英语四六级考试翻译技巧之增译法（通用10篇）由网友“三月兔”投稿提供，下面小编为大家整理后的英语四六级考试翻译技巧之增译法，希望大家能够受用!
篇1：英语增译法翻译技巧
英语增译法翻译技巧分享
增译法：
指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语(论坛)句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。
如：
(1)What about calling him right away?
马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何? (增译主语和谓语)
(2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations.
要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句)
(3) Indeed, the reverse is true
实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词)
(4)就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。
Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增译物主代词)
(5)只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。
While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. (增译连词)
(6)这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。
This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.(增译介词)
(7)在人权领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。
In the field of human rights, China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak.(增译暗含词语)
(8)三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。
Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.(增译注释性词语)
翻译资格考试(catti)一级笔译材料
Clusterluck
集群之幸
Boston’s biotech hub is surviving the challenge from Silicon Valley
波士顿的生物技术中心正从硅谷的挑战中幸存下来
Distance is not dead. In biotechnology, as in other tech-based industries, the clustering of similar firms is more important than ever. Some American biotech startups are based in the San Francisco and Silicon Valley area, huddled with its many digital and IT startups. But the Boston metropolitan area – and in particular Cambridge, across the Charles river from central Boston – seems to be holding its own as the world’s pre-eminent biotech hub.
距离并未消亡。与其他以技术为基础的行业一样，在生物技术领域，同类公司的集群比以往任何时候都更为重要。一些美国生物技术创业公司把总部设在旧金山和硅谷地区，跟当地的众多数字及IT创业公司扎堆。然而，波士顿大都会区——特别是与波士顿市中心隔查尔斯河相望的剑桥市——俨然已能与之抗衡而成为世界上卓越的生物技术中心。
The San Francisco area’s pool of venture capital is beyond compare; and a biotech-industry body there, the California Life Sciences Association, argues that California is the number one state for biomedical employment. But in part that is simply a reflection of the state’s large population, which means its health-care business is necessarily big. The Massachusetts Biotechnology Council claims that its state employs more people in biotech research and development than any other.
旧金山地区的风险投资资源是别处无可比拟的。当地的生物技术行业团体“加利福尼亚生命科学协会”(California Life Sciences Association)认为，加利福尼亚是生物医学就业第一州。但这在某种程度上只是该州庞大人口数量的表现，人口众多意味着其医疗保健产业必然庞大。马萨诸塞州生物技术委员会(Massachusetts Biotechnology Council)声称，该州在生物技术研发领域的就业人数超过其他任何一个州。
A study published last December by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) found that although, per head, the Boston area had fallen well behind San Francisco and Silicon Valley in creating software and internet startups, it was more or less keeping pace in life sciences. The density of research institutions in Massachusetts means that it receives $351 per head in funding from the National Institutes of Health, well ahead of the Golden State’s $88. This density of research was a reason cited by General Electric, which has a big medical-technology division, in its announcement in Janurary that it will move its group headquarters to Boston.
去年12月，麻省理工学院公布的一项研究发现，波士顿地区虽然在人均创建软件和互联网创业公司的数量上远落后于旧金山与硅谷，但在生命科学领域不相上下。麻省密集的研究机构使它从美国国立卫生研究院(National Institutes of Health)获得人均351美元的资金，远超过“黄金之州”(加利福尼亚)的人均88美元。拥有庞大医疗技术部门的通用电气1月宣布将把集团总部迁往波士顿，它提到该地区研究机构的高密度是一大原因。
The history of the Boston area cluster can be traced to the late 1970s and early 1980s, when Biogen and Genzyme, two biotech drugmakers, were founded by scientists from nearby academic institutions. Other scientists, especially from MIT and Harvard, Cambridge’s two internationally renowned universities, followed suit and created innovative startups of their own.
波士顿地区产业集群的历史可以追溯到上世纪70年代末和80年代初。当时，周边学术机构的科学家建立了生物技术制药企业百健(Biogen)和健赞(Genzyme)。其他科学家纷纷效法，创建了自己的创新型创业公司，尤其是来自麻省理工和哈佛的科学家，这两所国际知名大学都位于剑桥市。
This encouraged global pharmaceutical giants, struggling with poor productivity in their existing research facilities, to set up labs in and around Cambridge. Novartis of Switzerland began work on its outpost in , followed by such names as AstraZeneca of Britain and Baxter of Illinois, which in spun out its Cambridge labs as Baxalta, a specialist in “orphan” diseases. In Janurary Baxalta agreed a $32 billion takeover by Shire, an Irish drugs giant.
这促使那些苦于现有研究设施生产力低下的全球制药巨头在剑桥及其周边建立实验室。瑞士诺华(Novartis)开始在此设点，紧接着是英国的阿斯利康(AstraZeneca)和美国伊利诺伊州的百特(Baxter)。，百特把它的剑桥实验室拆分出来，成立了专攻罕见病的Baxalta公司。今年1月，Baxalta同意被爱尔兰制药巨头Shire公司以320亿美元收购。
The cluster lacked a clear focal point until , when MIT, the main landowner around Kendall Square – an area about a mile in all directions from the Kendall/MIT subway station in Cambridge – decided to spruce it up. One report suggests the square currently hosts firms that have absorbed about $14 billion in venture-capital investments. Silicon Valley’s overall pool of capital may be deeper, but much of it flows to areas other than biotech. And the global drug giants with outposts in the Boston area provide an alternative source of finance, and of eventual buyers for startups.
这里的产业集群一直缺少一个明确的中心，直到，肯德尔广场(Kendall Square)的主要所有者麻省理工学院决定把这片以肯德尔/麻省理工地铁站为中心、半径约一英里的区域修葺一新。一份报告表明，目前在肯德尔广场设立的公司总共吸收了大约140亿美元的风险投资。硅谷的整体风投资源可能更为深厚，但大部分资金都流向了生物技术以外的领域。在波士顿地区设点的全球制药巨头提供了另一种资金来源，也为创业公司增加了潜在的最终买家。
Tom Andrew of Alexandria Real Estate, a property agent specialising in science buildings, notes that the Boston area’s universities, teaching hospitals and other institutions are a sink, as well as a source, of talent. Anyone who accepts a risky job at a startup can be sure that if things don’t work out there are lots of big employers nearby to fall back on.
