低年级学生理解词义的方法初探

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低年级学生理解词义的方法初探

篇1:低年级学生理解词义的方法初探

低年级学生理解词义的方法初探

●陈菊芬

ご适怯镅缘慕ㄖ材料,要培养学生理解语言的能力,首先就要抓词的教学。我从低年级儿童 的心理特点出发,采取不同的方法启发学生理解词义,收到较好的效果。

一、直观显示,具体理解词意。直观法是常用的方法,它包括实物直观、图画直观、动作直 观、演示直观等。现主要介绍两种:1、图画直观。孩子们对课文插图的兴趣很浓,教师要 充分利用它,及时提出问题,有意识让学生通过思考,理解词义。如义务教材中《秋天的果 园》中的“劳动”一词,是学生较难理解的。我出示插图的幻灯片,请学生说说叔叔、阿姨 、 伯伯在果园里干什么?当他们看图一一回答完整后,我就说:“他们采果子、运果子、 抬果子,课文中称他们在--“学生就马上接着说:“劳动”。我趁热打铁,问:“你们还 知道哪些也叫劳动?”一个个小手都举起来。通过观察图画,把抽象的概念变成了可具体感 知的形象,孩子们很快地理解了这个词的含义并能正确运用。有的说:“爸爸妈妈上班叫劳 动。”有的说:“妈妈淘米、烧饭叫劳动。”有的说:“农民伯伯在田里割稻叫劳动。”2 、演示直观。如《乌鸦喝水》一课中“许多、慢慢、升高、办法”等词语的教学。我采用实 物和动作演示的方法帮助学生理解。我准备好一堆小石子和一个空瓶,然后指着小石子问 :“ 这些小石子多不多?”学生答:“这些石子多。”“书上用了哪个词来写小石子?”学生答: “许多。”“许多就是很多的'意思。”“再看看,乌鸦想了一个什么办法才喝到瓶子里的水 ?”我边说边演示,然后问:“瓶子里的水怎样了?”“慢慢升高了。”这样“慢慢、升高、 办法”的意思学生也就理解了。

二、展开联想,温故知新。从一个概念联系到另一个概念,这是学生认识事物的特点之一。 我启发学生通过联想来理解词义。如教第三册《生物角》时,有一个词是“愉快”。为了帮 助学生理解并积累词汇,我启发学生找出和“愉快”意思相同的词。学生说:“愉快地游来 游去就是高兴地游来游去、快乐地游来游去、开心地游来游去。”又如教学“赶快”一词, 就启发学生联系到“马上、连忙、立刻”等词。学习“一道”联想到“一起、一块、一同” 等词。这样启发学生联想的过程也是引导学生运用已知的相近概念去学习新概念的过程。

三、联系上下文,准确理解词意。联系上下文理解词义,就是在具体的语言环境中形成概念 的过程。语言环境不同,词表达的概念也不同。如果撇开学生的思维过程,直接将词的定义 塞给学生,那么学生对词的感知就不真切,理解就不准确,记忆也不清晰。因此,我引导学 生通过朗读和思考,结合上下文体会词在句子中的具体含义。如《秋天的果园》一文有这样 一句话“果园里,人们在劳动,人们在欢笑。”其中“欢笑”一词需要理解。我先请学生看 图体会到“欢笑”就指“开心地笑”,再引导学生去读课文,让他们体会到“人们欢笑是因 为果园里长满了红通通的苹果、黄澄澄的梨,还有一串串紫葡萄,农民获得了大丰收,是一 种 丰收后的喜悦。”这样,学生感知具体,词义就能准确理解,对掌握课文内容都大有好处。

启发低年级理解词义的教学方法还有很多,如对比法、情境法等。当然方法除了单一使用外 ,有时还可综合运用,完全根据教学需要决定。おお

本文收录于《基础教育论丛》一书

篇2:指导学生理解词义的几种方法

[作者]  李晓红

[内容]

学习能力直接影响学习活动的效率,在从应试教育(www.35d1.com-上网第一站35d1教育网)向素质教育(www.35d1.com-上网第一站35d1教育网)转轨的今天,教给学生一定的学习方法,培养其学习的能力,是我们每一个教师责无旁贷的义务。因此在教学中我注意了在培养学生学习能力前提下的方法指导,现以词的教学为例,谈几点我的做法:对于低年级的学生来说理解词义是一个重点,同时也是难点,为了帮助学生突破这一难点,我将理解饲义归纳为以下四种方法。

