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雅思阅读逻辑关系解读

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雅思阅读逻辑关系解读（集锦9篇）由网友“雨季”投稿提供，以下是小编为大家准备的雅思阅读逻辑关系解读，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。

雅思阅读逻辑关系解读

篇1：雅思阅读逻辑关系解读

剑雅真题实例解析 ,雅思阅读逻辑关系

在雅思阅读的比较逻辑关系中，比较级是常见的论证方式，但是类比和对比也是英语文章中非常常见的论证手段，一般涉及到单个事物或若干个事物之间的比较，但这两种方法却有着本质上的不同。

类比(compare)强调两个对象的相似点，比如A和B的相同点是什么。而对比(contrast)则强调两个对象的不同点，比如A很高B却很低。

接下来，让我们从剑桥真题中看看，有哪些考点会涉及到类比和对比。

类比连接词

similarly, be similar to, as, like, alike，likewise, corresponding to, equal, identical, same, by the same token, the same is true of , in the same way, resemble，agree，share，harmony，compare to/with …, comparable

例题1 题目 C521 Q1 填空

Some plastics behave in a similar way to __________ in that they melt under heat and can be moulded into new forms.

文章 P2

Some are ‘thermoplastic’, which means that, like candlewax, they melt when heated and can be reshaped.

翻译：

有些塑料是“热塑型”的，这意味着，它们像蜡烛一样，会在加热时会融化，然后就可以重新塑形。

解析：

定位后，利用题中类比词in a similar way to, 可以找到文中对应词like, 也就是统一替换，答案就是candlewax了。

例题2 题目 C442 Q27 填空

However, as archaeologists do not try to influence human behaviour, the writer compares their style of working to that of a __________.

文章 Last Paragraph：

The objects the archaeologists discover, on the other hand, tell us nothing directly in themselves. In this respect, the practice of the archaeologist is rather like that of the scientist, who collects data, conducts experiments, formulates a hypothesis, tests the hypothesis against more data…

翻译：

另一方面，考古学家发现的这些物体本身并没有告诉我们什么。从这个方面说来，考古学家的实践经历跟科学家非常像，他们收集数据，操作实验，制定假说，用假说检验更多的数据。

解析：

审题时重点关注题中类比词compare ... to …，定位后，可以找到文中替换词rather like, 答案即 scientist。

例题3 题目 C10’11 Q11 表格填空

Looks more like a __________ than a well.

文章：

It actually resembles a tank (kund means reservoir or pond) rather than a well, but displays the hallmarks of step well architecture, including four sides of steps that decend to the bottom in a stunning geometrical formation.

翻译：

它实际上长的像一个水库(kund意味着水库或池塘)而不是一个井，但却展示了梯井结构的特点，包括下降到底部的四个阶梯面，这四面拥有着绝美的几何对称图案。

解析：

审题时关注类比词like，定位后，发现resemble，意思相当于look like, 答案呼之欲出 tank.

.对比连接词

while, however, nevertheless，otherwise，whereas, in contrast, on the contrary, rather than, instead of, conversely, unlike，different, incompatible, conflicting, change, vary, in opposition to, distinguish...from.. ，be distinct from sth…

例题1 题目 C10’23 Q37 判断

The approach of art historians conflicts with that of art museums.

文章：

Consequently, the dominant critical approach becomes that of the art historian, a specialised academic approach devoted to discovering the meaning of art within the cultural context of its time. This is in perfect harmony with the museum’s function.

翻译：

因此，主流的批判方法成为艺术史学家的批判方式，这是一种专门的学术方法，致力于发现在当时的文化背景下艺术的意义。这与博物馆的功能达到了完美一致。

解析：

审题时获取考点词conflict，正是对比连接词，定位后发现in harmony with，意思是“与……协调、一致”，所以二者并非矛盾，而是一致的，因此答案选NO。

例题2 题目 C11’32 Q18 判断

Dingle’s aim is to distinguish between the migratory behaviours of different species.

文章：

The value of his definition, Dingle argues, is that it focuses attention on what the phenomenon of wildebeest migration shares with the phenomenon of the aphids, and therefore helps guide researchers towards understanding how evolution has produced them all.

翻译：

Dingle认为，他定义的价值在于它将注意力集中于在牛羚迁徙现象与蚜虫迁徙现象的共同点上，因而有助于指导研究人员了解进化是如何将它们制造出来的。

解析：

审题关注到判断题对比词aim is to distinguish，定位后，对应到原文中的focuses attention on，发现类比词share，表示“共享，公用”，与题目的distinguish“区分”意思冲突，所以答案选择FALSE。

一般来说，阅读方面通过句子意思、句子关系、段落意思、段落关系的方法来理解文章的逻辑和要表达的观点非常关键。

关于逻辑关系的利用在剑桥真题实例不胜枚举，雅思阅读当中涉及到的比较级考点的题目还是很多的，建议大家在平时训练的时候，认真分析、总结并利用这些策略。

雅思阅读模拟练习及答案

Rogue theory of smell gets a boost

1. A controversial theory of how we smell, which claims that our fine sense of odour depends on quantum mechanics, has been given the thumbs up by a team of physicists.

2. Calculations by researchers at University College London (UCL) show that the idea that we smell odour molecules by sensing their molecular vibrations makes sense in terms of the physics involved.

3. That's still some way from proving that the theory, proposed in the mid-1990s by biophysicist Luca Turin, is correct. But it should make other scientists take the idea more seriously.

4. “This is a big step forward,” says Turin, who has now set up his own perfume company Flexitral in Virginia. He says that since he published his theory, “it has been ignored rather than criticized.”

5. Most scientists have assumed that our sense of smell depends on receptors in the nose detecting the shape of incoming molecules, which triggers a signal to the brain. This molecular 'lock and key' process is thought to lie behind a wide range of the body's detection systems: it is how some parts of the immune system recognise invaders, for example, and how the tongue recognizes some tastes.

6. But Turin argued that smell doesn't seem to fit this picture very well. Molecules that look almost identical can smell very different — such as alcohols, which smell like spirits, and thiols, which smell like rotten eggs. And molecules with very different structures can smell similar. Most strikingly, some molecules can smell different — to animals, if not necessarily to humans — simply because they contain different isotopes (atoms that are chemically identical but have a different mass).

7. Turin's explanation for these smelly facts invokes the idea that the smell signal in olfactory receptor proteins is triggered not by an odour molecule's shape, but by its vibrations, which can enourage an electron to jump between two parts of the receptor in a quantum-mechanical process called tunnelling. This electron movement could initiate the smell signal being sent to the brain.

8. This would explain why isotopes can smell different: their vibration frequencies are changed if the atoms are heavier. Turin's mechanism, says Marshall Stoneham of the UCL team, is more like swipe-card identification than a key fitting a lock.

9. Vibration-assisted electron tunnelling can undoubtedly occur — it is used in an experimental technique for measuring molecular vibrations. “The question is whether this is possible in the nose,” says Stoneham's colleague, Andrew Horsfield.

10. Stoneham says that when he first heard about Turin's idea, while Turin was himself based at UCL, “I didn't believe it”. But, he adds, “because it was an interesting idea, I thought I should prove it couldn't work. I did some simple calculations, and only then began to feel Luca could be right.” Now Stoneham and his co-workers have done the job more thoroughly, in a paper soon to be published in Physical Review Letters.

11. The UCL team calculated the rates of electron hopping in a nose receptor that has an odorant molecule bound to it. This rate depends on various properties of the biomolecular system that are not known, but the researchers could estimate these parameters based on typical values for molecules of this sort.

12. The key issue is whether the hopping rate with the odorant in place is significantly greater than that without it. The calculations show that it is — which means that odour identification in this way seems theoretically possible.

13. But Horsfield stresses that that's different from a proof of Turin's idea. “So far things look plausible, but we need proper experimental verification. We're beginning to think about what experiments could be performed.”

14. Meanwhile, Turin is pressing ahead with his hypothesis. “At Flexitral we have been designing odorants exclusively on the basis of their computed vibrations,” he says. “Our success rate at odorant discovery is two orders of magnitude better than the competition.” At the very least, he is putting his money where his nose is.

雅思阅读模拟练习及答案。

From The Economist print edition

How shops can exploit people’s herd mentality to increase sales

1. A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (that is， how ants， bees or any social animal， including humans， behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy.

2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome， Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani， a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology， described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance， by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store， forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes， also of the Florida Institute of Technology， set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that， if a certain product is seen to be popular， shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying.

3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani’s supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag， a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information， and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods， a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high， he is more likely to select it too.

4. Mr Usmani’s “swarm-moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts. And it gives shoppers the satisfaction of knowing that they bought the “right” product—that is， the one everyone else bought. The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world， mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal-Mart in America and Tesco in Britain are interested in his work， and testing will get under way in the spring.

5. Another recent study on the power of social influence indicates that sales could， indeed， be boosted in this way. Matthew Salganik of Columbia University in New York and his colleagues have described creating an artificial music market in which some 14，000 people downloaded previously unknown songs. The researchers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they had been downloaded， they followed the crowd. When the songs were not ordered by rank， but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed， the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so.

6. In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies. The shops sell only the most popular items in each product category， and the rankings are updated weekly. Icosystem， a company in Cambridge， Massachusetts， also aims to exploit knowledge of social networking to improve sales.

7. And the psychology that works in physical stores is just as potent on the internet. Online retailers such as Amazon are adept at telling shoppers which products are popular with like-minded consumers. Even in the privacy of your home， you can still be part of the swarm.

Questions 1-6

Complete the sentences below with words taken from the reading passage. Use NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

1. Shopowners realize that the smell of _______________ can increase sales of food products.

2. In shops， products shelved at a more visible level sell better even if they are more _______________.

3. According to Mr. Usmani， with the use of “swarm intelligence” phenomenon， a new method can be applied to encourage _______________.

4. On the way to everyday items at the back of the store， shoppers might be tempted to buy _______________.

5. If the number of buyers shown on the _______________ is high， other customers tend to follow them.

6. Using the “swarm-moves” model， shopowners do not have to give customers _______________ to increase sales.

Questions 7-12

Do the following statements agree with the information given in the reading passage? For questions 7-12 write

YES if the statement agrees with the information

NO if the statement contraicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this in the passage

7. Radio frequency identification technology has been installed experimentally in big supermarkets like Wal-Mart.

8. People tend to download more unknown songs than songs they are familiar with.

9. Songs ranked high by the number of times being downloaded are favored by customers.

10. People follow the others to the same extent whether it is convenient or not.

11. Items sold in some Japanese stores are simply chosen according to the sales data of other shops.

12. Swarm intelligence can also be observed in everyday life.

Answer keys：

1. 答案：(freshly baked) bread. (第1段第2 行：Shoppers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they intended.)

2. 答案：expensive. (第1段第4 行： Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors.)

3. 答案：impulse buying. (第2段第1 句：At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome， Zeeshan- ul- hassan Usmani， a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology， described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon.)

4. 答案：other (tempting) goods/things/products. (第2段第2 句：Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted： for instance， by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store， forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them.)

5. 答案：screen. (第3段第4 行：As a customer walks past a shelf of goods， a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. If the number is high， he is more likely to select it too.)

6. 答案：discounts. (第4段第第1句：Mr Usmani’s “swarm- moves” model appeals to supermarkets because it increases sales without the need to give people discounts.)

7. 答案：NO. (第4段第3、4 句：The model has not yet been tested widely in the real world， mainly because radio frequency identification technology is new and has only been installed experimentally in some supermarkets. But Mr Usmani says that both Wal- Mart in America an Tesco in Britain are interestd in his workd， and testing will get under way in the spring. 短语 “get under way”的意思是“开始进行”，在Wal-Mart的试验要等到春天才开始)

8. 答案：NOT GIVEN. (在文中没有提及该信息)

9. 答案：YES。 (第5段第3 句：The reseachers found that when people could see the songs ranked by how many times they have been downloaded， they followed the crowd.)

