虚拟语气英语语法知识点（集锦8篇）由网友“葭月十七”投稿提供，下面小编给大家带来虚拟语气英语语法知识点，希望能帮助到大家!
篇1：虚拟语气英语语法知识点
1) 概念
虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。
2) 在条件句中的应用
条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。
16.1 真实条件句
真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中 if 是如果的意思。
时态关系
句型： 条件从句 主句
一般现在时 shall/will + 动词原形
If he comes, he will bring his violin.
典型例题
The volleyball match will be put off if it ___.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained
答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。
注意：
1) 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will.
(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.
(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.
2) 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。
16.2 非真实条件句
1)时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。
a. 同现在事实相反的假设。
句型 ： 条件从句 主句
一般过去时 should( would) +动词原形
If they were here, they would help you.
b. 表示于过去事实相反的假设。
句型： 条件从句主句
过去完成时 should(would) have+ 过去分词
If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.
The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful.
If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going.
If he had come yesterday, I should / would have told him about it.
含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it.
If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.
含义： He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress.
c. 表示对将来的假想
句型： 条件从句 主句
一般过去时should+ 动词原形
were+ 不定式 would + 动词原形
should+ 动词原形
If you succeeded, everything would be all right.
If you should succeed, everything would be all right.
If you were to succeed, everything would be all right.
16.3 混合条件句
主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。
If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
(从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。)
If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在).
16.4 虚拟条件句的倒装
虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。
Were they here now, they could help us.
=If they were here now, they could help us.
Had you come earlier, you would have met him
=If you had come earlier, you would have met him.
Should it rain, the crops would be saved.
=Were it to rain, the crops would be saved.
注意：
在虚拟语气的从句中，动词'be'的过去时态一律用“were”，不用was， 即在从句中be用were代替。
If I were you, I would go to look for him.
如果我是你，就会去找他。
If he were here, everything would be all right.
如果他在这儿，一切都会好的。
典型例题
_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day.
A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I
答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但要注意，在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do.
16.5 特殊的虚拟语气词：should
1) It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that…结构中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。
句型：
(1)suggested
It is (2)important that…+ (should) do
(3) a pity
(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insisted; + (should) do
(2)important, necessary, natural, strange
a pity, a shame, no wonder
(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.
2)在宾语从句中的应用
在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句中。
order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do
I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
He insisted that he (should ) be sent there.
注意： 如suggest, insist不表示“建议” 或“坚持要某人做某事时”，即它们用于其本意“暗示、表明”、“坚持认为”时，宾语从句用陈述语气。
The guard at gate insisted that everybody obey the rules.
判断改错:
(错) You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill.
(对) Your pale face suggests that you are ill.
(错) I insisted that you ( should) be wrong.
(对) I insisted that you were wrong.
3)在表语从句，同位语从句中的应用
在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即(should)+动词原形。
My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference.
I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week.
16.6 wish的用法
1)用于wish后面的从句，表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为：
真实状况 wish后
从句动作先于主句动词动作 现在时 过去时
(be的过去式为 were)
从句动作与主句动作同时发生 过去时 过去完成时
(had + 过去分词)
将来不大可能实现的愿望 将来时 would/could +
动词原形
I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。
He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。
I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。
2)Wish to do表达法。
Wish sb / sth to do
I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager.
I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.)
16.7 比较if only与only if
only if表示“只有”;if only则表示“如果……就好了”。If only也可用于陈述语气。
I wake up only if the alarm clock rings. 只有闹钟响了，我才会醒。
If only the alarm clock had rung. 当时闹钟响了，就好了。
If only he comes early. 但愿他早点回来。
16.8 It is (high) time that
It is (high) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。
It is time that the children went to bed.
It is high time that the children should go to bed.
16.9 need “不必做”和“本不该做”
didn't need to do表示： 过去不必做某事, 事实上也没做。.
needn't have done表示： 过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she didn't need to walk back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她不必步行回家了。
John went to the station with the car to meet Mary, so she needn't have walked back home. 约翰开车去车站接玛丽，所以她本不必步行回家了。 (Mary步行回家，没有遇上John的车。)
典型例题
There was plenty of time. She ___.
