英语阅读理解和写作的几个学习方法(精选12篇)由网友“labsun110”投稿提供,下面是小编整理过的英语阅读理解和写作的几个学习方法,欢迎大家阅读分享借鉴,希望对大家有所帮助。
篇1:英语阅读理解和写作的几个学习方法
英语阅读理解和写作的几个学习方法
Reading skills:(阅读)a. Intensive Reading: When we read the intensive articles, we should make notes of the new words and phrases and good sentences. After reading them, we may ask ourselves some questions about them by using such words: Who, What, Why, When and Where. Then try to answer them in our own words.
精读:在精读课文时,我们要把生词,词组,句型做成笔记.读后要试着用这些疑问词提问自己:谁,什么,何时,何地且努力用自己的话来回答.
b. Extensive reading: We must train our ability to scan, skip and read fast. Namely, the ability to catch the key words, the topic sentences and the drift of the articles.
泛读:要培养浏览,跳读和快读的能力.即抓住关键词,主题句和中心大意的能力.
c. Reading speed: Three ways to improve our reading speed: 1) Reading the articles from the beginning to the end without intervals so to catch the rough idea of the articles on the whole. Never waste too much time on some new words and single sentences. 2)We may keep time when reading articles.3) When reading articles, we can point at the words with our finger or pen point and our eyes move with the finger quickly so that we are able to read very fast.
阅读速度:三种方法提高我们的阅读速度:1.先从头至尾不间断地通读课文以抓住课文大意.不要在单个词或单句上浪费太多时间.2. 阅读时计时.3.阅读时用手指或笔尖指向文章字句并快速移动来迫使我们的`眼睛快速随手指或笔尖移动来强化我们的阅读速度.
d. Newspaper as good reading materials can widen our sight and richen our knowledge.
多读报,多受益:开阔视野,丰富知识,学习流行词语和英语最新发展.
Writing skills. ( 写作)
a. We have to accumulate abundant materials before we write something, say, learning by heart crowds of articles.
写作需要有很多素材,积累素材很重要.要多背课文.
b. Try to express one meaning in various ways.
努力用多种方式表达一种意思.
c. Keeping English diary if possible.
写英语日记.
a) Prepare some new words, expressions and good sentences to be used before writing something.
在写作前准备一些要用的好词汇,好句子.
b) We may also make some English pen pals to establish English communication relationship through some media like newspaper and magazines.
结交英语笔友,写英文信.这种方法容易坚持,还很有意思.不仿一试,好处多多.
篇2:高三英语阅读理解的学习方法
高三英语阅读理解的学习方法:阅读理解高分策略
阅读理解举足轻重,占用时间长,分值大,失分多。高考150满分,阅读理解占40分。总共5篇阅读,每篇阅读设题数量不一,共20道题,每题2分。如何能够在35分钟内读完长达-2200词的五篇文章,并且能够正确回答所有的问题,从而得到满意的分数是一个关键却也较难的问题。要想解决这个问题就必须下决心抓阅读,提高阅读能力和阅读理解题的应试能力。
这里对于如何复习阅读理解给出一些建议:
一、如何应对读不完文章,做不完题的问题。这个问题较普遍,原因有三:
1.是没有养成良好的做题习惯。有些同学做题左顾右盼,无法马上进入考试紧张状态,时间浪费在了考试以外的事情上。
2.是心态不好,考场氛围紧张,考生更紧张。总盯着其他同学做到哪里了,听到翻卷子的声音就非常紧张,更别提做题了。
3.是没有好的做题方法,对阅读理解题分析不够。
解决方案:
1、平衡心态。考试对心态要求很高,既要紧张又不能过分紧张,既要自信又不能妄自菲薄。
2、做题方法。这里只强调做题顺序,大家更倾向于哪种呢?是A→Q→A(A=Article,Q=Question),即先从整体去阅读文章,后看问题,还是Q→A→Q,即先把整个问题快速看一遍,然后带着问题在文章中找答案?选用前者的学生是心里原因在作怪,总觉得不读文章就看题好像肯定做不对似的,心里很不踏实。我建议大家选用后者。根据效率原则和目标原则,首先要求学生加强具有目的性的训练,我们要的是什么,通过什么途径可以达到,而且更快更好的达到。此种方法最大的特点就是节省时间,而且针对性很强,如果问题是事实性的和细节性的,那准确率也是比较高的,但它的缺点就是在解决具有推理判断或是综合性的问题时效果就不太明显了。这样大家要灵活运用两者方法,寻找适合自己的解题技巧。
二、如何应对高中英语阅读中的长难句?
近年来,英语阅读解题加强了对长,难句的考察,阅读材料中出现了不少省略句,复合句和特长句,给正确理解全文造成了很大困难。实际上,一般情况下,不在长难句中设题。文章难,题不难。一旦考到长,难句,大家也不要心慌。
应对长难句的解题技巧:
1利用还原法恢复句型的原貌。例如:Betty shrugs. Talk? We're friends.(全国,C)
该句为省略句,根据上文Harold对妻子长时间跟女友谈话而感到纳闷的情况,该剧课补充还原为:Betty shrugs. Why are we talking so long? We're friends.
2 成分分析法。这是较常用的方法。
三、高中期中考试考前如何进行实战操练才最有效:
做到每天五篇,养成考场习惯。每天保证阅读量,最好是一天一套5篇阅读。并根据自己的情况,设定时间完成,逐渐缩短阅读时间。可以按照,50分钟,45分钟,40分钟,35分钟的规律递减。摸索阅读速度,确定阅读方法,保持做题惯性。考前模拟,创造黑马。
临考一天:
完成五篇一天任务,总结一周阅读技巧。当你拿出一周的50篇阅读文章时,相信你的内心一定是充满了喜悦感,成就感。好!保持这种感觉!你便可突出重围!
总结五篇阅读,回答几个问题:1每篇阅读是什么题材?(记叙,应用,说明,议论)。2 每道题是什么题型?(事实细节,主旨大意,推理判断,猜测词义)。3 题目做错是粗心导致,还是方法使用不当?并把错题归类,哪一种类型是自己的弱项。4 对应错误再重新阅读本篇指导。做到这些,考场上的你一定如虎添翼!阅读理解满分绝不是幻想!
你必须知道的阅读理解解题方法!
在阅读理解题上得分的多少很大程度上决定着高考英语的总成绩。而且,阅读量有逐渐扩大且阅读速度进一步提高的趋势;选题多种多样,涉及到社会经济、政治、文化、日常生活各个领域。“阅读理解题”旨在全面检测考生从语段中获取有效信息的能力,依据对近些年的各省高考阅读理解题的分析、对比得知,从其设计和内容上看,可以归纳为以下几点:概括整个语段主旨大意以及事实和细节;能准确理解句子字面和深层含义;能准确理解具体的事实和抽象的概念。题型上主要有主旨大意题、词义猜测题、事实细节题、推理判断题等。
高三英语阅读理解的学习方法:高三英语提高阅读理解能力的有效方法
侧重培养学生的阅读理解能力,是中学英语教学大纲的要求,学生学习英语的终极目的之一,也就是要能看懂英语文章,阅读是一种信息的单向 获取,通过阅读,学生可以了解古今中外各门类学科的知识和信息,培养学生正确、快速的阅读理解能力是中学英语教学的重要目的之一,也是学生获得英语 语言知识及英语使用国家的文化背景知识的有效途径。
高考英语阅读理解旨在考查考生的知识和能力,顾名思义,阅读主要是获取信息,是理解的前提和手段;理解是分析、加工 和处理信息,是阅读的目的和结果。阅读理解通过不同的体裁,如记叙文,描述文、说明文、议论文、应用文等,和不同的题材,如科普知识、天文地理、人物传 记、仁人轶事、哲理小品、科技教育、风土人情、广告宣传、新闻报道、体育赛事、历史文化、人间百态等,全面考查考生记忆、识别、换算、判断推理、逻辑思 维、分析归纳、概括总结等能力。本文介绍几种常用的阅读方法,然后附上练习,并给出解题思路。
下面就来介绍学习方法网为大家收集整理了“高三英语提高阅读理解能力”一些有效方法,希望能对同学们有所帮助!