1、查字典法。在学骚习音序和部首查字法之后,让学生充分利用字典,及时查阅不理解的词,这样既培养了他们的动手能力,又巩固了查字典的方法,同时还使学生清楚了词与句的关系。因为在学生查字典理解词时,往往一个词在字典中有多种解释,这时就告诉学生,理解词语要放到特定的句子中去,要放到语言环境中体会词语的意思。例如:《翠鸟》一文中的一句“翠鸟长着一双透亮灵活的眼睛”,“灵活”一词在字典中有两种含义①敏捷、不呆板。②善于随机应便。引导学生理解,“灵活”在这一句中是对“眼睛”的描写,那么只能选第①种解释。使用这种方法关键是要让学生结合句子理解词义。

2、拆拼法。所谓“拆讲法”,就是将一个词中的几个词素先分别解释,然后再将每个词素的含义结合起来,组成这个词的.意思。这一方法适用于词素含义较简单的词。

如“深情”?一词,?“深”是深厚的意思。“情”是感情。将词义合并起来就是“深厚的感情”。这个词义的解释就完成了。

3、找词眼法。有些词从表面上看深奥难懂,学生会出现不安和急燥的情绪,这时老师引导学生分析一下,就会发现这些词中有的词素是我们常见的,因此我们只需借助字典找出那些既不易理解又是这个词里比较重要的词素的含义就行了。如“和蔼”一词的重点在“蔼”字上,它就是这个词的词眼,它在字典中的解释是“和气、态度好”,因此,“和蔼”的含义就是“和气,态度好”。经过反复练习,学生体验到了成功的喜悦,激发了学生的学习兴趣。

4、找近、反义词法。对于一些较简单的,容易找出近、反义词的词语来说,可引导学生用找近、反义词的方法来理解。?如“钢强”?就是“坚强、顽强”的意思,“冷淡”就是“不热情”的意思。

词是文的基础,只有正确理解词语的含义,才能为阅读及作文打好坚实的基矗而学生掌握了解词的方法就好象得到了一把打开词语宝库的金钥匙,对他们扩大阅读量,积累词语作好了充分的准备。

篇3:高考文言文词义理解方法

高考文言文词义理解方法

词义的理解(特别是实词的理解)是疏通整篇文言文的基础和关键,高考语文指导:文言文六种解词法。文言文的解词题也一直是高考文言文考查的重头戏(其实句子翻译也包含着词语解释)。我们如能将课本的基础文言文篇目烂熟于心,再适当向课外延伸,以课内为主、课外为辅,过文言解词关当无甚大碍。当然,文言解词也有方法和规律可循。

记忆解词法

识记是理解的基础,课本出现的常用文言文实词的基本词义一定要牢记,在考试过程中才能将知识迁移,转化为能力。这种考题在高考中经常出现。如今年试题中四个词有三个词(义项)在课本里出现过:“固”作动词体现在“臣闻求木之长者,必固其根本”(《谏太宗十思疏》)一句中,“济”作“成功”讲体现在“事又不济,反为所笑”(《群英会蒋干中计》)中,“相与”为“一起”之义包含在“于是舍人相与谏曰”(《廉颇蔺相如列传》)一句中。其他如春考的“属”、“怿”、“弥”,在教材中都能找到依托的语句,句子虽不同,但词义相同。

组词解词法

古代汉语大多是单音词,发展到现代汉语基本上都演变成了双音词,有的词语只是在文言词前面或后面加上一个字便是现代汉语的双音词。掌握了古代汉语与现代汉语的这一联系,将文言文中单音词组成现代汉语的`双音词或合成词,也能帮助我们更好地解词。如20春考的“属”(下属)、秋考的“排”(排挤)都可依此法得到答案。另外,还有一些由两个单音词组成的词语,在解释时要分别组词,如秋考第18小题D选项的“可以”一词是由有单独意义的“可”和“以”构成的,解为“可以用来”。

成语解词法

现代汉语的很多成语都是由古代汉语中的词直接继承下来或由某个故事概括而成的,成语中个别字词的解法就是古汉语的解法。所以在解释中碰到不懂的字词不妨联想一些包含此词的成语,问题有时便能迎刃而解。如年春考的“弥”,我们可以联想成语“弥天大谎”的“弥”来理解,20秋考的“跻”,可以借助成语“跻峰造极”的“跻”来理解,高考辅导《高考语文指导:文言文六种解词法》。又如一则文言文里有“始至之日,岁比不登,盗贼满野,狱讼充斥”的句子,这里“登”的含义也许不好理解,如能联系成语“五谷丰登”,那么这句话里“登”的意思就可以确定了,即“庄稼成熟”。