10. 答案：NO。 (第5段最后两句：When the songs are not ordered by rank， but the number of times they had been downloaded was displayed， the effect of social influence was still there but was less pronounced. People thus follow the herd when it is easy for them to do so. pronounced 的词义是“显著的、明显的”)

11. 答案：YES。 (第6段第1 句：In Japan a chain of convenience shops called RanKing RanQueen has been ordering its products according to sales data from department stores and research companies.)

12. 答案：YES。 (最后一段最后一句：Even in the privacy of your home， you can still be part of the swarm. home应该算是everyday life的一部分

篇2：雅思阅读逻辑关系

雅思阅读逻辑关系

类比(compare)强调两个对象的相似点，比如A和B的相同点是什么。而对比(contrast)则强调两个对象的不同点，比如A很高B却很低。

接下来，让我们从剑桥真题中看看，有哪些考点会涉及到类比和对比。

类比连接词

例题1 题目 C521 Q1 填空

Some plastics behave in a similar way to __________ in that they melt under heat and can be moulded into new forms.

文章 P2

Some are ‘thermoplastic’, which means that, like candlewax, they melt when heated and can be reshaped.

翻译：

有些塑料是“热塑型”的，这意味着，它们像蜡烛一样，会在加热时会融化，然后就可以重新塑形。

解析：

定位后，利用题中类比词in a similar way to, 可以找到文中对应词like, 也就是统一替换，答案就是candlewax了。

例题2 题目 C442 Q27 填空

However, as archaeologists do not try to influence human behaviour, the writer compares their style of working to that of a __________.

文章 Last Paragraph：

翻译：

解析：

审题时重点关注题中类比词compare ... to …，定位后，可以找到文中替换词rather like, 答案即 scientist。

例题3 题目 C10’11 Q11 表格填空

Looks more like a __________ than a well.

文章：

翻译：

解析：

审题时关注类比词like，定位后，发现resemble，意思相当于look like, 答案呼之欲出 tank.

对比连接词

例题1 题目 C10’23 Q37 判断

The approach of art historians conflicts with that of art museums.

文章：

翻译：

解析：

审题时获取考点词conflict，正是对比连接词，定位后发现in harmony with，意思是“与……协调、一致”，所以二者并非矛盾，而是一致的，因此答案选NO。

例题2 题目 C11’32 Q18 判断

Dingle’s aim is to distinguish between the migratory behaviours of different species.

文章：

翻译：

解析：

一般来说，阅读方面通过句子意思、句子关系、段落意思、段落关系的方法来理解文章的逻辑和要表达的观点非常关键。

雅思阅读材料：出题特点及解题步骤

一、出题特点

1. 永远位于文章之前

段落标题配对题是的一个位于文章之前的题型，这意味着考官建议考生事先完成这种题型。因为对文章主旨的把握有助于考生更好地寻找文章中的细节。

2. 选项以短语形式出现，数量大于段落数，且为乱序

在 List of headings 中，选项都是以一个短语的形式出现的，考生需要从中选出最能够概括一个段落大意或者主要内容的短语。出于干扰的需要，选项中一定会有若干干扰选项，需要考生去鉴别。另外选项全部是打乱顺序的，即与文章的顺序不一致。

3. 个别题目中会有示例;选项不可能重复使用

个别文章中，题目中会有一个 Example ，会提示某一段的答案。由于选项不可能出现一个选项使用两次的情况，因此这个给出的答案即可以排除。

二、解题步骤

1. 浏览文章

如果文章有标题、副标题、图片、小标题，则必须在做题之前仔细进行阅读，因为这些内容往往暗示了文章的主题，这对于考生把握全文大意、排除干扰选项会有一定的帮助。

2. 划掉示例中的选项

由于选项不可能被重复使用，因此 Example 中的选项不可能再次出现，故没有必要浪费时间去阅读这部分内容。所以直接在这个选项上划叉即可。另外，对于某些记忆力不好的考生来说，也可以把这个选项所对应的段落做上记号，以免误读从而浪费时间。

3. 阅读所有选项，标出关键词

由于选项是乱序，因此如果先读文章再去找选项，就有可能出现每读一个段落，就要通读一遍所有的选项这样的问题，发现把所有的选项读了数遍。因此，建议考生在阅读文章之前就先把所有选项仔细阅读一遍，并且划出关键词以便记忆。

雅思阅读材料：如何经营持久的爱情

If you’re in a long term relationship or marriage, you know that it’s not always easy to keep that warm glow of freshness and excitement alive in your relationship.

假如你有固定伴侣，或早已迈入婚姻殿堂，你便能体会到：在感情中，若想保持起初的新鲜和刺激感，可不是一件容易的事。

After the first bout of heady romantic love is gone, everyday sameness settles into any relationship.

当最初那阵令人迷醉又转瞬即逝的浪漫散去，你们的小日子里便渐渐开始被日复一日的枯燥所占据了。

And unless you’re making conscious efforts to keep things hot, soon boredom and tedium takes the shine off one of the most special relationships of your life, making it feel like just another chore. So what are these conscious efforts that you can make?

除非刻意保持新鲜感，否则这段生命中最特别的关系将会被无聊和单调抹去它原有的光辉，使你厌倦不堪。那么，该如何来有意识地避免这种事发生?

Here are some of the tricks my husband and I frequently use to keep things as new and happening as our first few days.

我和我的丈夫是通过以下的几个小技巧，来保持两人间的新鲜感的。

1. Surprise Surprise!

惊喜!惊喜!

Couples spend weeks – sometimes months – planning for the next birthday/anniversary gift for their spouse/significant other.

通常，俩口子会一起计划下一个生日/纪念日怎么过，以及送给对方什么礼物。这事儿可能要花上几星期、甚至几个月来完成。

Have you ever thought how you can magically sweep your partner off their feet with a fraction of that effort on an ordinary day?

不过，你有没有想过在一个平凡的日子里，突然给对方一个大惊喜呢?

Nothing works like giving tiny, simple – and most importantly, unexpected – surprises to each other in keeping the air of freshness and novelty in your relationship.

若想帮助情感保鲜，没什么比送给对方一个出其不意又意义重大的小礼物更好的办法了。

2. Romantic texts

发浪漫短信

A great thing about those “I miss you kitten” texts you used to send each other in the initial days of your relationship is the juvenile excitement in them.

我们在恋爱初期，之所以钟情于互发“想你啦，宝贝”之类的短信，是因为它能带给我们一种青涩的甜蜜。

You need that back right now. OK, it may not be 10 times a day like back then – but can you text him/her randomly, suddenly and romantically on some random ordinary day?

现在的你们也需要它。没必要像以前那样，一发就十几条，但你也可以在平日里偶尔“肉麻”一下嘛。

The smile it brings on their lips will spread its glow for quite some time in your relationship – until the next time you do the same, that is.

当你的爱人看到短信，他们不自觉的微笑将蔓延开来，为你们的感情增添一道明亮色彩。如此反复，爱将日益坚固。

篇3：雅思阅读7大逻辑关系

雅思阅读7大逻辑关系-判断题中的比较逻辑

在很多烤鸭的眼中，当阅读题干出现比较关系时，就很容易在 FALSE 与 NOT GIVEN 之间傻傻分不清楚。

或者认为，如果答案为TRUE，就一定意味着原文出现比较级或最高级。但事实如此吗?

Of course not.

实际上，在阅读题目当中，比较关系有显性和隐性之分，直接出现比较级的形式只是显性比较关系的体现。

除此之外，还有一些隐性比较关系的情况会出现在题目当中。今天，我们来罗列以下三种情况：动词、数值以及变化。

1. 动词

一般情况下，表示上升下降类型的动词也可以表达比较关系。

例：

题目：There are more people than before.

原文：The population is increasing.

这道题目的答案很显然是true。虽然原文并没有直接出现比较级，但是increase这个趋势性的动词体现出了人口一直增长的含义，意味着靠后时间的人口数量一定大于靠前时间的人口数量，比较关系成立。

同样的道理，如果原文表示的是The population is decreasing，而题目信息表示There are fewer people than before，这个对应关系仍然成立。

2. 数值

除了动词的对应之外，出现不同数字的罗列也可以表达比较关系。

例：

题目：A is older than B.

原文：A is 2 years old and B is 3 years old.

这个例子也非常简单，答案是False。

在题干信息中出现了关于年龄大小的比较级，而原文只是出现了两个不同的年龄数字。

但是这个简单数字大小的对比结果对于大家而言都是显而易见的。

3. 变化

在了解了动词和数字所对应的比较情况后，我们再来看一看变化类的词，所体现的比较考点。

例：

题目：The population has changed.

原文：There are more people than before.

这道题目区别于之前的例题，在题干信息中只体现了变化的概念，但是变化性对应到原文当中，可能会出现比较级或是其他比较关系的对应。

比如，在上述例题中，原文中表示现在的人比过去的人多，题目表示人数发生了变化，这类信息对应关系成立，答案为True。

所以总结一下：比较考点是雅思阅读判断题最常见的考点之一，甚至在诸如配对题这样的难题中也十分常见。

很多同学在做题时，会盲目认为比较级是比较关系的唯一体现。

但事实上，除了比较级这种显性的比较关系之外，还有一部分诸如动词、数值对比以及变化性词汇的使用，都有可能对应比较关系。

大家在备考的时候一定要注意拓展自己的思维，了解核心逻辑考点，同时掌握重要逻辑关系在不同题型中的作用，不要被原文固定化的思路局限，影响答题噢~~

最后：如果大家感觉自己备考毫无章法，可以来参加桃子老师的免费训练营，每天不仅有老师精挑细选的题型做练习，还可以听各科公开课进行学习，孤军奋战不如和一群同在备考一线的小伙伴一起备考哦~

雅思阅读精读 | When new grows old

When new grows old (1)

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Artists working with technology struggle to stay current

In 1968 the Institute of Contemporary Arts in London held an exhibition called “Cybernetic Serendipity”， Britain’s first show exploring connections between art and new technology.

It was hugely popular and in hindsight, well timed.

It coincided with two crucial developments in the relationship between art and technology: the pop-art movement, which was demolishing boundaries between high art and everyday life，and ARPANET， the computer-to-computer network which would become the internet.

The internet has continued to erode established notions of what qualifies as art,and who can claim to be an artist.

New categories flourish: net.art，new media art， the New Aesthetic， internet art, post-internet art.

Online-only sales and exhibitions are increasingly common, as is art existing solely in digital form，bought and sold through websites such as Electric Objects (on a mission “to put digital art on a wall in every home”).

Successful careers and expensive collections are built using social media, such as Instagram， the image- and video-sharing app that has users posting 80m photographs a day.

“Electronic Superhighway”, a new show at the White chapel Gallery in London,

looks at how artist shave responded to technology and change.

The exhibition, which takes its name from a phrase coined in 1974 by Nam June Paik, a video artist，to describe the potential of telecommunication systems, is arranged in reverse chronological order.

This calls particular attention to how quickly technologies become obsolete，and how art tied to those forms ages with it.

词汇与表达

hindsight

understanding the nature of an event after it has happened

n. 后见之明

coincide with

meet with

符合

demolish

destroy completely

vt. 破坏

erode

become ground down or deteriorate

vt. 腐蚀，侵蚀

qualify

prove capable or fit; meet requirements

vi. 取得资格，有资格

claim to be

regard oneself as

自称

phrase

an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence

n. 短语

coin

make up

vt. 杜撰，创造

telecommunication system

a communication system for communicating at a distance

通信系统

chronological

relating to or arranged according to temporal order

adj. 按年代顺序排列的

obsolete

old; no longer in use or valid or fashionable

adj. 废弃的;老式的

长句翻译

Successful careers and expensive collections are built using social media，such as Instagram，the image- and video-sharing app that has users posting 80m photographs a day.

