大学英语四级阅读练习题及答案（精选12篇）由网友“落海”投稿提供，下面是小编精心整理的大学英语四级阅读练习题及答案，希望能够帮助到大家。
篇1：大学英语四级阅读练习题及答案
A department store’s inputs include the land upon which the building is located, the labor of the employees, (47) ______ in the form of building, equipment and merchandise, and the management skills of the store managers. On a farm, the operation system is the transformation that occurs when a farmer’s (48) ______ (land, equipment, labor, etc.) are converted into such outputs as corn, wheat or milk. The exact form of the conversion process (49) ______ from industry to industry, but it is an (50) ______phenomenon that exists in every industry. Economists refer to this (51) ______ of resources into goods and services as the production function. For all operation systems, the general goal is to create some kind of value-added outputs that are worth more to consumers than just the sum of the inputs. To the consumers, the resulting products (52) ______utility due to the form, the time, or the place of their availability from the conversion process.
However, the process is subject to random changes. Unplanned or uncontrollable influences may cause the actual output to differ from planned output. Random fluctuations can arise from external disruption (fire, floods or lightning, for example) or from (53) ______ problems inherent in the conversion process. Inherent variability of equipment, material imperfections, and human errors
all affect output quality (54)______. In fact, random variations are the rule rather than the exception in production processes; therefore, (55) _____ variation becomes a major management task.
The function of the feedback is to provide (56) ______ linkages.
Without some feedback of information, management personnel cannot control operations because they don' t know the results of their directions.
A) offer
B) capital
C) medium
D)difficult
E) varies
F) differently
G) proposal
H) transformation I) beautifully
J) economic
K) reducing
L) internal
M) inputs
N) afford
O) information
答案与解析：
47-51:B) capital; M) inputs; E) varies; J) economic; H) transformation
52-56:A) offer ; L) internal ; F)differently ; k) reducing; O) information;
篇2：大学英语四级阅读练习题及答案
Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage
Since we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles (困难). People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off (挡开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more likely.
Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting (转移…注意力) us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instrumental support―financial aid,material resources, and needed services―that reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
1. Interpersonal relationships are important because ________.
A) they are indispensable to people’s social well-being
B) they awaken people’s desire to exchange resources
C) they help people to cope with life in the information era
D) they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc
2. Research shows that people’s physical and mental health ________.
A) relies on the social welfare systems which support them
B) has much to do with the amount of support they get from others
C) depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troubles
D) is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives
3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “cushions” (Line 1, Para. 2)?
A) Adds up to. B) Does away with. C) Lessens the effect of.D) Lays the foundation for.
4. Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of ________.
A) instrumental support
B) informational support
C) social companionship
D) the strengthening of self-respect
5. Social companionship is beneficial in that ________.
A) it helps strengthen our ties with relatives
B) it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakes
C) it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyable
D) it draws our attention away from our worries and troubles
答案解析：
1-5 A B C A D
篇3：大学英语四级阅读练习题及答案
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
The French word renaissance means rebirth. It was first used in 1855 by the historian Jules Michelet in his History of France, then adopted by historians of culture, by art historians, and eventually by music historians, all of whom applied it to European culture during the 150 years spanning 1450-1600. The concept of rebirth was appropriate to this period of European history because of the renewed interest in ancient Greek and Roman culture that began in Italy and then spread throughout Europe. Scholars and artists of this period wanted to restore the learning and ideals of the classical civilizations of Greece and Rome. To these scholars this meant a return to human. Fulfillment in life became a desirable goal, and expressing the entire range of human emotions and enjoying the pleasures of the senses were no longer frowned on. Artists and writers now turned to religious subject matter and sought to make their works understandable and appealing.
These changes in outlook deeply affected the musical culture of the Renaissance period --- how people thought about music as well as the way music was composed and experienced. They could see the architectural monuments, sculptures, plays, and poems that were being rediscovered, but they could not actually hear ancient music --- although they could read the writings of classical philosophers, poets, essayists, and music theorists that were becoming available in translation. They learned about the power of ancient music to move the listener and wondered why modern music did not have the same effect. For example, the influential religious leader Bernardino Cirillo expressed disappointment with the learned music of his time. He urged musicians to follow the example of the sculptors, painters, architects, and scholars who had rediscovered ancient art and literature.
