下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题（共11篇）由网友“poipoi1212”投稿提供，下面是小编给大家带来关于下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题，一起来看看吧，希望对您有所帮助。
篇1：下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题
Tencent, Chinese Scientists Initiate Award Program to Prompt Sci-tech Development
Chinese tech giant Tencent launched an award program on Friday with the country’s leading scientists to support research and development in life sciences, advanced manufacturing and other key science and technologies fields.
The Xplorer Prize will be awarded to 50 science professionals, aged below 45, each year. Prize winners will receive 600,000 yuan (86,300 US dollars) annually for five consecutive years to support their exploration in fundamental science and cutting-edge core technologies, according to a statement from Tencent Foundation, the company’s charitable platform.
The Tencent Foundation will offer one billion yuan as the initial fund for the award, which is open to registration in next January and will announce its first batch of winners in July.
The award will focus on supporting nine fields including mathematical physics, life sciences, astronomy and geosciences, new chemical materials, information electronics, energy and environmental protection, advanced manufacturing, transportation and construction technology as well as cutting-edge and cross-disciplinary technology.
China’s top leadership has called for enhanced efforts to facilitate fundamental science and cutting-edge technologies to boost the country’s innovative competitiveness.
Cutting-edge science and technologies are crucial to lifting China’s development to a higher level, and it’s important to support young science professionals, said Rao Yi, a life sciences professor with Peking University and one of the 14 Chinese scientists who co-initiated the award.
Tencent Chairman and CEO Pony Ma said it is natural for Tencent to contribute to advances in science and technologies by complementing the country’s support for sci-tech explorations.
The Shenzhen-based firm announced a major structural reorganization in late September to highlight the role of science and technologies in the company’s growth as part of its 20th anniversary commemorations.
科技巨头腾讯与中国科学家共同发起了一项奖励计划，以促进科技发展
周五，中国科技巨头腾讯推出了一项奖励计划，由中国顶尖科学家参与，以支持生命科学、先进制造和其他关键科学技术领域的研发。
Xplorer奖每年颁发给50名年龄在45岁以下的科学专业人士。根据腾讯慈善平台腾讯基金会的一份声明，获奖者将获得每年60万元(86300美元)的奖励，连续5年，以支持他们在基础科学和前沿核心技术的探索研究。
腾讯基金会将提供10亿元人民币作为该奖项的启动资金，该奖项将于明年1月开放注册，并将于7月公布第一批获奖者。
该奖项将重点支持九个领域，包括数学物理、生命科学、天文学和地球科学、新化学材料、信息电子、能源和环境保护、先进制造、运输和建筑技术以及尖端和跨学科技术。
中国最高领导层呼吁加大力度，来促进基础科学和尖端技术的发展，以提高中国的创新竞争力。
北京大学生命科学教授、14位共同发起该奖项的中国科学家之一饶毅说，尖端科学技术对于提升中国的发展水平至关重要，对支持年轻的科学专业人士也十分重要。
腾讯董事长兼首席执行官马化腾表示，腾讯会通过响应国家对科技开发的支持，为科技进步做出贡献是理所应当的。
作为公司成立20周年纪念活动的一部分，这家总部位于深圳的公司在9月底宣布启动一项重大的结构重组计划，以突出科技在公司发展中的作用。
篇2：下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题
欧洲部分机场安装测谎仪
很快机场安检步骤新增一项。欧洲的几个机场将开始对乘客进行谎言测试。特制测谎仪将利用人工智能技术对旅客进行测试。
这些测谎仪由一个叫i-BorderControl的欧盟项目提供支持。首批仪器将投放至匈牙利、希腊和拉脱维亚的边界关卡处。这些国家的机场将在本月测试使用这批测谎仪。
来自欧盟以外国家的游客将需要接受测试。他们将看着网络摄像头并回答电脑动画移民官的问题。由计算机生成的动画将随着游客的种族和语言而进行变化。
一名欧盟发言人表示虚拟边境安保将对乘客面部进行扫描并分析他们的微表情。他们将根据这些表情检测乘客是否在撒谎。
如果测谎软件检测出安全风险，则由一名安保人员进行接管。该步骤首先会将乘客们分为两种类型。低风险游客在测谎过程中会被询问一些基本信息，而高风险乘客将会被问及更多细节问题。一名心理学专家质疑这个系统的有效性。他说：“被要求撒谎和真正的撒谎相比会非常不同，撒谎者的行为线索也会非常不同……这是心理学中大家都知道的问题。”
Several Airports in Europe Will Start Giving Lie Detector Tests to Passengers
Airports will soon add a new layer to their security procedures. Several airports in Europe will start giving lie detector tests to passengers. Special lie detector machines will use artificial intelligence to test travellers.
