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篇1：上海高考英语试题真题word版
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
上海英语试卷
考生注意：
1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第Ⅰ卷(第1-12页)和第Ⅱ卷(第13页)，全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(填空题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
第Ⅰ卷(共103分)
Ⅰ.Listening Comprehension
Section A
Directions: In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on you paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A.Impatient B.Confused C.Pleased D.Regretful
2.At a bus stop B.At a laundry C.At the dentist’s D.At the chemist’s
3.An actor B.A salesman C.A translator D.A writer
4.A .He lost his classmate’s homework. B.He can’t help the woman with her math.
C.He broke the woman’s calculator. D.He doesn’t know where the “on” button is.
5.A.The woman should go to another couner.
B.The woman gives the man so many choices.
C.The man dislike the sandwiches offered there.
D.The man is having trouble deciding what to eat.
6.A.She has no idea where to find the man’s exam result.
B.She isn’t allowed to tell students their grades.
C.Dr.White hasn’t finished grading the papers.
D.Dr.White doesn’t want to be contacted while he’s away.
7.A .Move to a next dormitory B.Find a person to share their apartment.
C.Clean the room with roommate D.Write an article about their roommate.
8.A.Bob won’t take her advice.
B.Bob doesn’t want to go abroad.
C.She doesn’t think Bob should study overseas.
D.She hasn’t talked to Bob since he went abroad.
9.A.The snack bar isn’t usually so empty.
B.Dessert is served in the snack bar.
C.The snack bar is near the library.
D.Snacks aren’t sllowed in th library.
10.A.Take her bicycle to the repair shop.
B.Leave her bicycle outside.
C.Clean the garage after the rain stops.
D.Check if the garage is dry.
Section B
Directions: In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.
Question 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11.A.It helps care for custermer’s dogs. B.You have to buy food for dogs.
C.None of the dogs are caged D.There is a dog named Princess
12.A.She likes the food there. B.She enjoys the fun with a pet.
C.She can have free coffee. D.She doesn’t like to be alone.
13.A.A new kind of care. B.A new brand of coffee.
C.A new home for pets. D.A new way to raise pets.
试题完整版请下载word版：20上海高考英语试题真题【word版】
篇2：湖南高考英语试题（真题）
Section A (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage.
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
While there is no widely accepted definition of MOOCs, their key features are open access：they are currently free to participants, no entry qualifications are required, they support an unlimited number of participants and as yet, very few include any form of accreditation (认证).
Currently offered by some famous universities, MOOCs are attractive to people who do not have the financial resources to meet the growing costs of university education, or who do not have formal qualifications. They also allow participants to study at their own pace.
The potential for MOOCs to deliver education is obviously vast―they could be considered as a huge step forwards in widening participation. They also have the potential to provide a unique window on universities that offer popular and valuable courses, they may attract some participants to register for formal fee-paying programmes at the same or other universities and are likely to promote new ways of on-line education.
However, it is still very early days for MOOCs. The quality of the education provision is highly variable, with many courses offering only recordings of lectures, and delivery is particularly difficult in some special fields that require practical classes, research projects or extensive library access. Besides, wider engagement with participants requires very considerable resource. Even limited feedback or examination becomes a major task if there are several thousand students in the class.
Considering the challenges, some people argue MOOCs will soon evaporate (蒸发). But they certainly provide good opportunity for widening higher education, are a means of raising awareness of universities to audiences of tens or hundreds of thousands, and are well worthy of serious consideration. (271 words)
● free participation at present
● 72. _________ for entry qualifications
● support of countless participants
● rare inclusion of accreditation ● being attractive to people
who 73. _________ university education or
who have 74. _________
● being flexible in the study pace ● widening participation significantly
● 76. _________ a unique window on universities
● attracting students to register for formal progarmmes
● promoting on-line education Key features Attractions 75. _________ 77. _________ ● highly variable quality of the education provision
● 78. _________ of some special courses
● demand for very considerable resourceThe future● uncertainty
possibly 79._________
● certainty
widening higher education
raising awareness of universities
being well worth 80. _________ seriously Title：
71. _____ Section B (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
“Let’s Talk”：The Free Advice Project
A few weeks ago, I took a walk around Washington Square Park. I met all the usual people：street performers, the Pigeon Guy, a group of guitarists singing in harmony. But off to the side, sitting on a bench was a woman doing something vastly different―giving free advice.
A week or two later, I set up an interview with her and we discussed her project at length.
Lisa Podell, 32, started the Free Advice Project this past May. It began as an experiment;she sat in Washington Square Park for a day with a sign that read “Free Advice” as a simple way to reach out to people. Podell was astonished at the strong response.
Podell admits that she was doubtful at first, but now she describes the project as mutually (相互地) beneficial. People learn from her―but she also learns from them. She says that the majority of those who come to her are dealing with some pretty heavy issues, and they expect her not only to listen, but also provide real answers.
Having worked as a full time teacher and now as an adolescent advisor, Podell believes that talking things out is an important in the decision-making process.
Sometimes, people walk around all day, keeping their problems in their own head and thinking about them in the same way. Podell simply strives to provide people with perspective.
I asked if there is a future plan for the Free Advice Project. Podell said she would like to promote it to each public space in New York, which would be carried out by various volunteers across the city.
It was truly inspiring to meet someone with such a big heart, especially in New York―where it is sometimes very hard to find anybody to listen. (303 words)
81. In what way was Podell different from other people in the park? (No more than 6 words) (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
82. What do people in need expect Podell to do? (No more than 10 words) (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
83. According to Podell, what should people do when making decisions?
(No more than 6 words) (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
84. How would Podell promote her project in New York? (No more than 15 words) (3 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
Section C (25 marks)
Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.
请以下列词语为关键词写一篇英语短文。
match winner loser result 内容：
1.自己或他人的一次经历;
2.你的感受。
注意：
1.必须使用所给4个关键词;
2.词数不少于120个;
3.不能使用真实姓名和学校名称。
篇3：湖南高考英语试题（真题）
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(湖南卷)
英 语PartⅠ Listening Comprehension (30 marks)
Section A (22.5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear six conversations between two speakers. For each conversation, there are several questions and each question is followed by three choices marked A, B and C. Listen carefully and then choose the best answer for each question.
You will hear each conversation TWICE.