专注于科学楼宇的房地产经纪公司“亚历山大房地产”(Alexandria Real Estate )的汤姆·安得鲁(Tom Andrew)表示，波士顿地区的大学、教学医院及其他机构既是人才之源，又是人才之库。在创业企业中承担有风险工作的所有人都可以放心，如果工作不顺利，附近会有许多大雇主可以转投。
The cluster’s promising young firms include four – Editas Medicine, CRISPR Therapeutics, Intellia and Bluebird Bio – that are working on “gene editing”, currently one of the hottest areas of biotech. WuXi NextCODE, another local startup, specialises in analysing genomes. Alnylam concentrates on drugs that interfere with RNA, the messenger molecule through which genes express themselves. Not satisfied with just editing, deciphering or blocking nature’s blueprints, Synlogic is seeking to create medicines through entirely artificial sequences of genes.
集群中有前途的新兴企业包括Editas医药公司(Editas Medicine)、CRISPR疗法公司(CRISPR Therapeutics)、Intellia和蓝鸟生物(Bluebird Bio)。这四家公司正致力于研究“基因剪辑”，这是当今生物技术中最热门的领域之一。另一家本地创业公司明码生物科技(WuXi NextCODE)专门从事基因组分析。奥尼兰姆公司(Alnylam)专注研究干扰RNA的药物，RNA是基因自我表达的信使分子。Synlogic公司不满足于只是剪辑、解码或者阻断基因组这一自然的蓝图，还试图通过合成完全人工的基因序列来开发药物。
Synlogic’s boss, Jose-Carlos Gutiérrez-Ramos, formerly of Pfizer, has worked around the world and praises the “density of intellectuals” in Boston and the opportunities that come from being able to make easy connections. With little travel time between appointments, it is easier to arrange meetings. Dan Budwick of Pure Communications, a public-relations firm which represents some of the area’s startups, says that “You can jump on a bike and see 30 companies in a mile. You can’t do that in San Francisco or Manhattan.”
Synlogic的老板、原辉瑞公司的何塞-卡洛斯·古铁雷斯-拉莫斯(Jose-Carlos Gutiérrez-Ramos)曾在世界各地工作过，他称赞波士顿“知识分子密集”，能够很容易地建立人脉关系并从中找到机会。由于约会之间花费在交通上的时间很短，安排会议比较容易。代表该地区一些创业企业的公关公司 “单纯沟通”(Pure Communications)的丹·布德威克(Dan Budwick)说：“你可以跳上一辆自行车，在一英里内见到30家公司。这在旧金山或曼哈顿就不行。”
Boston’s tech cluster has a different vibe from Silicon Valley’s in other ways too. Edward Farmer of WuXi NextCODE says Boston’s biotech crowd are a more formal bunch, who wear proper shirts – and tuck them in. They know which fork is for the salad because salad is not the only thing they eat. Beer is the recreational drug of choice, rather than cannabis.
在其他方面，波士顿的高科技集群也与硅谷的氛围不同。明码生物科技的爱德华·法默(Edward Farmer)表示，波士顿的生物科技从业者举止更规矩，他们穿合适的衬衫，还把下摆塞进裤子里。他们知道哪一个叉子是吃沙拉的，因为他们不只吃沙拉。首选的休闲毒品是啤酒而不是大麻。
The cranes sprouting across the skyline suggest more growth ahead. But demand is still running ahead of supply. In the Boston area rents for laboratory space rose by 7% last year to around $47 a square foot ($505 a square metre), compared with $37 in San Francisco. Already, some companies are having to seek space in districts like Alewife or Watertown, on the far side of Harvard’s campus.
穿越天际线不断涌现的起重机表明，未来将有更多发展。但目前依然是供不应求。在波士顿地区，实验室的租金去年上涨了7%，达到每平方英尺47美元(每平方米505美元)，相比之下，旧金山的租金为37美元。已有一些公司在哈佛校园另一边的埃尔维夫(Alewife)和沃特敦(Watertown)等区域寻找办公地点。
Though it is on a roll, the Boston biotech cluster must keep a nervous eye on its West Coast rival, especially if, in future, biotech ventures come to rely on software, wearable sensors and big-data analysis, areas in which Silicon Valley is strong. At least that is a problem it can try to address. The weather is not. The biggest annual jamboree for investors in biotech, organised by J.P. Morgan, a bank, opened in Janurary in its customary location of San Francisco. The temperature was a balmy 13? Celsius, to Boston’s shivering -1 ?.
尽管顺风顺水，波士顿的生物技术产业集群还是必须紧张地关注它在西海岸的竞争对手，尤其是假如生物技术企业今后要开始依赖软件、可穿戴传感器和大数据分析等硅谷强项的话。至少，这个问题是它可以试图解决的。但天气就不是了。生物科技投资者最大的年度盛会已于1月按惯例在旧金山举行，活动由摩根大通银行(J.P. Morgan)组织。当地气温13摄氏度，温暖宜人，而波士顿为零下1度，冷得让人直打寒颤。
英语翻译
篇2：常用十大翻译技巧之一：增译法
英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中，也可以运用于口译过程中，而且应该用得更加熟练，因为口译工作的特点决定了译员没有更多的时间进行思考。
1、增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。如：
（1）What about calling him right away?
马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何？ （增译主语和谓语）
（2）If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations.
要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊！（增译主句）
（3） Indeed, the reverse is true
实际情况恰好相反。（增译名词）
（4）就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。
Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.（增译物主代词）
（5）只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。
While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. （增译连词）
（6）这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。
This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.（增译介词）
（7）在人权领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。
In the field of human rights, China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak.（增译暗含词语）
（8）三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。
Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.（增译注释性词语）
篇3：中级笔译翻译技巧之增译法
名师指导：中级笔译翻译技巧之增译法
英汉两种语言在句法、词汇、修辞等方面均存在着很大的差异，因此在进行英汉互译时必然会遇到很多困难，需要有一定的翻译技巧作指导。常用的翻译技巧有增译法、省译法、转换法、拆句法、合并法、正译法、反译法、倒置法、包孕法、插入法、重组法和综合法等。这些技巧不但可以运用于笔译之中，也可以运用于口译过程中，而且应该用得更加熟练，因为口译工作的特点决定了译员没有更多的时间进行思考。
增译法：指根据英汉两种语言不同的思维方式、语言习惯和表达方式，在翻译时增添一些词、短句或句子，以便更准确地表达出原文所包含的意义。这种方式多半用在汉译英里。汉语无主句较多，而英语(论坛)句子一般都要有主语，所以在翻译汉语无主句的时候，除了少数可用英语无主句、被动语态或“There be…”结构来翻译以外，一般都要根据语境补出主语，使句子完整。英汉两种语言在名词、代词、连词、介词和冠词的使用方法上也存在很大差别。英语中代词使用频率较高，凡说到人的器官和归某人所有的或与某人有关的事物时，必须在前面加上物主代词。因此，在汉译英时需要增补物主代词，而在英译汉时又需要根据情况适当地删减。英语词与词、词组与词组以及句子与句子的逻辑关系一般用连词来表示，而汉语则往往通过上下文和语序来表示这种关系。因此，在汉译英时常常需要增补连词。英语句子离不开介词和冠词。另外，在汉译英时还要注意增补一些原文中暗含而没有明言的词语和一些概括性、注释性的词语，以确保译文意思的完整。总之，通过增译，一是保证译文语法结构的完整，二是保证译文意思的明确。如：
(1)What about calling him right away?