The lie detector machines are backed by a European Union project called i-BorderControl. The first machines will be at border checkpoints in Hungary, Greece and Latvia. Airports in these countries will carry out trials on the lie detector machines this month.
Travellers from outside the European Union will have to take the test. They will look into a webcam and answer questions from a computer-animated immigration official. The computer-generated animation will change to match the race and language of the traveller.
A European Union spokesperson said the virtual border guard will scan passengers’ faces and analyze their micro-expressions. They will use these expressions to find out if the passenger might be lying.
A human security guard will take over if the lie-detecting software detects a security risk. The procedure will initially divide passengers into two types. Low-risk travellers will be asked basic information in the lie-detection process, while higher-risk passengers will get more detailed questions. A psychology expert doubted if the system would work. He said: “If you ask people to lie, they will do it differently and show very different behavioural cues than if they truly lie.... This is a known problem in psychology. ”
篇3：下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题
North American Dealmaking Leaves M&A at Record High
North American companies unleashed a dealmaking spree totalling more than $50bn on Monday, as executives ignored a pending trade war and uncertainty around US midterm elections to swallow European rivals in a series of industry-changing mergers.
Boardroom confidence, cheap debt and record stock prices have spurred a wave of activity that left global dealmaking at a record high of $3.2tn in . Companies are racing to remake themselves by snatching trophy assets or consolidating with rivals before the business cycle turns. 、
Deals lined up on Monday ranged from the glitz of the catwalks in Milan – as Michael Kors readied a multibillion dollar takeover offer for storied Milanese fashion house Versace – down to the grit of the mining world, with Canada’s Barrick Gold agreeing a $6bn all-stock purchase of Randgold Resources.
But the biggest prize was in media, as Comcast trounced 21st Century Fox and Walt Disney in a weekend auction for Sky with a 30.6bn bid, while in the radio sector SiriusXM secured a $3.5bn deal for digital music provider Pandora Media.
Global mergers and acquisitions have totalled $3.24tn so far this year, 40 per cent higher than the same time a year ago and ahead of the record pace set in , according to data from Thomson Reuters. Megadeals of more than $5bn in value accounted for 44 per cent of transactions this year.
A rally in global stock indices has assuaged concerns that the intensifying trade dispute between the US and China would dent economic activity, and in turn dealmaking. The S&P 500 has climbed 16.5 per cent over the past 12 months, while the Dow Jones Industrial Index rose by 19 per cent, and both sat near record territory on Monday.
北美引领全球并购交易创新高
北美公司周一发起总计逾500亿美元的交易狂潮，公司高管们忽视了悬而未决的贸易战以及围绕美国中期选举的不确定性，在一系列改变行业格局的合并中吞并欧洲竞争对手。
董事会信心、低成本债务以及创纪录高位的股价刺激了一波活动，促使全球并购交易额创下3.2万亿美元的历史最高纪录。企业竞相赶在商业周期转向之前买下炫耀性资产或者与竞争对手整合，以求重塑自我。
周一的交易活动既包括华丽耀眼的米兰时装秀，迈克·科尔斯为传奇色彩的米兰时装公司范哲思准备了数十亿美元的收购要约;又彰显出采矿业的勇气，加拿大的巴里克黄金同意以60亿美元全股票方式收购兰德黄金资源公司。
但最大的奖项是在媒体行业——康卡斯特在英国天空广播公司的周末拍卖中，以306亿英镑的出价击败21世纪福克斯和华特迪士尼，而在无线电广播领域，SiriusXM以35亿美元收购了数字音乐提供商Pandora Media。
汤森路透的数据显示，全球并购交易今年迄今总计达到3.24万亿美元，比去年同期增长40%，超过创下的历史最高水平。价值超过50亿美元的巨额交易占到今年交易的44%。
之前人们担忧，中美之间日益激烈的贸易争端将会削弱经济活动，进而影响交易，但全球股指上涨缓解了这种担忧。标普500指数在过去12个月里上涨了16.5%，而道琼斯工业平均指数上涨了19%，两大指数周一均逼近历史高点。
篇4：下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题
Reverse Pinocchio – Researchers Find that Your Nose Shrinks When You Lie
Pinocchio may be just a children’s fairy tale, but Spanish scientists at the University of Granada recently investigated the so-called ‘Pinocchio effect’ and found that our noses don’t grow when we tell a lie, but actually shrink a bit.
