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篇1：教师在任务型教学中的作用 (译林牛津版英语)
【摘要】新课程标准倡导任务型教学方式，注重以学生为主体，强调学生自主学习，在整个教学过程中，教师应该科学合理地设置任务，并控制好任务的实施，把握好教学思路和目标，用各种教学方法和手段来激发学生的学习兴趣，调动他们的学习积极性，还应该重视评价的作用，从而形成有效的教学活动。
关键词：任务型教学 可行性 评价 案例
新课程标准强调教学应从学生的学习兴趣、生活经验和认知水平出发，倡导体验，实践，参与，合作与交流的任务型教学方式。任务型教学方式注重以学生为主体，通过调动学生的学习积极性来获得知识水平上的提高。在任务型教学模式中，教师把更多的时间交给了学生，因此，对于教师而言，就面临着更为严峻的考验。作为任务的布置者，教学活动的组织者和调控者，笔者认为教师应做好以下几方面的工作：
一、教师应确保任务的提出具有可行性和实用性。
任务的可行性是教学活动能够胜利进行的保证。《牛津初中英语》教材每一个单元都围绕一个话题编写，这个话题包含着若干个学习任务，有些任务是相互关联的，而有些任务又缺乏关联性。为了能确保教师在任务型教学中提出的任务具有可行性，教师平时应该深入钻研教材，分析教材的特点，然后根据学生的知识水平和生活经验，设计出既与主题相关又能让学生学习知识，锻炼能力的任务。应尽量避免那些环节过多，程序过于复杂，难度很高的课堂任务。
教师提出的任务要能够激发学生的学习兴趣，调动他们的学习积极性。学生只有面对自己熟悉，感兴趣的材料，才会产生讨论和探求的兴趣，才会有抒发自己观点和见解的需求，这样才能够形成课堂上良好的学习氛围。教师应结合教学内容，精心设计符合学生兴趣的话题，激发他们参与讨论的欲望。设计的任务互动性要强，这样有助于锻炼他们发现问题，解决问题的能力，同时也锻炼了学生的反应能力。教师在设计任务时也要考虑多样性原则，应避免单一的教学模式，给学生布置的任务可以是指令型任务，猜测型任务，竞赛型任务和表演型任务等。总之，要采用灵活的教学手段和方法，创设丰富多彩的教学情景来激发学生的学习兴趣。
二．教师在整个任务型教学过程中起着调控的作用。
在任务型教学中，教师要由传统的知识灌输者变为教学活动的组织者，引导者，参与者和调控者。既要组织好整个教学活动，引导学生跟上自己的教学思路，实现教学目标，又要随时随地处理好各个环节上的突发事件，这就对教师提出了更高的要求。
首先，教师应按照学生的学习规律安排好教学活动，引导学生一步步地由简单的语言输出逐步过渡到复杂的语言处理，从而提高他们运用语言的能力。教学上要遵循由易到难，由简单到复杂的规律，
其次，教师本身应具备较高的英语水平，较强的语言表达能力，对教材要有深刻的理解。要给学生做出准确的指示，有效的示范，要把握好每一堂课的教学目标和教学思路，能够做到师生之间真正意义上的有效互动。教师必须在话题语境中激活学生已有的知识和经验，呈现新的知识，帮助学生加工和整理新旧知识体系。
再次，新课程标准下，课堂活动是开放式的，因而课堂上随时会出现突发情况，教师应随机应变，灵活地处理课堂中出现的各种情况，教师要认真倾听学生的交流，及时发现学生的语言问题，准确诊断，适时适度进行纠错，使学生能正确熟练地运用语言。上课时，教师应保持精神饱满，不要总是站在讲台上，应经常融入到学生中，要和颜悦色，耐心启发，用微笑来鼓励学生，消除学生的恐惧和顾虑，使学生能够大胆地参与课堂活动。对基础相对差的学生要多启发，可以用暗示法，设疑法，点拨法等，使学生领会你的教学思路及过程，从而顺利完成你的教学目标。教师应该用一视同仁地态度去对待每一位学生，让每一位学生都能够感受到老师的关心和尊重，不应该对差生表示不满，甚至当众训斥，羞辱，这样会打消他们的学习积极性。另外，不少学生会因为一时紧张，不能迅速想出合适的词来完成所要表达的意思，有些教师为了教学流程能快速进行下去，采取了主动帮助学生说完的方式。这种做法看似节省时间，却不知，他在不经意间伤了学生自尊心，挫败了他们的学习积极性。成功的教学依赖于真诚理解和相互信赖的教学关系。
三、教师需要对教学活动做出及时的评价
有效的课堂活动需要评价手段的支持。及时的评价、反馈具有导向、激励的功能，能够更好的巩固学生的学习成果。如果教学过程缺乏评价，那么学生就会处于迷茫的状态，学习上就会收效甚微。因此，在任务型教学中，要加强评价意识。可以开展学生自评，让学生谈收获，谈感想，提高他们的交流能力。也可以由教师进行评价，教师对学生在整个教学过程中的表现进行点评，肯定好的方面，改进不妥之处，使他们的学习取得更有效地回报。
评价可以从几个方面进行考虑：首先，从内容上，观察学生所说的内容是否符合话题，内容安排上是否有序。其次，从语言的组织方面，判断学生能否正确地用英语描述事物或表达自己的观点、见解，表达是否流利。再者，教师可以从学生在完成任务时所体现出来的团结合作精神出发进行评价。
教师对学生的每一个评价反馈都对学生的学习态度和学习积极性产生一定的影响。对学生的评价应避免单一性，不要只是停留在缺乏感情的“very good!” “not bad!”之类的套话上。要实现评价的多元性和多样性，较全面地来评价学生的发展与进步。教师要学会欣赏学生在学习过程中的点滴进步，善于发现他们的闪光点，使他们有信心来取得更大地进步，要用发展的眼光来看待每一位学生。
四、任务型教学活动设计案例
下面，笔者就以《牛津初中英语》8B Unit 2 Travelling为例，说明怎样有效地进行任务型教学活动。
本单元以travelling为话题，先向学生介绍了几处世界名胜，然后引入课文 “Welcome to Hong Kong”, 记叙了作者游览香港迪斯尼乐园的经过。本课是reading的第二课时，第一课时和学生一起整理了文中的一些重要词组和句子，了解了课文大意。
教学过程：
Step 1: Warming-up
笔者分别给学生展示了几幅关于香港迪斯尼乐园的图片，让学生猜图片描述的是什么
第一幅：The Sleeping Beauty Castle
第二幅: Cinderella
第三幅: The whale fountain at the entrance
第四幅：The parade with excited people
第五幅： Many souvenirs in Main Street USA
设计说明：猜谜是学生最感兴趣的活动，通过竞猜游戏给学生做热身准备，这样能充分调动学生的学习积极性，使学生迅速把注意力集中到课堂学习中来。此任务相对比较简单，适应了学生由易到难的学习规律。
Step 2: Find out the route of the trip
笔者让学生先听了遍课文录音，重新熟悉了一下课文内容，然后把学生分为八组，讨论这次游玩迪斯尼乐园的路线。先组内讨论，然后教师提问，最后全班一起讨论决定。
The route: the entrance--- Tomorrowland ---a fast food restaurant---Fantasyland--- Adventureland---Main Street USA---Sleeping Beauty Castle
设计说明：分组讨论，学生可以在团队中充分展示自己的能力，同时也从团队其他成员中得到一些感悟，充分体现了团队合作的优越性。通过完成此项任务，学生在了解课文结构的基础上，使语言能力得到了提高。
Step 3: Describe the trip to Disneyland according to the route
笔者让学生根据任务二得出的游览路线，叙述游览的过程。叙述的过程中用第一人称。先组内进行练习，组员间相互纠错评价，然后各组选派一名代表进行各组间的竞争，评出优秀小组。
设计说明：在对整个迪斯尼游览有个初步认识的基础上，让学生用自己的话描述游览过程，锻炼他们由语言输入转化为语言输出的能力。通过小组合作，组员之间相互完善，使学生的描述更为生动。根据学生自评、小组互评和教师总评相结合，选出表现好的小组，并颁发奖品，这在一定程度上激励了学生的学习热情。
Step 4: Improve the description of the trip
完成任务三之后，笔者引导学生思考自己所叙述的内容，最后得出结论：加个开头和结尾会更好，于是就产生了第四个任务。各组分别讨论怎样设计这个开头和结尾，然后全班交流。
学生的开头：We have looked forward to travelling to Hong Kong Disneyland for a long time. The day finally arrived.
学生的结尾：Hong Kong Disneyland was a wonderful place. We really had a fantastic time there. We hope to visit it again soon.
设计说明：让学生明白，一篇记事的文章，要有精彩的开始和结尾才具有完整性，才能算是好文章。通过这四个任务，让学生了解了怎样来记叙一件事情，为后面的Main Task做准备。
本案例中设计的任务由简单到复杂，前后贯通，，层层深入，由几个微任务构成了一个任务链。采取的形式有竞猜型、展示型和竞赛型，任务的多样性调动了学生的学习热情，使课堂气氛更为活跃。
很明显，教师在整个任务型教学中起着极其重要的作用。在新课程标准下，教师要深入钻研新教材，不断提高自身素质，要利用各种教学手段和方法来提高学生的听、说、读、写能力，形成有效的教学活动。
参考文献：
[1] . 教育部. 英语课程标准(实验稿) [M] 北京, 北京师范大学出版社.
[2] . 张静. 任务型教学法的应用[J] 中小学英语教学与研究(4)
[3] . 朱慕菊. 走进新课程[M]. 北京, 北京师范大学出版社.
[4] 程晓堂. 任务型语言教学[M] 北京, 北京高等教育出版社.
篇2：浅谈任务型教学在牛津高中英语中应用
【摘 要】 随着新的《英语课程标准》的颁布，“以学生自主学习为中心”而设定的英语学习目标也应运而生。如何改革传统的课堂结构模式，使师生角色互换，让课堂教学环节更加轻松愉快，最终使学生轻松的掌握阅读技巧呢？新标准中明确指出“任务型”的教学途径适合培养学生的综合语言运用能力。本文中作者从设计原则及任务形式等发面进行分析，对牛津高中英语教学中的任务型教学进行讨论。
【关键词】 牛津高中英语 任务型 设计
高中英语新课程标准的总目标之一就是培养学生的自主学习能力和语言综合运用能力。在老师的指导下能够让学生通过体验、参与、实践、讨论、合作等方式，达到学习目标所规定的要求。如何能够激发学生对学习的热情，培养学生的思维能力，提高学生综合运用语言能力，这也是“任务型教学”所采用的新的课程理念，也就成为教师课堂教学设计的核心问题。
一、任务型教学的含义和目的
《英语新课标中》中提出，高中阶段的英语课程的最终目标是培养学生的综合语言运用能力。而任务型教学就是提出一个任务，让学生们去执行。而在此过程中，学生始终处在一种积极主动的学习状态里，在完成任务的过程中同时掌握学习内容。高中年龄段的学生正处于青春期，他们对周围的事物都有着自己独特的观点和看法。他们并不满足与教科书上的知识，而是对周围方方面面的信息都比较敏感。而对于英语的学习上，他们更多的是想要学习到更多知识性与趣味性皆有的内容，而不是用死记硬背这一方法来学习英语，他们更多的是想在英语这门课程的学习中获得更多的知识和能力。任务型教学更多的是强调因材施教，激发学生们的自主学习能力，让他们真正掌握课堂内容，有所收获。
二、任务型教学的特点
2.1 目的性
在课堂教学中，要运用任务型的语言教学模式，让学生们亲自体验，逐步实现目标，这样可以培养学生们积极踊跃的学习态度，使学生们的语言综合运用能力得到提高。
2.2 互动性
课堂应以学习任务为主线，学生为主体，重视学生们的讨论、实践体验。教师在课堂中主要起“设计者、促进者、协调者的作用。把语言教学真实化和任务化，让学生用英语去完成真实情境中的应用。
2.3 合作性
教学中，师生之间想和合作，同组之间相互配合，要注重情感和策略的调整，过程中鼓励学生们多说，多想，多讨论，以过程与结果并重的方式激励学生进步。
三、任务型课堂教学在牛津版高中英语教学中的实施
本文中以牛津高中英语教材The Olympic Games Reading为教学案例进行分析。
3.1 明确教学目标：
1）通过任务型教学了解学生们的阅读难点，引导学生调整心态，集中注意力读懂细节，推断文章深意。同时通过讨论奥林匹克运动发展史来提高学生的英语综合运用能力。
2）通过文章了解“更高、更快、更强”的奥利匹克精神。让学生们思考奥运冠军能够为他们树立怎样的榜样，从奥运冠军身上能学到哪些可贵品质。
3.2 任务型课堂教学步骤
1）课前预习：学生们运用所学知识独立完成课前预习，自主探究部分。
2）教学目标解读：首先由同学们自己思考本节课的教学目标延伸，随后找同学大声朗读出屏幕上所展示的本课教学目标。
3）分组讨论：同学们每四人为一组，归纳总结他们通过文章阅读对奥林匹克运动所了解的相关知识，根据各组的回答情况给予鼓励。
4）质疑解析：每个小组派一名代表向全班总结本组所归纳的信息，然后由其他组通常提出质疑、补充、辩论。对于学生们争执不下，理解困难的问题，教师进行适当的提示、点拨，使学生能够突破难点，彻底掌握关键部分，提高学生能力。
5）实践演练：教师围绕本单元话题，对学生关于演讲体裁文章的理解和运用进行训练，指导学生关于演讲文所要掌握的重点难点。对文章所表达的深层意义进行同学们概括，教师总结。让学生们对本节课的课堂知识加以巩固。
四、对任务型教学的反思
1）教师更应该从学生角度出发，设计出可操作性强的课堂任务化活动。
2）运用多媒体教学，制作精美的课件，为学生们展示丰富的与课堂内容相关图片和视频，充分调动了学生们的课堂参与积极性，让学生们多看、多说、多想，同时创造了良好的英语交际环境。
五、结束语
任务型教学不但能促使学生们语言能力的提高，也能促进英语各学科方面的互相渗透。课堂中采用了任务型教学，使学生的主观能动性得到了充分发挥。学生们积极参与各类型的教学活动，不但能培养他们观察、思考、记忆、创新的能力，也能促进学生们相互配合，了解团队的重要性。能使学生们的综合语言素质得到提高，也让英语课堂变得更加生动，充满乐趣。
[1] 赵才欣． 任务型课程与学科教学中任务性学习的探讨[J]． 上海教学研究， （10）.
[2] 中华人民共和国教育部制订． 英语课程标准（实验稿）． E京师范大学出版社， 2001.
篇3：任务型学习理论在《牛津英语》教学中的课堂实践
任务型学习理论在《牛津英语》教学中的课堂实践
摘要：近年来“任务教学法”越来越受到重视，这与第二语言习得研究有关。任务型语言学习理论（Task-based Learning）是20世纪80年代外语教学法研究者和第二语言习得研究者在大量研究和实践的基础上提出来的有重要影响的学习理论。本文将探讨任务型教学法的理论基础和在《牛津英语》教学中的课堂教学设计和实践。
关键词：任务型学习；习得理论；课堂教学设计；实践
近年来“任务教学法”越来越受到重视，这与第二语言习得研究有关。该学说认为个体通过用目的语进行有意义的'交际而获得该语言，而任务可以为学习参与者之间进行信息交换、意义协商、思想表达等提供机会。(Marion Williams & Robert L. Burden , :168). 任务型语言学习理论（Task-based Learning）是20世纪80年代外语教学法研究者和第二语言习得研究者在大量研究和实践的基础上提出来的有重要影响的学习理论。在语言教学理论中有有关任务的大量论述。
那么什么是task呢？M. Long (1985:89) 给task下了这样的定义：a task is a piece of work undertaken for oneself or for others, freely or for some reward. Thus examples of tasks include painting a fence, dressing a child… In other words, by “ task” is meant the hundred and one things people do in everyday life, at work, at play and in between.
Jane Willis(:23) 对task给出了这样的定义: A task is an activity in which:
l meaning is primary
l learners are not given other people’s meaning to regurgitate.
l there is some sort of relationship to comparable real-world activities
l task completion has some priority
l the assessment of the task is in terms of outcomes.
国家教育（www.xfhttp.com－上网第一站xfhttp教育网）部《英语课程标准》明确指出：提倡任务型教学模式，要求“教师应该避免单纯传授语言知识的教学方法，尽量采用‘任务型’的教学途径”。把综合语言运用能力的培养落实在教学过程中，倡导体验、实践、参与、交流和合作的学习方式，实现任务的目标，感受成功，强调学生能用英语做事情。
[1] [2] [3] [4] [5]
篇4：高一英语期末复习教师随笔(译林牛津版英语高一)
Ⅰ单项选择：
1. We have to __________ some practical measures.
A. come out B. come up with
C. come up D. come about
2. ---You ________part in the party in time.
---Sorry, I was delayed by the accident.
