当前位置：首页 > 实用文档 > 其他范文> GRE考试打好语法基础填空阅读都有大用

GRE考试打好语法基础填空阅读都有大用

时间：2023-08-30 07:54:17 其他范文收藏本文下载本文

GRE考试打好语法基础填空阅读都有大用（整理7篇）由网友“啊嘎啊”投稿提供，以下是小编整理过的GRE考试打好语法基础填空阅读都有大用，欢迎阅读分享，希望对您有所帮助。

GRE考试打好语法基础填空阅读都有大用

篇1：GRE考试打好语法基础填空阅读都有大用

谁说GRE考试没有语法?打好语法基础填空阅读都有大用

对连接词和引导词保持警惕

在从句中，对以下连接词和引导词要保持高度警惕：

1. which(或代词it)绝对不可指代前面的整个句子;

2. because不可引导名词性从句;

3. 宾语从句中引导词that一般不能省略;

4. if绝不可以引导名词性从句，如要表示“是否”，GRE考试只能用whether引导;

5. 对不作为介词宾语的事物作限定性修饰，GRE语法只用that而不用which。而which仅用于引导对介宾进行修饰的限定性从句和引导非限定性从句。

上面这些在GRE语法题中都曾经出现，且出错率也很高，希望大家多加注意。

there be句型错误使用

以下there be句型必错

1. there could be done sth.;

2. there be sth. done;

3. there being+名词词组

4. there was sth.(抽象的表动作的名词)，如说there was a transmisscion万万不可。呈般来说，GRE语法中there be仅用于“某处有某物”，而此物是指一具体名词，如knife，star，wolf等，而非抽象名词conversion, relation等。

being句型错误使用

在GRE考试中，关于being的以下使用必错

1. being+n.

2. being+adj.

3. as being+n./adj./v.-ving.;GRE语法认为在以上表达中，being完全多余。

简单表达方式

这些表达方式应对GRE语法真题比较常用

1. n. that is (are) adj.必然要换为ad.+n.的名词短语结构，如a man who is poor的选项必错，而应选含有a poor man的选项。

2. 当表示谓语部分，尤其是表示实义动词的含义时，就直接用其动词形式表示，而不要用名词形式或形容词形式，如：be a cause就一定会被cause(动词)替代;be suggestive of一定会被suggest替代。

3. 一些常见词的替换方式：not any一定会被no替代;that which一定会被what替代;hav ing been done会被done(限定词)所替代。

平行结构

在平行结构中，对于“不是……而是”的结构， ETS更喜欢用rather than,而很少用inst ead of。实践中，若5个选项中存在这两个词的互换，直接在含rather than的选项中找答案，除非含rather than的结构有语法或逻辑错误，才可考虑instead of。.在我们通常使用的there be句型中，以下表达必错。

1. there could be done sth.;

2. there be sth. done;

3. there being+名词词组

GRE分类词汇记忆：误解

6.11.2 误解

contort v. 曲解;(使)扭曲 (contortion n. 扭曲，弯曲)

garble v. 曲解，窜改

garbled adj. 引起误解的;窜改的

heretical adj. 异端邪说的

misinform v. 向…提供错误信息

misperceive v. 误解

misrepresent v. 误传，歪曲

misrepresentation n. 歪曲

pervert v. 歪曲;误用;使堕落

travesty v./n. 曲解，歪曲模仿

GRE分类词汇记忆

6.11.1 错误

amiss adv. 有毛病地，出差错地

delinquency n. 过失，失职

err v. 犯错误，出错 (error n. 错误)

fallacious adj. 谬误的;欺骗的(误导的)

fallacy n. 谬误，错误

fallibility n. 易于出错，出错性

fallible adj. 会犯错的，易犯错的

fault n. 错误;(地质学)断层

howler n. 滑稽可笑的错误;嚎叫的人或动物

illusion n. 错觉，假象

lapse n. 失误;(时间等)流逝

offence(offense) n. 错事;得罪

peccadillo n. 小过失 (peccable adj. 易犯罪的 peccant adj. 有罪的)

transgression n. 罪过，违法

fail-safe n. 自动防故障装置

glitch n. 小故障

malfunction n. 故障，障碍;v. 发生故障

corrupt adj. 文体有错误的;堕落的，腐败的

malapropism n. 字的误用

misnomer n. 名字的误用

typo n. 排印错误

GRE分类词汇记忆：资格

6.10 资格

eligible adj. 合格的

qualified adj. 有资格的;有限制的 (qualify v. 具有资格;限制)

rational adj. 合理的;理性的

candidacy n. 候选人的资格 (candidateship n. 候选人的资格)

slate n. 候选人名单;石板;v. 提名

disbar v. 取消律师资格

flunk v. 考试不及格

ineligible adj. 没有资格的

unqualified adj. 无资格的;无限制的，绝对的

GRE分类词汇记忆：光滑

7.2.1 光滑

even adj.平的;(相等的;偶数的)

glossy adj. 光滑的，光泽的

lubricious adj. 光滑的;好色的

satiny adj. 光滑的，柔细的

slick adj. 光滑的;圆滑的;熟练的

slippery adj. 滑的;狡猾的

smooth adj. 光滑的;平稳的;v. 弄平，使光滑;消除

篇2：如何打好GRE阅读复习基础

如何打好GRE阅读复习基础?备考前期3大必做热身运动一览

拓展GRE词汇量

词汇是一切英语考试的基础，对于GRE阅读来说自然也是必不可少的。对于词汇基础比较薄弱的考生来说，可以先从托福词汇背起;而对于有一定词汇基础的考生来说，可以直接学习GRE词汇。比较不错的GRE词汇书有GRE红宝书、要你命三千系列，其他词汇书还有很多，大家可以根据自己的背诵习惯，比如逆序、乱序等方法选择对应版本，以免自己记住了词汇的位置，在其他地方见到时仍旧不认识的尴尬。之后大家可以根据自己的情况制定适合自己的背词计划。同时千万不要放松对已背单词的复习，要学会温故而知新。

对于词汇书的选择，一定要根据自己的基础，选择合适的词汇书。同时考生可以选择对词汇的用法、释义有精准把握，对GRE考试有深远的洞察力的书籍。

打好语法基础

对于语法基础不好的考生来说，一定要先巩固语法。因为GRE阅读考试最大的难点就是长难句，所以考生可以侧重对长难句进行复习。首先可以挑选一些简单的句子进行主干分析，等简单句子主干分析没有问题之后，再进入长难句的分析每天背完单词之后，用一个小时的时间来补习语法知识，再用一个小时的时间练习分析句子。这样词汇和长难句的问题就可以迎刃而解了。

了解阅读题型和解题技巧

对于初次接触GRE考试的学生而言，建议大家准备一本OG，这本书可以为GRE新手提供比较权威的指导。书中详细介绍了GRE阅读的题型以及各个题型的解题技巧，还为考生提供了一些参考题来检测自己目前的水平，以便日后更有针对性地进行复习。

做好了以上这些准备工作，你的GRE阅读复习之路才算是正式开始，而最终能够达到怎样的高度，完全取决于考生的阅读基础打得多深，还有之后投入了多少时间和精力。总而言之，GRE阅读绝对不是能够通过短期突击就能取巧的考试科目，打好基础，做好热身运动才是关键所在。

GRE阅读语法结构：并列平行

并列平行结构

英语常用并列连词来连接两个或两个以上的同等成分，而这种结构我们称之为并列平行结构，而比较常用的连词有：and, but, so, yet, for, nor, or , not only…but also, either…or,以及neither…nor等等。一般说来连接的同等成分可以是两个或几个动词，两个或几个动词的宾语，两个或几个名词的定语，两个或几个介词短语等。如果并列连词连接的是两个或几个简单句，就构成了一个并列句。这里举几个小的例子：

In fact, privatization has not only rescued individual industries and a whole economy headed for disaster, but has also raised the level of performance in every area.这句话的中文意思是：事实上，私有化不仅挽救了个别企业和走向毁灭的整个经济，而且还提高了各行业的运作水平。在这个句子中，用and连接了individual industries和a whole economy这两个作为动词rescued的宾语，并且还使用了not only…but also连接了rescued和raised这两个动词引导的平行的谓语成分。

但是需要注意的是并不是每个and简单的认为它只有连接作用，其实它的用法在英语中十分丰富，它在句子中可以表示许多不同的目的。例如：We were singing and dancing.我们又唱又跳。The old lady fell down in the street and broke her leg.老妇人跌倒在街上，腿都摔断了(表示结果)。Fix the bicycle and I’ll pay you $6.修理这辆自行车，我就付给你6美元(表示条件)。He finished his homework and made for the dining room.他作完家庭作业后去了食堂(表示连续)。The girl grows up and still knows nothing about her family.这女孩长大了，对家里的事还是一无所知(表示对比)。

此外其他的并列连词都各表示不同的意义：but，yet表示对比;either…or…, neither…nor…表示选择;so表示结果;for表示原因等等。

But since the consequences of poverty are related to powerlessness, not to the absolute supply of money available to the poor, and since the amount of power purchasable with a given supply of money decreases as a society acquires a larger supply of goods and services, the solution of raising the incomes of the poor is likely, unless accompanied by other measures, to be ineffective in a wealthy society.