Dr Emilio Gómez Milán and his team developed a lie detector test that used thermography to tell if people were lying, and found that whenever participants in their research were being untruthful, the temperature of the tip of their nose dropped up to 1.2 degrees Celsius, while the temperature of their forehead increased up to 1.5?C. Scientist also found that drop in temperature at nose level actually caused it to slightly shrink, although the difference is undetected by the human eye.
“One has to think in order to lie, which rises the temperature of the forehead,” Dr. Gómez Milán explained the findings. “At the same time we feel anxious, which lowers the temperature of the nose.”
For this study, researchers asked a number of 60 students to perform various tasks while being scanned by thermal imaging technology. One of these tasks involved calling a 3 to 4 minutes call to their parents, partner or a friend and telling a significant lie. Participants had to devise the lie themselves during the call, and the thermal cameras picked up this ‘reverse Pinocchio effect’ caused by the fluctuation in temperature in the nose and forehead.
Interestingly, the thermal lie detector picked up the temperature difference in 80 percent of test subjects, which is a better rate of success than that of any modern lie detector.
“With this method we have achieved to increase accuracy and reduce the occurrence of “false positives”, something that is frequent with other methods such as the polygraph,” said Dr. Emilio Gómez Milán, who added that law enforcement interviewers could one day combine other lie detection technology with thermal imaging to achieve better results.
The thermal lie detector has been dubbed the most reliable in the world, 10% more so than the popular polygraph.
匹诺曹一说谎鼻子就变长?真相却是这样的
《匹诺曹》也许只是一个讲给孩子听的童话，不过，西班牙格拉纳达大学的科学家最近确实研究了所谓的“匹诺曹效应”，结果发现，我们在说谎时鼻子不会变大，而是会缩小一点。
埃米利奥·戈麦斯·米兰博士和他的团队研发出一种测谎试验，用热成像仪来判断人们是否在说谎，结果发现只要参与者一说谎，鼻尖的温度就会下降多达1.2摄氏度，而前额温度会上升多达1.5摄氏度。科学家还发现，鼻尖温度的下降会导致鼻尖略微缩小，不过这种差别是人的肉眼所无法察觉到的。
戈麦斯·米兰博士在解释研究结果时说：“一个人在说谎前要先想一想，这会导致前额温度升高。与此同时我们又感到焦虑，这会降低鼻尖的温度。”
在研究中，研究人员请60个学生在接受热成像技术扫描期间执行了多项任务。其中一项任务就是给父母、伴侣或朋友打3-4分钟电话，说一个大谎。参与者在打电话过程中要自己编谎话。于是研究人员就通过热成像摄影机捕捉到了鼻子和前额温度波动引发的“反匹诺曹效应”。
有趣的是，热成像测谎仪捕捉住了80%的测试对象的温度差异，成功率比任何一种现代测谎仪都高。
埃米利奥·戈麦斯·米兰博士说：“用这种方法我们提高了测谎准确率，降低了误报的发生率，而用测谎器等方法经常会出现误报。”他还说，执法部门负责审讯的官员有一天将能把热成像技术和其他测谎技术结合起来以达到更准确的结果。
热成像测谎仪被称为世界上最可靠的测谎设备，比普遍使用的测谎器准确率要高出10%。
篇5：下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题整合
美国的百万富翁都住在哪里?
About 5.8 percent of the population – 7.2 million households – qualify as millionaires, meaning that they have at least $1 million laying around, excluding their real estate holdings, retirement plans and business partnerships.
Kiplinger, publisher of business forecasts and personal finance advice, partnered with Phoenix Marketing International to figure out how many millionaires live in 933 urban areas with populations of at least 50,000 residents.
The Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk area of Connecticut takes the top spot. About 9 percent of its residents – 31,506 of the people who live there – can call themselves millionaires.
Not only is this part of Connecticut close to New York City, but the enclave is also home to a number of hedge funds and prominent companies, including Priceline’s parent company, and the Xerox Corporation. These attributes are enough to give this tony Connecticut locality an edge over Silicon Valley.
The California regions of San Jose, Sunnyvale and Santa Clara, which includes Silicon Valley, comes in second with 61,264 millionaire households – 9 percent of all households. The area is home to some of the biggest tech companies in the world, and Google, Apple and Facebook are nearby.
The nation’s capital slides into the third spot. Washington, D.C., and its suburbs draw highly educated Americans looking for influential jobs. The 206,361 millionaire households in the region account for 8.9 percent of D.C.’s 2.3 million households.