语法点：

定语从句

翻译：

通过社交媒体，比如Instagram，一种用户每天会上传8千万照片的图像和视频分享软件，许多成功的事业和高昂的展览都发展起来了。

雅思考试阅读理解备考辅导

A Canary in the Coal Mine

The Arctic seems to be getting warmer. So what?

A. “Climate change in the Arctic is a reality now!” So insists Robert Corell， an oceanographer with the American Meteorological Society. Wild-eyed proclamations are all too common when it comes to global warming， but in this case his assertion seems well founded.

B. At first sight， the ACIA’s (American Construction Inspectors Association) report’s conclusions are not so surprising. After all， scientists have long suspected that several factors lead to greater temperature swings at the poles than elsewhere on the planet. One is albedo — the posh scientific name for how much sunlight is absorbed by a planet’s surface， and how much is reflected. Most of the Polar Regions are covered in snow and ice， which are much more reflective than soil or ocean. If that snow melts， the exposure of dark earth (which absorbs heat) acts as a feedback loop that accelerates warming. A second factor that makes the poles special is that the atmosphere is thinner there than at the equator， and so less energy is required to warm it up. A third factor is that less solar energy is lost in evaporation at the frigid poles than in the steamy tropics.

C. And yet the language of this week’s report is still eye-catching： “the Arctic is now experiencing some of the most rapid and severe climate change on Earth.” The last authoritative assessment of the topic was done by the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in . That report made headlines by predicting a rise in sea level of between 10cm (four inches) and 90cm， and a temperature rise of between 1.4°C and 5.8°C over this century. However， its authors did not feel confident in predicting either rapid polar warming or the speedy demise of the Greenland ice sheet. Pointing to evidence gathered since the IPCC report， this week’s report suggests trouble lies ahead.

D. The ACIA reckons that in recent decades average temperatures have increased almost twice as fast in the Arctic as they have in the rest of the world. Skeptics argue that there are places， such as the high latitudes of the Greenland ice sheet and some buoys at sea， where temperatures seem to have fallen. On the other hand， there are also places， such as parts of Alaska， where they have risen far faster than average. Robin Bell， a geophysicist at Columbia University who was not involved in the report’s compilation， believes that such conflicting local trends point to the value of the international， interdisciplinary approach of this week’s report. As he observes， “climate change， like the weather， can be patchy and you can get fooled unless you look at the whole picture.”

E. And there is other evidence of warming to bolster the ACIA’s case. For example， the report documents the widespread melting of glaciers and of sea ice， a trend already making life miserable for the polar bears and seals that depend on that ice. It also notes a shortening of the snow season. The most worrying finding， however， is the evidence — still preliminary — that the Greenland ice sheet may be melting faster than previously thought.

F. That points to one reason the world should pay attention to this week’s report. Like a canary in a coal mine， the hypersensitive Polar Regions may well experience the full force of global warming before the rest of the planet does. However， there is a second and bigger reason to pay attention. An unexpectedly rapid warming of the Arctic could also lead directly to greater climate change elsewhere on the planet.

G. Arctic warming may influence the global climate in several ways. One is that huge amounts of methane， a particularly potent greenhouse gas， are stored in the permafrost of the tundra. Although a thaw would allow forests to invade the tundra， which would tend to ameliorate any global warming that is going on (since trees capture carbon dioxide， the greenhouse gas most talked about in the context of climate change)， a melting of the permafrost might also lead to a lot of trapped methane being released into the atmosphere， more than offsetting the cooling effects of the new forests.

H. Another worry is that Arctic warming will influence ocean circulation in ways that are not fully understood. One link in the chain is the salinity of seawater， which is decreasing in the north Atlantic thanks to an increase in glacial melt waters. “Because fresh water and salt water have different densities， this ‘freshening’ of the ocean could change circulation patterns.” said Dr. Thomson， a British climate expert. “The most celebrated risk is to the mid-Atlantic Conveyor Belt， a current which brings warm water from the tropics to north-western Europe， and which is responsible for that region’s unusually mild winters，” he added. Some of the ACIA’s experts are fretting over evidence of reduced density and salinity in waters near the Arctic that could adversely affect this current.

I. The biggest popular worry， though， is that melting Arctic ice could lead to a dramatic rise in sea level. Here， a few caveats are needed. For a start， much of the ice in the Arctic is floating in the sea already. Archimedes’s principle shows that the melting of this ice will make no immediate difference to the sea’s level， although it would change its albedo. Second， if land ice， such as that covering Greenland， does melt in large quantities， the process will take centuries. And third， although the experts are indeed worried that global warming might cause the oceans to rise， the main way they believe this will happen is by thermal expansion of the water itself.

J. Nevertheless， there is some cause for nervousness. As the ACIA researchers document， there are signs that the massive Greenland ice sheet might be melting more rapidly than was thought a few years ago. Cracks in the sheet appear to be allowing melt water to trickle to its base， explains Michael Oppenheimer， a climatologist at Princeton University who was not one of the report’s authors. That water may act as a lubricant， speeding up the sheet’s movement into the sea. If the entire sheet melted， the sea might rise by 6-7 meters. But when will this kind of disastrous ice disintegration really happen? While acknowledging it this century is still an unlikely outcome， Dr. Oppenheimer argues that the evidence of the past few years suggests it is more likely to happen over the next few centuries if the world does not reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. He worries that an accelerating Arctic warming trend may yet push the ice melt beyond an “irreversible on / off switch”.

K. That is scary stuff， but some scientists remain unimpressed. Patrick Michaels， a climatologist at the University of Virginia， complains about the ACIA’s data selection， which he believes may have produced evidence of “spurious warming”. He also points out， in a new book， that even if Arctic temperatures are rising， that need not lead directly to the ice melting. As he puts it， “Under global warming， Greenland’s ice indeed might grow， especially if the warming occurs mostly in winter. After all， warming the air ten degrees when the temperature is dozens of degrees below freezing is likely to increase snowfall， since warmer air is generally moister and precipitates more water.”

L. Nils-Axel Morner， a Swedish climate expert based at Stockholm University， points out that observed rises in sea levels have not matched the IPCC’s forecasts. Since this week’s report relies on many such IPCC assumptions， he concludes it must be wrong. Others acknowledge that there is a warming trend in the Arctic， but insist that the cause is natural variability and not the burning of fossil fuels. Such folk point to the extraordinarily volatile history of Arctic temperatures. These varied， often suddenly， long before sport-utility vehicles were invented. However， some evidence also shows that the past few millennia have been a period of unusual stability in the Arctic. It is just possible that the current period of warming could tip the delicate Arctic climate system out of balance， and so drag the rest of the planet with it.

M. Not everybody wants to hear a story like that. But what people truly believe is happening can be seen in their actions better than in their words. One of the report’s most confident predictions is that the breakup of Arctic ice will open the region to long-distance shipping and， ironically， to drilling for oil and gas. It is surely no coincidence， then， that the Danish government， which controls Greenland， has just declared its intention to claim the mineral rights under the North Pole. It， at least， clearly believes that the Arctic ocean may soon be ice-free.

篇4：雅思阅读精读别样解读

雅思阅读精读别样解读多精才算精?

雅思考试任一科目拿高分都绝非易事，靠的不只是答题技巧，更需要有扎实的基础。对于雅思阅读来说，剑4-12刷2篇也不能保证你拿高分，但是如果在刷题之外，再认认真真精读10-20篇阅读文章则高分则十拿九稳。

首先怎么界定你的阅读是否够“精“呢?一个简单的衡量标准就是，你学得越累，学习的效果就越好。很扎心吧，但是这个衡量方式很有道理。你学得累，证明你调动的认知资源更多，花费的精力更多，专注度更高，因此学习效果自然更好。比如一篇文章，浮光掠影的大致泛读与逐句翻译相比，当然是翻译在时间精力上的花费更大。

泛读的时候很多宝宝感觉已经读懂了文章大致，但是在逐句分析、精读、甚至背诵的时候，你就会发现词汇的用法，句子成分的分析，甚至是上下文背景的交代等细节，你还存在大量无法全面理解的知识点。这也体现出了精读的重要性。

精读的方向主要有两个，第一个是reading for learning，也就是说通过精读而让你的英语变得更好，这也是大多数宝宝在学英语中经历的环节。第二个方向是learning for reading, 也就是学习如何进行阅读，更多的是学习一些阅读方式以及技巧。这两种最常见的阅读方向分别如何进行精读呢?

雅思阅读精读方法之reading for learning

先说大家最熟悉的环节。雅思阅读的精读步骤是什么?首先，严格按照考试要求和时间把题目做完。也就是说，你可以20分钟做完一篇文章的题目，也可以用1小时把三篇题目一气呵成。做完之后当然要对一对答案，把错误标注出来。

第二步，开始对文本进行研读。研读过程中完成两件事：第一，整理文章出现的核心词汇与话题词汇(尤其是你经常见到但是还不认识的);第二，对照中文翻译文本进行逐句研读。方法是：先看一遍英文，脑子里过一下这句英文该怎么翻译;然后去看正确的中文翻译，检视一下你的翻译与正确翻译有多大出处;最后再看一遍英文原句，理顺一下句子成分。当你完成整篇文章的逐句研读后，你对文章的细节理解应该已经非常透彻了。当然如果你还有余力，你可以分析一下句间关系和段间关系，句子之间与段落之间的衔接方法。

第三步，分析题目。当你完整把握了全文细节以及结构之后，在仔细研究每道题的出处考点以及设问方式。当然你也可以借助很多雅思参考书中的提干解析。

第四步，也是最重要的一个步骤，英译汉逐句翻译。在文章中挑选3-5段你认为理解困难度最高的段落进行“落笔逐句翻译”。不管你是写在纸上还是打在word里，这个环节都一定不能省略。你会发现，即使你已经对着翻译文本逐句进行精读了，你在逐词落笔翻译中依然会对这句话的用词、句式、成分以及整个段落构成有新的认识。

第五步，不是必须要求，但是却能够快速拔升你的阅读乃至整个英语能力：背诵段落。选取你落笔翻译过的难段进行背诵，注意背诵的目的不是为了把他们用在写作或者口语考试里，否则难度太大，也会显得很突兀。背诵过程最重要培养的是你的英语思维能力。

以上就是reading for learning精读方式的5大步骤，总结起来就是做题目对答案——对照译文逐句精读——分析题目与答案——选段落笔翻译——选段背诵。

雅思阅读精读方法之learning for reading

learning for reading方向的精读方法，更加针对于阅读能力的集中提升，而非整个的语言能力。方法很简单。首先拿到一篇文章，先看它的题目，然后来个prediction，自己分析行文中可能会包括哪些内容。

举个栗子，一篇名为Jonsson’s dictionary 的文章，你尽量全面的猜测文章中会涉及到哪些内容。比如对Jonsson这个人的介绍，背景、学历、身份等，对dictionary的介绍，比如什么时候出版的，有什么特点，作者是谁，等等。

罗列出你的预测内容点之后再阅读文章，同时判断你的预测哪些在文中提到了，哪些是not given。所有你预测成功的内容，试着做一下段落matching，也就是说这些预测内容分别出现在文中的哪几段。最后有余力的宝宝们可以试试自己做一个summary，进行一下句子的改写。怎么改写?直接看学姐发给大家的雅思同义替换词学学套路。

大家发现了吗，这一系列的流程结束后，雅思阅读中的高频题型能力你都得到了提升。这也就是所谓的learning for reading。

精读也许很耗时，但是效果却很显著。学姐强烈建议备考的宝宝用心试一个月，你会看到很明显的阅读能力的提升。还等什么，动起来!