A. are supposed to take B. have supposed to take
C. are supposed to have takenD. supposed to have take
3. The popular musician was asked ________ she should intend to be her partner in the next concert.
A. what B. whomC. howD. when
4. A plan has been put forward _______ from next month on electricity fee should be paid at the bank.
A. that B. whether C. when D. where
5. When I caught him cheating me, I stopped ____ things in his shop.
A. buyingB. buy C. to buy D. bought
6. The words of his old teacher left a ______ impression on his mind. He is till affected by them.
A. lasting B. lively C. long D. real
7. The woman is abnormal. Sometimes she is very _____ but sometimes she is really fierce.
A. gentleB. terrible C. frighteningD. fearful
8. A traffic accident happened on the highway, and a driver ______.
A. may have hurt B. may be hurting
C. may be hurt D. may have been hurt
9. An exhibition of paintings ____ at the museum next week.
A. are to be held B. is to be held C. are holding D. will hold
10. Every possible means ____, but none ____ successful．
A. has tried; has proved B. tried; proves
C. has been tried; provesD. is being tried; is proved
11. When we see this kind of film, we can experience anything in the film, even feelings. Everyone will be surprised at _______ it feels.
A. what real B. how real C. how reallyD. which really
12. Letters _______ in the post office before they are sent out.
A. sort B. be sorted C. are being sorted D. are sorted
13. I know Fanning was closed down at the end of , but ____ Fanning’s dream finally began to fade?
A. How was it B. What was it that
C. When was that D. When was it that
14. Not only _____ to stay in from the rain. To his joy, he was invited to dinner with the host.
A. did the stranger allow B. was the stranger allowed
C. the stranger allowedD. the stranger was allowed
15. Mr Green is said ____ an experiment to prove the new method of solving the problem when young.
A. to do B. to have done C. to be doing D. to have been doing
Ⅱ 单词拼写：.
1. New technology has enabled development of an online “v_______________ library”,
2. When it comes to job interviews, first i_______________ are important.
3. He was t_______________ about being asked to play the leading role.
4. U______________ entering the room she saw him.
5. I can send him a note v_______________ the internal mail system.
6. The mailman d_______________ the letters on time.
7. The two football players seem like enemies on the field but in r___________ they are good friends.
8. The nurse m_______________ the patient’s condition carefully.
9. She was a truly _______________(非凡的) woman.
10. I hope you will find true ________________(幸福).
11. The _______________(战役) finally brought the war to an end.
12. We need to develop the steel _______________(工业).
13. It’s nice to be on the _______________(获胜的) side for a change.
14. The wood was wet and would not _______________(燃烧).
15. You look _______________(极好的) in that dress.
Ⅲ 选用下列词组填空，必要时改变形式：
1. An engineer from Jiang Su_____________ this project now.
2. Many IT workers______________ piracy of various softwares.
3. The film____________ the mountainous area is popular with audience.
4. He___________ as the best actress in International Film Festival.
5. He_____________ being attacked by wild animals and stayed for the night in forest.
6. The miners were finally rescued____________ first Aid Team.
7. ________________ his disappointing daughter, the old man went away in silence.
8. At the meeting, the sales manager_________ that he would like to see the product promoted.
9. The Olympic torch______________ from one torch bearer to another.
10. What he said at the conference_______________ the audience present.
Ⅳ 改写句子：根据要求完成句子（单词和句子大多数来自课本）
1. With the rapid development of science and technology, some of our wildest dreams could come true in the future. （填入一词，完成下面句子，并保持两个句子意思一致）
As science ____________ rapidly in the direction of technology, some of our fantasies could become real in tomorrow’s world.
2. However, with VR we are able to do some things that could never be achieved in real life.（填入一词，完成下面句子，并保持两个句子意思一致）
However, VR enables us in some way to do __________ could never be achieved in real life.
3. During the first few years, the company did not make a profit and Mr Bezos thought that his efforts would not pay off. （填入一词，完成下面句子，并保持两个句子意思一致）
At the beginning, the company made no profit and in Mr Bezos’s mind all his efforts would end in _____.
4. She likes traveling and is quite familiar with many countries. （填入一词，完成下面句子，并保持两个句子意思一致）
She is fond of traveling and has a wide _____________ of many countries.
5. In the active voice, some verbs (such as see, find, make etc.) are followed by an object and a bare infinitive (without “to”). In the passive voice, we change the bare infinitive into the to-infinitive. e.g. I saw him go there. → He was seen to go there. （填入一词，完成下面的总结）
A grammatic ____________ is given here about the changes between the active and
篇5：在英语阅读教学中运用任务型教学
在英语阅读教学中运用任务型教学
学好英语需要四种基本技能--听,说,读,写.对高中生来说,阅读是一种关键性的技能.本文将要探讨一种教学法--任务型教学或学习.
作 者：杨富合 作者单位：青海乐部县第一中学 刊 名：中国校外教育（理论） 英文刊名：CHINA AFTER SCHOOL EDUCATION 年，卷(期)： “”(z1) 分类号：H3 关键词：任务型学习 略读 导读 精读 讨论篇6：牛津8B unit8 教案教学设计(译林牛津版英语八年级)
Grammar
Teaching aims:
To learn to use passive voice in the simple future tense.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Presentation
1. Show some pictures and present the new words: display, pollute, harm, living.
2. Let some students spell the words.
3. Read after the teacher.
4. Read together.
Step 2 Explanation
1. 被动语态的一般将来时的概念
被动语态的一般将来时用来描述将要发生的动作。
e.g. He will be/is going to be taken to hospital in a few minutes.
他几分钟之内就会被送到医院。
The food will be /is going to be eaten by the dog soon.
这些食物马上就会被狗吃掉。
2. 被动语态的一般将来时的构成
主语 will be/ be going to be 过去分词
I will be /am going to be
supported.
You /We /They will be /are going to be
He /She/It will be /is going to be
注意：主语是第一人称时，被动语态的一般将来时也可以用“shall be+动词的过去分词”来表达。
Step 3 Practice
1. Complete part A on page 112.
2. Check the answers.
3. Complete part B on page 113.
4. Check the answers.
Step 4 Exercises
I. 根据句意及括号内所给动词的提示填空。
1. A cat __________ (keep) in my grandmother’s house.
2. The concert ___________ (hold) last Friday evening.
3. Jane was made __________ (work) ten hours a day.
4. A new hospital _________________ ______ (build) in our city next year.
5. More than 50 trees ________________ (plant) since last month.
II. Complete part C on page 114.
Step 5 Homework
1. Review the contents of this lesson.
2. Finish the exercises in the workbook.
3. Preview the next lesson.
Integrated skills
Teaching aims:
1. Learn some words and phrases.
2. Practise listening skills by listening to a text.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
Translate some sentences.
1被扔进湖里be thrown into lakes
2被装满 be filled with
3使人们生病make people ill/sick
4将来in the future
5清理clean up
6和……一样as well as
7土地和水污染 land and water pollution
8采取行动做某事 take action to do sth.
9有机会做某事 have chance to do sth.
10考虑 think about
11这场演出将会在你们学校礼堂举行。
The show will be held at the school hall.
12污染是世界上最大的问题之一。
Pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world today.
Step 2 Presentation
Present the new words.
empty adj. 空的
survey n. 调查
Read aloud these new words
Step 3 Warming up
How can we live a green life?
What can we do to protect the environment in our daily lives?
Using some pictures to show how to go green in our daily lives.
Step 4 Listening
Listen to the tape and finish Part A1.
The Class 1, Grade 8 students want to do a survey to get some ideas for their presentation on how to go green. Listen to the conversation between Daniel and Sandy and write the correct information in the table below.
A survey on students’ daily habits.
Time: Survey (1) _____________
Daniel and Sandy meet:
(2) __________________
Place: (3) __________________
Numbers of students: (4) _________
Boys: (5)__________
Girls: (6) _________
Numbers of questions: (7) __________
Keys: (1) 4 p.m. this Wednesday (2) 3:40 p.m. this Wednesday (3) Room 201
(4) 50 (5) 25 (6) 25 (7) 6
Listen to the tape and finish Part A2.
Daniel and Sandy are talking about the results of the survey. Listen carefully and then complete the table below.
Daily habits Number of students
Turn off the tap when brushing teeth 35
Take showers for less than 10 minutes 20
Use both sides of the paper 40
Recycle empty bottles 15
Turn off the lights when they leave a room 41
Take their own bags to the supermarket 9
Complete Part A3.
Sandy is writing a note to Mr Wu about the survey she and Daniel have done. Help her complete the note. Use Parts A1 and A2 to help you.
Dear Mr Wu,
Daniel and I did a survey this (1)__________. Students were asked about their (2)____________.
Here are the results of the survey. Only (3)_____ students usually take showers for less than 10 minutes, but (4)_____ students turn off the tap when brushing their teeth. Only 15 students recycle (5)____________, but (6)____ students use both sides of the paper. It is great that most students remember to (7)_________ the lights when they leave a room, but few students take their own (8)________ to the supermarket.
The survey shows that students are doing a lot to help protect the environment, but there are still many more things they can do.
Sandy
Keys: 1. Wednesday 2. daily habits 3. 20 4. 35 5. empty bottles 6. 40 7. turn off 8. bags
Step 5 Speak up
1. Listen to the conversation between Sandy and Kitty then answer the questions:
1) What has been a serious problem all around the world?
2) What can Kitty do to protect the environment?
3) Is air pollution harmful to our health?
2. Listen to their conversation again and find out the advantages of planting trees.
Trees make our town look nicer.
Trees reduce dust and help keep air clean.
Trees help keep soil in place during storms.
Trees provide home for animals.
3. Read aloud the conversation then work in pairs to ask and answer. Use the conversation as a model
4. Make your own dialogue.
Sample conversation
S 1: Water is very important for all living things.
S 2: Yes. We should use our water carefully and not waste it.
S 1: Right. We can help save water by doing many simple things like turning off the tap while we brush our teeth.
S 2: Taking short showers saves even more water.
S 1: Saving water is good for the environment. I hope all of us do our best to save water.
S 2: I hope so too.
Step 6 Language points
1. I think our town will look nicer with more trees around.
句中with more trees around 为介词短语，起副词作用。Around 用作副词，意思是“周围，四周”。
e.g. I could hear laughter all around. 我可以听见周围的笑声。
2. Air pollution is harmful to our health.
be harmful to sb.= harm sb. = do harm to sb. 对某人有害
e.g. Air pollution is harmful to our health.
= Air pollution harm to our health.
= Air pollution does harm to our health.
空气污染对我们的健康是有害的。
3. They provide home for animals too.
provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.
提供给某人某物
e.g. They provide homes for animals.
= They provide animals with homes.
他们给动物提供了家园。
Step 7 Let’s do a survey.
Work in groups of four and ask your group members about their daily habits. Then write a short passage about the results and report it to the class.
Step 8 Exercises
一、根据汉语提示填空。
1. There is a ______(调查) on learning English.
2. He joined an English club to improve his ______ (日常的) English.
3. Smoking is a kind of bad _______(习惯) .
4. Some of the waste material can be reworked for _________ (再利用).
Keys: 1 survey 2 daily 3 habit 4 recycling
二、汉译英。
1. 几乎没有学生带他们自己的袋子去超市。
2. 这是调查的结果。
Keys: 1. Few students take their own bags to the supermarket.
2. Here are the results of the survey.
Step 9 Homework
1. Remember the new words in this lesson.
2. Preview the next lesson.
Study skills
Teaching aims:
1. To learn to talk about how to protect the environment
2. To learn to correct the mistakes by checking the work
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
Translate the phrases and sentences.
1.关掉水龙头
2.少于
3. 扔掉
4. 依靠
5. 自然资源
6. 洗澡
7. 刷牙
8. 学生的数量
9. 用纸的两面
10. 回收空瓶子
11. 关灯
12. 做一个调查
13. …的结果
14. 保护环境
15. 几乎没有学生带他们自己的袋子去超市。
16. 这是调查的结果。
17. 调查表明学生为帮助保护环境正在做许多事。
Step 2 Presentation
1. Present some new words with pictures and then read them aloud
2. Let some students spell the words.
3. Read after the teacher.
4. Read together.
Step 3 Study skills
1. Explanation
We can correct a lot of our own mistakes by checking our work. After we have finished a piece of writing, always spend some time reading it through.
Types of mistakes
Step 4 Exercises
1. Complete the exercises on textbook.
Millie has written an article. Help her check her work. Underline the mistake, make the corrections and decide the types of mistakes she has made.
Let’s protect the environment!
People depend natural resources to live. Water and soil help provide us with necessary food and drinks. Coal, oil and natural gas is not only useful for families, but have a wider use for factorys.
Some natural resources are around us, such as water. Others like coal, oil and natural gas are dug up from the ground. They will form over thousands or even millions of years. As a result, it is very important for us to use them wise. If they are used and thrown away carelessly. finally some of them will run out.
It is time for us to take proper actions to protect our enviromnent. We should try produce less waste, reuse or recycle things if possible?
2. Check the answers.
3. Then read them aloud.
4. Do more exercises
Correct mistakes in the sentences.
1) You should pay not attention to his words.
2) Nobody can prove him wrongly.
3) Who made them so sadly?
4) What a valuable advice it is!
5) I really don’t know what to solve the problem.
6) I don’t see anything strange about the photo, too.
7) What is he look like? He is kind and helpful.
8) Listen, the music is sounding beautiful.
Step 5 Homework
Write a short passage “My green life” and use the skills we have learnt today to check your work.
Task
Teaching aims:
1. To learn some information about going green.
2. To learn how to write a script on how to go green.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Presentation
1. Show some pictures and present the new words: simple, step, power.
2. Read after the teacher.
3. Read together.
Step 2 Warming up
Discuss: How can we go green?
go green = protect the environment
Step 3 Brainstorm
What can we do to save water?
What can we do to save power?
What can we do to reduce pollution?
Step 4 Reading
Read Millie’s notes on page 118 and find out:
What can we do to save water?
What can we do to save power?
What can we do to reduce pollution?
Which else can we do to live a green life?
Step 5 Practice
1. Complete Millie’s script on page 119.
2. Check the answers.
3. Read together.
Step 6 Language points
Here are some simple steps to take.
take some steps 采取一些措施
e.g. We should take some simple steps to save water.
我们应该采取一些简单的措施来节约用水。
Step 7 Writing
Show some pictures about protecting environment. Let the students to give a presentation on how to go green.
Useful expressions:
1) It is time for us to ….
2) We can save water by ….
3) We should use/take ….
4) … is a good way to ….
5) It is important for us to ….
6) It is good to ….
7) Moreover, ….
Step 8 Exercises
I. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1. The waste can ______________(separate) into different groups to recycle.
2. Take your own bags when __________ (shop).
3. You should do more exercise and watch ______ (little) TV.
4. We can save water by ________ (take) shorter showers.
5. You need to check your homework after finishing _________ (write).
II. 汉译英。
1. 我们可以通过缩短淋浴时间来节约用水。
2. 为了节约电力，当我们离开房间时应该把灯关掉。
3. 好习惯能够帮助减少污染。
4. 对我们来说养成环保的生活方式很重要。
5. 遵循这些小步骤，你可以对地球产生大影响。
6. 当电视和电脑不用时，我们应该关掉电源。
Step 9 Homework
1. Finish your script.
2. Review all the new words and language points in this unit.
篇7：Reading 阅读快餐 教学案例(译林牛津版英语高二)
“推理判断”在阅读理解中属于深层次题，而且在高考中占很大比重。
“推理判断”题要求在理解整个语篇的基础上，从文章所提供信息的各个方面着手，抓住关键语句，运用逻辑思维，并借助常识，透过表层，理解文章的深层含义或寓意。尽管这项技能难以掌握，但在历届高考考试中，甚至一切考试中，它都倍受出题者的青睐。
一、出题模式
考查考生对整个语篇进行判断推理的能力时，通常是以下列方式提出问题的：
1. We can conclude that... 2. We may infer that...
3. The writer suggests that... 4. The story implies that...
5. What the writer really means is... 6. It can be inferred from the passage that...
7. According to the passage, you can see... 8. It can be seen from the passage that...
考查考生对作者观点、态度及语气、语调的理解时，常见的设问有：
1. What does the author think of...? 2. How does the author feel about...?
3. What's the tone of this passage? 4. The tone of this passage is...
考查考生文章的来源或该文的出处做出判断时， 通常提问的方式有：
1. This selection might be some parts of a book concerned with...
2. This passage might be taken out of a book dealing with...
3. Where did this passage most probably appear?
4. These extracts are probably taken from...
二、技巧解疑
要进行正确的推理，首先应对文章的写作特点或推理特点有所了解。推理是揭示事态的原因或结果，这类文章通常是以三种方式展开的。
第一种是从结果到原因，重点在原因。其推理方式往往是首先提出一个问题或叙述一个事实，然后给予答案或说明原因。
第二种推理方式是从原因到结果，重点在结果。其推理方式是首先在导言中提出问题，然后指出或列举这个问题可能引起或已经引起的后果。
第三种推理方式是因果连锁反应，即前一个矛盾统一体中的结果又连为后一个矛盾统一体中的原因。掌握文章的推理方式，在进行推理时是大有帮助的。
其次是要看清题意和题型要求，还要在阅读时注意收集各种线索，捕捉与之有关的信息。另
外，在选择答案时，因其大同小异，模棱两可，应根据题意要求，选择最切合原文内容的一个。但往往很多文章并不严格依照这三种模式来展开，所以，做题时就得靠考生保持清醒的头脑，从文章给出的事实和逻辑两个方面去判断推理了。 当考生遇到问及作者的态度，观点的考题时，首先要通读全文，对文章的写作风格有所了解，尤其要仔细领会文章的主题思想，因为它通常能规定作者的写作笔调。其次，要注意作者在描述事物，表达观点时遣词造句的方式。因为在表达个人看法时，作者往往用一些带有个人感情色彩或褒贬分明的词汇，阅读时多加注意就能做出正确的判断。
下面，我们一起来看看一篇阅读理解题的片段，试试能否选出正确答案。
(1) …
(2) …
(3) Social psychologist Carrol Dweck, PhD, tested the effects of overpraise on 400 fifth graders while she was at Columbia University. She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”.