篇6：下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题整合
Robo-Advisers: Does Not Compute
The growth of firms selling computer generated financial advice is slowing
Given the many mistakes that human investors are prone to – selling after a market tumble, trading too often, believing they can beat the stockmarket – dealing with money is perhaps best left to computers. That is the premise behind a host of firms selling computer-generated financial advice, which assist savers tired of paying for pricey human counsel. The low cost of these “robo-advisers” had helped them grow rapidly, to the horror of conventional money-managers. But growth in assets under management (AUM) at the biggest outfits has sagged recently, and with it the upstarts’ prospects.
It used to be only those with hundreds of thousands of dollars to invest, if not millions, who could afford advice about where to put their money. Humans charge 1-3% of their clients’ portfolios every year, simply to rebalance among asset classes every so often and do clever things to minimise taxes. Robo-advisers, led by Wealthfront, a Californian outfit, and Betterment, based in New York, do much the same, but for a mere 0.25% or so a year.
Largely because they squash fees, robo-services do a good job for anyone bar the very rich with complex financial arrangements. A basic questionnaire – age, salary, investment aims and the like – helps establish risk appetite. Money is then allocated to low-cost funds provided by third parties. For those who believe, correctly, that fees and human error are the main pitfalls of investing, the approach is hard to beat.
Other features include snazzy smartphone apps (customers tend to be on the younger side), transparent pricing and low or no minimum investment. Wealthfront describes itself as the Charles Schwab of the millennial generation, widening access to investing by cutting costs, just as the discount stockbroker has done for baby-boomers since the 1970s.
But being very cheap means Betterment and Wealthfront need lots of assets to turn a profit. Their AUM of roughly $2.9 billion each, accumulated largely in the past two years, delivers revenues of $7m or so a year. That is not enough to sustain around 100 staff each as well as hefty marketing budgets. Total costs are likely to be $40m-50m a year, according to one fintech grandee (neither firm discloses the data).
Scale is vital, as every new client brings fresh revenue at little extra cost. AUM in the tens of billions of dollars, if not hundreds, will be needed to break even. The two firms’ venture-capital backers, which have poured over $100m into each, expect initial losses. But even they will hope for profits in years, not decades.
Last year the two firms’ AUM grew by over 10% a month, so doubling every seven months. Growth has since fallen to less than 5%. Wealthfront used to trumpet its AUM, but now reveals it only in regulatory filings. In August it was $2.6 billion; assuming it is now $2.9 billion (it says only that it is less than $3 billion), it will take a year and a half to double at its recent rate of growth. Betterment is faring only slightly better.
Adam Nash, Wealthfront’s boss, says AUM is a misleading measure, as it is affected by asset-price swings, such as the stockmarket slide of the late summer (largely reversed since). It might be that volatility has spooked potential investors. Both firms say customers are joining in big numbers, and that AUM will grow with their savings.
Competition from incumbent wealth managers will have hurt the robotic duo. Vanguard (which puts together many of the funds Betterment and Wealthfront recommend to clients) and Schwab have both recently launched robo-advisory services. These have grown quickly – Schwab’s now has $4.1 billion in AUM – if only by poaching existing customers. Robo-purists decry potential conflicts of interest.
In dollar terms, both Betterment and Wealthfront are still attracting over $100m a month – it is the second $100m that is proving elusive. Yet fintech firms usually count on their custom growing at exponential, not arithmetic, rates. If AUM growth does not pick up, both firms will have to raise prices, expand their offerings or put themselves up for sale. In August BlackRock, a giant asset manager, bought FutureAdvisor, a smaller robo-rival. That robots of the sort devised by Betterment and Wealthfront will direct an ever-larger chunk of investors’ cash seems inevitable. Whether such products can be sold profitably by startups remains in doubt.
