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篇1：NSEFC 高二Unit18 词汇
Unit18
n: officer; rider; pilot; vest; heel; petrol; background; possibility; perception; connection; trial; patent; electronics; glue; storage; relativity; flavour; metaphor; typewriter; laptop; desktop; palmtop; Eniac
Mozart; Samuel Norse; Mona Lisa; Charles Chaplin; John Denver; Issac Newton; Abraham Lincoln; Eve; Helen Keller;
v:; rephrase; reject; aware; paste
adj. edible; inflatable; creative; partial; visible; previous; dusty;
adv: otherwise
phrases: allow for; get stuck; break away from; be aware of; trial and error; after all; keep track of
1. pilot: someone who flies an aircraft
2. vest: a piece of underwear that you wear under a shirt
3. heel: the back part of your foot
4. petrol: gas
background: This is a photo of Mary with our house in the background. 这是玛丽的照片，背景是我家的房子。
He always paints ships against a background of stormy shies他常画暴风雨中的船舶。
The talks are taking place against a background of economic uncertainty.
5. possibility: The new invention contains wonderful possibilities. 新发明具有极好的未来。
There is no possibility of his coming. 他不可能来。
6. perception: The public perception of him as a hero is surprising.
7. connection: We have connections with various international corporations in Europe.
我们同欧洲的多家跨国公司有业务往来。
8. trial: The man was on trial for killing sb. 此人因杀人而受审。
The trial ended with a hung jury. 审判因陪审团不能作出一致的决定而悬而不决。
The trial flight has made the grade. 试飞成功。
The trial pilot is heading triumphantly for home.
9. patent: The government patented the device to its inventor. 政府给予发明者专利权。
10. electronics: Electronic devices and systems: 电子装置和组件：
The electronics aboard the new aircraft are very sophisticated. 安装在新飞行器上的电子器件非常复杂
11. glue: This glue is our new product and makes a firmer bond. “这种胶水是我们的新产品,粘结力很强。”
12. storage: a storage closet; storage facilities. 小贮藏室；贮藏设备
relativity: the general [restricted, special] theory of relativity广义[狭义]相对论
metaphor: In poetry the rose is often a metaphor for love. 玫瑰在诗中通常作为爱的象征。
13. reject: He rejected their invitation point-blank. 他直截了当地拒绝了他们 的邀请。
We rejected his idea for a music club, and decided to have an art club instead.
我们没有采纳他关于成立音乐俱乐部的想法，而是决定成立艺术俱乐部。
14. aware: I was not aware of the fire. 我没有意识到火。
We were quite aware (of) how you would respond to our terms.
我们十分清楚你们对我们提出的条件肯定会有什么反应。
He doesn't seem to be aware of the coldness of their attitude towards his appeal.
他好象没有意识到大家对他呼吁,态度冷淡。
15. The principal didn't seem to be aware that there should have been so much dispute about the 16. decision. 校长好象没有意识到这个决定竟会有这么多分歧。
paste: “Before starting to make bread, you'll have to make a paste of flour, fat and water.”
“你得先把面粉、油脂和水混合制成糊状物,然后再开始制作面包。”
edible: Are these berries edible, or are they poisonous? 这些草莓可以吃，还是有毒？
inflatable: an inflatable mattress. 一个充气床垫
creative: creative writing. 有创意的写作
partial: The research project was only a partial success. 那个研究课题只取得部分成功。
I'm very partial to sweet foods. 我特别喜欢甜食。
visible: The smoke from the fire was visible from the road. 从马路上可以看见那火里冒出的烟。显而易见的；看得出来的
This object serves no visible purpose. 这东西看不出有什么用处。
17. previous: He has had no previous experience of this kind of job. 他从前没有做这种工作的经验。
18. dusty:
19. allow for:
20. get stuck:
21. break away from:
22. be aware of:
23. trial and error:
24. after all:
25. keep track of:
Other phrases:
environmental friendly
fit comfortably on sb
the keyboard vest
let the air out
be born creative
come up with ideas for …
have much in common
do well in school
get high test scores
one of the high valued skills
a matter of habits
limit one’s thinking
rephrase a problem
try possible solutions
get stuck
give clues
a conscious effort
to break away from
old thought patters
explore new possibilities
in perceptions
series of different attempts
several false starts
remain hidden
be connected to
are aware of …
combine … and …
make connections
think of new applications
the result of a long process of trial and errors
force sb. to do …
feel inspired
one’s thought
change that much
at such a high pace
the true challenge
think about
allow sb. to do something we could not do before
be around the corner
remain to be seen
shape one’s future
sound incredible
reflect light
let the light rays bounce back
in the normal way
at an angle
see through objects
have many potential uses
face major surgery
be well-trained
cure .. with less risk
seem ridiculous to sb.
build a device
visual information
make something out of nothing
according to their theories
law of physics
space motion
turn out to be endless
become available to…
take something for granted
篇2：NSEFC 高二Unit19 词汇
Unit19
I. n merchant; crown; mercy; enemy; weakness; judgement ; gentleman; greeting; envy; consequence; fortune; bargain; deed; surgeon; requirement; court; justice; kindness; punishment; order; sword;
l duke; masterpiece; ducat; fate; scale; tragedy; revenge
l Venice; Hamlet; Romeo; Juliet; Troilus; Cressida; Bassanio; Antonio; Portia; Shylock; Duke; Bellario
v. deny; envy; accuse; bargain; bless; declare; punish; order;
adj: reasonable; troublesome; merciful; legal; worthy; complex; adv: therefore;
phrases: pay back; have mercy on; go about; as far as I know; tear up; at the mercy of; go down on one’s knees
II.
1.deny;
I said that he had stolen my bicycle, but he denied it.
These children are denied access to education.
2. envy n, v
What a wonderful thing it is to be a musician! How I envy you.
envy sb sth.; be in envy of sb.'s success羡慕某人的成功
Their new pool made them the envy of their neighbors.
3. accuse;
What are you accused of?
4. bargain
I’ve kept my side of bargain and I expect him to keep his.
5. bless
It is twice blessed: It blessed those who give it, and those who receive it.
6. declare;
I declare the court allows it and the law gives it to you.
India declared her independence in 1947.
7.punish;
They must be punished for what they have done.
The teacher punished the noisy children by making them stay after school.
8. order;
order sb to do sth; order that sb should do
He ordered them to leave.
The King ordered that the man be set free.
9.mercy;
Have mercy on him, Mary.
Mercy falls like the gentle rain from the sky upon the earth.
show mercy to sb; throw oneself on sb’s mercy
leave sb/sth to the mercy of sth/sb
at the mercy of sb/sth
10. enemy: make enemy with
His behavior made him many enemies.
11. greeting
to offer greetings to sb.向某人致意; greeting card贺卡, 卡片
12.fortune;
She made a fortune selling her new book.
The family’s fortune almost changed almost overnight.
13. bargain
This jacket is a real bargain at such a low price.
这件夹克衫这么便宜,真划得来。
If you bargain with them they might reduce the price.
你讲讲价,他们可能会把价钱降低。
14. reasonable a reasonable price
15．worthy; worth
He is worthy of our praise. 他值得我们表扬
a worthy cause正义的事业a worthy life有价值的生活
This book is worthy of being read [to be read].这本书值得一读。
Be worth doing; be worthy of being done/ be worthy to be done
16.therefore;
He was ill, and therefore could not come.他病了, 所以未能来。
17. legal ; legally; illegal
a legal right.; a legal holiday
18. complex The situation is very complex.
P66.
1. take place pay back
2. people of different ages
3. in modern times
4. make an important decision
5. make a play a masterpieces
6. as far as I know
7. in this particular case
P67
8.play a cruel game
9.give up
10. have mercy on
11 show mercy to sb;
12 throw oneself on sb’s mercy
13. at the mercy of sb/sth
14.a sign of weakness
15. pass judgement on sb
16.hope for
17.a most troublesome case
18.be seated
19. a learned judge
20.accuse sb of sth
21.according to the law
22. cut off
23. tear up
24. bleed to death
25. take sb in the arm
26.feel sorry for sb
27. face an enemy with a heart of stone
28.be in love with
29. on one condition
30 sign an agreement
31. so young a body with so wise a head
32. take away from
33. go down on one’s knee
34. beg sb for mercy
35. sth be as dear to sb as life itself
P138
36. be of much value
37.for the sake of
38.have a human side
39.break the rules
40.be pleased with
41.in secret
42. get married
43. escape from
44. show amazing courage
45. a loyal young woman of strength and self-determination
46. a character of passion and imagination
47. stand out
48. sb with sharp mind
49. play with words
50. make the law work for sb
51. sb deserve to be admire
52. win sb’s trust
53. care for
54. earn a place in the heart of sb
III sentences
1. It is useless trying to argue with him
2. This is a most troublesome case.
3. I’ve kept my side of the bargin and I expect him to keep his.
4. Mercy brings good.Mercy falls like the gentle rain from the sky upon the earth.
5. It is twice blessed: It blesses those who give it, and those who receive it.
6. It is the highest of the highest.
7. I’ll pay him back with all my heart.
8. I declare the court gives it and the law gives it to you.
9. I feel sorry for you. You’ve come to face an enemy with a heart of stone, who knows neither pity nor mercy.
10. You shall get justice more than you wanted.
11. My money and goods are as dear to me as life itself.
12. She is known for the goodness of her heart, her feeling of love and caring.
13. Although her role in the play is rather small, she shines as heroine of goodness and wisdom, and has earned a place in the hearts of all readers of King Lear
.
篇3：NSEFC 高二 Unit1 Making a difference
Unit 1 Making a Difference
I. Teaching Aims
1. Talk about science and scientists;
2. Talk about people;
3. Practise describing people and debating;
4. Learn more about the infinitive;
5. Write a descriptive paragraph;
II. Teaching time: four periods
III. Background Information
The Beginning of Time and a Remarkable Man Called Stephen Hawking
If you have even thought about how the universe began and whether time has a beginning or an ending, then you should know about a 55-year-old Englishman called Stephen Hawking.
Why? Because he is considered to be one of the brainiest men in the world and to be the modern successor of Albert Einstein.
Stephen has spent his life studying and thinking about the origins f the universe and how it can be explained by using the modern theories of physics such as relativity and quantum mechanics. His discoveries and his scientific proposals have been revolutionary. People call him a genius.
Just as amazing is the fast that since his early twenties, he has been suffering from an incurable disease of the nervous system which has affected his movements and his speech. But, fortunately, although he must use a wheelchair and other technical aids to do things, his brain functions perfectly. Indeed, it functions better than the vast majority of people’s. So, in sprite of a severe disability, he has made tremendous contributions to our understanding of our universe.
So what does Stephen think about the beginning of our world? Well, he thinks that it began around fifteen billion years ago. He also thinks that our universe was probably created by an enormous explosion, a “Big Bang”. This is a view held by many cosmologists (scientists who study the universe).
But scientists hold different view about what the universe was like before the Big Bang. Some people think that there is no way that modern physics can explain or predict anything before the Big Bang. Many other people think that the Big Bang must have been the work of God.
Stephen Hawking has his own view on what the universe was like before the big bang. He has suggested that, yes, we can say that the universe began at one particular point (a big bang). But, this one point was just an ordinary point in time like, say, the North Pole is a point on the smooth surface of the earth. It was not a point of real beginning, just a point.
Stephen believes that if we can use our present knowledge of the laws of physics to understand how the universe bean, then we will not have to believe that a “God” or a spiritual force made the Big Bang.
What do you think about our beginnings? If you would like to read more about Stephen’s ideas on the origins of the universe, then you should read his best seller A Brief History of Time.
In sprite of his difficult illness and his confinement to a wheelchair, Stephen Hawking works as a professor of mathematics at Cambridge, holding the same position held by another famous scientist, Isaac Newton, in 1663. It may be that the name Hawking just as well known in history as that of his famous predecessor.
The First Period
I. Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following words:
analysis, agriculture, branch, curious, debate, undertake, within, genius, inspiration, perspiration, obvious, quote, gravity, radioactivity, biologist;
phrases:
be known for, no doubt that….
2. Talk about science and scientists;
3. Listen to the description of some scientists;
4. Do some speaking, describing people and debating.
II. Teaching Important Points:
1. Train the students’ listening ability by listening practice.
2. Train the students’ speaking ability by talking about science and scientists, describing people and debating.
III. Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to improve the students’ listening ability;
2. How to help the students finish the task of speaking.
IV. Teaching Methods:
1. Warming up to arouse the students’ interest in science;
2. Listening and answering activity to help the students go through the listening material;
3. Individual, pair, or group work to make every student work in class.
V. Teaching Aids:
1. A tape recorder; 2. The blackboard;
VI. Teaching Procedures
Step 1 Greetings
T: Good morning.
Ss: Good morning, Miss Wang.
Step2 Warming Up
T: There are many outstanding scientists in the world, who made great contributions to society and science. Now please make a list of the names of some scientists and their contributions. Write them down on a piece of paper. After a while, I’ll collect your answers.
(Teacher goes among the students. After a while, collect your answers.)
Ss: What great scientists do you know? And what are they famous for? ….
S: Maria Curie is famous for her discoveries of radium and polonium and Zhang Heng is famous for his seismograph. ……
T: Well done, I think you are all interested in science and scientists. What do you think makes a successful scientist? Have a discussion and make a list of what you have already known and what you would like to know. Discuss it in pairs or in groups of four. After a while, I will ask some of you to report the results of your discussion.
(Three minutes later, teacher begins to collect the results of their discussion.)
T: Who would like to tell me what makes a successful scientist? Any volunteer?
S: I think a successful scientist must have much imagination and intelligence and he must be creative and hard working.
T: Now open your books on page1, there are some photos of some famous scientists. Look at these pictures and you should try to tell me who they are.
T: Look at the photos now. Who is the person in picture1?
S: Albert Einstein.
T: Look at the sentence under the picture, can you translate it into Chinese and tell me?
S: 想象比知识更重要。天才就是百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水。 你不能教一个人什么东西， 你只能帮助他去发现他内在的东西。
T: Good. Do you agree with him?
S: Yes…
T: Now look at the picture under pictuer1. Do you know who he is?
S: He is Alfred North Whitehead. I don’t know him that much.
T: Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947) was a British philosopher and mathematician. What does this sentence mean?
S: 分析明显的事物需要非凡的头脑。
T: This sentence means most people don’t question the things we take granted, but great scientists will be curious and tend to ask questions that others never think of. Who is in the next picture?
S: She is Marie Curie.
T: Do you understand the sentence she said? Can you tell me the sentence in Chinese?
S: 生活中没有什么可怕的， 只是要去理解他们。
T: Look at the photos now. Who is the person in picture4?
S: Thomas Alva Edison.
T: Look at the sentence under the picture, can you translate it into Chinese and tell me?
S: 天才就是百分之一的灵感加百分之九十九的汗水。
T: Good. Do you agree with him?
S: Yes…
T: Look at the photos now. Who is the person in picture5?
S: Galileo Galilei.
T: Look at the sentence under the picture, can you translate it into Chinese and tell me?
S: 你不能教一个人什么东西， 你只能帮助他去发现他内在的东西。
T: Good. Do you agree with him?
S: Yes…
T: Now we have learnt some quotes, do you know any other quotes?
S: Knowledge is power. – Francis Bacon.
T: Good, so much for warming up. Now let’s move on to listening.
Step2 Listening
T: Ok, now let’s do some listening practice on Page2. Today we are going to listen to some descriptions of some famous scientists. Before we start to listen to the material, let’s read the requirement together and go through some new words.
(Read the requirement and questions as well as put some new words on the blackboard-agriculture, gravity, radioactivity, curious.)
T: Ok. Let’s begin. Please listen carefully.
(Teacher plays the tape for the students to listen and pauses the tape for the students to write down answers when necessary. In the end, check the answers with the whole class and give some explanations or play the tape again if necessary.)
Step4 Speaking
T: From the warming up and listening part, we have already known a lot of famous scientists in different field of science, or you can say in different branch of science. What science do you know?
S: Physics, chemistry, biology, maths…
T: Yes, the science we usually mean is physics, chemistry, biology, maths and computer science nowadays. Now I have a question for you: which branch of science do you think is the most important one?
S: (Various answers.)
T: On this question you may have different ideas. I want all of you to work in the group of five students and each of you can have your own idea to represent one of the following branches of the science: physics, chemistry, biology, maths and computer science. Find reasons to support your view and debate with other students to prove that you are right. Are you clear?
S: Yes.
T: You can use the expressions at the bottom of page2. They are very useful. Ok, I will give you five minutes to debate. Now begin.
(Teacher checks the students’ work five minutes later.)
Sample debate:
S1: I think biology is the most important and useful science because it is essential to protecting nature, environment and ecological balance. People don’t live with good environment. So to the root biology is a science to protect human beings. What’s more, no biology means no medicine. So I think biology is the most important science.
S2: Well, maybe, but I think that chemistry is the most important and useful, because chemistry id the key to the progress of the human being. Besides, it is chemical reaction that produces many new things.
S3: That is hard to say. There are many physical products. And physics id widely used in many fields, such as medicine, industry and agriculture. There would be no life without physics. So I think physics is the most important and useful.
S4: That’s true, but maths is the basic science. You can learn physics or chemistry well without a good knowledge of maths. Maths is a tool on science and engineering. Therefore, maths is the most important and useful science.
S5: My idea is that computer science is the most important and useful science nowadays. As you can see anywhere you go, there is computer. The computer is an indispensable tool in our modern life. It can settle many problems at a high speed and help people work easily.
Step5 Language Points
T: There are some useful phrases I want you to understand in this part:
1. on fire= be crazy at
2. be know for / be known as
Eg: He is known for his first book, which was the best seller for a year.
He is known as a children’s book writer.
3. have … in common
4. doubt + if/ whether/ when….; no doubt that
Eg: If he keeps missing school, I doubt if he is going to pass his exams.
There is no doubt that the plane is going to be canceled because of the bas weather.
Step6 Summary and Homework
T: today we have done a lot of listening and speaking. We also have learned and talked about some science and famous scientists. After class, please search more about science or scientists you are interested in on the Internet or in the library. Please preview the reading on page3: “No Boundaries”. So much for today.