The musical Renaissance in Europe was more a general cultural movement and state of mindthan a specific set of musical techniques. Furthermore, music changed so rapidly during this century and a half-though at different rates in different countries---that we cannot define a single Renaissance style.
62. What does the author mean by using the word “eventually” in line 3?
A) That music historians used the term “Renaissance” after the other historians did
B) That most music historians used the term “Renaissance”
C) The term “Renaissance” became widely used by art historians but not by music historians
D) That music historians used the term “Renaissance” very differently than it had been used by Jules Michelet
63. The phrase “frowned on” in line 9 is closest in meaning to
A) given up B) forgotten about C) argued about D) disapproved of
64. It can be inferred from the passage that thinkers of the Renaissance were seeking a rebirth of
A) communication among artists across Europe
B) spirituality in everyday life
C) a cultural emphasis on human values
D) religious themes in art that would accompany the traditional secular themes
65. According to the passage, why was Bemardino Cirillo disappointed with the music of his time?
A) It was not complex enough to appeal to musicians.
B) It had little emotional impact on audiences.
C) It was too dependent on the art and literature of his time.
D) It did not contain enough religious themes.
66. Which of the following is mentioned in the passage as a reason for the absence of a single Renaissance musical style?
A) The musical Renaissance was defined by technique rather than style.
B) The musical Renaissance was too short to give rise to a new musical style.
C) Renaissance musicians adopted the styles of both Greek and Roman musicians.
D) During the Renaissance, music never remained the same for very long.
答案解析：
62-66 ADCBD
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篇4：6月大学英语四级阅读练习题及答案
Questions 56-60 are based on the following passage.
Educators today are more and more oftenheard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary forcollegestudents. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanentaccess to his or her ownmicrocomputer. What advantages do computers offer thecollege students?
Any student who has used a word processorwill know one compelling reason to use a computer: to writepapers. Although notall students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most ,findrevising and editingmuch easier on it. One can alter, insert, or delete just bypressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite orre-type.Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are morelikely to revise as often as isnecessary to end up with the best paperpossible. For these reasons, many freshman English cottrses require the useof aword processor.
Computers are also useful in the contextof language courses, where they are used to drill students in basicskills.Software programs reinforce ESL(English as a Second Language .instruction, aswell as instrnction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By usingthese programs on a regular basis, students can improvetheir proficiency in alanguage while proceeding at their own pace.
Science students take advantage ofcomputers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, forexample, botanystudents can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medicalstudents can learn tointerpret computerized images of internal body structures.Physics students can complete complex calculations farmore quickly than theycould without the use of computer.
Similarly, business and accountingstudents find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensabletomany aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts,marketing, and public relations find thatknowledge of computer graphic isimportant Education majors learn to develop grading systems usingcomputers,while social science students use computers for analyzing andgraphically displacing their research results.
It is no wonder, then, that educatorssupport the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A Versatile tool, the computer can help students learn.And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.
56、The word“literacy” (Line 1,Paragraph 1) means _________.
A.the ability to read andwrite
B.the ability to use
C.literature
D.the knowledge of language
57、The main purpose of thispassage is to _________.
A.persuade the educators toincrease computer use in their own classroom
B.analyze advantages anddisadvantages of computer use among college students
C.identify some of the waysthat computers benefit college students
D.describe how computers canbe used to teach foreign languages
58、According to the author, aword processor can be used to_________.
A.revise papers
B.retype papers
C.reduce the psychologicalburden of writing papers
D.improve the writing skillsof a student
59、In this passage, thewriter's argument is developed primarily through the use of_________.
A.cause-effect analysis
B.comparison andcontrast
C.induction
D.examples
60、According to the author,the reason for students to go to college is _________.
A.to learn something
B.to perfect themselves
C.to improve computerskills
D.to make the best use ofcomputers
答案解析：
56-60 BCADA
篇5：英语四级阅读练习题及答案精选
阅读试题：
Questions 46-55 are based on the following passage.
Protect Your Privacy When Job-hunting Online
A)Identity theft and identity fraud are terms used to refer to all types of crime in which someone wrongfullyobtains and uses another person's personal data in some way that involves fraud or deception, typically foreconomic gain.
B)The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days. A recent GeneralAccounting Office report estimates that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year.And that number may be low, as many people choose not to report the crime even if they know they have beenvictimized:
C)Identity theft is “an absolute epidemic”, states Robert Ellis Smith, a respected author and advocate of privacy,“It's certainly picked up in the last four or five years. It's worldwide. It affects everybody, and there's very littleyou can do to prevent it and, worst of all, you can't detect it until it's probably too late.”