句子解析：这个句子的两个since引导的处于并列关系的原因状语从句，在主句中unless accompanied by other measures作为插入语表示让步分割了谓语部分。

句子翻译：但是，既然贫穷与穷人可得到的货币绝对供应量无关，而是无权利所造成的，既然用一定量的货币所能购买的权力量随着一个社会获得的商品和服务量的增加而下降，那么提高穷人收入的解决办法在一个富裕社会很可能不会奏效，除非同时采取其他的措施。

The time has long since arrived to recognize commercial representation as a profession per se, the successful exercise of which is positively correlated with careful initial selection of commercial representatives, the level and content of their formal education and specialized training, the length and variety of their pertinent experience, and the quality of support they receive from the trade promotion or ministry at home.

句子解析：这句话的主干部分十分短小：The time has long. Since引导的状语从句部分都是为了说明驻外商务代表成为专门的业务时其相关的一些情况，在exercise of后面的which代表的是commercial representation，后面有几个用and连接的与选择好驻外商务代表相关的要考虑的东西: the level and content of their formal education and specialized training; the length and variety of their pertinent experience和the quality of support。

句子翻译：驻外商务代表的工作实际上是一种专门的业务---早就应该这样看待这个问题。要把这项工作做好，首先是要选择好驻外商务代表。要考虑他们所受的正规教育和专门培训的程度和内容，他们过去有哪些和有多少相关的经验，以及他们能够从国内的贸易促进机构和贸易部得到什么样的支持。

GRE阅读语法结构：分割结构

分割结构

在英语中常常出现这样的现象：语法关系密切的两个句子成分被其他句子成分所分割开来，而有这种现象的句子结构我们称之为分割结构。它的种类十分繁多，但我们常常遇到这样的情况，即在主语与谓语之间插入介词短语或是从句等比较长的结构用于描述一个状态，或是修饰说明主语，在这种情况下，其目的往往是为了保持语义的严密，结构的紧凑。

例如：

Most novelists and historians writing in the early to mid-twentieth century who considered women in the West, when they considered women at all, fell under Turner's spell.这句话的中文意思是从本世纪初到本世纪中叶从事写作的小说家和历史学家只要描写妇女，就会描述西部妇女，而且都被特纳迷住。这句话的主干是Most novelists and historians fell under Turner's spell.其主语和谓语间被writing引导的修饰用的短语，一个由who引导的用于修饰Most novelists and historians的定语从句，和在这个由who引导的定语从句中的状语从句所分割开来。

当然有时还会存在这样的情况，即同位语或同位语从句与先行词的分割是为了照顾句子结构平衡或突出强调的需要。

例如：

After Galileo's work the feeling grew that there were universal laws governing the motion of bodies and that these laws might apply to motion in the heavens as well as on earth.这句话的中文意思是在伽利略著作之后，这样的认识加强了，即认为存在着支配物体运动的普遍规律，这些规律不仅支配着地球上的而且也支配着天体上的物体的运动。在这句话中the feeling和that引导的从句被分割。

此外，还有定语(或定语从句)与中心词被分割;某些词与其所要求的介词被分割;动词与其宾语被分割等等许多情况。总之，英语的分割遵循的是尾重原则，即将长而复杂的成分放在句末，从而使结构平衡均匀，以避免主语部分太长，谓语部分太短)，和句尾信息焦点原则，即把新信息(往往是语义的重点)放在句子末尾。所以阅读时一定要注意先找出句子主干来，再来分析句子的其他部分。

A contiguous zone is an area extending seaward from the territorial sea in which the coastal or island nation may exercise the control necessary to prevent or punish infringement of its customs, along with its fiscal, immigration, and sanitary laws and regulations that occur within its territory or territorial sea (but not for so-called security purposes).

句子解析：这句话的主干部分十分简单就是A contiguous zone is an area。后面的extending引导的短语是用来定义和解释area的，而再后面的in which引导的定语从句部分也是用来修饰它的，而在这个定语从句中还有一个由that引导的定语从句，用于修饰其前面的infringement但它被一起修饰作用的介词短语所分割。

句子翻译：毗连区是从领海向外海一侧伸延的一片海区，沿海国或岛国在这一海区内可行使必要的管制，以防止或惩罚在其领土或领海内违反其海关、财政、移民和卫生法律与规章的行为(而不是所谓的安全目的)。

Anyone considering taking part in a work of transformation of those forms of older art which seem to us in many ways unsatisfactory, so that they should be more in turn with the changing timers, and anyone who does not quail at the prospect of seeking out new forms of expression for new materials and new building function, will find spiritual kinship, observing Borromini's buildings.

句子解析：这句话很长但这句话的主干很简单就是Anyone and anyone will find spiritual kinship，在两个并列的主语之间加入了一大段的用于解释说明第一个anyone，并且在这一大段中还有which引导的定语从句用于修饰those forms of older art，而在第二个主语同谓语部分之间还被一个由who引导的用于修饰第二个anyone的定语从句所分割，observing Borromini's buildings只是这个主干部分的状语部分用于进一步说明。

句子翻译：旧艺术形式在许多方面似乎不能令我们满意，这就有待于我们去变革这些形式以更好地跟上变化多端的时代步伐，任何考虑参加这项工作的人，任何勇于为新材料和新建筑功能探索新表现形式的人，观察一下博罗里尼的建筑，都会发现精神上的类似。

GRE阅读难句解析及训练

1. that sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted. (难度系数5，下同)

译文：那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。

难句类型：倒装、省略

解释：a本句的正常语序应当是：that sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendnts an individuall will have and hence the number of gene copies transmited will be favored.但是因为主语that sex ratio之后的以which引导的修饰它的定语从句，如果按照以上语序，则有头重脚轻之感。所以原文将此长长的从句倒装成谓语will be favored之后。

b在which引导的从句中，有两处省略：第一处在maximize的第一个宾语the number of descendants that an individuall will have中， an individuall will have是修饰descendants的定语从句，但是，因为descendants在从句中作have的宾语，所以引导词that可以省略。第二处省略是在第二个the number of 之前，省略了与前面一样的成分that sex ratio which maximizes. and hence在此表示后面的成分作为前面“最大化一个个体的后代的数目的”结果。

意群训练：that sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of descendants an individual will have and hence the number of gene copies transmitted.

2. (this is )a desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.