机器人顾问：“算”不起来
一些公司销售计算机生成的理财建议，它们的增长正在减缓
考虑到人类投资者容易犯许多错误，比如在市场暴跌后卖出、交易太过频繁、相信自己能跑赢股市等等，把钱的事留给计算机处理可能是最好的选择。由此出现了一批公司，它们销售计算机生成的理财建议，为厌倦了付高价给人类顾问的理财客户提供帮助。由于“机器人顾问”成本低廉，这类公司发展迅速，让传统的财富管理公司惊恐不已。但是，最大型机构的资产管理规模增速近来已经下降，后起之秀的前景也随之黯淡。
在过去，即便不是百万富翁，也得是手头有几十万美元的人才能请得起理财顾问。人类顾问每年收取相当于客户资产组合1%至3%的费用，所做的只是偶尔重新配置各资产类别、用聪明的法子交最少的税。以加州机构Wealthfront和总部位于纽约的公司Betterment为首的机器人顾问公司所做的事大致相同，但每年只收取总资产0.25% 左右的费用。
机器人服务主要因为压低了管理费，所以对于任何人来说都算干得不错，除了那些需要复杂财务安排的巨富们。一份基本的问卷包括年龄、收入、投资目标等问题，就可以帮助确定客户的风险偏好，然后把资金配置到第三方提供的低成本基金上。有些人相信费用和人为错误是投资的主要隐患，这是正确的，对于他们来说，其他方式很难与机器人顾问匹敌。
其他的特色包括新潮的智能手机应用(客户倾向于年轻化)、定价透明，以及起投门槛很低或者完全没有。Wealthfront形容自己是千禧一代的嘉信理财(Charles Schwab)，通过削减成本降低投资门槛，正如20世纪70年代折扣经纪人为婴儿潮一代所做的一样。
但是，收费很低意味着Betterment和Wealthfront需要管理大量资产才能盈利。这两家公司的资产管理规模各为约29亿美元，大部分是过去两年中积累的，一年产生700万美元左右的收入。这不足以负担每家公司约100名员工的人力成本，还有高昂的营销预算。据一位金融技术达人说，总成本可能达一年四千万到五千万美元(两家公司均未公布数据)。
规模至关重要，因为每一位新客户会带来新收入，而产生的额外成本极低。若要收支平衡，即便不要数千亿美元，也需要数百亿美元的资产管理规模。这两家公司的风险投资人已向每家投入超过1亿美元，并做好了初期会亏损的准备。但即便如此，他们也希望在几年内就能盈利，而不是几十年。
去年这两家公司的资产管理规模每月增长超过10%，每7个月翻一番。之后增长率降至5%以下。Wealthfront以前常大肆宣扬自己的资产管理规模，但现在只在给监管部门的备案中才会透露。8月其资产管理规模为26亿美元;假设现在是29亿美元(公司只说不到30亿美元)，按照最近的增长速度，翻番需要一年半的时间。Betterment的发展也只是稍好一点。
Wealthfront的老板亚当·纳什(Adam Nash)称资产管理规模是一个有误导性的指标，因为它受到资产价格波动的影响，比如夏末的股市下跌(之后已基本反弹)。可能是波动性吓坏了潜在的投资者。两家公司都说现在有大量新客户加入，而资产管理规模将随着他们的积蓄增加而扩大。
来自传统财富管理公司的竞争将伤害到这两家机器人公司。领航集团(Vanguard)(集合了Betterment和Wealthfront推荐给客户的多支基金)和嘉信最近都推出了机器人咨询服务。仅仅通过迁徙现有客户，它们的业务已在迅猛增长：嘉信目前的资产管理规模为41亿美元。机器人纯化论者强烈反对潜在的利益冲突。
以美元计，Betterment和Wealthfront每月仍在吸引超过1亿美元，但第二个1亿美元才是困难所在。然而，金融技术公司通常都指望它们的客户以指数级而非算术级增长。如果资产管理规模的增速不回升，两家公司都将不得不提高价格、拓宽产品服务或寻求买家。8月，资产管理巨头贝莱德集团(BlackRock)收购了一家较小的机器人对手FutureAdvisor。看来可以肯定的是，由Betterment和Wealthfront发明的这些机器人顾问将管理投资者资金中越来越大的一块。但创业公司能否在这类产品上盈利则仍旧存疑。
篇7：下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题整合
美墨达成新贸易协定
U.S. President Donald Trump says the United States and Mexico have reached a trade agreement, leaving Canada as the odd man out in efforts to revise or replace the North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA).
Speaking Monday from the White House, Trump said the new deal will be called the United States-Mexico Trade Agreement.
Trump spoke to reporters as he spoke on the telephone to Mexican President Enrique Pena Nieto. Trump called it a big day for trade and a big day for the country. Trump said: “This is something that is very special for our manufacturers and for our farmers, from both countries, for all of the people that work for jobs. It is also great trade, and it makes it a much more fair bill, and we are very, very excited about it. We have worked long and hard, your representatives have been terrific, my representatives have been fantastic too. They have gotten along very well, and they have worked late into the night for months. It is an extremely complex bill, and it is something that I think will be talked about for many years to come.”
The Mexican leader expressed hope to “renew, modernize and update” NAFTA while Trump’s rhetoric indicated he sees that 24-year-old three-nation deal as dead.
Canada, an original member of NAFTA, is not part of this deal. Trump said the United States would start negotiating with Canada very shortly.
Trump said under the deal, Mexico has agreed to immediately begin purchasing as many U.S. agricultural products as possible. The White House is also expected to formally notify Congress by the end of this week of its intention to sign a new trade agreement within 90 days.