(4) “Praising attributes(品质) or abilities makes a false promise that success will come to you because you have that quality, and it devalues effort, so children are afraid to take on challenges, ” says Dweck, now at Stanford University, “They figure they’s better quit while they’re ahead.”
62. The author quoted(引用) Dr. Dweck’s words in the last paragraph in order to make the article
_____.
A. better-knownB. better-organized C. more percussive D. more interesting
63. We can infer from the passage that _____.
A. praise for efforts should be more encouraged
B. praise for results works better than praise for efforts
C. praising a child’s achievements benefits his or her success in life
D. praising a child’s abilities encourage him or her to take on challenges
以上两小题均为推理判断题，答案没有直接表达在短文里，但62题从第四段引用Dr. Dweck’s 的话，让人看到这种表扬会导致孩子们退缩，害怕挑战，从而使文章更具震撼力。所以答案为C。63从第三段She found that kids praised for “trying hard” did better on tests and were more likely to take on difficult assignments than those praised for being “smart”.可以得知答案是A。
从上面例题我们可以看出，推断的内容在文章中虽没有明确的叙述，但却暗含在文字之中。因此在进行推断时，必须要靠有关的文字部分作为推理的前提和依据，千万不能想当
三、高考实战
请做天津高考卷阅读理解题的D篇。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了被动获得知识所存在的一个严重的问题--被告知的可能是谣言。并用现实生活中简单的事例加以说明。
We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被动地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers.
Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor(谣言).
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.
That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上标记）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.
48. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.
A. doing a medical experiment B. solving a math problem
C. visiting an exhibitionD. doing scientific reasoning
49. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.
A. active learningB. knowledge C. communicationD. passive learning
50. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.
A. a message may be changed when being passed on
B. a message should be delivered in different ways
C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing
D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor
51. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Active learning is less important. B. Passive learning may not be reliable.
C. Active learning occurs more frequently. D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.
请做08年高考全国卷Ⅰ阅读理解E篇。本文介绍了美国著名的生物学家Edward Wilson 的著作The Future of Life中的一些有关如何开发、利用和保护自然资源的情况。
Edward Wilson is America’s, if not the world’s, leading naturalist. In The Future of Life, he takes us on a tour of the world’s natural resources(资源). How are they used? What has been lost? What remains and is it able to continue with the present speed of use? Wilson also points out the need to understand fully the biodiversity(生物多样性)of our earth.
Wilson begins with an open letter to the pioneer in environment (环境) protection, Henry David Thoreau. He compares today’s Walden Pond with that of Thoreau’s day. Wilson will use such comparisons for the rest of the book. The problem is clear: man has done great damage to his home over the years. Van the earth, with human help, be made to return to biodiversity levels that will be able to support us in the future?
Biodiversity, Wilson argues, is the key to settling many problems the earth faces today. Even our agricultural crops can gain advantages from it. A mere hundred species(物种) are the basis of our food supply, of which but twenty carry the load. Wilson suggests changing this situation by looking into ten thousand species that could be made use of, which will be a way to reduce the clearing of the natural homes of plants and animals to enlarge farming areas.
At the end of the book, Wilson discusses the importance of human values in considering the environment. If you are to continue to live on the earth, you may well read and act on the ideas in this book.
72. We learn from the text that Wilson cares most about ______
A. the environment for plants B. the biodiversity of our earth
C. the wastes of natural resources D. the importance of human values
75. We can infer that the text is _______
A. a description of natural resources B. a research report
C. a book review D. an introduction to a scientist.
总之，“推理判断”只是英语阅读能力中的一部分，而该能力的培养是一个渐进的复杂过程，要养成每天阅读英语的习惯，循序渐进，持之以恒，精泛结合，广泛猎奇。在潜移默化中你会感觉到你的阅读能力又有了长足的提高。
答案：
48. 推理判断题。由文章第二段前两句we achieve knowledge passively by being told by some else,……in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV of read newspaper or magazines is passive可知被动学习是指由别人告知所获得的知识。故选C. A、B、D 都是主动学习。
49. 推理判断题。根据it 所在句可知这个代词指代的是前句所提的被动学习，句意：在日常生活中依靠被动学习并不奇怪。D为正确答案.。
50. 推理判断题。通过第四段最后一句可知，原始的含义改变了，例证了第三段提出的论点“被动学习使我们接受被告知的事物，甚至有时是谣言。”因此A项为正确项。
51. 推理判断题。此题可用排除法。A、C两项未提，而由最后一段第一句可知D项不正确。由文章第三段加后几段的例证可推知B 项正确。
72. 推理判断题。文章第一段Edward Wilson的书The Future of Life不仅让我们对资源的来龙去脉有一个很好地了解,而且指出“我们有必要对地球的生物多样性有一个充分的了解。”第三段的语句Biodiversity, Wilson argues, is the key to settling many problems the earth faces today.也说明了Biodiversity是解决地球面临许多问题的关键。故选B项。
75. 推理判断题。从文章开头的In The Future of Life, he takes us on a tour of the world’s natural resources(资源).到结尾处的At the end of the book, Wilson discusses the importance of human values…可知该文是介绍一本书的内容。故选C项。
篇8：牛津7AUnit6(译林牛津版七年级英语上册教案教学设计)
Teaching content：Comic strip and welcome to the unit
Teaching aims：1.复习掌握已学过的衣服的名称。
2.复习掌握已学过的颜色单词。
3.掌握并会使用服装的制作材料。
4.掌握并灵活运用课文中的对话。
5.教育学生养成乐于助人的品质。
Teaching focus ：1.衣服的名称及其制作材料。
2.会描述人物的穿着打扮。
Teaching aids：教学挂图，多媒体。
Teaching procedure：
Warming up:
Let the students see some pictures of the fashion show on the screen.
Pre - task:
1. Use the pictures to review the names of the clothes.
2. Review the colours. Ask the Ss to say the colours of the clothes.
3. Describe yourself what you are wearing today. Then ask some students to describe what they are wearing.
While- task:
1. Eddie is going to a fashion show. Will you please help him to dress up?
2. See some pictures of different kinds of dogs in clothes on the screen.
3. Use the pictures on the screen to present some new words: the material of the clothes. (silk, cotton, leather, wool,)
eg. Look at this lovely dog. Its scarf is white, and its made of silk.
4.Practise
Now Eddie is on the fashion show. He looks smart. He is doing a good job. He raises a lot of money for Project Hope. Use the following words to describe what Eddie is wearing.
names shoes hat scarf coat
colours black red white Yellow
materials leather wool silk cotton
5．Learn “comic strip”.
A. Present the comic strip. Help the Ss understand the meaning.
eg. Eddie is going to a fashion show. But he doesn't know what to wear. So he asks Hobo. Hobo tells him not to wear any clothes because dogs don't wear clothes.
B. Repeat the dialogue
C. Read the dialogue after the teacher.
D. Ask some students to act it out.
Post- task:
1.Welcome to the unit
A. Looking good and raising money.
The students are giving a fashion show to raise money for Project Hope. Look at the two students below and put the following words in the correct boxes.
B. Clothes and materials
Millie wants to join the fashion show. She wants to know the names of the names of the different materials. Help her write the correct words under the pictures.
2. Give a fashion show
Ask several students to give a fashion show.
The Second Teaching Plan Of Unit 6
Teaching Aims: (1) 认知目标：学习本课阅读内容。To learn the main diea of the reading.
(2) 技能目标：通过学生的活动，口头表达某人的衣着。初步完成本单元任务活动。
（3）情感目标：师生双边活动，增强亲合力，共同感受时装魅力。
Teaching contents: To learn the reading part of this unit, to grasp the main idea of this unit
Teaching Language Points: raise money; Project Hope, in /from 1980s;look colorful, / smart/modern /cool; a pair of blue jeans, fashion show.
Teaching procedures:
1. Lead-in (1)Select some Ss, Say something about their clothes. Pay attention to size, colour, and ues some suitable adjective words. Such as : smart, modern, cool, …
eg: 1. What colour is his coat?
2. What size is it ?
3. Does he look cool? …
(2) Ask the some Ss to describe my clothes. (to express one’s fashion with the words appeared in the reading. )
2. Warming up exercises: Present the new materials by picture.
(1) To distinguish the fashions in different times.(through pictures prepared.)
(2) Sum up. To describe a person in a short passage. (according to the pictures.)
Just like: “Deniel looked smart and modern. He wore blue and yellow sports clothes. He also wore a pair of colourful trainers. ”
3. Present the new materials; (1) Listening to the tape recorder and try to finish the form below.
Simon Clothes(1980s) Looked colourful Trousers were _____.His shirt was __ ____His tie was _______
Daniel ------ Looked ____ & ____. He wore ________.He also ______ trainers
Millie Give a talk on “_______” Young people ______ in 1990s. The trainers are _______.
Amy Young people like to wear ___________ Looked cool . She wore a yellow ‘silk blouse with ______ and a pair of blue jeans _____.
Sandy (I) Clothes(1990s) I wore ___, ____ and ______. I also wore my hair _____.
(2)Ask the Ss to sum up the impression on each student.(axxording to the form above)
(3) Try to retell the main ideas of the story.
4.Ask Ss to draw some pictures about Simon, Daniel, Millie, Amy and I.
This course is for the purpose of main task
5.Ss’ activities. Say something about the pictures drawn on the Bb.
6. Listen and read after the tape. (Pay attention to the intonation and pronunciation.) and try to translate some important sentences into Chinese.
7. Homework for today. Draw a picture of oneself in fashion for the Fashion Wall.
The Third Period of Unit 6
Teaching Contents: Reading A B
Teaching Topic: The Fashion Show
Teaching Aims: 1、进一步理解课文的主题
2、学习有关服装的名称、面料、色彩的运用
3、能够描述某个人的着装特色，增强个人的审美意识
Teaching LanguagePoints: 用新闻报道的形式写关于时装秀的一篇短文
Ⅰ.Greeting
Ⅱ.Warming up
1. Read the names of clothes with the picture on P87 (A)
T : He / She looks beautiful ( smart modern cool)
What is it?
S: Jacket tie shirt / blouse skirt
T : What are they?
S: Shoes trousers / boots
2. Ask the students about his (her) real life.
T: What are you wearing ?
S: A shirt.
T: What’s it made of?
S: It’s made of silk (wool leather cotton).
T: What colour is it?
S: It’s red .(yellow black white blue green purple)
Ⅲ. Reading (1)
1. Read the new words.
T: Last Friday ,Sandy’s class gave a fashion show.
Can you read the new words.
a fashion show Project Hope style scarf
time times trainer trainers century
smart modern colorful comfortable cool
2. Read the text
3. Qs and As
T: (1) Who wore white shoes?
(2) What did Simon wear?
(3) Who wore a blouse?
(4) What did Amy wear?
(5) Who wore sport clothes?
(6) Who wore a black skirt?
(7) Was Amy’s blouse silk? Was Amy’s scarf wool?
4. Fill in the blanks.
Name Clothes
Simon
Daniel
Sandy
Amy
Ⅳ.Reading (2)
T: Now let’s look at P90 (B) “Style and fashion”
Finish Kitty’s notes.
1. Simon wore a pair of white_____________
2. Millie talked about sports shoes called _____________
3.Young people like to wear trainers because they are ____________
4.Sandy wore a red____________
5. Simon’s _________ was yellow and red.
6.Amy wore a yellow __________ blouse and a pair of blue jeans.
Ⅴ.Post-task activity
(1) T: Now , I’ll ask you to say something about your friend’s fashionable clothes. And let’s guess who he is / she is .
S: He /She is wearing ….
(2) T: OK. Please come to the front and say something about yourself.
S: I’m wearing…
Ⅵ. Reading (3)
The students read the text again.
Ⅶ. Homework.
T: Please write an article about your friend’s fashionable clothes.
( about the fashion show)
The Fourth Period Of Unit 6 Fashion
Topic: Reading C, D
Aims:
1. Identify clothes and learn the names appeared in the reading part.
2. Arouse students’ enthusiasm for contacting others by interviewing.
3. Developing the ability of useing
I. Greetings
T: Hello, everyboy. Nice to see you again .Oh, Student A, your shirt is very beautiful, who bought it for you?
A: My father did.
T: Oh, I see. Student B, you look colourful. I think you can give a fashion show.
B: Thank you.
T: Do you still remember the fashion show?
Ss: Yes, we do.
II. Fashionable Clothes (C1)
1.T: Ok, let’s look at the pictures. Please tell us what these are.
(Teacher show them the pictures on the blackboard, ask students to tell the names.)
Picture One
C: scarf
T: Yes, scarf, a blue silk scarf. Read after me, please.
(Students read after teacher. Repeat the steps to go over the left pictures. Shirt, a black shirt;
boot, a pair of long red boots; tie, a yelllow and red tie; trousers, a pair of white trousers; trainers, a pair of colourful trainers.)
T: Good. Who wore these colthes at the fashion show? Who can answer this question? Please read the passage ‘ The fashion show’’, then answer the question.
(Students read it quickly.)
T: Who wore the scarf? Student E , please.
E: Amy wore the blue silk scarf at the fashion show.
(Ask students do the rest questions, write the names on the lines.)
2. Ask students to do the exercises in pairs like this:
A: What is this?
B: It’s a …..
A: Who wore it/them at the fashion show?
B: ….. did.
III. Fashionable Clothes (C2 )
T: Let’s come to the next part. Kitty wants to check her notes before she writes the article. Help her read her notes below. Write a T if the sentence is true. Write an F if it is false. Go ahead.
(Students read and check. Ask them to give the answers. If the sentence is false, ask them why, then correct it. Students read the true sentences.)
IV. A television interview
1.T: Kitty interviewed Simon and Sandy after the fashion show. Here are six sentences said by them. Read the sentences, then listern to the tape, try to find out who said what then write the correct numbers in the blanks.
(After the students finish reading the sentences, play the tape for them to listen to then ask them to write the numbers.)
2.T: Kitty interviewed Simon and Sandy after the fashion show. Do you know how Kitty interviewed them? Next please work in pairs or groups to act out the interview. Please use the sentences given in our textbook.
(Student prepair and act out the interview.)
V. Homework.Suggest some of our classmates just came from a fashion show. Do you want to know something about the fashion show? Do you want to know something about him?
The Fifth Period of Unit 6
TeachingContents: Vocabulary
TeachingTopics: Fashion Clothes
Teaching Aims :①To recognize adjectives that describe clothing
②To use adjectives to express opininons about how things look
Ⅰ:Warming up
T:Good morning
S:Good morning
T:What are you wearing ?
S:A silk shirt
T:Very beautiful
S:Thank you
Ⅱ: Part (A)
1,Show the six pictures and let the students guess who they are
S: Picture 1:Sandy
2:Amy
3;sandy
4:simon
5:Daniel
6:Daniel
2,Ask stronger classes to describe what their classmates are wearing. They can also describe their favourite clothes they wear at weekends.
e.g..Amy is wearing a yellow silk blouse
Sandy is wearing a pair of long red boots
3,Read the new words
boots blouse skirt tie trainers T-shirt
Ⅲ:Part (B)
1: help students describe the appearance of clothes with a wider range of adjectives. Introduce the idea of opposites. Brainstorm some common words:
big-small
old-new
short-long
slim-fat
young-old
2 :Ask students to do Part B on their own . For weaker classes, you may need to pre-teach or check the meaning of some words.
3:Have students compare answers with a partner’s. You could ask S1 to say the numbered words, one at a time ,and S2to say the word with the opposite meaning.
Ⅳ:Do a game
students work in pairs to describe a boy’s(girl’s) appearance and clothes,guess who he (she) is.
Game: He is wearing a yellow blouse and his clothes is heavy.
Q: Who is he ?
Extension activity
Do a survey. Write the table below on the board. Divide the class into groups of four.Have students interview each other using these questions.
What is your favourite clothing item? What materal is it made from? What colour is it?
Name of classmate Favourite clothes Material Colour
1
2
3
4
Ask students to present their fingings. Write some model sentences on the board to help students talk about their findings.
`they all like…’
‘One student like …and two students like…’
Ⅴ.Homework
1:Read the text after class
2:Preview grammar
The 6th and 7th Period Grammar
A Simple past tense
Task-based Teaching Aims:
1. Cognitive Development
Make sure students can recognize the tense freely.
2. Proficiency Level
To develop their integrated skills through listening, reading, speaking and writing. They can use the tense to make up sentences and dialogues freely after learning. They can also recognize and use adverbs to order events.
3. Affective Learning
To develop their enjoyments of life and things around them, especially the success of learning, through interactive teaching and student-oriented teaching.