Conversation 1
1. Where is the man going?
A. Kennedy. B. London. C. New York.
2. When should the man arrive at the airport?
A. By 8:15. B. By 9:00. C. By 9:25.
Conversation 2
3. What is the woman doing?
A. Taking a taxi. B. Doing shopping. C. Waiting for the man.
4. Where are the two speakers going to meet?
A. At home. B. In a shop. C. In a restaurant.
Conversation 3
5. What is the woman looking for?
A. A pan. B. Carrots. C. Tomatoes.
6. What will the speakers probably have tonight?
A. French fries. B. Noodles. C. Fried chicken.
Conversation 4
7. What will the project focus on?
A. A dog. B. A fish. C. A cat.
8. What can we know about John?
A. He has conducted the survey.
B. He is making cards now.
C. He will do the introduction.
9. Who can handle the summarizing?
A. Carol. B. Tom. C. Mary.
Conversation 5
10. What can we know about the woman’s vacation?
A. She will stay on the beaches.
B. She will go camping in the jungle.
C. She will spend 3 weeks in South Africa.
11. Which does the woman need to bring?
A. A map. B. A tent. C. Some clothes.
12. Who will prepare the meals?
A. The man. B. The guide. C. The woman.
Conversation 6
13. What are the two speakers doing?
A. Discussing a lecture. B. Visiting a museum. C. Attending a party.
14. Which job has Jane applied for?
A. Salesgirl. B. Waitress. C. Volunteer.
15. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?
A. Teacher and student. B. Father and daughter. C. Classmates.
Section B (7.5 marks)
Directions: In this section, you will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and then fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Fill in each blank with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS.
You will hear the short passage TWICE.
How to Speak English 16. ___________
I. Speak often
The more often you speak, the 17. ___________ it becomes
II. Relax & 18. ___________ the message
● Don’t focus on the grammar rules only.
● Talk about something 19. ___________.
III. Practise what you want to say
Speak to 20. ___________ a few times. Part II Language Knowledge (45 marks)
Section A (15 marks)
Directions: For each of the following unfinished sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence.
21. Happiness and success often come to those ________ are good at recognizing their own strengths.
A. whom B. who C. what D. which
22. “What do you want to be?” asked Mrs. Crawford. “Oh, I ________ president,” said the boy, with a
smile.
A. have been B. am C. was D. will be
23. You must learn to consult your feelings and your reason ________ you reach any decision.
A. although B. before C. because D. unless
24. Around two o’clock every night, Sue will start talking in her dream. It somewhat ________ us.
A. bothers B. had bothered C. would bother D. bothered
25. The sun began to rise in the sky, ________ the mountain in golden light.
A. bathed B. bathing C. to have bathed D. have bathed
26. If nothing ________, the oceans will turn into fish deserts.
A. does B. had been done C. will do D. is done
27. ― Have you heard about the recent election?
― Sure, it ________ the only thing on the news for the last three days.
A. would be B. is C. has been D. will be
28. Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell ________ close you may be to victory.
A. how B. that C. which D. where
29. You cannot accept an opinion ________ to you unless it is based on facts.
A. offering B. to offer C. having offered D. offered
30. Every day ________ a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
A. read B. reading C. to read D. reads
31. ________ warm at night, I would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so I could
refill it.
A. Staying B. Stayed C. To stay D. Stay
32. He ________ sleep, although he tried to, when he got on such a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.
A. wouldn’t B. shouldn’t C. couldn’t D. mustn’t
33. The university estimates that living expenses for international students ________ around $8,450 a year,
which ________ a burden for some of them.
A. are;is B. are;are C. is;are D. is;is
34. ― I don’t understand why you didn’t go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.
― had done B. was doing C. would do D. am doing
35. Not once ________ to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
A. occurred it B. it did occur C. it occurred D. did it occur
Section B (18 marks)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
When I was 8 years old, I once decided to run away from home. With my suitcase 36 and some sandwiches in a bag, I started for the front door and said to Mom, “I’m leaving.”
“If you want to 37 , that’s all right,” she said. “But you came into this home without anything and you can leave the same way.” I 38 my suitcase and sandwiches on the floor heavily and started for the door again.
“Wait a minute,” Mom said. “I want your 39 back. You didn’t wear anything when you arrived.” This really angered me. I tore my clothes off―shoes, socks, underwear and all―and 40 , “Can I go now?” “Yes,” Mom answered, “but once you close that door, don’t expect to come back.”
I was so 41 that I slammed (砰地关上) the door and stepped out on the front porch. 42 I realized that I was outside, with nothing on. Then I noticed that down the street, two neighbor girls were walking toward our house. I ran to 43 behind a big tree in our yard at once. After a while, I was 44 the girls had passed by. I dashed to the front door and banged on it loudly.
“Who’s there?” I heard.
“It’s Billy! Let me in!”
The voice behind the 45 answered, “Billy doesn’t live here anymore. He ran away from home.” Glancing behind me to see if anyone else was coming, I begged, “Aw, c’mon, Mom! I’m 46 your son. Let me in!”
The door inched open and Mom’s smiling face appeared. “Did you change your 47 about running away?” she asked.
“What’s for supper?” I answered. (277 words)
36. A. packed B. returned C. cleaned D. repaired
37. A. drop out B. go by C. move around D. run away
38. A. pressed B. shook C. threw D. pulled
39. A. bag B. clothes C. sandwiches D. suitcase
40. A. explained B. suggested C. continued D. shouted
41. A. angry B. sorry C. frightened D. ashamed
42. A. Certainly B. Naturally C. Suddenly D. Possibly
43. A. play B. bide C. rest D. wave
44. A. sure B. proud C. eager D. curious
45. A. house B. tree C. door D. yard
46. A. also B. still C. even D. already
47. A. conclusion B. promise C. concern D. decision
Section C (12 marks)
Directions: Complete the following passage by filling in each blank with one word that best fits the context.
When kids in parts of the world want to play, they often make soccer balls out of trash tied together with string. “ 48 the areas used for playing fields are often rough and rocky, millions of real balls go flat (变瘪) 49 24 hours,” says Tim Jahnigen, a California businessman. Determined to solve this problem, 50 created an indestructible ball called the One World Futbol.
The ball is made of 51 special material, ethylene-vinyl acetate foam. It’s lightweight, it’s flexible, and― 52 important―it holds its shape.
The One World Futbol needs no pump 53 won’t wear out, even on rough surfaces. When tested, 54 withstood (经受住) being crushed by a car, and even being chewed on by a lion.