难句类型：复杂+倒装+省略;

译文：(这是一种)照亮现实的欲望，此欲望从来就不会唐突的取代后面的那种欲望，后者是我们可以将其部分的理解为一个兼任小说加和科学家的人想要去准确并具体的记录下一朵花的结构和文理的那种意义上的欲望。

解释：本句子的难度在一切gre、gmat包括lsat考试中所出现的难句中堪称登峰造极，可以确定地讲，类似此句子的难度的语言，在计算机考试的现场绝无可能出现。如果对此句话不感兴趣，可以把其废掉不读。

a、这句话读起来别扭的第一个原因，是因为它根本就不是一个句子。句首省略了this is 。这种用一个词代替一个句子的方式如果在书面语中出现，只能出现在高级英语中，因此我们以前的英语学习中从未遇到过。其形式类似于我们中文的“精彩”是“这句话真是精彩”的省略形式。

b、desire后跟着两个大的修饰成分，一个是to throw over reality a light，其中的a light 是被倒装到了over reality之后，正常应是throw a light over reality.不过这个便装部分与throw距离不远，读者看得还算懂。关键是第二个修饰成分。注意：从that开始直到句尾结束的长长的定语从句不是修饰其前的light的，而是修饰一开始的desire的。

c、第二个修饰成分中又来了一个倒装，由于作者为了强调never,所以将其提前，引发了定语从句中的倒装：正常语序应该是that might never be given away，倒装后系动词was被提前，given因为在情态动词might之后所以变成了原型give。a give way to b，是a让位于b，而a be given way to b，则是a取代b。on the part of 之后的部分修饰后面的desire，what引导的从句现场阅读时可以看成一个名词。what从句中的不定式to recored exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower中又有一个避免头重脚轻的倒装，正常语序应该是to recored the structure and texture of a flower exactly and concretely。

d、就算能够看懂这句话的结构，可能仍然理解不了意思。本句的意思是，哈代(注：人名老的冲动是一种简单的、说明现实的欲望，新冲动是一种即是小说家又像科学家的仔细研究一个东西的特点那样的欲望(新冲动)，前一种欲望是永远也不能取代后者的。

意群训练：(this is )a desire to throw over reality a light that never was might give away abruptly to the desire on the part of what we might consider a novelist-scientist to record exactly and concretely the structure and texture of a flower.

3. hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and risky ones. (3)

难句类型：复杂修饰、省略、抽象词

译文：哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的某种明显的无能，无法控制好那结不尽相同的创作冲动的穿梭往来;另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培养和维持那些富于生机活力和风险性强的创作冲动。

解释：介词from的宾语有两个并列的部分，由and所连接，在and之后的第二个from前，省略了前面一样的谓语动词derive。本句之所以难，有两个原因，一是derived from 后面的成分太长，初学者难以一下子看下来;二是作为一篇文科文章，用词抽象，难以迅速理解。

意群训练：hardy's weakenss derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energyetic and risky ones.

篇3：GRE阅读提分需要打好哪些基础

GRE阅读提分需要打好哪些基础?这些基本功赶紧练起来

GRE阅读提分基础：充足词汇量

GRE阅读考试所需掌握的单词要少的多，这些词往往都是些GRE阅读专属词汇，且重复率很高，只需集中背记一下就可以解决基本问题。

GRE阅读提分基础：句子理解能力

GRE阅读有很多阅读技巧，但它只是一种锦上添花的东西，要在你对文章的大意甚至对一些具体的内容有一定的理解的基础上才能发挥作用，而这个基础就体现在对句子的理解上。

GRE阅读提分基础：熟悉考点题型

GRE阅读考了很多年，已经呈现出了明确、固定的出题点和试题类型，考生应该对它们有充分的了解。

GRE阅读提分基础：灵活的阅读方法

要靠读懂全文来做对题，对中国考生来说是一件很难的事情，即使把文章全部翻译成中文，也很难在如此短的时间内逐字逐句理解全文，更何况是生词连篇、复杂难懂的英文，所以我们要靠快速读文法，学会抓重点。

GRE阅读提分基础：详略阅读的思路

这句话非常简单，然而，很多考生往往很难做到这一点，有的考生是不知道什么有用，不知道哪儿是出题点，也就不知道哪里详读哪里略读，只好全文都一样重点的读，其实也就等于全文都没读好。

GRE阅读提分基础：选择答案的方法技巧

GRE阅读考试的答案的确是有一些特点的。有一些答案一看就是正确答案，说得客观严谨、小心翼翼，有的一看就是错的，这里面包含一些特定的规律。

选择答案其实也有一定的方法，到哪儿找答案(定位)，怎么看选项(竖读、先读主干等)，按照什么依据排除干扰选项，怎么确定自己选择的是不是对的(文字对应法)，时间不够了怎么选等等。这些都需要考生在备考GRE阅读中逐步了解，融会贯通。

具备了以上这些基本功，再结合一定量的阅读练习，小编相信大家的GRE阅读备考提分之路也会走得更加轻松一些。

GRE阅读练习每日一篇

The social sciences are less likely than other intellectual enterprises to get credit for (get credit for: 因...而得到好评) their accomplishments. Arguably, this is so because the theories and conceptual constructs of the social sciences are especially accessible: human intelligence apprehends truths about human affairs with particular facility (with facility: 容易). And the discoveries of the social sciences, once isolated and labeled, are quickly absorbed into conventional wisdom, whereupon (whereupon: adv.于是, 因此) they lose their distinctiveness as scientific advances.

This underappreciation of the social sciences contrasts oddly with what many see as their overutilization. Game theory is pressed into service (press into service: v.暂时征用) in studies of shifting international alliances. Evaluation research is called upon to demonstrate successes or failures of social programs. Models from economics and demography become the definitive tools for examining the financial base of social security. Yet this rush into practical applications is itself quite understandable: public policy must continually be made, and policymakers rightly feel that even tentative findings and untested theories are better guides to decision-making than no findings and no theories at all.

17. The author is primarily concerned with

(A) advocating a more modest view, and less widespread utilization, of the social sciences

(B) analyzing the mechanisms for translating discoveries into applications in the social sciences

(D) explaining a peculiar dilemma that the social sciences are in

(E) maintaining a strict separation between pure and applied social science

18. Which of the following is a social science discipline that the author mentions as being possibly overutilized?

(A) Conventional theories of social change

(B) Game theory

(D) Economic theories of international alliances

(E) Systems analysis

19. It can be inferred from the passage that, when speaking of the “overutilization” (line 11) of the social sciences, the author is referring to the

(A) premature practical application of social science advances

(B) habitual reliance on the social sciences even where common sense would serve equally well

(C) practice of bringing a greater variety of social science disciplines to bear on a problem than the nature of the problem warrants

(D) use of social science constructs by people who do not fully understand them

(E) tendency on the part of social scientists to recast everyday truths in social science jargon

20. The author confronts the claim that the social sciences are being overutilized with

(A) proof that overextensions of social science results are self-correcting

(B) evidence that some public policy is made without any recourse to social science findings or theories

(D) the argument that overutilization is by and large the exception rather than the rule

(E) the observation that this practice represents the lesser of two evils under existing circumstances

The term “Ice Age” may give a wrong impression. The epoch that geologists know as the Pleistocene and that spanned the 1.5 to 2.0 million years prior to the current geologic epoch was not one long continuous glaciation, but a period of oscillating climate with ice advances punctuated by times of interglacial climate not very different from the climate experienced now. Ice sheets that derived from an ice cap (ice cap: n. 〈地〉冰帽;冰冠a cover of perennial ice and snow; specifically: a glacier forming on an extensive area of relatively level land and flowing outward from its center) centered on northern Scandinavia reached southward to Central Europe. And Beyond the margins of the ice sheets, climatic oscillations affected most of the rest of the world; for example, in the deserts, periods of wetter conditions (pluvials) contrasted with drier, interpluvial periods. Although the time involved is so short, about 0.04 percent of the total age of the Earth, the amount of attention devoted to the Pleistocene has been incredibly large, probably because of its immediacy, and because the epoch largely coincides with the appearance on Earth of humans and their immediate ancestors.

There is no reliable way of dating much of the Ice Age. Geological dates are usually obtained by using the rates of decay of various radioactive elements found in minerals. Some of these rates are suitable for very old rocks but involve increasing errors when used for young rocks; others are suitable for very young rocks and errors increase rapidly in older rocks. Most of the Ice Age spans a period of time for which no element has an appropriate decay rate.

Nevertheless, researchers of the Pleistocene epoch have developed all sorts of (all sorts of:各种各样的) more or less fanciful model schemes of how they would have arranged the Ice Age had they been in charge of events. For example, an early classification of Alpine glaciation suggested the existence there of four glaciations, named the Gunz, Mindel, Riss, and Wurm. This succession was based primarily on a series of deposits and events not directly related to glacial and interglacial periods, rather than on the more usual modern method of studying biological remains found in interglacial beds themselves interstratified within glacial deposits. Yet this succession was forced willy-nilly onto the glaciated parts of Northern Europe, where there are partial successions of true glacial ground moraines and interglacial deposits, with hopes of ultimately piecing them together to provide a complete Pleistocene succession. Eradication of the Alpine nomenclature is still proving a Herculean task (herculean task: 需要付出巨大气力的工作;极为艰巨的工作).