马上给他打个电话，你觉得如何? (增译主语和谓语)
(2)If only I could see the realization of the four modernizations.
要是我能看到四个现代化实现该有多好啊!(增译主句)
(3) Indeed, the reverse is true
实际情况恰好相反。(增译名词)
(4)就是法西斯国家本国的人民也被剥夺了人权。
Even the people in the fascist countries were stripped of their human rights.(增译物主代词)
(5)只许州官放火，不许百姓点灯。
While the magistrates were free to burn down house, the common people were forbidden to light lamps. (增译连词)
(6)这是我们两国人民的又一个共同点。
This is yet another common point between the people of our two countries.(增译介词)
(7)在人权领域，中国反对以大欺小、以强凌弱。
In the field of human rights, China opposes the practice of the big oppressing the small and the strong bullying the weak.(增译暗含词语)
(8)三个臭皮匠，合成一个诸葛亮。
Three cobblers with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.(增译注释性词语)
翻译资格考试笔译二级测试题：西游记
一日，悟空酒醉，在树下酣然入睡，忽然来了两个人，不由分说将悟空灵魂捆绑起来。他们连拉带扯将他带到一个城门口，只见城门上方有一牌匾，上书: “幽冥界”。悟空大惊失色问到：“幽冥界不是阎罗王住的地方吗?
你们为何带我来此?”One day, Wukong got drunk and fell asleep under a tree. Suddenly, two persons arrived and roped his soul without saying a word. They pulled and pushed him to a gate over which there was a tablet reading “You Ming Jie” literally meaning “The Underworld”. Wukong panicked and demanded: “Isn’t this where Death5 lives? Why bring me here?”
那两人说：“你阳寿已尽，所以我们来取你魂魄。”悟空大怒， 掏出金箍棒，将他们打死。悟空怒气未消，抡起金箍棒直打进城里。阎罗王听说有人打进城里赶紧过来看个明白。
They answered: “Your living days have run out so we are to fetch your soul. ” Wukong flew into a towering rage, took out his weapon, and killed them. Being still angry he waved the stick and broke into the underworld town. A山er hearing that someone has broken in, Death decided to find out what had happened.
悟空对着阎王喊道：“我乃花果 山水帘洞的孙悟空，已修得长生不老之术，你为何还派人勾我魂魄?”
Wukong roared at Death: “My name is Sun Wukong; I come from Water Curtain Cave, Hua Guo Shan; I have already acquired immortal magic; Why did you still send for my soul?”
阎王忙命人取来生死簿，找到悟空名字，只见上面写道：“孙悟空，石猴，寿命三百四十岁。” 悟空心中不服，一把抓起毛笔， 将自己和许多猴子的名字涂抹掉。然后他离开地府
Death hurriedly had the Book of Births and Deaths fetched, found his name and saw this — Sun Wukong, rock monkey, life of 340 years. Thinking this was wrong, Wukong grabbed a writing brush and crossed off the names of himself and many other monkeys and then le山.
悟空自从强取金箍棒，乱涂生死簿之后威名远扬。但龙王和阎王对他咬牙切齿，向玉帝奏报了悟空的罪行。Since Wukong extorted his gold band stick, and messed up the Book of Births and Deaths, he had made quite a name for himself. But Dragon King and Death hated him to guts and reported his criminalities to Yu Di .
玉帝开会商讨如何处置孙悟空， 大家意见各异，气氛热烈。此时， 太白金星启奏：“这石猴乃天地所生，有降龙伏虎的本事，捉其不易，不如召他入朝，安排官职， 以安其心。”玉帝首肯，并派太白金星完成此事。
Yu Di called a meeting to discuss how to handle Sun Wukong. Opinions varied and the discussion was heated. Then Tai Bai Jin Xing, a popular lovable old man in Chinese mythology, proposed: “This rock monkey is related to Heaven and quite powerful. It’s not easy to catch him. We might engage him and settle him down.” Yu Di approved and sent him to do it.
听闻玉帝欲授他官衔，悟空满心欢喜，随太白金星上了天庭。玉帝封他做“弼马温”负责管理神马。悟空兢兢业业，悉心照料马匹。半月之后，他获悉“弼马温” 乃下贱之位，怒从心起，弃岗而去，回到水帘洞。
Hearing that Yu Di would give him a title he was pleased and followed Tai Bai Jin Xing to the heavenly court. His rank was Bi Ma Wen, a position responsible for taking care of horses. Wukong worked heart and soul. Half a month later, a山er learning that his rank was low and not respected he became angry, deserted his post and returned to Water Curtain Cave.
悟空将遭遇讲与部下，部下皆为他不平。有人说：“大王本事与天齐，我看大王可做齐天大圣。从此悟空便自称“齐天大圣”又将写有“齐天大圣”的大旗立于洞前。悟空擅离天庭的消息不胫而走，玉帝派天兵天将来捉他， 哪吒变成三头六臂来打悟空，悟空照做，几番激战天兵败下阵来最后铩羽而归。
Wukong shared his misery with his followers and they felt sorry for him. Someone suggested: ”“King, you are invincible. I think you deserve to be Qi Tian Da Sheng, literally As Great as Heaven.” Wukong accepted and erected a name flag in front of the cave. The news of Wukong leaving heavenly court without permission spread out and Yu Di sent an army to bring him back. Ne Zha, a popular powerful young boy in Chinese mythology, turned himself into a monster with three heads and six arms to fight Wukong but Wukong did the same. A山er several rounds of battle the army was defeated and retreated.
玉帝召开紧急会议商讨此事。太白金星又说：“该妖猴自称齐天大圣，我们不妨给他个空衔，即可避免一战。”玉帝准奏，再一次将孙悟空召上天庭，赐他“齐天大圣”的头衔。
Yu Di called an emergency meeting to discuss this. Tai Bai Jin Xing said: “This damn monkey wants to be Qi Tian Da Sheng, we might as well give him that empty title to avoid a war.” Yu Di agreed and summoned Sun Wukong for the second time and created him Qi Tian Da Sheng.
20翻译资格考试笔译二级测试题：西游记
受封齐天大圣后悟空每日逍遥自在，如熊孩子般四处捣乱。众人不堪其扰，奏报玉帝：如此下去恐生恶果。玉帝便派他管理蟠桃园。
Since given the new title, Sun Wukong had great fun every day, monkeying about like a naughty boy. Everyone was annoyed and reported to Yu Di that serious consequences might occur if things went on like this. Therefore, Yu Di asked him to run Pan Tao Yuan, the flat-peach orchard.