Although it costs more to produce 55 a typical soccer ball, Jahnigen estimates the One World Futbol can last 30 years. So far, it’s been given to kids in 143 countries. (154 words)
Part III Reading Comprehension (30 marks)
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage.
A
Planning a visit to the UK? Here we help with ways to cut your costs.
AVOID BIG EVENTS Big sporting events, concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room. A standard double room at the Thistle Brighton on the final Friday of the Brighton Comedy Festival (19 Oct.) cost 169.15 at Booking.com. A week later, the same room cost 118.15.
If you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoid―or you’re looking for a big event to pass your time―check out sites such as Whatsonwhen.com, which allow you to search for events in the UK by city, date and category.
STAYAWAY FROM THE STATION If traveling to your destination by train, you may want to find a good base close to the station, but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.
Don’t be too choosy about the part of town you stay in. Booking two months in advance, the cheapest room at Travelodge’s Central Euston hotel in London for Saturday 22 September was 95.95. A room just a tube journey away at its Covent Garden hotel was 75.75. And at Farringdon, a double room cost just 62.95.
LOOK AFTER YOURSELF Really central hotels in cities such as London, Edinburgh and Cardiff can cost a fortune, especially at weekends and during big events. As an alternative consider checking into a self-catering flat with its own kitchen. Often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings. A great example is the historic O’Neill Flat on Edinburgh’s Royal Mile, available for 420 for five days in late September, with room for four adults.
GET ON A BIKE London’s ‘Boris bikes’ have attracted the most attention, but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace, saving you on public transport or car parking costs.
Among the smaller cities with their own programmes are Newcastle (casual members pay around 1.50 for two hours) and Cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes, or 5 per day). (358 words)
56. The Brighton Comedy Festival is mentioned mainly to show big events may __________.
A. help travelers pass time B. attract lots of travelers to the UK
C. allow travelers to make flexible plans D. cause travelers to pay more for accommodation
57. “Farringdon” in Paragraph 5 is most probably __________.
A. a hotel away from the train station B. the tube line to Covent Garden
C. an ideal holiday destination D. the name of a travel agency
58. The passage shows that the O’Neill Flat __________.
A. lies on the ground floor B. is located in central London
C. provides cooking facilities for tourists D. costs over 100 on average per day in late September
59. Cardiff’s program allows a free bike for a maximum period of __________.
A. half an hour B. one hour
C. one hour and a half D. two hours
60. The main purpose of the passage is __________.
A. to tell visitors how to book in advance
B. to supply visitors with hotel information
C. to show visitors the importance of self-help
D. to offer visitors some money-saving tips
B
In my living room, there is a plaque (匾) that advises me to “Bloom (开花) where you are planted.” It reminds me of Dorothy. I got to know Dorothy in the early 1980s, when I was teaching Early Childhood Development through a program with Union College in Barbourville, Kentucky. The job responsibilities required occasional visits to the classroom of each teacher in the program. Dorothy stands out in my memory as one who “bloomed” in her remote area.
Dorothy taught in a school In Harlan County, Kentucky, Appalachian Mountain area. To get to her school from the town of Harlan, I followed a road winding around the mountain. In the eight-mile journey, I crossed the same railroad track five times, giving the possibility of getting caught by the same train five times. Rather than feeling excited by this drive through the mountains, I found it depressing. The poverty level was shocking and the small shabby houses gave me the greatest feeling of hopelessness.
From the moment of my arrival at the little school, all gloom (忧郁) disappeared. Upon arriving at Dorothy’s classroom. I was greeted with smiling faces and treated like a queen. The children had been prepared to show me their latest projects. Dorothy told me with a big smile that they were serving poke greens salad and cornbread for “dinner” (lunch). In case you don’t know, poke greens are a weed-type plant that grows wild, especially on poor ground.
Dorothy never ran out of reports of exciting activities of her students. Her enthusiasm never cooled down. When it came time to sit for the testing and interviewing required to receive her Child Development Associate Certification, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas. Afterward, she invited me to the one-and-only steak house in the area to celebrate her victory, as if she had received her Ph. D. degree. After the meal, she placed a little box containing an old pen in my hand. She said it was a family heirloom (传家宝), but to me it is a treasured symbol of appreciation and pride that cannot be matched with things. (360 words)
61. “Early Childhood Development” in Paragraph 1 refers to __________.
A. a program directed by Dorothy B. a course given by the author
C. an activity held by the students D. an organization sponsored by Union college
62. In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing __________.
A. the long track B. the poor houses
C. the same train D. the winding road
63. Upon arriving at the classroom, the author was cheered up by __________.
A. a warm welcome B. the sight of poke greens
C. Dorothy’s latest projects D. a big dinner made for her
64. What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?
A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant.
B. She got a pen as a gift from the author.
C. She passed the required assessment.
D. She received her Ph. D. degree.
65. What does the author mainly intend to tell us?
A. Whatever you do, you must do it carefully.
B. Whoever you are, you deserve equal treatment.
C. However poor you are, you have the right to education,
D. Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.
C
It’s such a happy-looking library, painted yellow, decorated with palm-tree stickers and sheltered from the Florida sun by its own roof. About the size of a microwave oven, it’s pedestrian-friendly, too, waiting for book lovers next to a sidewalk in Palm Beach country Estates, along the northern boundary of Palm Beach Gardens.
It’s a library built with love.
A year ago, shortly after Janey Henriksen saw a Brian Williams report about the Little Free Library organization, a Wisconsin-based nonprofit that aims to promote literacy and build a sense of community in a neighborhood by making books freely available, she announced to her family of four, “That’s what we’re going to do for our spring break!”
Son Austin, now a 10th-grader, didn’t see the point of building a library that resembles a mailbox. But Janey insisted, and husband Peter unwillingly got to work. The 51-year-old owner of a ship supply company modified a small wooden house that he’d built years earlier for daughter Abbie’s toy horses, and made a door of glass.
After adding the library’s final touches (装点), the family hung a signboard on the front, instructing users to “take a book, return a book,” and making the Henriksen library, now one of several hundred like it nationwide and among more than 2,500 in the world, the only Little Free Library in Palm Beach County.
They stocked it with 20 or so books they’d already read, a mix of science fiction, reference titles, novels and kids’ favorites. “I told them, keep in mind that you might not see it again,” said Janey, a stay-at-home mom.