There is no conclusive evidence about the relative length, complexity, and temperatures of the various glacial and interglacial periods. We do not know whether we live in a postglacial period or an interglacial period. The chill truth seems to be that we are already past the optimum climate of postglacial time. Studies of certain fossil distributions and of the pollen of certain temperate plants suggest decreases of a degree or two in both summer and winter temperatures and, therefore, that we may be in the declining climatic phase leading to glaciation and extinction.

21. In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with

(A) searching for an accurate method of dating the Pleistocene epoch

(B) discussing problems involved in providing an accurate picture of the Pleistocene epoch

(D) criticizing fanciful schemes about what happened in the Pleistocene epoch

(E) refuting the idea that there is no way to tell if we are now living in an Ice Age

22. The “wrong impression” (line 1) to which the author refers is the idea that the

(A) climate of the Pleistocene epoch was not very different from the climate we are now experiencing

(B) climate of the Pleistocene epoch was composed of periods of violent storms

(D) Pleistocene epoch comprised one period of continuous glaciation during which Northern Europe was covered with ice sheets

(E) Pleistocene epoch had no long periods during which much of the Earth was covered by ice

23. According to the passage, one of the reasons for the deficiencies of the “early classification of Alpine glaciation” (lines 32-33) is that it was

(A) derived from evidence that was only tangentially related to times of actual glaciation

(B) based primarily on fossil remains rather than on actual living organisms

(D) based on unmethodical examinations of randomly chosen glacial biological remains

(E) derived from evidence that had been haphazardly gathered from glacial deposits and inaccurately evaluated

24. Which of the following does the passage imply about the “early classification of Alpine glaciation” (lines 32-33)?

(A) It should not have been applied as widely as it was.

(B) It represents the best possible scientific practice, given the tools available at the time.

(D) It could be useful, but only as a general guide to the events of the Pleistocene epoch.

(E) It does not shed any light on the methods used at the time for investigating periods of glaciation.

25. It can be inferred from the passage that an important result of producing an accurate chronology of events of the Pleistocene epoch would be a

(A) clearer idea of the origin of the Earth

(B) clearer picture of the Earth during the time that humans developed

(D) more detailed understanding of how radioactive dating of minerals works

(E) firmer understanding of how the northern polar ice cap developed

26. The author refers to deserts primarily in order to

(A) illustrate the idea that an interglacial climate is marked by oscillations of wet and dry periods

(B) illustrate the idea that what happened in the deserts during the Ice Age had far-reaching effects even on the ice sheets of Central and Northern Europe

(D) support the view that during the Ice Age sheets of ice covered some of the deserts of the world

(E) support the view that we are probably living in a postglacial period

27. The author would regard the idea that we are living in an interglacial period as

(A) unimportant

(B) unscientific

(D) plausible

(E) absurd

答案：17-27：DBAEBDAABCD

篇4：gre阅读考试都有哪些出题点

gre阅读考试都有哪些出题点

新gre阅读出题点(1):时间和数字(number)

一般来说，出现时间概念的文章(essay)或段落通常和时间顺序(order)有关，作者会用不同的时间点串出一条时间线索(clue)。而个别数字的出现则意味着这个数字所阐述概念的重要性是不容忽视的(ignored)，因此，除非文章中出现了数据堆积的现象(phenomenon)，考生都需要把数字记录(record)下来。在记录时间和数字时需要注意两个问题(question)，一是在记录时间的同时要同步记录下该时间点所发生事件的关键词，二是无论文章中的时间和数字是什么形式(form)，考生在记录的时候都一律记录成阿拉伯数字，以便于之后做题时的查询。

新gre阅读出题点(2):主题段和主题句的关键词(key words)

gre文章中的主题段和主题句都是参与搭建文章结构的，因此记录它们中的几个关键词对于把握全文的结构非常重要。同时，文章中有很多的重要信息(information)也会包含在这部分内容中。

gre阅读出题点(3):人名、地名和专有名词(proper noun)

这些概念在文章中出现的时候，一般都会出现大写字母或引号等标记(sign)，非常有利于信息索引和定位。此外，当提到这几个具体的概念时(concept)，文章通常是在用这些概念说明某个理论或者观点(opinion)，因此记录下这些概念对于理解相关理论和观点可以起到一定的辅助作用。

新gre阅读出题点(4):举例主体。有的时候，为了说明某些理论和观点，文章中会出现大段的举例文字

实际上(in fact)，gre考试中考查这些例子具体内容(specific content)的时候非常少，而更多的是考查作者使用这些例子的原因(reason)或它们所证明的观点。因此，考生在快速笔记中只需要记录下例子是什么就可以了，至于例子中所阐述的具体信息，可以适当忽略(omit)。

新gre阅读出题点(5):新概念和局部核心概念

所谓“新概念”是指当考生读到文章某个位置时，之前没有出现过的概念。这种新概念的出现(appearance)，意味着已有的概念已经不能说明这里要阐述的问题，所以，新概念的出现必然也意味着一个重要信息的出现。而“局部核心概念”是指在连续的几个段落中集中阐述的主题概念，对于这种概念来说，无论是作为观点还是举例大家都应该注意(pay attention to)，因为它显然是作为重点在文章中被强调的(emphasized)。

新gre阅读出题点(6):重要的逻辑关系(relation)

很多考生在阅读文章的时候只注意到了文章所阐述的重要内容，但是忽略了信息之间的逻辑关系，因而对信息关联理解不准确(incorrect)，这也是一种严重的错误(mistake)。因此，在阅读过程中记录下信息之间所产生的逻辑关系可以避免(avoid)考生丢失信息之间的关联信息。

GRE阅读材料中哪些应该详读

我们知道做GRE阅读题时不能细致地看完阅读文章的全部内容，因为阅读量大，时间很紧张，但是又不能马马虎虎将文章看完，这就决定了我们在做题的时候需要详略得当地读文章。哪些内容需要详读，哪些内容又需要略读，这是根据考题或者考点所出现的频率来决定的。换句话说，如果某一块的内容经常是考查的对象，我们就需要详读;而不经常出考题的地方，我们就需要略读。今天，新东方小编就重点讲解一下GRE阅读文章中应该详读的内容，也就是经常出考题的地方。

首先就是注意文章的主旨和结构体系，这是我们做任何GRE阅读题的基础，也是最需要把握的地方。GRE阅读文章中经常会出现三种典型的结构体系，即全文论证一个观点型、新旧观点对比型、问题解释型。全文论证一个观点型的结构特点是，文章的Topic Sentence经常出现在第一段中，有可能是第一句话也有可能是最后一句话，这需要借助逻辑连接词去判断，除去第一段剩下的每一段的第一句话都是对这一段的一个概括总结。新旧观点对比型的结构特点是首先会提出一个旧观点，然后对旧观点进行描述，指出旧观点的缺陷和不足之处，接下来就会提出新观点，新观点也有可能存在缺陷。Topic Sentence是对新观点概述的一句话。问题解释型的结构特点是会在文章的开头提出一个现象或者是有待解决的问题，然后会对问题或者现象进行一些解释，最后是对解释的一些评价。

针对文章的主旨和结构体系经常出的考题有考查文章大意内容，作者组织文章的方式，文章结构类型，段落间的关系，以及文章续写的内容等。答题的关键就是把握住文章的主旨句。

接下来就是注意表示作者态度的句子，作者通常用副词状语或者形容词定语来表达态度。态度题有五种类型，正态度，负态度，客观态度，无明确态度和复杂态度(即有让步成分的态度)。但是在看表示态度的句子时，一定要注意是“谁”对“谁”的态度。

还有需要注意的就是事物之间的关系，主要出题的有三种关系：相似，不同和比较。表示事物之间相似的标志词有：like, be equal to/with, be alike, be similar to, equivalence等。如果问题问的是A事物，我们可以通过B事物的特征来回答问题。表示事物之间不同的标志词有：unlike，differ from， contradict，while，far from等。出现事物不同的关系时，原文通常叙述的是A，而问题问的是B，这时对A的叙述取反就可以得出答案了。表示事物之间比较的标志词有：最高级和比较级，以及分数倍数的表达。

最后需要重点注意的是表示事物缺陷的部分，其特征词是defect， imprecise，deficiency，inappropriate，drawback，falsity，unfortunately等。这些特征词都是与负态度相联系的。对事物缺陷的提问方式会有两种：What the limitation of…? Which of the following can remedy the shortcomings…in the passage? 遇到这种问题要考虑负态度和事物的缺陷。

GRE阅读理解逻辑练习题

对于没有对新GRE阅读准备充分的考生，建议第一遍时一定卡时间练习。以下是新东方小编整理的新GRE阅读逻辑题练习10套，所有10个练习共计132道逻辑单题，数量已经足够;反复训练这些题目，希望能够帮助大家攻克新GRE阅读题。

1. Patel: Although enrollment in the region's high school has been decreasing for several years, enrollment at the elementary school has grown considerably. Therefore, the regional school board proposes building a new elementary school.