蟠桃园隶属王母，其桃若千年才熟一次，凡人吃了可以成仙。悟空不再四处闲逛，时常带手下官员在桃园赏玩景色。一日，他看到白里透红的仙桃，心里痒痒， 把旁人支开，偷吃了个够。从此, 一发不可收拾。
The orchard belonged to the Queen, whose peaches took several thousand years to ripen and eating one of them could make ordinary people immortal. Wukong stopped rambling about to enjoy the beautiful scenery with his inferiors. One day, tempted by the peaches, pink and white, he turned away others and ate to his heart’s content secretly. Therea山er, he became addicted.
不久之后，王母要举办盛会便命七仙女去摘蟠桃。七仙女寻不到悟空，和看园人打个招呼便进去摘桃了，却发现罕有熟桃，因为熟果已被悟空偷吃。
Before long, the Queen wanted to throw a grand party so she ordered her seven daughters to pick peaches. They couldn’t find Sun Wukong so they went straight inside to pick peaches a山er greeting the caretaker but found most of the peaches green because Wukong had eaten the ripe ones.
好不容易看到一个又大又红的桃子，七仙女连忙伸手欲摘。不料，该桃子实乃睡梦中的悟空。被惊醒后，他大骂七仙女。她们连忙解释是奉王母之命前来摘桃为蟠桃会准备的。
When finally a red big peach was seen, they immediately reached for it. To their surprise, it was actually Sun Wukong having transformed himself into a peach to sleep on the branch. When woken up he cursed at the seven goddesses. They promptly explained that they were picking peaches by order of the Queen for a peach party.
悟空了解到蟠桃会是要宴请天庭众神，可他却未受邀请。悟空很不高兴，立刻使出定身法，把七仙女定住，自己飞往蟠桃会会场。悟空溜进会场，看到满桌美食美酒忍不住直流口水。只可惜有许多管事的在摆设宴席，他无法偷吃。他眼珠一转，想出一计。
Wukong learned that the party was to entertain the courtiers but he had not been invited. Wukong was so pissed off that he froze the seven ladies with magic and flew to the party venue. Wukong sneaked inside and seeing all the delicacies and fine wine he couldn’t help salivating. Unfortunately, many footmen and maids were arranging food and plates so he couldn’t enjoy them. But soon he came up with a trick.
悟空从身上拔下一撮毛，对着吹了口气，它们便变成瞌睡虫，爬到那些管事的脸上。他们一个个倒头入睡。悟空大模大样走进去，畅饮大吃。他出来的时候醉醺醺认错了方向，走到了太上老君的住处。
Wukong pulled a lock of hairs, blew at them and turned them into sleeping worms. These worms then climbed to the faces of those servants and maids. They fell asleep one a山er another. Wukong strode in and indulged himself in the sea of food and wine. When he le山 he was drunk and went in the wrong direction. Consequently he arrived at the lodge of Tai Shang Lao Jun.
悟空误打误撞进了炼丹房，看到五个葫芦，里面装满仙丹, 他一把抓起全倒入口中。不久，悟空酒醒，想起自己闯下大祸，心生怯意，便溜出去，逃回花果山。
Blundering into the workshop, he saw five gourds filled with elixir pills. Without thinking ， he grabbed the gourds and poured the content into his mouth. Soon later, Wukong sobered up. Recalling his crime he was so scared that he sneaked out and fled to Hua Guo Shan.
悟空的罪行很快败露。玉帝不肯宽恕，派天兵降他，经过一番苦战终将他擒获。鉴于悟空罪行严重，玉帝决定立即将他处死。
Wukong’s misbehavior was soon found out. Yu Di wouldn’t forgive him this time so he sent an army to catch him. A山er some fierce fights Wukong was captured. Considering his serious crime Yu Di decided to execute him at once.
年翻译资格考试笔译二级测试题：西游记
悟空被擒，玉帝判其死刑，令人削其头颅。不料，大刀折成两截他却毫发无损。太上老君说到： “ 不如用我的炼丹炉烧死他吧?”
A山er Monkey King was caught, Yu Di sentenced him to death and ordered him to be beheaded. To everyone’s surprise, the knife was halved but his head was intact. Tai Shang Lao Jun said: “Let me
burn him inside my elixir furnace. ”
悟空被丢进八卦炉。七七四十九天后，老君料定他已被烧为灰烬，开炉查看。哪知悟空跳了出来，踢翻八卦炉，舞动金箍棒想要逃走，却被团团包围。
Forty nine days later a山er Wukong was thrown into the furnace, assuming that he must have been burned to ashes, Lao Jun opened it to check. Unexpectedly, Wukong jumped out, kicked over the furnace and tried to escape, twirling his weapon, but he was soon heavily surrounded.
虽被包围，悟空却仍处上风。玉帝只好派人请如来。见到如来众人停手。悟空道：“你是何人，多管闲事!”Though surrounded Wukong was still winning. Yu Di had to send for The Buddha . When he arrived everyone stopped fighting. Wukong said:“Who are you?Mind your own business!”
如来面露微笑，自报家门，然后问到：“你又为何屡次挑衅?” 悟空傲慢地说：“我会七十二变，一个筋斗十万八千里，无人能胜我。俗话说胜者为王，玉帝咋不把宝座让给我?”
The Buddha smiled and introduced himself. Then he asked: “Why have you been so provocative?” “I know 72 transformations. I can fly 18,000 li with just one somersault. I am invincible. As the saying goes, the winner takes all, why doesn’t Yu Di give up his throne to me? ”, Wukong arrogantly said.
如来笑着说：“若你真牛咱便打个赌，你若能翻出我的手掌心， 我就让玉帝让位给你，否则你再莫来捣乱。”The Buddha laughed and said: “If you are really so good, let’s make a wager. If you can leave my palm I will ask Yu Di to give up his throne to you. If not, be good and stay away.”
悟空觉得好笑, “如来真是笨极了，我一个筋斗十万八千里，哪有翻不出他手掌心的道理?”于是他同意了。Wukong thought it was funny. “The Buddha is really really an idiot. I can fly 18000 li with one somersault. How can I not leave his palm.” so he accepted the wager.
如来伸出右手，悟空飞身上去然后腾云飞去。秒秒钟便已无影无踪。片刻之后，悟空看到五根柱子，料是到了天边，为了留下证据他便写下“齐天大圣到此一游”，然后得意洋洋地回去了。
The Buddha held out his right hand. Wukong jumped on and then flew on a cloud. Seconds later, he disappeared. A山er a while he saw five pillars which he guessed were supporting the sky at the end of the earth. To have some proof he wrote on one pillar these words: Qi Tian Da Sheng has been here. Then he returned to the Buddha gleefully.
