力。

17.下列填入文中括号内的语句，衔接最恰当的一项是(3分)

A.这其中尺度的把握使画家对中国文化的不同理解

B.这其中尺度的把握体现着画家对中国文化的不同理解

C.面家对中国文化的不同理解，影响他们对其中尺度的把握

D.画家对中国文化的不同理解使他们对其中尺度的把握不同

18.对下列各句中的引号和文中“长跪不起”的引号，作用相同的一项是(3分)

A.我站在山脚抬头望去，只见无数火把排成许多“之”字形，一直向山顶延伸着。

B.父亲的话让我意识到，要打破我们父子之间这层令人悲哀的“厚壁障”太难了。

C.著名画家徐悲鸿笔下的马，正如有的评论家所说的那样，“形神兼备，充满生机”

D.他们的做法彻底撕掉了自己“文明”的面具，真相赤裸裸地展现在大家面前。

19.文中面横线的句子有语病，下列修改最恰当的一项是(3分)

A.画家凭借自己的生活积累和艺术感觉，让传统文化内涵及现代人文精神在画面上得到充分体现，是新时代美术创作至关重要的艺术法则。

B.画家能否凭借自己的生活积累和艺术感觉，让传统文化内涵及现代人文精神在画面上得到充分呈现，是新时代美术创作并行不悖的艺术法则。

C.画家凭借自己的生活积累和艺术感觉，让传统文化内涵及现代人文精神在画面上得到充分呈现，是新时代美术创作并行不悖的艺术法则。

D.画家能否凭借自己的生活积累和艺术感觉，让传统文化内涵及现代人文精神在画面上得到充分体现，是新时代类术创作至关重要的艺术法则。

20.在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密，每处不超过12个字。(6分)

在奇妙的植物王国，春天来临之时，有些植物先开花后长叶，1，还有些花叶同时生长，为什么呢?我们知道，植物的芽有叶芽、花芽和混合芽三种，叶芽发育为枝和叶，花芽发育成花或者花序，混合芽则发育成既长叶花又开花的枝条。而先开花还是先长叶，与2密切相关。如果花芽生长所需温度比较低，叶芽所需温度较高，则先花后叶;如果花芽3，则先叶后花，而那些叶芽与花芽对温度要求相似的植物，花叶便会同时发育，形成花叶同现的景象。

21.请对下面这段新闻报道的文字进行压缩。要求保留关键信息，句子简洁流畅，不超过60个字。(5分)

年的永定河补水工程于3月13日启动。本次补水工程加大了补水力度，到4月2日，已累计输水3 100万立方米。另外，拦截在河道上的官厅水库发电站、珠窝水库下马岭发电站、落坡岭水库的下苇甸发电站全都停用，以保证补水全部灌入河道。目前，门头沟区城内102公里的永定河山峡段，近40年来首次实现全级通水。

四、写作(60分)

22.阅读下面的材料，根据要求写作。(60分)

1919年，民族危亡之际，中国青年学生掀起了一场彻底反帝反封建的伟大爱国革命运动。1949年，中国人从此站立起来了!新中国青年投身于祖国建设的新征程。1979年，“科学的春天”生机勃勃，莘莘学子胸怀报国之志，汇入改革开放的时代洪流。2019年，青春中国凯歌前行，新时代青年奋勇接棒，宣誓“强国有我”。2049年，中华民族实现伟大复兴，中国青年接续奋斗……

请从下列任务中任选一个，以青年学生当事人的身份完成写作。

①1919年5月4日，在学生集会上的演讲稿。

②1949年10月1日，参加开国大典庆祝游行后写给家人的信。

③1979年9月15日，参加新生开学典礼后写给同学的信。

④2019年4月30日，收看“纪念五四运动100周年大会”后的观后感。⑥2049年9月30日，写给某位“百年中国功勋人物”的国庆节慰问信。

要求：结合材料，自选角度，确定立意;切合身份，贴合背景;符合文体特征;不要套作，不得抄袭;不得泄露个人信息;不少于800字。

语文试题参考答案

一、现代文阅读

(一)

1.B 2.D 3.D

(二)