一、克服生词障碍,扩大词汇量
任何一篇阅读理解文章中都可能存在生词、不熟悉的短语或成语。高考中规定生词可达整个阅读量的3%,这些是真正的名副其实的生词,另外还有一些是“考纲”规定的近两千词汇中的一些拼写较长,使用不太活跃的单词以及一些根据构词法就能辩认的似是而非的“生词”。对大多数学生、特别是基础较差的学生来说,单词不能正 确释义是一个最普遍也是最基本的障碍。来自单词和短语方面的障碍,可采取如下措施:
1、不予理睬。有些生词根 本就不影响对文章主旨的理解。
2、根据英语构词法,确定 词义。英语的构词法一般有派生、合成、转化等三类,所以平时就要注意掌握各种前缀,后缀的含义和用法,熟悉各种跨类词和多义词,这样就可解决那些似是而非 的“生词”。
3、根据句子结构特点或上 下文猜测词义。任何一篇文章,无论其内容,还是其结构,都是一个完整的有机整体,每一个词,每一句话都和其上下文存在某种必然的内在逻辑关系,透过这种逻 辑关系,我们就能猜测出其词义。如“The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14”,根据并列连词“and”的用法特点以及下文的“under the age of 14”,可猜测出“primary”是“小学的,初级的” 意思;又如“……everyone is expected to lead an orderly life according to rules laid down by the government,……”这里“laid down”根据上下文可猜出是 “制定”之意。
另外,平常多看英语文章,增强英语语感,也能保证最大限度地猜准词义。
二、搞清句子成份,把握句式结构特点
1、认清句子成份,掌握各 种句子成份的句法功能。句子是由各种句子成份构成的,而且有些句子成份对于句子来说是必须的,句子所表达的主要意思基本上可通过它们来表达,如主、谓、宾,但是,一个句子的主、谓、宾成份还常带有其他修饰成份,这些修饰成份或多或少地增加了句子的复杂程度,进而对快速、准确阅读产生一定的影响。如“Japan on Monday welcomed remarks by US Defence Secretary Willam Perry that Washington would consider the demand for reducing the number of US troops on the southerm island of Okinawa”这句话较长,去掉修 饰成份后,只留下句子主干“Japan welcomed remarks that Washington would consider the demand。”这样意思就明朗了, 然后根据句子成份的句法功能,补译上修饰语,整个句子所表达的详细意思就清楚了。总之,善于把较长的、复杂的句子结构变简单,注意谁是中心词和修饰词,有 助于抓关键和中心。
2、搞清句子结构特点,认 清各种句式句型
英语作为一种语言,有它自己的特点,有些句子成份的排列顺序和汉语不一样,如英语中的定语从句放在被修饰语之后,汉语的负迁 移作用会影响其阅读 理解,另外英语中还有一些句子成份排列顺序和汉语完全不同的句型结构,或英语语言所特有的结构,如倒装句、强调句等,或根据表达需要,如“The human nose has given to the lanuage of the word many interesting expressions”,“give”的用法本来是give sth to sb;又如“Word came that Napolean would come to inspect them”,that引导的同位语从句本应 紧随中心词word之后,这些都是根据表 达需要改变句式结构的例子。
三、注意整体把握文章的 篇章结构
任何一篇文章的写作思路都应符合人们思维普遍遵循的规律,先说什么,后说什么,用什么方式,都应始终围绕一个中心,或叙述、说明一个事实,或表达、支持一种观点,同时提供相应的关键细节和有力证据。所以阅读时,通过有意识地引导学生找关键词,中心词,主题句,主题段,支持句(support sentence)等,就可抓住文章主旨 大意及深层含义,并准确、快速解题。主题句一般在 主题段段首提出,但也可在段落中间和段落末尾提出,而主题段大多也是在文章第一段提出,找出了主题句和主题段,进而便可寻找说明他们的具体事实和论据。平时,应根据不同的题材和体裁训练学生的阅读方法和技巧,让他们熟悉叙述、说明、议论等各自的特点,这样学生就能通过从整体上把握文章的 篇章结构特点,进而 了解文章的主旨大意和深层含义。
高三英语阅读理解的学习方法:高三英语提高阅读理解能力的有效方法
一、阅读理解的方法
1. 略读法(Skimming)
略读法是快速阅读中的一种方法,通常又称为浏览。略读的关键是在抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅 读,主要目的是获得足够的信息以便准确地回答有关文章的主旨和大意方面的问题。利用略读法做阅读时,要特别注意文章首尾两段,因为文章的第一段往往点明文 章的主题,或中心思想,或作者的意图,而文章的最后一段则常常总结、归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文章段落的主题句(Topic sentence),这是抓住段落大意的一条捷径,同时也是准确全文大意的有效途径,因为把整篇文章的每段主题句的意思想综合起来,实际上就是全文的中心 思想(Central idea)。有时候,文章的主题句可能会出现在段落中间或结尾,考生需要运用略读方法快速准确地找到它。
2.查 阅法(Scanning)
考生在回答具体信息时,通常不需要阅读整篇文章,而只需要找出可能包括所需要的信息部分,然后加以阅读就行, 这种方法就是查阅法。查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息,回答具体的问题,即测试中的细节问题,它常常与5W’s和 1H(Who,What,When,Where,Why和How)有关,有时又跟具体的数字有联系,如长度、宽度、高度、距离、大小、尺寸等。考生在使用 查阅法时,应该注意文章结构和顺序的排列,文章结构有的是按时间顺序排列,有的是按空间顺序排列,有的是按逻辑顺序排列。弄清楚文章的排列顺序能帮助考生 在阅读和回答问题时做到高效省时、准确无误。要注意提高阅读的速度和解题效率,考生应该学会用眼睛扫读的本领,在最短的时间内找到所需的信息,要把注意力 集中在所需信息直接相关的词语上,这样可以迅速作出正确的选择。
3.根据上下文判断词义法(Contextual meaning of words)
考生应该平时有意识地积累英语单词,没有一定量的英语单词作基础和保障,英语的听、说、读、写、译等技能都无从谈 起。考生平时可以根据“词离法”,把一个生词放在具体的语境中记忆,可以使用转换法(Conversion:同一个单词可能同时有名词、动词、形容词、副 词等词性)、词缀法(Affixation:在某个单词前面或后面加一些词缀,可能改变单词的词性和词义,使之成为一个新单词)、派生法 (Derivation)、合成法(Compounding)等记忆英语单词,也可以从影视广播和报刊杂志中获得英语词汇。
考生在考试 的时候,可根据上下文,利用定义、重述、对比、举例和逻辑推理等方式推断单词的意思。例如:
(1)A satellite is a machine which goes around the earth to relay communication signals over long distance。
此句中satellite是一个围绕地球转动,能够接收传递远距离通讯信号的机器(或装置),据此可判断 satellite是卫星。
(2)I am a resolute man Once I set up a goal,I won’t give it up easily
此处后面的句子的意思:一旦我设定了一个目标,我就不会轻易地放弃,由此推断“我”是 一个“刚毅”的人。
(3)He is very dependable,but his brother is untrustworthy。
“but”在此句中明确暗示了前后的对比关系,dependable“可靠的”,那么 “untrustworthy”肯定是“不可靠的,不可信任的”。
(4)Doctors suggest that everyone should exercise every day,especially those who spend hours doing sedentary activities like reading,typing or sewing。
此句中的 “sedentary”的意思可以从跟like后面的“reading,typing,sewing”中轻易地猜出是“坐着做的”意思。
利 用略读法,查阅法和猜测词义法能够解决阅读相当比例的问题。可是,在答题的时候,考生有时会发现所给的四个题项中,有不止一个选项可以作为答案,那就应该 意识到该题是一道判断推理题。在答题时,考生一发现有某个能回答问题的选项时,就把它作为正确答案的备选项,这是不明智的,而应该再看一看其它选项中还有 没有能够回答所给问题的答案。如果有别的备选答案的话,就要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图,选择比较,去伪存真,作出深层理解和全面分析,进行合理的推理和 判断,选出切合文章主旨和作者意图的最佳答案。
阅读理解是全面考查考生综合运用英语进行交际和获取信息的能力,它是一个渐近的过程,需 要经过一定阶段的积累才能达到得心应手的境界。因此,考生平时扩大自己的阅读量,广泛地进行课外阅读,不断地开拓自己的视野,丰富自己的知识。
二、练习
阅读下面短文,并从A,B,C,D四个答案中找出正确的答案。
Archimedes was a famous Greek mathematician and scientist He was born around 287 BC and he died in the year 212 BC.
Archimedes is most well-known for one specificidea that he came up with “Archimedes’s Principle”states that a solid object which is immersed in a liquid is pushed up by a force which is equal to the weight of the water that the object moves For example,if you put a piece of wood and a piece of gold the same size in water,only the wood will float Both the wood and gold move the same amount of water,but the wood weighs less than this water,while the gold weighs more。
It is believed that Archimedes discovered this principle when the king of Syracuse asked him to solve a problem .The king wanted to know if his crown(王冠)was pure gold or a mixture of gold and silver The king,of course,did not want to melt his crown to find out The idea came to Archimedes as he lowered himself into his bath He noticed how the water spilled out of the tub He decided to use the same idea for the crown He knew that a gold crown immersed in water would weigh more than one made of silver The experiment was done and the goldsmith was proved guilty of trying to cheat the king。
1.A good title for the selection is ______
A.Archimedes
B.Archimedes’s Principle
C.A Gold and Silver Crown
D.The King of Syracuse
2.The word “immersed”in the second paragraph means“_______”
A.Raised B.lifted C.Under water D.rose
3.We drop a piece of metal into a jar full of water,the metal will float if it weighs less than_______
A.an equal amount of gold
B.the water that leaves the jar
C.all the water in the jar now
D.an equal amount of silver
4.From this selection we may conclude that the king’s crown______
A.moved more water than pure gold of the same weight
B.moved less water than pure gold of the same weight
C.moved more water than pure gold of the same size
D.moved less water than pure gold of the same size
5.The following sentences tell what happened many years ago Which is the right order of the events?