A. mustn't have hurried B. couldn't have hurried C. must not hurry D. needn't have hurried
答案D。needn't have done. 意为“本不必”，即已经做了某事，而时实际上不必要。
Mustn't have done 用法不正确，对过去发生的事情进行否定性推断应为couldn't have done, “不可能已经”。 must not do 不可以(用于一般现在时)。
虚拟语气英语语法知识点汇总
篇2：中学英语语法虚拟语气
(一)并不是if引导的条件从句都是虚拟语气。如果if从句所指的事很有可能发生，那么这是真实条件句；反之，则是虚拟条件句
A. If you study hard, you'll surely pass the examination. (真实条件句)
B. If I were a bird, I could fly freely in the sky. (虚拟条件句)
(二)虚拟语气中，有时条件从句和主句的时态可以不一致，这种句子叫做混合条件句，也叫错综时间条件句。这种句子的形式要根据表示的时间来调整
A. If it had not been for me, you would not be free.
B. If you had spoken to him yesterday, you would know what to do now.
C. “If I had missed, ”said William Tell, “and had shot too low, I was going to use this arrow on you. ”
(三)有时虚拟条件不用条件从句，而用介词短语来表示
A. They would not be able to live without him.
B. He would have failed but for his teacher's timely advice.
C. I had my hair cut off and sold it because I couldn't have lived through Christmas without giving you a present.
D. If only you had worked with greater care!
(四)假设的情况有时可以通过上下文或其他方式表现出来
A. He would have given you more help, but he was so busy.
B. I was ill that day. Otherwise I would have taken part in the parade.
C. He raised himself completely, obliging me to rise too, or I could not have supported him.
D. Einstein cared little for money, though he could have been very rich.
(五)如果条件从句的谓语动词含有连系动词were或助动词had或should, 可将if省略，而把were, had或should移到主语之前，构成倒装句形式
If they were here now, they could help us. (自然语序)
A.
Were they here now, they could help us. (倒装句)
If you had come earlier, you would have met him. (自然语序)
B.
Had you come earlier, you would have met him. (倒装句)
If he should join them in their discussion, they would be happy. (自然语序)
C.
Should he join them in their discussion, they would be happy. (倒装句)
The ship would have sunk with all on board if it had not been for the captain. (自然语序)
D.
The ship would have sunk with all on board had it not been for the captain. (倒装句)
(六)虚拟语气的一些其他用法
(1)在动词wish后的宾语从句中谓语动词用过去式，表示现在或将来的愿望；用过去完成式，表示过去的愿望。
A. I wish I knew the answer.
B. I wish that the time had not passed so fast!
(2)would rather后的从句中也用以上的结构。
A. I would rather they came tomorrow.
B. I would rather you had gone there too.
(3)由as if或as though引导的状语从句，也用以上的结构。
A. She loves the child as if he were her own.
B. “How wild his white hair looked-as if it had been electrified. ”
(4)在suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request, insist等后面的宾语从句，谓语动词用should+ 动词原形(should可省略)。
A. They requested that he (should) go at once.
B. He ordered that all (should) take part in the work.
(5)与下列词有关的表语从句、同位语从句也用以上的结构。
suggestion(proposal), order(decision), request(demand), plan, idea, a shame, a pity, no wonder
A. My idea is that we (should) win him over.
(6)在It is important(necessary, strange, natural, wonderful)that后以及It is suggested(requested, proposed, arranged, desired, ordered, insisted)that后从句中亦用以上的结构。
A. It is necessary that everyone should be there in time.
B. It is suggested that she should sing a song.
(7)在It is (high/about) time that从句中，谓语动词用一般过去式表示将来。
A. It is time we went to bed.
B. It's about time you began your work.
(8)由in order that, so that引导的状语从句用may或might加动词原形，而so that引导的状语从句也可用can或could加动词原形
A. The emperor ordered that the weavers should be given some gold in order that they might begin their work at once.
B. The teacher spoke slowly so that the students could(might)hear clearly.
(七)suggest表示“建议，提议”时，用虚拟语气；作“认为，提出，暗示，使人想起”时，用陈述语气
A. I suggest he (should) bring his friends in. (虚拟语气)
B. On the boy's pale face there was a half smile that seemed to suggest that he was happy to have given his life for his country. (陈述语气)
C. I suggest that you had an ulterior motive in doing this(陈述语气)
(八)insist表示“坚持要”或“一定要(某人做某事)”时，用虚拟语气；作“坚持认为，坚决主张、坚持说(某人的观点)”时，用陈述语气
A. They insisted that he (should) obey the rules. (虚拟语气)
B. She insisted that she needed no help. (陈述语气)
C. He insists that Shanghai is the largest city in China. (陈述语气)
(九)should have done表示应该做的事没做；shouldn't have done表示不该做的事做了；need have done表示必须做的事没做；needn't have done表示不必做的事做了。这些也都是虚拟语气