4.D 5.C

6.①港珠澳大桥取得了举世瞩目的成就，被外媒誉为“新世界七大奇迹”之一;

②港珠澳大桥证明当今中国桥梁建设水平已处于世界领先地位;

③从武汉长江大桥到港珠澳大桥，体现了我国科技实力的增强和不断创新的精神。

(三)

7.B

8.①用特征鲜明的细节凸显人物的个性，如老舞蹈师过时的穿戴、木偶似的舞姿等，表明他是一个怀旧的人;②用个性化的对话揭示人物的内心世界，如老舞蹈师与“我”的交谈，流露出内心的痛苦与无奈;③用典型化的场景烘托人物状态，如被人遗忘的苗圃，村托了老舞蹈师失落的心态。

9.①故事切入自然，“我”不太喜欢喧闹，而老舞蹈师又天天来这里，两人相遇才有可能，以此切入故事，自然而不做作。②有利于情节的集中与展开，苗圃既是表演的舞台，也是人生的舞台。③使故事有余味。苗圃铲平了，故事自然结束，但主人公怎样了，让人牵挂。

二、古代诗文阅读

(一)

10.B 11.B 12.C

13.(1)圣人如果可以使国家强盛，不必效法陈规;如果可以使百姓获利，不必遵循旧制。

(2)法令在民间实行一年，秦人到国都诉说新法不便利的数以千计。

(二)

14.D

15.①情感表达：颈联所写场景是作者孤高耿介情怀的形象化表达，可使读者更加直观地感受到作者的心志。②结构安排：舒缓诗歌全篇的节奏，使整首诗歌有委婉从容之致。

16.(1)邹忌修八尺有余而形貌昳丽

(2)覆压三百余里隔离天日

(3)余音袅袅不绝如缕

三、语言文字运用

17.B 18.B 19.A

20.示例：

①有些先长叶后开花

②植物的芽生长所需温度

③生长所需温度比叶芽高

21. 关键信息：①2019年3月13日;②永定河补水工程启动;③加大补水力度，停用发电站;④永定河山峡段近40年来首次全线通水。

四、写作

22.略

篇10：高考全国卷II英语真题 20高考全国卷II英语答案

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom.

2. How does the woman feel now?

A. Relaxed. B. Excited. C. Tired.

3. How much will the man pay?

A. $520. B. $80. C. $100.

4. What does the man tell Jane to do?

A. Postpone his appointment. B. Meet Mr. Douglas. C. Return at 3 o’clock.

5. Why would David quit his job?

A. To go back to school. B. To start his own firm. C. To work for his friend.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What does the man want the woman to do?

A. Check the cupboard.

B. Clean the balcony.

C. Buy an umbrella.

7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Husband and wife.

B. Employer and employee.

C. Shop assistant and customer.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. Where did the woman go at the weekend?

A. The city centre.

B. The forest park.

C. The man’s home.

9. How did the man spend his weekend?

A. Packing for a move.

B. Going out with Jenny.

C. Looking for a new house.

10. What will the woman do for the man?

A. Take Henry to hospital. B. Stay with his kid. C. Look after his pet.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. What is Mr. Stone doing now?

A. Eating lunch. B. Having a meeting. C. Writing a diary.

12. Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone?

A. To discuss a program. B. To make a travel plan. C. To ask for sick leave.

13. When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon?

A. At 3:00. B. At 3:30. C. At 3:45.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A company. B. An interview. C. A job offer.

15. Who is Monica Stansfield?

A. A junior specialist. B. A department manager. C. A sales assistant.

16. When will the man hear from the woman?

A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?

A. Touring France. B. Playing outdoors. C. Painting pictures.

18. What did John do after he moved to the US?

A. He did business. B. He studied biology. C. He worked on a farm.

19. Why did John go hunting?

A. For food. B. For pleasure. C. For money.

20. What is the subject of John’s works?

A. American birds. B. Natural scenery. C. Family life.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

My Favourite Books

Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series(系列)of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.

Matilda

Roald Dahl

I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel me parents and the bossy headmisres，Miss Trunchbull，are equally fumy and frightening，but they're also aspirational.