a.Achimedes took a bath
b.Archimedes discovered his principle
c.The king of Syracuse asked him to solve a problem
d.Archimedes did the experiment on his crown
A.b;c;a;d; B.c;a;b;d; C.c;a;d;b; D.b;c;d;a;
答案与提示
1.B,主旨大意题,这是一篇历史 人物介绍与科普知识相结合的文章。本文第一段简要介绍了阿基米德的职业与生卒年月,第二、三段大篇幅内容是介绍了阿基米德定律及其发现的经过。选项A所包 括的时空太大,选C、D都与选项B有密切联系,但包含的内容不及B项,故排除A、C、D三项,B为正确答案。
2.C,猜测词义题。在文 章第二段开头解释了阿基米德定律,一个浸在水中的物体被水托起的力(F)等于这个物体排开水的重量(G),即关系式F浮= ρ水 gV排=G物。从这句话中,我们可以猜测到“immersed”在句中的含义应该是“浸在水中”,故选C项。如果考生懂一点英语词汇构词法就很容易选C答 案,因为“im-”意思是“inside”,“-merse”意思是“go down,lay down”。
3.B,判断推理题。从文 章第二段最后几句话的例子中可以看出,物体的质量如果小一于它浸入水中后排开的水的质量,它就会浮起来;反之则没入水中。故选B项。
4.A, 判断推理题。从文章第三段倒数第二句可知,一个纯金的王冠浸入水中要比合金重,也就是说,质量相同的合金王冠体积要大,排开的水要多一些。国王新做的王冠 是合金的,若质量相同,体积必定增加,排开的水自然要多。故选A项。
5.C,排序题。此题是要求按照逻辑先后顺序排序,最初应该是国王 请阿基米德解决一个问题判断王冠的真假,后来阿基米德在浴池洗澡的时候,发现浴池的水溢出来了,这一现象引发了他的思考,接着他用自己的冠鼎做实验,最后 发现了这一定律。
篇3:英语写作学习方法
01了解中西文化的差异是写好英语文章的前提
中西文化的差异不仅包括人文地理和民俗风情方面的不同,而且包括了中英文语言运用习惯的诸多不同。在平时的教学中,我们就必须根据教材,适时渗透一些西方文化知识,让学生尝试了解相关的文化背景等。
例如,在写“My favorite festival”一文时,很多学生都写到“Christmas Day”,对这个节日了解较多的学生,他们准备着笔的内容就比其他同学丰富多了。让学生尝试了解相关的文化背景既开阔了学生语言学习的视野,也为他们日后写作提供了一些文化素材。
02模仿范文循序渐进
小学生所掌握的英语词汇和语法知识有限,他们初涉作文领地,大部分学生都会感觉“无从下笔”或者即使冥思苦想拼凑好一篇短文,也难以避免多处的单词拼写和语法错误。所以,提供一两篇优质的范文供初学者模仿学习是相当有必要的。
小学英语作文一般题型:根据表格写话、看图写话、根据给出的提示词写话等。大多数是50到100个单词左右。但是小学生的词汇量、语法知识有限,故在写作中有一定的难度。以下介绍写作的几种技巧,目的在于帮助学生减少在用词、语法、拼写、标点等语言方面的错误,提高写作水平。
1回忆法
审清题目的要求后,回忆一下与之相关的课文内容,再动笔。如:My family’s hobby 一词,要求写清楚你的家庭成员的爱好。首先出现在你的脑海里的你所背诵过的呢课文里的句子。具体内容尽量用上自己最熟悉的词来组织。如课文里的句子根据自己的实际情况改编。从而避免单词拼写的错误。
2朗读法
写完文章后,反复朗读自己所写的文章。这样会使你对作文有一个全新的感受。你会在写作时可能出现的错误,如句子不通顺,单词拼写错误等,然后改正。
3记录错误法
准备一个小本子。每次老师把批改过的作文发回来时,仔细阅读老师指出的错误,把错误抄在本子上,并在旁边写上正确的形式。然后在每次写作文前,对照本子的错误,检查自己文中是否出现了相同或是类似的错误,以便及时改正。
4同伴批改法
学生可以找自己的同学互相交换作文批改。对照检查错误。这样,在帮助同学找出错误的过程中,自己也受益匪浅。
篇4:英语写作学习方法
一. 肯定不如否定好
修辞的使用在书面表达中算作很大的亮点,在高中阶段很少有学生会注重修辞的应用。
双重否定也是种修辞,而且对于考生来说,只要稍加注意,可以在文章中设计双重否定的句子。
例如想表达“邮递员天天准时到”,如果写成The postman comes on time every day,就不如变成双重否定,The postman never fails to come on time,就变成了亮点句,起到强调作用。
“几乎每个人对生活的态度都不同程度受到地震的影响”,写成双重否定There was hardly a man or a woman whose attitude towards life had not been affected by the earthquake.
应用类似的修辞会在中为同学们加分。
二. 陈述不如倒装妙
在书面表达中阅卷老师喜欢看到的高级语法共有五种:倒装,强调,从句,独立主格和分词结构,以及虚拟语气。
倒装是一种最简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法。在高中阶段只需掌握倒装的四种形式,就足以应对书面表达。
1. 否定词开头
如果写出的句子中有否定词, 例如I will never marry you. 不如变成倒装,用否定词开头Never will I marry you. 就算作使用了高级语法。
其他的否定词,如not, seldom, hardly等单词开头后面的句子,如果采用倒装都属于更好的表达。
2. 地点状语开头
在很多年的.书面表达中都有表达地点的句子,一个建筑位于什么位置,或什么地方有什么东西,都可以应用倒装。
例如在的全国卷中,图书馆位于学校的中央,Our library is in the center of our school.变成倒装就用地点状语开头:In the center of our school lies our library.
表达“河岸上有很多花”:On the bank stand some flowers.
“天空中繁星点点”:In the sky hang little stars.
在表达地点时,把地点状语放在句首,后面主谓倒装。这样做的好处之一是倒装本身就是高级结构,第二是倒装后把真正的主语放到了句子的末尾,后面还可以继续加从句,使整个句子再呈现更多的亮点。
例如In the center of our school lies our library,which is between the garden and the teaching building.
3. Only+介词短语
在全国卷中,“只有通过这种方式我才能提高英语”,这句话可以写成Only in this way can I improve my English.
4. 形容词+as+主语+be动词
例如:Young as I am, I can manage it.
Rich as our country is, we have a lot of problems.
在的书面表达中:Badly injured as he was, he managed to take down the car’s number.
三. 主动不如被动巧
在近些年的阅卷中,发现考生在写作中很少使用被动语态,也许是受中文思维的影响,几乎整篇文章都使用主动语态。其实在英文中,被动语态的使用是很重要的。
英语是一门客观的语言,而汉语是主观的语言,具体体现则是:英语经常用被动语态,而汉语经常用主动语态;
英语中经常用物称或形式主语开头,强调一件事发生在什么人身上,而汉语经常用人称开头强调一个人发生了什么事。所以使用被动语态更符合英语的习惯。
例如在20的中,很多学生在表达“我们每次可以借五本书最多借十天”时,都是用:We can borrow five books at most, and we can keep them for ten days.这句话如果写成:At most five books can be borrowed at a time and they can be kept for ten days,得分会更高。
四. 分词结构不能少
前文提到,阅卷老师喜欢看到的高级语法共有五种:倒装,强调,从句,独立主格和分词结构,以及虚拟语气。
在所有的高级语法中,阅卷老师最喜欢看到的是独立主格和分词结构。但很多学生不知道如何在文章中使用这个最大的亮点。
其实几乎所有的状语从句都可以变成独立主格或分词结构,时间状语从句,原因状语,条件状语等。例如条件状语从句:If such is the case, you should apologize to her. 如何变成独立主格或分词结构呢?
学会下面的口诀,如果你的作文中有状语从句,马上可改成独立主格或分词结构。
口诀:一去,二看,三改。
一去:去连词
二看:看主语
三改:改分词
If such is the case, you should apologize to her.按照这个口诀来改,第一步,去掉连词if;第二步,看前后两句话的主语,前后主语不一致,所以要改成独立主格;第三步,改分词,is 变成分词是being,所以最后变成Such being the case, you should apologize to her.就变成了独立主格。
如果前后两句话主语一致,就变成分词结构,例如书面表达中的一句话Because I am a student, I’d like to know the price for students. 改成Being a student, I’d like to know the price for students.
总之,英语作文重在设计,设计出让阅卷老师眼前一亮的句子,写出有分词,倒装,强调,修辞的句子,使整篇文章句型丰富,不单一,有效地使用连接成分使文章连贯,方能让你的作文在中拿到高分。
篇5:英语写作学习方法
首先要搞好阅读。阅读是写作的基础,在阅读方面下的功夫越深,驾驭语言的能力也就越强。所以要写好英语先要读好英语,在语言学习方面狠下苦功,教科书要读透,因为教科书中的文章都是一些很好的范文,文笔流畅,语言规范,精彩的一些课文段落要背诵。再就是要进行大量课外阅读,并记住一些好文章的 篇章结构。
二、加强练词造句训练
其次,要加强练词造句的训练。词句对作文相当于造房的材料,无好材料就造不出好房子。平时在学习阅读时要注意收集积累,把好的词语、短语、句型做好笔记。平时在练习中的错误也要做好记录,再对照正确句子,使地道的英语句子如同条件反射,落笔就对。
了解英语写作格式还有,要了解英语写作的不同体裁与格式。可以先看一本介绍英语写作入门的书,对英语写作有一个初步的概念,如怎么写议论文,如何提出论据,如何展开,如何确定中心句;又如,英语信的格式,如何根据不同身份写不同结束语等,然后根据不同的体裁进行写作练习。
三、用英语写日记
要养成记英语日记勤练笔的好习惯。经常用英语记日记,等于天天在练笔,这无疑是加强英语协作的行之有效的好办法。在记日记时,不要总是用简单句,要有意识地用一些好的词组、句型、关联词和复合句等,使文句更优美生动。还有要按照题目或所给情景写文章练笔。写好后对照范文,找出差距,然后再练习,这对加强英语作文也很有帮助,在游泳中学会游泳,只有多练习才能练好。
篇6:高中英语阅读理解学习方法
高中英语阅读理解学习方法
一、读不完文章,做不完题,为什么?