D)Unlike your fingerprints, which are unique to you and cannot be given to someone else for their use, yourpersonal data, especially your social security number, your bank account or credit card number, your telephonecalling card number, and other valuable identifying data, can be used, if they fall into the wrong hands, topersonally profit at your expense. In the United States and Canada, for example, many people have reportedthat unauthorized persons have taken funds out of their bank or financial accounts, or, in the worst cases, taken over their identities altogether, rtmning up vast debts and committing crimes while using the victims' names. Inmany cases, a victim's losses may include not only out-of-pocket financial losses, but substantial additionalfinancial costs associated with trying to restore his reputation in the community and correcting erroneousinformation for which the criminal is responsible.
E) According to the FBI, identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet. So how do job seekersprotect themselves while continuing to circulate their resumes online? The key to a successful online jobsearch is learning to manage the risks. Here are some tips for staying safe while conducting a job search on theInternet.
F)Check for a privacy policy. If you are considering posting your resume online, make sure the job search siteyou are considering has a privacy policy, like CareerBuilder.com. The policy should spell out how yourinformation will be used, stored and whether or not it will be shared. You may want to think twice aboutposting your resume on a site that automatically shares your information with others. You could be openingyourself up to unwanted calls from solicitors (推销员). When reviewing the site's privacy policy, you'll be ableto your resume just as easily as you posted it. You won't necessarily want your resume to remain outthere on the Internet once you land a job. Remember, the longer your resume remains posted on a job board,the more exposure, both positive and not-so-positive, it will receive.
G)Take advantages of site features. Lawful job search sites offer levels of privacy protection. Before posting yourresume, carefully consider your job search objectives and the level of risk you are willing to assume.CareerBuilder.com, for example, offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose. The first isstandard posting. This option gives job seekers who post their resumes the most visibility to the broadestemployer audience possible. The second is anonymous( 匿名的) posting. This allows job seekers the samevisibility as those in the standard posting category without any of their contact information being displayed.Job seekers who wish to remain anonymous but want to share some other information may choose whichpieces of contact information to display. The third is private posting. This option allows a job seeker to post aresume without having it searched by employers. Private posting allows job seekers to quickly and easily applyfor jobs that appear on CareerBuilder.com without retyping their information.
H)Safeguard your identity. Career experts say that one of the ways job seekers can stay safe while using theIntemet to search out jobs is to conceal their identities. Replace your name on your resume with a generic (泛指的) identifier, such as “Intranet Developer Candidate”, or “Experienced Marketing Representative”. Youshould also consider eliminating the name and location of your current employer. Depending on your title, itmay not be all that difficult to determine who you are once the name of your company is provided. Use ageneral description of the company such as “Major auto manufacturer,” or “international packaged goodssupplier.” If your job title is unique, consider using the generic equivalent instead of the exact title assigned byyour employer.
I)Establish an email address for your search. Another way to protect your privacy while seeking employmentonline is to open up an email account specifically for your online job search. This will safeguard your existingemail box in the event someone you don't know gets hold of your email address and shares it with others.Using an email address specifically for your job search also eliminates the possibility that you will receiveunwelcome emails in your primary mailbox. When naming your new email address, be sure that it doesn'tcontain references to your name or other information that will give away your identity. The best solution is anemail address that is relevant to the job you are seeking such as salesmgr@provider.com.
J)Protect your references. If your resume contains a section with the names and contact information of yourreferences, take it out. There's no sense in safeguarding your information while sharing private contactinformation of your references.
K)Keep confidential (机密的) information confidential. Do not, under any circumstances, share your social security, driver's license, and bank account numbers or other personal information, such as race or eye color.Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application. Don't provide this even if they saythey need it in order to conduct a background check. This is one of the oldest tricks in the book--don't fallfor it.
46、Those who post their resumes online for a long time will run an increased risk of becoming victims of identity theft.
47、Robert Ellis Smith says that identity theft is spreading around the world and hard to detect beforehand.
48、Victims of identity theft may suffer additional financial losses in order to restore their reputation and correct wrong infbrmation.
49、In the US,750,000 people are estimated to become victims of identity theft each year.