4. Cultural Understanding
Make them feel the cultural differences between Eastern and Western Countries.
Step 1 Revise the purpose and use of the simple past tense by using a timeline. Draw a timeline on the board to show how the simple past tense is expressed in English. Give students some common time expressions: yesterday, last night, a month ago, yesterday afternoon, last week, ten years ago and make sure they can use the simple past tense to talk about things in the past.
e.g. 1. Eddie met Millie 3 years ago.
2. Eddie was ill yesterday.
Step 2 Teach them how to form the simple past tense before practicing them.
We form the simple past tense by adding ‘-ed’ to regular verbs.
Most verbs + ed walk →consonant walked
Verbs ending in e + d live → lived
Verbs ending in a consonant + y - y + ied try → tried
Short verbs ending in double the
a vowel + a consonant consonant + ed stop → stopped
We form the simple past tense of irregular verbs differently. We do not add ‘ –ed’.
No change cost → cost
Change the vowel come → came
Change the consonant make → made
Change the vowel (s) and the consonant (s) buy → bought
Writing about the past
A1. Write about the simple past tense forms of the verbs below.
1. start → started 2. dress → dressed 3. play → played
4. help → helped 5. use → used 6. like → liked
7. look → looked 8. study → studied 9. plan → planned
Step 3 Talk to students about what you did last weekend and ask some questions as you go along, e.g. I had a really good weekend.
Did you have a good weekend?
I played tennis for two hours.
What did you do?
I watched a film on Saturday evening. It finished at 11 p.m.
What did you do last Saturday?
On Sunday, I took a bus from Wangfujing.
There were a lot of people.
What did you do on Sunday?
Step 4 Teach them how to use the simple past tense to make positive and negative sentences, ask and answer questions. Have them complete the conversation. Check answers and clarify any misunderstandings.
Mrs Wang: Did Millie ask Grandma about the dress on Monday?
Andy: No, she didn’t. She went to the Reading Club. Did she help you with the shopping on Tuesday?
Mrs Wang: Yes, she did. Did she play volleyball on Wednesday?
Andy: Yes, she did. But she cleaned her bedroom.
Mrs Wang: I know! Did she do her Maths project?
Andy: No, she didn’t. But she did some work for the fashion show.
Step 5 Teach them how to use the simple past tense to form positive and negative sentences, ask and answer questions with the verb ‘ to be’. Have them complete the conversation. Check answers and clarify any misunderstandings.
Millie: Were you at home on Saturday morning?
Sandy: Yes, I was.
Millie: Was your cousin at the football match?
Sandy: No, he wasn’t. He was at the shopping mall with Mum.
Millie: Were you and your parents at the cinema on Saturday evening?
Sandy: Yes, we were.
Millie: Were your grandparents at the fashion show on Friday?
Sandy: No, they weren’t.
Millie: Were we at school last Monday?
Sandy: No, we weren’t. Last Monday was a holiday.
B Sequencing events
Step 1 To recognize and use adverbs to order events. Tell them to pay attention to the simple past tense. We use these adverbs to show the order in which things happen. We put the adverbs at the beginning of a sentence as they connect the sentences. We often use them to clarify a process or a particular sequence of events.
( first, then, next, afterward, finally)
Step 2 Ask students to do a presentation about their own day using the adverbs they have learned. Encourage them to include more information. Help them choose a title. Remind them to use the simple past tense.
B1 Briefly review the adverbs, using the picturesfor support.
Ask students to write the letters in the boxes in Ppart B1 individually. Students check each other’s sequence of sentences. Monitor the class as you walk around.
B2 Set the context by reminding students about the fashion show described earlier in the unit before asking students to do B2. Link Simon’s experience to any other events your students may have been involved in. introduce the idea of woriting a picture story as a narrative using adverbs and the simple past tense to order events.
Step 3 Review key vocabualry and explain unfamiliar words: ‘ catwalk.’
Ask questions about each picture.
1) What did Simon do first?
2) What did Simon wear?
3) What did he do next?
4) Who did Simon talk to?
5) Where did he go afterwards?
Ask students to write sentences about Simon’s day using the simple past tense. Check the answers as a class activity.
The Eighth Period of Unit 6 Fashion (Part 7)
Integrated Skills
Task-based Teaching Aims:
(1) Cognitive Development:
Through reading and listening to “The life of a trainer” , the Ss can learn and use relevant expressions freely.
(2) Proficiency Level:
To develop the Ss’ integrated skills through listening ,speaking, reading and writing .
(3) Affective Learning:
To develop the Ss’ enjoyments of life and things around them , especially the success of learning , through interactive teaching and student-oriented teaching .
(4) Cultural Understanding :
Make the Ss feel the cultural differences between Eastern and Western Countries.
Procedures:
Step One : Present a trainer and teach the different parts of it . Then listen and do part A1.
T: Is it a trainer ?
S: …
T: Do you like wearing trainers?
S: …
T: Do you know what the names of these parts are ?
S: …
T: OK. We call it “shoelace / sole / stripe / tongue”.
Step Two : Present the procedures of making a trainer .Then guide the Ss through the new words and let them speak out in English .
T: Now , boys and girls , I know that most of you like wearing trainers. Do you know how to make one ?
S: …
T: OK. First let’s have a look on the screen . Then please tell me about it .
S: …
T: OK. I know it’s very difficult for you to say . But it doesn’t matter . Now please discuss in your groups and later we’ll share your ideas together .
S: …(Discuss in groups )
T: (After listening to the Ss’ description , the teacher describes the general contents in Part A2 . Then let the Ss say after me twice . Finally listen and put the sentences in the correct order .)
Step Three : Present Part Two of the story . Then let the Ss get the general idea of it and pay much attention to the verbs past tense forms .
T: Now , we know how to make a trainer . Do you want to know how the trainer is getting along ? OK . Let’s listen carefully and complete the sentences in Part A4.
S: …
T: (After listening for three times , ask a student to present her answer , then check it . Teach the students to read the verbs and complete Part A3.)
T: Then guide the Ss to sum up the pronunciation principles of verbs past tense forms by reading themselves , such as:
清后[t], 元浊[d], [t][d]之后读[id].
eg: /t/ /d/ /id/
danced played acted
helped lived needed
talked answered visited
shopped carried shouted
Step Four :Present a fashion show and practise the sentences “What is / are … made of ? It’s/ They’re made of …”.
T: (First make a conversation with a student as a model in Part B. Then let the Ss work in groups of three to talk about the materials of their own clothes . Five or six minutes later , let them act out in the front and give the best a warm applause .)
Step Five :Written work
T: Now , we’ve learned the different parts of a trainer and how to make one . And we also see a fashion show and have learned different materials for making clothes . And would you please design some clothes and make a poster to give information about the styles , colours and materials of the clothes ? You can do it like this :
My Fashion ShowIntroduction Clothes A person wearing the clothes Introduction
T:OK. That’s all for today’s class . Thank you .
The Ninth Period of Unit 6 Fashion
Main task
Objectives
1 To describe different materials and items of clothing.
2 To make a brochure about clothes and fashion.
3 To present a brochure to the class.
Background information
Students will have opportunities to describe clothes and accessories. This section focuses on a fashion brochure for girls, which makes it necessary to bring in magazine pictures of boys’ fashions for mixed classes.
Bring in authentic brochures to show students the style of this kind of writing. Talk to students about the purpose of writing a brochure. Elicit from students as much information as possible about
1 Who are the readers?
2 What do the readers want to know?
3 How do you make your brochure look interesting to the reader?
Teaching procedures
1 Before doing the task, ask students who the audience is and emphasize the context in the Student’s Book of creating a ‘Fashion Wall’.
2 Tell students to read keywords below . Students identify any words they don’t know. Check and clarify the meaning of those words with the class.
Adjectives Clothing items MaterialsChecked hat silkSleeveless skirt cottonPatterned shirt denimLoose blouse leatherSpotted sweatshirt polyester Striped jacket viscoseFlowered sweater furTight socks linenComfortable tie Long shoesUncomfortable beltShort bootsBright suitFashionable dressModern CasualPolo-neckFormal
3 Enable students to describe themselves or their classmates by using the keywords above.
4 Ask students to read the model article on page 102. And tell them to use the model article and complete the sentences with word from Part A on page 101.
5 Check the answers and encourage students to express their opinions about the model article.
6 Tell students to choose one fashion item and make them aware of what kind of things . Their readers might like to read about . And tell students to create their own words to write a rough draft using the given model.
7 Let students read, check and correct their partner’s drafts in pairs and give them suggestions about the improvements in the use of words, spelling and structures and provide help while monitoring .
8 Make students rewrite their articles on a separate sheet of paper and add illustrations, particularly pictures of popular fashion items. Ask them to stick their work on the noticeboard and encourage them to read each other’s poster.
Sample writing
Teenagers like clothes that are fashionable and look good. My brochure is about casual, comfortable style.
First, I designed a cotton T-shirt. It is bright red and has a V-neck. It goes well with a pair of jeans. The jeans have wide legs. There are lots of big pockets at the front and back. I also designed a cotton shirt with long sleeves and buttons in the front.
Then I designed a pair of trainers to go with the jeans and T-shirt. They are very comfortable and made of white leather. They do not have laces, so they are easy to put on. The jacket I designed is blue with white sleeves.
All the clothes are comfortable to wear at weekends.
篇9：牛津8B unit2 教案教学设计(译林牛津版英语八年级)
Unit 2 Travelling
Welcome to the unit
Teaching aims:
1. To know foreign city famous tourist resorts and popular attractions.
2. Be familiar with the scenic spot and the country.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Warming up
Do you like travelling?
Do you know any famous tourist attractions in Yancheng?
Step 2 Comic strip
Look, listen and answer the questions.
1. Is Eddie happy in the first picture? Why?
2. Where is Eddie going?
3. Does Eddie want to go too?
4. What does Hobo want to bring?
5. Does Eddie feel happy at last? Why?
Step 3 Explanation
I don’t think it’ll be a holiday for me.
我想对我而言这不会是什么假期了。
这是个否定前移的句子，主句中的否定词实际是否定了从句中的内容。当主句含有I think, I believe等词语时，通常否定前移。
e.g. I don’t think it is a good idea. 我认为那不是个好主意。
Step 4 Let students look at the picture then act the dialogue out.
Step 5 Welcome the unit
If you have a chance (机会) to travel abroad (出国旅游), where will you go?
Then show some pictures about some popular attractions in foreign Countries:
the Great Wall
the Leaning Tower of Pisa
the Little Mermaid
the Statue of Liberty
the Sydney Opera House
Tower Bridge
Step 6 Read and guess
1. It is the longest wall in the world.
2. It is a present from French people. It stands for Liberty.
3. It sounds like pizza. It is leaning. It may fall down some day.
4. The girl has a fish’s tail instead of legs.
5. It is the busiest performing arts centre in the world.
6. It is a large bridge over the River Thames in London. It has twin towers.
Step 7 Work in pairs
Work in Part B.
A: What’s this, Millie?
B: It’s the Little Mermaid.
A: Where is it?
B: It’s in Copenhagen, the capital of Denmark.
A: What’s special about it?
B: It comes from the story by Hans Christian Andersen.
A: Have you ever been there? B: No, I haven’t.
Step 8 Do some exercises
Step 9 Homework
1. Prepare a fact file and write about one of your holidays.
2. Preview the new words in Reading.
Reading I
Teaching aims:
Let the students know Kitty tour of Hong Kong Disneyland’s observations and activities.
Let students talk about tourist in vocabulary.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Review
Look at some pictures and say something about them.
e.g. the Leaning Tower of Pisa
the Statue of Liberty
Mount Fuji
the Little Mermaid
Tower Bridge
…
Step 2 Free talk
1. What places of interest have you visited in China?
2. Have you ever been to Hong Kong?
Step 3 Watch a video about Hong Kong Disneyland.
Step 4 Ask students to read together.
Step 5 Present some pictures about Hong Kong Disneyland.
Step 6 Let students read the letter and answer the questions.
1. Who visited Disneyland?
2. How long did they stay in Disneyland?
Step 7 Work on B1
Kitty is back in Sunshine Town. Amy is asking Kitty about her trip. Help Kitty answer Amy’s questions.
Amy: Who did you go to Hong Kong with?
Kitty: I went there with ___________.
Amy: Where did you go during your stay there?
Kitty: We went to ____________________.
Amy: How did you get there?
Kitty: We got there ___________________.
Amy: How long did you stay in the park?
Kitty: We stayed there for ___________.
Amy: Did you enjoy yourselves there?
Kitty: Sure. We had _______________.
Step 8 Work on B2
After talking with Kitty, Amy is making notes of how Kitty spent her day at Disneyland. Help Amy complete the notes below.
A day at Disneyland
Had fun on ______________
Hurried to have a __________ and met Disney _________________ on the way
Watched a _______ of Disney characters
Watched a __________
Did some ___________
Watched ____________ in front of the castle
Step 9 Work on B3
Kitty is showing Amy her photos the other day. Complete their conversation with the words in Kitty’s letter on pages 22 and 23.
Kitty: I took lots of photos at Hong Kong Disneyland, Amy.
Amy: Oh, let me have a look. Is that Mickey Mouse?
Kitty: Yes. He looked so _____.
Amy: What’s in this photo?
Kitty: It’s Space Mountain, an ______ roller coaster. It moved at high ______ and we were __________ and laughing through the ____.
Amy: What do you think was the best part of the day?
Kitty: I think the parade of Disney __________ was really wonderful.
Amy: Was the film in the park interesting?
Kitty: Yes. The 4-D film was like _______.We could even smell the apple ____.
Amy: Did you go shopping there?
Kitty: Yes. I bought ___________ key rings. Here’s one for you.
Amy: It’s nice. Thank you.
Step 10 Work on B4
Kitty had a good time at Hong Kong Disneyland. Find the sentences in her letter that show her happiness.
We’re having a fantastic time here.
First, we had fun on Space Mountain – an indoor roller coaster in the dark.
It moved at high speed and was really exciting!
We were screaming and laughing through the ride.
It was the best part of the day.
I ran after them and couldn’t stop taking photos.
Step 11 Homework
Ask students read the article after class.
Reading II
Teaching aims:
1. To know and master some useful words/sentences/phrases.
2. To know the meaning of passage.
3. To learn more about the world and protect the environment.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
Review Kitty’s trip.
Kitty did a lot of things at Hong Kong Disneyland. She did different things at different time. Let’s complete the table about her trip.
Step 2 Language points
1. I miss you so much!
miss vt. 想念，思念
e.g. Amy misses her grandparents very much.
艾米非常想念她的爷爷奶奶。
miss作动词时还可意为“错过；没做到”，其后接动词时，应用动词-ing形式。
e.g. Kitty was sad because she missed her train.
基蒂非常伤心，因为她错过了火车。
I don't want to miss seeing that film on television tonight.
我不想错过今晚在电视上看那部影片的机会。
miss还可用作名词，意为“女士；小姐”，此时m必须大写，常用于姓名或姓之前，尤指未婚女子。
e.g. Miss Smith is a popular writer.
史密斯小姐是一位受欢迎的作家。
2. We’re having a fantastic time here.
fantastic adj. 极好的，美妙的
e.g. We watched a fantastic play yesterday evening.
昨天晚上我们看了一场非常精彩的演出。
have a fantastic time 过得愉快，玩的高 兴 = have a good time = enjoy oneself = have fun
3. Today we spent the whole day at Disneyland.
the whole day 一整天 = all the day
e.g. They spent the whole day wandering about seeing the sights.
他们花了一整天参观名胜古迹。
4. It moved at high speed and was really exciting!
at high speed意为“快速地, 非常快地”, 其中的speed为名词, 意为“速度”, at speed与at high speed意思相同。
e.g. He drives the car at (high) speed in the road.
他在路上飞快地开车。
at a speed of ...也是一个常见的短语, 表示“以……的速度”。
e.g. The train is travelling at a speed of sixty miles an hour.
火车正以每小时六十英里的速度行驶。
5. We were screaming and laughing through the ride.
1) through是介词, 可它的意思不再是我们以前学过的“从……通过，穿过”, 而是“从(某事)的开始到结束, 从头到尾”的意思。
e.g. The nurse looked after the old man through his long illness.
这个老人病了很长时间, 这个护士一直在照顾他。
2) ride n.
可数名词, 意为“乘坐, 搭乘; (乘车或骑车的)短途旅程, 旅行”, 有时也可指“距离”。
e.g. Can I have a ride on your bike?
我能坐你的自行车吗?
6. …such as Snow White and Mickey Mouse.
such as 例如
such as和for example都有“例如”的意思，但是它们的用法有所不同。
such as常用来列举同类人或事物中的多个例子。
e.g. I like animals, such as dogs, bears and pandas.
我喜欢动物，例如狗，熊和熊猫。
for example一般只以同类人或事物中的“一个”为例。
e.g. He has ever been to many countries, for example, Australia.
他曾经去过许多国家，例如，澳大利亚。
选用such as或for example填空。
1) John likes many sports, ____________, basketball.
2) She can say many languages, __________ Chinese, Italian and Russian.
7. I ran after them and couldn’t stop taking photos.
run after 跟着跑，追逐
e.g. Look, the dog is running after the rabbit.