1.是没有养成良好的做题习惯。有些同学做题左顾右盼,无法马上进入考试紧张状态,时间浪费在了考试以外的事情上。
2.是心态不好,考场氛围紧张,考生更紧张。总盯着其他同学做到哪里了,听到翻卷子的声音就非常紧张,更别提做题了。
3.是没有好的做题方法,对阅读理解题分析不够。
解决方案:
1.平衡心态。考试对心态要求很高,既要紧张又不能过分紧张,既要自信又不能妄自菲薄。
2.做题方法。这里只强调做题顺序,大家更倾向于哪种呢?是A→Q→A(A=Article,Q=Question),即先从整体去阅读文章,后看问题,还是Q→A→Q,即先把整个问题快速看一遍,然后带着问题在文章中找答案?选用前者的学生是心里原因在作怪,总觉得不读文章就看题好像肯定做不对似的,心里很不踏实。
这里建议大家选用后者。根据效率原则和目标原则,首先要求学生加强具有目的性的训练,我们要的是什么,通过什么途径可以达到,而且更快更好的达到。此种方法最大的特点就是节省时间,而且针对性很强,如果问题是事实性的和细节性的,那准确率也是比较高的,但它的缺点就是在解决具有推理判断或是综合性的问题时效果就不太明显了。这样大家要灵活运用两者方法,寻找适合自己的解题技巧。
二、如何应对高中英语阅读中的长难句?
近年来,英语阅读解题加强了对长,难句的考察,阅读材料中出现了不少省略句,复合句和特长句,给正确理解全文造成了很大困难。实际上,一般情况下,不在长难句中设题。文章难,题不难。一旦考到长,难句,大家也不要心慌。
应对长难句的解题技巧:
1.利用还原法恢复句型的原貌。例如:Betty shrugs. Talk? Were friends.(全国,C)
该句为省略句,根据上文Harold对妻子长时间跟女友谈话而感到纳闷的情况,该剧课补充还原为:Betty shrugs. Why are we talking so long? Were friends.
2、成分分析法。这是较常用的方法。
三、高中考试前如何进行实战操练才最有效
做到每天五篇,养成考场习惯。每天保证阅读量,最好是一天一套5篇阅读。并根据自己的情况,设定时间完成,逐渐缩短阅读时间。可以按照,50分钟,45分钟,40分钟,35分钟的规律递减。摸索阅读速度,确定阅读方法,保持做题惯性。考前模拟,创造黑马。
临考一天:
完成五篇一天任务,总结一周阅读技巧。当你拿出一周的50篇阅读文章时,相信你的内心一定是充满了喜悦感,成就感。好!保持这种感觉!你便可突出重围!
总结五篇阅读,回答几个问题:
1.每篇阅读是什么题材?(记叙,应用,说明,议论)。
2.每道题是什么题型?(事实细节,主旨大意,推理判断,猜测词义)。
3.题目做错是粗心导致,还是方法使用不当?并把错题归类,哪一种类型是自己的弱项。
4.对应错误再重新阅读本篇指导。做到这些,考场上的你一定如虎添翼!阅读理解满分绝不是幻想!
你必须知道的阅读理解解题方法!
在阅读理解题上得分的多少很大程度上决定着英语的总成绩。而且,阅读量有逐渐扩大且阅读速度进一步提高的趋势;选题多种多样,涉及到社会经济、政治、文化、日常生活各个领域。“阅读理解题”旨在全面检测考生从语段中获取有效信息的能力,依据对近些年的各省高考阅读理解题的分析、对比得知,从其设计和内容上看,可以归纳为以下几点:概括整个语段主旨大意以及事实和细节;能准确理解句子字面和深层含义;能准确理解具体的事实和抽象的概念。题型上主要有主旨大意题、词义猜测题、事实细节题、推理判断题等。
1.主旨大意题
任何一篇文章都有自己的中心思想,所以,文章通常是围绕该中心思想展开的。要领悟文章的中心思想,就要具备归纳和概括方面的能力,而这种能力又常是要考查的重点。很多文章在全文或各段的开头便展示出文章的中心思想,它主要通过主题句(Topic Sentence)来体现。一般来说,文章的主题或中心都在第一段或最后一段表明。某一段的主题句也常出现在段首或段尾,而且常有一些表归纳关系的信号词,如in short, In a word, in brief, to sum up, to conclude等。其常用提问方式主要有:What is the main idea/topic of the passage? The central point of the se-lection is that. The author is mainly concerned with. The passages mainly about等。
2.语义猜测题
该题型主要测试考生利用上下文判断单词、词组或句子在特定语言环境中确切含义的能力。常见的提问方式有:The word“…”in the context means. The word“…”could be best replaced by… Which of the following is nearest meaning to? The word“…”probably refers to.这不仅需要学生准确理解上下文,还要掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。并通过构词、语法等线索确定词义。
3.细节理解题
该题型主要测试学生对文章(或某一段落)中某一些特定细节或文章的`重要事实的辨认能力,分直接辨认和间接辨认两种。直接辨认细节型一般只要求学生能从阅读材料中直接获取、记住信息,然后能快速地将他们回忆出来;而间接辨认型不仅要求读者能从阅读材料中直接获取信息,还要将获得的信息进行各种转换,为阅读材料中某些词汇、短语及句型等找到正确的英语释义。如排序、图文转换、数字转换、同义(反义)转换等。常见的提问方式有:Which of the following is NOT included(mentioned)in the passage? Which of the following sentences is NOT true?
4.推理判断题
这种题型主要考查考生根据已知信息做出合理的推断或判断的逻辑思维能力,包括要求考生体会作者的态度、观点、意图等。常用提问方式有:We can infer/learn from the(last) paragraph that. It can be concluded from the passage that. The pas-sage implies/suggests that. What can be concluded from the passage? The authors purpose of writing the passage is.这需要学生读懂原文,完全理解文中的细节信息,对其进行分析、推算,从而得出正确的结论。
四、破解高考英语阅读理解难题策略
1.立足课文教学,训练阅读思维
通过以上对高考英语阅读理解题的分析,可以看出高考英语命题的趋势是“突出能力,侧重思维”。着重考查学生的观察、分析、对比、联想和判断等思维能力。所以,教学中我们应充分利用课文内容,对学生进行有效的阅读训练,提高其阅读能力。包括对文章中字词句的表层理解(包括辨认词义、句法结构等)以及对文章的结构、主旨进行分析与逻辑判断。从而深刻理解全文,并在此基础上引导站在新的高度上再读课文,领会文章中事件的背景和结局、主要人物的评析和作者的观点意图等。
2.拓宽英语阅读空间
尽管与以往相比,目前高中英语教科书所提供的阅读量有较大幅度的增加,但离大纲的要求还相距甚远,仅限于课文的阅读教学是远远不够的。所以,教师要精心选择、补充阅读材料,以拓宽阅读内容视角,增加阅读量。选择体裁多样(如叙述、描写、应用、说明、议论等文体皆可)、题材广泛(如社会政治经济、日常生活、史地常识、科普文章等)、篇幅适当、内涵丰富、难度适中的阅读材料。特别是具有时代感,异国文化背景浓厚的作品、科技动态、时事新闻等方面的文章,以获取新信息,增长新知识,形成新思维,以有利于语言知识的运用和阅读理解分析题的解答。
3.讲究阅读方法,掌握阅读技巧
高考阅读理解题内容多,时间紧,不仅需要学生具备扎实的基础知识,而且还需要较快的阅读速度。所以,阅读的方法和技巧就显得非常重要。依据前面对高考英语阅读理解题的分析,我们在平时的教学和训练中,必须重视阅读的方法和技巧的生成。如引导学生寻找主题句;养成辨认和记忆具体事实、重要细节的习惯;学会运用构词法、语境等推测关键词义;利用语法过渡词、语气转折词及时态等,把握文章脉络,进行逻辑推理和判断等。
篇7:高中英语阅读理解学习方法
“重”——“重文本”。读懂文章最重要。
文本是题源所在,如果将考生比作勘探人员,那么文本就是他们的勘探场所。撰题者正式通过对文章的深入剖析,才将一个个地宝藏埋藏其中,让考生去发掘。所以读懂文本不仅是正确解题的第一步,也是最关键的一步。
但是,快速读懂一篇文章却非易事,需要进行大量的阅读习练。高超的阅读真功夫有赖良好的阅读习惯的培养。既要读得快,又要读得懂,良好的阅读习惯是保障。
1、阅读的不良习惯
要养成良好的阅读习惯,首先要克服阅读的不良习惯。下面我列举了一些常见的阅读不良习惯,对号入座,看你有否。
心译:读一句心译一句,句句必须借助汉语译文方能理解;
指读:阅读时总是用指头或笔尖等指着句子,边移边读;
逐字逐句:一字一句,字字重视,句句关心,生怕漏掉一个单词,眉毛胡子一把抓;
见生即查:阅读时欲将生词各个击破,完全扫清阅读障碍,认为只要没有生词,便可洞悉文章;
出声:阅读时发出声音,全篇诵读,字字句句,丝毫不拉;
唇读:阅读时虽没有发出声音,但唇随句变,词带舌移,只是声带未颤,声音未出;
默读:没有出声,也没有唇动舌移,但目光、意识仍在逐句念诵。
以上不良习惯要么会打断阅读思维的连贯性,要么会破坏对文本的整体理解,而它们最大的害处就是降低了阅读速度。拿高考来说,共有五篇文章,合理的时间分配是35分钟,再分配到每一篇就只有7分钟了(当然考生可以根据文章难易稍做调整);可就我的教学经验,罕有学生在35分钟内高质量完成五篇文章;有的同学用了50分钟,有的多达一个小时,还不算上复查的时间。常听到同学抱怨“其实试题并不难,只是时间不够”,这正是阅读的不良习惯使然。
2、以意群为单位,成组视读