Quintero: Another solution would be to convert some high school classrooms temporarily into classrooms for elementary school students. Which of the following, if true, most helps to support

Quintero's alternative proposal?

(A) Some rooms at the high school cannot be con-verted into rooms suitable for the use of ele-mentary school students.

(B) The cost of building a high school is higher than the cost of building an elementary school.

(C) Although the birth rate has not increased, the number of families sending their children to the region's high school has increased markedly.

(D) A high school atmosphere could jeopardize the safety and self-confidence of elementary school students.

(E) Even before the region's high school population began to decrease, several high school class-rooms rarely needed to be used.

2. Peter: More than ever before in Risland, college graduates with science degrees are accepting permanent jobs in other fields. That just goes to show that scientists in Risland are not being paid enough.

Lila: No, it does not. These graduates are not working in science for the simple reason that there are not enough jobs in science in Risland to employ all of these graduates.

Which of the following, if true in Risland, would most undermine the reasoning in Peter's argument?

(A) The college graduates with science degrees who are not working in science are currently earning lower salaries than they would earn as scientists.

(B) Fewer college students than ever before are receiving degrees in science.

(D) A significant number of college graduates with science degrees worked at low-paying jobs while they were in college.

(E) Every year some recent college graduates with science degrees accept permanent jobs in nonscientific fields.

3.Counselor: Every year a popular newsmagazine pub-lishes a list of United States colleges, ranking them according to an overall numerical score that is a composite of ratings according to sev-eral criteria. However, the overall scores gen-erally should not be used by students as the basis for deciding to which colleges to apply.Which of the following, if true, most helps to justify the counselor's recommendation?

(A) The vast majority of people who purchase the magazine in which the list appears are not college-bound students.

(B) Colleges that are ranked highest in the magazine's list use this fact in advertisements aimed at attracting students.

(D) The significance that particular criteria have for any two students is likely to differ according to the students' differing needs.

(E) Some college students who are pleased with their schools considered the magazine's rankings before deciding which college to attend.

4. A thorough search of Edgar Allan Poe's correspon-dence has turned up not a single letter in which he mentions his reputed morphine addiction. On the basis of this evidence it is safe to say that Poe's reputation for having been a morphine addict is undeserved and that reports of his supposed addiction are untrue. Which of the following is assumed by the argumentabove?

(A) Reports claiming that Poe was addicted to mor-phine did not begin to circulate until after his death.

(B) None of the reports of Poe's supposed morphine addiction can be traced to individuals who actu-ally knew Poe.

(D) Poe would have been unable to carry on an extensive correspondence while under the influence of morphine.

(E) Fear of the consequences would not have pre-vented Poe from indicating in his correspon-dence that he was addicted to morphine.

5. Adelle: The government's program to reduce the unemployment rate in the province of Carthena by encouraging job creation has failed, since the rate there has not changed appreciably since the program began a year ago.

Fran: But the unemployment rate in Carthena had been rising for three years before the program began, so the program is helping.

Which of the following, if true, most strongly counters Fran's objection to Adelle's argument?

(A) The government is advised by expert economists, some of whom specialize in employment issues.

(B) The unemployment rate in the province of Carthena has historically been higher than that of the country as a whole.

(C) The current government was elected by a wide margin, because of its promises to reduce the unemployment rate in Carthena.

(D) Around the time the government program began, large numbers of unemployed Carthena residents began leaving the province to look for work elsewhere.

(E) The unemployment rate in Carthena had been relatively stable until shortly before the current government took office.

6. Soft Drink Manufacturer：Our new children's soft drink, RipeCal, is fortified with calcium. Since calcium is essential for developing healthy bones, drinking RipeCal regularly will help make children healthy. Consumer Advocate：But RipeCal also contains large amounts of sugar, and regularly consuming large amounts of sugar is unhealthful, especially for children. In responding to the soft drink manufacturer, the consumer advocate does which of the following?

(A)Challenges the manufacturer's claim about the nutritional value of calcium in children's diets

(B)Argues that the evidence cited by the manufac-turer, when properly considered, leads to a conclusion opposite to that reached by themanufacturer.

(C)Implies that the manufacturer of a product is typically unconcerned with the nutritional value of that product.

(D)Questions whether a substance that is healthful when eaten in moderation can be unhealthful when eaten in excessive amounts.

(E)Presents additional facts that call into question the conclusion drawn by the manufacturer.

7.Over a period of several months, researchers attached small lights to the backs of wetas—flightless insects native to New Zealand—enabling researchers for the first time to make comprehensive observations of the insects' nighttime activities.Thus, since wetas forage only at night, the researchers' observations will significantly improve knowledge of the normal foraging habits of wetas.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument depends?

(A) Researchers were interested only in observing the wetas' foraging habits and so did not keep track of other types of behavior.

(B) No pattern of behavior that is exhibited by wetas during the nighttime is also exhibited by wetas during the daytime.

(C)Attaching the small lights to the wetas' backs did not greatly alter the wetas' normal nighttime foraging habits.

(D)Wetas typically forage more frequently during the months in which the researchers studied them than they do at other times.

(E)The researchers did not use other observational techniques to supplement their method of using small lights to track the nighttime behavior of wetas.

8.People whose bodies cannot produce the substance cytochrome P450 are three times as likely to develop Parkinson's disease, a disease that affects the brain, as are people whose bodies do produce this substance. Since cytochrome P450 protects the brain from toxic chemicals, toxic chemicals probably play a role in the development of Parkinson's disease. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the argument?

(A)It will soon be possible for cytochrome P450 to be synthesized for the treatment of people whose bodies cannot produce this substance.

(B)Many people whose bodies are unable to produce cytochrome P450 lack the ability to produce certain other substances as well.

(C)Cytochrome P450 has no effect on the brain other than to protect it from toxic chemicals.

(D)People with Parkinson's disease often exhibit a marked lessening in the severity of their symp- toms when they are treated with dopamine, a chemical produced naturally in the brain.

(E)Many people with Parkinson's disease have the ability to produce cytochrome P450 naturally.

9.The early universe contained only the lightest elements, hydrogen and helium. Heavier elements, such as carbon, form only in nuclear reactions in stars and are dispersed when the stars explode. A recently discovered gas cloud contained carbon several billion years ago, when the universe wasno more than two billion years old.If the statements above are true, which of thefollowing must, on the basis of them, also be true?

(A)The earliest stars contained only hydrogen.

(B)Some stars were formed before the universe was two billion years old.

(C)The carbon in the gas cloud later formed part of some stars.

(D)No stars identified to date are as old as the gas cloud.

(E)The gas cloud also contained hydrogen andhelium.

10.Sleep deprivation is a known cause of workplace error, and many physicians frequently go without sleep for periods of 24 hours or more. However, few of these physicians have, in the course of a routine examination by a peer, been diagnosed with sleep deprivation.So there is little cause for concern that habitual sleep deprivation will cause widespread physician error. The answer to which of the following questions would be most helpful in evaluating the argument?

(A)Do physicians who have been diagnosed with sleep disorders also show signs of other ills not related to sleep deprivation?

(B)Is the ability to recognize the symptoms of sleep deprivation in others significantly impaired by habitual sleep deprivation?

(C)Do factors other than habitual sleep deprivation ever lead to errors in the workplace on the part of physicians?