After Dark

Haruki Murakami

It’s about two sisters-Eri，a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping，and Mari, a young student . In trying to connect to her sister. Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse ”night people” who are hiding secrets.

Gone Girl

Gillian Fynn

There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable

The Stand

Stephen King

This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those let. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever.

21. Who does ”I“ refer to in the text?

A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn.

C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl

22. Which of the following tells about Mari and Eri?

A. Cosmopolitan. B. Matilda.

C. After Dark. D. The Stand.

23. What kind of book is Gone Girl?)

A.A folk tale. B.A biography.

C.A love story. D.A horror story.

“You can use me as a last resort(选择), and if nobody else volunteers，then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse(长曲棍球)club.

I guess that there's probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown sport. She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids aren’t even on … At this point the unwilling parent speaks up,“Alright. Yes, I’ll do it.”

I’m secretly relieved because I know there’s real power in sharing volunteer responsibilities among many. The unwilling parent organizes the meal schedule, sends out emails, and collects money for end-of-season gifts. Somewhere along the way, the same parent ends up becoming an invaluable member of the team. The coach is able to focus on the kids while the other parents are relieved to be off the hook for another season. Handing out sliced oranges to bloodthirsty kids can be as exciting as watching your own kid score a goal.

Still, most of us volunteers breathe a sigh of relief when the season comes to a close. That relief is coupled with a deep understanding of why the same people keep coming back for more: Connecting to the community(社区)as you freely give your time, money, skills, or services provides a real joy. Volunteering just feels so good.

In that sense, I’m pretty sure volunteering is more of a selfish act than I’d freely like to admit. However, if others benefit in the process, and I get some reward too, does it really matter where my motivation lies?

24.What can we infer about the parent from her reply in paragraph l?

A. She knows little about the club.

B. She isn't good at sports.

C. She just doesn't want to volunteer.

D. She's unable to meet her schedule.

25.What does the underlined phrase“tug at the heartstrings”in paragraph 2 mean ?

A. Encourage team work .

B. Appeal to feeling.

C. Promote good deeds.

D. Provide advice.

26. What can we learn about the parent from paragraph 3 ?

A. She gets interested in lacrosse.

B. She is proud of her kids.

C. She’ll work for another season.

D. She becomes a good helper.

27. Why does the author like doing volunteer work?

A. It gives her a sense of duty.

B. It makes her very happy.

C. It enables her to work hard.

D. It brings her material rewards.

Marian Bechtel sits at West Palm Beach’s Bar Louie counter by herself, quietly reading her e-book as she waits for her salad. What is she reading? None of your business! Lunch is Bechtel’s “me” time. And like more Americans, she’s not alone.

A new report found 46 percent of meals are eaten alone in America. More than half(53 percent)have breakfast alone and nearly half(46 percent)have lunch by themselves. Only at dinnertime are we eating together anymore，74 percent，according to statistics from the report.

“I prefer to go out and be out. Alone，but together，you know?”Bechtel said，looking up from her book. Bechtel，who works in downtown West Palm Beach，has lunch with coworkers sometimes，but like many of us，too often works through lunch at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling energized. “Today，I just wanted some time to myself，”she said.

just two seats over，Andrew Mazoleny，a local videographer，is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper with whom he's on a first-name basis if he wants to have a little interaction(交流). “I reflect on how my day's gone and think about the rest of the week,” he said. “It's a chance for self-reflection, You return to work recharged and with a plan.”

That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one，but those days are over. Now，we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn't feel as alone as it may have before al the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demerit， whose company provided the statistics for the report.

28. What are the statistics in paragraph 2 about?

A. Food variety.

B. Eating habits.

C. Table manners.

D. Restaurant service.

29. Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch?

A. To meet with her coworkers.

B. To catch up with her work.

C. To have some time on her own.

D. To collect data for her report.

30. What do we know about Mazoleny?

A. He makes videos for the bar.

B. He’s fond of the food at the bar.

C. He interviews customers at the bar.

D. He’s familiar with the barkeeper.

31. What is the text mainly about?

A. The trend of having meals alone.

B. The importance of self-reflection.

C. The stress from working overtime.

D. The advantage of wireless technology.

Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overcoming this very tiny big problem? It’s turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.

HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon’s students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they’re close to a solution(解决方案). “We don’t give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers,” says Florence Gold, a project manager.

“There are no tests,” Gordon says. “There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than‘Are you working towards your goal?’ Basically, it’s ‘I’ve got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.’ Engineers come and really do an in-person review, and…it’s not a very nice thing at time. It’s a hard business review of your product.”

Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. “These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don’t teach.” And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space.

32.What do we know about the bacteria in the International Space Station?

A. They are hard to get rid of. B. They lead to air pollution.

C. They appear different forms. D. They damage the instruments.

33. What is the purpose of the HUNCH program?

A. To strengthen teacher-student relationships. B. To sharpen students’ communication skills.

C. To allow students to experience zero gravity. D. To link space technology with school education

34. What do the NASA engineers do for the students in the program?

A. Check their product. B. Guide project designs

C. Adjust work schedules. D. Grade their homework.

35. What is the best title for the text?

A. NASA: The Home of Astronauts.

B. Space: The Final Homework Frontier.

C. Nature: An Outdoor Classroom.

D. HUNCH:A College Admission Reform.

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question:“Should I jump? This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.

37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself , your values your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires ,etc. Only then should your you’re your goals

You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity(清晰)of thoughts can help you move forward.

Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.

Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a Pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.

You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.

A. This can affect your work.

B. So how should you motivate yourself?

C. However, this should not discourage you.

D. So why should we try to set specific goals?

E. They can change according to circumstances.

F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.

G. Without motivation you can neither set a goal nor reach it

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It’s about 250 miles from the hills of west-central lowa to Ehlers’ home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting. Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen 42 alongside the road. He had 43 to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44 .

Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove 46 . After a long and careful 47 . Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away. Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔)Ehlers’ face.

A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 51 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them he had 53 their dog.

Jeff had 54 in lowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.

Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 ,”says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue 58 .

I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 to it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, I’d hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile.”

41. A. read B. forgot C. thought D. heard

42. A. read B. trembling C. eating D. sleeping

43. A. tried B. agreed C. promised D. regretted

44. A. calmed down B. stood up C. rolled over D. run off

45. A. injured B. stolen C. lost D. rescued

46. A. home B. past C. back D. on

47. A. preparation B. explanation C. test D. search

48. A. cautiously B. casually C. skillfully D. angrily

49. A. surprise B. joy C. hesitation D. anxiety

50. A. predicted B. advertised C. believed D. recorded

51. A. house B. phone C. street D. car

52. A. called B. copied C. counted D. remembered

53. A. fed B. adopted C. found D. cured

54. A. hunted B. skied C. lived D. worked

55. A. on purpose B. on time C. in turn D. in vain

56. A. cares B. sees C. suffers D. learns

57. A. place B. trouble C. waste D. extreme

58. A. service B. plan C. effort D. team

59. A. equal B. allergic C. grateful D. close

60. A. suitable B. proud C. wise D. wiling

第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for 61 (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee-still working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， 62 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 63 (final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.

Picking up her“Lifetime Achievement”award，proud Irene 64 (declare) she had no plans 65 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said，“I don't see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 66 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 67 because I want to.”

Granddaughter Gayle Parks，31-who works alongside her in the family business-said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said，“We don't have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call 68 (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was 69 joke. But then we got an official letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. It's 70 (wonder).”

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2. 只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Since I was a kid, I`ve considered different job I would like to do. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher because I liked my English teacher too much. When I studied chemistry high school, I reconsidered mg goal or decided to be a doctor. They were two reasons for the decision. One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much more better after seeing a doctor. And the other is that I wanted to help people in need.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是校排球队队长李华。请写封邮件告知你的队友Chris球队近期将参加比赛，内容包括：

1.比赛信息;

2.赛前准备;

3.表达期待。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

全国卷2英语答案

第一部分听力

1—5 BCBAC 6—10 CABAC 11—15 BACCB 16—20 ACABA

第二部分阅读理解

21—25 CCDCB 26—30 DBBCD 31—35 AADAB 36—40 GBAEC

第三部分语言知识运用

第一节

41—45 CBADC 46—50 CDABB 51—55 BACAD 56—60 ABCDD

第二节

61. being 62. which 63. finally 64. declared 65. to retire 66. have made

67. but 68. saying 69. a 70. wonderful

第四部分写作

第一节短文改错

第二节书面表达

答案略

篇11：高考全国卷III英语真题 20高考全国卷III英语答案

英语

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom.