他说：“我曾到天边，且留下了记号。”这下你得叫玉帝把宝座让给我吧?如来笑笑说：“你高兴的太早。你不曾离开。这三脚猫功夫也敢卖弄。看看我的手指头。”
He shouted: “I reached the end of the world and le山 some marks.” Now you must tell Yu Di to give me his throne. The Buddha smiled and said: “Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched. You have not le山 my palm. How dare you show off such foolproof tricks in front of me? Now look at my fingers.”
悟空看到如来右手中指上写着“齐天大圣到此一游”。他不敢相信，想再试一次。如来懒得理他，右手一翻变出一座五行山把悟空压在山下。为防止他逃出来，如来又帖了一张咒符在山 上，最后告诉他等他时机恰当时自然有人来放他出来。
Wukong saw that on his middle finger was written what he had written on the pillar. He couldn’t believe his eyes and wanted to try again. The Buddha ignored him, turned over his hand, conjured up a hand-shaped mountain and put it over the head of Wukong. To ensure that he couldn’t escape the Buddha put a written spell on the mountain. In the end he told Monkey King he would be released when the time was right.
光阴似箭，悟空被压山下已五百年。一天，如来佛在雷音寺中对众人说：“我有三藏大乘真经可救人于苦难，欲授给东方人，但他们须历经苦难到此来取。不知谁愿意去东方寻找一个佛心坚定之人?”
Five hundred years had flown by since Wukong got trapped under the mountain when one day in Lei Yin Temple the Buddha announced: “I have three Mahayana scriptures that can rescue people from misery and suffering. I want to teach them to the people living in the east but they must come to fetch them by going through ordeals. I need someone to find a determined and pious monk to do this. Any volunteer?”
观音请缨。如来予她五件宝物，需交给取经之人。分别是“锦澜袈裟”、“九环锡杖”和三个“箍”。
Guanyin volunteered. The Buddha handed her five treasures to be presented to the pilgrim she would find which were: a cassock made of gold and silk, a 9-ring walking stick, and three magic headbands.
袈裟和锡杖可做护身之用而这三个紧箍可助他收服三位神通广大的妖魔为徒,只要他默念紧箍咒戴箍之人便头痛难忍，俯首听命。
The cassock and stick could protect the pilgrim and the three bands could help him tame three powerful monsters and demons as his followers; as long as he murmurs the tightening spell the band wearer will have a killing headache so he would be obedient.
观音收好宝物，携弟子前往东方。途经流沙河时遇到一位赤发墨颜的怪物。该妖怪本是天庭的卷帘大将 ，因为打碎一件宝杯而被放逐。
Guanyin packed the treasures and le山 for the east with an assistant. When they passed Liu Sha He, literally meaning Quicksand River, they met a monster with red hair and an inky face who used to be a guardian in heavenly palace. He was banished for breaking a precious cup.
该妖怪见到观音便哀求她帮自己摆脱苦境。观音叫他皈依佛门，取法名“沙悟净”，告诉他：“不日将有一唐朝和尚从此路过去西天取经，你护送他去西天，功成之后你便可官复原职。”观音继续东行，遇到一个猪头妖怪。该妖怪原是天庭的天蓬元帅，因酒后失德被贬下凡间，投胎失误便成了如此模样。妖怪求菩萨救他， 观音也让他皈依佛门，赐法名“猪悟能”，命他随唐僧取经， 将功赎罪。
On seeing Guanyin he begged her to help him out of his misery. Guanyin asked him to convert to Buddhism and gave him a religious name Sha Wujing. Then she said: “A few days later a monk from Tang Empire will arrive. Accompany him to his destination and your position will be restored.” Guanyin continued traveling eastwards when she encountered a pig-headed monster who used to be a marshal in heavenly palace and was expelled for his drunken misbehavior. Something went wrong with the reincarnation and there he was. He pleaded with Guanyin for help. Guanyin converted him to Buddhism and gave him a religious name Zhu Wu’neng. Then she asked him to escort Tang Monk on the pilgrimage as redemption.
观音继续东行，见一小龙呻吟。原来是西海龙王的儿子因意外烧毁了玉帝赏赐的明珠而被吊挂起来。小龙看到观音连忙求救。观音请求玉帝赦免了小龙但是让他变成白马做唐僧的坐骑。终于，观音来到了五行山下。悟空连忙求救。菩萨说到：“我正要去大唐寻找取经之人，那人路过此处时你拜他为师，求他放你出来护送他到西天取经。”Guanyin continued to travel eastwards until she saw a groaning young dragon who was the son of West Sea Dragon King. He was hung there because he had accidentally burned a precious pearl rewarded by Yu Di. When he saw Guanyin he implored for help. Guanyin asked Yu Di to pardon him but also asked him to be Tang Monk’s horse. At last, Guanyin reached Mount Hand. Monkey King begged for help but Guanyin replied: “I am going to look for a Tang Monk to fetch scriptures from the Buddha. When he passes here you can ask him to be your master and to release you so that you can protect him on the pilgrimage.”
篇4：翻译中增译法的运用
翻译中增译法的运用
有时为了忠实,通顺的表达原作的含义,翻译时必须增加一些必不可少的.词,笔者从三个方面阐述的增译法的运用.
作 者：刘龙幸 作者单位：新疆塔里木大学文理学院,新疆,阿拉尔,843300 刊 名：黑龙江科技信息 英文刊名：HELONGJIANG SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY INFORMATION 年，卷(期)： “”(12) 分类号：H0 关键词：翻译 增译法 运用篇5：英语四六级考试改错之应试技巧
英语四六级考试改错之应试技巧分享
一、常考典型错误
1、一致性方面的错误
1)主谓一致
主谓不一致错误是CET-6综合改错题内容之一，主要表现为主语名词与谓语动词间隔较长，首尾不能相接，造成视觉上的混淆，?
例：The president of the company, together with the workers, are planning a conference for the purpose of solving financial problems.
句中主语的主词为单数名词“president”，介词短语“together with the workers”与主语无关，是插入成分，故谓语动词应用单数is。
2)名词单复数
有时名词可以不用复数，但是在特定的句子中由于前面有明确的量词修饰，如many, several, a number of, a variety of等等，就要变成复数形式。?
例：Computer, as we all know, has many possible use in different fields.
句中名词use前的修饰语many是用来修饰复数名词的，所以use应改为uses。
3)代词与先行词一致
代词的主要功能是指代已出现的名词、词组或一个意群，因此代词的出现必须有所指，而且形、数等必须与前面所代的部份相符。这是代词改错的核心。
例：A knowledge of several languages is essential to other majors' study because without them one can read books only in translation.