看，这条狗正在追赶那只兔子。
cannot stop doing something 忍不住一直做某事
e.g. We could not stop laughing when we watched Tom and Jerry.
我们在看《猫和老鼠》时忍不住一直大笑。
8. I bought a couple of king rings for classmates.
a couple of 可以表示不确定的“几个”。
e.g. a couple of minutes 几分钟
短语 a couple of也可以表示“两个”
e.g. I saw a couple of men get out.
我看见有2个男人出去了。
9. Hope you’ve enjoyed yourself there.
希望你在那儿玩的开心。
这是一个省略句，省略了主语I，完整的句子是 I hope（that) you’ve enjoyed
yourself there!
在非正式行文（包括日记，卡片，便条，信件）中，有时我们会省去主语，使文字更简洁。
e.g. Hope to here from you.
期待收到你的来信。
Step 3 Do some exercises.
Step 4 Homework.
Recite the new words, phrase and sentence patterns in Reading.
Grammar
Teaching aims:
1.掌握“have/has been to” 和 “have/has gone to”的用法。
2.理解短暂性动词和延续性动词的不同用法，以及它们之间的转换。
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
Answer the questions.
1. Where has Kitty been?
2. How did she feel on Space Mountain?
3. What were they doing through the ride?
4. What did she meet on the way to the restaurant?
5. What was the best part of her day?
6. What did they do after the parade?
7. Did she buy any gifts?
8. When did they watch the fireworks?
Step 2 Study Grammar A: Using have/has been 和 have/has gone
We use have/has been to express the idea that someone went to a place and has already come back. It refers to an experience.
e.g. Mille and Amy have been to South Hill. They want to go there again.
Sandy has never been to South Hill. She wants to go with them.
We use have/has gone to express the idea that someone went to a place but has not yet returned.
e.g. Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong. They will come back next week.
Suzy is not at home at the moment.
She has gone to the bookshop.
Step 3 Summary
have/has been和have/has gone的用法
让我们一起来观察下面的句子并分析总结它们的用法!
① I have been to America many times. It’s really a modern city.
② Millie has gone to America with her family. I hope they have a great time
there.
【区别一】
通过分析上面两个例句, 你能得出什么结论呢?
___________ 表示曾经去过某地, 已经回来; 而 ___________表示说话时已经去了某地, 可能在途中, 也可能到达目的地。
③ Have you ever been to the supermarket to buy grapes?
④ Minnie and her father have been to the supermarket to buy grapes twice this
month.
⑤ Minnie and her father have gone to the supermarket to buy grapes.
【区别二】
通过分析上面三个例句, 你能得出什么结论呢?
含 ___________ 的句子中可以加 once, twice, ever, never等时间状语; 而含 ____________ 的句子中不能加此类时间状语。
【区别三】
综合分析上面五个例句, 你还能得出什么结论呢?
含 ___________ 的句子中主语的人称一般为第三人称形式; 而含 ___________ 的句子中对主语的人称没有限制。
Step 4 Practice
Finish the exercises on pages 26 & 27.
A1 The Class 1, Grade 8 students are talking about their classmates and families. Help them complete the sentences with have/has been or have/has gone.
1. Millie isn’t here. She _________ to the library.
2. Peter and Simon ____ just _____ to the library. They borrowed some interesting books.
3. My cousin __________ to Xi’an twice.
4. My parents __________ to Xi’an and they’ll stay there for a week.
5. Daniel won’t be with us at the party. He _________ to Shanghai.
A2. Daniel and Millie are chatting. Complete their conversation. Use the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
Daniel: I haven’t seen Mr Wu for days. Where ____ he _____(go)?
Millie: He __________ (go) to Tianjin to attend a meeting.
Daniel: _____ you _____ (be) anywhere recently?
Millie: Yes, I __________ to Hainan with my parents.
Daniel: Oh, that’s great! ______ you ______ to Sanya?
Millie: Sure, we _________(be) to the beach there. Look at these photos.
Daniel: The beach is beautiful. I see Andy playing on the sand too.
Millie: Yes, We went there with his family.
Daniel: I see. By the way, shall we invite Andy to go for a picnic tomorrow?
Millie: Andy isn’t here this weekend. He and his parents __________(go) to countryside. They’ll be back tomorrow afternoon.
Step 5 Study Grammar B: Verbs with for and since
We use for when we talk about a period of time, and we use since when we talk about a time point in the past.
e.g. Mr Dong has lived here for many years.
Mr Dong has lived her since he was born.
Some verbs, such as come, go, buy and leave, can be used in the present perfect sense, but they cannot be used with for or since in positive statements.
Step 6 Summary
since和for的用法
现在完成时表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始, 一直持续到现在, 多与“since +点时间”或“for +段时间”连用。for表示“经过(一段时间)”, 而since表示“自从(……以来)”。
常见结构如下：
for + 表示一段时间的状语
一段时间+ ago
since +表示过去的某一时间点
从句
e.g. He has lived here for 16 years.
他住在这里有十六年了。
He has lived here since 16 years ago.
他从十六年前起就住在这里了。
He has lived here since 1991.
他从1990年起就住在这里了。
He has lived here since he was born.
他从出生起就住在这里。
If we want to express a continuous state, we can use another way like this.
Verb Used for a continuous state Example
begin/start have/has been on
The film has been on for 20 minutes.
finish/stop
have/has been over The parade has been over for hours.
come/go/arrive
have/has been in/at
Kitty has been in Hongkong for two days.
leave
have/has been away
She has been away from home since last Tuesday.
borrow
have/has kept
She has kept this book since last week.
join
have/has been in
have/has been a member of
Simon has been a member of the Football Club since last year.
marry
have/has been married They have been married for 15 years.
die
have/has been dead
The fish have been dead for some time.
Step 7 Practice
Kitty is telling Millie about her holiday in Hong Kong on the phone. Complete what she says with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets.
My parents and I _________(arrive) in Hong Kong on the first day of the winter holiday. We _________(be) here for three days.
I __________(borrow) a book about Hong Kong a week ago. It’s very useful. I ____ ____ (keep) it with me for a few days. It helps me learn more about Hong Kong.
Now it’s noon and we’re in Ocean Park. The first dolphin show ______(begin) at 11:30 a.m. It ________(be) on for about half an hour. The show is really exciting.
Step 8 Do some exercises.
I. 慧眼识错。
1. I have borrowed the book for 3 months.
2. My bother has joined the army since he was 18.
3. Jack and Tom have lived here since 5 years.
4. The film has been on since I have come to the cinema.
5. When has Mr. Li caught a bad cold?
6. His grandfather has been died for two years.
7. Jim has gone to Beijing for ten years.
8. What time have the factory opened?
9. I have gone to Chunhua Middle School twice.
II. 同义句转换。
1. The class was over ten minutes ago.
The class _____________ for ten minutes.
2. His grandpa died in .
His grandpa ______________ for ten years.
3. The exhibition has been on for three
days.
The exhibition ____________ three days ago.
4. My parents got married 25 years ago.
My parents __________________
since 25 years ago.
5. I bought the MP3 last week.
I __________ the MP3 for a week.
6. Kitty joined the Reading Club last year.
Kitty _____________________ the Reading Club since last year.
III. 翻译下列句子。
1. 这些日子你去哪里了？
2. 我父亲已经去上海出差了。
3. 他离开家已经了。
4. 篮球赛已经开始15分钟了。
5. 20分钟前会议就已经结束了。
6. 我两年前来到了这个学校。
7. 她已经到达公司半个小时了。
8. A: Tony曾经去过法国吗？B: 是的。
A: 他去过埃菲尔铁塔吗？ B: 没有。
9. A: 我昨天没看见你。你去哪儿了？
B: 我去电影院了。
A: 你什么时候去电影院的？
B: 昨天下午。
10. A: 你爸爸去哪儿了?
B: 他去美国了。他下周回来。
11. A: 他们去印度了吗?
B: 不，没有。他们明天走。
Step 9 Homework
1. 复习for和since的用法。
2. 复习延续性动词和非延续性动词的用法。
Integrated skills
Teaching aims:
1. By reading and listening to obtain useful information
2. Can ask and answer questions about travel
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Revision
Translate some sentences.
1. 小名参军半年了。
Xiao Ming has been a soldier for half a year.
2. 我们上了8年学了。
We have been students for eight years.
3. 下课10分钟了。
The class has been over for ten minutes.
4. 电影开始了一小时了。
The film has been on for an hour.
5. 门打开半小时了。
The door has been open for half an hour.
Step 2 New words
beautyseaside theme park sailing view except
mountain business direct flight on business
Step 3 Free talk
Have you ever travelled to any places in China?
What did you do there?
Step 4 Listen to the tape and answer A1.
The Class 1, Great 8 students are talking about the kinds of places they like best. Listen to their conversation and match the students with the places. Write the correct letter in each box.
Places for travelling
a. Chinese gardens1. Kitty
b. Museums 2. Simon
c. Places of natural beauty3. Sandy
d. Seaside cities 4. Daniel
e. Theme parks 5. Millie
Step 5 Make sentences use the information in A1.
Kitty likes to go….
Millie wants to go…
Step 6 Ask students talk with classmates
What is important when you plan your holiday?
Step 7 Listen to the tape finish A2.
The students are listening to a radio programme about the best time to visit some places in China. Put a tick (√) in the correct boxes.
Places to go Spring Summer Autumn Winter
Chinese
gardens Suzhou,
Yangzhou
Museums Beijing,
Xi’an
Places of natural beauty Mount Huang,
Jiuzhaigou
Seaside cities Dalian,
Qingdao
Theme parks Shenzhen,
Hong Kong
Step 8 Finish part A3 together.
Amy wants to give her classmates some advice on travelling in China. Help her complete her notes. Use the information in Parts A1 and A2 to help you.
Places to go in China
Kitty likes ___________, such as the Window of the world in Shenzhen or____________ Disneyland. She can go there all year round.
Simon loves water sports, such as sailing. He thinks it is great fun. He can visit a seaside city like ______ or Qingdao this ________.
Sandy likes places of ______________, like Mount Huang or Jiuzhaigou. She can go there in any season except _______. The views there in winter may be wonderful, but it is dangerous to climb the mountains or hills on cold and snowy days.
Daniel likes ________________. He can visit Suzhou or Yangzhou. The best time to go there is in spring or________. There may be some rain, but the weather is usually nice at that time of year.
Millie likes _________. She can go to Beijing or Xi’an. She can visit museums in any season.
Step 9 Pair work
Work in pairs. Talk about your travelling.
A: Where did you go last summer?
B: I went to …
A: What did you do there?
B: I went… I had a fantastic time.
Step 10 Written task
Your foreign friend wants to visit Suzhou, please give him some advice.
Speak up and Study skills
Teaching aims:
1. Students can ask and answer about the travel information.
2. Students can use main points and details to write an article.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Free talk
Travelling is very interesting. May Day is coming and it’s a good season for travelling. Amy will go traveling. Where will she go?
Step 2 Speak up
Listen and answer some questions.
1. Where will Amy go?
2. How will they get there?
3. How long are they staying there?
4. How long dose it take to fly to Chengdu?
Step 3 Act out
Let students act the dialogue out.
Step 4 Pair work
Let students talk about:
What’s your holiday plan? Where do you want to go during the May Day holiday？
Give them tips:
Where are you going?
Why do you plan to go there?
Who are you going with?
How will you get there?
Step 5 Notes
1. My Dad has been to Chengdu on business twice.
我爸爸去成都出差过两次。
business n. 的意思是 “公事，生意”，该词还有“职业，企业”的意思。
on business 意思是“出差”
2. We’re going to take a direct flight to Chengdu.
我们将乘直飞航班到成都。
direct adj. 径直的
e.g. There is a direct high-speed train to Hangzhou.
有一班直达杭州的高速列车。
Step 6 Practice
Complete the sentences.
Step 7 Study skills
Presentation:
1. When we write about an experience or event, we can organize our ideas using
the following five main points.
When did it happen?
Where did it happen?
Who was there?
What happened?
How did you feel?
Then we should give details to support the main points.
2. Take Kitty’s day at Hong Kong Disneyland as an example:
When: during the winter holiday
Where: Hong Kong
Who: Kitty and her parents
What: visited Hong Kong Disneyland
How: had a fantastic time
Step 8 Practice
Mr wu is asking the Class1, Grade 8 students to organize the following information into main points and details. First, help them write the correct letters in the blanks. Then work pairs and talk about their trip.
a Class 1, Grade 8 students
b Enjoyed the natural beauty
c Everybody felt excited
d Flew kites
e Went fishing by the lake
f 5 March
g South Hill
h A visit to South Hill
When: ____________
Where: ____________
Who: ___________ ____________
What: ___________ ___________
How: ____________ ____________
Step 9 Sample speech
On 5 March, the Class 1, Grade 8 students went to South Hill. They enjoyed the natural beauty there. Some of them flew kites, while some of them went fishing by the lake. Everybody felt very excited.
Step 10
Write a passage about your trip, using the information we have learned in the lesson.
Task
Teaching aims:
To write an article about one of your holidays.
Teaching steps:
Step 1 Warming up
Show some pictures about Hong Kong Disneyland.
Step 2 Work in Task 1
1. Presentation
Show students some pictures to learn new words.
2. How does Kitty write her article?
Step 1(part A):
Step 2(part B):
Step 3(part C):
3. Look at Kitty’s fact file –Part A in page 32carefully and try to remember more information about Kitty’s trip to Hong Kong.
Main Points Details
When The winter holiday ------
where Hong Kong
Who ------
What visiting places of interest Disneyland
Ocean park---
Other activities
Eating
How
4. Useful expressions:
It took us …to fly to
The next day, we went to…
I loved watching the interesting…
…was exciting/beautiful/fantastic
On the third day, we visited…
We went to…on the fifth day
…was the best part of the day
We enjoyed this trip very much
Step 3 Work on Task 2
1. Complete Kitty’s article in Part B on page 33 as quickly as you can.
2. Analysis (分析) kitty’s article. We can group this article into 3 parts:
Part 1: para( )-para( ) It is mainly about
Part 2: para( )-para( ) It is mainly about
Part 3: para( )-para( ) It is mainly about
3. During Kitty’s article, Kitty used some adjectives（形容词）and adverbs（副词） to describe her article. Could you please find them out as many as you can?
Step 4 Notes
1. My parents and I left for the airport in the early morning.
我和父母一大早就前往机场。
leave for 动身去
e.g. The plane leaves for Hong Kong at 10:30.
飞机于10：30 起飞前往香港。
2. It took us about three and a half hours to fly to Hong Kong.
我们花了3个半小时飞到香港。
“3个半小时”还可以表达成three hours and a half
“一个半小时”的两种表达方式 one and a half hours
one hour and a half
Step 5 Writing
You are going to write an article about one of your holidays. Write down some main points and details, and organize your ideas before you write.
Tips:
1. Remember to state (陈述) clearly the place and the time of your trip, and the people who went with you.
2. Organize your ideas before you write.
3. Think of something interesting and special to write about.
4. Use adjectives and adverbs to make your article more interesting.
5. Write about your feelings in the last paragraph.
Step 6 Homework
If you went to Beijing for a holiday last summer, try to write an article about this trip.
篇10：unit2 reading 教案教学设计(译林牛津版英语高一)
Teaching aims & demands:
To develop students’ ability of reading a play
To know about American family life and problems that happen between American teenagers and their parents
To form a positive attitude towards solving problems between teenagers and parents
Teaching procedures:
Step 1: Lead-in
1. Revision: Guess the words
(1). a dirty or untidy state _______
(2). give a reason for something _______
(3). believe that somebody is good_______
(4). something worthless or of low quality_______
(5). a person between a child and a grown-up _______
(6). not polite_______
(7). without being punished_______
(8). grown-up_______
2. Group work
Talk about the four pictures on P21
List some problems with parents.
①____________ ②_____________ ③_____________
(2) How to solve these problems.
①____________ ②_____________ ③_____________
Step 2: Reading strategy
Please go through the Reading strategy and tell how to read a play.
1.It is often in the form of ___ _________.
2.It usually includes_________ ______, and each act can have_________ _______.
3.The words or speeches in a play are very________, and some of the words in a sentence are______ _____.
4.There are some helpful _____________in a play.
5.It should be_____ ________.
Step 3: Fast reading
Get students to read the play and finish Part A individually.
How many acts are there in this play? And how many scenes in each act?
Step 4: Detailed reading
1. Listening and complete C1 on P24.
2. Please read Act One of the play carefully and fill in the form
Characters Things they do Feelings
Mom and Dad
Eric
Daniel
2. Please read Act Two carefully and fill in form:
Characters Things they do Feelings
Daniel
Eric
Mom
Dad
Step 5: Careful reading
1. This passage is mainly about ________.
A. what Mom and Dad did after they returned from vacation.
B. what Daniel and Eric did at home.
C. the reason why the dog was tired and hungry
D. a big quarrel that an American family had
2. Mom and Dad left Daniel in charge at home because ______.
A. he was an adult B. he was the youngest
C. they liked him very much
D. they thought he could take good care of everything while they were away.
3. Which is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The children were very excited when their parents came back a day earlier than expected.