2. How does the woman feel now?

A. Relaxed. B. Excited. C. Tired.

3. How much will the man pay?

A. $520. B. $80. C. $100.

4. What does the man tell Jane to do?

A. Postpone his appointment. B. Meet Mr. Douglas. C. Return at 3 o’clock.

5. Why would David quit his job?

A. To go back to school. B. To start his own firm. C. To work for his friend.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What does the man want the woman to do?

A. Check the cupboard. B. Clean the balcony. C. Buy an umbrella.

7. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Husband and wife.

B. Employer and employee.

C. Shop assistant and customer.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. Where did the woman go at the weekend?

A. The city centre. B. The forest park. C. The man’s home.

9. How did the man spend his weekend?

A. Packing for a move.

B. Going out with Jenny.

C. Looking for a new house.

10. What will the woman do for the man?

A. Take Henry to hospital. B. Stay with his kid. C. Look after his pet.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. What is Mr. Stone doing now?

A. Eating lunch. B. Having a meeting. C. Writing a diary.

12. Why does the man want to see Mr. Stone?

A. To discuss a program. B. To make a travel plan. C. To ask for sick leave.

13. When will the man meet Mr. Stone this afternoon?

A. At 3:00. B. At 3:30. C. At 3:45.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. What are the speakers talking about?

A. A company. B. An interview. C. A job offer.

15. Who is Monica Stansfield?

A. A junior specialist. B. A department manager. C. A sales assistant.

16. When will the man hear from the woman?

A. On Tuesday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Thursday.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What did John enjoy doing in his childhood?

A. Touring France. B. Playing outdoors. C. Painting pictures.

18. What did John do after he moved to the US?

A. He did business. B. He studied biology. C. He worked on a farm.

19. Why did John go hunting?

A. For food. B. For pleasure. C. For money.

20. What is the subject of John’s works?

A. American birds. B. Natural scenery. C. Family life.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS

Animals Out of Paper

Yolo!Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph，in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church，165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.)

The Audience

Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan，about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb.14.(Schoenfeld，236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.)

Hamilton

Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton，in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb.17.(Public，425 Lafayette St.212-967-7555.)

On the Twentieth Century

Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green，about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott Ellis directs，for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre，227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.)

21. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?.

A.A type of art. B.A teenager's studio.

C.A great teacher. D.A group of animals.

22. Who is the director of The Audience?

A. Helen Mirren. B. Peter Morgan.

C. Dylan Baker. D. Stephen Daldry.

23. Which play will you go to if you are interested in American history?

A. Animals Out of Paper. B. The Audience.

C. Hamilton. D. On the Twentieth Century.

For Western designers, China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.

”It's no secret that China has always been a source(来源)of inspiration for designers,“ says Amanda Hill, chief creative officer at A+E Networks, a global media company and home to some of the biggest fashion(时尚)shows.

Earlier this year, the China Through A Looking Glass exhibition in New York exhibited 140 pieces of China-inspired fashionable clothing alongside Chinese works of art, with the aim of exploring the influence of Chinese aesthetics(美学)on Western fashion and how China has fueled the fashionable imagination for centuries. The exhibition had record attendance, showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.

”China is impossible to overlook,“ says Hill. ”Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion — they are central to its movement. “Of course, only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China-some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese.” Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking on Galiano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs-and beating them hands down in design and sales,“ adds Hil.