(D)Of people who have recently been treated by physicians, what percentage believe that many physicians have occasionally suffered from sleep deprivation?

(E)Is the incidence of sleep deprivation higher among physicians than it is among other health care workers?

11.A list of the fifteen operas most frequently performed in recent times includes no works by the nineteenth- century German composer Richard Wagner. Although music producers tend to produce what audiences want, relative infrequency of performance probably does not indicate lack of popularity in Wagner's case, since Wagner's operas are notoriously expensive to perform on stage. Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the conclusion of the argument above?

(A)The list of most frequently performed operas does not include operas produced by small amateur groups.

(B)Some opera companies are backed by patrons who are willing to commit large sums of money in order to enjoy lavish productions.

(C)All of the fifteen most frequently performed operas of recent times are works that have been popular for at least 75 years.

(D)More recordings have been produced recently of the works of Wagner than of the works of any other composer of opera.

(E)Operatic works of all kinds have been increasing in popularity in recent years.

12.The bodies of dwarf individuals of mammalian species are generally smaller in relation to those of nondwarf individuals than are the teeth of the dwarf individuals in relation to those of the nondwarf indi- viduals. Fragmentary skeletal remains of an adult dwarf woolly mammoth were recently found. The teeth are three-fourths the size of the teeth of an average adult nondwarf woolly mammoth. The statements above, if true, most strongly support which of the following?

(A)The body of the dwarf woolly mammoth was less than three-fourths the size of the body of an average adult nondwarf woolly mammoth.

(B)None of the teeth of the dwarf woolly mammoth that were recently discovered was as large as any of the teeth of nondwarf woolly mammoths that have been discovered.

(C)The teeth of most adult dwarf individuals of mammalian species are three- fourths the size of the teeth of the adult nondwarf individuals of the same species.

(D)Dwarf woolly mammoths had the same number of teeth as did nondwarf woolly mammoths.

(E)Dwarf individuals of most mammalian species are generally no more than three-fourths the size of the adult nondwarf individuals of those species.

13.Excluding purchases by businesses, the average amount spent on a factory-new car has risen 30 per- cent in the last five years. In the average household budget, the proportion spent on car purchases has remained unchanged in that period. Therefore the average household budget must have increased by 30 percent over the last five years.Which of the following is an assumption on which the argument relies?

(A)The average number of factory-new cars pur-chased per household has remained unchanged over the last five years.

(B)The average amount spent per car by businesses buying factory-new cars has risen 30 percent in the last five years.

(C)The proportion of the average household budgetspent on all car-related expenses has remained unchanged over the last five years.

(D)The proportion of the average household budget spent on food and housing has remained unchanged over the last five years.

(E)The total amount spent nationwide on factory- new cars has increased by 30 percent over the last five years.

对于新GRE阅读题，考生们一定要积极调整心态认真备考，除了题海战术，还要总结新gre阅读题中的思路，找到解题的逻辑思路才是王道。

篇5：GRE阅读提升读文章速度先打好基础

GRE阅读提升读文章速度先打好基础积累阅读量是根本解决方法

根本解决办法是多读

从长远来看，解决阅读速度不快的根本办法是多读。阅读速读提高不上去很大程度上是因为考生还不习惯英语到自己语言的理解，需要一个切换理解的时间。比如看到一个词，要先想到这个词的意思，然后理解整句话。要解决这个问题显然就是需要熟练，不断地接触英语相关的资料，在不断地阅读中多理解，即使不是精读也要试图理解一片文章的大概和基本逻辑，经过联系使中间这个切换时间越来越短，最后达到完全不需要切换的语言感觉。短期来看，针对新GRE考试可以尝试多做笔记，用自己熟悉的符号记录或者标注各种语言的重要信息，这样做题时候回文定位会省事很多。

提高细节把握能力

GRE阅读速度提高了可能还存在一个问题，就是阅读的感觉不好，细节重点抓不住。不少同学做题时可以大概理解一片文章讲的是什么，但是对于一些细节，和关键问题还是理解模糊或者无法理解的问题。这种问题可能是由于同学们自己阅读一些长难句的困难，面对一些结构复杂的长句子无所适从，建议长难句方面有困难的同学可以参考一下专门针对性的长难句教材，比如杨鹏老师的长难句材料，各种语法点总结的很好，很有针对性。还有就是针对一些专业词汇做特殊的记忆，比如考生不常见的地质学、气象学和天文学等领域的词汇。

思路不适应要积累阅读量

对于思路上不太适应GRE逻辑思维的同学，平时可以多注意积累其他方面的阅读量，哪怕是中文文章的，尝试理解那些有一定逻辑难度的文章，这样可以跳过语言这一环，直接训练自己的思路。对于GRE阅读的考试，哪怕是整个GRE考试的备考来说，都会发现背景知识越丰富，得到的帮助会更多。

时间充分可以精读练习

对于备考时间比较充裕的考生可以尝试将阅读文章做完题之后精读，把每一个句子的意思都搞懂，都能翻译出来，不会的单词去查。这这个过程可以发现自己在语法和背景知识方面的漏洞，然后再去理解一篇文章的大意。

GRE阅读题目解析:蚂蚁用真菌创造菜园

Some attine ants carry vegetation into their nests and add fungal material, thereby creating “gardens” in which fungal food for the ants grow. Because the ants play the behaviorally active role, it seems compelling to say that they cultivate and control the passive fungi. But even if that is true, the symbiotic association has existed for so long that cultivar traits may have evolved in the fungi that benefit the fungi but not necessarily the ants. Furthermore, many microorganisms have developed sophisticated mechanisms to manipulate the physiology and behavior of their symbiotic animals. It is not implausible, therefore, that the ants’ fungi have evolved chemical and physiological schemes that alter ant behavior to serve the fungus’ reproductive interests, possibly even compromising the reproductive interests for the ant hosts.

1. The passage points out which of the following in order to explain the appeal of the notion that some attine ants cultivate and control fungus?

A. The ants play the behaviorally active roles in the symbiotic relationship.

B. The ants purposefully carry vegetation into their nests for their own consumption.

C. Fungus is physiologically a passive substance.

D. Other organisms are able to manipulate their symbiotic partners.

E. The chemical and physiological properties of the fungus are subject to ant influence.

2. In the context in which it appears, the word “manipulate” most nearly means

A. influence

B. oversee

C. coerce

D. deceive

E. outmaneuver

Some attine ants carry vegetation into their nests and add fungal material, thereby creating “gardens” in which fungal food for the ants grow.

一些 A 蚁把植物带回巢穴，再加入真菌材料，于是创造出一个生产真菌的 “ 菜园 ” 供养蚁群。

(attine ants 没查到比较准确的译法，也许可以译作 “ 真菌培育蚁 ”，也许指的就是 “ 切叶蚁 ”，待定。)

Because the ants play the behaviorally active role, it seems compelling to say that they cultivate and control the passive fungi.

因为蚁的是这一行为的主动方，说它们种植和控制被动的真菌似乎比较有说服力。

But even if that is true, the symbiotic association has existed for so long that cultivar traits may have evolved in the fungi that benefit the fungi but not necessarily the ants.

但即便这是真的，这种共生关系也存在了如此久，以至于被栽种的真菌可能已经进化出一些对自己有利，对蚁未必有利的遗传特征。

(cultivar 栽种品种

trait 遗传特征)

Furthermore, many microorganisms have developed sophisticated mechanisms to manipulate the physiology and behavior of their symbiotic animals.

此外，许多微生物都发展出复杂的机制，操纵与之共生的动物的生理机能和行为。

It is not implausible, therefore, that the ants’ fungi have evolved chemical and physiological schemes that alter ant behavior to serve the fungus’ reproductive interests, possibly even compromising the reproductive interests for the ant hosts.

因此，有可能蚁栽种的真菌，已经进化出化学和生理策略，改变蚁的行为，为真菌的生殖利益服务，甚至可能危害到了宿主蚁的生殖利益。

1. The passage points out which of the following in order to explain the appeal of the notion that some attine ants cultivate and control fungus?