家带来的《雅思阅读精读别样解读多精才算精?》的全部内容。想让自己的复习过程高效科学，让自己的考试从容优雅，答题速度快成闪电，正确率高过喜马拉雅，请持续关注小站雅思频道。祝与雅思一战即分道扬镳。

雅思阅读素材积累：Game lessons

It sounds like a cop-out, but the future of schooling may lie with video games

SINCE the beginning of mass education, schools have relied on what is known in educational circles as “chalk and talk”. Chalk and blackboard may sometimes be replaced by felt-tip pens and a whiteboard, and electronics in the form of computers may sometimes be bolted on, but the idea of a pedagogue leading his pupils more or less willingly through a day based on periods of study of recognisable academic disciplines, such as mathematics, physics, history, geography and whatever the local language happens to be, has rarely been abandoned.

Abandoning it, though, is what Katie Salen hopes to do. Ms Salen is a games designer and a professor of design and technology at Parsons The New School for Design, in New York. She is also the moving spirit behind Quest to Learn, a new, taxpayer-funded school in that city which is about to open its doors to pupils who will never suffer the indignity of snoring through double French but will, rather, spend their entire days playing games.

Quest to Learn draws on many roots. One is the research of James Gee of the University of Wisconsin. In Dr Gee published a book called “What Video Games Have to Teach Us About Learning and Literacy”, in which he argued that playing such games helps people develop a sense of identity, grasp meaning, learn to follow commands and even pick role models. Another is the MacArthur Foundation's digital media and learning initiative, which began in and which has acted as a test-bed for some of Ms Salen's ideas about educational-games design. A third is the success of the Bank Street School for Children, an independent primary school in New York that practises what its parent, the nearby Bank Street College of Education, preaches in the way of interdisciplinary teaching methods and the encouragement of pupil collaboration.

Ms Salen is, in effect, seeking to mechanise Bank Street's methods by transferring much of the pedagogic effort from the teachers themselves (who will now act in an advisory role) to a set of video games that she and her colleagues have devised. Instead of chalk and talk, children learn by doing—and do so in a way that tears up the usual subject-based curriculum altogether.

Periods of maths, science, history and so on are no more. Quest to Learn's school day will, rather, be divided into four 90-minute blocks devoted to the study of “domains”. Such domains include Codeworlds (a combination of mathematics and English), Being, Space and Place (English and social studies), The Way Things Work (maths and science) and Sports for the Mind (game design and digital literacy). Each domain concludes with a two-week examination called a “Boss Level”—a common phrase in video-game parlance.

Freeing the helots

In one of the units of Being, Space and Place, for example, pupils take on the role of an ancient Spartan who has to assess Athenian strengths and recommend a course of action. In doing so, they learn bits of history, geography and public policy. In a unit of The Way Things Work, they try to inhabit the minds of scientists devising a pathway for a beam of light to reach a target. This lesson touches on maths, optics—and, the organisers hope, creative thinking and teamwork. Another Way-Things-Work unit asks pupils to imagine they are pyramid-builders in ancient Egypt. This means learning about maths and engineering, and something about the country's religion and geography.

Whether things will work the way Ms Salen hopes will, itself, take a few years to find out. The school plans to admit pupils at the age of 12 and keep them until they are 18, so the first batch will not leave until . If it fails, traditionalists will no doubt scoff at the idea that teaching through playing games was ever seriously entertained. If it succeeds, though, it will provide a model that could make chalk and talk redundant. And it will have shown that in education, as in other fields of activity, it is not enough just to apply new technologies to existing processes—for maximum effect you have to apply them in new and imaginative ways.

雅思阅读素材积累：The screw tightens

ONE can almost hear the gates clanging: one after the other the sources of funding for Europe's banks are being shut. It is a result of the highly visible run on Europe's government bond markets, which today reached the heart of the euro zone: an auction of new German bonds failed to generate enough demand for the full amount, causing a drop in bond prices (and prompting the Bundesbank to buy 39% of the bonds offered, according to Reuters).

Now another run—more hidden, but potentially more dangerous—is taking place: on the continents' banks. People are not yet queuing up in front of bank branches (except in Latvia's capital Riga where savers today were trying to withdraw money from Krajbanka, a mid-sized bank, pictured). But billions of euros are flooding out of Europe's banking system through bond and money markets.

At best, the result may be a credit crunch that leaves businesses unable to get loans and invest. At worst, some banks may fail—and trigger real bank runs in countries whose shaky public finances have left them ill equipped to prop up their financial institutions.

To make loans, banks need funding. For this, they mainly tap into three sources: long-term bonds, deposits from consumers, and short-term loans from money markets as well as other banks. Bond issues and short-term funding have been seizing up as the panic over government bonds has spread to banks (which themselves are large holders of government bonds). This blockage has been made worse by tighter capital regulations that are encouraging banks to cut lending (instead of raising capital).

Markets for bank bonds were the first to freeze. In the third quarter bonds issues by European banks only reached 15% of the amount they raised over the same period in the past two years, reckon analysts at Citi Group. It is unlikely that European banks have sold many more bonds since.

Short-term funding markets were next to dry up. Hardest hit were European banks that need dollars to finance world trade (more than one third of which is funded by European banks, according to Barclays). American money market funds, in particular, have pulled back from Europe. Loans to French banks have plunged 69% since the end of May and nearly 20% over the past month alone, according to Fitch, a ratings agency. Over the past six months, it reckons, American money market funds have pulled 42% of their money out of European banks. European money market funds, too, continue to reduce their exposure to France, Italy and Spain, according to the latest numbers from Fitch.

Interbank markets, in which banks lend to one another, are now also showing signs of severe strain. Banks based in London are paying the highest rate on three month loans since (compared with a risk-free rate). Banks are also depositing cash with the ECB for a paltry, but risk-free rate instead of making loans.

That leaves retail and commercial deposits, and even these may have begun to slip away. “We are starting to witness signs that corporates are withdrawing deposits from banks in Spain, Italy, France and Belgium,” an anlayst at Citi Group wrote in a recent report. “This is a worrying development.”

With funding ever harder to come by, banks are resorting to the financial industry's equivalent of a pawn broker: parking assets on repo markets or at the central bank to get cash. “We have no alternative to deposits and the ECB,” says a senior executive at one European bank.

So far the liquidity of the European Central Bank (ECB) has kept the system alive. Only one large European bank, Dexia, has collapsed because of a funding shortage. Yet what happens if banks run out of collateral to borrow against? Some already seem to scrape the barrel. The boss of UniCredit, an Italian bank, has reportedly asked the ECB to accept a broader range of collateral. And an increasing number of banks are said to conduct what is known as “liquidity swaps”: banks borrow an asset that the ECB accepts as collateral from an insurer or a hedge fund in return for an ineligible asset—plus, of course, a hefty fee.

The risk of all this is two-fold. For one, banks could stop supplying credit. To some extent, this is already happening. Earlier this week Austria's central bank instructed the country's banks to limit cross-border lending. And some European banks are not just selling foreign assets to meet capital requirements, but have withdrawn entirely from some markets, such as trade finance and aircraft leasing.

Secondly and more dangerously, as banks are pushed ever closer to their funding limits, one or more may fail—sparking a wider panic. Most bankers think that the ECB would not allow a large bank to fail. But the collapse of Dexia in October after it ran out of cash suggests that the ECB may not provide unlimited liquidity. The falling domino could also be a “shadow” bank that cannot borrow from the ECB.

Europe's leaders are certainly aware of the dangers—and are working on solutions. But it would not be the first time that their efforts are overtaken by events.

篇5：雅思阅读难题解读：headings

雅思阅读难题解读：headings

资料集中营：雅思听说读写资料8分大神推荐

1、通过文章结构进行预判猜测。一篇通常开头引出主题或提出论点，中间段落进行实证或逻辑分析(按照时间推进，或者并列、递进等)，在文章最后进行总结或展望。因此，如果我们对文章的结构熟悉，可以事半功倍。

如剑桥7中，P48的选项MIRTP future model，通过其中的future，可以做出预判，可能出现在文章后面部分甚至最后。常见的文章结构可能有问题解决、实验分析、现象解释、两事物对比、时间顺序。在雅思阅读众多题材中，实验性文章占有相当大的比例。

我们就以剑5中的文章 Nature or Nurture(遗传还是环境) 为例来剖析一下实验型文章的总体架构。实验型文章常用的框架结构是研究基本情况，实验具体过程，实验结果，相关结论。Nature or Nurture(遗传还是环境)就是一篇非常有代表性的实验型文章。文章一共分为9 段，框架结构非常清晰。文章一开始就总体上介绍了实验的参与者是40个来自各个行业的教师- 实验对象。接下来阐述了实验的背景设置和学生参与者的真实身份。文章的第三段则是比较详细地介绍了在实验过程中实验对象和实验者 Milgram 的表现。第四段和第五段分别呈现了精神科医生对实验结果的预测和实际实验结果与预测结果形成的巨大反差。精神科医生预测，只有少数的教师实验对象能按照实验者的要求，把电压加到最大值。而实验的实际结果就是85% 的教师实验对象都做到了这一点。第六、七段是从遗传和环境的角度用两种截然不同的说法来解释这些差异。最后两段则是从当代社会生物学角度总结了这个实验的结论。

再比如，在剑桥9 attitudes to language一文中，作者采用的方法就是两种语言态度的对比，一个是prescribe，另外一个则是describe。所以考生在应对不同类型的文章时一定要搞懂框架结构，这对考题的解答，尤其是对于解答段落小标题，有着举足轻重的作用。

2、通过段落展开方式，来重点锁定主旨句位置所在。阅读常见的段落结构有总分、分总、总分总以及其他。对于前三种段落，就我们这个题型而言，总述概况的地方，也往往对应段落的首尾句，是我们不容忽视的焦点。除此之外，段落中可能存在起承转合的信号词，指引着段落前行的方向。

如果段落中出现举例的信号词：for example， for instance， take...as an example等，一般来说，例子前的概述或例子后的总结，则是段落的中心句。最后，段落内存有因果、让步、转折、并列、对比等内在的关系，那么关注的位置则各有差异。

表示让步的信号词如果出现：although, though, despite, in spite of, even if,even when, while，我们则需要关注其后内容。转折的词如but, however, yet的出现，我们也应该关注其后内容，进行同义替换，选取正确答案。

还有一些可能有点隐蔽的转折词：fortunately, unfortunately, unexpectedly等。

3、通过选项中的关键词进行大胆猜测，甄别真假。因为此类题目干扰项可能是细节选项，也可能是和正确答案表述有细微差异的选项，那么，考生根据关键词识别双胞胎选项，即一真一假选项的预判能力就显得比较重要。

如剑桥7中，P69选项：

Long standing questions about prehistoric migration to America和 Questions about the causes of prehistoric migration to America两者的差别在于一个单词：cause，考生看到选项之后，可以提高警惕，这两个可能是双胞胎选项。即一个选项是对的，另外一个则是高度迷惑的混淆项。

同时，我们可以对选项进行反向思维，也就是把每一个小标题看成一个命题作文的标题，然后去想按照这个标题，这个段落会写什么样的内容，会出现什么词汇。而“反向思维词”就是标题中能够根据关键词进行逆推，展开相关联想的词汇。当然，在我们做题的过程中，寻找关键词，注意段落中反复出现的词也同样重要。关键词可能以其本词重复，也可能以近义词，同义词或者代词的形式重复。那么，对文中反复出现的词进行概括总结，提取其上义词，和选项进行同义比对，也可能帮助我们快速选到正确答案。

4、注意段落中的问句。从写作手法上来说，作者在文章中设问都是为了引起读者的关注，如果只问不答，那就是让读者去思考某个问题或现象，这个问题或现象肯定是段落的重点所在，所以这类问句有可能是中心句。如果是自问自答，那目的就是为了让读者对作者要给出的答案给与重视。通常这个答句就是作者在段落中要表达的主要观点，即中心句。还有一种是反问句，更是强烈表达了作者的立场态度，也极有可能是中心句。不但如此，问句的位置可能在段首、段中和段后。段首提出问题后，剩余内容可能是对其回答。段中可能表示转折，而段尾极有可能是引人深思或者为下一段做好铺垫。

5、注意段落间的关系。段落之间并非孤立的，没有任何内在联系和参考价值，而事实上，段落是可以互推的，如果多关注一下段落间的衔接和联系，借助某些承上启下的句子，可以解决此类题目。如剑桥7中的P23, 段落D的第一句话则是对上一段意思的概括。多个段落构成的SECTION考题。考生需要重点关注每个构成段落的首句，进行整合理解，选取段落大意。在选项的具体选择中，可能and表示段落大意连词会出现在这样多个段落构成的section中。

6、排除法的运用。可以先从最短选项入手，确定其位置。将其选定排除，再来解决其他题目。也可以直接排除细节的干扰项。但是，我们在排除的时候，一定是将自己确定的选项排除，否则可能会成双成对的发生错误。做题顺序的制定也需要引起注意。建议考生以段为单位，先完成别的题目，再来完成此类题目。这样在对于文章了解的基础上，做题的速度和准确率可以大幅提升。

雅思阅读做完了剑4-11怎么办?