Since then, the collection keeps replenishing (补充) itself, thanks to ongoing donations from borrowers. The library now gets an average of five visits a day.
The project’s best payoff, says Peter, are the thank-you notes left behind. “We had no idea in the beginning that it would be so popular.” (317 words)
66. In what way is the library “pedestrian-friendly”?
A. It owns a yellow roof. B. It stands near a sidewalk.
C. It protects book lovers from the sun. D. It uses palm-tree stickers as decorations.
67. Janey got the idea to build a library from __________.
A. a visit to Brian Williams B. a spring break with her family
C. a book sent by one of her neighbors D. a report on a Wisconsin-based organization
68. The library was built __________.
A. by a ship supply company B. on the basis of toy horses
C. like a mailbox D. with glass
69. What can we infer about the signboard?
A. It was made by a user of the library. B. It marked a final touch to the library.
C. It aimed at making the library last long. D. It indicated the library was a family property.
70. The passage tells us that the users __________.
A. donate books to the library
B. get paid to collect books for the library
C. receive thank-you notes for using the library
D. visit the library over 5 times on average daily
Part IV Writing (45 marks)
篇4：上海高考物理真题
上海高考物理真题
一．(20分)填空题．本大题共5小题，每小题4分．答案写在题中横线上的空白处或指定位置，不要求写出演算过程．
本大题中第l、2、3小题为分叉题。分A、B两类，考生可任选一类答题．若两类试题均做。一律按A类题计分．
A类题(适合于使用一期课改教材的考生)
1A． 如图所示，一束卢粒子自下而上进人一水平方向的匀强电场后发生偏转，则电场方向向 ，进人电场后，β粒子的动能 （填“增加”、“减少”或“不变”）．
2A．如图所示，同一平面内有两根互相平行的长直导线1和2，通有大小相等、方向相反的电流，a、b两点与两导线共面，a点在两导线的.中间与两导线的距离均为r，b点在导线2右侧，与导线2的距离也为r．现测得a点磁感应强度的大小为B，则去掉导线1后，b点的磁感应强度大小为 ，方向 ．
3A．利用光电管产生光电流的电路如图所示．电源的正极应接在 端（填“a”或“b”）；若电流表读数为8μA， 则每 秒从光电管阴极发射的光电子至少是 个（已知电子电量为 l.6×10-19C）
B类题(适合于使用二期课改教材的考生)
1B．如图所示，一束β粒子自下而上进人一垂直纸面的匀强磁场后发 生偏转，则磁场方向向，进人磁场后，p粒子的动能 （填“增加”、“减少”或“不变”）
篇5：上海高考语文试卷真题
高考真题 语文 (上海卷)
1(一)阅读下文，完成第1-6题。
考据、批评与欣赏
朱光潜
①把快感、联想当作美感，是一般人的误解。有一种误解是学者们所特有的，就是把考据和批评当作欣赏。
②拿我在国外大学读的莎士比亚这门功课来说，英国的教授整年地讲“版本的批评”;莎士比亚的某部剧本在那一年印第一次“四折本”，哪一年印第一次“对折本”，各有几次梵音，某一个字在第一次“四折本”怎样写，后来在“对折本”，里又改成什么样……自然他们不仅讲这一样，对来源和作者生平也很重视：莎士比亚大概读过些什么书?《哈姆雷特》是根据哪些书写的?他和戏院和同行的关系如何?“哈姆雷特是不是作者现身说法?……为了解决这些问题，学者们个个埋头于灰封虫咬的故纸堆中，寻找片纸只字以为至宝。
③这些功夫都属于中国人说的“考据学”。这门课的教授只做这种功夫，对我们也只讲他研究的那一套。至于学生能否欣赏剧本本身，他并不过问。从美学观点来说，我们该如何看待这种考据工作呢?
④考据所得的是历史知识，可以帮助欣赏，却不是欣赏本身。欣赏之前要有了解。只就欣赏说，版本、来源以及作者生平都是题外事，因为美感经验全在欣赏形象本身。但就了解说，这些历史的知识却非常重要，要了解《洛神赋》，就不能不知道曹植和甄后的关系;要了解《饮酒》诗，就不能不先考定原本中到底是“悠然望南山”还是“悠然见南山”。
⑤但若只了解而不能欣赏，则没有走进文艺的领域。通常富于考据癖的学者难免犯两种错误。第一种错误是穿凿附会。他们以为作者字字有来历，便拉史实来附会它。他们不知道艺术是创造的，虽然可以受史实的影响，却不必完全受其支配。第二种错误是因考据之后，便袖手旁观，不肯染指，而我是饕餮汉，对于考据家的苦心孤诣虽十二分地敬佩、感激，但我认为，最要紧的事还是伸箸把菜取到口里来咀嚼，领略领略它的滋味。
⑥在考据学者们自己看来，考据就是一种文学批评，但是一般人所谓的文学批评，意义实不仅如此。文学批评学者向来有派别的不同，所认识的文学批评的意义也不一致。区分起来，除开上述帮助了解的文学批评，主要还有两类。
⑦第一类是“法官”式的文学批评。“法官”要有“法”，也便是“纪律”，“法官”式的学者心中预存几条纪律，用来衡量一切作品，符合它们的就是美，违背它们的就是丑。他们向作家下批语说：“亚里士多德明明说过坏人不能做悲剧主角，你何以要用一个杀皇帝的麦可白?”但文艺是创造的，谁能拿死纪律来限制活作品?