A. The ants play the behaviorally active roles in the symbiotic relationship.

B. The ants purposefully carry vegetation into their nests for their own consumption.

C. Fungus is physiologically a passive substance.

D. Other organisms are able to manipulate their symbiotic partners.

E. The chemical and physiological properties of the fungus are subject to ant influence.

选 A

文章开始提出了一种现象，蚂蚁和蘑菇共生。

关于这一现象，有两种解释，一种是蚂蚁种蘑菇;一种是蘑菇控制蚂蚁。

题目问我们第一种解释的根据，定位句 2，Because the ants play the behaviorally active role，选 A 。

2. In the context in which it appears, the word “manipulate” most nearly means

A. influence

B. oversee

C. coerce

D. deceive

E. outmaneuver

选 A

influence 影响，支配

oversee 监督，监视

coerce 强制，逼迫

deceive 欺骗，误导

outmaneuver 以计谋、智力取胜(对手)

GRE阅读题目解析:英国文学传记

P45

The editors of the essay collection Romantic biography tell us repeatedly that biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature (late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries), yet we are never shown that process of invention motion. Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biographer, is almost invisible. The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented---or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel. It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture.

1. The passage mentions the “scandalous memoirs ” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order to

A. indicate an alternative account of the origins of biography

B. compare these memoirs to Romantic biography

C. explain how biography became ubiquitous in British culture

D question the ideological significance accorded to biography

E. suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs

2. According to the passage, biography attained great significance within British culture during the Romantic period because biographies

A. were associated with scandal

B. were easy to read and comprehend

C. were so widespread in Britain at the time

D. challenged conventional British ideologies

E. contributed to the development of the novel

P45

文集 R B 的编辑们一再告诉我们，传记是英国文学浪漫主义时期(十八世纪晚期和十九世纪早期)的独创，却从未向我们展示创造的过程。

(我推测 Romantic biography 是个 typo，应写作 Romantic Biography，是书名;如果 biography 小写无误，则 Romantic biography 指的是浪漫主义时期的传记，那么关于这一主题的文集，应该写为 essay collection(s) of / about / concerning (the) Romantic biographies。

翻译采取了第一种理解。)

Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biographer, is almost invisible.

H，作为浪漫主义时期最杰出的传记作家的代表，几乎无人知晓。

The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented -- or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel.

浪漫主义时期并非传记文体被创造的时期，—— 更确切地说，不是我们熟悉的那些原则被确立的时期，因为传记据称起源于 scandlous memoirs，后者是前浪漫主义时期小说文化的一部分。

(scandalous memoirs 意会吧，没查到权威或公认的译法)

It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture.

也正是在浪漫主义时期，传记作品通过普及式的传播，成为英国文化最重要的意识形态宣传工具。

(sheer 十足的，完全的

ubiquity 无所不在

object 直译，应取 “(受关注、欣赏等)的对象、客体 ”，或理解为 “ … 的目标 ” 。意译跳跃比较大。)

1. The passage mentions the ”scandalous memoirs ” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order to

A. indicate an alternative account of the origins of biography

B. compare these memoirs to Romantic biography

C. explain how biography became ubiquitous in British culture

D question the ideological significance accorded to biography

E. suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs

选 A

scandalous memoirs 出现在句 3：

文章前三句，一直围绕着 Romantic biography 的来源，句 1 出现的编辑们 editors 说，biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature，但作者认为他们一直拿不出证据，we are never shown that process of invention motion，可推测作者的态度。

综合句 3，给出了另一种说法，an alternative account 。

2. According to the passage, biography attained great significance within British culture during the Romantic period because biographies

A. were associated with scandal

B. were easy to read and comprehend

C. were so widespread in Britain at the time

D. challenged conventional British ideologies

E. contributed to the development of the novel

选 C

句 4 出现的 sheer ubiquty 对应 widespread 。

篇6：新GRE填空阅读考试题型细节解读

新GRE填空阅读考试题型细节解读出题形式请提前记牢

新GRE语文考试填空题型变化

从内容改革看，新GRE考试更加注重学生实际运用语言能力的考察。新GRE取消语文部分的类比和反义题，代之以阅读理解与生活场景题，减少了对单纯词汇意义的考察，但强调“高级认知能力”，更多地要求学生基于语境理解，强调推理和分析能力。考生不必再像以前那样死记硬背大量的生僻单词，但在填空方面加大了理解的难度，强调根据上下文理解词汇的含义。这给重记忆轻推理、重归纳轻演绎的中国学生增加了压力，也提醒考生应更为关注和适应研究生学院和商学院的思维方式。

传统GRE考试(一下简称老GRE)的填空题形式比较单一。即：一段话中设置1或2个空格，根据已有文字的提示完成空格。而新GRE考试的填空题出现了多样化的特点，同时难度有所上升。考试题型基本可以分为以下三种。

新GRE语文考试填空题型

1. 五选一

题干由1-2句话构成，中间设置一个空格，给出5个备选选项

2. 三选一

两空/三空三选一

题干由1-5句话构成，中间设置两个或三个空格，给出3个备选选项：

3. 句子平衡问题

句子平衡问题包含一个句子，一个空格，6个选项。要求考生在其中选出2个答案使得句子意思一致。只选出一个答案不得分。

新GRE语文考试阅读题出题方式

新GRE阅读大量模仿了GMAT逻辑题的出题方式。一言以蔽之：新GRE阅读 = 老GRE阅读 + GMAT逻辑。

新GRE阅读中在保留了老GRE长文和短文的基础上，还增加了只有一到四句话的超短文章，称之为微文。微文虽然微小，但极具逻辑。

新GRE语文考试阅读题题型

新GRE改革后语文部分做出了调整，而新GRE阅读理解题包含三种题型：

五选一( Multiple-choice Questions—Select One Answer Choice )

三选多( Multiple-choice Questions—Select One or More Answer Choices )

句子功能题( Select-in-Passage )

其中第一种“五选一”就是目前GRE阅读的题型。而第二种“三选多”(从三个选项中选出所有适合的答案，正确答案数不定，只选出部分正确答案者不得分)与第三种“句子功能”题(找到原文中与选项描述相一致的句子并点击该句子)都是阅读理解部分新增的题型。对于新GRE语文部分的内容考生不用慌张，主要还是对单词和阅读的把握。

新GRE语文考试阅读题考试形式

新GRE阅读中,目前已出现的两种情况：

(1)一个Section有4篇文章,均为短阅读,长度约为150~180字左右,每篇题目数量依次为3道,2道,2道,2道,总的题目数量为9道,此时逻辑题为1道.

(2)一个Section有3篇文章,1篇为长阅读,长度约为400~500字左右,题目数为4道,另附2篇短阅读,题目数依次为1道和3道,总共题目数为8道,此时逻辑题为2道.

个人观点：在每个Verbal Section中最多一篇长阅读,由于时间限制的原因,这在超时的OG和限时PP软件上的套题中均有所体现.在题型方面,相较于旧GRE传统的5选1题型,新G在5选1题型基础上,新增了句子选择题以及三项多选题.

总体而言,从文章的难度上,新GRE并没有改变旧GRE文章深奥、句子复杂等特点,同时在题型上注重对于文章具体句子和词汇的考察,也延续了对于文章中事物逻辑的考察,文章主题的把握.文章长度上的整体缩短,但是在题量上的增加,会导致阅读难度不断加大.

GRE填空500题词汇精选真题详解

题目

Within the culture as a whole, natural science has been so successful that the word “scientific” is used in (i)___ manner; it is often assumed that to call something “scientific” is to imply that its reliability has been (ii)___ by research whose results cannot reasonably be (iii)___ .