因为没有找到错题点!

找错题点就是：首先!把单位最小化，揪出做错题的根源，比如不认识那个词，替换词没看出来，句子穿了个马甲换个句式你就不认识了!或者做题思路不清晰，还是大脑不清晰!脑子进水抄错答案之类之类。

不要小看这一点，当时深有感触的思路如果不付诸于纸笔，几天后就过眼云烟。

所以可以把总结的问题或思路写在题目旁。

比如“这道题是对NOT GIVEN 的判断思路把握不足”，“定位困难，原因是单词不认识”;“太过于相信规律，带only的题目不一定就是错误的，也就是说所有规律都不绝对”;“定位困难，总是机械定位，应该运用题目的有序性进行定位，可以跳跃做题”等等。

第二写下来原因的必须细化，再做个分类笔记神马的。

比如：思路错误20(Q18 Q21 Q33),词汇(Q9)等等。这些总结可以根据自己的做题个性进行分类。

不好的做题习惯就是会导致正确率不高。比如说做选择题时，在选项上画勾，誊答案的时候猴急猴急的就抄错。填图题，还有漏题的。

最后，根据自己的问题，找对策。比如说，做选择题可以直接写出字母。做图表题，可以把题号圈出以避免漏题等等。

总之，对自己的问题细化之后一定要找到解决问题的办法。总之要对自己的问题进行细化。

最好总结的话就写在错题旁边。这样记忆更加深刻。回头看的时候提醒自己曾经犯过错。

搞懂这几点，雅思阅读岂有不破7分之理

对于这个问题我们仅用一个公式便可以解答：Q=1/2 A。同学们都知道Q代表问题，A一定是答案了。对，问题便是答案的一半，有时还不止一半!所以找答案的关键便是找问题，或者说“找答案=找到问题在原文中的语言重现”。

关于语言重现的这个知识点，需要反复向大家强调重现的形式并不仅限于“原型重现”，毕竟同一张雅思卷子面对的是不同水平的考生群体，由此难度是既定的，“原型重现”的难度几乎为零，那么占据比例也相对较低。

从考察点的角度来看，题目的语言重现大多以考察“替换型重现”及“关系型重现”为主。其中“替换型重现”针对阅读目标分在6-6.5的考生，需要考生注意积累相当的考试词汇及替换认知;“关系型重现”则对理解题文内容及文章逻辑有一定要求，阅读目标分在7以上的同学需要更进一步地掌握“替换型重现”及“关系型重现”这两种形式。但是除此之外，考生还需掌握六大题型的特征、做题策略、交叉组合形式。

阅读六大题型分别为：填空，判断，配对(人名，句子，事物)，选择(多选，单选)，段落信息包含，段落小标题。

在此用顺序为主和乱序为主来对六大题型进行分类。

顺序为主的题型：

填空，判断，配对(句子)，段落小标题;

乱序为主的题型：

配对(人名，事物)，段落信息包含。

这样分类的关键是与题型的做题策略挂钩。顺序为主：题目内部答案出现有顺序，考生只要定位出题目的起始点便可以依次找到答案，但不排除有少部分乱序的情况出现。乱序为主则意味着题目内部答案出现常无顺序可言，考生无法自上而下挨个解题，而只能按照段落中答案出现的顺序将对应的题目挑选出来优先解答。

解题过程中，许多同学都反馈一个问题：找不到答案?实际上，不存在找不到答案的题，只有不好找答案的题。

不好找答案的第1个原因：

题目没看明白，也找不到题目在原文中的语言重现;

解决办法：

考生要利用好《雅思真词汇》对常考的考试词汇及替换进行积累应用

第2个原因：

不同类型的题目答案在出现的顺序上有交叉，导致考生不断重复阅读段落，无头绪，来不及。

解决办法：

利用“平行阅读法”做到一遍解题。

何为一遍解题?将阅读及解答过程转变为做减法，每阅读完一个段落，与本段有关的题目都得到了解答，这样不仅避免了考生重复阅读段落，节省了不必要的时间投入，更为重要的是捋清了解题的思路，能够进一步明确顺序类题型的起始点或是乱序类题目的答案范围。

总结起来，要做到雅思阅读突破7分，考试词汇及替换积累是根基，Q=1/2A，读懂题目是关键。拿到篇章迅速查看题型组合，判定题型特征是以顺序或是乱序为主，利用“平型阅读法”带着题目回到段落进行阅读并解答。真正做到“读一段，做完这一段有关的题”，不漏题不蒙题。不仅题目做完了，文章的内容也get到了。

或许这才是解决雅思阅读选择题的方法

选择题这种题的独特的出题形式，决定了其考察点可以是多维度的，那么除了单纯的句子配对，大家还需要在做题和读文章的时候注意以下几个方面：

1. 注意与原文“长得像”的选项。

很多同学在做题的时候，往往因为句子没有理解到位而会选择一个与原文“长得像”的选项，因为觉得这个选项因为有原文的内容，所以觉得有安全感，觉得是找到了组织。殊不知，这个“组织”很有可能是一个假组织。我们先来看看下面这个例子：

【例题】

Children who are bullied

A are twice as likely to commit suicide as the average person.

B find it more difficult to relate to adults.

C are less likely to be violent in later life.

D may have difficulty forming relationships in later life.

【原文】

Bullying is clearly unpleasant, and can make the child experiencing it feel unworthy and depressed. In extreme cases it can even lead to suicide, though this is thankfully rare. Victimised pupils are more likely to experience difficulties with interpersonal relationships as adults, while children who persistently bully are more likely to grow up to be physically violent, and convicted of anti-social offences.

【分析】

该段大意：

儿童之间的欺负可以让孩子感觉不开心和压抑，在极端情况下甚至会让儿童自杀，但是幸好很少。被欺负的孩子可能会在作为成人时经历人际交往的困难，与之形成对比的是，持续欺负别人的孩子长大后会变得身体上很暴力，且会犯罪。

定位的时候，当看到pupils就应当想到题干中的“children”，victimized可以跟题干的“who are bullied”对应上，所以此时题干中的信息在原文中找到了对应点，精读本句即可。注意，as这个单词单独出现，后接名词表示“作为”理解，所以“作为成年人”即“长大以后”。

带着我们对原文的理解看选项：

A选项：原文说“thankfully rare”，那么就不可能是普通人的两倍。与原文矛盾。

B选项：这个选项极有干扰性，因为出现了三个与原文一样的单词，但是不要仅仅关注重现的单词，还要看到考官悄然改变的词，选项中出现了relate to sb.这个用法，意思是“与某人打交道”，而原文中说“作为成年人难于形成与别人的人际关系”，并不是选项中“与成年人打交道困难”。该选项所述内容在原文没出现。

C选项：这个选项属于过度推断的选项，会困扰一部分同学。原文只是说了“欺负别人的孩子长大后会暴力”，那么被欺负的孩子因此就变得没有那么暴力吗?原文没有提及。

D选项：正确选项。选项中的relationship即是interpersonal relationships，in later life即是as adults。

【小结】

同学们往往会被原词重现所吸引，而没有注意到没有重现的词，即考官对原文的变动，比如更换介词、添加的新词等。

【练习】

In the first paragraph, the writer makes a point that

A. The director should plan the sound track at an early stage in filming

B. It would be wrong to overlook the contribution of sound to the artistry of films

C. The music industry can have a beneficial influence on sound in film

D. It is important for those working on the sound in a film to have sole responsibility for it

Though we might think of film as an essentially visual experience, we really cannot afford to underestimate the importance of film sound. A meaningful sound track is often as complicated as the image on the screen, and is ultimately just as much the responsibility of the director. The entire sound track consists of three essential ingredients: the human voice, sound effects and music. These three tracks must be mixed and balanced so as to produce the necessary emphases which in turn create desired effects. Topics which essentially refer to the three previously mentioned tracks are discussed below. They include dialogue, synchronous and asynchronous sound effects, and music.

2.谨防过度推断。

在做判断题的时候，很多同学都会依据自己的理解得出一个推断出的结论，这种思路就是过度推断。但是同学们需要注意的是，雅思阅读是evidenced-based test，做题讲求的是证据，不能讲情感(实际上，这也是中英文的区别，中文讲究“情感、直觉”，英文讲究“证据”)

【例题】

The example of the ‘million-dollar quartet’ underlines the writer’s point about

A recognising talent.

B working as a team.

C having a shared objective.

D being an effective leader.

【原文】

One of the most famous photographs in the story of rock’n’roll emphasises Ciaidini’s views. The 1956 picture of singers Elvis Presley, Carl Perkins, Johnny Cash and Jerry Lee Lewis jamming at a piano in Sun Studios in Memphis tells a hidden story. Sun’s ‘million-dollar quartet’ could have been a quintet. Missing from the picture is Roy Orbison’ a greater natural singer than Lewis, Perkins or Cash. Sam Phillips, who owned Sun, wanted to revolutionise popular music with songs that fused black and white music, and country and blues. Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis instinctively understood Phillips’s ambition and believed in it. Orbison wasn’t inspired by the goal, and only ever achieved one hit with the Sun label.

【分析】

原文大意：

太阳工作室原本可以有一个“五重唱”的组合，但是最后只有四重唱。原因是太阳工作室的老板想要革新音乐，在现有基础上融合黑人音乐、乡村音乐、布鲁士等等。工作室的四位歌手Presley, Cash, Perkins and Lewis本能地理解老板的野心，但是Orbison不以为然，所以最后在工作室发表了一张唱片就走了。

题目问的是‘million-dollar quartet’强调了作者什么观点，在原文中我们看到整个段落讲述了这个故事，当同学们读完了原文后，很容易理解为“他们本应是一个很好的团队，但是一个人不合，所以团队最终没有想象的好”，以至于最终答案选择为B。

然而，我们讲过，雅思阅读的选择题的正确选项是“一个萝卜一个坑”，即内容要有具化的表现。选项B中所提到的“working as a team”在原文中并没有提及任何的字眼，哪怕原文有working group, spirit of teamwork这样的字眼也行，但是都没有，属于NOT GIVEN的选项。同学们会选这个选项，完全是自己凭着对语言文字的理解，推理出的一个结论，这就是我所谓的“直觉”，即过度推论。

【注意】

再次强调，选择题的正确答案的单词或者表达在原文中一定要有体现，如同义词替换或者换说法的替换，总之要有体现。例如这道题的正确答案C: having a shared objective，原文中“wanted to …”，“ambition”，“goal”都是objective的替换。再进而去理解含义，发现选项讲的整体意思与原文是接近的，即可认为C选项是答案。

雅思阅读备考=刷题?