A. “It's our own fault, ”I thought bitterly. “We should have cut away the jungle brush. ”
B. How I regretted the hours wasted in the woods and fields, the days when I had played and should have studied!
C. You needn't have spent so much time on the problem; it is not worth doing at all.
篇3：英语语法虚拟语气讲解
if only 与 I wish一样，也用于表示与事实相反的愿望，其后所虚拟语气的时态与 wish 后所接时态的情况相同：
If only she had had more courage! 她再勇敢一些就好了。
If only it would stop raining! 雨要是停了就好了。
If only he didn't drive so fast. 但愿他车没开得那么快。
If only I were [was] better looking. 要是我长得漂亮些就好了。
If only I had listened to my parents! 我要是当时听了父母的话就好了。
If only she would go with me! 她要是愿意和我一道去就好了!
【友情提示】if only 通常独立使用，没有主句。
英语语法虚拟语气讲解：would rather后的句子用虚拟语气
would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：
1.一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望
I'd rather you went tomorrow (now). 我宁愿你明天(现在)去。
I'd rather you came next Saturday. 我宁愿你下星期六来。
I'd rather you were happy. 我愿你快乐。
I'd rather she sat next to me. 我宁愿她挨着我坐。
I'd rather Jack left on an earlier train. 我宁愿杰克乘前一班火车走。
You always go without me and l'd rather you didn't. 你总是不带我去，我可不愿意你这样。
“Shall I open the window? ” “I'd rather you didn't. ”“我要不要把窗子打开? ” “我看不要打开好。”
2. 用过去完成时表过去的愿望
I'd rather you hadn't said it. 我真希望你没有这样说过。
I'd rather you hadn't done that. 我宁愿你没这样做。
l'd rather you had been / hadn't been present。我 (宁) 愿你当时在场 / 不在场。
l'd rather he had told / hadn't told me about it 我 (宁) 愿他告诉了 / 未告诉我这件事。
Katie went by car and I'd rather she hadn't. 凯蒂是坐汽车去的，我宁愿地不坐汽车去。
英语语法虚拟语气讲解：虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中
虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，表示所说的话不是一个事实，而只是一种假设，愿望，建议，怀疑，猜测或不大可能实现的空想。
I.虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中
虚拟语气用在条件状语从句中，通常从句由连词if 引导。
1.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句
条件状语从句主句
If +主语 +动词过去式主语+ would, should, could, might+原形动词
(be的过去式用were)
例如：
If I feared death, I wouldn't be a communist.
(刘胡兰)怕死就不做共产党员。
If there were no air, we couldn't live.
如果没有空气，我们就不能生活。
Example:
I would ask George to lend us the money if I ______ him.
A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know
I _____ it to him if I thought he would understand.
A. shall explain B. will explain C. would explain D. explain
2.与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句
构成
条件状语从句主句
If + 主语 + 动词过去完成式主语 + would, should, could, might+have + 过去分词
例如：
If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him.
如果你早来几分钟，你就会碰上他。
If there had been no air in the tube, the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.
如果试管中没有空气，实验结果就会更精确。
Example:
If you hadn't gone with Tom to the party last night, _______.
A. you would meet John already
B. you won't have missed John
C. you will have met John
D. you would have met John
3.与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句
构成
条件状语从句主句
If + 主语+ should +原形动词主语+would,should,could,might或were+不定式+原形动词
例如：
If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier.
假如他明天会来，事情就容易办了。
If the sand should be broken up, it would give out much energy.
如果沙子能被分解，它会释放出大量的能量。
注：在表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句中的should有时可以省略。如：
If he make the design, he might do it in some other way.
要是他来搞这个设计，他可能用另外的方法设计。
Example:
If the sea ____ to rise 50 feet, India would become an island.
A. will B. is C. was D. were
If you ____ to see Mary, what would you tell her?
A. are B. will be going C. must D. were
We might still catch the train if we ___.