本句中without them指的是没有几门语言的知识。them错指a knowledge of several languages，因为其中knowledge是中心词，所以要把them改为it。
2、时态、语态、虚拟语气
1)时态错误
在一篇结构完整、语义连续的短文中，时态的使用也应该连贯一致，但是英语表示时间时，主句和从句时态可能不一致，却仍表明完整正确的意思。这就要求考生对英语敏感，准确判断句中动作的时态。
例：He can't remember what he once knows.
主句用的是一般现在时，宾语从句中有once(从前)作为明显的时间状语，因而从句中动词应用过去时knew。
2)语态错误
在CET-6综合改错题中最常见的语态错误是被动语态被误用为主动语态。因为汉语表达习惯上有时不加“被”字也能表示被动，因而考生对被动语态不敏感。另外，不及物动词不能携带宾语，因而也就没有被动语态。
例：She was very angry at not telling the truth when she listened to the account.句意：当她听这个叙述的时候，她很生气没有被告知真相。这里“她”是被告诉的'对象，因而telling应改为being told。
3)虚拟语气错误
虚拟语气的使用错误在综合改错题中主要表现为主句和从句的语气不协调。
例：We strongly suggest that Henry is told about his physical condition as soon as possible.
句中动词suggest之后的从句应用虚拟语气，故is应改为be或should be。类似的动词还有demand, insist, order，等等。
3、连接词、并列句、从属句
这类错误常常不易被发现，因为它不属于句子内部的语言知识，而是句子与句子之间的串联的关系。要想把这类错误纠正出来，需要考生对文章有总体的理解，头脑中有个大的框架。一般改错中的连接词错误都会使句子的逻辑关系发生改变，或造成句子的语义逻辑混乱。
例：Science is the production of new knowledge that can be applied or not, since technology is the application of knowledge to the production of some products, machinery or the like.
句中连词“since”用错了，逗号前后的两个句子从句意上是对照关系，但是since使之变成了因果关系，整个句子变得模糊不清，
应把“since”改成“while”或“whereas”。
4、形容词、副词比较级、最高级
这类错误主要考较不常见的形容词、副词的比较级形式。一般来讲，考生不难掌握。
例：Microwave ovens are generally more costlier than common ovens.此句costly是形容词，意思是“昂贵的”。它的比较级形式是more costly。costlier是错误的形式，须改成costly。
5、平行结构
平行结构错误主要指在连接词and前后语法结构不对等、不平行。?
例：Computer analyzed marketing reports can help deciding which products to emphasize now, which to develop for the future, and which to be dropped.
本句中三个平行成份which products to emphasize now, which to develop和which to be dropped结构模式应该一致，均采用不定式主动语态，因而to be dropped应改为to drop。
6、非谓语动词
非谓语动词是令人头疼的改错类型，它包括不定式、分词、动名词。六级改错中主要出现的是非谓语动词与主要谓语动词之间的混淆。
例：The idea that learn a foreign language is hard work is realized by every student.分析句子结构可知：the idea是主语;is realized是谓语部分;that引导同位语从句。从句中learn a foreign language是主语，而learn是动词形式，应改为动名词“learning”。
7、固定搭配
固定搭配主要包括动词、形容词、名词同介词的搭配以及其它许多惯用法等。解答这类题的关键在于考生掌握大量的短语及固定搭配。
例：It also takes rise to a blurring of the distinction between science and technology.
句中“takes rise to”是错误搭配，应把“takes”改为gives。“give rise to”是固定表达，有“引起、导致”的意思。考生需要平时积累动介词、动副词等词组以及诸多习惯用语。
8、词性错误
词性误用句中，错误主要表现在形容词、名词、副词上。做这类改错题，首先要判断词性及词在句中的位置，然后根据它们在句中所处的位置来确定词性是否正确。一般说来，形容词修饰名词，副词修饰动词，副词修饰形容词。
例：We are not necessary capable of doing such an exacting job.
句中形容词necessary用于修饰形容词capable,属于词性误用，应改为副词形式necessarily。9、易混淆的词
英语词汇中有很多词在拼写上、语义上很相似，如assure/ensure, rise/arise/raise, effect/affect,但是它们的用法却迥然不同。这些易混淆的词构成六级改错的一个重要错误类型。
例：His persistence was awarded when the car finally started. 句中“award”是“颁发，授予(奖赏)”之义，而文中想要表达的意思是“汽车终于启动了，那就是对他坚持不懈精神的回报。”应把award改成reward。
二、解题思路与技巧
从上面的错误类型分析可知，做改错题一定要具有一双“慧眼”。重要的不是自己会运用一个语法点或知识点，而是能够识别出错误的用法，以审查的眼光去面对每一个改错题。这就需要掌握必要的答题步骤和技巧。
答题步骤：
1)一般来说，做题时千万不要拿起来就改。先花一、两分钟从头到尾通读全文，对文章大致内容有所了解，做到心中有数。
2)然后把重点放在有错误项的标有题号行，寻找较容易辩认的语法错误，如主谓不一致、时态、语态使用错误、非谓语动词错误等等。
3)如果错行中不存在上述明显错误，则应查看是否有词语搭配错误，易混词错误、词性错误等等细节错误。
4)如果错行中既不存在语法错误，也不存在词汇错误，则从整体上查看上下文意思是否连贯，连接词是否使用正确，是否有逻辑混乱的现象，如否定句误用成肯定句造成句意不通等。注意：有时没有错项的行对改错很有帮助。
5)找到错误项之后，按要求形式进行改正、删去或增添，并设法找到一个正确项使句子在语法、语义和逻辑上都成立。
篇6：常用十大翻译技巧之二：省译法
2. 省译法：这是与增译法相对应的一种翻译方法，即删去不符合目标语思维习惯、语言习惯和表达方式的词，以避免译文累赘。增译法的例句反之即可。又如：
（1）You will be staying in this hotel during your visit in Beijing.
你在北京访问期间就住在这家饭店里。（省译物主代词）
（2）I hope you will enjoy your stay here.