对文解词法

也叫互文解词法。古人行文,往往采用结构相同或相似的句子,在相对应的位置上使用同义、反义或相关联的词语。根据这一点,有些词语依据上下文就能断定其含义。如秋考的“再”一词,“再”有两个基本含义:“第二次”和“两次”,据上文“一射而矢堕”一句,“一”与“再”应为对文,“一”为“第一次”之义,所以“再”解为“第二次”。又如此文中“身不暇骑,骑不暇彀,彀不暇的”加点字也可借助此法理解。教材中的对文现象更是不胜枚举,兹举两例:①“蝉则千转不穷,猿则百叫无绝。”(《与朱元思书》);②“于是六国之士,有……之属为之谋;……之徒通其意;……之伦制其兵。”(《过秦论》)。

活用解词法

在古汉语中,某些词在特定的语言环境中可以灵活运用,临时改变它的基本功能,在句中充当其他类词,词的这种临时灵活运用,就叫做词类活用。根据词类活用这一特殊用法,在碰到有活用现象的词语时,必须解释它活用后的意义。如20春考的“宝”字,在“至今宝之”中后还跟代词“之”,为意动用法,应解释为“把……看作珍宝(像珍宝一样收藏)”;20xx年秋考的“冠”一词,在“文章冠世”一句中明显作动词用,意为“居于首位”。类似的情况如“甲”(“最余杭而甲灵隐也”)解释为“居于第一”、“是最好的”。

语境解词法

词不离句,句不离篇。词的多个义项只有在语境中才能得到过滤,没有语境,有时便无法分析词的含义。推断词语含义,要结合句子本身的语言环境,有时甚至要通观整段文字、整篇文章的大语言环境。如今年高考试题中的“乘”字,在教材和平时的训练中多为“趁着”“乘机”义,但这里解不通,根据前文项城为叛军围困,县令李侃妇杨氏激励大家“宜相与致死以守其邑”的叙述和后文“项城,小邑也,无长戟劲弩、高城深沟之固,贼气吞焉,将超城而下”等的描写,可以推断出“乘”为“防守”、“登”义。其他诸如年秋考的“矜”(注重),20xx年秋考的“峻”(高傲),都必须结合上下文的语境来分析,才能准确理解和翻译。

篇4:浅析外贸英语函电词义理解

浅析外贸英语函电词义理解

本文根据外贸英语函电词义专业性强和一词多义等特点,提出五点词义理解的对策:通过句法确定词性,从而确定词义;根据词的'搭配关系确定词义;根据专业来确定词义;使用词的引伸义;通过词性转换确定词义.

作 者:王瑞莲  作者单位:肇庆市科技职业技术学院,广东肇庆,526020 刊 名:新西部(下半月) 英文刊名:NEW WEST 年,卷(期):2008 “”(6) 分类号:H3 关键词:外贸英语   函电   词义确定  

篇5:论词义的理解和选择

论词义的理解和选择

从英汉词汇的.比较入手,通过具体译例分析科技翻译词义处理的重要性及应遵循的原则,重点论述如何根据上下文的各种关系来正确地理解和选择词义.

作 者:刘国仕 LIU Guoshi  作者单位:河南工业大学对外合作处,郑州市,450001 刊 名:中国科技翻译  PKU英文刊名:CHINESE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY TRANSLATORS JOURNAL 年,卷(期): 20(2) 分类号:H0 关键词:上下文   科技翻译   词义选择   英汉  

篇6:高考英语阅读理解猜测词义题解题方法

猜测词义时,一般可利用以下四个方面的线索:

一是针对性的解释

针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想,在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或高深的词汇等所做的通俗化的解释。这些解释提供的信息明确具体,所使用的语言通俗易懂,利用它们来猜测词义就非常简单。

1.根据定义(definition)猜测词义

如果生词有一个句子(定语从句或是同位语<同位语前常有 or, similarly, that is to say, in other words, namely, or other, say,  i.g. 等>或是同位语从句)或段落来定义,或使用破折号,冒号,分号后的内容和引号括号中的内容加以解释和定义,那么理解这个句子或段落本身就是推断词义。定义常用的谓语动词多为:be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, be called, define, represent, refer to, signify 等。