如果要问雅思阅读中难度最大的题型是哪种题型，相信99%的烤鸭都会说是选择题。的确，选择题是最考查学生能力的题型，因为考生必须要读懂句子，正确理解识并识别同义替换，才能选出正确的选项。所以，这个题目就成了让无数烤鸭在考场上尽折腰的题目，也是想考阅读8+高分的烤鸭们必须要突破的题目。

如果选择题是这样的:

出题模式一：

句子1：It seems that the viewer can sense the artists’ vision in paintings, even if they can’t explain why.

题目：下面哪个选项与上句意思一致?

A mostly favour works of art which they know well.

Bhold fixed ideas about what makes a good work of art.

Care often misled by their initial expectations of a work of art.

Dhave the ability to perceive the intention behind works of art.

那么应该90%的同学可以做对，正确答案是D。如果做不对的同学，请你踏踏实实去背背YOYO的核心词或是学术核心词汇566吧。

但是，选择题的实际出题模式是这样的：

出题模式二：

这篇文章的标题是：Neuroaesthetics

题目：Angelina Hawley-Dolan’s findings indicate that people

A mostly favour works of art which they know well.

Bhold fixed ideas about what makes a good work of art.

Care often misled by their initial expectations of a work of art.

Dhave the ability to perceive the intention behind works of art.

原文出题点：Angelina Hawley-Dolan, of Boston College, Massachusettes, responded to this debate by asking volunteers to view pairs of paintings - either the creations of famous abstract artists or the doodles of infants, chimps and elephant. They then had to judge which they preferred. A third of the paintings were given no captions, while many were labelled incorrectly-volunteers might think they were viewing a chimp’s messy brushstrokes when they were actually seeing an acclaimed masterpiece. In each set of trials, volunteers generally preferred the work of renowned artists, even when they believed it was by an animal or a child. It seems that the viewer can sense the artist’s vision in paintings, even if they can’t explain why.

出题模式一，其实就是雅思选择题的本质所在。出题模式二是正常的雅思考试的出题模式，配上抽象的主题和很多看似简单又读不懂的无关信息，以此来加大考试的难度，这就是雅思考官出题的套路。出题模式一和二一对比，大家就明白了，其实选择题，真正的难点在于：同学们往往不能准确定位出考官的出题点到底是哪一句子。烤鸭们一般可以大概定位到题目出题“面”--- 段落，但是，却不能准确定位“点”--出题的句子。所以，很多同学常常有需要读一整段或是两个段落来解一个选择题的错觉。

简言之，雅思阅读选择题的解题关键是：一定要能够准确点位出题点!这样，就可以有效排除很多干扰信息了。而在仅有的一个句子中，去读懂，再去识别选项的同义替换，这样选择题的难度就大大减小了。

那么，问题来了?如何锁定出题点呢?如何做到从“面”到“点”的准确定位呢?

定位选择题的出题点，可以根据题目的提问方式，来进行分类，每类题目的出题点和出题规律一般都是比较固定。雅思选择题的提问方式和出题点位置，一般可以分为以下几大类：

出题规律1：实验看结果

1.考查实验相关的题目，一般重点都是考实验的结果，重点直接去文中快速锁定实验的结果，一般表结果的关键词是：findings, ...found that..., It seems that..., it would seem that....

正常来说：当讲到某个实验的时候，文中的行文顺序：WHY该实验的背景/目的--HOW该实验如何进行--WHAT实验对象在实验做了什么或是如何表现的---Results/Findings。所以，当提到某个实验时，一般会有2-3句来讲实验的why, how和what，结果往往放在最后。解题时，直接快速跳到实验后边去看实验的结果。

如上题所示：题目问Angelina Hawley-Dolan’s findings indicate...(他的实验结果表明....), 文中，段落前几句描述的都是跟实验相关的内容，到最后一句It seems that..., 才是结果。考生们在做题前，如果能够非常清晰的了解这个特点的话，就可以高效准确的解题了。

出题规律2：例子看观点

2.题目考查具体例子的，一般都是问例子说明或支持的观点，重点看原文例子的前后句。举例都是为了说明观点的。如果段落开头就是例子的，则需要看例子所在段落的前段的主要观点，观点的位置一般在上段的最后部分，提出一个观点，然后下段用例子证明。一般例子讲完后，在例子后边会再次总结一下观点。简言之，出现例子的重点看例子前后的句子。

出题规律3：主旨细节要分清

3.如果题目提问中出现段落的，如果是问段落大意，就看段落主题句，快速把握段落主旨。出现段落，但不问主旨的，一定要先定好段落中具体细节，再解题。如: According to the eighth paragraph, how was the geography of the region significant? 题目中提到第8段，但是不能看一整个段落解题，还要定位到关键词geography 所在的句子，理解后再做题。

篇6：雅思英语逻辑关系的连接词

雅思英语逻辑关系的连接词

在雅思写作的评分标准中，有很重要的'一项叫做连贯与衔接(Coherence and Cohesion)。连贯性指文章的流畅程度，文章的观点应该逻辑清楚，易于理解和把握。

而衔接性是指连接词的使用，这有助于整合观点并阐明段落、句子或句子成分之间的关系，是为了考察大家组织文章、衔接信息和观点的能力。

下面整理一下写作中常见逻辑关系的连接词使用前记得查找例句了解正确用法哦~

1. 比较关系(相同点) similarly; in like manner, in comparison with;when compared with;compared with;when in fact...; like...; likewise; similarly important; apart from(doing)...; ... rather than...，by doing so ;both…and...; in the same way;not only...but (also)

2. 对照关系(不同点)yet; still; for all of that; notwithstanding; rather; neither ... nor; although;though; but; however; something is just the other way around(另一种方式);yet;conversely; unlike; opposed to; as opposed to ; in contrast; by way of;on the contrary;different from this;nevertheless; contrary to; whereas; while

3.举例关系for example; for instance; in thiscase; namely; as you know;like; such as; a case inpoint is...; in particular;including...; put it simply;stated roughly;as an illustration;a good example would be...;to detail this, I would like to...; It is interesting to note that...;as proof;take the case of;take…as example;as for;as regards;according to;on this occasion.

4. 强调关系in fact;especially;particularly;moreover;naturally; what is particular;not to mention...;believe it or not;undeniably;it is certain/sure that...;by definition;definitely; undoubtedly; without a doubt; in truth;in any event; without reservation;obviously;not only..

5.条件关系if;unless;lest;provided that(考虑到);if it is the case;in this sense;once...;if possible;if necessary;if so;if not all;if anything

6.归纳总结in other words;to put it in a nutshell; in sum; therefore;hence;in short;in brief;to sum up;in conclusion; in summary; to conclude;the conclusion can be drawn that...; in short

7.方位关系beyond; opposite to; adjacent to(毗邻的); at the same place; there; over; in the middle; around; in front of; in the distance; farther; here and there; above;below; at the right; between; on this side

8.目的关系with this object; for this purpose; in order that; in this way;since; so that; on that account;in case; with a view to; for the same reason.

9.重申关系in other words; that is to say; namely;to put it in another way;as I have said;again;once again.

10.时间关系at once; immediately; at length; in the meantime; meanwhile; at the same time;in the end; then; soon; not long after; later; at once; at last; finally; some time ago; at present; all of asudden; from this time on; from time to time; since then; when; whenever; next point; a few minutes later; formerly; as; once;since; occasionally; in a moment; shortly;whereupon; previously.

11.先后关系at this time; first; second; at last; next;previously;simultaneously;eventually;last but not least;to begin with;to start with;to end with;finally;since then;first of all;afterwards; following this; preceding this;prior to this

12.因果关系because;because of this;since;as;for;owing to;due to;for the reason that...;in view of;for such areason; as a result of; therefore;consequently;as a resu

13.转折关系but;even so;however;though;even though;independent of;reckless of ;despite that;in spite ofthat;regardless of;while…yet…;unless...

14.并列关系and;also;too;as well as;either...，or...;both...and...;for onething...，for another...; meanwhile;at the same time

15.递进关系furthermore;moreover;further;In this way;still; notonly...but also...; not...but...;in addition (to);additionally, much more interesting;more specifically;next;besides; as faras... is concerned; moreover;in other words;on one hand...;on the other hand...;even; as a poplar saying goes...;in order to do it...; to make things better(worse);accordingly;

以上就是关于雅思写作连接词关系的详细内容，希望对大家的雅思考试有所帮助，对于文章中的连接词一要避免重复，二要适当，不可强加逻辑关系，也不可过度使用，否则一样会影响成绩。

篇7：雅思阅读高分技巧之把握好逻辑关系

1、并列关系

并列逻辑关系是这四种逻辑关系里面最简单，最容易理解的一种，对于很多同学来说，无外乎就是and, or这两个词

2、因果逻辑关系

既然是因果关系，那么就存在谁因谁果的问题世间没有无因之果，也没有无果之因，cause和effect是相互依存的，在任何一个句子中出现了表述原因的词，必然能看到其结果，反之亦然。

3、比较逻辑关系

说到比较逻辑关系，大家可能首先想到的则是T，F，NG中对比较关系的判断，诚然，判断题里比较级是一大考点，但是比较逻辑关系的运用比这要广泛得多，做此类题时要记住两个原则即可：

原则一：但凡题目出现了比较逻辑关系，那么原文中答案所在的句子也必然会有比较逻辑关系出现，只是其关系词表述形式可能会替换

原则二：如果题目存在比较级，回原文去找比较级，如果题目是最高级，则抓最高级，或者extremely，或者比较级和最高级替换着找都可。……

雅思阅读备考之实例解析四类信号词

雅思阅读信号词一、顺接和递进

例词：also, furthermore, moreover, what is more, in addition…

考点：And Western scientists are starting to draw on this wisdom…(C6, P28, T31找标题)

解析：And在这句话开头，有一定的递进含义, this wisdom则是指代了前面一句话出现的their wealth of traditional knowledge(因纽特人传统的知识)，所以这两句话有紧密的联系，同学们在读题的时候要通过发现信号词，然后发散地看它的前后句，最后把考点考察的意思补充完整。

雅思阅读信号词二、对比和转折

例词：however, but, although, nevertheless, on the other hand, by comparison…

考点：However, we believe that credit must be extended in association with other types of support that help participants develop critical life skills as well as productive businesses.(C4, P66, T13主旨选择题)

题目中出现了conclude的字眼，总结段落一般是在文章的最后，然而带有转折信号词however这句话，显然就是文章的考点所在。

雅思阅读信号词三、相似

例词：similarly, in other words, that is, put another way…

考点：In other words, we became aware of the obvious fact that there were‘limits to growth’.(C4, P97, T32分类题)

解析：In other words是解释，换一种说法，通常会以更加简单易懂，清晰的话语陈述出难点，常常难点就是雅思阅读考点出没的地方。

雅思阅读信号词四、时间先后

例词：firstly, second, next, then, now, later, since, eventually, finally…

考点：Three factors are involved in this change. First is an awareness of the severity of the problem. Second, a number of resources to help tackle bullying have become available in Britain…Third, there is evidence that these materials work, and that schools can achieve something.(C6, P94, T30选标题)

解析：段落结构很清楚，主要是因为有表达顺序的信号词First、second、third，让我们认识这段是在讲，侍强凌弱这种现象已经开始改变，主要是从三个方面入手：意识、资源、监督。这种发展让学校有了更多的方法和有效途径解决存在的问题。这里的First、second、third提示我们三个方面，同时也是一个发展的过程。