分清意群,停顿娴熟,不仅是朗诵的关键,更是阅读的基本素质。英语阅读时是以意群为单位,而非以单词或词组为单位。成组视读是说用眼睛扫视,不是一个词一个词的去默看,而是向探照灯一样根据意群,一组组的进行扫视,这时额头成了一个通道,被收纳的是信息,而不是词汇。这是一种高超的阅读能力,非以一贯之的坚持和大量的阅读不能够习得。
3、首尾在心,紧扣中心
任何一位作者都会有自己的写作意图,任何一篇文章都会有自己的中心主旨,而能否明晰作者的写作意图,能否把握文章的主旨,是理解一篇文章的关键,也是阅读水平高低的体现。为了考察考生对文章的理解程度和阅读水平,出题者必然会以各种方式对作者的写作意图与文章的主旨要义进行考察。一般来说,文章的主旨经常会被表述在文章的首尾中,首尾既包括文章的首段尾段,又包括每一段的段首句和段尾句。要想快速把握文章中心,文本之首尾段和各段之首尾句是最佳切入点,因此同学们应格外注意它们。
4、学会跳读,心中有图
阅读理解要做到心中既有森林,又有树木,既要统揽全文,又要主次有别。跳读即可用来通读全文,了解大意,又可用来搜寻细节,锁定被考察信息——如此既把握了整体,又不会忽视细节。在跳读时一定不要借用母语翻译,而要通过情景想象、提纲列表、重点连线、简图示意等手段来梳理文章脉络,使之直观化、形象化、具体化。
以xx年中考xx卷b篇为例,我们可以将重点表达先进行连线:a happy new mother------a baby without ears------was called freak------someone donated his/her ears------a new person appeared------married and lived a happy life------his mother’s body without ears; 再对文本进行情景联想,一出由伟大的母亲、无耳的畸形男孩和老成持重的爸爸三人联合演绎的动情故事便会顿时跃入脑海,一幕幕催人泪下的感人场景便会浮现在眼前。
5、善于猜测词义
各类考试都允许出现3%的超纲词汇,这些词汇往往文中都会给出暗示,考生可以根据上下文来推断他们的意思;有些其后则会紧跟其同位语,直接对其进行解释说明;有的词汇(多数为名词)只需判定它是某类事物即可,比如人名、地名、某类动、植物等等,而无须弄明白其具体意思;有些词真是猜不出意思也不必太在意,因为一、两个词不认识根本不会对文章理解带来障碍,一定不能因之而恐慌,从而影响发挥。对于词义猜测试题中的超纲词,文中肯定会对其进行或解释、或同义、或暗示,只要细心,只要思路开阔,就一定能发现线索,确定其含义。
篇8:英语阅读理解
英语阅读理解
英语自主性阅读实施心得
莱州市实验中学李向民
众所周知,对于人类来说,广泛阅读是汲取知识的重要途径之一,一本好书会影响人的一生,同样英语阅读也是中学生一种非常重要的学习手段,它不仅可以开阔学生的视野,陶冶学生的情操,更是培养学生表达能力的重要途径之一。通过大量英语自主性阅读可以培养学生良好的学习习惯,训练学生敏锐的思维方式及迅速捕捉重要信息的本领,实现学生听、说、读、写综合语言运用能力的全面提高。在平日的工作中,我把自己如何培养学生自主性阅读的实施心得总结如下:
一、备课
1备材料:在每周星期五一次的阅读课之前,我常常把课本上的阅读材料事先分类,打破原有的顺序,把故事类、科普类、新闻类、体育类、应用文体类等归类后依次填写到我的阅读备课笔记中,再进行仔细阅读,发现新鲜的词汇或国家、城市等就把它记下来,然后在周五之前布置学生分别上网或到图书馆查找有关资料,准备在课前导读用。
2、备学生
上课之前要设想学生对于本周的阅读材料会产生什么样的质疑,对于这些质疑如何处理效果更好,学生会对阅读材料中哪一篇更感兴趣,怎样更吸引学生主动参与去探究知识领域,都要事前做好充分的思想准备。更重要得是要教会学生合作方法,让学生主动地动起来。我会按照心理、性格、情感和认知等方面不同的群体分为四人一个小组,每个小组都有高、中、低、差四个层次的学生,使组内成员有一定的差异性和互补性,这样既保证了小组间的竞争性,又保证了公平性。同时,以高带中、中领低、低帮差、差再促高,使学生遇到问题学会自己发现、自己讨论、自己解决,尽可能地挖掘学生的内在潜能。
二、上课
1、课前导入
上课后,前5分钟是导读时间,即把本节课要涉及到的内容(如新词、国家、地方等)让学生写在黑板右下角,然后根据查到的资料做阅读前演说报告,争取用汉英结合式、背景介绍式、谈论式、复习式给大家做个粗略的.解释,这对表达能力也是个促进。先由学生从小组中推出一两个代表发言,也可以由别的小
组成员来做补充说明,最后我再把需要补充的地方加上去,让学生对所需阅读的材料做到心中有数,真正起到一个导读的作用,为下面的阅读作好良好的铺垫。
2、课中进行
课中阅读一般分为竟猜、闯关和抢答三步。首先,让学生快速默读阅读材料一遍,尤其是对于“who,when,where,why,how”等要一眼找出,其次要知道文章的中心思想及每一小段的中心句,对于阅读材料所涉及的内容有一个大概的猜想了解,尤其是要鼓励学生大胆进行猜词。并在教师指导下进行小组讨论,首先要讨论自己不会的单词,把意思弄明白,然后一个小组可以为其他的小组出竟猜单词,这一活动中每猜对一个单词得5分,最后由总记录员宣布分数。这样学生参与热情高涨,同时又培养了学生的集体主义观念,从而达到阅读教学目的的完成,培养学生自主阅读的能力;接下来是细读,也是为闯关作准备,教师可以列出一些重要词汇,然后稍作解释,不要喋喋不休,要把“权利”放下去,让学生各小组去读。这时候老师可以察言观色,他的真正任务不是教,而是帮。因为课堂教学必须以学生为中心,让学生占据大部分课堂时间,教师必须充分调动学生的积极性,有效地组织生动活泼的课堂活动,及时发现他们的困难,为他们排忧解难,真正成为学生学习上的组织者、管理者、鼓励者、合作者和解难者。训练学生在读的同时,可以一边让学生分组讨论阅读材料的翻译,然后由总操作员下去进行现场抽签,哪个小组抽到第几段就必须进行口头翻译,至于由谁来翻译,则由总操作员说了算。学生必须把整个的阅读材料弄明白才能作到口头翻译,检查时不用面面俱到,可以由总操作员以点带面,但每个小组成员都要认真活动,才会闯关顺利。如果还有解决不了的问题老师可以引导学生共同体会、共同发现,同时一定要注意知识与趣味的结合,科学与人文的结合,记忆与思维的结合。
3、课末反思
下课前5-10分钟学生可以做一下整理和积累。母语阅读中的好词、好句、好段、新词汇、精彩描述、精彩对话、经典句型等的记录和积累会使学生收益一生。同样英语阅读中整理和积累也是一个升华的过程,学生把自己在阅读当中遇到的美好的东西积累到自己平时的积累笔记上,最后写上自己的感想。然后闭着眼睛去回味一下,背诵一下,总结一下,反思一下,这个过程产生的效果真的可
能影响学生的一生。
三、课外阅读
阅读是一种学习,是一种进步,也是一种能力。具备这种能力,还必须具备丰富的知识结构。一个拥有社会、文化、风土人情、天文地理、历史等各方面知识的人,在阅读有关的英语材料时,会突然激活他的内动力,他读起来更轻松、更透彻。他不仅能够理解文中所说的内容,还能将文中所涉及的内容及与之有联系的未出现在文中的内容做深层次透彻的了解。所以,第一我鼓励学生进行课内阅读与课外阅读相结合,我推荐了好多有益的适合他们课后阅读的书目,既简单又不乏知识性、趣味性,还会粗略了解一些世界名著;第二进行以媒体为载体的英语阅读训练,为了使英语阅读不枯燥乏味,我会定期带领学生一起听英文歌曲、看英文原版精致的电影、或进行名著欣赏。通过类似的活动来调动学生学习英语的自觉性,从另一层次去做进一步的“阅读理解”,然后我们会分小组进行准备,在每周一的“英语角”活动中,进行即兴演讲,别的小组都可以参与擂台赛。擂主就是即兴演讲的冠军。
四、课后作业
我每周定期布置一次对英语阅读理解的改写、扩写或缩写,这比单纯的做阅读理解更深一层,学生必须在理解的基础上进行改、扩、缩写。如果把握不好原有的阅读材料,要想进行改动会是难上加难,所以我会鼓励学生畅所欲“写”,把学生写下来的文章当作作文一样,让学生互相进行批阅,可以在旁边进行旁批,然后要在最后给出总评,提出修改意见或希望,最后打上等级。接下来我会认真复审一遍,仔细批阅之后再还给学生修改。学生通过自己去做作文、批作文、写评语、看评语,最后再据此修改。我还会让学生对一些稍简单的文章进行口头复述或进行调查,写出调查报告,或办手抄报,把调查报告或手抄报放在橱窗里进行展览,以此激发他们进行阅读理解的积极性。
总之,我们要根据学生的实际情况进行限定性阅读和开放性阅读相结合的方式,侧重阅读和理解,同时兼顾听说读写的综合训练,侧重于阅读理解能力和英语文化素养的培养与提高。注重学生的小组合作活动,侧重学生的自主探究能力的培养,发掘不同层次学生的英语潜能,激励整体学生英语学习氛围,让学生
体验学习途径及阅读过程中的成功和乐趣,从而有效地进行自主性阅读学习,提高学生自主学习的能力。所以,我认为“基于母语环境的英语自主性阅读与表达能力的培养”其本身就是对我们所从事的职业的帮助,是让英语阅读理解自己和更多的教师从繁重的、低效的劳动中挣脱出来;让自己的孩子和更多的孩子从沉重的、无止境的压力中解脱出来的一缕春光,这给学生提供了一个展示自我的平台,让我们真诚地、执着地去做,不再重复昨天的故事。
篇9:英语阅读理解
81、(1分)
Have you eaten too much over the holidays? You should try fidgeting for a while. Those around you might not like it, but scratching moving your nails 指甲) against a part of your body) and twitching moving suddenly and quickly when you don’ t want to) is an important way of burning up calories 卡路里).