For Hill, it is impossible not to talk about China as the leading player when discussing fashion. ”The most famous designers are Chinese, so are the models, and so are the consumers,“ she says. ”China is no longer just another market; in many senses it has become the market. If you talk about fashion today, you are talking about China-its influences, its direction, its breathtaking clothes, and how young designers and models are finally acknowledging that in many ways.“

24.What can we learn about the exhibition in New York?

A. It promoted the sales of artworks. B. It attracted a large number of visitors.

C. It showed ancient Chinese clothes. D. It aimed to introduce Chinese models.

25.What does Hill say about Chinese women?

A. They are setting the fashion. B. They start many fashion campaigns.

C. They admire super models. D. They do business all over the world.

26.What do the underlined words ”taking on“ in paragraph 4 mean?

A. learning from B. looking down on C. working with D. competing against

27.What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Young Models Selling Dreams to the World

B.A Chinese Art Exhibition Held in New York

C. Differences Between Eastern and Western Aesthetics

D. Chinese Culture Fueling International Fashion Trends

Before the 1830s,most newspapers were sold through annual subscriptions in America, usually $8 to $10 a year. Today $8 or $10 seems a small amount of money, but at that time these amounts were forbidding to most citizens. Accordingly, newspapers were read almost only by rich people in politics or the trades. In addition, most newspapers had little in them that would appeal to a mass audience. They were dull and visually forbidding. But the revolution that was taking place in the 1830s would change all that.

The trend, then, was toward the ”penny paper“-a term referring to papers made widely available to the public. It meant any inexpensive newspaper; perhaps more importantly it meant newspapers that could be bought in single copies on the street.

This development did not take place overnight. It had been possible(but not easy)to buy single copies of newspapers before 1830,but this usually meant the reader had to go down to the printer's office to purchase a copy. Street sales were almost unknown. However, within a few years, street sales of newspapers would be commonplace in eastern cities. At first the price of single copies was seldom a penny-usually two or three cents was charged-and some of the older well-known papers charged five or six cents. But the phrase ”penny paper “ caught the public's fancy, and soon there would be papers that did indeed sell for only a penny.

This new trend of newspapers for ”the man on the street“ did not begin well. Some of the early ventures(企业)were immediate failures. Publishers already in business, people who were owners of successful papers, had little desire to change the tradition. It took a few youthful and daring businessmen to get the ball rolling.

28.Which of the following best describes newspapers in America before the 1830s?

A. Academic. B. Unattractive. C. Inexpensive. D. Confidential.

29.What did street sales mean to newspapers?

A. They would be priced higher. B. They would disappear from cities.

C. They could have more readers. D. They could regain public trust.

30.Who were the newspapers of the new trend targeted at?

A. Local politicians. B. Common people.

C. Young publishers. D. Rich businessmen.

31.What can we say about the birth of the penny paper?

A. It was a difficult process. B. It was a temporary success.

C. It was a robbery of the poor. D. It was a disaster for printers.

Monkeys seem to have a way with numbers.

A team of researchers trained three Rhesus monkeys to associate 26 clearly different symbols consisting of numbers and selective letters with 0-25 drops of water or juice as a reward. The researchers then tested how the monkeys combined—or added—the symbols to get the reward.

Here's how Harvard Medical School scientist Margaret Livingstone, who led the team, described the experiment: In their cages the monkeys were provided with touch screens. On one part of the screen, a symbol would appear, and on the other side two symbols inside a circle were shown. For example, the number 7 would flash on one side of the screen and the other end would have 9 and 8. If the monkeys touched the left side of the screen they would be rewarded with seven drops of water or juice; if they went for the circle, they would be rewarded with the sum of the numbers—17 in this example.

After running hundreds of tests, the researchers noted that the monkeys would go for the higher values more than half the time, indicating that they were performing a calculation, not just memorizing the value of each combination.

When the team examined the results of the experiment more closely, they noticed that the monkeys tended to underestimate(低估)a sum compared with a single symbol when the two were close in value—sometimes choosing, for example, a 13 over the sum of 8 and 6. The underestimation was systematic: When adding two numbers, the monkeys always paid attention to the larger of the two, and then added only a fraction(小部分)of the smaller number to it.