雅思阅读备考：培养逻辑能力的四大方法

一.要培养雅思阅读逻辑能力，首先要高质快速地阅读

第一遍读文章时，我们应当模拟考试的紧张气氛，尽量高质快速。但，对完答案后，我们有充足的时间再次阅读文章。第二次阅读文章我们的目的不在是获取信息，而是把握文章的布局安排，分析作者的意图。

二.要培养雅思阅读逻辑能力，要克服长难句障碍

几乎每一篇阅读，总有一两句长难句。有许多同学这样分析那样分析，可就分析不出什么名堂。听力好的同学不一定发音好，可发音好的同学一定听力好。同样，能写出长难句的人当然不会怕什么长难句。

三.要培养雅思阅读逻辑能力，要把握句子结构规律

同学们应当做的是找一本好的语法书，认认真真学习句子结构那部分。英语的句子主干往往并不复杂，只是其粘着修饰成分过多。我们一开始应当学会如何写出简单的基本句型，然后再通过附加各种从句、插入语、非谓语形式，来逐步扩充句子结构。

分析长难句与扩充句子正好是反其道而行之，我们必须一步步“砍”去插入语、各种从句、非谓语形式，来获得句子主干。所以只要“欲简之必先扩之”，我们与其寻求各种长难句分析法，不如先学会自己写长句。最后，文章归类阅读，考前复习有奇效

阅读文章成千上万，如何从有限中把握规律才是关键。阅读文章总是按照每套试题四篇文章分布，于是众多学子也就按部就班。

四.要培养雅思阅读逻辑能力，要对文章分类

可是如果我们把自己读过的所有文章按照主题分类，比如分为校园类、医学类、家庭类、环境类等等，到了考前，再按类别复习这些文章，我们不仅能系统掌握某一类别文章常用的词汇，也能把握该类文章的结构特点和出题规律。

雅思阅读备考之学术类问题解答方法

STEP TWO：带着问题扫描文章

1. 扫描标题

考生拿到一篇雅思学术类阅读文章，首先应该看一下文章的标题，而迄今为止，雅思学术类阅读理解考试中大致出现过下列三种题目类型：第一种是正规标题，始可用来判断文章大意、类型、而得知文章结构;第二种是主标题加副标题，副标题有时承担揭示文章结构的重任;第三种是无标题，这种考试形式自99 年开在中国考区出现，一般文章较长而且难，但仍然可以在文章第一段发现揭示文章主题的主旨句。考生应注意：描述性标题应该予以忽略;如果文章分几个SECTION 论述，则SECTION 的标题也应该加以注意

2.扫描全文的分段情况及其他信息

考生应注意数字、百分比、分数、时间或货币符号出现较多的段落;引号、大写专有名词、括号及破折号出现较多的段落;斜体字、黑体字、下划线出现较多的

段落

3.扫描每个段落的首末句，把握文章主题：

主题句提示文章每段的主题含意，进而合成整个文章的大意。因此，一定要找出主题句，从而找出这一段的主题。主题句通常是一段文章的首句(当然并非永远如此)，寻找主题句的方法可按下列顺序：

首句 --→ 第二句 --→中间句--→ 末句

注意：如果首句是描述性语句则应该予以忽略,通过段落首末句判断段落主题的关键是找准中心词(KEY WORD)中心词最可能是表示主要概念的名词，一般是句子的主语和宾语;表明状态的动词;表示程度高低、范围大小、肯定或否定的副词;中心词会在题目及原文中以同义词形式大量出现。比如：famous - prestigious;restructure delayer.

4. 扫描连接上下文的信号词

5. 扫描文章文章中是否有图表或示意图

这些图表一般包含了一些有关回答问题的信息，因此可以先对这些图表做一扫描，了解其内容从而加快答题速度，不然的话，就可能陷在文章中四处找寻答案而乱无头绪。但应注意，一般照片、地图、漫画可以予以忽略。

STEP THREE：

以问题为中心，通过上述扫描工作，找出文章中对应的中心词，从而定位正确答案。

篇8：雅思阅读考试高分技巧：逻辑关系是关键

雅思阅读考试高分技巧：逻辑关系是关键

1、并列关系

并列逻辑关系是这四种逻辑关系里面最简单，最容易理解的一种，对于很多同学来说，无外乎就是and, or这两个词

2、因果逻辑关系

3、比较逻辑关系

原则一：但凡题目出现了比较逻辑关系，那么原文中答案所在的句子也必然会有比较逻辑关系出现，只是其关系词表述形式可能会替换

原则二：如果题目存在比较级，回原文去找比较级，如果题目是最高级，则抓最高级，或者extremely，或者比较级和最高级替换着找都可。……

怎样备考ielts阅读考

中学英语教学的实际情况决定了大多数中学生的口语和听力实力往往较为薄弱。为了获得理想的雅思成绩，很多参加雅思考试的中学生都寄希望于阅读部分，期望能在阅读部分获得一个相对较高的分数，从而平衡听力和口语部分相对较低的分数。

备考雅思阅读考试，中学生首先需要突破词汇关。词汇是阅读的基础，没有词汇基础，阅读根本就无从谈起。

突破词汇，不能够单纯依靠机械背诵单词表，而是应该在阅读文章的过程中，结合具体的语境来记忆生词。雅思阅读练习是大家每天的工作，希望同学们能够通过自己的努力解决雅思阅读时间不够的问题。

除了词汇以外，题型也是中学生参加雅思阅读考试必须突破的难点。雅思阅读考试共计有十种题型，而很多中学生因为长期参加标准化考试，仅仅了解四选一的选择题的解法，对其它题型的特点和解题方法缺乏了解。雅思阅读考试庞大的阅读量决定了考生在考场中毫无任何可能性专门抽出一小块时间用于分析某一具体题型。

只有透彻了解各类题型的特点以及相应的解题方法，考生才可能提高解题速度，在规定的时间内顺利解答所有的阅读试题。

雅思阅读解题技巧总结

想要在雅思阅读题中取得好的成绩，一方面要求考生要拥有一定的外语基础，持此之外，一定的答题技巧也是非常重要的，只有合理的应用方法，就会在原有的基础上进一步提高自己的雅思阅读成绩，下面小编就为大家介绍一下雅思阅读解题技巧，大家可以在平时多加练习，只有这样在考试当中才能熟练应用，从而取得雅思阅读好成绩。

做好阅读的关键就是多练习。看报纸、杂志和原文小说，努力提高阅读能力，加快阅读速度。剑桥雅思3的阅读模拟题要认真做。最重要的是，阅读考试并不考你对某一篇文章读懂了多少，而是考查你的阅读技巧，就是快速阅读的能力--扫描与略读。

所谓的扫描就好像看电话号码簿，你心里很清楚你要找什么，所以你快速扫描所看的那一页来找到答案。这种技巧通常用来回答多项选择题以及配对题。快速扫描文章找到问题所问的信息。

略读就是快速阅读一个段落，了解中心意思，而忽略细节。这种技巧可以用来回答：“给出一个段落的小标题 ”或是“在那个段落中提到这个信息?”或是“作者的观点”这类的题目。雅思阅读的难度是渐进的，做题的时间安排应该是：第一篇文章大约用15-17分钟，第二篇20分钟左右，23-25分钟做第三篇。如果有多余的时间就检查一下答案。

建议在读文章以前先快速浏览一遍所有的问题，有个大致的概念你需要去寻找什么样的信息，需要用扫描阅读还是略读，还是两种技巧都要使用。浏览问题的时候，用铅笔划出重要的信息，例如：日期、地点和名字。

浏览完毕所有问题之后，扫读一次文章，标出重要的部分。如果看见任何与问题相关的信息，直接标出来，有些题目边看就可以边答了。

根据自己标出的重要信息一次回答问题，文章看过一遍以后，去找特定的信息就会变得更容易。

答案在文章里面出现的顺序通常与问题的顺序是一致的，例如第4题的答案通常会比第5题的答案先出现。不过这主要看问题的类型，如果问题问的是In which paragraph does this information appear?“ 以及Yes / No / Not given类型的问题，那么答案就不一定是按顺序了。

一找到问题的答案就在答题纸上作答，不一定要按顺序回答问题。

注意看题目要求，如果题目要求用不超过3个单词来作答，记住不要超过3个。

最难的是 True / False / Not given 与Yes / No / Not given 类型的题目。平时多练习做这种题型，考试的时候要记住看清楚要你回答True / False还是Yes / No，不要用True / False回答Yes/No，也不要用Yes/No回答True/False，这种回答会被视为错误而没有分数。不要在一个题目停留太久，找不到答案就接着做下一题，有时间再回头做

配对类雅思阅读解题技巧解析

1. 仔细查看答题指引，了解回答何种问题。

2. 查看例句，确定答题方式。

3. 弄清那些选项是同义选项，那些选项是反义选项，那些选项是有关数字选项。

4. 根据在题目中自己划出的中心词在原文中寻找信息点，注意以大写、斜体、括号和引号方式出现的概念。

5. 对于有关人名与理论、新产品和发明家、时间的配对题，首先要快速找出人名、公司名和时间，然后在附近的上下文中找答案。

配对类雅思阅读解题技巧有哪些?以上就是配对类雅思阅读解题技巧，希望广大烤鸭们能够抽出点时间细细的消化这些技巧，并将这些学到的技巧运用到平时的雅思复习中，只有这样，这些配对类雅思阅读解题技巧才能真正的被你掌握。祝愿同学们能够顺利通过考试。

篇9：解读雅思阅读句子填空题技巧

解读雅思阅读句子填空题技巧

雅思阅读中，句子填空的题目多是长的陈述句，然后根据文章的内容来填入一或二和空的答案。作为常见题型，A类考试平均每一次会出现一组，一组大约三到五个左右;G类平均每两次出现一组，也是大约三个左右。以下即从句子填空的特点，解题技巧以及注意事项三方面来对此题型做一个分析。

(一)特点——summary与short questions 的结合体

从形式上来看，sentence completion其实就是“迷你”的summary。二者都属信息补充型(information gap)题目。Summary 是摘要出一个相对内容上完整的信息段落，简述凝练。题目是完整的一段陈述，没有割裂感。因此在题号上也有一定的顺序性，题目基本与文章保持平行一致。Sentence completion 则可以看成是分解断裂开的summary，即每一个sentence就是summary中的一个题号。即使sentence completion前后两题内容上是独立的，但也多是顺序性的。因两者同需考察信息检索填补information gap的能力，所以基本上答案也多是原文原词或时态和形式上的变形。

从内容上来看，sentence completion常是给出一个空(也有两到三个，但也多是相并列的成份)来让考生填补相对重要的信息问题。转化一下就可以看成是对那一个填空项的提问，且目的性很强。再者，两者通常是要用非常少的词来作为答案，而且定位了答案后，还要再思考如何凝练成题目所要求的字数限制。

因此，sentence completion可以看成是summary 和 short questions 两者的结合，在解题思路和技巧上都可以相借鉴

(二)解题

1. 推测答案性质

在审题的过程中，就可以根据题目句子语法来先大致判定空所要填词的词性，数。对所要填的答案性质有个初步的了解。

2.划出题目中的关键词，迅速定位题目所对应的文章段落。

按着找关键词的步骤——先看明显标志(时间，地点，大小写，人名，转有名词等);再看句子中是否存在逻辑关系词(因果，条件，转折，递进，对比等)，有助于跟进一步判断答案性质;如果以上两点都不明显或无作用，那就重点看此句子题目的主语和宾语，因为主语和宾语是最能表现句子的限定性的，而且多是名词或名词性短语，最具有稳定性。以上本着reading for gist，记忆住划出的题目中的关键词，然后去判断题目对应内容所应出现的段落。例如，在剑4，第四套第一篇文章question7

According to Professor Yessis，American runners are relying for their current on --------.