A. make hurry B. haste
C. make haste D. hastily
4.错综时间的虚拟语气
在一些含有虚拟语气的句子中，如果主句与从句的谓语表示不同的时间，虚拟语气可有不同形式，即主句与从句各自按自己的时间构成虚拟形式。例如：
If I had met him before, I could recognize him.要是我以前遇见过他，我就能认出他了。
(从句表示与过去事实相反，主句表示与现在或将来事实相反)
If we were driving at a speed of 100 Li an hour, we would have arrived there 2 hours ago. 如果我们的行车速度每小时100里，两小时以前我们就会到达那里了。
(从句与现在事实相反，主句与过去事实相反)
Example:
If you _____ that late movie last night, you wouldn't be sleepy.
A. haven't watched
B. didn't watch
C. hadn't watched
D. wouldn't have watched
5.省略连词if
在条件状语从句中，如果有were, should, had，可以把连词if 省去，把 were, should, had 放在句首，构成条件意义。例如：
Should it rain tomorrow, what would you do? 万一明天下雨，你怎么办?
Were there no friction, we could not walk. 要是没有摩擦力，我们就不能行走。
Had we known about the new method, we should have applied it earlier.
如果我们过去知道这种新方法，我们早就应用了。
Example:
Had Alice been more hardworking, she _______.
A. had not failed B. would not fail
C. could not be failed D. would not have failed
_______ today, he would get there by Friday.
A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving
C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves
______ difficulties, we would be successful.
A. Should we overcome B. Would we overcome
C. Might we overcome D. Could we overcome
6.虚拟结构中省略主句或从句
虚拟结构中有时可省去主句或从句，并不影响意义的完整。
(1)省去条件从句
That would be fine. 那太好了。(省去了if you would come 或类似条件)
I wouldn't pass up the chance to visit China. 我不会放弃访问中国的机会。
We might have produced more coal. 我们可能生产出更多煤炭。
注：省略条件句，在试题中很少见到。
(2)省去主句，常用以表示愿望。从句谓语多用过去时或过去完成时。
If only she were here. 假如她在这儿该多好啊!
If only he lived! 假如他活着该多好啊!
If only I had known it before. 如果我早先知道这件事，那就好了。
Example:
If only it _____! but it is too late.
A. is avoided B. has avoided
C. could be avoided D. can be avoided
If only everything _____ out as we wanted it to in life!
A. is working B. worked
C. works D. has worked
篇4：高中英语语法：常见虚拟语气
一、虚拟语气的概念
虚拟语气包含两种：一种指与事实相反或不可能发生。“虚拟条件句+虚拟主句”的结构都属于这一类;even if、even though、as if、as though引导的状语中如果需要用到虚拟语气也属于这一类;wish、would rather后面接的宾语从句表示不可能实现的愿望，还是属于这一类。
另一种指与事实实际是否发生没有直接关系。如suggest、order、demand等表示建议、命令、要求等相关的名词性从句都属于这一类。
二、名词性从句中的虚拟语气
1.表达和建议、要求、命令、主张等含义相关的名词性从句，一律用主语+should+动词原形(should可以省略)结构。具体涉及到这些动词以及它们的名词形式：
一坚持(主张)：insist
二命令：order，command
三要求：require，request，demand
四建议：suggest，advise，propose，recommend
2.表示重要性、必要性、吃惊等时，一律用it is+形容词+that+主语+should+动词原形(should可以省略)结构。
3. ① wish 后面所跟的宾语从句，其谓语动词用虚拟语气(意为“要是/但愿…就好了”)，其形式主要有三种：表示对现在情况的虚拟：wish+一般过去时的宾语从句;表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish+ 过去完成时的宾语从句;表示对将来情况的虚拟：wish+would/could+动词原形。
if only 后接从句也用虚拟语气，其形式与wish的用法一致。
② would rather 后面所跟的宾语从句，其谓语动词用虚拟语气(意为“宁愿......”)，其形式主要有两种：表示对现在/将来情况的虚拟：wish+一般过去时的宾语从句;表示对过去情况的虚拟：wish+ 过去完成时的宾语从句
三、虚拟条件句中的虚拟语气
1.表示与现在事实相反的情况
从句：If+主语+did(be动词用were)
主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do
2.表示与过去事实相反的情况
从句：If+主语+had+done
主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done
3.表示与将来事实相反的情况
从句：①if+主语+were to do
②if+主语+should+do
③if+主语+过去式(be动词用were)
主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do
四、其它从句中的虚拟语气
1.虚拟语气用在状语从句中
① 由as if 或 as though 所引导的方式状浯从句，若从句与事实相反，则要用虚拟语气。其形式如下：
② 由 even if 或 even though 所引导的让步状语从句，若从句与事实相反，则从句和主句都要用虚拟语气。
2.虚拟语气用在定语从句中
篇5：考研英语语法解读：虚拟语气
考研英语语法解读：虚拟语气
我们知道由if 引导的条件句有两种形式，一种是真实的条件句，也就说是某事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。例如If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile， you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.（.Text1 ）（如果你想在谈话中用幽默来使人发笑，你就必须知道如何识别共同的经历和共同的问题。）
另一种就非真实条件句，通过虚拟语气来表达。例如I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.（要不是交通堵塞，我本会来得早一些。）在这句话中，假设“不堵塞”，但是真实情况并不是这样，所以用虚拟语气。一般有6种常见的形式：
1）与现在事实相反的非真实条件句，从句中用一般过去时，主句中用would/could/ should 加动词原形，be 动词的过去式为were.