Step7 The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 1 Making a difference
The First Period
Scientists Contributions
Madame Curie Radium/Polonium
Zhang Heng Seimograph
Darwin The Theory of Evolution
Edison The light bulb
Einstein The Theory of Relativity
Some words describing scientists:
creative, hard-working, curious, careful, confident…
Step8 Record after Teaching
The Second Period
I. Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following words:
scan, boundary, graduate, research, wheelchair, disabled, theory, seek, misunderstand, scientific, observe, match, predict, engage, exploration, promising, incurable, PhD;
phrases:
work on, go by, be/ get engaged to sb., go on with, stop … from doing, dream of, in a way, turn out;
2. Train the students’ reading ability;
3. Make the students learn more about Stephen Hawking;
4. Make the usage of some phrases clear: go on, go on with, go on doing and go on to do;
II. Teaching Important Points:
1. Learn the phrases in the reading and the following sentence pattern:
There is no point (in) doing sth.
2. Enable the students understand the reading better.
3. Improve the students reading ability.
III. Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to make the students understand the reading text better;
2. How to make the students understand the following sentence:
There did not seem much point in working on the PhD.
IV. Teaching Methods:
1. Scanning the reading material and get some information about Hawking;
2. Reading and answering some detailed questions to help the students go through the reading material;
3. Individual, pair, or group work to make every student work in class.
V. Teaching Aids:
1. A tape recorder; 2. The blackboard;
VI. Teaching Procedures
Step 1 Greetings
T: Good morning.
Ss: Good morning, Miss Wang.
Step 2 Lead-in and Pre-reading
T: Yesterday we learned some quotes from some famous scientists. We got to know these famous scientists as well. Do you know a famous scientist called Stephen Hawking?
S: Yes, / no.
T: Maybe some students don’t know the name. But you must know there is a scientist who speaks through computer.
S: Yes, we do.
T: Well, that scientist is called Stephen Hawking. Today we are going to learn a reading about him, Stephen Hawking. Before we take a look at the reading, let’s learn some new words. (Teacher writes the new words in this reading on the blackboard and deals with them with all the students.)
T: Open your books on Page3, please. Look at the three questions in Pre-reading and then scan the text as quickly as possible and find the answers to these questions. I will ask some students to answer them.
T: (Three minutes later) have you finished scanning?
S: Yes.
T: Who can answer these three questions? Any volunteers?
T: Why did Stephen Hawking need a PhD?
S1: Because he needed a job.
T: Good, next question, when did Hawking become famous?
S2: Hawking became famous in the early 1970s, when he and American Roger Penrose made new discoveries about the Big Bang and black holes.
T: Very well, the third question, when did Hawking visit Beijing?
S3: In , Hawking visited Beijing.
T: Excellent. I see you all did a good job on scanning.
Step 3 Reading
T: Now please read the passage again. This time I want you to read it as carefully as possible and then I will ask you some detailed questions about this reading.
T: (five minutes later) have you finished reading?
S: Yes.
T: Ok, listen to my questions carefully and try to find answers in the passage to answer them.
Q1: When was Stephen told to have the incurable disease?
When he was 21 year old.
Q2: What did Stephen do when he got to know the news that he had the incurable disease?
Hawking went on with his research, got his PhD and married Jane.
Q3: How does Hawking speak?
He speaks through computer.
Q4: Which book did he write in 1988?
He wrote the book: A Brief History of Time.
Q5: What does Hawking write about in his book?
Hawking explains both what it means both a scientist and how science works.
Q6: Is his speech computer a problem for Hawking?
No, it isn’t.
Q7: What doesn’t Hawking like about the speech computer?
The computer gives him an American accent.
Step 4 Language Points
T: Now you have understood the detailed information about this reading. But there are some phrases or sentences in this reading you don’t understand. Now I am going to explain some language points in this passage.
1. give up 放弃
give in 屈服， 投降, 上交
give away 赠送， 分发， 泄密， 暴露
Eg: He gave up smoking two years ago.
Tom always gives in to his brother.
Please give in your papers now.
He gave away most of his money to the poor.
She gave away the state secrets to the enemy.
2. There is no point (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用
Eg: There is no point in telling the about this as she does not care.
There is no point in wasting time on this.
3. work on + n. / ving. 继续工作， 从事
Eg: He is working on a new machine for office work.
4. go by = pass
Eg: Time goes by fast so you have to work hard.
5. be/get engaged to sb.
Eg: Tom is engaged to Mary.
6. in order to do
7. go on with sth., go on, go on doing sth., go on to do sth
go on 继续， 进行， 进展
Eg: I thought everything was going on well.
go on doing sth. 继续不停的做某事， 一件事没做完停一段时间再接着做
Eg: He went on working throughout the night.
go on to do sth. 做完一件事接着做另一件事
Eg: After they had read the text, the students went on to do exercises.
go on with sth. 与时间点连用= go on to do sth
与时间段连用= go on doing sth
Eg: After a while, he went on with the work.
He went on with work for hours.
8. Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamt of. 倒装句
Eg: He is a student. So am I.
She did not know who did that, nor did I.
stop sb from doing sth.
Eg: Nothing can stop him from going there.
dream of / about
Eg: He dreams of becoming a famous musician some day.
I dreamed about flying last night.
9. in a way+ attributive clause 以某种方式
Eg: He spoke English in a way every student could understand him very easily.
10. on the other hand
11. turn out: prove (to be) + a./ to be
Eg: Everything turned out satisfactory.
It looked like rain this morning, but it has turned out to be a fine day.
Step 5 Listening and Post-reading
T: Now I will play the tape. You can follow it in a low voice. Pay attention to your pronunciation and intonation.
(After that, teacher asks the students to do Exercise1 in post-reading.)
T: Ok, now look at Ex1 in post-reading. Choose the best answer for each of the questions. If you have some difficulty, you may discuss it with your partner. After a while, I will ask some of you to do it.
(The students begin to prepare this exercise and teacher asks three students to answer the three questions in the exercise1.)
(Suggested answers: 1. C 2.B 3. B)
T: Now, I will give you three more minutes for you to go over the passage again and try to answer the questions in Exercise2.
(After a while, ask the student to answer the three questions in exercise2.)
(Suggested answers:
1. People often think that science is a number of facts that never change. According to Hawking, science is always changing and many theories are eventually proven wrong.
2. First, the scientists observe the thing or process they are interested in. second, they make a theory to explain what they have observed. Third, they test the theory to se if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events.
3. Hawking, who is British, does not like it because the speech computer gives him an American accent. )
Step 6 Summary and Homework
T: in this class, we have read a passage about a famous scientist-Stephen Hawking. We have known that Hawking is disabled person with a strong will. We should learn form him.
We have also learnt some words and expressions in this reading. After class, you should learn all of them and remember them by heart.
Homework: 1. Read the reading again and review the language points in this passage.
2. Finish Word Study and Ex1&2 on page82.
3. Preview the grammar-the Infinitive on page 5.
Step 7 The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
Unit 1 Making a difference
The Second Period
Useful expressions:
work on +n./pron. /doing,
go by: pass,
be/get engaged (to sb.): be bound by a promise to marry,
go on with sth: continue with sth,
dream of: imagine,
turn out: prove(to be),
Sentence pattern:
There is no point (in) doing sth.=There is no good reason for doing sth.
The Third Period
I. Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following words:
Seek, obvious, gravity, predict, observe, match;
phrases:
use up
2. Review the words and expressions learned in the last two periods:
scan, boundary, graduate, research, wheelchair, disabled, theory, seek, misunderstand, scientific, observe, match, predict; analysis, agriculture, branch, curious, debate, undertake, within;
work on, go by, be/ get engaged to sb., go on with, stop … from doing, dream of, in a way, turn out; be known for, no doubt that….
3. Learn how to explain words in English;
4. Use and master the usages of the Infinitive.
II. Teaching Important Points:
1. Master the phrase: use up;
2. Master the usages of the Infinitive;
III. Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to help the students to learn to explain words in English;
2. How to help the students master the usages of the Infinitive.
IV. Teaching Methods:
1. Reviewing method to help the students remember what they have learned before;
2. Explanation and inductive methods help the students master the usages of the Infinitive;
3. Individual, pair, or group work to make every student work in class.
V. Teaching Aids:
1. A tape recorder; 2. The blackboard;
VI. Teaching Procedures
Step 1 Greetings
T: Good morning.
Ss: Good morning, Miss Wang.
Step 2 Revision
T: In the past two periods, we learned some important words and expressions. Now let’s do a revision on them.
T: First, please look at the words on the blackboard. I will ask some students to read them and explain their meanings.
scan, boundary, graduate, research, wheelchair, disabled, theory, seek, misunderstand, scientific, observe, match, predict; analysis, agriculture, branch, curious, debate, undertake, within;
T: Good. Now, let’s review some important phrases. I will speak them in Chinese and then you tell me in English. Ok?
S: Ok.
(The teacher says the Chinese meanings of the following phrases:
work on, go by, be/ get engaged to sb., go on with, stop … from doing, dream of, in a way, turn out; be known for, no doubt that….)
T: Good. I see you have mastered what you have learned in the past two periods. Please remember these words and expressions after class and I will give you a dictation tomorrow.
Step 3 Word study
T: Please look at the five words on the blackboard. Can you tell me what they mean?
seek, obvious, gravity, predict, observe, match;
T: Now you have known the Chinese meaning of each word. Let’s do an exercise to see how to explain some words in English, according to the meanings of the sentences. Please turn to page5. Let’s do the exercise in Word Study. Choose the closest meaning to the underlined word in each sentence. Before we do it, we will learn a new phrase: use up.
(Write in on the blackboard. And give some explanations and two examples.)
use up: use some material or something until nothing left.
Eg: He has used up all his money for the girl, but he did not know she would leave him.
T: Are you clear about the use of “use up”?
S: Yes.
T: Ok, do the exercise by yourself. And also translate the sentences into Chinese. You can discuss it with your partner if necessary. I will check your answers in a few minutes.
T: (A few minutes later) now I will ask some of you to give me your answers. And when you answer the questions, tell the choice first and then translate the sentence into Chinese.
(Teacher asks the students to answer the six questions one by one.)
Suggested answers:
1. A 这对夫妇花光了所有的钱去找他们六个月前失踪的五岁儿子。
2. C 大家很容易看出她不高兴。
3. B 牛顿自言自语， “为什么苹果会落到地上， 而不会飘向空中？” 后来他发现了万有引力定律。
4. A 科学家预言在未来的十年里， 环境污染还会更严重。 他们告诫人们如果我们不采取措施解决这个问题， 我们将会毁灭我们的星球。
5. B 哈利观察那颗星球的运动已有多年了， 并且发现每76年他就轮回一圈。
6. A 警察发现这个人的DNA和在犯罪现场提取的不一样后， 就放他走了。
Step 4 Grammar
(Teacher writes some sentences on the blackboard.)
1. He hoped to visit China again.
2. It took a lot of time to finish the report.
3. Please give the boy something to play with.
4. He went home to see his sick mother.
5. Her wish is to become a pop singer.
T: Now look at the sentences on the blackboard. And tell me what these underlined parts are and what function of them in each sentence.
S: All the underlined parts are used as the Infinitive.
S1: In the sentence one, the Infinitive part is used as the object.
S2: In the second sentence, I think “to finish the report” is used as the attributive modifying “time”.
T: Do you think he answer is right or wrong?
S5: He is wrong. It is used as the subject. It refers “to finish the report”.
T: Very well. Now let’s take a look at the third sentence.
S3: In the third sentence, I think “to play with” is used as the attributive modifying “something”.
T: Is he right or wrong?
Ss: Right.
T: Great. Let’s see the next sentence.
S4: In the fourth sentence, I think “to see his sick mother” is used as the adverbial for purpose.
T: Good. Let’s move on to the last sentence.
S6: In this sentence, “to become a pop singer” is used as the predicative.
T: Now you have known some usages f the infinitive. Let’s do an exercise to practise the usage of the infinitive.
Step 5 Practice
T: As you can see, the infinitive can not only be used as object and subject but also as attributive, predicative and adverbial. Now please open your books on page 5 and do exercise 1. Group the infinitive according to how they are used.
Suggested answers:
1. Subject: (8)
2. Attribute: (3)
3. Predicative: (1), (2)
4. Object: (9)
5. Adverbial: (4)(5)(6)(7)(10)
T: Very well. Now turn to page6 and do exercise2. I will give you one minute for this one. And then I will ask some students to read the answers and translate the sentences into Chinese as well.
(One minute later, check their answers.)
Suggested answers:
1. to be invited;
2. to pass;
3. to consider;
4. to be sent;
T: Ok, look at Ex3. Rewrite the following sentences using the infinitive. The example will help you. First do it by yourself. Then discuss it in pairs. Finally I will show you the right answers.
Suggested answers:
1. Is there anything to eat?
2. I need a pen to write with.
3. Do you have anything to add?
4. He is looking got a box to put the two rabbits in.
5. It would be a comfortable house to live in.
(If the students do not understand the answers, teacher will give more explanation.)
T: I think you have understood how to change the sentences into the sentences with the infinitive. Now let’s see more exercises. Turn your books to page 83. And take a look at exercise1 on this page. Rewrite the following sentences with infinitive as subjects. This exercise is very easy. I give you one minute to finish this one and then I will ask some students to give me the answers one by one.
(See the answers on page83 of the book.)
T: Do you remember before we have learned a phrase: find it …a. to do sth?
S: Yes.
T: In this phrase, to do sth. is the object of “find”. Now turn over your books and see Ex2. Answer the following questions with find it … to …. Two minutes for you to finish this exercise.
(Two minutes later check the answers to these questions. See suggested answers on page 83.)
Step 6 Consolidation
T: Now look at the picture. Who can tell me what Hawking’s dream is from the picture?
S: He wants to get married.
T: Right. Do you know how Hawking made his dream come true according to the passage we learnt in the second period?
S: Hawking said, “In order to get married, I need a job, I need a job and in order to get a job, I need a PhD.”
T: Very good. Now let’s look at another picture. And tell me what the girl’s dream is and how she makes it realized.
T: Who can tell us the girl’s dream and how she can realize it?
S: I would like to. Her dream is to get a doctor’s degree. In order to get a doctor’s degree, she needs to go to university; she needs to study hard now.
T: Very good. Now please tell your partner what your dream is and how to realize it. You can use “in order to” to express it.
(Teacher gives the students two minutes to talk freely.)
Step 6 Summary and Homework
T: Ok. Today we have reviewed some words we learned in the second period and gave some explanations in English. After class, you should try to explain the new words in English. We have also learned the usages of the infinitive. You should do more exercises to master them. After class, you should finish all the exercises in Grammar in your workbook to consolidate what we have learned. At the same time, don not forget to preview the content in Integrating skills.
Homework: 1. Remember the words and phrases we have learned in this unit.
2. Finish Ex3 on page83 and Ex3&4 on page84.
3. Preview Integrating skills-Making a Difference.
Step 7 The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
The Third Period
Phrase: use up
Grammar: the Infinitive
1. He hoped to visit China again .
2. It took a lot of time to finish the report .
3. Please give the boy sth to play with .
4. He went home to see his sick mother .
5. Her wish is to become a pop singer.
6. He wanted the nurses to take care of the patient.
7. He wanted the patient to be taken care of.
The Fourth Period
I. Teaching Aims:
1. Learn and master the following words:
astronomer, heaven, microscope, telescope, geographer, observation;
phrases:
learn from, be satisfied with, the other way around, take a look at, what if, be known as;
2. Review the language points and grammar-the Infinitive in this unit;
3. Do some reading and writing practice to improve the students’ integrating skills;
4. Learn how to write a descriptive paragraph;
II. Teaching Important Points:
1. Improve the students’ integrating skills;
2. Help the students write a descriptive paragraph;
III. Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to help the students understand the passage better;
How to help the students learn to write a descriptive paragraph.
IV. Teaching Methods:
1. Doing exercises to revise what we have learnt before;
2. Asking-and-answering activity to go through the reading material;
3. Discussion to help the students understand the passage better;
4. Individual, pair, or group work to make every student work in class.
V. Teaching Aids:
1. A tape recorder; 2. The blackboard;
VI. Teaching Procedures
Step 1 Greetings
T: Good morning.
Ss: Good morning, Miss Wang.
Step 2 Revision and Check homework
T: Yesterday we learned the grammar-the Infinitive. We know that the infinitive can be used as the subject, object, adverbial and so on. I gave you some homework about the infinitive yesterday. Now let me check your homework to see if you have mastered the infinitive.
T: Open your books on page84. Let’s take a look at Ex3 first. Answer the following questions with infinitives. You may think of more than one answer. I want to ask you to answer these questions one by one.
(See suggested answers on page 84 of the book.)
T: You have done a good job. Now let’s move to Ex4. Choose the best answers to fill in the blanks. I will also ask some students to read these two passages. When you are doing the exercise, please read the sentence, and don’t read the numbers to fill the blanks.
(See suggested answers on page 84 of the book.)
T: Good. You all did an excellent job.
Step 3 Practice
T: Now we will do more exercises to enhance what you have learned. Look at the screen please.
Tell the function of the underlined part in each sentence.
1. (1) To learn more about the universe, you need (2) to have a telescope (3) to observe the stars with.
2. It takes time (4) to know a man.
3. Please remember (5) to bring me a book.
4. I have got a lot of work (6) to do.
5. (7) In order to catch the first bus, she got up early.
6. It is important for us (8) to learn English.
(Teacher asks the students to do them one by one. Of there is any question, teacher can explain it to them. )
Suggested answers:
Subject: (4) (8)
Object: (2) (5)
Attributive: (3) (6)
Adverbial: (1) (7)
T: Let’s do another exercise. Choose the best answers to fill in the blanks.
(Show the following on the screen.)
1. to live; 2. to discover nature of the universe; 3. to eat. 4. to be wrong; 5. to pass the exams; 6. to find the train had gone;
7. to catch the train; 8. to get married; 9. to miss the train;
1. The goal of Stephen Hawking’s research is ______ and ______ is his biggest dream.
2. The doctor thought he only had three more years _____, which turned out _____.
3. We took a taxi _____. We hurried there, only _____. We were unhappy to _____.
4. He studied hard _____.
5. Lunch is ready. Let’s stop _____.
Suggested answers:
1. to discover nature of the universe; to get married;
2. to live; to be wrong;
3. to catch the train; to find the train had gone; to miss the train;
4. to pass the exams;
5. to eat.
T: Well done. So much for grammar. Now let’s revise the useful expressions in this unit together.
(Show the expressions on the screen.)
Tell me their Chinese meanings one by one.
work on, be engaged to sb, go by, turn out, dream of, go on with, use up
T: Now let’s do some exercises to see whether you have mastered them well. Complete the sentences by filling in the blanks with the right phrases we have revised just now.
(Show the expressions on the screen.)