美墨达成新贸易协定
美国总统特朗普说，美国和墨西哥已经达成了一项贸易协定，这使加拿大在修订或取代《北美自由贸易协定》(NAFTA)的努力中成了局外人。
特朗普周一在白宫发表讲话说，这项新协议将被称为《美墨贸易协定》。
特朗普在与墨西哥总统奥夫拉多尔通电话时对记者发表了讲话。特朗普称这对贸易和对国家来说都大日子。特朗普总统说：“这对我们两国的制造商和农民以及所有为之工作的人来来说都是非常特别的。这也是一项伟大的贸易，它成为一个更公平的议案，我们非常非常兴奋。我们工作了很长时间，也很努力，你们的代表人员棒极了，我的代表人员也棒极了。他们相处得很好，几个月来一直工作到深夜。这是一项极其复杂的议案，我认为在未来许多年里人们都会谈论它。”
墨西哥总统表示希望“延长、现代化和更新”《北美自由贸易协定》，而特朗普的言辞表明，他认为这项有24年历史的三国协议已经死了。
作为《北美自由贸易协定》的原始成员国，加拿大未参与这项新协议。特朗普说，美国将很快与加拿大开始谈判。
特朗普说，根据这项协议，墨西哥同意立即开始购买尽可能多的美国农产品。预计白宫还将在本周末正式通知国会行政当局计划在90天内签署一项新的贸易协定。
篇8：下半年翻译考试二级笔译模拟题整合
达芬奇珍品以创纪录价格拍卖成交
A 500-year-old masterpiece by Leonardo da Vinci that once sold for a mere $60 smashed the world’s record for an art auction Wednesday.
有5历史、曾经仅以60美元成交的一幅达芬奇画作星期三在一个艺术品拍卖会上以创世界纪录的高价售出。
“Salvator Mundi,” which depicts Christ raising his hand in a blessing, sold for $450 million at Christie’s Auction House in New York.考生如果怕自己错过考试成绩查询的话，可以 免费预约短信提醒，届时会以短信的方式提醒大家报名和考试时间。
在纽约佳士得拍卖公司的拍卖会上，耶稣举手祝福的《救世主》达芬奇画作以4亿5千万美元的价格成交。
The buyer who was not identified, made his bid by telephone, sending the audience into a frenzy as the price climbed higher and higher.
买家通过电话参加拍卖会，没有透露身份。一路升高的叫价令参加拍卖会的人瞠目结舌。
The seller is Russian billionaire Dmitry Rybolovlev.
卖家是俄罗斯亿万富翁雷博诺夫列夫。
Only about 20 da Vinci works are known to exist and “Salvator Mundi” is the only one in private hands. The others are in museums or part of large public collections.
据信全世界只有大约20幅达芬奇的真迹作品。《救世主》是唯一在私人手中的达芬奇作品，其它作品都在博物馆或公共机构收藏。
Art experts believe da Vinci painted “Salvator Mundi” in about 1500. It was once owned by England’s King Charles I. It disappeared, resurfaced, and, at one time, was bought for just $60 by a collector who mistook it for a copy.
艺术专家认为，达芬奇大约在1500年创作了这幅《救世主》。这幅画曾被英国国王查理一世收藏，一度隐没，后来重新出现。一位收藏者曾认为它是赝品，以60美元的价格收购。
It took more than 50 years for art experts to restore it and authenticate it as a genuine da Vinci, although others still doubt it is the real thing.
艺术专家用了50多年的时间修复这幅画，并认定它是达芬奇的真迹。不过，仍有人怀疑它不是真品。
Until Wednesday, the highest price paid for a painting at auction was $179 million for Pablo Picasso’s “The Women of Algiers” in .
星期三的拍卖会之前，画作的最高拍卖价是毕加索的《阿尔及尔女人》，以1亿7900万美元拍卖成交。
篇9：下半年翻译资格考试二级笔译模拟题
Schumpeter: Team Spirit
Businesses are embracing the idea of working in teams. Managing them is hard
Teams have become the basic building-blocks of organisations. Recruitment ads routinely call for “team players”. Business schools grade their students in part on their performance in group projects. Office managers knock down walls to encourage team-building. Teams are as old as civilisation, of course: even Jesus had 12 co-workers. But a new report by Deloitte, “Global Human Capital Trends”, based on a survey of more than 7,000 executives in over 130 countries, suggests that the fashion for teamwork has reached a new high. Almost half of those surveyed said their companies were either in the middle of restructuring or about to embark on it; and for the most part, restructuring meant putting more emphasis on teams.
Companies are abandoning functional silos and organising employees into cross-disciplinary teams that focus on particular products, problems or customers. These teams are gaining more power to run their own affairs. They are also spending more time working with each other rather than reporting upwards. Deloitte argues that a new organisational form is on the rise: a network of teams is replacing the conventional hierarchy.