If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks， you would find this strange phenomenon to be ever more pronounced.（，text 1 ）（查看为世界杯和专业队输送人才的.欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一奇怪的现象更加明显。）
2）与过去事实相反的非真实条件句，从句用过去完成时，主句用would/could/should +have done .
If he had played last season，however，he would have been one of 42. （ text3 ）（如果他打了上个赛季，他将只是42个（最高的人）中的一个）
3）与将来事实相反的非真实条件句，从句用should do 或 were to do 结构，主句中用 would /could/should 加动词原形。
If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in ‘s World Cup tournament， you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk： elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months.（2007 text 1）（如果查看世界杯联赛每个足球运动员的出生证，你很可能发笑一个值得注意的奇怪现象：好的足球运动员都在一年的头几个月而不是后几个月出生。）
4）混合时态的虚拟 指的是主句和从句分别表示两个时态，动词形式依照上述三种形式进行相应的变化。
If he had put all the important files in the safe yesterday， his boss wouldn‘t be scolding him so angrily now.（如果昨天他把所有重要文件都放在保险箱中，他的老板现在也不会这个严厉的说他。）
5）省if将从句中的系动词或助动词提前到主语之前，变成倒装句，考生对这种形式应该理解和掌握。 Had it not for the timely investment from the general public， our company would not be so thriving as it is.（ ）（如果不是群众投资，我们的公司不会像现在这么兴旺。）
6）用介词或连词表示虚拟。比如with，without， under…condition， but for . And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all， the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber， or refused to accept the slice of cucumber.（ text 1 ）（如果一只猴子甚至没有用石块就能得到葡萄，另一只猴子就会向研究人员扔石头，或者把石头扔出房间，或者拒绝接受一片黄瓜。）
这是比较常规和比较容易辨识的虚拟语气，希望同学们多加练习。希望广大的考生在复习的过程中把遇到的所有长难句都进行汇总到一个笔记本上，积累自己的薄弱点，才能针对性提高。预祝考生们都能考试顺利。
篇6：考研英语语法精要 虚拟语气
考研英语语法精要 虚拟语气
六、虚拟语气
1.主从句谓语动词的时态
(1)掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配:
主句 从句
与现在事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do were (不分人称)/did
与过去事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+have done had done
与将来事实相反 would/情态动词过去式+do should do
如：
If the doctor had been available, the child could not have died.
There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, should there be a sudden loud noise.
(2)区分主从句表示的不同时间概念：
主从句谓语动词所指时间不同，这叫做错综时间条件句，动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。如：
Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is.
(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)
Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now.
(主句与现在事实相反，从句与过去事实相反)
(3)识别事实和假设混合句：
Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time.
(句子前半部分为假设情况，而“父母病了”是事实)
I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week.
(前半部分为假设，后半部分是事实)
2.名词性从句的虚拟形式
名词性从句是指宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。从句的'谓语动词需用(should+)动词原形表示虚拟。考生应熟悉：
(1)下列动词做谓语时，that宾语从句中的动词用虚拟形式：
desire, advise, recommend, command, direct, order, ask, demand, request, require, insist, maintain, move, propose, prefer, urge, vote。如：
In the past men generally preferred that their wives work in the home.
I move that he be discharged for his serious mistake.
(2)下列形容词和分词做表语或补语时，that主语从句中动词用虚拟形式：
advisable, desirable, insistent, preferable, urgent, appropriate, compulsory, crucial, essential, imperative, important, necessary, obligatory, possible, probable, proper, vital, advised, arranged, commanded, demanded, desired, ordered, proposed, recommended, requested, required, suggested。如：
The board deem it urgent that these files should be printed right away.