B. The children didn’t use the money for themselves.
C. Daniel was left in charge at home while their parents were away.
D. Eric wanted to tell his parents what had happened, but Daniel said they didn’t need to.
4. The main reason for their quarrel is that ______.
A. Daniel was too rude.
B. Eric didn’t tell his parents what had happened
C. the parents blamed Daniel without giving him a chance to explain
D. Daniel and Eric didn’t behave well at home.
Step 6: Post reading
Fill the missing words in the blanks to complete the summary of the play.
Mom and Dad arrived back from v_______ earlier than e_______ in order to give the boys a s_______. They got so a____. When they saw the house was in a m___ that Dad shouted at D____, the elder brother, who was in c______ of the house when they were away. Daniel s_______ the door to show his anger, because their parents never gave him a c_____ to explain. E___, the younger brother, wanted to explain to his parents what had h_______, but Daniel didn't think that their parents d______ to know the truth.
At the end of the play, both Mom and Dad thought maybe they were too h___on the boys. However, Dad decided to p_____ Daniel for his rudeness so that he would show r_____ for his parents in future.
Step 7: Discussion
1. If you were Eric or Daniel ,what will you do?
2. Find some adj. to describe good parents in your eyes.
They should be__________, __________, __________,__________...
3. How do you deal with the relationship between you and your parents?
We should _______, ________, _______, ________...our parents.
3. The word “family” means “f_______ a_____ m______ I l_____ y_____”.
Step 8: Homework
1. Role-play the dialogue in groups of five.
(Divide students into groups of five and one is the narrator and the others are the main characters. Role-play Act One and Act Two.)
2. Reading comprehension
There are three kinds of goals: short-term, medium-range and long-term goals.
Short-term goals are those that usually deal with current (当前的)activities, which we can apply on a daily basis. Such goals can be achieved in a week or less, or two weeks, or possibly months. It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation, our long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals. Upon completing our short-term goals, we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.
The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals. They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year, or they could even extend for several years. Any time you move a step at a time, you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step, you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow and succeed. And as your list of completion dates grow, your motivation （动力）and desire（欲望） will increase.
Long-term goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing. We should never allow a long-term goal to limit（限制） us or our course of action.
1. Our long-term goals mean a lot ________.
A. if we cannot reach solid short-term goals
B. if we complete the short-term goals。
C. if we have dreams of the future
D. if we put forward some plans
2. New short-term goals are built upon________.
A. a daily basis B. your achievement in a week
C. current activities D. the goals that have been completed
3. When we complete each step of our goals, _____________.
A. we will win final success B. we are overwhelmed
C. we should build up confidence of success
D. we should have strong desire for setting new goals
4. What is the main idea of this passage? _____________
A. Life is dynamic thing. B. We should set up long-term goals.
C. Different kinds of goals in life. D. The limitation of long-term goals.
5. Which of the following statements is wrong according to the passage? _____________
A. The long-term goals cannot amount to very much without the achievement of solid short-term goals.
B. The intermediate goals build on the foundation of the short-term goals.
C. Life is a static thing, thus we should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.
D. We should often add new short-term goals to those which have been completed.
篇11：dying to be thin 教案教学设计(译林牛津版英语高一)
Subject: unit3 reading: dying to be thin…
Teaching aims:
1 Students are able to grasp the main point of the three e-mails.
2 Students are able to know that nothing is more important than health.
3 Students are able to express their own opinions about the topic.
Important points & difficult points:
1 finding the main points in the three e-mails and express them
2 understanding the reading material
Teaching methods and means: fast reading, detailed reading, group work, discussion
Teaching aids: computer, ppt, pictures, blackboard, chalks
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1: Lead-in
T: Today we are going to learn the reading material of Unit 3. At first, I want to show you some pictures.
(showing pictures)
T: Is she beautiful? (showing the picture of Audrey Herben)
Ss: Yes.
T: Yes. She’s very beautiful and she has an attractive figure. What about the second picture?
Ss: Wow. He’s so fat.
T: Yes. He’s so fat.
T: What about this guy?
Ss: Wow. He’s handsome.
T: Yes. He’s handsome and he has also an attractive figure, too.
T: Now you have watched the four pictures. And can you tell me what kind of figure you prefer? The left ones or the right ones?
Ss: The left ones.
T: Obviously we will choose the left ones.
Discussion: Suppose you are a little overweight, how would you lose weight?
Ss: take weight-loss pills, eat vegetables, do exercise, and do operation.
T: Yes. In order to lose weight, we will exercise in the gym, take weight-loss pills, receive plastic surgery and have a diet.
(showing the pictures)
T: Now let’s analyze the reading material and find out how the character---Amy, loses weight. Now, please turn to page 42.
Step 2: Pre-reading
Predict: dying to be thin…?
Q: can you tell me the possible meaning of the title? Or can you give me your explanation to this title?
A: dying to be thin: 1 Amy wanted to be thin very much.
2 Amy nearly died because she had taken weight-loss pills to lose weight.
Skimming:
Skim the three e-mails and find out the main point of each e-mail.
T: I’ll give you 3 minutes to skim the whole lesson.
Main point:
Subject- Dying to be thin: in order to lose weight, Amy takes weight-loss pills and becomes slimmer and slimmer.
Subject- Recovering : Amy is recovering from liver failure.
Subject- Re: recovering: Zhou ling is sorry to hear about Amy’s problems and hopes that she and other people who’d like to lose weight will value the importance of health.
Step 3: Detailed reading:
1 finish C1( page 44)
2 fill in the blanks
Amy’s emotions Reasons for losing weight Results
happy
frustrated
hopeful Looking good is important.
be shamed of her body
prepare for a new TV show Have lost 7 kg
Feel tired and weak
Become slimmer
Reasons for frustration Reactions to illness
Be in hospital
Liver failure Regret taking pills
Realize the importance of health
Reasons for hope Lessons Amy has learnt
Getting better Don’t damage your health for a slim and attractive figure.
Zhou Ling’s Reply:
Zhou’ emotions: from sorry to glad
Zhou’s opinions: 1 We shouldn’t be embarrassed about our weight.
2 Nothing is more important than health.
Reading strategy:
Understanding sentences with ‘however’ or ‘but’
1 underline all the sentences that have ‘however’ or ‘but’
2 analyze the following two sentences:
1 I used to go to the gym three times a week, but I don’t work out any more.
2 I’ve lost 7 kg in the last two months. However, sometimes I don’t feel so energetic.
Question: What’s the difference in meaning between the sentences before and after ‘however’ and ‘but’?
Answer: The two sentences usually express something different and opposite.
The feeling expressed before ‘however’ or ‘but’ and the feeling after them are usually opposite.
We can use a comma after ‘however’.
Step 4: Post- reading
Discussion: suppose you are Amy’s best friend. If you’re going to write an e-mail to her, what will you say to her?
Conclusion: we can’t choose the appearance, but we can spread our smiling. Health is priceless.
Homework:
1. finish D1,D2,E.
2. preview word power.
篇12：growing pains 教案教学设计(译林牛津版英语高一)
Unit 2 Growing Pains
----Welcome to the unit
Teaching plan
I. The general idea of this period：
This period is about the warming up of this unit. It will help students learn more about growing pains mainly from the problems between parents and children. Students will learn how to bridge the generation gap with parents and get rid of the growing pains as possible as they can.
II. Teaching Aims:
1: To introduce and develop the theme of growing pain.
2：To exercise speaking ability of the students by talking about the problems between children and parents.
3：To help students form a positive attitude towards growing pains and learn to solve them.
III. Teaching difficult points：
1：Talk about problems between parents and children.
2：Enable the students to practice their spoken English.
3：Help students to form a positive attitude to towards relationships between their parents and them.
IV. Teaching procedure
Step 1 Lead-in
① Show several pictures of the famous TV series.
② The two TV series talk about the problems between parents and children.
③ Lead students to the topic of this unit---growing pains.
Step 2 Brainstorming
① Ask following questions to help the students recall their memory.
Have you ever quarreled with your parents?
What is your quarrel about?
② A short video will be presented.
③ Students are encouraged to talk about the problems between parents and children.
Step 3 Picture Discussion
Ask students to look at the picture and discuss what it talks about.
Picture1
① Why are the boys and girls around the pretty lady?
② What does the boy want to do? Is he allowed to do so? Why or why not?
③ What feelings may the boy have?
Picture2
① What is the boy probably doing?
② Did the boy do well in his exams?
③ How does his mother feel about the score? What feelings may the boy have?
Step 4 Further Discussion
1. Put up with the question: “What do you think is the biggest cause of arguments between parents and children?”
2. Analyze the different interests between parents and children to put up with the Generation Gap.
3. Do you think there is a generation gap between you and your parents? If so, what is the best way to solve the problem? We may get many ways to bridge the generation gap, especially through communication and understanding.
Step 5 Summary
T: In this unit, we have talked about growing pains and have a discussion about the problems between parents and children. From the class, we know that understanding and communication can be the best way to bring parents and children together and help students out of growing pains.
Step 6 Homework
T: Write a letter to your parents about something you want to talk with them. Maybe you can begin like this：Dear Mom and Dad, I want to say
篇13：新概念英语 lesson47 教案教学设计(译林牛津版英语高三)
Teaching approch: cooperative learning, task-based language learning, communicative learning
Teaching aids: blackboard, multi-media facilities
Teaching procedures:
Step1 Lead-in
1.Play a video about pollution and get the students to answer “How many kinds of pollution did you see in the video?”(write the key on the Bb)
2. Show some pictures about food and ask the studens to have a quick discussion about the question “What food do you think is safe food without being polluted?”
Step2 Scanning and skimming
1.Structure and paragraph development
Listen to the tape and have the students use one sentence to summarize the text and use phases or key words to sum up the main idea of each paragraph.
2.Read for details
1) Read the first paragraph and answer the following questions:
How many ways do people deal with rubbish?
Do people solve the problem of rubbish? Why?
2) Blank-filling
Ask the students to read Para2 and find detailed words to fill in blanks about agricultural pollution.
3) Summary
Get the students to read Para3 and summarize the forms of noise pollution.
4) Picture-talking
Have the students look at the picture on Page216 and descible what is happening in the picture.
Look at the picture on PPT and guess, then let the students describe the feeling of the wife.
Step3 Post-reading activities
1. Tell us about any noise which you know has caused a major problem.
2. “ The only way to reduce noise pollution is to fine offenders very heavily.” is this a practical proposal? What do you think?
篇14：主谓一致 教案教学设计(译林牛津版英语高一)
Step I Lead-in
1. (have) your classmates finished his homework?
2. My friend and I (want) to play outside after watching TV.
3. (have) all of the cake been eaten?
Step II Subject-verb agreement
I语法一致原则
1. Between the two buildings (stand) a monument.
2. What he said (is/ are) right
3. What she left me (is/are) a few books.
4. Seeing (is/are) believing
5. To see (is/are) to believe.
6. Somebody(is/ are) using the phone.
7. Each of the books(cost) five yuan.
8. The students each (have) a copy of Jay’s new album.
9. The Greens (is / are) very fond of working on the farm.
10. Many a student (have/ has) passed the exam.
11. More than one person (is/ are) here.
II 意义一致原则
1. Three weeks (is/ are) allowed for making the necessary preparation.
2. Another five minutes(is/ are) enough.
3.Three miles (is/ are) nothing.
4.His family (is/ are)a happy one.
5.The whole family(is/ are) watching TV.
6.The police (is/ are) searching for the thief.
7. The population in China (is/ are) large.
8. 75% of the population in our class (is/ are) from countryside.
9. This glass works (be) set up in 1980.
10. These glass works (is/ are) near the railway station.
11. A sheep (is/ are)over there.
12. Some sheep (is/ are) over there.
13. Physics (is/ are) now taught in all schools.
14.The old (is/ are) taken good care of in our country.
15.The young (is/ are) required to respect the old.
16.“All ________ present and all _________ going on well.” Our monitor said.
A. is ; isB. are ; areC. are ; isD. is ; are
17. All of my classmates （like）music.
18. All of the water (is / are) gone.
8.相加原则
19. Walking and riding (is / are) good exercises.
20. A teacher and doctor (is / are) giving us a lecture.
21. A teacher and a doctor (is / are) giving us a lecture.
22. Every boy and girl (want) to go to the cinema.
23 No boy and no girl (is / are) allowed to swim in the lake.
24.Many a boy and many a girl (is / are) going to the zoo.
III就近原则
1. Tom or his brothers (is / are)waiting in the room.
2. Either you or he (is / are) to go.
3. There(is / are) an apple, two oranges and some bananas on the plate.
4. There (is / are) two oranges, an apple and some bananas on the plate.
5. John, together with his two friends, (was / were) at the party.
6.The teacher as well as the students was reading in the library.
IV找真实主语
1. Lots of damage (was / were) caused by fire.
2. About three-fourths of the earth’s surface (is / are) covered with water.
3. Three-fifths of the workers here (is / are) women
4. A number of students (have/ has) gone home.
5. The number of pages in this book (is / are) two hundred.
6. A large amount of damage (was / were) done in a very short time.
7. Large amounts of money (was / were) spent on the bridge.
8. This kind of men (is / are) dangerous.
9. Men of this kind (is / are) dangerous.
A pair of shoes (was / were) just what he wanted
Shoes (was / were) just what he wanted .
He is one of the students who(have/ has) been to Beijing.
He is the only one of the students who (have/ has)been to Beijing.
篇15：7A Unit1 This is me! 教学案例(译林牛津版英语七年级)
学生姓名 小班 学科 英语 授课时间 .
老师姓名 邱明超 年级 七年级 授课时段 10：00-11:30
课题名称 Unit1 This is me!
教学目标 Introduce yourself to your classmates and know how to greet each other.
Simple present tense of the verb to be
Vowels about a,e,i,o,u.
课前检查 作业完成情况：优□ 良□ 中□ 差□ 老师建议：
一：教学重点
1．Greetings:学生知道问候语以及同学之间怎样问候
2．Reading:Welcome to Class 1,Grade 7!课文内容翻译讲解分析以及相关语法固定搭配
3.Grammar:Simple present tense of the verb to be Be动词的一般现在时，疑问句以及肯定回答否定回答
4.Vowels:a,e,i,o,u.
5.Task:Introducing yourself知道如何写关于介绍自己的英语作文
二．教学内容
1.Lead in 导入部分，学习短对话，了解整个单元的学习主要导向以及相应的语法
以及new words
a.老师领读课文内容，并翻译讲解
b.Oh,I love e-dogs.哦，我爱电子狗。Love 喜欢，爱。Love sth = like sth 喜欢某物
c.What’s your name ?My name is Hobo.你叫什么名字？我叫霍波。当询问对方叫什么名字时，一般会用What’s your name ?而回答则是My name is....
d.Are you my master ?你是我的主人吗？这是一般疑问句的形式，把Be 动词提句首，首字母大写。Master主人，可数名词。
e.How to look after your e-dog.如何去照顾你的电子狗。How to do sth如何怎样做某事
f.Look after sb =take care of sb照顾 某人
G.introduce yourself to your classmates.把你介绍给同学 introduce sb to sb 把某人介绍给某人
2.Greetings问候语
a.greet each other 相互问候 greet 动词，问候，动名词greeting(s)可数，复数直接加s
b.常见问候语
Good morning早上好 Good afternoon下午好Good evening 晚上好
Nice to meet you.见到你很高兴。=Glad to meet you.
3.Reading:Welcome to Class1,Grade 7!
a.I’m 12 years old.我十二岁了。=I’m a 12-year -old girl/boy.
I love reading.我爱阅读。Love doing sth喜欢做某事=like doing sth=like to do sth
Play football踢足球。Play +球类运动 中间零冠词
Play the piano 弹钢琴 play +the +乐器 中间定冠词the
afer school 放学 after class 下课 介词词组
after-school 放学后的 after-class 课后的 形容词，两个单词之间加了连字符变成一个整体词
He is from Nanjing.他来自南京。 be from =come from 来自。。。
He is good at Maths.他擅长数学。Be good at= do well in= be clever at 擅长......
b.写关于人的外貌特征以及兴趣爱好的英语单词及词组
a new student 一个新学生short hair 短发 meet my new classmates约见新同学
tall 高的，short 矮的 slim 苗条的 like sports 喜欢运动play football 踢足球 long hair长头发 like music 喜欢音乐
4.Grammar Simple present tense of the verb to be be动词的一般现在时
a.我们用一般现在时来谈论事实和陈述事物的特征。
I am a student.我是一名学生。
Sandy is my classmate,桑迪是我的同班同学。
We are in Class 1.我们在一班。
2.我们利用be 动词的一般现在时来造肯定句和否定句
肯定句：
I am happy.我高兴。
You /we/they are happy,你们/我们/他们高兴。
He /she/it is happy.他/她/它高兴。
否定句：在be 动词后直接加not.
I am not happy.我不高兴。
You /we/they are not happy,你们/我们/他们不高兴。
He /she/it is not happy.他/她/它不高兴。
Be动词的一般疑问句形式以及肯定回答否定回答
Am I happy?我高兴? 肯定回答：Yes,I am.否定回答：No,I am not
Are you /we/they happy?你们/我们/他们高兴?
肯定回答：Yes, you/ we/they are.否定回答：No, you/we/they are not.