1. He ____ one day becoming a famous scientist. 2. Tom ____ Ann. 3. Two weeks slowly _____. 4. He ____ his ink. 5. If we don’t finish painting the room today, we can ____ it tomorrow. 6. His suggestion ______ to be a good one. 7. He _______ a novel.
(A moment later, check the answers with the whole class.)
Suggested answers:
1. dreams of; 2. is engaged to 3. went by 4. has used up 5. go on with 6. turned out 7. is working on
T: Great. I see you can manage these phrases in sentences. Now turn your books on page 83. Let’s do another exercise to see if you can master them in passage. Ex3 in page83. Replace the underlined parts with the phrases below. You may change the forms if necessary.
(See suggested answers on page 83 of the book.)
T: You all have done a good job. Now let’s move to the next part: Integrating Skills.
Step 4 Reading
T: There were many scientists in the world in the past, whose discoveries and inventions can help us understand the world better. Can you say out the neames of some scientists and their discoveries?
Ss: Yes. Elbert Einstein (the Theory of Relativity); Marie Curie (radium and polonium…)
(Teacher collects the names and discoveries or inventions of the scientists and says the following.)
T: Do you know why and how they made these important discoveries or inventions?
Ss: No.
T: Ok, today we are going to read a passage. It will tell us what makes the scientists make their discoveries. Before we red it, we will learn more new words in this period.
(Teacher deals with the new words.)
T: Open your books and turn to page7. I will give you four minutes to read the passage quickly and then answer some questions.
(Four minutes later, ask the students the following questions:)
1. Who said the sentence “Knowledge is power.”?
Sir Francis Bacon.
2. Who are the two scientists in this passage as examples?
Galileo Galilei and Zhang Heng.
3. Where was Galileo Galilei from?
He was from Italy.
4. What invention did Zhang Heng make?
He invented seismograph.
5. What made Galileo and Zhang Heng become famous scientists?
They were curious and creative. They always asked why, how and what if.
Step 5 Language Points
T: Now you have understood the detailed information about this reading. But there are some phrases or sentences in this reading you don’t understand. Now I am going to explain some language points in this passage.
1. Learn from
Eg: We should learn from Lei Feng to help others all the time.
2. be satisfied with
Eg: The teacher is always satisfied with the homework this student does.
satisfy make sth/sb satisfied
Eg: Nothing satisfies him.
3. take a look at = have a look at = look at
Eg: Let’s take a look at your new car. .
4. what if = what would happen if…? 要是。。。又怎么样？
Eg: What if it rains when we are at the park?
5． all the time =always
Eg: He is a teacher all the time.
6. believe in
believe
Eg: We have to believe in ourselves when we meet problems.
Do you believe what he said?
I don’t.
7. the other way around
Eg: She told people that I stole the necklace, but in fact it is the other way around.
8. be knows as
be known for
Eg: He is known for his first novel.
He is known as a famous writer.
Step 6 Writing
T: Who is your favorite scientist?
(The students may have different answers.)
T: Now we are going to write a paragraph to describe your favorite scientist. Before you write, you should think about what you want to write. What does the reader need to know about the scientist? How can you best describe him or her? What is the most important or interesting fact about the scientist? Why do you like him or her? You can first discuss these questions in groups. Use your answers to write your paragraph. If you want to know more about him or her, you can use a library or the Internet to find more information after class. In class you should list an outline of the passage. When you write your passage, the ideas, words, and expressions on the blackboard may help you to describe a great scientist.
Step 7 Summary and Homework
T: In this class, we have reviewed the useful expressions and the important grammar – the infinitive in this unit. And we have also learned a passage about some scientist we have practised how to write a descriptive paragraph. After class go over all the important points learned in this unit and finish your writing. Class is over.
Homework: 1. Read the reading again and review the language points in this passage.
2. Finish the writing about a great scientist.
Step 8 The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
The Fifth Period
The Infinitive
I. Teaching Aims:
Summarize the usages of the Infinitive
IV. Teaching Important Points:
1. Let the students master the verbs followed directly by the infinitive and the verbs followed by the object and the Infinitive as the object complement without “to”;
2. Let the students master the Infinitive as Adverbial and Attributive;
V. Teaching Difficult Points:
1. How to help the students understand the following sentence patterns:
It is + adj./n. + for sb./ of sb. to do sth.
Sub. + V. +it + adj./n. + to do sth.
2. The perfect Infinitive and the Passive Infinitive.
3. The Negative form of the Infinitive.
IV. Teaching Methods:
Review, explanation and inductive methods
V. Teaching Aids:
1. The blackboard;
VI. Teaching Procedures
Step 1 Greetings
T: Good morning.
Ss: Good morning, Miss Wang.
Step 2 Revision
T: Yesterday we learned some useful expressions. Now let’s do a revision on them.
1. Learn from
Eg: We should learn from Lei Feng to help others all the time.
2. be satisfied with
Eg: The teacher is always satisfied with the homework this student does.
satisfy make sth/sb satisfied
Eg: Nothing satisfies him.
3. take a look at = have a look at = look at
Eg: Let’s take a look at your new car. .
4. what if = what would happen if…? 要是。。。又怎么样？
Eg: What if it rains when we are at the park?
5． all the time =always
Eg: He is a teacher all the time.
6.believe in
believe
Eg: We have to believe in ourselves when we meet problems.
Do you believe what he said?
I don’t.
7. the other way around
Eg: She told people that I stole the necklace, but in fact it is the other way around.
8. be knows as
be known for
Eg: He is known for his first novel.
He is known as a famous writer.
T: Good. Today we will review the Infinitive. First let’s do an exercise. Fill in the blanks with the best answer.
(Show the exercise on the screen.)
Choose the best answers: 1. We agreed _____ here bit so fat she has not turned up yet. A. having meet B. meeting C. to meet D. to have met 2. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _____. A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to 3. When I handed the report to john, he said that George was the person _____. A. send to B. for sending it C. to send it to D. for sending it to
T: Now look at the screen. I’ll ask three of you to tell the answers one by one. Any volunteers?
S1: The first answer is C.
S2: The second answer is A.
S3: The third answer is C.
T: Well done! Sit down please. Who can tell me the function of each infinitive in the three sentences?
S4: I can. …
Suggested answers:
1. Object
2. Object complement
3. Attributive
Step 3 Explanation and summary
T: As we all know, the infinitive is used as the object of the verb “agree” in the first sentence. Now can you think of any other verbs followed by the infinitive as their objects?
Ss: Afford, arrange, ask, beg, choose, decide, expect, fail, hope, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish and so on.
(Write them on the blackboard.)
T: very good. there are some verbs followed by either the infinitive or the doing. Do you know what they are?
Ss: like begin, continue, forget, regret, remember, start, stop, try…
T: Right. But attention please. The verbs “begin, continue, start, like, love” can be followed by either the infinitive or the doing form. And they have ht same meaning. While the verbs “forget, regret, remember, stop, try” can also be followed by the infinitive or the doing form. There are some differences between them. Now look at the examples on the screen.
(Show the screen.)
1. I like playing football, but I don’t like to play it now. 2. I remember seeing her once somewhere. 3. I must remember to take my notebooks with me.
T: From the first sentence, we know the doing form is an action in general while the infinitive is an action on a certain occasion. In the second and the third sentences, the doing form is used for a past event while the infinitive is used for a future action. Are you clear?
Ss: Yes.
T: Please translate the sentences into Chinese, one student, one sentence.
S1: 我喜欢踢足球， 但是现在不愿意。
S2: 我记得在哪里见过她。
S3: 我必须记住带上笔记本。
T: Good. When the infinitive is used as object and is followed by object complement, we often use this structure:
S. + V. + it + adj./n. + infinitive. Now please make some sentences with the structure.
S4: I thought it unnecessary to argue with him about it.
S5: He confiders it his duty to help others.
T: Very good. Which verbs do you think can be followed by the infinitive as object complement?
Ss: advise, allow, ask, want, wish, order, tell, have, make, feel, hear, watch, see…
T: Yes. Some verbs, like “advise, allow, ask, want, wish…” must be followed by the infinitive with “to”, while the verbs “have, let, make, feel, hear, watch, see…” must be followed by the infinitive without “to”. But you must not forget “to” in the passive voice. Look at the examples on the screen.
(Show the screen.)
1. We often hear her ding the folk song. =She is often heard to sing the folk song. 2. The girl wanted to go dancing, but her mother told her not to.
T: In the second sentence, “not” is put before the infinitive. To avoid repetition, the verb after the sign “to” is often omitted. But “to” can not be left out. This is done after such verbs as: want, wish, like, love, hope, plan, try, hate etc. now look at the examples on the screen.
(Show the screen.)
1. –Would you like to come to a party?-- I d like to. 2. –Have you listened to the music? -- No, but I plan to. 3. You don’t have to eat it if you don’t want to.
T: When the infinitive or the infinitive phrase is used as subject, the formal subject “it” is often used, that is, “it is +n./adj.+ infinitive”. If we need to tell who performs the action of the infinitive, we cab put “for sb.” before the infinitive. Some adjectives, such as, kind, good, wise, stupid, foolish, careless, clever…, must be followed by “of sb. to do sth”. In this case, the sentences emphasizes “person”. If we use “for sb to do sth”, it emphasizes thing. Please look at the sentences on the screen and compare them, then fill in the blanks with “of” or “for”.
(Show the exercise on the screen.)
1. It is silly ____ us to believe her. 2. It is impossible ____ her to finish the task so soon. 3. It is nice _____ you to help me. 4. It is necessary ______ us to take exercise.
(Teacher asks four students to give the answers.)
Suggested answers:
1. of 2. for 3. of 4. for
T: Now look at the sentences on the screen. Pay attention to the forms of the infinitive in the sentences.
1. She asked to be sent to work in Tibet. 2. I am glad to have seen your mother. 3. We did not expect you to be waiting for us here.
T: In the first sentence, the passive infinitive is used, which expresses a passive action. In the second sentence, we use the perfect infinitive. When do you think the perfect infinitive is used?
Ss: When the action expressed by the infinitive happens before the predicate, the perfect infinitive should be used.
T: Quite right, now look at the third sentence. The continous form of the infinitive is used. When the action is happening, we use theh continous form of the infinitive.
(to be done, to have done, to be doing)
Now let’s do an exercise:
(Show ht eexercise on the screen.)
1. I have two letters ______ today. 2. I have no letters ______ today, thank you.A. to type B. to be typed3. I would like to ______ to the cinema tonight. 4. I would like to ______ to the cinema last night. A. go B. have gone5. When his mother cane in, the little boy just pretended ______. A. to read B. to have readC. to be read D. to be reading
Suggested answers:
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D
T: Besides, the infinitive can also be used as predicate, attribute, adverbial for purpose and for a disappointing sequel. Now look at the sentences on the screen. Pay attention to the usages of the infinitive.
1. He does not seem to like the idea. 2. The boy uses a computer to play games. 3. She hurried to the station only to find the train had gone. 4. There are letters to be typed. 5. I have nothing to do. 6. Please pass me a pen to write with.
T: In the last two sentences, the meaning is passive, but the active infinitive is used. You must pay attention to it.
Step 4 Practice and Consolidation
T: Now you have known all about the infinitive. Let’s do some exercises to have a consolidation so that we can use it correctly. Please look at the screen.
Fill in the blanks with the proper forms of verbs:1. He hopes _____ (invite) to the party. 2. My wish is ______ (become) an engineer. 3. I have something important ______ (tell) you. 4. The old man made it a rule ______ (take) a walk after supper. 5. I regret ______ (tell) you that my sister regretted ______ (miss) the lecture given by Professor Li. 6. The book is said ______ (translate) into several languages. 7. The question is easy ____ (answer). 8. Let’s hurry. There is no time _____ (lose).
Suggested answers:
1. to be invited 2. to become
3. to tell 4. to take
5. to tell; telling 6. to have been translated
7. to answer 8. to lose
T: Let’s do another exercise on the screen.
Correct the following sentences: 1. English is not easy to be learned. 2. For making sure about the meaning, I looked up the word in a dictionary. 3. Please give the child something to play. 4. She does not like to praise. 5. He did everything he could save the old man.
Suggested answers:
1. to be learned → to learn
2. For making →to make
3. to play → to play with
4. to praise → to be praised
5. save → to save
Step 5 Summary and Homework
T: In this class, we have reviewed the infinitive. After class, you must remember the important points, especially the verbs and in what condition the passive infinitive and the perfect infinitive should be used. Are you clear?
Homework: 1. Finish the exercises on page 3 of the exercise book.
Step 7 The Design of the Writing on the Blackboard
篇4：NSEFC 高二Unit 5 The British Isles
Useful expressions and Structures
I. Useful expressions
reach agreement in the West mother tongue
a matter of looking at maps carefully Geography is confusing.
Are you confusing her with her sister? the basic geography
have better chances of becoming powerful have advantages over other countries
You must be mistaken. consist of be made up of
their view of British culture make the most of its cultural diversity
hold…together lie off the west coast of Europe
be separated from France by the English Channel be surrounded by
in general=generally speaking=generally throughout the year
on the European mainland move to the inland, mountainous parts of the islands
end up with go on a four-week trip through the UK
have a clear idea of the lives of common people from opposite directions
on the basis of first impressions Trade Union
two-thirds of all girls on a diet on a three-day visit
hold the view die of cancer research into breast cancer
raise a lot of money develop an interest in his fifties
as far as twenty-two miles to the west without doubt
bear fruit and grain a retired British army officer
come across an old map dating from 1424 cause a stir
II. Structures
1. The idea that England stands for Fish & Chips, Speakers’ Corner, Big Ben and the Tower of London is past.
2. I believe that you’ve got it right. (get sth right)
3. How many countries make up the British Isles?
4. The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.
5. Between Britain and Ireland, in the Irish Sea, lies the small Isle of Man.
6. The climate of the British Isles is mild with a lot of rain.
7. 1)In the summer months the difference in temperature between London and the north can be as much as nine degrees!
2)When he worked there, he could earn as much as 500 dollars a week.
3)The rain is plentiful here, often as much as 70 inches yearly.
4)In the countries of Africa, there are as many as 700 languages.
8. For the next few hundred years the upper classes spoke French while the common people spoke English.
9. Their languages formed the basis for English.
10. In 1066 England was conquered by the French.
11. It was not until 250 years later that they formed a single state.→
12. There are six spoken languages that are considered to be native to the British Isles as well as two local accents.
13. That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.
14. They realize that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.
be of great help/importance/use/interest
workshops of many sizes; students of the age(of an age); cars of the same shape
15. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
16. The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.
17. It is built where two rivers come together.
18. The city of Salisbury has two important kinds of produce and trade, which employ the poor of a great part of the country round - namely, making cloth and sheets, called Salisbury Whites.
19. Winter vacation is approaching. I can’t wait to go back home.
20. His approach to the problem is to make a list of all the pros and cons.
21. In the Boat Race Oxford beat Cambridge by a foot.
22. It is the captain of the team that lost the previous year who throws down the challenge.
23. About 400 million people all over the world watch the boat race live on TV.
24. Ireland has a mild sea climate.
25. It is no wonder that his book 1421: The Year China Discovered America caused a stir among scientists.
篇5：NSEFC 高二Unit11-Unit16必背句子
高二（下）Unit11-Unit13必背句子
Unit11 Scientific achievement
1. Whatever great achievements the future may have in store for China, it is likely that many of them will be born in northwestern Beijing.
无论中国将来会取得什么样的伟大成就，其中许多有可能诞生在北京的西北部。
2. Not all the new companies can succeed, but the spirit and creativity they represent are more important than money.
并非所有的公司都会取得成功，但是他们所体现的那种精神和创造性却比金钱更为重要。
3. The science park is also home to a growing number of overseas Chinese who have grasped the opportunity to develop their ideas at home.
越来越多的海外华人抓住机会到国内来实现他们的理想，中关村科技园也就成为了他们的基地。
4. I will never forget how happy I was when I set foot in China again and was back with my friends and family.
我永远也忘不了再次踏上中国的土地和我的朋友及亲人团聚时，那种感觉是多么的幸福。
5. He lives in Beijing and runs small company based in Zhongguancun together with two friends.
他住在北京，同两位朋友一起在中关村经营一家小公司。
6. Zhongguancun has had a positive effect on business as well as science.
中关村无论对商业还是科学都产生了积极的影响。
7. One of the mottos for the park-“Replying on science, technology and knowledge to increase economic power” -– make it clear that science and business can and must work together to build the future.
这个园的口号之一是：“依靠科学、技术和知识发展经济实力。”它阐明了科学和商业能够而且必须结合在一起共创未来。
8. We are excited about all the new technology and great ideas that are coming to life in Zhongguancun.
我们为所有这些在中关村富有活力的新技术和卓越的想法而感到激动不已。
9. In 1995, the Chinese government put forward a plan for “rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education”.
1995年，中国政府提出了“科教兴国”的规划。
10. It has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs.
它帮助中国的科学家取得了许多突破性的进展。
11. China has long been a leader in the field of genetic research aimed at improving agriculture.
在以提高农业生产为目标的基因研究领域里，中国长期以来都处于领先地位。
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
1. His father sent him to Paris to study law, but instead Verne developed his love for the theatre.
他的父亲把他送到巴黎去学法律，而他却爱上了戏剧。
2. Many of the instruments in his novels will remind the reader of Dr Benjamin Franklin’s experiments with electricity.
他的小说里的许多设备会使读者想起本杰明富兰克林博士说做的风筝实验。
3. To make a living, Verne had to write and sell stories.
为了维持生计，凡尔赛不得不写小说。
4. By taking the scientific developments of his day one step further, Verne laid the foundation of modern science fiction.
通过将他所处的时代的科学发展向前推进一步，凡尔赛奠定了现代科幻小说的基础。
5. In their efforts to survive, they find themselves on the surface of the monster itself, which turns out to be a submarine.
他们在努力求生时，却发现自己就在这头怪兽的身体表面，结果这个怪兽竟然是一艘潜水艇。
6. They were taken on board and captain Nemo decides not to kill them but make them his permanent guests.
他们被带上了潜水艇，尼莫舰长决定不杀害他们，而把他们作为他们的永久客人。
7. All that is needed for life on board comes from the ocean.
船上的一切生活生活必需品都来自海洋。
8. Dressed in diving suits, Captain Nemo and his guests walk around in this magic world, lighted by the lamps of the ships.
他们穿着潜水服行走在这神奇的世界里，船上的灯光为他们提供照明。
9. They find themselves surrounded by colourful rocks, fishes, seashells and plants, all waving and moving slowly in the blue waters.