50、It is a safer way to find a job online when you use an email account specifically.
51、One is supposed to learn how to manage the risks if he or she is going to seek jobs online safely.
52、Standard posting allows fullest potential audience to browse through the resumes posted online.
53、Honest employers will not ask their initial job applicants to reveal their social security account, driver's license or bank account numbers.
54、Make sure that your email address will not be named in a way that could let out your personal information.
55、Job seekers are advised to describe the company they are serving right now in a general way instead of giving an exact name.
答案：
46-55 FCDBI EJKIH
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篇6：大学英语四级翻译练习题及答案
1. After she moved to this coastal city , she (很快适应了新的气候).
2. The market of our product is (以每年30%的速度增长).
3. It should be noted that (这个条款不适用于外国人).
4. (火不会蔓延到另一个房间) if he had closed the door.
5. It is totally beyond our expectations that (这个申请者拒绝了我们的邀请).
答案与解析：
1.adapted herself quickly to the new climate
适应adapt to
2.expanding at an annual rate/speed of 30% (at a rate/speed of 30% per year)
以...速度at a rate/speed of…
3.this item/clause/article doesn’t apply to/is not applicable to foreigners
条款item;适用于apply to/be applicable to
4.The fire would not have spread to another room
虚拟语气;蔓延spread
5.this candidate declined/refused our invitation
候选人candidate;拒绝邀请decline/refuse one’s invitation
篇7：大学英语四级阅读理解练习题
Feminist sociolinguists(社会语言学家),over the course of the last few decades,have conducted studies that they believe support the conclusion that women are routinely discriminated against in Endlish-speaking society.They point to the words used to describe women,as well as the words used to describe society as a whole,as indications that the English language ,and therefore the English-speaking culture,is slanted towards the advantage of males.
The words used to describe women are used as instrument by feminist sociolinguists to denote an inherent sexism in the English language.Word pairs such as master and mistress and sir and madam,they claim ,epitomize such sexism.All of the words in question once held positive connotations but,while the masculine (男性的)forms have retained their respectable associations,the feminine forms have undergone pejoration and now imply sexual promiscuity(混杂) and other negative characteristics.Feminist researchers assume that such pejoration indicate that the status of women in English-speaking society is relatively low.
These researchers also find fault with the use of masculine words to describe unisex entities .For example ,they feel that there is nothing inherently mainly about mankind, the best man for the job,or the common man.Similarly,the use of such constructions as the “the average students is worried about his grades” indicate to these researchers an inherent sexism in English that is reflective of the cultures in which they are produced .
Carolyn Jacobson ,author of Non-sexist Language has proposed a solution to this conundrum(难题).She advocates the elimination of all sexed words in favor of gender-neutral terms.No longer should we refer to actors and actresses or waiters and waitresses, as such dichotomies(男女有别) allow for the possibility of negative connotations being associated with the feminine designation.Likewise,she believes that phrases such as mankind should give way to human kind and that the use of the masculine pronoun as the default should be abandoned in favor of neutral constructions.Thus, when sexism is eliminated from the English language ,the culture will be more amenable to he deliverance of women as well .
1. The primary purpose of this passage is to_____
A compare and contrast ideology in various cultures
B prove a commonly held belief to be wrong
C describe a problem and a possible solution
D analyze the historical origins of a modern situation
2 According to the passage,gender-neutral constructions should be advocated because_____
A the elimination of sexism in the English language will precede the elimination of sexism in the culture