American researchers have found that some people’s squirming continuously turn your body when nervous) and wigging move in small movements, especially from side to side) equals 等于) several miles of slow running each day.
The scientists, based at the National Institute of Health’s laboratory in Phenix, Arizona, are studying why some people get fat and other stay slim.
In one study 177 people each spent 24 hours in a room in the institute where the amount 量) of energy is measured by their oxygen and carbon dioxide 二氧化碳) levels. By the end of the day, some people had burned up 800 calories in toe-tapping, moving the front part of your foot up and down) finger-drumming hitting your fingers continuously and lightly against something hard) and other nervous habits. However, others had burned up only 100 calories.
The researchers found that slim women fidget more than fat women, but there was no significant difference in men. Heavy people burn up more energy when they fidget than do thin people.
1. Which of the following can be used to explain the meaning of “fidgeting”?
A. scratching and twitching B. squirming and wigging
C. slow running D. moving one’s body nervously
2. We can know from the passage that scientists believe the reason why some people get fat and other people stay slim is that ____ .
A. thin people burn up less calories than fat people
B. fat people burn up more calories than thin people
C. those who burn up more calories than others will be thinner
D. those who fidget more than others will be thinner
3. Scientists found in the experiment that ____ .
A. the energy burned up by fat people when they fidget was more than that burned up by thin people when they fidget
B. some people’s fidgeting burned up more than 800 calories, but some people’s fidgeting burned up less than 100 calories
C. slim women fidget more than fat women but fat men fidget more than thin men
D. thin men fidget more than fat men
4. If someone is thin in a pleasant way, we say they are ____ .
A. skinny B. bony C. slim D. underweight
5. Scientists think a fidget habit to be ____ .
A. a way to lose fat
B. a nervous habit annoying使讨厌) the people around
C. a better exercise than slow running
D. a habit of thin people
82、(1分)
Scientists would like to place a huge mirror in space above the earth. It might be sixty miles wide. It would be used to catch the rays 光线) of the sun. It would direct the sun’s rays upon the earth as a child might do to make sunlight dance on the wall with a hand mirror.
Why do they want to do this? The sun’s rays could be helpful in many ways. They could light up cities by night. The warm rays could stop frosts霜冻) which might come at might and fruit crops. They could melt 融化) dangerous icebergs in the ocean. Perhaps they could change cloud movements and bring rain where it is needed.
1. The huge mirror would ______.
A. stand 60 miles in height 高度). B. be 60 miles from side to side.
C. cover 60 miles of the earth. D. be 60 miles above the earth.
2. The mirror would be used to ______.
A. reflect 反射)sunlight. B. absorb 吸收) sunlight.
C. see what the earth looks like. D. see how clouds move.
3. The strong light from the mirror could possibly ______.
A. hurt fruit crops. B. set fire to cities.
C. bring longer daytime. D. shine through walls.
4. The huge mirror is ______.
A. something in a story. B. already made.
C. just an idea. D. to be made soon.
83、(1分)
In Denmark, parents are allowed to set up a new school if they are dissatisfied with the school in the area where they are living. Although these schools have to follow the national courses, they are allowed a lot of choice in deciding what to teach. Some of these new schools are called “small schools” because usually the number of pupils in them is only sixty, but a school has to have at least twenty-seven pupils.
Cooleenbridge School in Ireland, is a small school similar to the ones in Denmark, it was set up by parents who came from Holland, Germany, Czechoslovakia, England and other parts of Ireland. They came because they wanted to live in the countryside and to grow their own food. In June 1986, they decided to start a school. They managed to get an old, disused primary-school 小学) building and started with twenty-four children aged from four to twelve.
The teachers say, “The important thing in school is doing, not sitting.”And so the courses includes yoga瑜伽), cooking, knitting, kite-making, music, fishing, drama 戏剧) and environmental环境的) river studies, as well as reading, writing, maths and science.
1. What are the rules for setting up a new school in Denmark?
A. Parents are allowed to set up their own school.
B. The school has to follow the national courses.
C. The school has to have at least 27 pupils.
D. All of the above.
2. The writer tells about the Cooleenbridge School in Ireland because ____ .
A. it was set up by parents who are not people of Denmark
B. it was taken as an example of this kind of “small school”
C. there were only twenty-four children
D. the pupils there were aged from 4 to 12
3. What makes this kind of school special?
A. It is set up by parents not by government.
B. It is free to decide what to teach.
C. The number of pupils in it is only sixty.
D. It has to have at least 27 pupils.
4. “The important thing in school is doing not sitting.” What the teachers say actually means ____ .
A. What we should do is teaching in the classroom, not sitting in the office.
B. Children should do more homework at home, not just sit in class to listen to the teachers.
C. Children should learn by themselves not rely on teachers.
D. Children should learn through practice not just from books.
5. The courses includes ____ .
A. yoga, cooking, knitting, kite-making, music, fishing, drama and environmental river studies, except reading, writing, maths and science
B. either yoga, cooking, knitting, kite-making, music, fishing, drama and environmental river studies, or reading, writing, maths and science
C. not only reading, writing, maths and science, but also yoga, cooking knitting, kitemaking, music, fishing, drama and environmental river studies
D. mainly yoga, cooking, knitting, kite-making, music, fishing, drama and environmental river studies, and supplemental 补充的) reading writing, maths and science
84、(1分)
Sixty-year-old grandmother, Fiona McFee, is going to stop working next year and she decided to realize a childhood dream and sail around the coast of Scotland in a small boat. Although the inside of the boat is very cosy it has no running water or electricity. Fiona says she can live without these things but she plans to take her small CD player, her hot water bottle and a bag of books to make sure life isn’t too uncomfortable.
We asked her if she was afraid of being at sea for so long. She said, “Well, I’m going to take a good compass 指南针). Anyway I’m not afraid of death because I love the sea---I just hope it loves me.” Fiona certainly has plenty of energy; in her spare time, she enjoys playing the piano, rock-climbing, canoeing and dancing. Although she is sixty, she doesn’t want to have a quiet and peaceful life. “I’m looking forward to having fun in the rest of my life and that’s exactly why I’d like to be a sailor for a while.”
1. The underlined word cosy in the first paragraph means ____ .
A. bright B. dirty C. comfortable D. dark
2. When Fiona McFee said “---I just hope it loves me.” What she meant was ____
A. Of course , it loves me , since I love it .
B. If I love it , it should love me.
C. I hope it will bring me a safe sailing as a return for my love of it .
D. I hope it will save my life when I am in time of danger .
3. The reason why she would like to have the sail is that ____.
A. she thinks it will be very exciting B. she likes sports and enjoys canoeing
C. she has decided to realize a childhood dream D. she wants to be still active when she gets old
4. What kind of person would you say the old woman is ?
A. Someone who does not show what she is feeling .
B. Someone who is very proud and sure of her success .
C. Someone who doesn’t use her head much .
D. Someone who is open , honest and brave .
5. The best title for this passage is ____ .
A. Life Begins at Sixty B. A Round Coast Sail
C. An Old Woman Sailor D. An Unusual Hobby爱好)
85、(1分)
Of all the fish we catch in the world, we eat only three quarters of it. The rest goes to glue 胶水), soap, margarine 人造奶油), pet food and fertilizer.
Fishermen usually freeze fish they catch at sea. Back in port, they defrost the fish, make the fish have no bones in it and sell it as fresh fish.
Over ninety-five percent of fish caught is in the northern hemisphere. Thus, only about five percent of all fish caught is from south of the equator.
The Japanese are the world champion fish eaters. They eat twice as much fish as the Scandinavians, and five times as much fish as the Americans.