他们发现自己的周围尽是五彩缤纷的岩石、鱼儿、海贝和水生植物。
10. He cries about the lost lives of people drowned in ships that have sunk.
他为那些因沉船而丧生的人而痛哭。
11. In the end, their raft is drawn into a fast stream and with ever increasing speed they are shot out of a volcano in southern Italy.
最后，他们的小筏子被卷进一条湍急的小溪，随着逐步加快的速度和逐步升高的气温，他们从意大利南部的一座火山中被抛射出来了。
12. I read all the books I could find that threw light upon these matters.
我读了所有我能找到并能说明这些情况的书籍。
13. I found all that was taught at university very disappointing.
我发现大学里教的课程都令人失望。
14. One of the phenomena that attracted my attention was the structure of the human body and any animal that was alive.
引起我注意的现象之一就是人体的结构和活着的动物。
15. Although I knew how to create life, how to prepare a body for it with all its muscles and organs still remained a difficult job.
尽管我知道为何创造生命，但是如何为生命准备一个具有肌肉和各种器官的躯体仍然是一项艰巨失望工作。
Unit13 The water planet
1. Put one hand on the paper and turn the glass upside down.
把一只手放到纸上，把玻璃杯倒置过来。
2. Life in the oceans ranges from the tiniest plankton all the way up to giants like sharks and whales.
海洋里的生物从微小的浮游生物到巨大的动物，如鲨鱼和鲸鱼。
3. Water is actually quite simple, but the way the water molecule is formed gives water its unique properties.
水实际上是很简单，但水分子的结构方式却赋予水独特的性质。
4. What is it that makes the ocean such a great place to live?
是什么使海洋有如此大的生存空间？
5. The two hydrogen atoms form a polar molecule, that is, one with a slightly positive end and one with a slightly negative end.
两个氢原子形成一个极性微粒，这就是说，一个极稍微偏正，另一个极稍微偏负。
6. Because water is polar, it can break down both solids and gases.
因为水是极性的，因此它能分解固体和气体。
7. The nutrients in whatever falls into ocean will quickly become available to other living creatures.
通过任何渠道进入到海洋的营养物质都能很快被其他生物所利用。
8. Marine animals and plants take advantage of the density of water.
海洋动物和植物利用了水的密度的特性。
9. The circulation adds energy to the marine ecosystems and moves nutrients around.
这种循环使海洋生态系统增加了能量，从而使营养物质向四周移动。
10. Water can absorb and give off a lot of heat without big changes in temperature, thus creating a stable environment.
水可以吸收或放出大量的热量而其温度不会变化很大，因此，能创造一个稳定的环境。
11. Most animals and plants are sensitive to large or sudden changes in temperature.
大多数的动物和植物对温度的大的或突然的改变非常敏感，
12. The most important thing we can learn about water, however, is that we must protect it and use it wisely.
然而，我们了解于水的最重要的事情是：我们必须好好保护并明智地利用它。
13. Our future depends on it.
我们的未来取决于它。
14. Scientists and students have endless opportunities to study a variety of life in the habitat.
科学家和学生有无限的机会在这块动物栖息地进行各种各样的生物研究。
15. Estuaries also contribute to economy through tourism and fishing.
河口还为人类提供了休闲和教育的场所。
Unit 14 Freedom fighters
1. In 1850 a law was made to forbid people to help runaway slaves.
在1850年，通过了一条法律禁止人们帮助逃跑的奴隶。
2. Mixed-race marriages were forbidden by law.
法律禁止异族通婚。
3. By doing this he set an example to the rest of the world.
这样做，他为全世界的其他人树立了榜样。
4. There black people had equal rights and were free to live, study and work as they wished.
在那里，黑人有平等的权利，他们可以按照自己的意愿自由地生活、学习和工作。
5. He believed that they could achieve that goal by peaceful revolution actions, not by violence.
他相信他们可以通过和平的革命行动而达到目的，不是通过暴力手段。
6. What all these groups have in common is that they ask to be treated with respect, … and be treated equally to other people, regardless of race, religion or sex.
所有这些群体的共同要求是无论任何种族、宗教信仰和性别，都应该受到尊重，享受工作权、好的居住条件、教育权和平等权。
7. There are already people wondering whether we should fight for the rights of robots and machines.
现在有人考虑，是否应该为机器和机器人的权利而斗争了。
8. But in the twentieth century organizations were formed to give a voice to speak for themselves.
但是在20世纪，成立了一些组织为无法出声说话的群体代言。
1. People struggled for the right to be free in their choice of which god to believe in.
人们为争取信仰自由而斗争。
2. A good way to come up with new ideas is to compare things that are different at the first sight.
提出新观点的一个好方法就是比较那些乍看上去不同的东西。
Unit 15 Destinations
1. You are upset about the poor service.
你对他们很差的服务质量而感到心烦。
2. I will look into it immediately.
我会立即调查此时。
3. I hate to have to say this, but they are unfriendly and impolite.
我不喜欢而不得不说，他们不太友好，且没有礼貌。
4. Every now and then we get the itch to travel.
有时，我们会渴望去旅游。
5. Should you feel the urge to pack your bags and explore what the world has to offer, you might want to consider one of the destinations below.
如果你感到有迫切的愿望打点行装去探索世界，那么，你可以考虑下列目的地中的某一个。
6. This phenomenon, sometimes called wanderlust, may explain why people spend so much time and money on trips to interesting places.
这种现象，有时叫做旅游癖，可以用来解释为什么人们会把那么多时间和金钱花在有趣的旅游场所。
7. A trip to Rio will also give you a glimpse of the happy lifestyle of the Cariocas.
到里约热内卢一趟会让你对里约热内卢人的生活方式有一个粗略的了解。
8. Visitors who get tired of the sand and the sun can cool off in one of the many cafes, shops and restaurants on the main avenue.
那些厌烦了沙滩、阳光的游客可以到主街道的许多咖啡馆、店铺和餐厅里凉快一下。
9. There is something for everyone here and few visitors leave Rio feeling disappointed.
在这里每个人都会有好玩的，几乎没有游客会扫兴地离开。
10. Located in southern Austria, Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers.
基茨比厄尔位于奥地利的南部，它是滑雪运动爱好者的天堂。
11. There is no need to worry if you have never skied before.
如果你从来没有滑过雪，也没有必要担心。
12. A walk around Kitzbuhel is a feast for eyes.
在基茨比厄尔散散步能够使你一饱眼福。
13. You can take a dip in the pool, work out at the gym or go dancing in one of the city’s many hotels and clubs.
你可以到游泳池里泡一泡，在体育馆里活动一下，或在城市里找一家宾馆或俱乐部跳跳舞。
14. Even though the altitude of the city and its surrounding Alps is not enough to guarantee snow, the good weather and breathtaking scenery make Kitzbuhel a world-class ski resort.
即使这个城市的海拔高度及其周边的高山并不能保证有雪，但是良好的天气以及令人瞠目结舌的风景，使得基茨比厄尔成为一个世界级的滑雪胜地。
15. Seasoned travelers have learned what they must bring and what they can leave at home.
有经验的旅行者知道什么东西他们需要带，什么东西可以留在家里。
Unit 16 The United States of America
1. Atlanta is known as the “Big Apple”.
亚特兰大以“大苹果”而著称。
2. Ever since the Civil War, the south has struggled to find ways to deal with its troubled past.
自内战以来，美国南部就一直在设法处理过去遗留下来的麻烦事。
3. Atlanta quickly recovered from the destruction caused by the Civil War.
亚特兰大很快就从内战的毁坏中恢复过来了。
4. Despite the hardships of the post-war years and the Great Depression, the people of Atlanta continued to develop the area, both economically and socially.
尽管战后的那些年和大萧条时期困难重重，亚特兰大的人们继续开发这个地区，经济上和社会上都有了发展。
5. The injustice led Dr King to organize non-violent demonstrations aimed at ending segregation.
不公正的制度导致金博士组织非暴力示威，目的是要结束种族隔离制度。
6. Dr King’s efforts were not in vain.
金博士的努力没有白费。
7. The city was proud to display its new images.
这座城市骄傲地展现它的新面貌。
8. The South still has many problems to deal with, but the people there are determined to make a new beginning.
美国南部仍然存在很多问题有待解决，但是那里的人们决心从头开始。
9. He insists on us showing him respect.
他坚持要求我们对他表示尊重。
10. It is impossible for the lost time to be made up.
失去的时光是不可能弥补的。
11. I want other people to leave me alone.
我希望其他人让我独自呆者。
12. Between 1850 and 1910 the bison population is thought to have fallen from 60 million to just a few hundred.
在1858年自19之间，野牛的数量被认为从6千万下降到只有几百头了。
13. This in turn had an effect on the food supply for wolves.
这有依次对狼群的食物供应产生了影响。
篇6：NSEFC 高二Unit 6 Life in the future
Useful expressions and Structures
I. Useful expressions
do business get sick get started
make people confused catch a glimpse of the future
in contemporary society make forecasts about…. make predictions about…
in urban areas energy-saving pay no/ much attention to
at an amazing 430 kilometres per hour environmentally friendly food
an advanced computer system in general keep in touch with
combine shopping with fun become a form of entertainment
to pay for their purchases use smart cards contain a tiny chip
remain active even in old age be careful about exercise regularly
schools on the air have a bright future the weather forecast
the trends of fashion on the wrist an ending to the story
to ensure safety keep us company old-fashioned e-mail
download information from her memory recognize a person’s voice
sound absurd to sb. clean up sb’s room
set a new record remain loyal/unknown to sb.
cure her of cancer the discussion topic for today
improve the quality of basic education the exact date
reform the educational system how to deal with the illness
turn challenges into opportunities adapt to the new needs
threaten the quality of life slow global warming a big issue
be faced with in the next ten years or so open up a market
become more educated specialized products modern search engines
word processing so-called generation gap carry out a reform
II. Structures
1.What will life be like in the future?
2.1)Current trends indicate that transportation is becoming cleaner, faster and safer.
2)The figures indicate that it is getting more difficult for new graduates to find a job.
3)What he said just now indicates that he knows what has happened to Jane.
3.1)E-commerce, or business done on the Internet, is becoming more and more popular as people discover the advantages of online shopping.
2)With a better understanding of the human body, scientists and physicians will be able to cure more diseases.
4.If we learn to accept change and appreciate what is new and different, we will be well-prepared for whatever the future may have in store.
5.1)You are required to pay for your purchases before you leave the supermarket.
(require sb to do sth)
2)The court required that he (should) pay the fine=The court required him to pay the fine.
法院下令他交付罚款。 (require that…)
3)This wall requires repairing. The situation requires that I (should) be there
(require + doing or noun)
6.We cannot be sure whether our dreams will come true, but we can at least be hopeful that our efforts to improve the world will be successful.
7.Scientists have not found answers to the question when man will be able to live on Mars?
8.It is reported that the earth’s surface temperature has risen about 0.4-0.8C in the past century.
9.What effects will global warming have on the earth? (have effects on
篇7：NSEFC 高二 Unit 3 Art and architecture
Useful expressions and Structures
I. Useful expressions
make certain choices works of art a shop assistant
in a modern flat a traditional house get excited about
take examples from nature go against people’s feeling of beauty
feel invited look inviting act as
lay a wooden floor put up pictures on the wall
place a table in the corner with someone’s help be decorated with
have many halls and workshops of different sizes art exhibitions
with old factories turned into successful arts centres
II. Structures
1.If you were free to design your own dream house, what would that house look like?
(主句谓语would do 从句谓语were/ did) 表示与现在或将来事实相反
2.The room was furnished with antiques.
(be furnished with furnish sth with with)
a furnished flat some pieces of furniture
3.It is also convenient to live close to your work.
4.I wouldn’t feel happy living in a block of apartments.
5.1)Modern flats are all the same.
He did me lots of kindness. I’ll do the same for him someday.
2)You can stay or leave now; it’s all the same to me. (adj.)
Thank you all the same. (adv.)
6.1)Modern buildings impress us because they are huge. (impress sb)
The film impressed me very much.
We were most impressed by/with your efficiency.
2)The manager impressed on his office staff the importance of keeping accurate records.
(impress sth. on/upon sb)
3)The impression she makes on me is that she is honest. (make/leave an impression on sb.)
7.Both in the choice of materials and shape of buildings, ancient architecture stands much closer to nature.
8.Antonio Gaudi, a Spanish architect, was the first to understand that.
9.Most of Gaudi’s works were constructed in and around Barcelona. Looking at the architecture by Gaudi is like a dream, full of fantastic colors and shapes.
10.Birds fill up the spaces between the branches of their nests with soft materials.
11.Honey is to a bee what milk is to a cow.
12.I want you to keep me informed of how things are going with you.
13.At last I succeeded in making myself understood.
14.Often these buildings are pulled down after having stood empty without use for many years.
15.1)The simple style of the buildings and the fact that they are German set them aside as very different from Chinese architecture.
2)She sets aside a bit of money every month.
3)I try to set aside a few minutes each day to do some exercises.
4)Let’s set aside my personal feelings.
16.Music bands rent space to practise.
17.1)They like these buildings because the rooms and halls are often very large, which is good for
artists who want to make large objects. (be good for…)
2)Is this kind of food good for me?
3)He/His credit is good for $5000.
篇8：NSEFC 高二Unit 4 A GARDEN OF POEMS
Useful expressions and Structures
I. Useful expressions
get through fill in the chart in the collections of poetry
human feelings be interested to do sth real passion
stand out in the halls of glory follow special patterns of rhythm and rhyme
around the time of William Shakespeare well-known for his expert advice
at a very young age light sth up United we stand, divided we fall.
Journey to the West fire at come into being
translate …into by the light of a candle recommend sth/sb to sb.
contribute …to sth a devoted daughter in charge
fall into the rhythm, the rhyme and the sounds of the words read sth aloud
II. Structures
1.More than any other form of literature, poetry plays with sounds, words and grammar. That makes poetry difficult to write, but very interesting to read.
2.1)Poetry also calls up all the colores, feelings, experiences and curious images of a dream world.
2)The sound of happy laughter calls up memories of his childhood.
3)Can you call me up this evening?
4)be called up for military service
3.China has a long history during which many of the world’s greatest poets were active.
4.1)When you have read some Chinese poems, you will have seen and heard some of the features that all good poetry shares.
2)The satellite will have circled the earth seven times by 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.
3)He will have finished the work by the time his parents get home.
5.Shakespeare is most famous for his plays.
6.Chinese readers admire his works because of his use of surprising images that reminds them of the works of poets such as Su Dongpo.
7.In the eighteenth century it was Alexander Pope who wrote the finest poetry in England.
8.The style and atmosphere in their poems has often led to comparisons with poets such as Du fu and Li Bai.
9.The introduction of English poetry to China came late.
10.Besides, no matter how well a poem is translated, something of the spirit of the original work is lost. Reading poetry in English also opens the door to finding new ways of expressing yourself in Chinese.
11.Reading poems takes a bit of work, but it is well worth the effort.
12.Poetry contributes to a higher quality of life.
13.It was not until the twentieth century that modern poetry developed.
篇9：NSEFC 高二下学期英语词汇双解及用法
SBIIB
Unit 11 Scientific achievements
Words and expressions
solar adj. 太阳的；利用太阳能的
solar energy 太阳能
giant adj. very big 巨大的
There are two giant pandas in the zoo. 在动物园里有两只大熊猫。
n. a man of very great size and strength 巨人；巨物
The whale is the giant of the sea. 鲸是海洋中的庞然大物。
leap v. jump; jump over 跳；跳跃 (leaped, leapt; leaped, leapt)
Can you leap the wall? 你能跳过墙吗？
n. the act of leaping; a jump or spring 跳跃
A frog gave a leap. 青蛙跳了一步。
mankind n. the human race 人类
It will bring peace to all mankind. 它会给全人类带来和平。
constitution n.[c] the fundamental principles of a nation that determine the powers and duties of the government and guarantee certain rights to the people 宪法
The constitution was adopted. 宪法被通过。
eureka int. 我发现了!
man vt. get enough people for a job给…提供人员；配备人手；操纵
We need twelve people to man the ship. 我们需要十二人以配足此船的人手。
hi-tech Z X n. =high technology 高科技；高技术
support v. keep something or someone up; hold the weight of something支持；支撑
That small chair isn't strong enough to support that heavy man.
那把小椅子经不住那个大胖子。
v. give food, clothes, and a home to someone 供养；养活
He has a wife and fifteen children to support. 他要养活妻子和十五个孩子。
n.[u] supporting someone or something; thing that gives support支持
We cheered to show support for our team. 我们欢呼以表示对我们队的支持。
n.[u] 供养 means of maintenance
He's the only support that his poor old mother has. 他那可怜的老母亲只靠他一个人瞻养。
daily adj. happening every day 每日的；日常的
There is a daily train service. 每日均通车。
adv. every day 每日；每天
I clean my teeth twice daily. 我每天刷两次牙。
n. newspaper published every day or every week day每日或每周日出版的报纸，日报
Have you read today's China Daily? 你读过今天的《中国日报》吗？
achieve vt. do or finish something well after trying hard 实现；获得
In order to achieve the four modernizations we must carry on our technical revolution.
为了实现四个现代化，我们必须进行技术革命。
likely adj. probably, expected to happen 很可能的；有希望发生的
It's likely that I shall go to Shanghai tomorrow. 很可能明天我要去上海。
economic adj. connected with the producing and distributing of wealth经济的
Beijing is the political, economic and cultural centre of China.
北京是中国的政治、经济和文化中心。
zone n. an area of ground (especially in a town) 地区（特别指在城镇）；地带
A war zone is a district where fighting is going on. 战区就是进行战争的地方。
private adj. concerning one or a few people only -- not people in general; not public私人的；个人的
Your letters are your private property. 你的信件是你的私有物。
institute n. group of people who often meet for a special reason, to talk or do something together学会；学院；研究所
There is an exhibition held by the Institute of Modern Art. 现代艺术协会正举办一个展览。
grasp vt. to take with or as with the hand(s); understand 抓住
Grasp my hand and I will pull you over the wall. 抓住我的手，我就把你拉过墙来。
vt. understand 掌握领会；理解
When you listen, you must try to grasp the main point. 你听的时候一定要努力抓住要点。
master n. chief man head of the family主人
The Chinese people have become masters of their country.