例1.Do you know what a “territory” is ? A territory is an area that an animal ,usually the male, claims(声称)as its own.(2005年湖北卷)

[分析]由定义可推知,这里territory指的是:“动物的地盘”。

例2.In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today.(2005年浙江卷)

[分析]由同位语an endangered wild cat我们很快猜出生词ocelots的义域:一种濒临灭绝野猫。

例3. Here is The Pines ,whose cook has developed a special way of mixing foreign food such as caribou ,wild boar ,and reindeer with surprising sauces . (2004年福建卷)

According to the passage ,The Pines is a         .

A.place in which you can see many mobile homes

B.mountain where you can get a good view of the valley

C.town which happens to be near the Banff National Park

D.restaurant where you can ask for some special kinds of food

[分析]通过whose引导的定语从句,我们可以推测到:The Pines 是一家餐馆的名字,由此不难推出理解题的答案为:D。

2.根据举例猜测词义

恰当的举例能够提供猜测生词的重要线索。

例4. The course gives you chances to know great power polities between nation states. It will provide more space to study particular issues such as relationship among countries in the European Union, third world debt, local and international disagreement, and the work of such international bodies as the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, and the World Bank.(2004年辽宁卷)

[分析]根据such as 后面列举的一系列例子,我们应该能推断出句中的issue 是指“议题”。

二是内在逻辑关系

根据内在逻辑关系推测词义是指应用语言知识分析和判断相关信息之间存在的逻辑关系,然后根据逻辑联系推断生词词义或大致义域。

1.根据对比、比较关系猜测词义

在一个句子或段落中,有对两个事物或现象进行对比性的描述,我们可以根据生词的反义词猜测其词义。表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要有:unlike, not, but, however, despite, in spite of, in contrast 等。表示对比关系的句子结构:while 引导的并列句。同对比关系相反,比较关系表示意义上的相似关系。表示比较关系的词和短语主要有:similarly, like, just as, also, as well as 等。

例5.A child’s birthday party doesn’t  have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun.

What does the underlined word “hassle” (paragraph 1) probably mean? (2002年NMET)

A.a party designed by specialists               B.a plan requiring careful thought

C.a situation causing difficulty or trouble       D.a demand made by guests

[分析]根据对比关系,这里hassle 和 a basket of fun 是相反的意义,很容易判断理解题的答案为C。

例6.Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious.

该句中副词similarly表明短语loves to talk和loquacious 之间的比较关系,其意义相近。由此我们可推断出loquacious的意思是“健谈的”。

2.根据因果关系猜测词义

在句子或段落中,若两个事物现象之间构成因果关系,我们可以根据这种逻辑关系推测生词词义。

例7.feel that since you are my superior , it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .”

(2005年上海卷)

The word “presumptuous” in the middle of the passage is closest in meaning to “      ” .

A.full of respect     B.too confident and rude  C.lacking in experience  D.too shy and quiet

[分析]根据since 引导的原因状语从句的内容(“既然你是我的上司”),我们可以推断这里presumptuous的意思是:“冒失的,放肆的”意思,后半句的意思是:我告诉你怎么做会是一种放肆/冒失的行为。对应的理解题答案为:B。

例8.Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots,or young leaves.(2005年江西卷)

根据原因状语从句的内容,我们可以判断Pruning的意思是:“修剪(树枝等)”的意思。

3.根据说明、并列、同等同义近义、、反义等关系猜测词义

在句子或段落中,我们可以利用熟悉的词语,根据语言环境所表面的关系猜测词义。

例9.William Shakespeare said. “The web of our life is of a mingled yarn(纱线),good and ill together.” (2005年江苏卷)

The underlined word “mingled” in the last paragraph most probably means     .

A.simple     B.mixed         C.sad           D.happy

[分析]句中good and ill together 更具体地说明了a mingled yarn的意义,据此我们不难推测mingled的意思是:“混合的,交织的”。

例10.Is it possible to beat high blood pressure without drugs ? The answer is “yes”, according to the researchers at Johns Hopkins and three other medical centers. (2004年湖北卷)

[分析]根据and three other medical centers 这种并列关系,我们很容易推断出:Johns Hopkins是一家医疗中心。

例11.There is no reason to insult and defame the man simply because you do not agree  with him.