Is he /she/it happy?他/她/它高兴?
肯定回答：Yes,he/she/it is.否定回答：No,he/she/it is not.
5.Vowels:a,e,i,o,u
cake face game lake name/ei/短元音
be he me we these/i:/ 长元音
bike fine kite rice time /ai/短元音
go home no nose so /au/短元音
Computer cute music pupil use /ju:/长元音
Listen to the music. It’s nice.
These students often fly kites.
Those pupils like playing games.
④He likes the cute baby
⑤Sometimes we go home late.
6.Task:Introducing yourself
Useful expressions
My name is .../I am...
I am...(years old).
I live with...in...
I am tall/short/ pretty/small....
My hair is long/short.
I have long/short hair.
I wear glasses.
I like/love...
I am good at dancing/swimming...
7.Conclusion
Students know how to introduce themselves to othes.
Students master the grammar simple present tense of the verb to be
Students can write a competition about themselves
作业 English book page7,page9,page10,page12,page13, page14,英语大课堂相关练习
备注：背诵Unit1已学的单词词组，并下节课默写。
篇16：《牛津高中英语》阅读课教学案例及分析 (译林牛津版英语高二)
一、教学课型: 阅读理解课
二、教材分析
1. 教材内容
见《牛津高中英语》模块一 Unit 1 （Pages 2-3）
2. 教材处理
该篇文章主要介绍中国学生Wei Hua在英国为期一年的留学经历。通过她对英国中学生活的描述，学生对英国中学生的日常学习情况增加一定的了解。但由于内容较多以及中英文化方面的差异，在阅读过程中，对于刚进入高中学习的学生，他们中有些在完全理解课文方面有一定的困难。
针对上述分析，本课在设计时先以录像导入的形式，增加学生对文章有关的感性知识；然后采用略读的方法，培养学生阅读整体观念；在随后的细节处理时，采取寻读、细节理解、正误辨别的方法；在难点处理时，通过启发诱导，教师归纳的措施加以突破。整个教学过程的设计由浅入深，由感悟、理解、分析、归纳、总结到运用，从而完成从阅读输入到理解输出的学习过程，达到培养学生阅读能力的目标。
3. 教学目标
① 知识目标: 通过该文的学习,帮助学生对英国中学作息时间、班级规模、所学科目、课程内容、学习负担等学校生活有具体的了解。
②能力目标: 通过寻找文章大意及具体细节问题的答案，培养学生快速归纳文章主旨和获取文章细节的阅读能力。
③ 文化目标: 通过对课文的学习、有助于学生对英国中学生活全面而深入的理解，体会中英两国之间由于国情、历史的不同所产生的文化教育的差异。
4. 教学的重点和难点
① 重点：对英国中学生活的具体了解和中英两国之间的文化教育的差异。
② 难点：如何培养学生运用略读（skimming）和寻读（scanning）阅读技巧来快速获取主旨大意和细节信息的能力。
三、教学设计
1. 总体思路
本课的教学设计采用：阅读前（导入）、阅读中（略读，寻读，辨别正误，比较, 分组活动, 巩固）、阅读后（运用）三部分。
2. 教学过程
Step 1 Lead-in
T: Now, Class, we have learned English since the primary school, and we have known some British language, culture, history and some other British lives. But do you know what the British school life is really like? If you want to know the answer, please watch the following video.
(设计说明:
由学生从小学以来的英语学习,自然过度到对对英语语言、文化、历史等方面的了解，进而提及到英国中学生活，激发学生对该话题的兴趣,为下文做很好的背景铺垫。)
Show the students a short video, which mainly tells us about a public British school where we may know something about the British students’ study hours at school, their school activities, their subjects and their study goals.
(设计说明:
通过这段录像使学生从视觉, 听觉等方面了解到英国中学生的日常作息时间、在校活动、所学科目以及学习目标,让学生多方面直观,感性地了解英国中学生活,为后面文章的学习提供很好的背景知识。)
Step 2 Presentation
T: From this the video, we have already gained some brief impression about the British school life. If you want to get something more about it, let’s come to today’s passage.
T: Today we are going to read a passage by Wei Hua, who once studied in the UK. She will give us some detailed information about the school life in the UK.
(设计说明:
由录像内容自然导入课文, 环环相扣, 轻松入题。同时, 对文章的内容作简要介绍, 让学生对阅读内容有所了解。)
Step 3 Reading
(1) Skimming
T: Now please skim the passage quickly and try to find the answers to the following questions. Hand up when you get them. (Show the questions on the screen.)
1. What is the main idea of this passage?
(Suggested answers: 1. It mainly tells us some specific information about what school life in the UK is really like and some differences between high schools in the UK and in China.)
2. What are the key points you can conclude from each paragraph?
(Suggested answers: Para 1: School hours; Para 2: Attending assembly; Para 3: Teachers and classmates; Para 4-6: Homework and subjects; Para 7: British food and her activities; Para 8: feeling and hope.)
(设计说明:
通过让学生对文章的中心思想和段落关键词归纳，有意识地培养学生的略读策略, 有助于学生有的放矢地快速获取主要信息的阅读能力。)
(2) Scanning
Ask the Ss to go through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three following questions.
1. How long did Wei Hua stay in Britain?
2. What was the name of Wei Hua’s class teacher?
3. What did Wei Hua make in her woodwork class?
(Answers: 1. For one year. 2. Mr Heywood. 3. A small table. )
(设计说明:
该步骤旨在让学生带着问题通过快速寻读文章相关信息, 以此形成对Wei Hua留学英论的经历有一个初步了解。)
(3) Detailed information
T: Now please scan the passage to find some detailed information from each paragraph and then fill in the following form:
Para Main idea Detailed information
1
School hours a) Was she happy with the school life? (Yes.)
b) School in Britain _____ around 9 am and _____ about 3:30 pm. (starts; ends)
2
Attending assembly a) Who was the girl sitting next to her on the first day? (Diane.)
b) The headmaster told them about _____ during assembly. (Rules, the best way to earn respect from the school.)
3
Teachers and classmates a) Who was her favorite teacher? (Miss Burke.)
b) Was it easy for her to remember all the students’ faces and names? Why? (No. Because they had to move to different classrooms for different classes.)
4
Homework and subjects a) The homework was not heavy, but why was it a bit challenging for her at first? (Because all the homework was in English.)
5 a) Why did her English improve a lot? (Because she used English every day and spent an hour each day reading English books in the library.)
b) Did she enjoy cooking? How do you know? (Yes. She thought it was really fun as she learned how to buy, prepare and cook food.)
6 a) Do students have to learn all the subjects even if they don’t like them? (No.)
7
British food and her activities
a) Why did she miss Chinese food a lot at lunchtime? (Because British food is very different, and British people eat lots of desserts after their main meal.)
b) She usually played on the school field. Sometimes she played _____. Sometimes she _____. (football with the boys; relaxed under a tree or sat on the grass)
8 Feeling and hope a) She felt _____ and hopes _____ . (lucky, to be back and study there again.)
(设计说明:
通过用表格的形式对文章中重要信息加以呈现, 将略读和寻读、获取细节信息和深层理解相结合，并将读与写自然衔接起来，让学生系统，直观地掌握阅读材料中重点内容, 这要求学生认真分析课文，积极思考, 从而使他们对英国中学生活有进一步的理性认识。)
(4) True or false
T: Please read the passage again, and then decide the following sentences true or false according to the article. If it is false, please try to correct it.
1. Wei Hua likes the school hours in the UK.
2. Chinese schools encourage students to work hard.
3. Wei Hua’s favorite teacher was Miss Burke.
4. The average number of the students in each class in Britain is over 30.
5. British students have fixed classroom and classmates.
6. British students can only study two languages: English and French.
7. Wei Hua enjoyed British food.
8. Wei Hua enjoyed playing football.
9. Wei Hua is now back in Manchester again.
(Suggested answers:
1. T 2. T 3. T
4. F The average number of the students in each class in Britain is 29.
5. F They move to different classrooms for different classes.
6. F They have to study English, but they can drop French if they don’t like. They can choose Spanish or German.
7. F She missed Chinese food a lot.
8. T
9. F She hopes that someday she can go back and study in Manchester again.)
(设计说明:
在学生基本理解文章的内容后, 通过对文章细节以正误选择题的形式加以呈现, 引导学生分析比较文章具体细节, 培养学生辨别是非正误细节的阅读理解能力。)
(5) Consolidation
Ask the students to read the passage carefully one more again to find the answers to the following questions. Through careful reading, students can get the further understanding about the text and consolidate what they have learned from skimming and scanning.
1. Which of the following statements is Not Wrong according to the passage?
A. She used to get up at 8 a.m. in China.
B. What the headmaster told them sounded like what she used to hear in her school in China.
C. She was such a good cook that she liked cooking British food.
D. She didn’t like History or Art, so she chose Woodwork.
2. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Her English improved a lot as she used English every day.
B. School life in the UK is busy and bitter.
C. She had a wonderful experience in a British school.
D. She wanted to go back to China and enjoy Chinese food.
3. Which of the following has the closest meaning to “I could e-mail my family and friends back home for free” ?
A. I could e-mail my family and friends back home without paying money.
B. I could e-mail my family and friends back home freely.
C. I could e-mail my family and friends in my free time.
D. I could be free to e-mail my family and friends back home.
4. The writer’s purpose of writing the passage is to __________.
A. tell us that she doesn’t like school life in Britain
B. excite more students to study abroad
C. improve her English
D. introduce her exciting and happy life in Britain
5. She felt lucky because __________.
A. she could get up an hour later than usual
B. the headmaster told them to earn respect by working hard and achieving high grades
C. she had been given a golden opportunity to study in Britain and met helpful and friendly teachers and students
D. she improved her English
(Suggested answers: 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. C)
(设计说明:
该环节问题的设置遵循了文章阅读的整体性和连贯性原则，要求学生不仅要读懂设置的题干问题，还要能够理解文章中有关内容及其内在联系，即不仅考查学生对阅读中语言形式的掌握，而且考查他们对语言知识的灵活运用。)
Step 4 Group work
Ask the students to hold a discussion about the following topic: What’s the similarity and difference between the schools in China and the UK?
Aspects In the UK In China
similarity
difference
After the discussion the teacher may ask two or three students from different groups to present their group’s opinions about the topic. The teacher should give them some help if necessary.
(设计说明:
通过组织学生对中国和英国中学的异同进行比较讨论，从而进一步加深对英国中学生活差异的体会和感悟。这样，有助于提高学生对知识的理解水平和运用所学的内容解决问题的能力，既可以为教师教学提供反馈信息，又可以让学生之间的相互启迪，使他们在学习过程中学会学习。)
Step 5 Reading strategy
At first the teacher may ask the class how they can get the main idea and detailed information from the passage. If necessary, the teacher may give the students some minutes to think about it or work together with their partner. After several minutes, the teacher may ask some of them to deliver their approaches to finding the main idea and detailed information from the passage.
Then the teacher may draw a conclusion about the reading strategies of skimming and scanning by showing the following contents on the screen.
Skimming: We skim a passage when we want to get a general idea of what it is about. We look at the titles and headings, the first and last sentences of paragraphs and the first and last paragraphs as well as pictures and charts to guess what the passage is about.
Scanning: When we want to find certain information in a passage quickly, we scan the passage for key words and phrases, dates, numbers, etc. We do not need to read the whole passage word by word.
(设计说明:
该步骤通过让学生对学习过程中所采用的无意识阅读策略加以思索、讨论和分析，然后，在老师的启发引导下，对阅读策略进行总结归纳，使学生对学习方法的掌握由无意学习发展到有意学习，从而使得学生进一步有效掌握阅读技巧和方法，不断提高阅读能力。
Step 6 Discussion
T: Nowadays, more and more young students are going abroad to study. What effects (影响）will the new school life have on them?
Then the teacher may ask students to work in groups of four and have a discussion about what opinions they can offer. Each group should choose a representative to summarize the opinions of the group and then report them to the class. When the representative expresses their views, they should give a clear and detailed description about what are the advantages and disadvantages of studying abroad. If necessary, the teacher may show the class the following points to help the students who are poor in English know how to do it.
Advantages:
1. Widen their view;
2. Improve their English;
3. Learn to be independent and cooperate with others;
4. Learn about foreign customs and culture;
5. Let the foreigners learn about China and attract them to invest in China;
6. Learn advanced technology;
7. …
Disadvantages:
1. Cost a lot of money and become a heavy burden on their parents;
2. Feel homesick;
3. Form some bad habits;
4. Stay in a foreign country and refuse to come back;
5. …
(设计说明:
该步骤设计根据教学目标和学生的认知水平，通过比较留学国外的优缺点，使阅读学习通过讨论活动成为学生交流的动力，把知识的获取、规律的探索、分析解决问题的方法寓于讨论之中，真正把阅读学习作为自我探究、自我发现、主动实践和合作交流的载体，从而使得学生有效掌握阅读内容和阅读技巧。)
Step 7 Summary and Assignment
T: Today we’ve learned a text about Wei Hua’s experience in the UK. Meanwhile, we have learned the reading strategies: skimming and scanning. Master these and put them into use in future while reading. Through reading we know there are many differences both in the timetable and in the curriculum. Read the passage after class and get familiar with these language points. After class, please finish Parts D and E and have a further discussion with your partners about the topic in Part F.
(设计说明：
通过课堂教学，教师完成了对学生阅读内容的输入过程，该环节设计旨在进一步巩固所学知识，促进学生形成有效的学习策略，提高自主学习能力，让学生学会思考问题、面对陌生的问题和领域寻找解决问题的答案和方法，把学生的目光引向广阔的知识海洋，最后能够对知识进行高效输出。）
篇17：高中英语倒装句 教学总结(译林牛津版英语高考复习)
在英语中，主语和谓语的语序通常的主语在前，谓语在后。但有时为了强调某一部分，或适应一定的语法结构的需要，而把谓语的全部或一部分提到主语的前面，这种情况叫“倒装”(Inversion)。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时
倒装的分类
（一）、全部倒装--主语与谓语动词倒装
结构：谓语动词+主语
Down fell the rain.
（二）、部分倒装--主语与助动词/情态动词/系动词倒装
结构：助动词/情态动词/系动词+主语+谓语动词
Never have I heard such a thing.
（三）、形式倒装
形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。它的特点是，只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。
结构：强调的内容+主语+谓语动词
What an interesting talk they had!
The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.
（一）全部倒装
1. There be 句型(be可换成 live, stand, lie, come, exist, seem, appear 等).
There are so many cars coming and going on the road.
There still exist some problems.
句型 There is no need to do…
There is no doubt that…
There is no knowing telling …
2. 在here, there, now, then, thus引导的句子里, 要全部倒装
Here comes your head teacher.
Here he comes.主语是人称代词不用倒装
3.当in, out, down, up, over, away, off, back等副词作状语置于句首时，谓语常用动词有come, go, rush, be, lie, run,等不及物动词。
Up flew the bird.
Out rushed the students.
4.表地点的介词状语位于句首
Under the tree __ sits a beautiful girl, reading. ___
South of the city ___ lies a paper-making plant. ____
Eventually they arrived at a cave, in front of which __ stood a tree. __
5.表语提前
1)表语为介词短语
Among the goods are Christmas trees, flowers, candles and toys.
2)表语为形容词
Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests.
3)表语为过去分词
Seated on the ground are a group of young people.
4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词
Lying on the floor was a boy.
Standing beside the desk was a teacher.
Growing along the road are some wild flowers.
6. Such 置于句首时，such和be连用作表语，也常用倒装语序，如：
Such are the facts.
Such a great scientist is Yuan Longping.
此句型中的such 多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后的“真正的主语”保持一致。如：
Such are the facts; no one can deny them.
（二）部分倒装
把be/助动词/情态动词 提前到主语的前面
Is am are was were
do does did
can could would may will might 等
1.only所修饰的副词、介词短语或状语从句放在句首时, 要进行部分倒装,如：
Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.
Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there.
Only after he came back was I able to see him.
注：only修饰主语，仍用自然语序，如：
Only socialism can save China.
使用特点：
（1）在部分倒装句中，如果谓语部分无助动词，则须找助动词来“帮助”它构成倒装句。如：
（F) Only after the war learned he the sad news.
(T) Only after the war did he learn the sad news.
(2) only修饰状语从句时，从句不可倒装。如：
（F) Only when did he return did we find our the truth.
(T) Only when he returned did we find our the truth.
（3）Only 修饰主语时，句子不可倒装。如：
（F) Only can he answer the question.
(T) Only he can answer the question.
2. 否定副词 never ,nor, not, seldom, hardly, little, scarcely, rarely nowhere及表否定意义的介词短语 by no means, at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, on no condition等置于句首时 。
如：
I have never seen such a beautiful place.
Never have I seen such a beautiful place.
Not a single mistake did he make= He didn’t make a single mistake
Hardly do I think it possible to finish the job before dark
=I hardly think it possible to finish the job before dark.
3、六个重要的固定句型
（1）… so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语 “……也是如此”
They love having lots of friends; so do I
使用特点：
A. 此句型也可写成“it is the same with….”, 或“so it is with….”.如：
They love having lots of friends; it is the same with those with disabilities/so it is with those with disabilities.