中国人民已经成为自己国家的主人。
vt. learn how to do something掌握；精通
We don't think it too difficult to master a foreign language. 我们认为学好一种外语不太难。
perfect adj. completely correct and good; with nothing wrong 完美的；极好的
She speaks perfect English. 她说得一口极好的英语。
arrange vt. make a plan 安排；筹划
Can you arrange a visit to the exhibition? 你能安排一次参观展览会吗？
vt. put things in a nice, neat way 整理；布置
set foot (in) 到达；进入；踏上
have an effect on 对……产生作用；对……有效果
Lenovo [liXnRuvRu] n. 联想公司
Founder n. 方正公司
rely vi. depend on; trust upon依赖；信赖；指望
We rely on our own hands. 我们靠自己的双手。
rely on vt.
failure n. the fact of failing. something which fails失败
Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
come to life 苏醒过来；(变得)活跃
silicon: n. 硅
valley n. low land, usually with a river, between hills or mountains山谷；峡谷；凹地
the valley of the Nile 尼罗河峡谷
base n. place to start from and go back to 基地；根据地
That pilot travels all over the world but London is his base.
那位飞行员飞遍全世界，但伦敦是他的基地。
n. the lowest part of anything 基础；底部
The column stands on a narrow base. 柱子竖立在狭窄的地基上。
agency n. 机构；代理(处)
organ n. a part of a plant or animal which serves some special purpose 器官
The eyes, stomach, heart, and lungs are organs of the body.
眼睛、胃、心脏和肺都是身体的器官。
forward adv. to the front向前；朝前方
History is moving forward(s). 历史在前进。
put forward propose (a demand, a fact, a plan, a suggestion, etc.) 提出；建议
Who put forward this new theory? 这个新理论是谁提出的？
rejuvenate vt. 使<人>返老还童；使…恢复活力
He was rejuvenated by his trip. 旅行使他恢复了活力。
breakthrough n. 重大突破；突围
This is a major breakthrough in computer technology. 这是电脑技术上的一大突破。
impressive adj. deeply impressing the mind and feelings给人深刻印象的
He has a very impressive manner. 他的态度予人以深刻的印象。
march vi. walk like a soldier 行军；前进
The soldiers marched over the bridge. 士兵在桥上行进。
n.[c] long walk长途跋涉；行军
The Red Army covered 25,000 li on their Long March. 红军在长征中行军二万五千里。
aim v. point a gun, etc. at something or someone 瞄准
Peter aimed the gun at the bird, but did not fire. 彼得用枪瞄准鸟，但没有开枪。
aim (sth) at direct against 瞄/对准；针对
In saying this I am not aiming at you. 我说这话可不是针对你的。
announce vt. to make known publicly 宣布/告；发表
The news was announced by Radio Beijing. 这消息由北京（英语）广播电台发表了。
genome n. 基因组；染色体组
evolution n.[u] the way in which the development of living things from a few simple forms of life, or from a single form, has taken place 进化；发展
The teacher is explaining the theory of evolution to the students.
老师正在给学生们解释进化论。
byte n. 字节；比特
humanoid adj. 有人的特点的
element n.[c] any of the more than 100 simplest materials that make up all substances（化学）元素
Gold, iron and tin are elements. 金，铁和锡是化学元素。
n.[c] a necessary part要素；成分
Cells are the elements of living bodies. 细胞是有机体的组成部分。
battle n. a big fight between armies 战役；战斗
No one was killed in that battle. 那次战斗中无一人阵亡。
n. trying very hard to do something that is not easy斗争；奋斗
The doctors had a battle to save Jon's life. 为抢救乔恩的生命，医生们进行了艰苦的工作。
strategy n. 战略；策略
Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
Words and expressions
fiction n. 小说；虚构
Fact [Truth] is stranger than fiction. (谚) 事实奇于小说。
belief n. sure feeling that something is true 信念；信仰；相信
She has lost her belief in religion. 她已不信仰宗教了。
league n. a unit of distance equal to 3.0 statute miles (4.8 kilometers)
里格 [长度单位，相当于3.0法定英里（4.8公里）]
n. group of persons or nations together for common goal联盟；社团
Are they League members? 他们是团员吗？
balloon n. bag that becomes bigger when filled with air or with gas and can float in the sky 气球
bulb n. 球状物；球茎；灯泡
make a living 谋生
botany n.[u] 植物学
apply v. use; put into practice应用；运用
We should apply theory to practice. 我们应当把理论运用到实践中去。
v. ask for 申请；请求
He applies to the consul for a visa. 他向领事申请签证。
applied adj.应用的；实用的
applied science 应用科学
foundation n. the act of starting the building of something 基础
Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy. 农业是国民经济的基础。
n. the action of founding, establishing； placing on a basis建立
the foundation of a new school 创办一所新学校
servant n. someone who works in another person's house, cooking, cleaning, etc.
仆人；公务员；雇员
We should always be the servants of the people. 我们应该永远做人民的勤务员。
whale n.[c] a large fish like animal which lives in the sea 鲸
The whale is the largest animal in the world. 鲸是世界上最大的动物。
hunter n. someone who chases wild animals for food or sport猎人；搜索者
set out begin a journey; start 启程；出发；开始
We set out for the Western Hills at 10:30. 我们十点半出发去西山。
collision n. 碰撞[with, against]
His car had a collision with a truck. 他的车子与货车相撞。
n. (利害、意见、目的等的)不一致；冲突
come into collision (with...) (与…) 冲突/抵触/对立
companion n. someone who is with another person同伴；同伙
She seemed to be the companion of the young man. 她似乎是那青年的伴侣。
overboard adv. over the side of a ship or boat into the water向船外；从船上落（或抛）到水时
Don't throw that box overboard. 别把那只箱子抛入水中。
submarine n. ship that can travel under the sea 潜水艇
Some submarines carry many men and stay underwater for several weeks.
有些潜水艇能装很多人，并在水下呆好几个星期。
permanent adj. 永久的；固定的
permanent residence 永久住处
guest n. a visitor, someone whom you have invited客人；旅客
They are expecting a guest to dinner. 他们在等一位客人来吃饭。
voyage n. sea journey 航海；航行；航空
He made a voyage to Japan. 他航行至日本。
iron n.[u] strong hard metal 铁
Strike while the iron is hot. （谚）趁热打铁。
aboard prep. On, in, or into a ship(aeroplane,train, etc.)在船（飞机、火车）上；上船（飞机、火车）
They went aboard the ship. 他们上了船。
adv.
It's time to go aboard. 上船（飞机等）的时间到了。
lamp n.[c] thing that gives light灯
He worked for a whole night with the lamp lighted. 他点着灯，整整工作了一夜。
dislike vt. not to like, to hate 不喜欢；讨厌
I dislike being alone. 我不喜欢独居。
n.[c] a feeling of not liking 不喜欢；讨厌
I took a dislike to him. 我讨厌他。
prisoner n. a man who is locked in a prison 囚犯；俘虏
gentle adj. kind and friendly 温和的；温柔的
Mothers are gentle with their babies. 母亲对婴儿总是温柔体贴的。
adj. that moves softly; that feels soft轻柔的；柔和的
The gentle breezes rustled through the leaves. 微风穿过树叶吹了过来。
Iceland n. 冰岛
layer n. a thickness of some material which is laid on or spread over a surface层；地层
I have three layers of blankets on my bed in winter. 我冬天在床上铺三层毯子
marble n.[u] hard stone for statues and special buildings大理石(制品)
The temple had a marble floor. 教堂有大理石地板。
shore n. ground next to the sea or a big lake 岸；滨
The ship stopped a little way off the shore. 船停在离岸不远的地方。
luggage (总称)行李 =(美)baggage
three pieces of luggage 三件行李
in public where other people are, openly 当众；公开地
She is too shy to sing in public. 她很腼腆，不敢在众人面前唱歌。
throw light upon/on 阐明，使……明白/清楚
The fact throws light on the problem. 事实说明了这个问题。
brilliant adj. very clever 非常聪明的；才华横溢的
She is a brilliant student. 她是一个有才华的学生。
adj. very bright 光辉的；辉煌的；耀眼的
She is wearing a brilliant jewels. 她戴着耀眼的珠宝。
phenomenon n.[c] 现象；奇迹 (pl. phenomena )
A rainbow is a natural phenomenon. 彩虹是自然现象。
labour n.[u] hard work that you do with your hands 劳动；努力
It is necessary for us to take part in physical labour. 我们参加体力劳动是十分必要的。
hesitate v. to stop and consider before an action犹豫；踌躇
If you hesitate too much, you'll lose the game.
如果你太犹豫，你就会输掉这一局（游戏、球类等）。
creation n.[u] making something 创造；建立
The creation of new playground will benefit the local children.
新游乐场的建立将给当地的孩子带来益处。
horror n.[u] great fear or dislike恐惧；恐怖
She ran away in horror from the snake. 她很恐怖地跑了，躲开那条蛇。
horrible adj. making one very afraid, very sad, of shocked 可怕的；恐怖的
Murder is a horrible crime. 谋杀是一种恐怖的罪行。
grave n. the place where a dead person is put in the ground 墓穴；坟墓
Is there life beyond the grave? 人还有来生吗？
cut up cut small; cut into pieces 切碎；切成小块
The cook is cutting up the meat. 厨子正在切肉。
butcher n. a man who sells meat卖肉者；屠夫
He is a butcher by trade. 他的职业是屠夫。
curtain n. piece of cloth that hangs in front of a window or a door 窗帘；门帘
Will you draw the curtain? 请你拉上窗帘好吗？
n. a large piece of heavy cloth which separates the stage of a theatre from the audience（舞台上）幕
The curtain dropped on the last scene. 幕在最后一场拉了下来。
lip n. one of the two soft front edges of the mouth 嘴唇；唇状物
She had a cigarette between her lips. 她嘴里叼着一支香烟。
brainstorm n. a sudden clever plan or idea 突然的灵感；突然想到的妙计/好办法 =brainwave(英)
vt. engage in or organize shared problem solving 献计献策
think of or produce (a solution to a problem, for example) by this method. 想出办法
Unit 13 The water planet
Words and expressions
cube n.[c] solid shape with six square sides 块；立方形
He bought a jin of cube sugar yesterday. 他昨天买了一斤方糖。
sailor n. someone who helps to control a boat or ship船员；水手；水兵
The sailors landed on Dalian. 海员在大连上岸。
mariner n.[c] <书>船员；水手 (=sailor)
benefit vt. help someone or something; make someone better, happier, etc.获益；对…有利；使……受益
The fresh air will benefit you. 新鲜空气对你有益。
benefit from be helped by something 受益于
You will benefit from experience. 你一定会从经验中获得益处。
n.[u] anything which is for the good of a person or thing; an advantage; profit 利益；裨益
He gave us the benefit of his advice. 他的劝告对我们很有好处。
transport v. carry people or goods from one place to another运送；运输
They transported the bricks in a lorry. 他们用卡车运砖。
n.[u] carrying people or things from one place to another 运送；运输
We hired a van for transport. 我们雇了一辆货车运东西。
property n. the special and peculiar character of a thing 特性；性质
One property of steel is its hardness. 坚固是钢的特性之一。
n. a thing owned, possessions所有物；财产
Those books are my property. 那些书是我的东西。
range vi. vary within specified limits(在一定范围内)变动；变化
ages that ranged from two to five 两岁至五岁年龄段
n. 范围
beyond the range of human understanding 超越人类理解的范围
plankton n. 浮游生物
all the way 一直；一路上
molecule n. the smallest possible portion of a substance that can exist in the free state分子
A molecule is a thousand times bigger than an atom of hydrogen.
一个分子比一个氢原子大一千倍。
unique adj. 唯一的
This is a unique example of this word before 1800.
这是此一单字在 1800 年前被用过的唯一例子。
adj. 独特的；特有的
Every individual is unique. 每一个人都有他的特色。
hydrogen n. a gas without color, taste, or smell, that combines with oxygen to form water, symbol H 氢
Water, you know, is made up of hydrogen and oxygen. 你知道，水是由氢和氧构成的。
atom n. the smallest piece of a simple substance 原子
According to the theory of atoms all elements consist of atoms.
根据原子理论，所有的元素都是由原子所组成的。
oxygen n.[u] gas in the air that we must breathe to go on living氧；氧气
Oxygen is necessary for all forms of life. 氧气是一切生命所不可缺少的。
relative adj. considered with other things; comparative相对的；比较而言的
All things are relative. 一切事物都是相对的。
solid n.[c] a solid thing 固体
Most solids are heavier than liquids. 大多数的固体比液体重。
adj. hard; not liquid or gas 固体的；坚硬的
Ice is solid water. 冰是固态的水。
freezing adj. 冰冻的；极冷的
freezing weather 严寒的天气
n 冰点
below freezing 在冰点以下
salinity n. 含盐量；盐度
dissolve vt. reduce to liquid form by putting into a liquid; cause to melt溶解；使溶化
Sugar dissolves in water. 糖在水里会溶解。
pure adj. totally clean; not mixed with any other thing纯净的
This water is pure-you can drink it. 这水是洁净的-你可以喝。
gramme n. 克(重量单位=gram)
density n. 密度；浓度
population density 人口密度
relationship n. 关系；联系；亲属关系
The United States has good relationships with most countries in the world.
美国与世界上大多数国家关系良好。
mass n. (物体的) 质量
the law of conservation of mass 质量守恒定律
n.[c] crowd; many things or people together块；团；堆
There were masses of dark clouds in the sky. 天空布满团团乌云。
n.[c] a large quantity or number together大量
There was/were a mass of children in the yard. 在庭院里有很多孩子。
I've masses of work to do. 我有大量工作要去做。
volume n.[u] amount of space that something fills; amount of space in something
容积；容量；体积
Matter has volume. 物质有体积。
cubic adj. 立方的；立方形的
cubic content 容积；体积
kilogram n. (略作 kg.) a measure of weight（重量单位）公斤；千克
There are 1000 grams in a kilogram. 一公斤等于一千克。
float vt & i. to stay on the surface of a liquid (使)漂浮
They floated timber down the stream. 他们把木材顺水漂下去。
Cork floats on water. 软木漂浮在水上。
n. anything that floats on a liquid漂流物；浮物
float bridge 浮桥
take advantage of use someone or something to help oneself 利用
Peter took advantage of his visit to Paris to improve his French.
彼得利用访问巴黎之机提高法语。
decrease vi. become smaller, fewer, etc. 减少；减小
They tried to decrease the costs. 他们设法降低成本。
capacity n.[u] number of things or people that can fit into a place容量；容纳
The seating capacity of this hall is 300. 这个大厅能坐三百人。
n.[u] being able to understand or do something能力；才能
Gavin has the capacity to add numbers quickly in his head. 盖文能很快地做心算加法。
substance n. sort of thing; material物质；东西
Stone is a hard substance. 石头是硬的东西。
n. the chief ideas of a speech or book主旨；大意
The substance of what he said is that we have too little money.
他讲话的大意是我们的钱太少了。
centigrade adj. 摄氏的
Water boils at 100°Centigrade. 水在100摄氏度时煮沸。
absorb vt. to take or suck in, eg water, heat, light, etc. 吸收（水、热、光等）
The heat is absorbed by the water. 热量被水吸收了。
vt. take (learning; knowledge) into the mind 吸收（学问、知识）
He absorbed the point of view of his teacher. 他接受了老师的观点。
vt. to take up all the attention of吸引注意力
His task absorbs him. 他的工作占了他全副精神。
give off emit, send out 发出；放出
The gas gave off an unpleasant smell. 这种气体散发出一种不好闻的味道。
thus adv. for that/ this reason 因此；所以
Thus we see that plants need light. 因此，我们知道了植物需要阳光。
stable adj. firm; not likely to move 稳定的；安定的
He needs a stable job. 他需要固定的工作。
sensitive adj. feeling things quickly and deeply; that one can be easily hurt敏感的；容易生气的
Don't shout at her----she's very sensitive. 别对着她大声喊，她很敏感。
steady adj. not moving; firm 稳固的；平稳的
Hold the ladder steady while I stand on it. 我站在梯子上时，请你把它扶住。
motion n.[u] moving移动；运动
Their study group is in motion. 他们的学习小组正在活动。
dense adj. with many things or people close together 密集的；稠密的
There was a dense crowd at the match. 比赛场上有密集的人群。
trust n.[u] faith; believing that someone or something is good, strong, right, honest, etc. 信赖；信任
I put no trust in his words. 我不相信他的话。
call in ask to come or go in叫…进来；叫…进去
I waited for only two minutes before I was called in. 我只等了两分钟就被叫进去了。
invite: summon 邀请召来；召集
He called all the workers in for a conference. 他召集全体工人开会。
Let's call in a doctor for the baby. 让我们请上医生来瞧瞧这孩子吧。
nursery n. a place where children are looked after 托儿所；保育室
The child goes to a nursery while his mother is at work. 当妈妈工作的时候，孩子上托儿所。
estuary n.[c] 河口
the Thames estuary 泰晤士河河口
tide n. the rise and fall of the sea caused by the moon 潮
The tide is coming in. 潮在上升。
n. a time or season 时；季
Time and tide wait for no man. (prov.) Tide passes quickly,so do not delay taking action.
（谚）岁月不饶人
mammal n. any of the class of animals which feed their young with milk from the breast哺乳动物
Whale is not a fish; it is a mammal. 鲸不是鱼类，它是一种哺乳动物。
reproduce vi. <动植物>生殖；繁殖
Most plants reproduce by seed. 大多数植物靠种子繁殖。
pollutant n. 污染物；污染源
erosion n.[u] 【地质】腐蚀；侵蚀
wind erosion 风蚀作用
recreation n. 娱乐；消遣
play golf for recreation 打高尔夫球娱乐
a variety of 种种；各种
gallon n. a measure of liquid 加仑（液体单位）
One gallon is eight pints, or 4.5 litres. 一加仑等于八品脱或四升半。
define vt. 给 <字词、概念等> 下定义；解释
define a word 给单词下定义
vt. 限定 <界限、范围等>
Boundaries between countries should be clearly defined. 国与国之间的边界应该划分清楚。
Unit 14 Freedom fighters
Words and expressions
freedom n.[u] the state of being free 自由
In 1863 Lincoln gave freedom to all American slaves.
1863年林肯使美国所有的奴隶都获得了自由。
civil adj. belong to the people of a place 公民的；市民的；民用的
He is a civil servant. 他是公务员。
adj. within the same country 国内的
the American Civil War 美国南北战争
the Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖
murder vt. to kill a person against the law 谋杀；凶杀
Macbeth murdered the king with a knife. 麦克白斯用刀子杀死了国王。
n.[c] the act of murdering 谋杀，杀害
They investigated the murder. 他们调查了这件杀人事件。
youth n. [u]the time when you are young 青年；青年时期；少年时期
In my youth I played football. 我在年轻的时候踢足球。
n.[c] boy or young man 少年；青年；小伙子
As a youth he showed no promise of becoming a great pianist.