B they are more grammatically sound than sexed structures
C unisex terms are less awkward in casual speech
D sex-specific terms always carry negative connotations
3 The author refers to mankind ,the best man for the job,and the common man in order to_____
A demonstrate the superiority of males in English-speaking society
B provide an example of speech that is slanted towards the advantage of males
C list the characteristics of the feminist socialinguist movement
D discount the notion that the English language discriminates against women
4 The word“perjoration most probably means_____
A negative connotation
B positive connotation
C sexual characteristic
D respectable characteristic
5 In favor of gender-neutral terms,which of the following words can be used to describe unisex entities?
A mankind
B chairperson
C superman
D dragon lady
答案与解析：
1. C主旨题。文章第一、二、三段描述问题，第四段提供解决方案。
2.A推论题。文章第一段、三段最后一句分别指明了语言文化的联系。
3. B 细节理解题。题目中所举的例子为“an example of speech”。
4. A猜测词义题。根据该词的下文“ … and now imply sexual promiscuity and other negative characteristics”可以做出判断。
5.B词义判断题。该词可不分性别地使用，而其他三词都有明确的性别指向。
篇8：大学英语四级阅读预测练习题
President Clinton met with leaders of some major U.S. high-tech companies on Thursday to enlist their support in an uphill battle to secure Congress’ blessing for a landmark trade agreement with China. White House spokesman Joe Lockhart said Clinton stopped in to talk to several of the industry’s top executives while they were at the White House for talks with Chief of Staff John Podesta. “The president’s main focus of his comments to the group was the importance of, early this year, getting NTR (normal trade relations) on China worked through,” Lockhart said. Clinton discussed “the importance not only to their particular businesses, which is clearly important, but also to the American economy and to the idea that we can continue this prosperity, we can continue this economic expansion,”Lockhart said.
The industry executives who met with Clinton and Podesta included Cisco Systems (NasdaqNM:CSCO - news) CEO John Chambers; Dell Computer Corp. (NasdaqNMELL - news) CEO Michael Dell; Intel Corp. (NasdaqNM:INTC - news) Chairman Andrew Grove; Compaq Computer Corp. (NYSE:CPQ - news) CEO Mike Capella; Hewlett-Packard (NYSE:HWP - news) CEO Carly Fiornia; NCR Corp. (NYSE:NCR - news) CEO Lars Nyberg; and Silicon Graphics Inc. (NYSE:SGI - news) Chairman and CEO Robert Bishop.
The White House has said Clinton and his cabinet would launch a major campaign to convince Congress to approve permanent NTR status for China, which would clear the way for China to join the World Trade Organization.U.S. Commerce Secretary William Daley said on Wednesday it was critical that Congress vote soon on the trade agreement, warning the November election could jeopardize its chance of passage. The trade agreement, hammered out last November after years of negotiation, calls for China to slash tariffs and other barriers in a wide range of markets, from agriculture and automobiles to telecommunications. The agreement is backed by big business and free-trade Republicans, but is under fire from labor union leaders and many of their Democratic allies in Congress, who see more trade with China as a threat to U.S. jobs.
In return for China opening its markets, Congress must grant Beijing permanent NTR status and do away with its annual review process. That process has become increasingly controversial with lawmakers often speaking out against China’s human rights record and recently on allegations that China stole U.S. nuclear secrets. A White House official said the high-tech executives also discussed the “digital divide”―the growing division in the United States between those with easy access to the Internet and those without―in their talks with Podesta. “Both the administration and the CEOs said it was a very positive meeting,” he said. “Both sides pledged to work together.”
1.What does “blessing” mean in the context?
A. An act of asking or receiving God’s favor, help or protection.
B. A gift from God; something one is glad of .
C. Approval; encouragement.
D. Something not very pleasant, which however is really a good thing after all.
2.The importance of “getting normal trade relations on China worked through” is .
A. the normal trade relations with China is important to the American economy
B. the normal trade relations with China is important to the idea that the US can continue its prosperity and its economy expansion
C. the normal trade relations with China is important to the big businesses and trade
D. all of the above
3.Which of the following are the two sides that were present at the meeting?
A. Clinton, President the US-Cisco Systems; Dell computer Corp; Intel Corp; Compaq Computer Corp; Hewlett; NCR Corp; Silicon Graphics Inc.
B. Clinton and Podesta-leaders of some major U.S. high-tech companies.
C. Clinton, Podesta, Joe Lockhart-Cisco systems CEO; Dell Computer Corp CEO; Intel Corp Chairman; Compay computer Corp CEO; Hewlett-Packard CEO; NCR Corp CEO; Silicon Graphics Inc, Chairman and CEO.
D. Podesta-John Chambers; Michael Dell; Andrew Grove; Mike Capella; Carly Fiornia; Lars Nyberg; Robert Bishop.
4. The reason for labor union’s disapproval to NTR status for China is probably .
A. out of political consideration
B. for the fear that China’s low labor cost may cause more unemployment in America.
C. unreasonable and ridiculous
D. for the fear of more business conflict between America and China as partners
5.What conclusion can we draw about the meeting ,according to the passage?
A. It was a positive meeting and both sides are willing to work together on the landmark trade agreement.
B. The trade agreement is backed by big business and free-trade Republicans, but the labor union leaders and many of their Democratic allies in Congress are against it.