[分析]根据与insult“侮辱”的同等关系猜测defame为“诋毁” ,“中伤”或“诽谤”

例12.The game Americans call soccer is known around the world as football.

[分析]运用与football的同义关系推断为“足球”。

例13.The house stood at the end of a quiet neat street. The little dwelling,however,looked neglected and cheerless.

[分析]运用与The house近义关系可以推断dwelling与住所有关

例14.Most women in China ---educated and illiterated, urban and rural, the young and old-----work to earn an income in addition to maintaining their roles as housewives and mothers.

[分析]后面的urban and rural, the young and old之间都有反义关系,运用这个关系可以推断illiterated为“未接受过教育的,即文盲”

三是通过构词法

在猜测词义过程中,我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识,从生词本身猜测词义。

1.根据前缀猜测词义

例15.Do you have any strong opinion on co-educational or single-sex schools?

根据词根educational (教育的),结合前缀co-(共同,一起),我们便可以猜出co-educational的意思是:“男女同校教育的”意思。(2005年江西卷)

2.根据后缀猜测词义

例16. It's a quiet, comfortable hotel overlooking (俯瞰) the bay in an uncommercialized Cornish fishing village on England's most southerly point.(2005年广东卷)

后缀 -ise/ize意思是“使成为…;使…化”,结合词根commercial(商业的),不难猜出 uncommercialized 的意思是:“未被商业化的”。

3.根据复合词的各部分猜测词义

例17.Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well – designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward(别扭的)hand positions.(2005年北京卷)

Well-designed 或许是个生词,但我们分析该词的结构后,就能推测出其含义。它由well (好,优秀)和design (设计)两部分组成,合在一起便是“设计精巧的”意思。

例18. We live in a technological society where most goods are mass-produced by unskilled labor. Because of this, most people that craft (手艺) no longer exists. (2004年浙江卷)

根据合成词中的mass (大量的)和produce (生产),我们可以推测 mass-produce的意思是:“大批量生产;规模生产”的意思。

4.猜测词性变换新词含义

例19.The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. (2004年山东卷)

head本为名词,表头。由the bus和home的语境逻辑可以推断,该句head为动词,表方向,结合全句可译为“开往、驶向”。

例20.I had first known she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. (2004全国卷Ⅱ)

cloud本为名词,表云。分析语境逻辑可知,忧虑会影响一个人的判断,因此该句clouded应译为使难以……。

四是根据生活常识

运用自身的生活经验及生活常识,根据上下文能读懂的部分,可以正确猜出词义。下面文字中划线单词的词义你能猜出来吗?

例21.Birds fly with their wings, and they pick up their foods, and then eat them with their beaks and they use their claws for tearing, seizing, pulling or holding objects.

例22.Most of the roses are beginning to wither because of the cold.

句子的已知部分和我们的常识告诉我们:beaks是“喙”;claws是“爪子”;wither表示“枯萎”。

结合以上指导解下列两道阅读理解题

A

Ever since news of widespread food recalls caused by a carcinogenic dye broke, there has been confusion(混淆) over possible links to the country of the same name, but Sudan officials say there is no connection whatever.

Sudan?1 is a red industrial dye that has been found in some chilli powder, but was banned in food products across the European Union (EU) in July 2003.

Since the ban was put in place, EU officials have been striving to remove some food products from the shelves. So far 580 products have been recalled.

Last week Sudan’s Embassy in the United Kingdom asked the Food Standards Agency (FSA) for clarification of the origin of the dye’s name.

Omaima Mahmoud Al Sharief, a press official at Sudan’s Embassy in China, explained the purpose of the inquiry was to clear up any misunderstanding over links between the country and the poisonous dye.

“We want to keep an eye on every detail and avoid any misunderstanding there,” she said. “Our embassy to Britain asked them how the dye got that name and whether the dye had something to do with our country. But they told us there was no relationship.”

The FSA, an independent food security watchdog in Britain, received a letter from the Sudanese embassy last week.

“They asked us why the dye is named Sudan, however, we also do not know how it got the name,” she said. “People found the dye in 1883 and gave it the name. Nobody knows the reason, and we cannot give any explanation before we find out.”

Sudan dyes, which include Sudan?1 to 4, are red dyes(颜料) used for colouring solvents(溶剂), oils, waxes, petrol, and shoe and floor polishes. They are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer.