少年时，他未显示将来可成为一个伟大的钢琴家。
n. young men and women (总称)青年们；青年男女
The youth of today are very lively. 现在的青年充满生气。
prison n. place where they lock up criminals 监狱；牢房
The judge sent the thief to prison for a year. 法官判决监禁小偷一年。
put …in prison 把……投进监狱
The police put the criminal in prison. 警察把犯人关进了监狱。
Negro n. (pl. Negroes) a member of the black skinned races 黑人
American Negroes 美国黑人
revolution n. total change in the way of doing things 革命；彻底变革
The revolution brought happiness to the people. 革命给人民带来了幸福。
join hands join with another in a certain action etc.携手；联手；合伙
Let's join hands in the business. 让我们在业务上通力合作。
slavery n. the system of having slaves 奴隶制度
But in the South, slavery went on. 但在南方，奴隶制度仍在继续。
n. the state of being a slave 奴隶身份
They lived in slavery. 他们过奴隶生活。
runaway adj. 逃跑的；失控的
a runaway child 离家出走的小孩 a runaway horse 脱缰之马
n.[c] 逃跑者
the Civil War (美国)内战
moulder: vi. 腐朽；崩碎 vt. 使腐朽 =molder
soul n.[c] one's spirit; the part of one that does not die with one's body灵魂；心灵
His heart and soul were still in the classroom. 他的心仍然在课堂上。
chorus n. a group of singers who sing together 合唱(团)
n. a musical composition to be sung by all singers together 合唱曲
n. a group of singers and dancers 合唱歌舞队
hallelujah, halleluiah [ZhBliXlUjR] interj.（感叹词）哈利路亚(used to express praise or joy
表示赞美或欢乐)
arrest vt. make someone a prisoner by law; catch someone who has done a bad thing逮捕；捉住
The policeman arrested the thief. 警察逮捕了那个小偷。
n. seizing 逮捕
The police made an arrest last night. 昨晚警察逮捕了一个人。
separation n. breaking or coming apart 分开；分离；隔离
His separation from his friends made him very sad. 他和朋友分别使他十分难受。
race n. group of people of the same sort with the same colour of skin. etc.人种；种族；民族
There are many races of people in the world. 世界上有许多种族。
marriage n. an act of marrying婚姻；结婚
Marriage is a serious business. 婚姻是件大事。
forbid v. not to allow, to say that someone must not do something禁止；不许
(forbade, forbad; forbidden, forbid)
Smoking is forbidden. Put out your cigarette. 禁止吸烟，把烟灭掉。
vote n. expression of opinion or will by persons for or against sb. or sth. esp. by ballot or by putting up hands 投票；选举
The person who receives the most votes is elected. 得票最多的人当选。
v. make a choice or decision at a meeting or election投票选举；表决
Lots of them had no right to vote. 那时许多人没有选举权。
political adj. of government 政治（上）的
A political party is a group of people who have the same ideas about the government of their country.
政党就是对如何治理他们的国家持有相同观点的一批人。
set an example to sb 为某人作出榜样
He has set us a good example. 他为我们树立了好榜样。
demand vt. to ask very strongly for something要求
The policeman demanded that the gate should be shut. 警察命令把大门关上。
He demanded to see the editors. 他要求见编辑。
vt. need something 需要
This work demands care and patience. 这工作需要细心和耐心。
vt. ask 问
n. the act of demanding, wanting something要求；需求
Our supply can fully meet the demand. 我们的供应可以充分满足要求。
Alabama n. (美国)阿拉巴马州
boycott vt./n. 抵制；联合抵制
lawyer n. someone whose job is to help people with the law or talk for them in court律师
He studies law in his spare time and became a lawyer. 他业余时间研究法律，成了律师。
demonstration n. group of people walking or standing together in public to show that they feel strongly about something 游行；示威
On Wednesday morning they had a mass demonstration
星期三上午他们举行了群众示威游行。
n. a clear proof 证明
The teacher gave us a demonstration that the earth is round.
老师给了我们地球是圆的一项证明。
racial adj.种族(间)的；由种族引起的
racial discrimination/segregation/prejudice 种族歧视/隔离/偏见
discrimination n.[u]歧视
racial [sexual] discrimination 种族[性别]歧视
n.[u] 区别; 识别
Vietnam n. 越南
act n. law that parliament has made法令；条例
The Company Act was passed. 公司条例被通过了。
bill n.[c] plan for a new law议案；法案
The bill has been carried. 议案已被通过。
From then on 从/自那以后
From then on Bashi toured three-fourths of Beijing. 自那以后，八喜逛了大半个北京城。
politics n. (sing in use) the management of political affairs, the science and art of government 政治；政治学
We study politics, Chinese, English, maths, geography and other lessons.
我们学习政治、语文、英语、数学、地理和其他课程。
n. political principles or opinions政见
What are your politics? 你的政见是什么？
religion n. a belief in or worship of God or gods宗教；宗教信仰
He doesn't believe in religion. 他不信教。
start with begin with; have as a beginning or at the beginning; take the form of at the beginning以…开始；从…着手
A thousand li journey starts with the first step. 千里之行，始于足下。
in the first place; first and fore most; at the beginning, initially首先；第一
To start with, we have the correct leadership of the Party. 首先，我们有党的正确领导。
independence n. the state of being independent独立；自主
When did India get her independence from Britain? 印度什么时候脱离英国获得独立的？
unconditional adj. 无条件的；绝对的
unconditional surrender 无条件投降
abolish v. 废除；取消
prejudice n. 偏见；歧视；成见
have a prejudice against [in favor of]... 对…有偏见 [偏爱]
regardless adv. In spite of everything; anyway无论如何；不管；不顾
I must make the decision regardless. 不管怎样我得做决定。
regardless of 不管…的；不顾…的
He says what he thinks, regardless of other people's feelings.
他怎么想就怎么说，不考虑别人的情绪。
chapter n. part of a book（书的）章；回；篇
A chapter is a main division of a book. 章是一本书的一个大的划分单位。
ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的；可笑的
It is ridiculous for you to fool about that way. 你那样地混日子实在荒唐。
at first sight 乍一看；初见之下
viewpoint n.[c] 观点；看法
I look at this problem from a different viewpoint. 我从不同的观点来看这个问题。
Unit 15 Destinations
Words and expressions
complaint n. the act of complaining 抱怨；投诉
He didn't like the meal so he made a complaint to the manager of the restaurant.
他不喜欢这顿饭，所以他向餐馆经理抱怨了一通。
Iraq n. 伊拉克(西亚国家)
Greenland n. 格陵兰(岛)
upset adj. worried心烦的；苦恼的；担心的
Mother will be upset if we don't let her know where we are.
我们要是不让妈妈知道我们在那里，她会放心不下的。
airline e n. business with aeroplanes that carry people or goods航线；航空公司
When I fly to New York I always use the same airline.
我飞往纽约时经常乘同一个公司的飞机。
fly n. an insect with two wings苍蝇
Flies buzz. 苍蝇嗡嗡叫。
look into study something carefully调查；研究；观察
He has promised to look into the matter. 他已经答应对这个问题进行调查。
every now and then 不时地
itch n. an uneasy longing or desire for anything 渴望
He has an itch for writing a book. 他渴望着著书立说。
vi. have a feeling on the skin that makes you want to scratch 发痒
She itched all over. 她浑身发痒。
wanderlust n.[u] 流浪癖；旅行癖；旅行热
have wanderlust 有流浪癖
stretch vt. hold out; put out; extend伸展；伸张；展开
He stretched out his arm and took down a book. 他伸出胳膊，取下一本书。
vi. have elastic properties; extend; lie spread out伸展；延伸；延续；连绵
The fields stretched as far as the eye could see. 田野一望无际。
lifestyle X n. 生活方式
downtown adj. 商业地区的；闹区的；市中心的
downtown New York 纽约的商业区
n.[c] 商业区；闹区
princess n. daughter of a king or queen; wife of a prince公主；王妃
get/be tired of become sick of 对…厌烦；对…失去兴趣
I'm tired of hearing it. 这我都听烦了。
cool off become or make cool 变凉；凉却
He had a shower to cool himself off. 他洗了个淋浴，凉快一下。
become or make less excited or interested冷静下来；使兴趣减低
Mary has cooled off about him. 玛丽对他已经冷淡下来了。
avenue n.[c]大街；林荫大道
an avenue of poplars 白杨树的林荫大道
Carnival n. festival; time when many people come together in streets for dancing, singing, etc. 狂欢节；狂欢
Austria n. 奥地利(欧洲国家)
paradise n.[u] heaven 天堂
n.[u] place where you are totally happy 乐园；极乐世界
a paradise for tourists 旅游者的乐园
skier n. person who skis 滑雪者
altitude n. 纬度；高度；海拔
guarantee vt. 保证；确保
This watch is guaranteed for five years. 这只手表保用五年。
This insurance guarantees you against/from loss in case of fire.
这项保险保证你在发生火灾时不受金钱上的损失。
I wouldn't guarantee its success. 我不敢保证它会成功。
resort n.[c] place that many people visit for holidays度假的地方；旅游胜地；常去之地
Da Lian is a seaside resort. 大连是海滨休假胜地。
downhill adv. to a lower place 向下；倾斜
A bicycle can go fast downhill. 自行车下坡时可以跑得很快。
adj. having or following a downward slope; descending下山的；下来的
It is all downhill work. 这都是顺坡而下的（或省力的）工作。
gather v. meet; come together in a group 聚集；集合
A lot of people gathered in the street. 很多人聚集在街上。
v. bring people or things together采集；收集
The children are gathering flowers in the wood. 孩子们在树林里采集花朵。
feast n.[c] a splendid meal prepared for some special occasion, a banquet盛宴；宴会
He made a speech at the wedding feast. 他在结婚宴会上演说。
n.[c] something that gives pleasure or joy 赏心乐事
The scene was a feast for the eyes. 令人赏心悦目的情景。
dip vt. put something into liquid. for a short time and then take it out again浸；蘸；泡
He dipped his pen into the ink. 他拿钢笔蘸墨水。
gym n. 体育馆；健身房
analyze vt. 分析
In the laboratory we are required to analyze specimens. 我们必须在实验室分析标本。
chat n.[c] friendly talk (usu. about unimportant thing) 闲谈；聊天
Let's have a chat. 咱们聊聊吧。
v. talk in a friendly way 闲谈；聊天
They chatted with each other. 他们在一起聊天。
budget n. 预算；预算案/额；经费，
rate n. the amount of one thing measured in relation to another 比率；率
What's the rate between dollars and pounds today? 今天美元和英镑间的兑换率是多少？
n. speed速度
The train was going at the rate of 95 kilometres an hour.火车正以每小时95公里的速度前进。
n. a price价格
be sold at a high (low) rate 以高（低）价出售
vi. be classed in a certain rate or grade 被评价；被认为
My daughter rated very high in her class. 我的女儿在班里评价很高。
visa n.[c] 签证
an entry [exit] visa 入境 [出境] 签证
apply for a visa for the United States 申请到美国的签证
arrangement n. something arranged安排
Have you made arrangements to sell your house? 你卖房子的事做好安排了吗？
n. the act of arranging整理；布置
The arrangement of a large library takes a long time. 布置一家大图书馆非常费时间。
n. plans; preparations 计划；准备
I have made arrangements for my journey to England. 我已准备好了到英格兰去旅行。
passport n. important little book with your name, photograph, etc. that shows which country you come from 护照
carry a passport 持有护照
cheque n. special piece of paper that you write on, telling a bank to pay money to someone for you 支票 （=[美]check)
I haven't enough cash--will you take a cheque? 我的现金不够，开张支票给你行吗？
photocopy n. 复印(件) vt. 复印
current n. 货币；通货
Rio de Janeiro n. 里约热内卢(巴西港市)
cariocas s n. 里约热内卢人
Alps n. 阿尔卑斯山脉(欧洲)
Copacabana [ZkRupRkRXbA:nR] n. 科帕卡巴纳(巴西著名海滩)
Kitzbuhel [Xkitsbjul] n. 基茨比厄尔(奥地利城市)
Unit 16 The United States of America
Words and expressions
Manhattan n. 曼哈顿岛((美国纽约市 (New York City) 内之一岛))；
曼哈顿区((以该岛为中心之纽约市一行政区 (borough) , 为该市主要商业地区))
Atlanta n. 亚特兰大(美国城市)
Mississippi n. 密西西比河；密西西比州
Ellis [Xelis] Island n. 艾利斯岛
entry n. 进入；入场
The army made a triumphant entry into the city. 军队凯旋入城。
n. (字典等所收的)字；词条 (又作entry word)
This dictionary has sixty thousand entries. 这本字典有六万字。
mental adj. of the mind脑力的；思想上的；精神上的
mental labour 脑力劳动 mental illness 精神病
physical adj. of things that you can see, touch, etc. 物质的
Science is the study of physical things. 自然科学是研究物质的科学。
adj. of the body 身体的
Regular exercise keeps him in good physical condition. 经常锻炼使他身体强壮。
adj. belonging to the science of physics 物理学的
This change of state is a physical change and not a chemical one.
这种状态的变化是物理变化，而不是化学变化。
depression n.[u] time when business is depressed 萧条；不景气
Many men lost their jobs during the business depression. 在商业萧条时期很多人都失业了。 n.[u] being depressed; low spirits 沮丧
She is in a state of deep depression. 她处于深深的沮丧状态之中。
suffering n. pain; hardship; sorrow 痛苦；苦难
The doctor quickly relieved the girl's suffering. 医生很快地解除了那个女孩的痛苦。
greedy adj. wanting too much 贪婪的；馋
He is greedy of /for money. 他很贪钱。
greed n.[u] 贪心; 贪婪[for]
greed for money 贪财
trader n. someone whose job is buying and selling goods商人；商船
He went to Africa as a trader. 他去非洲当商人了。（他到非洲去经商）。
unemployment n. the state of having no work失业(状况)；失业人数
Unemployment is a serious problem in Europe. 在欧洲失业是一个严重的问题。
unrest n.[u] (尤指社会上的) 不安；动荡 (状态)
social unrest 社会的不安
n.[u] (内心的) 不安；担心
postwar adj. after the war 战后的
During the postwar years, honours were heaped upon Einstein.
在战后的年月里，爱因斯坦的荣誉接踵而来。
sacrifice n. give up 牺牲
Parents often make sacrifices for their children. 父母常为子女而牺牲自己。
vt. give up something important so that you can help someone 作出牺牲；献出
He sacrificed his life to save the child. 他为救小孩而献出自己的生命。
vt. kill an animal, etc. as a present to a god 牺牲；献祭
They sacrificed sheep to their gods. 他们以羊祭祀他们的神。
Georgia n. 佐治亚州
reconstruction n. 重建；改造
mayor n. head of a city or town 市长；镇长
He is the mayor of Beijing. 他是北京市市长。
former adj. of an earlier time; that came before 以前的
He is my former classmate. 他是我从前的同班同学。
pron the first mentioned of two 前者
Of the two books, I prefer the former. 这两本书中我喜欢前一本。 (opp.latter)
economical adj. using money, goods, etc. well and carefully节约的；经济的
He is economical of his time. 他节省时间。
segregation n. 隔离；(种族)隔离
injustice n. being unfair, not right 不公平；非正义
Don't do me an injustice. 不要对我不公平。
funeral n. burying or burning a dead person 丧葬；葬礼
The funeral will be held on Monday. 葬礼定于星期一举行。
vain adj. unsuccessful; useless 徒劳的；徒然的
All our efforts were vain. 我们的一切努力都归枉然。
in vain to no purpose; without success; uselessly徒劳；白辛苦
All his attempts were in vain. 他的一切尝试徒劳无效。
eventually adv. in the end; after some time最后；终于
Eventually he won the match. 他终于赢得了这场比赛。
dawn n. the start of day, when the sun rises 黎明；拂晓；开端
He works from dawn till dark. 他从早到晚工作。
take a chance try; venture upon; run 碰运气；冒险
Let's take a chance. There may still be some tickets left. 我们碰碰运气看，或许还有剩票。
financial adj. of or about money 金融的；财政的
London is one of the important financial centres of the world.
伦敦是世界最重要的金融中心之一。
overcome vt. beat someone because you are too strong for him 战胜；压倒
(overcame; overcome)
The fire was completely overcome by daybreak. 到天亮时，火势完全控制住了。
vt. find an answer to a difficult thing in your life 克服；解决
They had to overcome all the difficulties in their studies.
他们必须克服他们学习中的所有困难。
leave alone 不理会；不打扰
insist v. say something again and again, very strongly, although people do not believe you 坚持；坚决主张
They insisted that he (should) be present at the ceremony. 他们坚持要他出席这次仪式。
insist on/upon 坚持(做)
She insisted on doing the experiment in the laboratory although she got the flu.
虽然得了流感，她仍坚持在实验室里作实验。
Guinness 吉尼斯世界纪录
as a result 结果；终于；因此
He studied hard last term and, as a result, he passed the examination.
上学期他学习很用功，结果考试及格了。
put out publish; issue 出版；公布
This magazine is put out every Friday. 这份杂志每星期五出版。
produce; generate 生产；产生
They put out some motors of high standards. 他们生产了几台高级发动机。
on sale 出售；减价；
bison n. 北美野牛(单复同形)
plain n. a piece of flat country平原
Some people lived in the mountains, but most lived on the plains.
有些人住在山里，但大多数的人住在平原。
adj. easy to hear, see, or understand; clear 简单的；清楚的；易懂的
The essays are plain in language. 这些论文言简意赅。
onwards adv. to the front; forward 向前；朝前 = onward
he drove onwards. 他驱车向前。
resist vt. be against someone; try to stop someone who is attacking you反抗；抵抗；对抗
Chocolates make me fat but I can't resist them. 巧克力使我发胖，但是我克制不了，还是吃。
vi. offer resistance; refuse to obey or agree抵抗
The enemy resisted stoutly. 敌人顽强地抵抗。
chief n.[C] leader or ruler; head of a group of people首领；上司
a party chief 政党首领 an editor in chief 总编辑
adj. most important 主要的；首要的；最重要的
That's the chief thing to remember. 这是首先要记住的事。
afterwards adv. later; after a happening后来；随后 =afterward
I did not remember the correct answer until afterwards. 到后来我才想起正确答案。
We will eat first and go out afterwards. 我们先吃饭，然后再出去。
widespread adj. found in many places分布广的；普遍的
The English language is very widespread. 英语流行很广。
rot vi. decay; go bad; spoil 腐烂
Some of rubbish rot away over a long time. 有些垃圾时间久了就烂掉了。
vt. cause to rot 使腐烂
The continual rain will rot the rice. 连绵不断的雨会使稻谷腐烂。
wildlife n. 野生动植物
prairie n.大草原；牧场
in turn as a result of sth in a series of events 转而；反过来
Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.