希望您在这儿过得愉快。（省译物主代词）
（3）中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。
The Chinese government has always attached great importance to environmental protection. (省译名词)
篇7：大学英语四六级考试技巧
大学英语四六级考试技巧
大学英语四六级考试技巧【1】
1作文
考试时间有限，应该把有限的时间投入到最值得的题目中。首先应该动手写作文了，把课上老师讲的和网络上铺天盖地的作文模板这里一份自己的模板，不但有漂亮的句型结构还要有起承转合的逻辑关系。写作文的时候要注意减少错点提升亮点，
阅卷老师与其说是在看作文不如说实在做英语的改错。同学们容易犯的错误有：时态、语态、主谓一致、单词的具体用法及违背英语的构句原则(一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词)，这些错误一旦存在扣分是必须的。提升亮点，用词要灵活多变(important可以替换成essential、vital、crucial、significant、indispensable等)，短语要优于单词，句式结构要多变长句短句交替出现，There be句型，强调句，倒装句等正确的使用都是得分标志性句型。
2听力
听力的提升是离不开每天的精听练习的，但在这里我们主要说一下应对的技巧。考试时做到“动态答题、视听一致”这八个字，不能保你周全但可以助你及格(150分)。预览选项，了解有哪些单词会出现，待音频开始播放仔细听有哪些单词出现了直接在卷面上做标记，
标完第一题直接进入第二题以此类推(这叫跟着音频做笔记)，等到音频全部播放完了看一下哪个选项中的单词浮现率高就选哪个。这是死马当活马医的全力以赴，但是有前提条件，就是该听到的单词都能听到不能漏掉。听力拿到一个好一点的分数是考试顺利过关的'必要保障。
3深度阅读
阅读解题要三步：定位=>精读定位内容=>判断正确选项。定位要靠题干中的关键词，精度定位内容要靠语法和词汇的基础，判断正确选项是依据定位内容决定的。三步之间环环相扣相辅相成，临近考试了还是一样要保持好做题的状态，考场上运用起来才能得心应手。
每篇文章做题的时间为13分钟，现在要有意识地提升做题速度，以确保考试时间够用。
4段落信息匹配
答题时间也是13分钟左右，但是内容的字数却趋近1000字左右，同样的时间内容增多说明这样的题不是要全读的。做题步骤是：
(1)读文章标题(了解文章主旨)(2)然后通读题干找出关键词(3)从简单的题目入手解题(含有现眼关键词的题目和关键词出现频次低的题目都是简单题目)(4)确定出一个选项，并且该选项不可能被再次命题的情况下在卷面上划掉它，减少做题时视觉上的障碍达到节省时间的目的。
5汉译英
翻译评分标准：本题满分为15分，成绩分为六个档次：13-15分、10-12分、7-9分、4-6分、1-3分和0分。
13-15分译文准确表达了原文的意思。用词贴切，行文流畅，基本上无语言错误，仅有个别小错。
10-12分译文基本上表达了原文的意思。文字通顺、连贯，无重大语言错误。
7-9分译文勉强表达了原文的意思。用词欠准确，语言错误相当多，其中有些是严重语言错误。
4-6分译文仅表达了一小部分原文的意思。用词不准确，有相当多的严重语言错误。
1-3分译文支离破碎。除个别词语或句子，绝大部分文字没有表达原文意思。
0分未作答，或只有几个孤立的词，或译文与原文毫不相关。关键：踩点得分
6选词填空
最后做能做多少算多少，是一个检测你真才实学的题目。做题步骤是：
(1)将A至O十五单词标出词性和词义(需要单词基础);(2)判断第一个空处所缺词性(需要语法基础);(3)集合文章的意思在相应的词性中进行选择;(4)确定一个答案后划掉。
大学英语四六级答题技巧【2】
①相关保留选择：当两个选项含有相同的词时，再看其他选项，若其他选项与那两个相同词其中一个相关，则可排除。
②异项保留原则：当选项中出现有意思明显相反的两项时，那么正确答案必定在这两张内，如果出现双重异项，则可选出答案。
③女士保留原则：当对话中出现女士的建议和要求时，我们一定要注意，这时女士说出来的话很有可能就是答案，因为在英语考试中，女士一般以女神的形象出面，一般为正确选项。
④概括、抽象保留原则：当选项中出现比较概括，抽象的句子时，这时我们就要把表述事实的具体的句子划掉，而选择表概括，抽象，比较性的句子!此选择可衍生出一个包含取大的原则。
⑤态度、虚拟保留原则：这两种方法一般无单独命题的规律性，只是当做上述的四种方法辅助，当剩下两个选项时，通常正态度的选项容易是正确答案。
专项练习
泛听：找一些历年的真题听力，带上耳机，多听。也可以多听一些英文歌或者看一些美剧，这有利于培养英语的耳感。
精听：找一些两三分钟的听力材料，然后先泛听一两遍，然后进行第三遍的时候，边听边写下所听到的内容。精听需要耐心，所以想进步还得下苦功夫哟!
篇8：英语四六级考试技巧详解
考前：
1、词汇。背一下熟悉一下高中词汇，对于四级听力，高中词汇就足够了。熟悉高频词汇，便于你做阅读理解，然后做最近的几套四级真题，第一套用来熟悉题型及时间安排，后几套规定时间做，做后反思时间的最佳安排。比如首先的题为快速阅读，一般有用准确的方法为先读题勾关键再快速阅读课文勾关键得答案。
2、阅读、完型、听力准备。把单词放在句子中来记。
3、翻译。平时注意一些常用表达。现在的翻译是整段翻译，更注重这种积累。虽然新版的翻译有所改变，但是原理还是一样的。
应试技巧：
1、快速阅读
首先的题为快速阅读，一般有用准确的方法为先读题勾关键再快速阅读课文勾关键得答案。
2、听力
接着是听力，先利用播音员读题的三分多钟看完题并快速勾出选择题关键再听得出答案。(切记听不懂也不要慌而狠心不听了，听不懂，就需要装懂，(稳重些，不要受到旁边人的影响，因为他们也没有听懂!!)选择你开始听到句子的反义的句子一般是对的，你还可以根据问题猜想对话的情景，猜想出题人怎样设置的“陷阱”比如：4:40，你听到的是four past forty但是答案却是twenty to five。
3、听短文
对于听短文，在播音员读题的时间看一下文章，读第一遍时先不答题，集中精力记住空应填的单词，读第二遍时再书写单词。对于听力写句子，一般是听第一遍时就填上你听到的，由于你去写第一个句子了，那第二个句子就放弃吧，然后直接写你听到的第三个句子(记住，即使你没有听完整，听到多少你就写多少，都有分的)。听力完后后迅速进入阅读理解，别再去想句子!没时间!后面的题做法和你高考一个样!只是速度快点!快刀斩乱麻!不然做不完。速战速决!
4、阅读理解
对于阅读理解，方法就是：读题勾出关键→读文章勾题目提及的内容→再回到题目找你在文中对应勾画的关键→选择答案→搞定!