⑧第二类就是近代法国印象主义的文学批评。这一派学者可说是“饕餮者”：只贪美味，尝到美味便把印象描写出来，法郎士说：“依我看来，文学批评和历史一样，只是一种给深思好奇者看的小说;一切小说，精密地说起来，都是一种自传。凡是真正的文学批评家都只叙述他的灵魂在杰作中的冒险。”这是印象派文学批评家的信条。他们主张，文学批评应当是艺术的、主体的，各人应以自己的嗜好为标准。
⑨“法官”式的文学批评所持的是“批评的态度”，印象派的文学批评所持的是“欣赏的态度”，它们是相反的。批评的态度是冷静的，不杂情感;欣赏的态度则注重我的情感和物的姿态的交流。批评的态度须用反省的理解;欣赏的态度则全凭直觉，批评的态度预存美丑的标准，把我放在作品之外去评判它的美丑;欣赏的态度则忌杂有任何成见，把我放在作品里面去分享它的生命。遇到文艺作品如果始终持批评的态度，则我是我而作品是作品，得不到真正的美感经验。
⑩我是倾向于印象派的，不过我也明白它的缺点，比如看一幅图，内行有内行的印象，外行有外行的印象，它们的价值是否相同呢?我小时候欢喜读《花月痕》①一类的东西，现在想来不禁赧颜，究竟是从前对还是现在对呢?文艺虽无普遍的纪律，而美丑的好恶却有一个道理，遇见一个作品，只说“我觉得好”还不够，还应说出觉得好的道理。
?总之，考据、批评都不是欣赏，但是欣赏却不可无考据与批评。有的人太看重考据和批评的功夫，有的人又太不肯做脚踏实地的功夫，以为有文艺的嗜好就可以谈文艺，这都是很大的错误。
(有删改)
【注】①《花月痕》：清代长篇小说，情调缠绵哀怨。
1.第②段画线的词语“现身说法”在文中是指 (2分)
2.第②段详细列举“功课”内容，对其作用分析不正确的一项是( )。
A流露出作者对纯考据工作不满的态度。B证明考据学者只做这种无意义的功夫。C有助于读者对考据工作形成感性认识。D为“考据对欣赏是题外事”提供证据。3.概括“法官”式文学批评的特点。
4.以下对文章的分析不恰当的一项是( )。
A第①段提出文章讨论的对象，总领全文。B第②~⑤段着重阐述了作者对考据的看法。C第⑨⑩段分别对第⑦⑧段进行了深入分析。D第?段总括了上文，提出了自己的主张。5.下列推断与文章一致的一项是( )
A把考据和批评当作欣赏的人不都是学者。B如果不欣赏形象本身，就不能得到美感经验。C在考据学者们自己看来，文学批评也是一种考据。D“法官”式文学批评者不认为《麦克白》是一部悲剧。6.分析作者与印象派在文学批评观点上的异同。
分值: 17分 查看题目解析 >
2(二)阅读下文，完成第7-11题。
湖 殇
熊久红
①当一双脚站在干涸的湖底的时候，其实，那种心痛的感觉，就像是自己踩在了自己的骨头上。
②我说的是，在西部腹地，看着被戈壁荒漠一寸寸吞噬掉的艾比湖;我说的是，面对一片白色的盐碱，以及狂风掠过时卷起的漫漫沙尘。
③对湖而言，它首先带给我们的，应该是那粼粼的波光，是鸥鸟的翔鸣，是蓝天白云的倒映，是渔歌唱晚的恬静，这些特征是湖带给我们的生活体验，也是湖应有的生命品质。而我脚下的艾比湖，正在丧失这些青春，就像一个散失了光鲜的干瘪水果，躺成一汪奄奄一息的物证，那些越来越多从湖底裸露出来的丑陋的盐碱污泥，总是让我联想到一具行将风干的木乃伊，一个湖的木乃伊。
④青年时期的艾比湖有着1200平方公里的水面;有着几万乃至十几万只野鸭水鸟嬉戏的场面;有着浩浩荡荡芦苇环卫的辽阔水域;有着长河落日大漠孤烟的宁静致远。这些深深的怀念，使得我对眼前的景象，有着撕心裂肺的悲怆。
⑤在蛮荒的疆域里安插一个湖，应该是上帝对自己分配不公的一个补偿，她带给我们的是对绝望灵魂的抚慰，是对生存状态的重估，是能枕着入眠的一个梦境，而这个梦，曾经真真实实地存在过，在记忆的回望里，碧波荡漾。
⑥那是八十年代中期，一直对巴金的《海上日出》心存缱绻，期待感受红日出海的璀璨景象。新疆离海太远，便只好以湖的的水域，模仿海的苍茫了。从首府放暑假回来，邀几位同学，骑车六十里，去艾比湖看日出，以弥补对海的贫瘠和渴望。
⑦由于道路的崎岖，到湖边时，太阳早已三尺竿头了。虽没赶上看日出，却被眼前一望无际、绵延至深的芦苇荡所震撼，清风拂过，波涛汹涌。一如百万雄兵拥围着这一城的浩淼，湖的浅滩上，密密麻麻布满了野鸭、灰鸭、斑头雁，随便朝水中甩一片卵石，都会惊飞几十只水鸟，空中盘旋两圈，又栖落水中。湖面很宽，即使极目远眺，也看不见对岸的轮廓。靠近水边是一排沙滩，赤脚从上面走过，可以感受到温热潮润的细沙与脚趾间密切接触的惬意。几行浅浅的脚印，一派浪漫的行程。
⑧二十多年的时间，都无法淡化湖在往事里的色彩，这幅精美的画面早已长在岁月深处，每一次温故，都在重新涂染一遍色彩，所以，停靠在回忆中的湖，其实，一直都很鲜艳，多少次在梦里，潮涨潮落，清波涟涟。
⑨但眼前的残败，总让人恍若隔世，觉得这个每年被大风从湖底卷起无数沙尘和盐尘的，这个每年以几平方公里的速度一点点消失的，这个在干涸湖底随处可见禽鸟尸骨和枯苇干枝的，不是记忆里的那个湖啊!它与往日被我们时常念想的碧水清波毫无瓜葛。
⑩多么希望艾比湖的枯萎是一次误诊!
?但更多时候，我们不得不面对这样一串数字。近50年，我国失去的湖泊有243个，其中，新疆的数量最多，达62个。罗布泊消失于1972年;台特玛湖消失于1974年;玛纳斯湖消失于1974年;艾丁湖消失于1987年。这听上去多少有些像宣读阵亡名单，但它们确实是从我们眼中一个一个消失的。
?那些缭绕碧波的绿茵，那些水中游戏的鱼鸟，那些湖面泛舟的渔人，那些环湖晚炊的村庄，都随着湖的消失而泯灭了。
?通过同伴的结局，艾比湖一定看到了自己悲情的归宿，所以，湖才有了泪的咸涩。如果能发出呐喊，我想，湖是一定要向上天控诉的，控诉那贪婪者、破坏者、无知者、傲慢者，控诉他们以自己的短视，替子孙们挖掘着墓穴。
?时常看到一些赞美艾比湖的文章，对它仅剩的三分之一的水域，进行热情歌颂，听上去就像是对着一个病入膏肓的人，赞美她美丽的服饰和迷人的发髻，不知道在鱼缸里长大的鱼，会不会朗诵有关海的诗句。
?我在为一个湖悲哀的时侯，突然想起了那些鸟，那些以湖为生的水禽，它们的翅膀，如何才能越过灾难，飞抵梦想的天堂。
(有删改)
7.第①段中的比喻贴切形象，表现力强，请加以赏析。
8.作者描绘了八十年代中期游湖所见景色，用意是
9.本文是抒情散文，第11段却用了若干数据和年份，有何效果?