1. What does the underlined word mean in paragraph one?

A. Causing cancer.    B. Having side effect.    C. Containing poison.    D.Poisonous.

2. How did the Sudan?1 get its name?

A. The dye is often produced in Sudan.

B. The dye has something to do with the country named Sudan.

C. Nobody is sure of the origin of the name.

D. Many foods produced in Sudan contain the dye.

3. We can infer from the passage that.

A. the Sudan government is paying much attention to the food safety

B. Sudan?1 is often used to be added to the food

C. people didn’t realize the danger of Sudan?1 until 2003

D. many food shops will be closed down

4. Which of the following is the best title?

A. Keep away from Sudan?1

B. No Sudan?1 dye links to the country

C. How Sudan?1 dye got its name?

D. Pay attention to the food safety

B

The Man of Many Secrets — Harry Houdini — was one of the greatest American entertainers in the theater this century. He was a man famous for his escapes — from prison cells, from wooden boxes floating in rivers, from locked tanks full of water. He appeared in theaters all over Europe and America. Crowds came to see the great Houdini and his “magic” tricks.

Of course, his secret was not magic or supernatural powers. It was simply strength. He had the ability to move his toes as well as he moved his fingers. He could move his body into almost any position he wanted.

Houdini started working in the entertainment world when he was 17, in 1891. He and his brother Theo performed card tricks in club in New York. They called themselves the Houdini Brothers. When Harry married in 1894, he and his wife Bess worked together as magician and assistant. But for a long time they were not very successful. Then Harry performed his first prison escape, in Chicago in 1898. Harry persuaded a detective to let him try to escape from the prison, and he invited the local newspapermen to watch.

It was the publicity(宣传) that came from this that started Harry Houdini’s success. Harry had fingers trained to escape from handcuffs and toes trained to escape ankle chins. But his biggest secret was how he unlocked the prison doors. Every time he went into the prison cell, Bess gave him a kiss for good luck — and a small skeleton key, which is a key that fits many locks, pass quickly from her mouth to his.

Harry used these prison escapes to build his fame. He arranged to escape from the local prison of every town he visited. In the afternoon, the people of the town would read about it in their local newspapers, and in the evening every seat in the local theater would be full. What was the result? World-wild fame, and a name remembered today.

5. According to the passage, Houdini’s success in prison escapes depends on _______.

A. his special tricks and supernatural powers       B. his unusual ability and a skeleton key

C. his magic tricks and unhuman powers                    D. his wisdom and magic tricks

6. In the fourth paragraph, the underlined word “this” refers to _______.

A. his first prison escape       B. the year 1898     C. the publicity      D. Harry Houdini’s success

7. It can be inferred from the passage that Houdini became famous _______.

A. in 1894             B. before he married             C. at the age of 17         D. when he was about 24

8. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A. A Skeleton Key                           B. A Man of Many Secrets

C. World-wild Fame                          D. Great Escape

A篇【答案与解析】

1. A词义猜测题。根据They are classified as carcinogens by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. 可知这个词与癌症有关,故可推出carcinogenic意为“致癌的”。

2. C细节题。根据People found the dye in 1883 and gave it the name. Nobody knows the reason, and we cannot give any explanation before we find out.可知还没有人知道“苏丹红”名称的由来。

3. B推断题。根据EU officials have been striving to remove some food products from the shelves. So far 580 products have been recalled.可知某些食品因含有“苏丹红”而被召回。故可推断“苏丹红”经常用作食品添加剂。

4. B主旨大意题。根据there has been confusion over possible links to the country of the same name, but Sudan officials say there is no connection whatever. 可知本文主要讲“苏丹红”与苏丹这个国家是否有联系的问题,故B最佳。

B篇【答案与解析】本文介绍了Harry Houdini特技成功的经历和方法。

5. B。细节题。根据第4段第2句:Harry把手、脚都训练得很灵活来摆脱手链脚铐及第4句后半部分:妻子通过接吻传给他万能钥匙,可推知此题答案为B。

6. A。单词理解题。根据语境,this指上文所表演的事情:第一次越狱成功。由此可推知此题答案为A。

7. D。推断题。第3段第1句:他步入娱乐圈时是1891年,17岁;倒数第2句:第一次成功是1898年,时隔七年,应是24岁,可推知此题答案为D

8. D。主旨题。由文章第1段第2句:He was a man famous for his escapes — from prison cells, from wooden boxes floating in rivers, from locked tanks full of water,可知Harry 因逃脱出名,后面列举的例子谈的是他从监狱成功地逃出,所以答案为D。

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