B.如果句意不是 “……也是如此 ”,而仅是对前面内容的肯定或附和（此时的so=indeed),那么，句子不可使用倒装。试比较：
a. I was afraid (句中的I指的是a)
b. So was I(I 指的是b, 此句意为：I was afraid, too)
a. I was afraid （I指的是a)
b. So you were (you 指的也是a。此句意为： Indeed you were afraid.)
(2) …neither (或nor)+ be/助动词/情态动词+主语，“…….也不这样”
Lily can’t ride a bicycle; neither (或nor）can Lucy.
使用特点：
A.此句型也可写成“it is the same with…”，或“so it is with…”
Lily can’t ride; it is the same with Lucy/ so it is with Lucy.
B.此句型中的neither (或nor)不可用so….not 替代，但可用not…either改写。如：
（F) I have never been abroad. So hasn’t he
(T) I have never been abroad. Neither/ Nor has he.
(T) I have never been abroad. He has never/not been abroad, either.
（3）由sosuch...that...引导的表示程度的状语从句，将其放于句首表示强调
So +adj./adv. ….that….“ 如此…..以至于…..”。
So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.
使用特点：
在这个句型中，so 后面的句子要倒装，而that引导的句子不倒装。
（4）Neither…., nor….. “…..不…., …..也不…..”。
Neither do I know it, nor do I care about it.
由于neither 和nor 都是否定词，所以它们后面分句均需倒装。
此类倒装用于重复前句部分内容
前句是肯定句用SO 某人/某事也是
前句是否定句用neither ，nor 某人/某事也不是
倒装句中的谓语应与前句的谓语时态形态一致
（5）Not only…., but also “不仅…..而且….”。
Not only will help be given to people to find jobs, but also medical treatment will be provided for people who need it .
此句型也可写成Not only…but ….或Not only….but….as well的形式，但but (also)引导的句子必须用正常语序。
（6）Not until…. “直到…..才……”。
Not until he returned did we have supper.
使用特点：
A.这句话可以改写成：We didn’t have supper until he returned. 再如：
Not until 4:00 in the morning can he fall asleep.
=He can’t fall asleep until 4:00 in the morning.
B.如果not until 引导的是句子，until从句的主谓不可倒装，只是主句需要倒装。
4、If 虚拟条件从句中. if省略时,had/ were/should等要与主语倒装。从句有(were/should/had)
（1）If I were you, I would work hard.
Were I you, I would work hard.
（2) If it should rain tomorrow, we would put off our meeting.
Should it rain tomorrow, we would put off our meeting.
（3）If he had followed my advice, he would have succeeded.
Had he followed my advice, he would have succeeded.
If it were not for his teacher’s help, he would never graduate from this high school.
Were it not for his teacher’s help, he would never graduate from this high school.
注意：我们可以说Were it not...或者Had it not been..., 但不可以说Weren’ t it... 或者hadn’t it been...
5.在 hardly/scarcely/…when； no sooner…than; not only … but also；so...that; such…that 的倒装句中，前倒后不倒.
hardly/scarcely/ no sooner后句子的谓语用had done, when/than后句子的谓语用一般过去时
(1) Hardly / Scarcely had he fallen asleep when a loud knock at the door awaked him.
(2) No sooner had I reached the station than train moved.
(3) Not only is he interested in football but also he plays it well.
So hard does he work that he has made great progress in English.
6.在以often, always, once, many a time, now and then,等作状语的频度副词位于句首时。
Often did I speak of him before.
Many a time has he helped me with my experiment.
(三）形式倒装
形式上的倒装在语法上称为前置。它的特点是，只把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。这样的结构非常多，但有几个重要的句型需要特别注意：
1、感叹句
What an interesting talk they had!
How interesting their talk is !
使用特点：
对名词（或中心词是名词）感叹时，用what引导；对形容词或副词感叹时，用how引导。
2、the more…..the more….句型
The more you listen to English, the easier it becomes.
使用特点：
（1）此句型中的more代表的是形容词或副词的比较级，要灵活使用。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
（2）此句型中的第一个the more 引导的部分相当于一个条件状语从句；第二个the more引导的部分相当于一个主句。所以，上面例句的意思实质上就是： If you work harder, you will make greater progress.
3、whatever/however引导的让步状语从句
However difficult the problem may be, we must work it out this evening.
使用特点：
Whatever 后面常接名词；用however时常构成以下形式：
However+形容词/副词+主语+…..
Whatever reasons you have, you should carry out your promise.
4、as, though引导让步状语从句时采用倒装形式的情况
名词形容词副词分词+as hough+主语+其他
动词原形+as/though+主语+情态动词/助动词
（1）表语的倒装
Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work.
Strange as/ though it seems, it is true
Exhausted as/ though she was, she wasn’t able to sleep.
Child as he is, he has to make a living
注意：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词
（2）谓语动词的倒装
Try as he might, he didn’t pass the exam.
Search as they would here and there, they could find nothing in the room.
（3) 状语的倒装
Much as he likes the bike, he doesn’t want to buy it .
Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them.
（4）分词的倒装
Surrounded though he was by the enemy, he was not afraid.
注意：如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。如：
Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best.
5、祝愿语
May you succeed!
May you be happy!
May peace return to the troubled land!
Long live the People’s Republic of China!
其他情况
直接引语的全部或一部分放在句首时，主句中的主谓也常直接倒装。
“Very well,” said the French student.
“Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea, please.” added the customer.
篇18：高中英语基础知识考点 教学案例(译林牛津版英语高一)
236.因..感激某人 be grateful to sb for sth/be thankful to sb for sth
237.养成..习惯 form/get into the habit of doing sth
改掉习惯 break/get rid og the habit of doing sth
238.cut sth in half=cut sth into halves
239.帮忙 lend a hand to sb 上交 hand in
240.hang 悬挂-hung-hung/hang 上吊-hanged-hanged
241.碰巧做某事 happen to do sth/碰巧… It (so) happens that…/
某事碰巧发生某人身上 Sth happen to sb
242.Hardly…when…/no sooner…than…(置于句首,前分句倒装,前句用Had done,后句过去时)
Hardly had he left When I came
243.在某方面有问题 have trouble with sth/
让某人做某事 have sb do sth=let sb do sth=make sb do sth
让某事被做 have sth done 使..处于某种状态 have sth doing
与…有关 have something to do with
244.收到某人来信 hear from sb
听见某人做某事（全过程） hear sb do 听见某人做某事（片段） hear sb doing
245.激烈的讨论 heated discussion
246.大雨/雪 heavy rain/snow
247.帮助某人摆脱困境 help sb out 帮助某人做某事 help sb with sth=help sb(to) do sth
有用的 be of help=be helpful在..的帮助下 with the help of
248.犹豫做某事 hesitate to do sth
249.高度评价 think/speak highly of
250.举起/耽搁 hold up 别挂断 hold on 阻挡 hold back
251.为了纪念 in honour of
252.无论多困难 however difficult=whatever difficulty/
无论…however+形容词/副词 =whatever+名词
253.匆忙做某事 hurry to do sth=do sth in a hurry
254.对..有大概的了解 get a rough/general idea of sth
255.不良作用 ill effect 副作用 side effect
256.设想做某事 imagine doing sth
257.对..产生影响 have an impact/influence on 给某人留下好印象 give sb a good impression
258.在某人20几岁时 in one’s twenties
259.depend on依靠=rely on be independent of 不依赖别人的,.独立的
260.把某事通知某人 inform sb of sth 使某人得到通知 keep sb informed of sth
261.比…次等 be inferior to 比…高等 be senior to 比…低 be junior to
262.坚持做某事 insist on doing sth
坚决要求做 insist that+句子（用should+V）
坚持..观点 insist that+句子（事实情况）
263.打算做某事 plan to do=mean to do= intend to do
264.对..感兴趣 take/show interest in=be interested in
265.参军 join the army 成为一员 join sb积极参加 join in=take part in
266.和某人开玩笑 play a joke on sb 嘲笑某人 laugh at sb=make fun of sb
267.靠左行驶 keep to the left
阻止某人做某事keep sb from doing sth=prevent sb (from)doing sth=stop sb (from)doing sth
与..保持一致 keep up with 赶上 catch up with 勿踏草坪 keep off the grass
268.拆毁 knock sth down=pull sth down 撞倒某人 knock sb down
269.认识某人 know sb了解某人 know about/of sb
270.一门关于..的知识 a knowledge of English
271.缺少 lack sth=be lacking in sth=be short of sth 由于缺乏 for lack of=be in absence of
272.持续 last for=run for=continue for=last
273.开会迟到 be late for meeting 晚做作业 be late with hoework
晚些到arrive late lately=recently(句子用现在完成时) later on稍后
274.同一类的 of a kind
275.lie 位于/躺-lay-lain lay 放置，孵蛋-laid-laid
276.通向，导致 lead to=result in
277.从错误中吸取教训 learn from one’s mistake 给某人一个教训teach sb. a lesson
278.请假 ask for leave 让某人独自呆着 leave sb. alone
279.抽出空闲时间 spare one’s leisure/free time
280.想要做…feel like doing=would like to do sth
281.很可能 be likely to do sth./It is likely that…
282.坐落在…be located in/by/on/near…
283.严密保管某物 keep sth under lock and key
284.look after 照顾 look around 环顾 look up 查询
look out 小心 look into 深入调查 look for 寻找
285.灰心 lose heart
286.茫然不知所措 be at a loss
287.使某人发疯 drive sb mad
288.主修 major in
289.大多数 the majority of…
290.make off with money 携款而逃 make out 辨认出 make up 编造，化妆
make up for ，弥补 be made up of 由…组成（物理变化）
be made up from 由…组成（化学变化）be made into 制成…
make it possible to do …/that+句子 使…成为可能
291.manage to do 没法成功做某事 try to do 尽力去做某事
292.用这种方式 in the way=in this manner=by the method
293.与…结婚 marry sb. =be married to sb.
294.做某事无关紧要 it doesn’t matter that…
295.怎么了？what’s the matter/the trouble/wrong with sb?
296.mean to do sth 打算做… mean doing sth 意味着…
What do you mean by doing sth.?指…
Every means +单数 All means +复数 by means of 通过，利用
297.提及做某事 mention doing sth
298.给某人留个条 leave a message for sb
299.在…中间 in the middle of
300.避免做某事 miss doing sth
301.错误的 by mistake 把…误以为… mistake A for B
302.没有心情做某事 be in no mood to do sth.
303.越来越多 more and more 越来越挤 more and more crowded
越…就越… the+比较级…the+比较级… more than+数词=over 超过
no more than =only
304.moreover 而且，此外 unless 除非 therefore 因此 in that =because 因为 otherwise=or 否则 once 一旦，曾经 that is to say 就是说
305.must be doing 一定正在做… must have done 过去一定做过…
can’t/couldn’t have done 过去一定没做过… should have done 本该做而未做…
306.be native to 土产的
307.如果有必要的话 if necessary 未必,不一定 not necessarily
308.没必要做某事 There is no need to do sth …
309.neither A nor B either A or B not only A not also B 谓语动词看B
A as well as B A together with B A with B 谓语动词看A
310.对…紧张 be nervous about…
311.不是别的，正是… no other than
312.注意 take notice of
313.到目前为止 by now=so far(句子用现在完成时) now that =since既然
314.反对某人做某事 object to doing sth
315.be obliged to do sth. 被迫做某事 be obliged to sb for doing sth. 因某事感谢某人
316.observe a rule 遵守规则
317.在…场合 on the occasion of/in the situation
318.某人从未想到…It never occurred to sb that
319.对…开放 be open to sth. 把…对公众开放 open sth to the public
320.依照某人的看法 in one’s opinion
321.在…对面 be opposite to…
322.整齐 keep sth in order 混乱 out of order
目的在于 in order to do=so as to do
in order that+句子(can/could/may/might+ V) in order not to do=so as not to do
323.换言之 in other words 总而言之 in a word
324.喝着茶聊天 discuss sth over tea
325.在…中起作用 play a part in…
326.挑剔 be particular about…
327.pass away 去世 pass by 路过 pass on 传递
328.看见 case,point,pause,situation选where
329.特别的 be peculiar to
330.百分之四十 forty percentage of…
331.天气允许的话 weather permitting=If weather permits
332.说服某人做某事 persuade sb to do sth 说服某人别做某事 persuade sb out of doing sth
333.pick out 挑选出 pick the flower 摘花 pick up 捡起,无意间学会,接某人
334.按计划 as planned
335.受…欢迎 be popular with
336.人口多 the large population
337.没有…可能性 There is no possibility of doing
338.尽可能快 as soon as possible
339.练习做某事 practice doing sth
340.因为某事表扬某人 praise sb for doing sth
341.比起…更喜欢 prefer doing to doing prefer to do sth rather than do sth
342.perpare sth 直接准备… prepare for sth 为…做准备(间接的)
为某事做准备 make preparations for sth
343.出席 be present at 目前 at present=now(进行时) 不久 presently=soon(将来时) 当前的政府 the present government 在座所有人 everyone present
344.假装做某事 pretend to do pretend to be doing pretend to have done
345.以…自豪 be proud of=take pride in
346.profit 利润 interest 利益
347.promote 促进,发扬
348.保护某人免受…的伤害 protect sb from sth
349.证明是 turn out to be +形容词/n=prove(to be)+形容词/n
350.故意的 on purpose
351.put away 收好,放好 put down 写下,记下 put off 推迟 put out 熄灭
put up 举起,建造 put up with 容忍
352.在某方面迅速 be quick at (doing) sth
353.raise 举起(及物) rise 上升(不及物,指价格和太阳上升)
354.乐于做某事 be ready to do sth
355.sb realize one’s dream=the dream come true
356.reasonable 合理的,公道的
357.recall 回想 remind sb of sth 使某人想起…
358.refer to 提到,参考,查阅
359.refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事 reject doing sth 正式反对某事
360.regret to do (与说有关的V)talk/inform/say regret doing 后悔做…
remember/forget to do 记得去做某事(没做) remember/forget doing 记得做过某事
try to do sth 尽力去做某事情try doing sth 试用另一种方法
361.与…有关 be related to
362.relieve 缓解 relax 放松 release 释放
363.remain to be done 有待…
364.在维修中 under repair
365.抵制做某事 resist doing sth 防水 be resistant to water
366.the rest=the others(特指剩余的那些)
367.as a result 因此 as a result of 由于 result from 由于 result in 导致
368.冒险做某事 risk doing sth=run the risk of doing sth
369.为…留下空间 make room for…
370.交通高峰期 rush hour
371.on sale 廉价出售 for sale 上市=on the market
372.stand for 代表
373.search for sth=look for sth 寻找… search sb 搜身 search for sb=look for sb 寻找某人
be in search of 寻找
374.seat oneself 就座(表动作) be seated 表状态
看见seated, missing, lost必选
375.be second to none不亚于任何人 a second time 又一次再一次
376.see sb off给某人送行
负责--- I’ll see to it that(用一般现在时)
377.make sense有意义
378.sensible 明智的 It is sensible of sb to do sth sensitive敏感的 be sensitive to
379.开始着手做某事情set about doing=set out to do=get down to doing
Set off 出发,启程 set sth aside把…放置在一边 set up=build建立
380. sign 招牌,手势,标记 signal 信号 signature 签名
381. sometime 某个时候(将来时,过去时) 用when提问
Some time一段时间(完成时) 用how long提问
Sometimes有时(一般现在时) 用how soon提问
Some times几次(完成时) 用how many times提问
382. sooner or later 迟早 some other day 某一天 看见以上两个时间状语用将来时
看见the other day 用过去时
383. sb spend money on sth sb spend money in doing sth
384. 在现场 on the spot=on the scene
385. 用…代替… substitute A for B= replace B with A
386. such a beautiful girl= so beautiful a girl
Such…as 例如… such…that…如此…以致于
387.突然地 all of a sudden
388.suggest doing sth 建议做某事情
sb suggest that+句子(用should+动词原形)表示建议
sth suggest that+句子(事实情况)表示表明,暗示
389.养活一家人 support a family
390.确保 Make sure that+句子(一般现在时)
某人一定会做…be sure to do sth… 某人对…有把握be sure of doing…
391.使某人惊讶to one`s surprise
392.take in吸收 take off 飞机起飞,脱下衣服 take on呈现,雇佣
take up从事,占据,选学
393.量体温 take one`s temperature
394.think of sb想到某事情 think about sb为某人着想 think over仔细考虑
think+it+形容词+to do/that 认为…怎么样
395.young though he is=young as he is
396.turn to sb for help向某人求救 turn on打开 turn off 关掉
turn up 音量开大,出现 turn down 音量开小,拒绝
397.make oneself understood/heard
398.It is not until …that…直到…才The reason why…is that…
399.不值钱的valueless worthless
非常值钱的priceless valuable invaluable
400.view:从上往下,从里往外看到的景色
401.visit sp=pay a visit to sp
402.等待某人做某事情 wait for sb to do sth
403.各行各业 all walks of life
404.警告某人某事情warn sb of sth warn sb to do sth warn sb not to do sth
405.热心肠的warm-hearted
406.被广泛使用be widely used
407.有消息传来 word came that保守诺言keep one`s word
408.值得做某事be worth doing/be worthy of+n/.be worthy of being done/be worthy to be done
409.积极参加体育活动 take part in the sports activities
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