The fashion for teams is driven by a sense that the old way of organising people is too rigid for both the modern marketplace and the expectations of employees. Technological innovation puts a premium on agility. John Chambers, chairman of Cisco, an electronics firm, says that “we compete against market transitions, not competitors. Product transitions used to take five or seven years; now they take one or two.” Digital technology also makes it easier for people to co-ordinate their activities without resorting to hierarchy. The “millennials” who will soon make up half the workforce in rich countries were reared from nursery school onwards to work in groups.
The fashion for teams is also spreading from the usual corporate suspects (such as GE and IBM) to some more unusual ones. The Cleveland Clinic, a hospital operator, has reorganised its medical staff into teams to focus on particular treatment areas; consultants, nurses and others collaborate closely instead of being separated by speciality and rank. The US Army has gone the same way. In his book, “Team of Teams”, General Stanley McChrystal describes how the army’s hierarchical structure hindered its operations during the early stages of the Iraq war. His solution was to learn something from the insurgents it was fighting: decentralise authority to self-organising teams.
A good rule of thumb is that as soon as generals and hospital administrators jump on a management bandwagon, it is time to ask questions. Leigh Thompson of Kellogg School of Management in Illinois warns that, “Teams are not always the answer – teams may provide insight, creativity and knowledge in a way that a person working independently cannot; but teamwork may also lead to confusion, delay and poor decision-making.” The late Richard Hackman of Harvard University once argued, “I have no question that when you have a team, the possibility exists that it will generate magic, producing something extraordinary… But don’t count on it.”
Hackman (who died in ) noted that teams are hampered by problems of co-ordination and motivation that chip away at the benefits of collaboration. High-flyers forced to work in teams may be undervalued and free-riders empowered. Groupthink may be unavoidable. In a study of 120 teams of senior executives, he discovered that less than 10% of their supposed members agreed on who exactly was on the team. If it is hard enough to define a team’s membership, agreeing on its purpose is harder still.
Profound changes in the workforce are making teams trickier to manage. Teams work best if their members have a strong common culture. This is hard to achieve when, as is now the case in many big firms, a large proportion of staff are temporary contractors. Teamwork improves with time: America’s National Transportation Safety Board found that 73% of the incidents in its civil-aviation database occurred on a crew’s first day of flying together. However, as Amy Edmondson of Harvard points out, organisations increasingly use “team” as a verb rather than a noun: they form teams for specific purposes and then quickly disband them.
熊彼特：团队精神(节选)
各公司都信奉以团队形式工作的理念。管理团队实属不易
团队是建立组织的基石。招聘广告通常都招募“具有团队精神的人”。商学院给学生的评分部分取决于他们在团队项目中的表现。办公室经理拆除隔墙，鼓励团队合作。当然，团队的历史同文明一样悠久：就连耶稣也有十二门徒。然而德勤一份名为《全球人力资本趋势》的新报告调查了130多个国家中的七千多名管理者，结果表明团队合作的风潮已经到达了一个新高度。几乎一半被访者称他们的公司不是正在重组就是打算重组;而大多数情况下，重组意味着更注重团队。
各公司正在摒弃功能性“竖井”，转而组织员工构建专注于特定产品、问题或客户的跨职能团队。这些团队正获得越来越大的权力处理自身事务。它们也在花费更多时间彼此合作而不是向上级汇报。德勤认为一种新的组织形式正在兴起：团队网络正在取代传统的等级制度。