理论的基础是实践，又转过来为实践服务。
first one and then the other, then the first again, etc; alternately交替地；轮流地
Sam and I rode the bike in turn. 我和萨姆轮着骑自行车。
one after the other一个接一个；依次
The teacher helped all the children in turn. 老师一个接一个地辅导那些学生。
supply v. give or sell something that someone needs 供应；供给；提供
The electricity company supplies electricity to houses. 电力公司向各家供应电力。
We supplied them with money and clothes. 我们供应他们钱和衣服。
n.[c] the act of supplying or the amount of something supplied供应（量）；供给（量）
We have a great supply of meat. 我们有大量的肉类供应。
pl. something that is or can be supplied 供应品；生活用品
Our supplies for this month are in the cupboard. 我们这个月的生活用品在橱子里。
chain n. row of metal rings joined together 链；链条
They were brought to the police station in chains. 他们被戴上手铐，送往警察局。
a series of closely linked or connected things 一系列；一连串
a chain of coincidences 一连串的巧合
a group of shops owned by the same company 连锁商店
a supermarket chain 连锁超市
willing adj. ready; consenting愿意的，心甘情愿的
I am willing to help you. 我愿意帮助你。
Mongolian n. 蒙古(族)人；蒙古语
Jew n. a member of the Hebrew people or religion 犹太人
Einstein was a Jew. 爱因斯坦是位犹太人。
Unit 17 Disabilities
Words and expressions
disability n.[u] lack of ability; being disabled 无能；伤残；残疾
His disability prevents him from holding a job 他的无能使他不能胜任工作。
ability n.[u] power to do something; cleverness 能力；本领
I do not doubt your ability to do the work. 我不怀疑你有担任这项工作的能力。
n.[u] (pl. abilities) what one can do 才能；技能
He is a man of many abilities. 他是一个有多方面才能的人。
obstacle n.[c] sth.in the way that stops progress or makes it difficult障碍；妨碍物
We had to overcome all kinds of obstacles and difficulties. 我们不得不克服种种障碍和困难。
sidewalk n. a paved walkway along the side of a street（美）人行道(=[英]pavement)
a sidewalk fruit stand; 街旁的一水果摊
elevator n. lift（美）电梯；升降机
escalator n.[c] 自动梯；电动扶梯
take an escalator 乘自动梯
waist n. the middle of the body 腰；腰部
The water is up to my waist. 水深及我腰部。
get around/about go or travel from place to place; go about四处走动；活动
The old man doesn't get about much these days. 老人近来不怎么走动了。
fair n. special market 商品博览会；商品交易会
We saw new kinds of farm machines at the agricultural fair.
我们在农展会上看到各种新式的农业机器。
n. a market, esp. one held at a particular place at regular periods for selling farm produce 集市；定期市场
They are going to the fair. 他们正在到集市上去。
adj. honest, treating people in the right way公正的；公平的
Did you receive fair treatment? 你受到公正的待遇吗？
potential the inherent ability or capacity for growth, development, or coming into being 潜力；潜能
war potential 战力
capable of being but not yet in existence; latent可能的；潜在的；有潜力的
Every seed is a potential plant. 每粒种子都可能长成植物。
guidance n.[u] 引导；指引
under a person's guidance 在某人的引导下
gifted adj. 有天赋/资的；有才华的
a gifted pianist 有天才的钢琴家 a gifted child 天才儿童；智能高的儿童
assist v. help someone 帮助；援助
He assists me with money. 他援助我以金钱。
cooperate vi. to work together 合作；协作
I can't do it alone. Let's cooperate. 我一个人做不了，咱们合作吧。
recognition n. the act of recognizing承认；公认；接受
Einstein gained international recognition in his theory of relativity.
爱因斯坦的相对论已得到国际的公认。
sympathy n. the sharing of another person's sorrow; the kind feeling that one person has for another 同情；同情心
We all had sympathy for him. 我们大家都同情他。
encouragement n. an act of encouraging鼓励；激励
He owed his success to his wife's encouragement 他把他的成功归功于他妻子的鼓励。
productive adj. producing abundantly; fertile 多产的
a very productive writer 多产作家
producing or capable of producing 能生产的；生产的
a productive effort 生产力
Huhhot [XhChCt] n. 呼和浩特
visual adj. of or relating to the sense of sight 视力的;视觉的
the visual arts 视觉艺术 the visual organs 视觉器官
motivate vt. to provide with an incentive; move to action 使有动机
Her suicide was motivated by desperation. 她自杀的诱因是自暴自弃。
vt. impel 激发；引起
What motivated you to do such a thing? 引起你做这样的事的动机是什么 ?
adjust to change so as to match or fit; cause to correspond调节；调整
adjust my watch 校准我的表
vt. to adapt or conform, as to new conditions (使)适应
You must adjust yourself to new conditions. 你必须使自己适应新的环境。
get used to习惯于……
candy n.[u/c] (=(英) sweets)pieces of sugar in different shapes（美）糖果
There are two pieces of candy on the plate. 盘里有两颗糖。
niece n. daughter of your brother or sister 侄女；外甥女
ceremony n.[c] special programme at an important happening典礼；仪式
The school leaving ceremony is at 3:00. 毕业典礼于三点举行。
victory n. winning a game, fight, war, etc. 胜利；战胜
We are marching from victory to victory. 我们从胜利走向胜利。
dignity n.[u] calm and serious manner or style尊严；威严
If you're afraid of losing your dignity, you can't expect to learn to speak a foreign language.
如果你害怕失去尊严，你就不能期望学会说一种外语。
shameful adj. very bad可耻的；丢脸的
What a shameful conduct! 多么可耻的行为！
participate v. work or play with other people in a particular happening参加；参与
How many people participated in the opening ceremony? 多少人参加了开幕典礼？
participant n. one that participates, shares, or takes part in something. 参加者；参与者
an active participant in social work 积极参加社会活动的人
self-confidence Z n. 自信
Olympian n.[c] a contestant in the Olympic games. 奥林匹克运动会选手
adj. of or relating to the region of Olympia in Greece or its inhabitants 奥林匹亚的
facility (pl) something that facilitates an action or process设施；设备
There are facilities for cooking in the kitchen. 厨房里有烹饪设备。
conduct vt. lead or guide 引导；带领
When our parents came to visit our school, Mary conducted them into the classrooms.
我们的家长来参观学校时，玛丽把他们带到教室去。
vt. manage; direct; carry on 经营；管理；指挥
Who conducts this orchestra? 谁指挥这个乐队？
n.[u] 行为；操作
Many pupils in this class got prizes for good conduct.
这个班的许多学生因为操行好而得了奖。
survey n. 调查
According to a recent survey, in Shanghai alone there are more than 2.5 million migrant workers. 根据最近的一项调查,单上海就有250多万外来民工。
s vt. to make a survey 调查；勘察
We had the house surveyed before buying it. 在买那栋房子以前我们请人勘察过。
accessible easily approached or entered 易接近的；易进入的
An open minded person is accessible to reasons. 虚心的人易于服理。
Unit 18 Inventions
Words and expressions
edible adj. fit to be eaten (因无毒性等) 可以吃的；适于食用的
Are these berries edible, or are they poisonous? 这些草莓可以吃，还是有毒？
n. something fit to be eaten; food（名词）
可吃的东西；食物：
edibles such as vegetables and meat. 如蔬菜和肉类等食物
flavour n. 味道；风味
What flavor(s) of ice cream do you like? 你喜欢哪一种味道的冰淇淋?
laptop n. a microcomputer small enough to use on one's lap 笔记本电脑；便携式电脑
vest n. piece of clothing that you wear next to the skin on the upper part of your body背心；汗衫；内衣
This is a blue vest. 这是一件蓝色的背心。
heel n. 脚后跟；鞋跟
inflatable adj. that you can inflate可充气的；可膨胀的
That is an inflatable rubber boat. 那是条可充气的橡皮船。
patent n.[c] 专利 (权) ；专利证书
apply [ask] for a ~ 申请专利
take out a patent for [on] an invention 取得一项发明的专利
officer n.[c] a person who works in a government公务员；(政府)官员
an administrative officer 行政官员
n.[c] an important person in an organization like the army or police 军官；警官
His father is a police officer. 他父亲是警官。
petrol n.[u] sort of oil that makes car engines go. (英)汽油 （=<美>gasoline）
You must put some petrol in the car to make it go. 你必须给汽车加油才能开动它。
creative having the ability or power to create有创造力的；创造(性)的
Human beings are creative animals. 人类是有创造力的动物
background n. things at the back in the picture背景
This is a photo of my house with the mountains in the background.
这是我家的照片，背景是群山。
n. the part which shows off the chief thing or person (一个人或物的)背景；经历
Tell me your background. 告诉我你的经历和情况。
rephrase to phrase again, especially to state in a new, clearer, or different way
重新描述；重新措辞；改变说法
allow for take into consideration考虑到
We must allow for the train being late. 我们应当考虑到火车可能晚点。
reject vt. say “no” to; not take something拒绝；排斥
She rejected my offer of help. 我主动提出给予帮助，她拒绝了。
vt. throw away; cast aside as useless丢弃；抛弃
He rejected the rotten eggs. 他扔掉了坏鸡蛋。
get stuck 遇到困难；陷进去
The bus was stuck in the mud. 公共汽车陷在泥里动不了了。
partial adj. of, relating to, being, or affecting only a part; not total; incomplete 部分的
The police have only a partial description of the suspect.
警察只对嫌疑犯进行了不完全的描述
favoring one person or side over another or others; biased or prejudiced偏袒的
a decision that was partial to the plaintiff. 一项偏袒原告的决定
break away from 摆脱；逃脱；脱离
Modern music like jazz has broken away from the old traditional rules.
现代音乐如爵士乐摆脱了旧的传统规则。
possibility n. something which is possible 可能(性)；可能的事情
Is there any possibility of your getting to London this week? 本周你有可能到伦敦去吗？
perception n. the process, act, or faculty of perceiving; the effect or product of perceiving 感知；知觉
otherwise conj. if not, or 要不然；否则
You must go early, otherwise you will miss the bus.
你必须早点走，否则就赶不上公共汽车了。adv. differently别样；不同地
I could not do otherwise. 我只能这样做。
adv. apart from that, if you forget that 除此以外；别的方面
The house is small, but otherwise it is comfortable. 房子小是小，但是很舒适。
visible adj. that you can see 看得见的
Stars are only visible when the sky is dark. 只有在天空不亮时才看得见星星。
connection n.[u] something which connects two or more things 联系
There's no connection between these two things. 这两件事没有任何联系。
previous adj. of an earlier time; that came before先前的；早先的
I had already visited Italy on a previous holiday. 在早先一次休假中，我们访问过意大利。
aware adj. having knowledge or cognizance 知道的；意识到的；觉察到的
How can you make a fool aware that he is a fool?
你怎么能够使一个傻瓜知道他是个傻瓜?
be aware of知道；注意到,觉察到
He was [became] aware of the danger. 他知道 [注意到] 危险。
trial n. test; using something to see if it works well检查；试验；试用
He gave the bicycle a trial before he bought it. 这辆自行车他买之前试骑过。
n. trial in court of law 审问；审判
He was on trial for theft. 他因偷盗而受审。
trial and error (u) 反复试验；不断摸索
learn by trial and error 在不断摸索中学习
Mozart n. 莫扎特(奥地利作曲家)
relativity n. the state or quality of being relative 相对性；相关性；相对论
Theory of Relativity 相对论
rider n.[c] (马、自行车、摩托车等的) 骑手；骑士
He's a good [poor] rider. 他骑术高明 [低劣] 。
desktop [XdesktCp] n. the top of a desk. 桌面；台式电脑
adj. designed for use on a desk or table 桌上用的
small enough to fit conveniently in an individual workspace 台式的
a desktop computer. 台式计算机
palmtop [XpA:mtCp] n 掌上电脑
dusty adj. covered with dust 满足尘土的
a dusty desk 满足灰尘的书桌
Mona Lisa n. [the ~] 蒙娜丽莎(达芬奇作品)
pilot n. someone who flies an aeroplane 飞行员
He is a jet pilot. 他是一位喷气飞机驾驶员。
Charles Chaplin [XtSA:lz XtSBplin] 查尔斯卓别林
Isaac Newton n. 艾萨可牛顿(英国科学家)
Abraham Lincoln [XeibrRhBm XliNkRn] 亚伯拉罕 林肯(美国第16 任总统)
Eve 夏娃
metaphor n. a figure of speech in which a word or phrase that ordinarily designates one thing is used to designate another, thus making an implicit comparison 隐喻; 暗喻; 象征
Thus, She's an angel and He's a lion in battle are metaphors.
因此她是天使, 他是雄狮都是比喻说法。
paste v. stick something on to another thing with paste 贴；粘
We pasted the paper on to the wall. 我们把那张纸贴在墙上。
n.[u] stuff that sticks things together 浆糊
We used paste to attach our designs to the poster.
我们用浆糊把我们设计的图案贴在招贴牌上。
storage n. keeping things in a safe place 储存；保管；贮藏
The best place for storage of money is a bank. 银行是存钱最好的地方。
glue n. a sticky substance used for joining things 胶；胶水
He stuck some bits of wood together with glue. 他用胶水把碎片粘在一起。
after all in spite of everything to the contrary; nevertheless毕竟；终究；虽然这样
We chose to take a plane after all. 我们仍然选择乘飞机
everything else having been considered; ultimately 终究；最终
So you see I was right after all! 你看,毕竟还是我对吧!
electronics n. the science and technology of electronic phenomena电子学
typewriter n. a writing machine that produces characters 打字机
ENIAC [`i: niBk] n. [c] =Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator[Computer]
电子数字积分计算机 (第一台通用计算机的名称, 1946年美国制造)
keep track of have information about what is happening or where sth/sb is了解……的动态；
保持联系
It is difficult to keep track of all the new ideas and developments in education.
要时刻掌握/了解教育方面所有的新思想和发展是困难的。
Unit 19 The Merchant of Venice
Words and expressions
merchant n. person who buys and sells things商人
He is a coal merchant. 他是个煤商。
Venice 威尼斯市（意大利港市）
uneasy adj. worried, feeling that something is wrong担心的；不安的；不自在的
He feels uneasy about the result of the examination. 他担心自己的考试成绩。
crown n. a circle worn on the head by a king or queen王冠；皇冠
The crown was placed on the king's head. 王冠戴到了皇帝的头上。
deny vt. say that something is not true; say that one knows nothing about 否认
He denies being the thief. 他否认是贼。
He denied the signature, said that it was not his. 他否认这签字是他签的。
vt. say 'no' to a request; refuse to give (sth. asked for or needed) 拒绝(给予)
He denied the students a chance to speak. 他拒绝给学生机会发言。
pay back give back the money that someone has lent you 还钱；还债
I'll pay back the money you lent me next week. 下星期我把你借给我的钱还给你。
duke n. nobleman 公爵
The Duke of Edinburgh is the Queen's husband. 爱丁堡公爵是女王的丈夫。
master piece n. 杰作；佳作
mercy n.[u] kindness, not punishing someone when you have the right or power to punish him 怜悯；仁慈；宽恕
They showed little mercy on their enemies. 他们对敌人不留情。
have (=show) mercy on 对…表示同情/怜悯
revenge n. the act of taking vengeance for injuries or wrongs 报复；报仇
I broke Mary's pen by accident, and in revenge she tore up my school work.
我不留心弄坏了玛丽的钢笔，出于报复，她撕掉了我的作业。
to inflict punishment in return for (injury or insult) 复仇；报复
I'll revenge that insult. 我要报复那侮辱。
enemy n.[c] a person who hates or dislikes another person敌人；仇人
Frost is an enemy of plants. 霜是植物的大敌。
go about begin work; be occupied or busy with着手；忙于
They are going about the work in high spirits. 他们干得很欢。
as far as I know 就/据我所知
reasonable adj. willing to listen to what someone says; willing to think carefully about something讲道理的；理智的；有理性的
His conclusion certainly sounded reasonable. 他的结论听起来确实有一定的道理。
adj. fair; right公道的；合理的
The price seems reasonable. 价钱看来是公道的。
weakness n. the condition or quality of being weak; a personal defect or failing
弱点；缺点
Everyone has his own little weaknesses. 每一个人都有小缺点。
judgement n. judging or being judged审判；判决
The judgment was aga
篇10：NSEFC 高二Unit 15 Destinations 教案
Teaching Goals
1.Talk about travel and cities.
2.Practise making complaints.
3.Review the Non-finite Verbs(1):-ing,-ed,to do…
4.Write a descriptive essay/paragraph.
The First Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the following:
(1)New words: airline,uncomfortable
(2)Everyday English:
I’m sorry to say…
I’m so sorry.
I hate to have to say this,but…
Could you do something about…?
Why didn’t you tell me the truth?
Why don’t you do something about it?
2.Train the students’ listening and speaking abilities.
3.Get the students to talk about travel and cities.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Finish the task of listening to train the students’ listening ability.
2.Finish the task of making complaints to train the students’ speaking ability.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How to help the students finish the tasks of listening and speaking.
Teaching Methods:
1.Free talk,listening and speaking to train the students’ ability to use English.
2.Individual,pair or group work to make every student take an active part in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.the multimedia 2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
CStep ⅠLead-in
.First I want to ask you a simple question:what would you like to do most during holidays?
Ss:Traveling/Reading books/Watching TV…
T:Yes.Most of you like traveling.Where have you been to?
Ss:Beijing/Shanghai/Qingdao/Harbin…
T:Is there anybody who has been to a foreign country for travel?
Ss:No.
T:Do you hope to travel around the world?
Ss:Yes,of course.
T:Then you must know some famous cities in the world.Tell me their names,please.
Ss:Paris,Moscow,Sydney,San Francisco,Berlin…
T:Oh.So many!And they are all world-famous travel destinations.Today,we’ll begin to learn Unit 15 Destinations.(Bb:Unit 15 Destinations)It’s a good chance to talk about travel and cities.Are you interested?
Ss:Yes.
T:First let’s learn some new words for this period.
(Teacher shows the following words on the screen and asks one student to read them.Then ask the whole class to read together after him/her.)