其中，American作为明显标志的关键词，即可被带进文章去查找具体出现在文章的那个部分。回原文reading for gist 的过程中(skimming)会发现，提起American runners 主要是在第三段，那么就迅速判断大致答案出现的位置。而在题目中，“rely on”又是明显能透露出一个因果缘由的逻辑关系，所以在再次进一步缩小范围时会有很大帮助。最后根据“running on their genetics” 判定，答案是genetics.

同样question9中，

Yessis links an inadequate diet to -------.

虽无上题中的明显标志，但看宾语的部分 inadequate diet 则知它应是与进食营养的方面有关系。而文中第四段就是主要讲nutrition 运动营养方面的问题，那么就能判定此处必有答案。

在Skimming for gist的时候，要留意第一句，第二句和最后一句。因为往往能表现一段主要在讲什么内容的topic sentence大多出现在这几句上。所以要多留心，好帮忙快速定位。

3. 深记“同义转换”概念

由于雅思阅读考试的目的就是检测考生是否有信息检索和同义转换的能力(paraphrase)，所以在句子题目中的关键词也多是同义词近义词的替换。例如上题中(question9)inadequate diet在文中相对的就是deficiency in minerals。文章中lead to injuries. 因此答案为injuries. 所以在平时的学习和复习中就要多多积累同义近义词，不同说法的表达方式，加强词汇能力。这样在scanning过程中，才可以看准考察信息点，而不会因为英语基础的关系而漏掉或找不到答案的出处。

4.语法推敲

在定位好答案(locating)后，一定要注意是否符合句子题目的文法规则，避免即使找到了答案，但因为词的变形或时态的小问题而没有拿分(scoring)

(三)注意事项

1. 字数要求

2. Sentence completion 的答案字数都不会很长。审题时，务必看清题目要求填one word，还是no more than two /three/four words。然后根据题目要求去自己精炼答案。

3. 原文原词

由于是考察文章信息检索和填补information gap的能力，基本上答案都是原文原词。若是动词，形容词副词则要留意是否依据题目语法需变形和时态。大部分多是名词和名词性的短语。

4. 顺序性

基本与文章平行顺序。答案多是考察细节，但也不乏考察大体上的文章内容。这需要reading for gist和specific info.两者都要兼具。尤其在细节题上，了解sentence completion具有一定顺序性特点，可以辅助答案在文章locating，对解题有所帮助。

剖析sentence completion，这种题型实质看成是summary和short question的结合变形。长度比summary短，答案要比short questions要求更精准，但其在难度在于题目中的关键词与文章中原词的同义转换。因此在解这类题中，可借鉴summary和short questions的解题方法，并且还要留心sentence completion自身的注意事项。

雅思阅读材料大集合：北京推出雾霾险可以放心出游

Travellers to China worried that their view of the Great Wall will be obscured by Beijing’s pollution can rest easy with a “smog insurance” product being introduced this week.

前往中国的游客如果担心长城风景可能受到北京污染的影响，那么本周推出的“雾霾险”产品有望让他们安心。

“Smog insurance” is the latest response to choking air pollution in China and follows efforts that include closing industrial plants and do-it-yourself air filter specialists dispensing advice online.

“雾霾险”是对中国令人不敢呼吸的空气污染的最新回应，之前的努力包括政府勒令工厂停产，以及DIY空气过滤器专家在网上提供咨询。

Panasonic, the Japanese electronics group, said last week it would offer a pollution bonus to expatriate employees working in China.

日本电子集团松下(Panasonic)上周表示，将向外派至中国工作的非中国籍员工提供污染奖金。

Li Keqiang, Chinese premier, declared a “war on pollution” in his annual speech to the legislature in March. Only three Chinese cities meet national air quality standards, two of which are on islands.

中国总理李克强3月在全国人大年会上发表讲话时，宣布“向污染宣战”。中国只有三个城市达到国家空气质量标准，其中两个位于岛上。

CTrip, an online travel agent, and Ping An, the state-owned insurance company, have teamed up to offer “smog insurance” to travellers and residents in seven cities plagued by smog. The scheme pays out when the air quality index, or AQI, exceeds set levels for two days in a row.

在线旅游代理携程(CTrip)和国有保险公司平安(Ping An)联手推出“雾霾险”，面向受到雾霾困扰的7个城市的游客和市民。该产品将在空气质量指数(AQI)连续两天超过设定水平时作出赔付。

A week of the index being over 300, a level deemed hazardous at prolonged exposure, yields the policy holder a free lung check while those who need hospitalisation because of it would receive Rmb1,500 ($240).

如果空气质量指数持续一周高于300(被视为长时间接触有危险的水平)，保单持有人将得到一次免费的肺部检查，而污染导致需要住院接受治疗的保单持有人将得到1500元人民币(合240美元)。

If pollution exceeds the charts, as happened this winter in the northern city of Shijiazhuang for several days, policy holders can compete for a free trip to the subtropical island of Hainan to “clear their lungs”.

如果污染达到“爆表”水平(北方城市石家庄在这个冬天有好几天出现这样的情况)，保单持有人有机会获取海南“洗肺”旅游。

It is not unknown for cities in northern China to see pollution in hazardous levels for a week at a time, particularly in the winter. But Ping An is on safer ground in the springtime, when breezes and bright skies tend to keep the AQI within more comfortable limits.

在冬季的华北城市，危险级别的污染持续一周的情况并非罕见。但春天意味着平安保险较有把握：微风和明媚的天空往往使空气质量指数保持在比较舒适的范围内。

Haikou, the capital of subtropical Hainan Island, Zhoushan, on an archipelago south of Shanghai that consists of 1,390 islands and 1.1m inhabitants, and Lhasa, the capital of Tibet, were the only three to meet national standards in a survey of 74 of the largest cities, the vice minister for the environment said this month.

中国环保部副部长本月表示，全国74个城市的全年监测结果显示，仅3个城市达到空气质量二级标准。这3个城市是：海口(地处亚热带的海南岛的首府)、舟山(上海以南的一个群岛，共有1390个岛屿和110万居民)，以及西藏首府拉萨。

The air quality index assesses the level of air pollution with a grading system from 0 to 500. The higher the value, the more polluted the air and the greater the health concern: 50 represents good air quality with little potential to affect public health and over 300 is well within the hazardous range.

空气质量指数采用从0到500的数值来评估空气污染水平。该值越高，空气污染就越严重，健康担忧就更大： 50代表空气质量状况属于优，不致影响公众健康，而超过300就进入危险范围了。

The air in Beijing on Thursday was rated “good” by the US embassy and “excellent” on the Chinese index.

周四，北京的空气被美国大使馆评为“良好”，被中国的指数评为“优”。

雅思阅读材料大集合：八个方法支撑你度过困难时期

No matter what problem you're facing, tough times happen to the best of us. Whether it's financial trouble or just an overall bad day, finding positivity in a daunting situation is the key to overcoming it. It may be hard to look on the bright side, especially when things aren't going as expected, but everything passes in time. If you need a boost of happiness to help you through the day, be sure to remember these things:

不管你正在面临什么问题，即使是最幸运的人也会遇到困难时期。不管是经济问题或者只是倒霉的一天，关键在于我们要在不顺的环境里找到正能量!有时候，我们很难凡事都往好处想，特别是在事情进展不顺的时候，但是一切都会过去的。如果你需要一点幸福感来支撑你度过今天，记住以下这些事情：

1. Accept it.

接受现实。

Although it may seem challenging to accept a negative situation, it's your best bet in moving toward a resolution. You can't change what already happened; you can only focus on how to improve the circumstances now.

虽然让你接受一个消极的境遇很有挑战性，但这是让你找到解决方案的最好的措施了。你不能改变已经发生的事情，你只能集中精力寻找改善情况的方法。

2. Don't waste time dwelling on it.

不要浪费时间老是想着问题。

Dwelling on a problem can only make it bigger than it already is. Not only will you feel worse in the long run, but also, you'll lose valuable time when you could be working toward a solution. Don't let a bad situation get the best of you — take steps to let it go.

老想着一个问题只会让问题变得比实际更严重。你不仅会觉得越来越糟糕，而且你浪费了本可以用来想出解决方案的宝贵时间。不要让坏情况阻碍你，随它去吧。

3. Don't compare yourself to others.

不要拿自己和别人比。

According to a quote from Steven Furtick, “The reason why we struggle with insecurity is because we compare our behind the scenes with everyone's highlight reel.” When you're struggling through a tough situation, comparing yourself is the last thing you should be doing. You have no idea what struggles another person could be going through, so instead of comparing, you should look at the happiness within yourself.

作家史蒂文·富蒂克说过：“我们缺乏安全感，是因为我们总是拿自己不好的地方与别人的长处对比。” 当你在艰难的环境里挣扎的时候，你最不该做的事儿就是和别人比较。你根本不知道其他人正在经历什么样的挣扎，所以与其比较，不如多关注一下自己的快乐。

4. Make a plan of action.

制定一个行动计划。

The best way to overcome a negative time is to be determined to find a way out of it. If you don't like the way something is, do what you can in your power to change it. In financial situations, you can work on a budget and prioritize your costs. In a fight with a loved one, you can take some time to cool down and amend things by talking it out.

度过困难时期的最佳方法就是下定决心战胜它。如果你不喜欢某件事，发挥你的力量来改变它吧。对于经济问题，你可以做一个预算并安排一下各项开销的顺序。如果是跟爱人吵架了，你要花点时间来冷静一下，然后把问题说出来才能解决它。

5. Recognize positive things in your life.

发现你生活中积极的事物。

While it may feel like your world is crashing around you, this rough time does not, ultimately, define your life. From family to being healthy, it's best to recognize the positive things in your life. It definitely helps ease the pain of a negative situation.

你可能觉得自己的世界都要崩塌了，但是一次这样的艰难时刻并不会定义你的人生。不管是一个美满的家庭或是自己的健康，最好要发现你生活中这些积极的事物，这绝对可以帮助你减轻在困难环境里的痛苦。

6. Acknowledge you're not alone.

明白自己不是一个人在战斗。

Having a support system is essential for any tough moment. Family members, significant others, and best friends are the people you should confide in when going through a distressing time. These people are the ones who know you best and can give you advice from an outside perspective. Besides, it doesn't hurt having someone you love and care for in your corner rooting you on.

在困难的时候，一个强大的后援团是很重要的。家人、另一半或者好朋友都是你在经历痛苦时可以倾诉的人。这些人是最懂你的人，可以从旁观者的角度来给你一些建议。而且，让你爱的人或者你关心的人给你一点支持，总不会有什么坏处。

7. Learn from it.

从中学习。

There's always something to be learned from every experience you go through, good or bad. Take some time to reflect on the situation, how you reacted, and what you can do if you ever go through it again. Collecting all this knowledge could even help you avoid the situation in the future or assist a friend who is going through something similar.

无论好坏，你总能从每次经历中学习到一些事情。花些时间来反思一下当时的处境、你是如何应对的还有如果重头来一次，你会怎么做?前事不忘，后事之师，以后你还能帮助遇到相同情况的朋友呢。

8. Look to the future.

展望未来。

Now that all is said and done, it's time to start looking ahead to the future. Leave the past behind you, and begin looking to a brighter tomorrow. Change begins and ends with you, and clinging to a past event won't help alter it. Work on building a better future for yourself; it all starts with a positive mindset.

该说的该做的都完成了，现在是时候开始展望未来了。抛开过去，开始眺望一个更加灿烂的明天!你决定自己生活里的一切变化，沉溺过去是不会帮助你改变处境的。努力为自己建造更美好的未来;一切从一个积极的心态开始!

★ 雅思写作语法错误分析高频句型用好不容易