The Russian sturgeon 鲟鱼) is the most expensive fish in the world. The eggs of the sturgeon are called caviar.
1. What do we do with the fish we catch in the world?
A. We eat all the fish we catch.B. We use some of it to make pet food and fertilizer.
C. We do not use 25% of it. D. We freeze all the fish we catch.
2. We catch most fish ____ .
A. south of the equator B. on or just north of the equator
C. in the northern part of the earth D. in the southern hemisphere
3. In the second paragraph, the word “defrost” means ____ .
A. make the fish dead B. make the fish alive
C. make the fish become unfrozen D. make the fish clean
4. Which of the following statements is correct according to the passage?
A. Americans eat five times as much fish as the Scandinavians.
B. Scandinavians eat five times as much fish than the Americans.
C. Japanese eat more fish only than the Americans and Scandinavians in the world.
D. The Americans do not eat so much fish as the Japanese.
86、(1分)
Robert is nine years old and Joanna is seven. They live at Mount Ebenezer. Their father has a big property. In Australia they call a farm a property.
Robert and Joanna like school very much. At school they can talk to their friends but Robert and Joanna cannot see their friends. They live 100, perhaps 300, miles away and like Robert and Joanna, they all go to school by radio.
Mount Ebenezer is in the centre of Australia. Not many people live in “The Centre”. There are no schools with desks and blackboards and no teachers in “The Centre”. School is a room at home with a two-way radio. The teacher also has a two-way radio. Every morning she calls each student on the radio. When all students answer, lessons begin… Think of your teacher 300 miles away!
1. The children in “The Centre” do not go to a school because ______.
A. they live too far away from one another. B. they do not like school.
C. they are not old enough to go to school. D. their families are too poor.
2. In order to send their children to school, parents in “The Centre” of Australia must have ______.
A. a property. B. a car.
C. a school room at home. D. a special radio.
3. Teachers in “The Centre” of Australia teach ______.
A. not in a classroom but at the homes of the students.
B. by speaking only and not showing anything in writing.
C. without using any textbooks or pictures.
D. without knowing whether the students are attending .
4. When children are having a lesson, they can hear their teacher.
A. but their teacher cannot hear them.
B. and their teacher can hear them too.
C. but cannot hear their schoolmates.
D. and see him or her at the same time.
5. A “Property” in Australia is a
A. house. B. school.
C. farm. D. radio.
87、(1分)
Calories show the energy content of different foods. We all need a certain amount each day to make our bodies work properly. Unfortunately, people in Europe and the US now eat about 20 times as much sugar and at least five times as much fat as they did in 1800. This may have something to do with the increase in heart disease in Western countries .
For wedding feasts婚宴), the Bedouin people sometimes prepare a meal of stuffed roast camel. First, they stuff a fish with eggs. Then they put the fish inside a chicken. They put the chicken inside a whole roast sheep. Then, finally, they put all of this inside a cooked camel!
The avocado contains 165 calories for every 100 grams of fruit. This is more than eggs or milk. It also contains twice as much protein 蛋白质) as milk and has more vitamin A, B and C.
1. Which of the following figures 图表) shows us the correct proportion 比例) of the fat and sugar that the Europeans and the Americans eat in 1800 and 1900.
2. Calories show the ____ .
A. fat content of food B. sugar content of food
C. heat and energy content of food D. protein content of food
3. The writer tells about the “stuffed roast camel” because it ____ .
A. shows how important wedding feast to the Bedouin people
B. serves as an example of a high calorie food
C. is made in a very special way
D. is more tasty than any other food
4. What is special for the avocado ?
A. It weighs 100 grams.
B. It is a fruit.
C. An avocado fruit has 165 calories.
D. It contains more calories and vitamin A ,B and C than milk and eggs .
5. Which of the statements is correct according to the passage ?
A. People eat more sugar in Europe than in the US.
B. People in Europe and the US eat less sugar than ever before .
C. People eat more fat in the US than in Europe .
D. People who eat too much fat and sugar will have some health problems .
88、(1分)
The 17th-century Irish farmer Rober Cook was the most unusual person in County Waterford. he always wore white linen. His underwear, night clothes and shirts were all in white, and so were his suits, coats and hats. He became so famous for his clothes and his love for white that he was known all over Ireland as “Linen Cook”.
He refused to have any brown cows in the field of his farm at Cappoquin and even his horses had to be the same pure white as his clothes.
Cook was a eager vegetarian and refused to eat the flesh of any animal or to wear anything produced by an animal.
A fox which attacked 袭击) his chickens was not killed when it was caught. Instead, he gave it a talk on the evils 罪恶) of murder, then offered it a sporting chance by making it run through a line of his farm workers, who had sticks.
Cook had a long and healthy life and showed that “water for drink, vegetables for food and linen and other plant life for clothing were enough to live on.”
He died in 1726 when he was over eighty years old and was buried in a white linen shroud 寿衣).
1. The man the writer tells us about is a ____ .
A. person who has a strange habit B. famous person all over the world
C. healthy man D. man who lived a long life
2. From the passage we can know that ____ .
A. he wasn’t married all his life
B. he didn’t wear leather皮的) shoes or woolen毛的) clothes
C. he disliked the colour brown most
D. he died at the age of 80
3. “Vegetarians”are people who do not ____ .
A. buy animals B. kill animals C. eat animals D. keep animals
4. We can inferred from the passage that the fox wasn’t killed by Robert Cook, but perhaps ____ .
A. it could understand what it did was bad after Robert gave it a talk on the evils of murder.
B. it had sports together with Robert’s farm workers
C. it was given a chance to run away
D. it had got a beat from Robert’s farm workers
5. “water for drink, vegetables for food and linen and other plant life for clothing were enough to live on.” That is ____ .
A. the conclusion drawn by the writer B. the words of Robert Cook
C. a saying D. the belief of a certain famous person
89、(1分)
A HOLIDAY jet pilot 飞行员) said that he would land and call the police after a woman refused to stop smoking.
He warned Maureen Harkavy, “Put that cigarette out, or I’ll land the plane and have you arrested.”
Maureen, 47, was so shocked she wrote to the airline’s chairman. But his reply was even ruder.
“You seem to think you have a God-given right to pollute your neighbours’ atmosphere,” wrote John Ferriday of Paramount Airways.
a)Said Maureen, “I only found out about it when I was checking in. I’m a nervous flyer so I lit a cigarette during the flight. A stewardess 空姐) asked me to put it out, but I said I wanted to carry on as there was no rule against smoking on the plane.” She was just finishing her cigarette when the pilot arrived.
b) I’ve never seen such an unpleasant letter. She said, “I don’t think I’ll ever fly again.” But there was a funny side. Maureen explained, “We were offered duty-free 免税) cigarette from the stewardess on the plane!”
c) Mr. Ferriday went on; “Believe me, you haven’t. Especially when you travel on my planes.”
Maureen and her husband Michael were moved to Paramount flight just before they left Portugal. But they were not told of the company’ s 公司的) no smoking policy.
d) “He was loud and rude,” said Maureen. “He said if I lit another cigarette he would land the plane at Bordeaux and hand me to the French police.”
Later, from her home in Mosely, Birmingham, Maureen wrote to the company and received the rude reply.
1. The second half of the story has been in wrong order. Parts a-d) Choose the rearranged order which you think is right.
A. a, c, b, d B. c, a, b, d C. c, a, d, b D. d, a, b, c
2. What was Maureen Harkey warned to do by the pilot?
A. The pilot said that she must throw her cigarette out of the plane, or he would get her
off the plane.
B. The pilot said she must stop smoking immediately, otherwise he would bring down the jet
and hand her to the police.
C. The pilot said that she couldn’t lit another cigarette after her first one.
D. The pilot said that he would get her arrested by the police if she kept on smoking.
3. Maureen Harkavy ____ on the plane.
A. accepted the warning
B. agreed to the warning
C. refused to do what she was told to
D. was so shocked that she wrote to the airline’s chairman
4. In the answer letter to Maureen Harkavy, the airline’s chairman ____ .
A. made an apology to her for his worker’s rudeness
B. made sure that he would solve the problem
C. said that she had the right to smoke on his plane because the right is given by God to everyone.
D. actually completely agreed with what the pilot said
5. From the story we can see that the writer probably takes the side of ____ .
A. the pilot B. the airline’s chairman C. the stewardress D. Maureen Harkavy
90、(1分)
Good afternoon, and welcome to England. We hope that your visit here will be a pleasant one. Today, I would like to draw your attention to a few of our laws.
The first one is about drinking. Now, you may not buy alcohol 酒) in this country if you are under 18 years of age, nor may your friends buy it for you.
Secondly, noise. Enjoy yourselves by all means, but please don’t make unnecessary noise, particularly at night. We ask you to respect other people who may wish to be quiet.
Thirdly crossing the road. Be careful. The traffic moves on the left side of he road in this country. Use pedestrian crossings 人行横道) and do not take any chances when crossing the road.
My next point is about litter throwing away waste material in a public place). It is an offence 违法行为) to drop litter in the street. When you have something to throw away, please put it in your pocket and take it home, or put it in a litter bin.