10.结合全文，分析标题“湖殇”的含义。
11.以第12~15段为例，评析本文语言运用上的特点。
分值: 18分 查看题目解析 >
3(四)阅读下面的诗歌，完成第13—15题。
野望(唐)杜甫
西山白雪三城戍①，南浦清江万里桥②。
海内风尘诸弟隔，天涯涕泪一身遥。
惟将迟暮供多病，未有涓埃③答圣朝。
跨马出郊时极目，不堪人事日萧条。
【注】①三城戍：西山三城的堡垒，三城，与吐蕃临界，为蜀边要塞。②南浦句：南浦，泛指送别之地。万里桥，在成都杜甫草堂的东边。③涓埃：细流与微尘，比喻微小。
13.下列各组词语不符合对仗要求的一项是( )。
A第一、二句中的“白雪”与“清江”B第三、四句中的“诸弟”与“一身”C第五、六句中的“供多病”与“答圣朝”D第七、八句中的“时极目”与“日萧条”14.从“切合题目”的角度分析本诗，恰当的一项是( )。
A第一、二句中的“西山”“南浦”切合“野”字。B第三、四句“海内”“天涯”切合“野望“二字。C第五、六句中的“迟暮”“涓埃”切合“望“字。D第七句中的“出郊”“极目”切合“野望”二字。15.全诗是怎样表现作者的情感的?请结合具体诗句加以赏析。
分值: 8分 查看题目解析 >
4(五)阅读下文，完成第16—21题。(18分)
①羊祜，字叔子，泰山南城人也。博学能属文，美须眉，善谈论。郡将夏侯威异之，以兄霸之子妻之。举上计吏，州四辟从事，皆不就。夏侯霸之降蜀也，姻亲多告绝，祜独安其室，恩礼有加焉。
②帝将有灭吴之志，以祜为都督荆州诸军事，镇南夏，甚得江汉之心，吴石城守去襄阳七百余里，每为边害，祜患之，竟以诡计①令吴罢守。于是戍逻减半，分以垦田八百余顷，大获其利。在军常轻裘缓带，身不被甲，铃阁以下，侍卫不过十数人，而颇以渔畋废政。尝欲夜出，军司徐胤执綮当营门曰：“将军都督万里，安可轻脱!将军之安危，亦国家之安危也。胤今日若死，此门乃开耳!”祜改容谢之，此后稀出矣。
③每与吴人交兵，克日方战，不为掩袭之计。将帅有欲进谲诈之策者，辄饮以醇酒，使不得言。吴将邓香掠夏口，祜募生缚香，既至，宥之。香感其恩甚，率部曲而降。祜出军行吴境，刈谷为粮，皆计所侵，送绢偿之，每会众江涡游猎，常止晋地，若禽兽先为吴人所伤而为晋兵所得者，皆封还之，于是吴人翁然悦服。称为“羊岱”，不之名也。祜与陆抗相对，使命交通，抗称祜之德量，虽乐毅，诸葛孔明不能过也。抗常病，祜馈之药。抗服之无疑心，人多谏抗，抗曰：“羊祜岂鸩人者?”
④祜女夫尝劝祜有所营置，令有归载者，祜黯然不应，遂告诸子曰：“人臣树私则背公，是大惑也，汝宜识吾此意。”
(节选自《晋书·羊祜传》)
【注】①诡计：奇计。
16.写出下列加点词在句中的意思。(2分)
(1)博学能属文 (2)枯独安其室
17.为下列居中加点词语选择释义正确的一项。(2分)
(1)皆计所侵，送绢尝之( )
(2)枯与陆抗相对，使命交通( )
A侵占 往来 B侵犯 结交C侵害 连接D侵袭 沟通18.下列句中加点词意义和用法都相同的一项是( )。(2分)
A胤今日若死，此门乃开耳 今君乃亡赵走燕B称为“羊公”，不之名也 句读之不知，惑之不解C枯女夫尝劝枯有所营置 视成所蓄，掩口胡卢而笑D人臣树私则背公 及诸河，则在舟中矣19.把第③段画线句译成现代汉语。(6分)
每与吴人交兵，克日方战，不为掩袭之计。将帅有欲进谲诈之策者，辄饮以醇酒，使不得言。
20.第④段中“此意”指的是：做大臣应当□ □ □ □。(2分)
21.依据②③两段相关事迹，概括羊祜的主要品质，完成表格。(4分)
相关事迹
羊祜的品质
安边垦田
(1)__________________
徐胤当门
(2)__________________
邓香归降
(3)__________________
陆抗服药
(4)__________________
分值: 18分 查看题目解析 >
5(六)阅读下文，完成第22—26题。(13分)
勿斋记(明)
朱舜水
①世之学圣人者，视圣人太高，而求圣人太精，究竟于圣人之道去之不知其几万里已。
②古今之称至圣人者莫盛于孔子，而聪明睿知莫过于颜渊，及其问仁也。夫子宣告之以精微之妙理，方为圣贤传心之秘，何独曰“非礼勿视，赤礼勿听，非礼勿言，非礼勿动”?夫视听言动者，耳目口体之常事，礼与非礼者，中智之衡量，
而“勿”者下学之持守，岂夫子不能说玄说妙、言高言远哉?抑颜渊之才不能为玄为妙、鹜高鹜远哉?而遇生民未有之孔子，其所以授受者，止于日用之能事，下学之工夫，其少有不及于颜渊者，从可知矣，故知道之至极者，在此而不在彼也。
③腾君素好学，有志于“四勿”也，以名其斋。因号“勿斋”，初见于太史所。士大夫之初遇，自有礼矣，不得轻有所请谒也，奈何以“勿斋”请余为之记也?余未知其人，亦何得轻为搦管，如贾人之炫其玉而求售也?抑其心久厌夫高远玄虚之故习，茫如捕风，一旦幡然，欲得余言以证其生平之志，中庸之德乎?“先民有言，询于刍荛 ”，勿斋有之矣!“狂夫之言，圣人择焉”。余亦有之矣!