旧的组织形式给人的感觉是无论对于现代市场还是员工的期待来说都太过死板，正是这种感觉推动了团队工作的风潮。科技创新重视敏捷性。电子公司思科的主席约翰·钱伯斯说，“我们是在和市场转型竞争，而不是与对手竞争。产品转型以往需要五到七年;现在只需要一两年。”数字技术也让人们更容易协调活动，无需求助于等级制度。很快将占到富裕国家一半劳动力的“千禧一代”从托儿所起就以分组工作被培养长大。
团队的风潮也从一般的典型企业(如GE和IBM)蔓延至一些更特殊的公司。医院运营商克利夫兰诊所已经按照具体的治疗领域，重新将其医疗员工编制成团队;顾问、护士和其他人紧密协作，而不是按专长和职位高低分开。美国陆军也采用了同样的方式。在《团队中的团队》一书中，作者斯坦利·麦克里斯特尔将军描述了军队的等级制度在伊拉克战争初期如何阻碍了美军的行动。他的解决方法是向与之对抗的叛乱分子学习：将权力下放到自组织的团队。
一条好的经验法则是，一旦将军们和医院管理者加入管理的风潮，就该是发问的时候了。伊利诺伊州凯洛格商学院的利·汤普森警告说，“团队不能解决所有问题——团队或许可以提供一个人独立工作时无法提供的洞见、创造力和知识，但是团队工作也可能导致混乱、延误、决策不佳。”哈佛已故的理查德·哈克曼曾经表示，“我完全相信，如果你有个团队，它或许能创造奇迹，做出非同寻常的成就……但是别指望这个团队。”
哈克曼(去世)指出团队受到协调和推动力等问题的牵制，损害了协同合作的优势。被迫在团队里工作的成功人士可能被低估，而搭顺风车的人却被赋予权力。趋同思维或许无法避免。在对120个高级管理人员团队的研究中，他发现理应属于同一团队的队员中，只有不到10%的人对于谁真正属于这个团队没有异议。如果确定一个团队的成员如此困难，达成团队目标则只会更难。
劳动力的深刻变化让团队更难管理。当成员有强大的共同文化时，团队表现得最好。不过这一点很难达到，因为现在很多大公司里，很大一部分员工是临时合同工。假以时日，团队合作会有所改善：美国国家运输安全委员会发现，它的民航数据库中有73%的事故发生在机组一起飞行的首日。不过，正如哈佛的艾米·埃德蒙森指出的，各组织越来越多地将“团队”用作动词而非名词：它们为了特殊的目的组建团队，然后又很快解散团队。
篇10：下半年翻译资格考试二级笔译模拟题
美国将对非洲投资10亿美元
美国政府开启了一个名为“连接非洲”的项目，这个项目将投资10亿多美元，来改善整个非洲大陆的交通、运输和产业链。
这个项目将由政府旗下的海外私人投资公司(OPIC)负责。在未来三年，海外私人投资公司将为赞比亚、卢旺达、南非、肯尼亚、乌干达这些国家的项目提供资金。
本月早些时候，OPIC承诺将为一个电信通讯公司融资一亿美元，该公司将升级并扩大乌干达、冈比亚、塞拉利昂和刚果的电讯网络。
在乌干达，OPIC将为项目投资5800万美元，其中包括一个水电站。
美国10亿美元的资金相较于中国承诺的对非洲600亿美元的融资要少得多。
美国将对非洲投资10亿美元
The U.S. government has launched Connect Africa, a program that will invest more than $1 billion in projects to improve transportation, communications, and value chains across the continent.
The U.S. government will carry out the initiative through its development finance branch, the Overseas Private Investment Corporation. Over the next three years, OPIC plans to finance projects with companies in Zambia, Rwanda, South Africa, Kenya and Uganda.
Early this month, OPIC committed $100 million in financing to a cellular communications company that will upgrade and expand telecommunication networks in Uganda, Gambia, Sierra Leone and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
In Uganda, OPIC will invest $58 million in projects that include a hydro power plant.
The $1 billion in financing is small compared to $60 billion that China has promised to invest in Africa.
篇11：下半年翻译资格考试二级笔译模拟题
推特有效用户下降 股价下跌19%
社交媒体公司推特报告其有效用户数量减少后，公司股票价格星期五直落将近20%。
推特公司说，2018年第二季度的单月有效用户是3亿3500万，比第一季度减少了100万，并低于华尔街预期的3亿3900万。
推特说，单月有效用户的数量下一季度可能还会继续减少，公司在继续关闭违反服务协议的账号，以及降低某些账号的突出地位。
推特公司说，这个社交平台的稳定比用户增加更重要。不过，这使得投资者更难评估公司的价值，因为他们的主要标准是这个社交平台潜在的用户数量。
推特股票星期五以34.12美元收盘。推特报告了高于预期的营收，但股票仍然下跌。推特上一季度的利润为1亿美元。这是推特连续三个季度盈利。
推特有效用户下降 股价下跌19%
Shares in Twitter dropped close to 20 percent Friday after the social media giant reported a fall in active users.
Twitter said it had 335 million monthly users in the second quarter of the year, which was down a million from the amount of monthly users in the first quarter of the year, and below the 339 million users Wall Street was expecting.
Twitter said that the number of monthly users could continue to fall next quarter as it continues to ban accounts that violate its terms of service and makes other accounts less visible.
The company says it is putting the long-term stability of its platform above user growth. However, the move has made it more difficult for investors to value the company as they rely on data of the platform’s potential user reach.
Shares in Twitter closed at $34.12 Friday. The fall in share prices came despite Twitter reporting higher than expected revenue. During the last quarter, Twitter posted a profit of $100 million, marking the company’s third consecutive quarter in profits.
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