”This indicates that there is a certain way quantity is represented in their brains, “Dr. Livingstone says. “But in this experiment what they're doing is paying more attention to the big number than the little one.”

32. What did the researchers do to the monkeys before testing them?

A. They fed them. B. They named them.

C. They trained them. D. They measured them.

33. How did the monkeys get their reward in the experiment?

A. By drawing a circle. B. By touching a screen.

C. By watching videos. D. By mixing two drinks.

34. What did Livingstone's team find about the monkeys?

A. They could perform basic addition. B. They could understand simple words.

C. They could memorize numbers easily. D. They could hold their attention for long.

35. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear?

A. Entertainment. B. Health. C. Education. D. Science.

第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic(逻辑)of each to their particular circumstance.

Do's

• 37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus(教学大纲)and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn't hiding in plain sight.

• Participate in discussion forums(论坛), blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.

Don'ts

• Don't share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39

• Don't openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor's professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.

A. That's what they are for.

B. Turn to an online instructor for help.

C. If more information is needed, they will ask.

D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.

E. Below are some common do's and don' ts for online learners.

F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.

G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.

第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

The small town of Rjukan in Norway is situated between several mountains and does not get direct sunlight from late September to mid-March- 41 six months out of the year.

Of course, we 42 it when the sun is shining,” says Karin Ro, who works for the town’s tourism office. “We see the sky is 43 , but down in the valley it’s darker — it’s like on a 44 day.”

But that 45 when a system of high-tech 46 was introduced to reflect sunlight from neighboring peaks(山峰)into the valley below. Wednesday, residents(居民)of Rjukan 47 their very first ray of winter sunshine: A row of reflective boards on a nearby mountainside were put to 48 . The mirrors are controlled by a computer that 49 them to turn along with the sun throughout the 50 and to close during windy weather. They reflect a concentrated beam(束)of light onto the town’s central 51 , creating an area of sunlight roughly 600 square meters. When the light 52 , Rjukan residents gathered together.

“People have been 53 there and standing there and taking 54 of each other,“ Ro says. ”The town square was totally 55 . I think almost all the people in the town were there. “The 3,500 residents cannot all 56 the sunshine at the same time. 57 , the new light feels like more than enough for the town’s 58 residents.

”It's not very 59 ,” she says, “but it is enough when we are 60 .”

41. A. only B. obviously C. nearly D. precisely

42. A. fear B. believe C. hear D. notice

43. A. empty B. blue C. high D. wide

44. A. cloudy B. normal C. different D. warm

45. A. helped B. changed C. happened D. mattered

46. A. computers B. telescopes C. mirrors D. cameras

47. A. remembered B. forecasted C. received D. imagined

48. A. repair B. risk C. rest D. use

49. A. forbids B. directs C. predicts D. follows

50. A. day B. night C. month D. year

51. A. library B. hall C. square D. street

52. A. appeared B. returned C. faded D. stopped

53. A. driving B. hiding C. camping D. siting

54. A. pictures B. notes C. care D. hold

55. A. new B. full C. flat D. silent

56. A. block B. avoid C. enjoy D. store

57. A. Instead B. However C. Gradually D. Similarly

58. A. nature-loving B. energy-saving C. weather-beaten D. sun-starved

59. A. big B. clear C. cold D. easy

60. A. trying B. waiting C. watching D. sharing

第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

On our way to the house，it was raining 61 hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take 62 (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.

We were first greeted with the barking by a pack 63 dogs，seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 64 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and 65 (recommend)wonderful places to eat，shop，and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.

When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 66 (compete)to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many 67 (tradition)stories about Hawaii that were 68 (huge)popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we 69 (invite)to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars， 70 (listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

I've had many dreams since I was a child. Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. What I want is not just an ordinarily cafe but a very special one. I want my cafe have a special theme such as like ”Tang Dynasty". In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment what is created for them. If I succeed in manage one, I will open more. I wish to have a chain of cafes in many different city. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style.

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华，你校将举办音乐节。请写封邮件邀请你的英国朋友Allen参加，内容包括：

1.时间;

2.活动安排;

3.欢迎他表演节目。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

参考答案

第一部分听力

1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C