[注]①传心：传授道统。②刍荛：指割草砍柴的人。
22.概括第①段的意思。(2分)
23.第②段举孔子、颜渊为例，对其分析不恰当的一项是( )。(3分)
A以圣贤为例，具体典型，很有说服力。B交代“四勿”是圣贤道统传授的秘诀。C借助圣贤之人的做法，引出文章观点。D通过对比，揭示圣人之道的玄妙高远。24.作者初见藤君就答应为他作记，原因是什么?(2分)
25.对第③段画线句理解恰当的一项是( )。(2分)
A“狂夫”借指藤君，表达谦逊之意。B“圣人”借指藤君，表达感激之情。C作者认为自己境界与圣人相距甚远。D作者为藤君向自己求文而感到庆幸。分值: 13分 查看题目解析 >
填空题 本大题共1小题，每小题6分，共6分。把答案填写在题中横线上。
612.(三)默写。(6分)【任选6空作答：超过6空，按前6空评分】
(1)非独贤者是有心也，人皆有之，。 。
(2) __________，孤城遥望玉门关。(王昌龄《从军行》
(3)楚天千里清秋， 。(辛弃疾《水龙吟·登建康赏心亭》)
(4)夕阳下，酒旆闲，。(马致远《【双调】寿阳曲·远浦帆归》)
(5)______，身世浮沉雨打萍。(文天祥《过零丁洋》)
(6)知足不辱，__________。(《老子》第四十五章)
(7)奇文共欣赏，_________。(陶渊明《移居》)
(8)山一程，水一程，身向榆关那畔行，________。(纳兰性德《长相思》)
分值: 6分 查看题目解析 >
书面表达 本大题共70分。
727.随着现代社会的发展，人们的生活更容易进入大众视野，评价他人生活变得越来越常见，这些评价对个人和社会的影响越来越大。人们对“评价他人的生活”这种现象的看法不尽相同，请写一篇文章，谈谈你对这种现象的思考。
要求：(1)自拟题目;(2)不少于800字。
语文学习方法：
定计划，破难点
高中的语文学习不但要积累知识、掌握方法，还要训练思维、感悟哲理。林老师说，“高中的语文学习不能抱一切听从老师安排的想法，也不能恨不得上语文课就听笑话，‘高高兴兴听语文’，这样学语文是痴人说梦，实干加巧干才能真正学好语文。”
每位高一学生就要定好语文的学习计划。主要有以下内容：
1.高中三年内分阶段阅读9部名著和3部文化经典名著。
2.订阅一些有助于自己语文学习的课外书刊。
3.保存好作业本，三年内形成系统。
4.做好读书笔记，把自己平时看到的佳作精彩段积累下来。
5.永远把《新华字典》和《现代汉语词典》放在身边，有条件的还可以把《成语词典》和《古代汉语词典》放在书桌里。
语文阅读理解
语文的阅读理解是奇葩。有些是客观内容，这个不用说。主观内容方面，让人与马不能。
例子太多，仅选三个。
12月24日的《寂静钱钟书》被选为福建省高考语文阅读题。作者周南(化名)自己试做了一遍题，总分15分中只拿了1分。尤为荒谬的是，一个被作者认为“说出了我内心最真实意图”的选项，参考答案却是错的。“我对了对答案，除了第一个选择题，我拿了1分外，其余全错。出题老师比我更好地理解了我写的文章的意思，把我写作时根本没有想到的内涵都表达出来了。”周南在博客上这样写道。
“80后”作家韩寒也曾“细心地完成”了针对自己文章《求医》一节的中学语文阅读题，8道题只做对了3道。甚至，他选错了“画线句作者想要表达的意思”。韩寒对此曾评论说：“我真弄不明白为什么中国的语文喜欢把别人的文章一字一句加以拆解，并强行加上后人的看法，或者说是出题目的人的看法。”
，学长，哲学家周国平对语文高考阅读理解的看法。
近十几年的高考语文试卷和模拟试卷中，不少占分数比重很大的现代文阅读的文章都是选自周国平的散文。新书发布当天，高考语文刚刚结束，周国平在接受采访时却毫不留情地说这种考查方式“很荒.唐”：“你说一个文本，你去分析它的原意、它的中心思想、它的段落大意，去弄这些东西干什么?还说哪句话‘它的含义是什么’，我自己都不知道它的含义是什么。”
周国平还说自己几年前曾经做过一份语文阅读题，分析自己的散文，对照标准答案后自己只得了69分。周国平说到这里哈哈大笑，接着严肃地批评了当下的语文应试教育：“现在的语文教学用这种方式，完全是违背教学应该做的事。这样做完全不能提高人的水平，反而是压制了语文水平，不能发展。”
但是咱作为学生，骂一骂可以，拿分数才是真的。
既然阅读理解这么荒.唐。但是有人能稳定的拿高分，为什么?原因只有一个。这些人不但把文章读明白了，而且他们还知道出题者想要什么答案。简单来说，语文高手懂人的心理!!!