Blank (i) Blank (ii) Blank (iii)

A. an ironic D. maligned G. exaggerated

B. an literal E. challenged H. anticipated

C. an honorific F. established I. disputed

正确答案

CFI

题目解析

原句翻译：在整个文化中，自然科学如此深入人心，以至于 “ 科学的 ” 这个词的使用都自带光环;我们通常假设，被称为 “ 科学的 ” 事物，已经通过实验建立了相当的可信性，其结果合理，难以推翻。

词汇含义

看上去三空一大段，但结构非常简单，就是 so … that 引导的因果关系，三个空都指向 successful，选项中都找正评价就好。

ironic 反讽的，反语的，与期望完全相反的

literal 字母的，(修辞等)平实不夸张的，照字面的，完全遵照原文的

honorific 尊敬的

maligned 被污蔑的

anticipate 预料，预期，预见到(要发生的事或需要做的事)而采取措施，先于(某人)做某事

dispute 争论(某事物)，质疑(某事物)

reliability 【MWC】the extent to which an experiment, test, or measuring procedure yields the same results on repeated trials 科学的可重复性，句中译为可信性，因为越可重复实验获得相同或符合实验预期的结果，越具有 reliability 。

GRE填空500题词汇精选真题详解

题目

Given children’s active fantasy lives, one might think of truthfulness as a young child’s (i)___ virtue, it turns out that lying is the more (ii)___ skill. A child who is going to lie must recognize the truth intellectually, conceive of an alternate reality, and be able to convincingly sell that new reality to someone else. Therefore, lying (iii)___ both cognitive development and social skills that honesty simply does not require.

Blank (i) Blank (ii) Blank (iii)

A. an instinctive D. advanced G. undermines

B. an acquired E. practical H. forgoes

C. a conscious F. mundane I. demands

正确答案

BDI

题目解析

原句翻译：鉴于孩子们日常生活富于幻想，你也许会觉得诚实需要孩子们后天习得，结果撒谎才是更高级的技能。一个孩子要撒谎，首先要在理智上认清真相，再设想另一种现实，然后还得说服他人接受假想的情形。所以，撒谎同时需要认知发展和社交技能，诚实不需要。

词汇含义

第二句完整清晰，根据第二句，已经可以判断第三空。

undermine 侵蚀…的基础，暗中破坏，在…下面挖(出空间)

forgo 放弃(利益或好处)

补全了第三句，lying 和 honesty 的关系就清楚了，也就解决了第二空。

advanced 高度发达的，复杂的，超前的，进步的，晚期阶段的

practical 实践的，实际的，实用的，注重实效的

mundane 普通的，世俗的

第一空的判断，主要是根据 given 引导的因果关系。“鉴于孩子日常生活爱幻想(不真)，所以诚实(真)是需要后天学习的。”

instinctive 本能的，直觉的

acquired 后天获得的，后天习得的

concious 有意识的，情形的，察觉的，注意到的，自觉的，蓄意的

第一句的逻辑关系，让步嵌套因果。因果很好理解，因为有 given 作为指示词一目了然;让步关系并没有指示词，但如果仔细读第一句，的确可以理解为：(尽管)因为孩子爱幻想，你可能觉得诚实需要学，(但)实际上撒谎才是更高级的技能(即更需要学)。不过反正它也不影响选项判断。

GRE填空500题词汇精选真题详解

题目

The museum’s compelling new architectural exhibition looks at 11 projects around the world that have had major (i)___ impacts despite modest budgets. It is part of (ii)___ in the museum’s architecture and design department, which in the past has championed architecture's artistic value over its real-world consequences.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A. social D. an emphasis on theory

B. aesthetic E. a shift in philosophy

C. critical F. a rejection of pragmatism

正确答案

题目解析

原句翻译：博物馆新的建筑设计展相当吸引眼球，关注世界各地 11 座造价不高，却有着巨大社会影响力的建筑。这部分反映了博物馆建筑与设计部门基础理念的转变，过去相较于对真实世界的影响，他们更强调建筑物的艺术价值。

词汇含义

look at 此处作 consider

compelling 引人注意的，强迫的，有说服力的

philosophy 此处不作哲学解释，【MWC】the most basic beliefs, concepts, and attitudes of an individual or group 基本理念、观念

champion (做动词时)支持，维护

本题稍有难度，在于两句话不是完全对等的逻辑重复。

我们熟悉的模式是题目可以明显分成两部分，二者充分叙述的信息组合起来，可以完整地阐述一种逻辑，让我们根据这种逻辑去补全关键信息，比如

“ A 跟 B ___ ：他们昨天还因为加班问题吵了起来。”

根据后半段，我们推测空格应该填 “不合 / 有矛盾” 这样感觉的搭配。

本句的难点在于，第一句的比较是 ___ impacts 和 modest budgets，第二句的比较在于 artistic value 和 real-world concequences 。

有些同学可能贸然在第一空选了 aesthetic，第二空选了 rejection of pragmatism。

这种选法的错误在于它把后一句话变成了废话，“这部分表现了博物馆拒绝实用主义，他们以前就强调美学意义大于实际影响”。如果博物馆的态度从来没变，干嘛要特别用 in the past 呢?直接说他们一直这样就好了。

这种理解显然不如 AE 通顺，以前强调艺术价值，现在更强调建筑的社会影响。所以，第一空 social 对应后文的 real-world consequences，而非 artistic value，第二句更是没再提经济方面的考虑，modest budgets 只是疑兵。

GRE填空500题词汇精选真题详解

题目

The author of this travel guide (i)___ to show readers Cairo as it really is, but his information is not reliable. For instance, his geography is (ii)___ , with one walking tour covering areas of the city that are twenty miles apart.

Blank (i) Blank (ii)

A. designs D. erratic

B. forbears E. erudite

C.purports F. extensive

正确答案

题目解析

原句翻译：这本旅行指南的作者声称要向读者介绍真正的开罗，但书中有很多信息不实。比方说，地理上就不靠谱，相隔二十英里的不同景区竟然被归于同一个徒步行程中。

词汇含义

1 mile = 1609 meters

第一空比较难：

选 A 的同学认为作者本意是好的，但好心办坏事;

选 B 的同学认为作者克制、停止、阻碍(自己)办好事，所以写砸了;

但 A、B 显然不如 purport 准确：

purport 【MWC】to have the often specious appearance of being, intending, or claiming (something implied or inferred) 声称，假充(实际上不是，或做不到)

结合题意，作者声称他要给读者展示真正的开罗，但他实际上没做到。

erratic 飘忽不定的，无常的，不规则的，不可靠的

erudite 博学的

extensive 广大的，大量的，粗放的

新GRE填空阅读考试题型细节解读

篇7：GRE考试语文部分如何先做填空再做阅读

GRE考试语文部分如何先做填空再做阅读?合理运用返回功能调整解题顺序

GRE语文考试做题顺序

填空(开始的前5—6题，包括单空题、双空题、三空题)，跳过中间的长/短阅读，继续完成后面的4—5题一空六选二题目，接着做后面的4—5个阅读题，做到第20题后，点击”REVIEW“，跳回前面第7题左右开始的阅读题，完成剩余阅读题目。这样可以高效完成填空并集中精力进行阅读，时间分配是填空9—10分钟，阅读17—19分钟，最后留下1—2分钟检查。

GRE填空做题顺序

读题知大意(专有名词首字母代替，提取主干，略读修饰成分);找标志词signpost(从空格入手、联系句意);逻辑推理(无反则同;时间相反，一切相反);寻找答案(确切理解单词的多重含义)。

小站名师给出的建议是：大家在考前再把机经单词整理一下，整理的意思是找出自己不认识的着重记忆，平时也要把自己记不住的、意思容易弄混的、同义反义词归纳总结，这样你会很有成就感。

GRE阅读做题要诀

推荐GRE阅读考试的几个口诀：“几个论点，什么态度，长句抓主干，对比找反义，因果找双方，并列记位置，机制找末句”，要记住“题目>文章，位置>内容，首句>中间(however句、转折句、观点句读如首句)”。做题顺序是“读文章，读完题干，定位原文，排除干扰选项(3个)，比较候选选项(2个)，得出答案”。另外小站名师建议大家在平时训练时要加强这类方法，形成条件反射。

以上就是关于GRE语文VERBAL高效解题顺序的一些介绍和讲解，希望大家对于GRE考试的各类设置和规则，也能学会灵活运用，制定出最佳的解题顺序和考试策略，在GRE考试中取得优异成绩。

GRE分类词汇记忆：扔

3.12 扔、投、倒

cast v. 扔;铸造;n. 演员阵容;剧团

discard v. 扔掉，抛弃

pelt v. 扔;n. 毛皮

sling v. 扔，投掷;n. 吊腕带，吊索

bandy v. 来回抛球;轻率谈论

dart v. 投射;急驰;n. 飞镖

hurl v. 猛投;大声叫骂

plunge v. 投入;俯冲

projectile n. 抛射物，发射体