CStep Ⅱ Warming up
T:OK.Now please open your books at Page 33 and look at the first part-Warming up.Imagine that you are offered a free ticket that lets you travel around the world and make five stops along the way.Can you follow me?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Now,please work in pairs to tell each other where would you go and why.At the same time,draw your flight line in the box on the right and mark the cities you want to visit on the map.A few minutes later,I’ll ask some students to talk about your travel plan.Is everything clear?
Ss:Yes.
(The students begin to work.Teacher goes among the class to see their work.At the end,teacher asks some students to talk about their plans.)
CStep Ⅳ Speaking
T:We’ve talked a lot about travel and cities.However,while you are traveling,you may come across some problems unexpectedly,which could take place in the airline,the hotel or the restaurant.Can you guess what problems would occur?
Ss:Luggage is lost./The plane is late./The food is terrible…
T:What shall we do if we come across such problems?
Ss:Go to the manager and complain to him/her of the problems.
T:How do you think he/she will deal with the problems?
Ss:First,he/she may explain,apologize or argue.Then/he/she will do something about the problems.
T:Yes.If I were the manager,I would do like that as I see fit.Do you understand “see fit”?
Ss:No.
T:“See fit” means “consider it correct,convenient or acceptable.”We can also use“think fit” to express the same meaning.For example,“Do as you think fit.”Do you understand?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Now,please look at the last part-Speaking.Here are three situations about problems with services given to you.First,read the situations.Then choose one of them to act it out with your partner according to the role cards.Besides,don’t forget to study the useful expressions below the role cards and use them in your dialogue if possible.Is everything clear?
Ss:Yes.
T:Well.Begin your work now.A few minutes later,I’ll ask some pairs to act out your dialogues before class.
A sample dialogue:
Student A:Manager Student B:Guest
A:How do you feel to live in our hotel?
B:On the whole,not so bad,but the room I am living in faces a noisy street,and I’m a light sleeper,so it is impossible for me to fall asleep.Could you please do something about it?
A:I’m so sorry.I’ll make an arrangement for you as soon as possible.Anything else?
B:I hate to have to say this,but the bed in my room makes me feel uncomfortable.
A:That’s too bad.I’ll settle this problem at once.
B:It’s very kind of you.Oh,by the way,would you please send someone to have a check on the supply of the hot water?There is no hot water at all.
A:I see.I’ll do that.
CStep Ⅴ Summary and Homework
T:Thank you for your wonderful performance.Now,let’s see what we’ve done in this class.First,we’ve talked about travel and cities.Second,we’ve practised listening.Third,we’ve talked about problems with services one may come across while travelling and practised making complaints.Of course,we’ve learned some useful expressions,such as “I’m sorry to say…”,“I hate to have to say this,but…”,“Could you do something about…?”…(Teacher writes them on the blackboard.)After class,practise them more and preview the next part-Reading.That’s all for today.See you.
Ss:See you.
The Second Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the following words and expressions:
every now and then, phenomenon,Brazil, downtown, commercial, get tired of, avenue, altitude,breath-taking,downhill,inexpensive,feast,dip,gym,shore
2.Train the students’ reading ability.
3.Get the students to learn about some big cities in the world.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Learn to use the following useful phrases:
every now and then,get tired of,cool off,itch for,take a dip,work out
2.Train the students’ reading ability.
Teaching Difficult Points:
How to help the students understand the text exactly,especially the following sentences:
1.A walk through downtown is a history lesson.
2.Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers.
3.a feast for the eyes.
4.…Should you have enough money left after a day…,you can…
Teaching Methods:
1.Fast reading to get a general idea of the text.
2.Careful reading to get the detailed information.
3.Asking-and-answering to help the students understand the text exactly.
4.Pair or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.the multimedia
2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
CStep Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
CStep Ⅱ Revision and Pre-reading
T:Yesterday,we talked much about travel and cities.We know there are many big cities worth visiting in the world.Can you tell me what a tourist needs to know about the chosen destination before going there?
Ss:Climate,food,transportation,attractions and so on.
T:Quite right.All of them are very important for a tourist to travel happily.Now,imagine that a person from another country is going to visit your town for the first time.He or she has asked you to tell him or her about the important things a tourist needs to know.Can you follow me?
Ss:Yes.
T:Well,here’s a chart on the screen.First,use it to make an outline of what you would tell him or her.Then show your outline to your partner and explain what you have chosen and why.Is everything clear?
Ss:Yes.
T:OK.Begin your work.
(Teacher goes among the students to see how they are going on with the work.A few minutes later,teacher asks some students to talk about their outline.)
CStep Ⅲ Presentation for Reading
T:Today we’re going to read a passage “Destinations”.It will lead us to two world-famous resorts-Rio de Janeiro and Kitzbuhel.First I’ll show you a travel programme about Rio de Janeiro and Kitzbuhel.Watch it and listen to the explanations carefully.
(Teacher plays the teaching CD for the students.After that,teacher says the following.)
T:How do you like Rio de Janeiro?
Ss:It’s amazing/attractive/wonderful/beautiful/exciting…
T:I agree with you.Well,now let’s learn some new words.Look at the screen.
(Teacher shows the words on the screen and deals with them with brief explanations.Then ask them to read for a while.)
CStep Ⅳ Reading
T:OK.Now please read the text quickly and find the answers to the questions on the screen.
(Teacher shows the questions on the screen,and the students begin to read the text.)
1.What is Rio de Janeiro famous for?
2.What does the word“Cariocas”mean?
3:Why do people visit Kitzbuhel?
(A few minutes later,teacher checks the answers.)
T:OK,everyone.Have you found the answers?
Ss:Yes.
T:Who’d like to answer the first question?Any volunteer?
S1:Rio de Janeiro is famous for its modern malls,theme parks and beautiful beaches.
T:Right.Sit down,please.The second one.
S2:“Cariocas”means the people of Rio de Janeiro.
T:Good.Sit down,please.The last one.
S3:People visit Kitzbuhel because it is a world-class ski resort,a paradise for skiers.
T:Well done.Now,please re-read the text carefully and further understand it.Pay special attention to the phrases or sentences on the screen.(Show the following on the screen.)
1.Kitzbuhel is a paradise for skiers.
2.A walk through downtown is a history lesson.
3.…a feast for the eyes.
4.Should you have enough energy left,…
After reading,work in pairs and try to explain what the phrases or sentences mean.If you have any difficulty in explaining them,please ask me.You can begin now.
(A few minutes later,teacher begins to check the answers.)
T:OK,everyone.Are you ready now?
Ss:Yes.
T:Li Dong,can you explain the first sentence?
S4:Yes.It means that Kitzbuhel is a wonderful place for people who ski.
T:…
S:…
Suggested answers:
2.Walking through downtown can help to learn about the history of Rio from what you see.
3.A lively mix of old village culture and excitement of an international tourist area.
4.If you should have enough energy left,…
CStep Ⅴ Language Study
T:Well,you’ve been familiar with the passage.Let’s learn some useful phrases.Please look at the screen and do the exercise.
(Show the following on the screen.)
Fill in the blanks using the right phrases in the text.
1.She______cooking for her family.
2.She can’t resist her______travelling.
3.______she went upstairs to see if he was still asleep.
4.Let the hot pie______before serving.
5.I______regularly to keep fit.
6.In summer,it is fun to______in a pool.
(Teacher allows the students enough time to prepare first.Then check the answers with the whole class and write the phrases on the blackboard.)
Suggested answers:
1.got tired of 2.itch for 3.Every now and then 4.cool off 5.work out 6.take a dip
CStep Ⅵ Listening and Reading Aloud
T:Now,I’ll play the tape for you.First,listen and repeat,paying attention to the pronunciation and the intonation.Then read it aloud for a while.
CStep Ⅶ Consolidation
T:OK,everyone.Stop reading.Look at the third exercise in Post-reading.Use the cards to decide where you would like to go according to the information from the text.Rio de Janeiro or Kitzbuhel?Make your decision and explain to your partner why you have chosen this destination.Is everything clear?
Ss:Yes.
(A few minutes later,teacher asks some students to talk about their decisions.)
T:Attention,please.Are you ready now?
Ss:Yes.
T:Who’d like to be the first to talk about your decision?Any volunteer?
S5:I’d like to go to Rio de Janeiro for a travel.First,I’m interested in the foreign countries’ history and culture.Downtown Rio is the city’s cultural and historical heart.Second,it’s convenient to enjoy the sand and sun on Copacabana,which is not far from downtown.Third,one of the world’s festivals-Carnival is also attractive.
T:Wonderful.Who’d like to talk about Kitzbuhel?
S6:I’d prefer to go to Kitzbuhel.First,I like adventure.Second,I’m interested in skiing.Third,it has different scenery from what other places have.I think it is not only a paradise for skiers,but also for young people.
T:Well done.Thank you.
CStep Ⅷ Summary and Homework
T:Well,let’s come back from Rio de Janeiro or Kitzbuhel to see what we’ve learnt in this class.First,we’ve learnt about some foreign countries’ culture and history by reading the text.Second,we’ve learnt some useful expressions.After class,please read the text again and use the chart from the Pre-reading to analyse the text about Rio de Janeiro.Compare your choices and the choices made by the writer of the text.What are some similarities and differences?What might be some reasons for the similarities and differences?Are you clear about that?
Ss:Yes.
T:That’s all for today.
The Third Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Review the words appearing in the last two periods.
2.Review Non-finite Verbs(1):-ing,-ed,to do.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Help the students guess the missing word in a sentence to improve their ability to master new words.
2.Help the students finish each exercise correctly to revise Non-finite Verbs.
Teaching Difficult Point:
Master the uses of the three kinds of Non-finite Verbs correctly.
Teaching Methods:
1.Review method to consolidate the words learned in the last two periods.
2.Practising to make the students master the Non-finite Verbs correctly.
3.Individual,pair or group work to make every student work in class.
Teaching Aids:
1.the multimedia
2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
CStep Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
CStep Ⅱ Revision and Word Study
T:Yesterday,we read the text about Rio de Janeiro and Kitzbuhel.Do you still remember something about them?
Ss:Yes.
T:Well,now please look at the statements on the screen and tell whether they are true or false according to the text.If they’re false,correct them.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen and checks the answers with the whole class.)
1.Rio de Janeiro is Brazil’s second largest city.
2.Copacabana,perhaps the most famous of all beaches,is far away from downtown.
3.The best time to visit Rio is in March,but the biggest tourism season comes around June or July.
4.Cariocas are well known for their big heart and friendliness.
5.Rio de Janeiro is a paradise for skiers.
6.The good weather and breath-taking scenery make Kitzbuhel a world-class ski resort.
7.The world’s best and fastest skiers gather here twice a year to try their daring in the downhill race that every skier wants to win.
Suggested answers:
True:1,4,6
False:2.far→only a few bus stops
3.March→June or July;June or July→March
5.Rio de Janeiro→Kitzbuhel
7.twice→once
T:Well done.Besides,we’ve learnt some useful words in the text.Have you really mastered them?Please open your books at Page 37.Look at the first part of Language Study-Word Study.Let’s do Exercise 1 first.Fill in the blanks with words from the text.You’re given three minutes to do it.Then check your answers with your partner.At the end,I’ll collect the right answers from you.See what I mean.
Ss:Yes.
Suggested answers:
1.altitude 2.avenue 3.reminds 4.feast 5.dip
T:Well done.Next,let’s do Exercise 2.Read and understand the following passage carefully to see if there is a mistake in each line.If there is,find it and correct it.You can begin now.Five minutes later,I’ll check your answers.
Suggested answers:
1.bring→brought
2.construction→constructions
3.it’s→its
4.√
5.returns→returned
6.visit→visitors
7.Much→Many
8.√
CStep Ⅲ Revision of Grammar
T:OK.So much for Word Study.Let’s revise the Grammar-Non-finite Verbs.Look at the sentences on the screen.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen.)
to do
1.The first thing would be to decide where to go.
2.The most important thing would be for you to decide where to go.
-ing
1.Every now and then we get the itch for travelling.
2.Kitzbuhel has the most challenging and exciting downhill slopes for skiers in the world.
3.Few visitors leave Rio feeling disappointed.
-ed
1.Amazed by the beautiful scenery at Copacabana Beach,he decided to come again next year.
2.Known as Carnival,the festival attracts visitors from all over the world.
Study the sentences and tell the functions of the Non-finite Verbs.Wang Xia,try the first pair of sentences.
S1:“to do” is used as Predicative in both of them.
T:You are right.Sit down,please.Are there any other function of “to do”?And what functions?
Ss:Yes.Subject,Object,Object Complement,Attribute and Adverbial.
T:Quite right.Yang Xia,what about “-ing”?
S2:In these three sentences,“-ing” is separately used as Object,Attribute and Adverbial.
T:Do you agree with her?And do you know some other functions?
Ss:Yes.Subject,Predicative and Object Complement.
T:Very good.Shi Hui,the last pair.
S3:“-ed”is used as Adverbial in both sentences.Besides,it can be used as Predicative,Object Complement and Attribute.
T:Well done.Sit down,please.
CStep Ⅳ Practice
CStep Ⅴ Summary and Homework
T:In this class,we’ve reviewed the new words in the text.In addition,we’ve revised Non-finite Verbs(1)--ing,-ed and to do,especially,we’ve done a lot of practice to master the usages of them.After class,do more practice.The more you practise,the better you will master them.That’s all for today.
The Fourth Period
Teaching Aims:
1.Learn and master the following new words:
budget,rate,visa,arrangement,passport,cheque,currency,sight,seasoned,accommodation
2.Train the students’ integrating skills,especially reading and writing skills.
3.Get the students to learn how to make a plan for a travel.
Teaching Important Points:
1.Get the students to understand the text exactly,especially the following words and phrases:
rate,make one’s own arrangements,seasoned,travel light,sights
2.Help the students write a travel brochure well.
Teaching Difficult Point:
How to help the students master the ways of writing a better descriptive essay/paragraph.
Teaching Methods:
1.Asking-and-answering activity to check the students’ understanding of the text.
2.Inductive and imitative methods to train the students’ writing ability.
3.Individual,pair or group work to finish each task.
Teaching Aids:
1.the multimedia
2.the blackboard
Teaching Procedures:
CStep Ⅰ Greetings
Greet the whole class as usual.
CStep Ⅱ Revision and Lead-in
T:Yesterday,we reviewed the use of Non-finitive Verbs-to do,-ing,-ed.Now,let’s do an exercise to see if you have really mastered them.Look at the screen.
(Shows the following on the screen.)
(Teacher allows the students a few minutes to prepare.Then check the answers orally with the whole class.)
Suggested answers:
1.for you to decide where to go
2.of you not to give up the opportunity to go abroad for further education
3.Not finding his passport
4.Given better attention
5.Influenced by his example
6.Seeing those pictures
T:Besides,we’ve learnt a lot of words to describe an international trip in this unit.Which words in the text can help you describe an international trip?
Ss:Beautiful/modern/cultural/historical/perfect/attractive/paradise/breath-taking scenery /
a world-class resort/challenging and exciting/a feast for eyes…(Bb:beautiful…)
T:Yes,so many.Today,we’re going to read another passage about travel.It will provide you some useful travel tips and practical advice.First,let’s learn the new words in this period.
(Teacher shows the following on the screen and deals with the words as usual.)
CStep Ⅲ Reading
T:Well.Now please open your books at Page 38.Read each paragraph quickly and try to find out what tips and advice the writer gives us.See what I mean?
Ss:Yes.
(The students begin to read.A few minutes later,teacher begins to check their understanding of the text.)
T:OK,everyone.Are you ready now?
Ss:Yes.
T:Now,I’ll collect the tips and advice the writer gives us.One student,one tip or one piece of advice,OK?
Ss:OK.
T:Who’d like to be the first?
S1:Find out more about the destination you have chosen before you go to save money and avoid problems.
S2:Consider when and how you want to travel and you’d better ask travel agents for help.
S3:Bring some cash besides credit cards.
S4:Keep your passport and money in a safe place and make photocopies of all important documents before you leave.
S5:Buy foreign currency at home.If you must exchange money during your vacation,do it in banks not on the street or with strangers.
S6:Plan a pleasant,interesting and comfortable trip.Travel light if possible.
T:Very good.Thank you,boys and girls.Now,please re-read it carefully and further understand it.Then work in pairs to finish the Exercises 1~3 after the text.
(The students begin to re-read.Several minutes later,teacher checks the answers.)
Suggested answers:
1.save money and avoid problems
2.experienced
3.travel with as little luggage as possible
CStep Ⅳ.Listening and Reading Aloud
T:Very good.You’ve understood the text exactly.Now,I’ll play the tape for you.First,listen and repeat,paying attention to the pronunciation and intonation.Then read it aloud for a while.
CStep Ⅴ Consolidation
T:OK,everyone.Stop reading.Now you’ve been very familiar with the text.Here is a question for you to discuss.Listen carefully!Which travel tip do you think is the most useful?And why?Are you clear about that?
Ss:Yes.
T:Work in groups of four and discuss for a few minutes.Then I’ll ask some students to say your opinions.You can begin now.
(A few minutes later.)
T:OK.Are you ready now?
Ss:Yes.
T:Who’d like to be the first to talk about your opinions?Any volunteer?
S1:I think the tip about money is the most useful.It reminds travellers of avoiding bringing too much money.Instead,credit cards could be a better choice.In particular,travellers should not forget to have all important documents photo copied before leaving in case you might lose them.
S2:I think planning and packing is the most useful.For any thing,well-prepared is half of success.You’d better plan it in advance in order to avoid problems and save money or time.
CStep Ⅵ Writing
T:Well,in order to have a pleasant and interesting trip,you’d better have the tips and advice in mind.Now,please read the travel brochure in writing quickly and find out what information it describes.
(The students begin to read it quickly and answer the teacher’s question as soon as they finish reading it.)
Ss:It describes transport,accommodation,attractions and activities for travelling to Thailand.(Bb:…)
T:Quite right.Now you’ve known how to write a travel brochure.Work in pairs.Choose your favourite destination and write a travel brochure in which you describe the place,suggest activities and provide travel tips.Can you follow me?
Ss:Yes.
T:When you finish your brochure,show it to the rest of the class and try to persuade them to visit your destination.Is everything clear?
Ss:Yes.
(The students begin to work.Teacher may give them advice to help them write a good travel brochure while going among the students.)
CStep Ⅶ Summary and Homework
T:In this class,we’ve not only got some travel experience by reading the travel tips and the practical advice,but also learnt how to write a descriptive essay like a brochure.After class,please review what we’ve learnt in this class and preview the next unit.That’s all for today.
★ NSEFC2B Unit 20 全单元教案1(人教版高二英语下册教案教学设计)
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