5、完型填空
对于完型填空，很简单的，争取在十分钟之内。文章一般读两遍，第一遍填上符合逻辑的，(语法题只有一个左右，不必纠缠语法，ok!)第二遍再补上剩下的空。对于翻译，你按照你平时的翻译来了，尽量做，一般做了就有分!不要因为你翻译不完整之类的原因就直接放弃!新版的已经取消，所以这里就没必要担心了，但我还是写出来。
6、写作
对于写作，比较重要的就是考前的抱佛脚了，这时候应该记一些句子，这些句子很好的，也就是优美的句型，这些句型你在多种话题中都能够套用就好，对于高手而言，写作布局现于这种方法，可以去看看更高级的比如托福雅思等的写作，提升写作的欧美风思维，这样更容易的高分
篇9：常用十大翻译技巧之五：正译法和反译法
5.正译法和反译法：这两种方法通常用于汉译英，偶尔也用于英译汉。所谓正译，是指把句子按照与汉语相同的语序或表达方式译成英语。所谓反译则是指把句子按照与汉语相反的语序或表达方式译成英语。正译与反译常常具有同义的效果，但反译往往更符合英语的思维方式和表达习惯。因此比较地道。如：
（1） 在美国，人人都能买到枪。
In the United States, everyone can buy a gun. (正译)
In the United States, guns are available to everyone. (反译)
（2） 你可以从因特网上获得这一信息。
You can obtain this information on the Internet. （正译）
This information is accessible/available on the Internet. （反译）
（3） 他突然想到了一个新主意。
Suddenly he had a new idea. (正译)
He suddenly thought out a new idea. (正译)
A new idea suddenly occurred to/struck him. （反译）
（4） 他仍然没有弄懂我的意思。
He still could not understand me. (正译)
Still he failed to understand me. (反译)
（5） 无论如何，她算不上一位思维敏捷的学生。
She can hardly be rated as a bright student. (正译)
She is anything but a bright student. (反译)
（6） Please withhold the document for the time being.
请暂时扣下这份文件。（正译）
请暂时不要发这份文件。（反译）
篇10：考研英语：增词译法让翻译更通达
考研英语：增词译法让翻译更通达
增词法就是在翻译时按意义上和句法上的需要增加一些词来更忠实、更通顺地表达原文的思想内容。英汉两种语言，由于表达方式不尽相同，有些词在英语中省略而不会影响全句意思的完整表达，但是翻译成汉语后就可能出现意思不够明确或者句子不够通顺的现象，此时就需要使用增词法这种翻译技巧。例如增加原文中省略的部分，增动词，增名词，增加表示时态的词等等，本文将通过翻译真题来具体分析什么情况下使用增词法，以及如何使用增词法是翻译更加通顺。
（1）增省略
英语中多省略，中文喜欢重复，所以在两种语言在转换时要汉语中要补充出英语中省略的内容。
比如，03年第四篇阅读第一句话It is said that in England death is pressing， in Canada inevitable and in California optional. 这句话中，in Canada 与inevitable， in California 与optional 之间，省略了主语death， 翻译是，必须补充出来。“据说，在英国死亡很紧迫，在加拿大死亡不可避免，在加利福尼亚死亡可以选择。”
又比如，
How well the predictions will be validated by later performance// depends upon the amount， reliability， and appropriateness of the information used// and on the skill and wisdom// with which it is interpreted.（95年，72题）
句子结构是 How well……引导的被动结构是主语从句，How well是主语从句中的状语前置，depends是句子谓语，depends后面两个介词短语作并列宾语upon……and on……， the information used是名词+定语，with which it is interpreted定语从句，先行词是the skill and wisdom，代词it指代the information
这些测试在多大程度上为后来的表现所证实，这取决于所采用信息的数量、可靠性和适应性，还取决于解释这些信息的技能和才智。
本句主干的谓语部分是动词短语depend upon…。and on…。所带的两个并列的宾语部分，and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted. 是谓语动词部分第二个并列的宾语，因为是与前面的depend upon相并列的，所以在翻译时，可以加上动词depend，翻译为“取决于…还取决于…。”
（2）增时态词
英语动词的时态是靠动词词形变化（如write，wrote）或加助动词（will write，have written）来表达的，汉语没有词形的`变化，表达时态时要靠增加汉语特有的时态助词或一些表示时间的词。如：翻译完成时往往用“曾”“已经”“过”“了”，翻译进行时往往用“在”“正在”“着”翻译将来时往往用“将”“就”“就要”“会”“便”，除此之外，为了强调时间概念或强调时间上的对比，还需要加入其他的词。
Children will play with dolls equipped with personality chips， //computers with in-built personalities will be regarded as workmates rather than tools， //relaxation will be in front of smell- television，// and digital age will have arrived.（01年，72题）
主干结构是几个并列的简单句：Children will play with dolls……， computers……will be regarded as……， relaxation will be in front of……， and digital age will have arrived.
dolls带有过去分词短语equipped with personality chips做定语，computers的后置定语是介词短语with in-built personalities，personalities等于personality chips，宾语workmates rather than tools是并列结构，表示选择。
译文：儿童将与装有个性芯片的玩具娃娃玩耍，具有个性内置的计算机将被视为工作伙伴而不是工具，人们将在气味电视机前休闲，届时数字化时代就来到了。
本句出现了几个表示将来时态的词will，及表示将来完成时态的will have done，为了表现这几个时态，就可以用增加时态词的翻译技巧，在汉语译文中增加“将，将要，届时，到时”，将来完成时态可以增加“就要，届时”等词来翻译。
（3）增动词
根据上下文的具体意思，在翻译时经常需要在某些名词及动词之前或之后增加动词，才能使译文的意思明确完整，读起来也通顺自然，符合汉语习惯。
（4）增名词
某些由动词或形容词派生而来的抽象名词，翻译时可根据上下文在其后面增添适当的名词来具体解释，从而使译文更合乎规范，以92年71题为例
There is more agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than there is on how to interpret or classify them.
全句属于there be +N. 结构，全句还包含了一个more…than 的比较结构，前后结构对称，都是接了一个句子。agreement 后面跟了on the kinds of behavior 做其后置定语，behavior 后面又跟了过去分词referred to by the term作其后置定语；而than there is 后面又省略了一个相同的词汇agreement. 所以全句理解为：There（there be结构的翻译-增加泛指主语） is more（比较结构） agreement on the kinds of behavior referred to by the term than（比较结构） there is 省略（agreement）on how to interpret or classify them（指代关系）。
译文：人们对（智力）这个词所指的各种行为的看法一致，而如何对其进行解释或分类，人们的看法则不尽相同。
Agreement 是“一致”的意思，但是根据增词法，可以增加“意见，看法”这样表示概念范畴的名词，所以翻译为“一致意见，一致看法”最好。
增词法的使用能够更好的使译文准确、通顺、完整。希望同学们能掌握这种翻译的方法。
★ 翻译考试
★ 六级考试作文
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