我当时完全不知道这么回事儿。我幼小的心灵，哪禁得起如此风尘。幸好，高二期间的一段读课外书的经历，让我对阅读理解开窍了。
当时我很偶然的从班级后排座位调到了第四排，新同桌是数学课代表。我们俩聊得来。他给我看他的读书简报。还有他哥哥的书。他哥已经上大学了，时不时带回一些课外书。有些他喜欢的推荐给我看。
印象最深的是两本书。一本书是《周恩来传》，很厚的一本。我读的有些吃力。另外一本书是卡耐基的《人性的弱点》。这本书看得我如痴如醉。我当时不知道，这本书被人归为“成功学”。
《人性的弱点》帮我打开了一个新的世界，那就是从人的心理角度看人。从此之后，只要有人跟我说话，我都会默默的注视人家的眼睛，同时专注的聆听，无论实际上有没有溜号。这个技术，在以后的人生路上，帮我赢得了许多朋友，还有长辈。
篇6：20上海高考材料作文真题
材料作文：材料作文，是根据所给材料和要求来写文章的一种作文形式。材料作文的特点是要求考生依据材料来立意、构思，材料所反映的中心就是文章中心的来源，不能脱离材料所揭示的中心来写作，故材料作文又叫“命意作文”，即出题者已经把作文的“基本中心(意)”提供给考生了。一般来说材料作文由材料和要求两部分组成，材料按形式分，有记叙性材料(故事、寓言等)、引语式材料和图画式材料。材料作文比命题作文、半命题作文更有利于考生发挥自己的作文水平，考生可以通过自己对材料的理解和解读，选择适合自己的文体进行写作。
年上海高考材料作文真题：穿越沙漠和自由
【2014年上海高考作文】你可以选择穿越沙漠的道路和方式，所以你是自由的;
你必须穿越这片沙漠，所以你又是不自由的。
请根据材料作文。
篇7：上海高考语文作文真题
上海高考语文作文真题
预测，是指预先推测。生活充满变数，有的人乐于接受对生活的预测，有的人则不以为然。请写一篇文章。谈谈你的思考。要求：1。自拟题目;2.不少于800字。
篇8：广东高考英语试题word版
普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)
英语
本试卷共12页，三大题，满分135分。考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卷和答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷、答题卷和答题卡一并交回。
语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)
完形填空(共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is ___1___ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live ―― if he or she is ___2___ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce ___3___. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and ___4___ die.
Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a ___5___ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!
When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the ___6___ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental ___7___ until after age 75.
People are living longer because more people ___8___ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood ___9___. Now that the chances of dying ___10___ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.
On the whole, our population is getting older. The ___11___ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be for the worse, while some see ___12___, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in ___13___ if not in age.
As the society grows old, we need the ___14___ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to ___15___ active and devoted.
1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered
2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely
3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately
4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately
5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier
6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing
7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure
8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value
9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases
10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet
11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases
12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices
13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement
14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission
15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay
试题完整版请在这里下载：20广东高考英语试题【word版】
篇9：1994年上海高考英语试题分析
1994年上海高考英语精选试题分析
在今年的上海高考英语试卷中，有些试题是很耐人寻味的。这些题目貌似简单，但却包含了很多能力考核 点。那些对语言学习浅尝辄止的考生，在做这类题时往往会露出能力上的缺陷：而语言功底扎实的考生则不会 觉得题目偏怪。现举三例如下。例1．语法类试题的解法。
原题30．
Jane's pale face suggested that she ______ill ,and her parentssuggested that she ______a medical examination.
A. be...should have B.was...have
C.should be...had D.was...has
分析：suggest 是一个常用动词。中学里学过两种含义，一是“to put forward(as a plan,thought)”（建 议；提出），如果它后面跟宾语从句，那么从句中的谓语一般由should 加动词原形构成，或直接用动词原形； 另一个意思是“to give an impression of”（表明；使人认为），它后面的谓语动词不用虚拟语气的形式。 由于在教学中比较强调suggest 以第一个含义，所以遇到动词suggest时，考生往往会机械地搬用它的第一种用 法。如此题中编题者且有意将两个suggest放在一个句子里，考生只有在理解句中的两个suggest 不同含义的基 础上，才能正确选择从句中动词的用法。原句的意思是：琼苍白的脸色说明她病了，她的父母让她去查查身体 。第一个suggest 的意思是“表明、说明”第二个suggest才有“建议、提出”的含义，所以只有第二个sugge st 后面的从句中的谓语要用虚拟语气的结构。该题的正确答案应为B。如果不理解这句句子的意思，只从形式 去判断，很容易被选项A所迷惑。
这表明，即使做语法类的试题，也应以理解句子的含义为前提。纯考核语言形式的试题今后会越来越少。
例2．单句理解的解法。
原题79
John probably did not realize what effects his theory would have onmankind in the years to c ome.
A.John probably did not know how his theory would affect mankindin the future.
B .John probably did not see what his theory would become in theyears to come.
C.John probably did not understand why his theory would be acceptedby mankind in the fut ure.
D.John probably did not realize what effects his theory on mankindwould in the years to come.
分析：原句中的宾语从句What effects his theory would have on mankindin the years to come由于是 非正常语序，因此 on mankind 究竟修饰哪一部分就不清晰。编题者正是利用了这一点，在选项D中安排了一 句与原句形式极相似的句子。对原句意思不甚理解的考生很容易误选D。要解这道题，首先要搞清 on mankin d 在意思上与句子的哪一部分关系最密切。如果将从句部分变成一个陈述句，那么句子各部分的关系就比较清 晰，即His theory would havesome effects on mankind in the years to come .（他的理论将对人类的未来 产生影响）。把从句恢复到正常语序后，on mankind 和effects的关系就清楚了。原句的中文意思为：约翰也 许并不了解他的理论未来会对人类产生什么样的影响。因此，选项A和原句意思最接近。但选项D从句子的形 式上看和原句最接近，它的`用词和原句完全一样，只是将原句would have 移到了mankind后面。这样，on man kind所修饰的是 his theory ，而不是effects ，选项D的意思就成了“约翰也许并不了解他写的有关人类的 理论在未来会产生什么样的影响”。
在做“单句理解”题时，首先要搞清句子各部分的关系，对原句（即题干）有正确的理解；其次，在挑选 与原句意思最接近的选项时，不能单看句子的形式，而要辨别其真正的含义。正确答案往往用一些与原句意思 相同的词或词组来替换原句的某些成分。如上面的句子，选项D中in the future 就和原句中的in the years
to come同义，而 affect mankind 相当于effects on mankind。由于单句理解实际上是找出两句语言形式不 同而意思相同的句子，因此对意思相同的各种句型进行归类，以及掌握大量的同义词或词组，能提高解答这类 试题的正确率。
例3．综合填空的解题方法。
原题
My work keeps me in Hong Kong most of the year ,but I do try toget ____1______for a month in
______2____usually July.Now as youprobably know that's the main _____3_____season in Europe,the
favouriteplaces for holiday and the famous cities are usually very____4_____.But I'm not seeki ng (寻求)the sun -I get plenty of _____
5______in HongKong and I'm certainly not seeking the ____ 6____!So when I go on holidayI buy a Train Pass(a sort of train ticket )that_____7____me first classtravel on most of the _____8_____of Western Europe.first class compartments(车厢)are _____9_____crowded and they are very comfortable.If you'regoing on an overnight _____10_____you can tak e a sleeping train forsome extra money.There are usually dining ears in the train.
★ 高考作文命题趋势
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