C. The high-tech executives discussed the “digital divide” -the growing division in the United States between those with easy access to the Internet and those without.
D. Clinton and his cabinet would launch a major campaign to convince congress to approve permanent NTR status for China.
答案与解析：
1.C
词汇题。阅读全文可知，克林顿总统召集全美几家主要的高科技公司首脑商谈的主要目的是获得他们的支持以保证十一月份与中国签署贸易协定通过国会的批准。所以blessing这个词应是批准的意思。在新闻类文章中常常使用一些非正式的语言，或者是口语、俚语、俗语甚至随意复合新词，以吸引读者，所以在阅读此类文章时要注意一些词的特殊用法，否则容易引起误解文章的意思。第一项是指祝福、祈福;第二项是赐福、恩赐，可喜之事，第四项应为a blessing in disguise，祸中得福，塞翁失马焉知非福。
2.D
细节题。恢复与中国的贸易关系对美国的经济发展具有重要的意义，特别是对大公司企业的产品出口，占领国外市场都具有特殊的意义。克林顿总统说这对于美国继续保持繁荣，经济增长的梦想是非常重要的，所以三项都应选。
3.B
细节题。此题很简单，但必须要仔细。其实有一部分试题不在于考考生的推理分析能力，而是在考查从文章中获取信息的能力以及掌握信息的速度和准确率，此题就是一个例子。考生应在这方面多作些训练，根据文章，会谈双方应选B。
4. B
推断题。由文中第三段末可知，工会对给中国贸易通常贸易伙伴关系主要是害怕造成过分的本土失业。因为中国的人力成本对国外企业是有相当吸引力的。
5.A
推断题。从文中我们可以推测，总统及内阁和高科技公司将共同努力，支持与中国恢复正常贸易伙伴关系，因为对于大的商业和贸易公司来说，这将带来更多的利润和机会。其他几项已经是既成事实，所以不必推测，不符题意，故排除。
篇9：大学英语四级阅读理解练习题
There are people in Italy who can’t stand soccer. Not all Canadians love hockey. A similar situation exists in America, where there are those individuals you may be one of them who yawn or even frown when somebody mentions baseball. 『Baseball to them means boring hours watching grown men in funny tight outfits standing around in a field staring away while very little of anything happens.』① They tell you it’s a game better suited to the 19th century, slow, quiet, gentlemanly. These are the same people you may be one of them who love football because there’s the sport that glorifies “the hit”.
By contrast, baseball seems abstract, cool, silent, still.
On TV the game is fractured into a dozen perspectives, replays, close?ups. The geometry of the game, however, is essential to understanding it. You will contemplate the game from one point as a painter does his subject; you may, of course, project yourself into the game. It is in this projection that the game affords so much space and time for involvement. The TV won’t do it for you.
Take, for example, the third baseman. You sit behind the third base dugout and you watch him watching home plate. His legs are apart, knees flexed. His arms hang loose. He does a lot of this. The skeptic still cannot think of any other sports so still, so passive. 『But watch what happens every time the pitcher throws: the third baseman goes up on his toes, flexes his arms or bring the glove to a point in front of him, takes a step right or left, backward or forward, perhaps he glances across the field to check his first baseman’s position.』② Suppose the pitch is a ball. “Nothing happened,” you say. “I could have had my eyes closed.”
The skeptic and the innocent must play the game. And this involvement in the stands is no more intellectual than listening to music is. Watch the third baseman. Smooth the dirt in front of you with one foot; smooth the pocket in your glove; watch the eyes of the batter, the speed of the bat, the sound of horsehide on wood. If football is a symphony of movement and theatre, baseball is chamber music, a spacious interlocking of notes, chores and responses.
1. The passage is mainly concerned with ______.
A. the different tastes of people for sports
B. the different characteristics of sports
C. the attraction of football
D. the attraction of baseball
2. Those who don’t like baseball may complain that ______.
A. it is only to the taste of the old
B. it involves fewer players than football
C. it is not exciting enough
D. it is pretentious and looks funny
3. The author admits that ______.
A. baseball is too peaceful for the young
B. baseball may seem boring when watched on TV
C. football is more attracting than baseball
D. baseball is more interesting than football
4. By stating “I could have had my eyes closed. ” the author means (4th paragraph last sentence):
A. The third baseman would rather sleep than play the game.
B. Even if the third baseman closed his eyes a moment ago, it could make no different to the result.
C. The third baseman is so good at baseball that he could finish the game with eyes closed all the time and do his work well.