篇10:英语阅读学习方法
英语阅读学习方法
Ø 精读法:精读法是指对全文全面而系统的掌握。在词汇的层面上,通过一些工具如字典等理解并掌握文章中的每一个生词的意思和用法。在句子的层面上,如果遇到了结构复杂难以理解的长句,要通过语法知识对句子的结构进行完整的分析,首先理出主谓关系,然后逐步分解句子的其他部分。在 篇章的层面上,要认真研究通篇文章,对全文的中心思想有一个精确的认识,并且文章的每一个细节,同时还要了解与文章相关的一些背景知识。当然,这种方法并不适合应试,而主要适用于平时的英语学习。考生在考研复习的过程中要把精读和泛读结合起来,对一些重点文章、尤其是考研真题文章进行精读学习,才能从根本上提高自己的能力。关于如何研读真题,下文将有更详细的介绍。
Ø 扫读法:扫读法是指在阅读文章过程中只寻找那些重点信息阅读,如只找与阅读题题干相关的部分进行阅读,从而快速定位关键信息,而略过其他的内容。这种方法有较大的难度,适用于英语水平和能力较高的考生,一般考生要谨慎使用。因为扫读法要求考生能够在短时间内快速扫过一篇文章的所有段落,如果没有对于英语足够的敏感性,则有限不仅找不到有用的信息,还很可能略过了一些关键的内容。考生可以尝试一些这种方法看看是否适用于自己,但是在考研实战中还是谨慎为好。
Ø 跳读法:跳读法是指以一般的顺序从头到尾地阅读一篇文章,但是在阅读的过程中速度并不一致,而是有快有慢。读到文章的重要部分时,可以减慢速度;而读到一些无关大局的细枝末节时,则快速跳过。前文已经较为详细地介绍了文章中应该重点阅读的内容,下面我们在简单说明一下可以省略和跳过的内容。
克服英语阅读不良习惯
1、母语译读:许多考生没有养成良好的英语思维习惯,在阅读英语文章的过程中习惯在脑子里先把文章翻译成中文进行理解,这样既影响了阅读速度,又可能造成理解的偏差和错误,是考生一定要避免的。解决方案就是要养成用英语进行直接阅读和思考的习惯,可以通过平时多阅读英文文章(包括英文报刊杂志、英文小说等休闲读物)、多收看英文电视节目和收听英文广播节目,来给自己造成一个英语的氛围,从而形成英语思维习惯,提高阅读效率。
2、手指划读:很多考生无论是在读中文还是读英文的时候,都习惯用手指或者笔指着每个单词一个一个地读,这样会严重影响眼睛扫视文章的功能,从而减慢阅读速度。考生要练习离开自己的手指和笔,用眼睛扫读文章的习惯,从而提高阅读速度和效率。
3、轻声朗读:有一些考生阅读文章时只有读出来才能理解,而看的时候却一头雾水,因此即使在考生的时候也要轻声朗读。这样不仅在考试过程中会影响其他考生,而且还会被误以为是在作弊。同时,由于要把每一个单词都读出来,也影响了阅读的速度。因此考生要在平时练习中放弃这个习惯,学会默读。
4、摇头阅读:有的考生习惯在阅读文章的时候头随着视线的移动而移动,尤其是换行的时候,头转动的幅度更大。这种习惯不仅使人很容易产生疲劳状况,也会影响到阅读文章的速度,应该予以纠正。
5、重复阅读:有的考生在阅读文章的时候,一旦没有读懂一个单词或者一个意群就会不断地回到句子开头重新读、并反复地琢磨整句话的意思以达到透彻的理解。这个习惯却是考研阅读的大忌,因为这不仅仅限制了阅读的速度,更重要的是如果考生养成这种习惯,就会影响对于英语文章理解的整体效率,不仅影响到应试结果,而且对考生长期英语能力的培养都有较大的负面影响。大家平时在阅读中文文章的时候即使有部分内容不理解也可以顺利地继续往下读,读英文也是一样,因此如果有类似的重复阅读习惯就一定要纠正过来。在对每篇文章进行第一次阅读时,尽量做到一气呵成。
4、攻克长难句
长难句是阅读过程中的重点和难点,也是考生经常感到无所适从的地方,但长难句恰恰是命题的重点区域,因此不可小觑。其实,对付长难句的办法也很简单,就是八个字“化繁为简、找出主干”。与汉语行文松散的结构不同,英语中每一个完整的句子都必须严格地遵守语法习惯,由“主语+ 谓语”这个基本结构构成。因此在阅读长难句的时候,考生应该首先找到这个句子的主谓(宾)结构,其余的成分包括定语从句、宾语从句、同位语、插入语、定状补语等可以一概略过。这个时候就剩下了一个干净简单的句子,这个主局一般都能够说明句子的大意。在主句的基础上,考生在逐步地把句子的其他部分和主干句联系起来,分析并理清其中的关系,这个时候就该长句就会比较容易理解了。
篇11:英语阅读学习方法
英语阅读学习方法:
1、快速阅读掌握大意。不管平时阅读还是考试做阅读题,学生们应带着问题快速浏览从中寻找答案。把握关键词是必要的。通过关键词来推理文章的思路和作者的态度。如果阅读文章时,阅读速度太慢,就会出现看了下句忘了上句,对文章没有整体把握,结果只见树木不见森林。另外,阅读时,特别是第一次阅读可以跳读。千万不要一字一句地读。阅读时,可以以词组或短语为单位。当然,仅读一遍难以全部领会文章的意思。必要时,可以多读几遍。第一次,要快读;第二次以后,可以仔细地读。
2、不要一遇到生词就查词典,要学会猜词。如果一遇到生词就查词典,这样会影响阅读速度。另一方面,一个单词往往会有许多意思,有时不联系文章特定的情景,很难确定生词的确切含义。学生们可以根据上下文和构词法等规则去大胆地猜这个生词在文中可能是什么意思。如能猜中词意,那么学生会对阅读英文文章兴趣倍增,会有成就感,这样对提高英语水平非常有益。
3、为了更好地理解文章需要找出主题句。主题句一般位于句首,有时会出现在句中或句末。把握好主题句能更好地理解全文。主题句是每段的关键内容,如能正确把握,对中学生提高英语阅读理解能力有着举足起轻重的作用。
4、多读一些浅显易懂的英文文章,多多益善。刚开始。中学生可以尝试着读一些英文小故事。随着时间的推移,逐渐进入状态有了感觉。这时可以读一些有生词但可以通过上下文能推理出词意的原著简写本。这样通过扩大阅读量,学生们可以尽快地提高阅读理解能力,同时还可以扩大词汇量,一举两得。
5、建议学生们背课文精彩段落。学生们上早自习时可以自己选择感兴趣的几段反复朗读直至可以复述或背下来。如能长期坚持,必定会有大的收获。经常背课文可以增强英文语感。有了强烈的语感,阅读理解能力会不知不觉地慢慢提高。
英语阅读学习的小贴士:
1,锻炼自己整体思维。怎么锻炼整体思维,前期的做法是稳扎稳打。看到一篇阅读,先通读一遍,注意,不管遇到多难的词,多少懵逼的段落,都要坚持读下来,刚开始会非常难受,为了阅读,请坚持。读完之后,看题目,总览一下题目,分清题目主要是问了什么,一定要认真翻译题目,前期把题目翻译成中文写在纸上都不为过!做完这些之后,看一下花了多长时间,记下来。然后读第二遍。请坚持读第二遍。读完之后,如果涉及作者观点的,看能否概括出观点。不能的话不要紧,直接做题。
2,做题,一般一道题对应的是一段话。比如第一题对应的是第一段,翻回第一段找,找文章原话或者关键词。如果都是不认识的词,不要着急,凭感觉选一个。以此类推,当题做完后,看用了多长时间。
3,对答案,看答案是怎么把其他答案一步一步排除的,出题的类型无外乎就是那么几种,所以留意下小细节。
4,对完答案,知道错哪之后,去看整篇文章的翻译,通读翻译,看看文章有没有什么结构,比如总分总啥的。
5,总结。总结选项中出现的单词,文章中出现的重点单词。一定要总结,写在一个小本子上,留着之后背诵用。
篇12:英语阅读理解作文
英语阅读理解作文
Passage Two
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.
The worlds environment is surprisingly healthy. Discuss. If that were an examination topic, most students would tear it apart, offering a long list of complaints: from local smog(烟雾)to global climate change, from the felling(砍伐)of forests to the extinction of species. The list would largely be accurate, the concern legitimate. Yet the students who should be given the highest marks would actually be those who agreed with the statement. The surprise is how good things are, not how bad.
After all, the worlds population has more than tripled during this century, and world output has risen hugely, so you would expect the earth itself to have been affected. Indeed, if people lived, consumed and produced things in the same way as they did in 1900 , the world by now would be a pretty disgusting place: smelly, dirty, toxic and dangerous.
But they dont. The reasons why they dont, and why the environment has not been ruined, have to do with prices, technological innovation, social change and government regulation in response to popular pressure. That is why todays environmental problems in the poor countries ought, in principle, to be solvable.
Raw materials have not run out, and show no sign of doing so. Logically, one day they must: the planet is a finite place. Yet it is also very big, and man is very ingenious. What has happened is that every time a material seems to be running short, the price has risen and, in response, people have looked for new sources of supply, tried to find ways to use less of the materials, or looked for a new substitute. For this reason prices for energy and for minerals have fallen in real terms during the century. The same is true for food. Prices fluctuate, in response to harvests, natural disasters and political instability; and when they rise, it takes some time before new sources of supply become available. But they always do, assisted by new farming and crop technology. The long-term trend has been downwards.
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