It is essential that all these figures be checked twice.
(3)下列名词接同位语从句或表语从句时，从句中动词用虚拟形式：
insistence, preference, recommendation, suggestion, proposal, motion, desire, re-quirement, request, order, necessity, importance, regulation, rule, resolution, understanding。如：
John Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it be analyzed in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.
They keep telling us it is of utmost importance that our representative be sent to the conference on schedule.
3.含蓄虚拟条件句的谓语动词形式
含蓄虚拟语气是指假设条件不通过if从句表达，而是暗含在其他结构中。考生应熟悉：
(1)连词but, but that, or, or else;副词otherwise, unfortunately等表示转折假设。如：
A safety analysis would have identified the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately, it was never done.
Victor obviously doesn’t know what’s happened; otherwise he wouldn’t have made such a stupid remark.
(2)介词短语暗含假设条件，常用的有：without, but for, under more favorable conditions等。如：
But for the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.
(3)intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned或was/were +不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished+不定式一般式暗示虚拟语气。如：
I intended to have called on you, but I was busy at that time.
(4)情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气。如：
I should have called to make an airline reservation, but I didn’t.
4.常用虚拟形式的句型
(1)从句中动词用过去式或过去完成式表示虚拟的句型：
would rather would as soon as though suppose…
had rather would sooner as if supposing…
If only… It is (high) time that…(从句中动词只用过去式)
如：
His wife would rather they didn’t talk about the matter any more.
I’d rather you went by train, because I can’t bear the idea of your being in an airplane in such bad weather.
If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.
My father always talks as though he were addressing a public meeting.
(2)If it were not for… (与现在事实相反)
If it had not been for… (与过去事实相反) 相当于but for。如：
If it had not been for his help (= but for his help), we would not have succeeded.
(3)If only…谓语动词视情况选用适当的形式。如：
If only the committee would approve the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible.
(4)lest/for fear that/in case 从句谓语用(should+)动词原形。如：
The mad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.
(5)whether…or…有时谓语用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法经常采用倒装结构。如：
Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.
The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.
大学网考研频道。篇7：高中英语虚拟语气知识点
表示与现在事实相反的情况
从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(be动词用were)
主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+动词原形
If I were you, I would take an umbrella.
如果我是你，我就会带把伞。(事实：我不是你)
If I knew his telephone number, I would tell you.
如果我知道他的电话号码，我就会告诉你。(事实：不知道)
If there were no air or water，there would be no living things on the earth.
如果没有水和空气，地球上就不会有生物。(事实：地球上既有空气也有水)
篇8：高中英语虚拟语气知识点
表示与将来事实相反
从句：①if+主语+were to do
②if+主语+should+do
③if+主语+动词一般过去式(be动词用were)
主句：
主语+should/would/might/could+do
If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.
如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。(事实：来的可能性很小，不可能)
If there were a heavy snow next Sunday，we would go skating.
如果下周日下大雪，我们就去滑冰。(事实：下雪可能性很小，不可能)
If she were to be here next Monday，I would tell her about the matter.
如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。(事实：来的可能性很小，不可能)
除了以上三种主要情况，虚拟语气还有以下几种结构和用法：
当从句的谓语动词含有were/should/had时，if可以省略，这时从句要用倒装语序，即把were/should/had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。
Should he speak fluent English, we would send him there.
要是能说流利的英语的话，我们就派他去了。
Were she here, she would agree with us.(If she were here...)
如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。
有些条件句只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种情况也要用虚拟语气。
在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如without…/but for…(要不是因为...)等。
But for his help，we would be working now.
要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。
We would have come home safely it were not for your kindness.
如果不是你的慷慨心善，我们是不可能安全回家的。
Without your instruction，I would not have made such great progress.
要是没有你的指导，我不会取得如此大的进步。
有时，虚拟语气的结构中，主、从句可以省略其中的一个，来表示说话人的一种强烈的感情。
省略从句
He would have finished it(if...).
他本该完成了。
You could have passed this exam(if...).
你本来能通过这次考试的。
省略主句
If I were at home now.
要是我现在在家里该多好啊。
If only I won the game
我要是赢了比赛多好啊!
注意，在虚拟语气的从句中，动词be的过去时态一律用were，不用was。
If I were you, I would go to look for him.
如果我是你，就会去找他。
If I were a bird, I would fly day and night.
如果我是一只鸟，我会没日没夜的飞翔。
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