D. The consequent was too bad he could not bear to see it.
5. We can safely conclude that the author ______.
A. likes football B. hates football
C. hates baseball D. likes baseball
词汇与短语
1. dugout n. 棒球场边供球员休息的地方
2. pitcher n. 投手
3. symphony n. 交响乐
4. chamber n. 室内
5. contemplate vt.沉思，注视
长难句解析
①【解析】此句的主干是“Baseball?means?watching?”，其中“in funny tight outfits”用来修饰“grown men”,“standing?”和“staring”用来做“grown men”的定语。 【译文】对于他们来说，棒球就是在无聊的几个小时中几个身着紧身衣的大人伫立在场地周围没事可做地东张西望。
②【解析】这是一个复合句，“goes up?”，“flexes?”“takes?”，“glances?”做“the third baseman”的并列谓语。 【译文】但每当投球手掷出球的那一瞬间，你再看吧，三垒运动员脚尖点地，屈臂或把接球手套直指前方，左右移动步伐，或前或后，或许他还要越过场地盯着一垒球手的动作。
答案与详解
【短文大意】本文主要讲述垒球的特征及欣赏。
1. D 主旨题。文章第一段简述了人们对垒球所持的偏见――认为它毫无活力、从容和缓，不像橄榄球那样(禁止)迭起、令人激动。文章的第二、三、四、五段探讨了垒球的根本特征及欣赏角度，文章的最后一句话用一个比喻概括了垒球的魅力：“如果橄榄球是一曲交响乐的话，那么，垒球中所表现出来的运动恰似一曲优美的室内乐。”可见，本文主要探讨的是垒球的特点及其欣赏。 A不对，第一段也确实提到了不同观众对不同运动形式的偏好，但这只是用以引出对垒球的特征及欣赏的讨论。
2. C 细节题。文章第一段指出：许多人不喜欢垒球，一提起垒球这些人就打哈欠甚至皱眉头。对他们来说，看垒球意味着眼巴巴地观望着身着运动装(outfit)的人呆立在球场上，东瞧瞧西望望，很少有什么(激动人心的)事发生――没意思透了。他们认为这样的运动更适合上个世纪的人的口味，不像橄榄球那样充满
活力。 A意为：“它只适合老年人的口味。”注意：原文说的是适合上个世纪的人的口味，二者意味不一样。 D意为：“它矫揉造作、滑稽可笑。”这与说它gentlemanly(具有绅士风度，矜持，即：没有冲撞或拼抢)不一样。
3. B 推断题。第三段指出，在电视上，垒球运动被切换成不同角度的画面，而且不断地使用重放、特写等电视制作技术，这破坏了该运动的整体运动感，使观众无法将自己投入(project)到运动中去，以体会到这种寓动于静的运动之美。电视做不到这一点(The TV won’t do it for you)，因此，电视上的垒球比赛看上去(seems)孤孤单单、冷冷清清、沉沉静静、慢慢腾腾。C、D不对，作者仅指出了不同运动有不同运动的特征，并未说哪种运动优于哪种。参阅文章最后一句。
4. B 推断题。第四段整个都在描述垒球场上的一个场景：拿三垒的运动员假设对方全投出好球，作好了一切准备，但是对方投出的并不是好球。所以在那时候他的准备做不做都不会影响比赛结果。他说本来可以闭上眼睛，意思就是B项所写的。A、C、D都不符合作者的意图。这道题需要完整地了解第四段内容才能作好选择。
5. D 推断题。在本文中，作者主要探讨了垒球的特征及欣赏，作者着重指出的是：只有根据垒球的特征来欣赏它，才能体会到它的魅力。在他看来，观察到垒球比赛中运动员的各种动作、垒球位之间的关系等是欣赏它的关键(第三段第二句)。只有从整体来把握它，才能看到每一个小的动作、每一个眼神乃至于“静止”的意义，也只有这样，才能全身心地投入比赛中，欣赏到它的魅力。可见，作者对垒球有很深的理解而且非常喜爱垒球。主要参考第三、四、五段。
篇10：英语四级阅读基础练习题及答案
1. sham 虚伪
2. delusion 欺骗
3. fabulous 荒诞无稽的，不存在的
4. exhilarating 令人高兴的
5. sublime 崇高的
6. slumber 睡眠
7. Hindoo 印度
8. Brahma 婆罗门(贵族)
9. come, fall, go to pieces 崩溃，垮台
10. culminate 达到顶点
11. lapse 时间的推移/消逝
12. apprehend 领悟，理解
13. instill (慢慢地)滴注，灌输
14. drench 浸泡，使湿透
15. posterity 子孙后代
16. look to 指望，注意
篇11：英语四级阅读基础练习题及答案
1. If men would steadily observe realities only, and not allow themselves to be deluded, life, to compare it with such things as we know, would be like a fairy tale and the Arabian Nights’ Entertainments.
[结构简析] 虚拟条件句，主句中to compare it with… know是插入语，也有假设之意。
[参考译文] 如果人们坚持只观察现实，不让自己被蒙蔽，那么生活，把它和我们知道的事情相比较，就象神话，象一千零一夜中描述的一切。
2. When we are unhurried and wise, we perceive that only great and worthy things have any permanent and absolute existence, --that petty fears and petty pleasure are but the shadow of reality.
[结构简析] 主句中两个that. 第一个是perceive 的宾语从句。破折号的第二个 that从句是说明，对比前一个that 句。
[参考译文] 在我们冷静和明智时，我们会感到只有伟大的和有价值的东西才能永恒绝对地存在，而那些微不足道的恐惧和欢乐仅仅是现实的阴影而已。
3. By closing the eyes and slumbering, by consenting to be deceived by shows, men establish and confirm their daily life of routine and habit everywhere, which still is built on purely illusory foundation.
[参考译文] 闭上眼睛，昏昏欲睡，允许自己被表面现象所蒙蔽，人们通过这些手段来建立和确定他们的生活日程和各种习惯。这仍然是建立在幻(觉)想基础上的东西。
4. So soul, from the circumstances in which it is placed, mistakes its own character, until the truth is revealed to it by some holy teacher, and then it knows itself to be Brahme.”
[结构简析] from the circumstances in which … ，介词短语+定从，实际上都是修饰mistake
[参考译文] 从它所处的环境中出发，灵魂把自己的身份搞错了。直到某个神圣的先生揭示的事实，那时它才知道自己是个贵族。
5. We think that that is which appears to be.
[结构简析] 第一个that 是引导think的宾语从句的连接词，第二个that 是代词，作宾从中的主语，指上述“灵魂”整个句子。
[参考译文] 我们想那就是看起来那个样子(情况似乎就是那样)。
篇12：英语四级阅读基础练习题及答案
1. A. 钦佩。本文第三句“如果我们只尊重必然的东西，尊重有权威为必然的东西，那么音乐和诗歌会重新在街上唱诵。”本文最后一句“虽然诗人或艺术从来没有如此美好和崇高的设想，但他们有些后代至少会达到这一步的。”还有难句译注1。这些都说明作者对艺术视为崇高和美好，不是被蒙蔽的东西。
B. 漠不关心。 C. 怀疑的。 D. 排斥。多不对。
2. B. 孩子们常常比成人更好地面对 各种问题。本文第七句“孩子们游戏生活(整天只知道玩儿)，却比难以很好的生活的成人们更清楚的分辨出显示生活的真正规律和种种关系。”
A. 孩子应当实践印度布道宣传的东西。 C. 几乎对其真实出身一无所知。这是讲王子的事情，不是一般孩子。 D. 难以欣赏艺术。并未提及。
3. B. 珍视目前的真正价值。这在文章倒数第五句“永恒中，确实有真实和崇高的东西存在。但是所有这一切时间，地点，机遇都是在此时此地。上帝本身在现时达到了顶峰。在今后流逝的岁月中，它绝不会更加神圣崇高。我们只有长期不断地灌输和浸润在周围现实之中，才能理解什么是崇高和神圣的东西。不论我们的步伐快还是慢，路线已为我铺定。那就让我们的生命在体会感受中度过。”作者强调现实才是人们应该抓住的。
A. 指望未来给予启迪。 C. 尊重过去的智慧。 D. 在悠闲的活动中花更多的时间。
4. D. 神学和哲学。整篇文章都传递了这两个内容，特别是哲学推理论说。
A. 历史和经济学。 B. 社会和人口。 C. 生物和物理。
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