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篇1：非谓语动词-动词不定式 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词-动词不定式
问题：
1. 动词不定式在句中可以充当哪些成分？
2. 动词不定式有几种时态和语态的变化?
3. 动词不定式和动名词做主语有什么区别？
4. 介词后可以用动词不定式做宾语吗？
5. 哪些动词后跟不定式做宾语补足语时要省略to?
6. 动词不定式可以做哪些状语呢？
7. 哪些情况下常用动词不定式做定语？
8. 做插入语的动词不定式常见的有哪些？
Exercise 1: 判断：下列动词不定式在句中充当什么成分？
1. I feel lucky to have won a place on this trip.
2. It (the volcano) continued to erupt for the next three days.
3. How amazing it is to see the ancient Roman city of Pompeii as it was 2,000 years ago!
4. People started to dig in the area for treasure.
5. It’s hard to imagine how this quiet volcano destroyed the whole city.
6. Tomorrow we are off to Naples to visit the museum.
7. I was too tired to eat anything we were given.
8. Loulan is believed to have been gradually covered over by sandstorms from AD200 to AD500.
9. I am so excited to be here!
10. Suddenly Polly felt a rough hand brush her face.
11. Polly heard it (the stick) hit the step.
12. Polly was beginning to feel frightened again.
13. Would you like to come in and rest for a while?
14. It gives me the chance to pay back the help that people give me when it’s sunny.
15. The shark bumps you to find out if you are fit to be eaten.
Exercise 2: 用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. I hope ____________ (see) you next week.
2. The car needs _________________ (repair) before we go on a trip to Europe.
3. I am sorry ______________ (give) you so much trouble.
4. Don’t pretend ______________ (work) hard. Just do what you should.
5. She is said ___________________ (write) the novel about New York for years.
6. The room seems _________________ (tidy) up already.
7. The meeting is ______________ (hold) tomorrow.
8. I am happy ___________________ (work) with you for so many years.
Exercise 3: 用所给动词的适当形式填空。
9. _____________ (read) aloud is good for your English learning.
10. It’s impossible _______________ (finish) all the homework within two hours.
11. Seeing is _____________ (believe).
12. It’s a waste of time _____________ (argue) with him.
13. It’s no use __________ (discuss) with him since he has made up his mind.
14. It’s important and necessary ________ (master) a foreign language and computer skills.
15. It is my duty __________ (help) you with you English studies.
16. It takes only 2 hours _________ (arrive) in shanghai by bullet train.
Exercise 4: 翻译句子。
17. 我对该干什么感兴趣，而对如何做并不感兴趣。
I’m interested in _________________________________.
18. 他怎么也不去上学。He does everything _______________________________.
19. 我没办法只好放弃这次出国的机会。I had no choice ___________this chance to go abroad.
20. 我没有办法只好依靠自己。 I have got nothing to do ______________________.
Exercise 5:补全句子。
21. 医生劝我多休息。 The doctor advised me __________________________．
22. 我让他们参加我们的讨论。I got them _____________________ in the discussion．
23. 他们在等校长来。They are waiting for the headmaster ______________________.
24. 大家都认为Jack是个勤奋的孩子。
Everyone thought Jack _________________________________．
25. 我们相信它是真的。We believe it ____________________________.
26. 我看见那位女士锁上了门。 I saw the lady ___________________________．
27. 我们没让任何人进来。 We didn’t let anyone ____________________________．
Exercise 6: 用所给动词适当形式填空。
28. His parents died, _____________ (leave) him an orphan.
29. He rushed to the post office only ___________ (find) it was closed.
Exercise 7: 用所给动词适当形式填空。
30. The man __________________(speak) at the meeting now is from America.
31. Do you know the professor _____________(speak) at the meeting tomorrow?
32. He is the professor ______________(invite) to dinner last month.
Key：
Exercise 1: 略
Exercise 2:
1. to see 2. to be repaired/repairing 3. to have given 4. to be working 5. to have been writing 6. to have been tidied 7. to be held 8. to have been working 9. Reading 10. to finish 11. believing 12. arguing 13. discussing 14. to master 15. to help 16. to arrive 17. what to do but not how to do it 18. but go to school 19. but to give up 20. but depend on myself 21. to have some rest. 22. to join us 23. to come 24. to be hardworking 25. to be true 26. lock the door 27. come in 28. leaving 29. to find 30. speaking 31. to speak 32. invited
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇2：非谓语动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词
I like cooking. ”
He likes cooking.
It' s not easy for me to learn English.
Seen from the space, the earth is a blue sphere.
以上英语句子中____________________等具有动词特征，但是在句子中不能作谓语的动词形式，就叫动词的非谓语形式，也叫非谓语动词。
非谓语动词是不随 _______________变化而变化的，它们不受人称和数的限定，所以又叫“非限定动词”。
动词的非谓语形式有三种：
（1）动词不定式：to study (to + 动词原形)
（2）分词：studying (现在分词)、studied (过去分词)
（3）动名词：studying (形式与现在分词相同)
动词非谓语形式有以下几种形式变化（以write为例）：
形态 主动 被动
动词不定式 一般
进行
完成
完成进行
现在分词和动名词 一般
完成
过去分词 一般 written
一、动词不定式
二、动名词
动名词可以起 ______词的作用，在句子中作主语，宾语，表语，定语。
动名词的否定形式是在前面加上not, never等否定词。
（一）做____________________
Fishing in this lake is forbidden.
Going abroad for a visit and settling down abroad are two different things.
My favorite hobby is fishing/collecting stamps.
My job is teaching.
注意：
在______________; ______________; __________ ; _______________ ; _________________ ;___________________ 等习惯表达中，
It为__________，而将做主语的动名词短语放在后面。例如：
It’s no use /good ringing her up now.
Is it worthwhile bargaining two hours for two cents?
It’s wise trying again.
It is of great importance fighting against pollution.
It is no use operating on the sick man. He should have been sent here early.
It is no good smoking; you’d better give it up.
（二）动名词短语作___________________。
He avoided giving me a definite answer.
David suggested selling your dog and car to pay the debt.
I couldn’t risk missing that train.
常用的能接动名词的动词有：
承认__________，感激__________，避免__________，建议___________，不禁__________，庆祝__________，考虑__________，完成___________，延期__________，忍耐___________，喜欢__________，结束___________，想象__________，保持___________，在意__________，错过___________，允许__________，练习___________，冒险__________，明白___________。
例如：
（三）动名词短语作___________。如：
The children are fond of listening to pop music.
Are you interested in going to the show?
Thomas insisted on doing it in his own way.
Excuse me for interrupting you.
Before finishing your homework, you’d better not go out. 做
（四）动名词也可以有自己的逻辑主语，就是在动名词短语前面加上
_____________________。
I insisted on his (him) going to the cinema with me.
I can hardly imagine Peter’s sailing across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
Linda’s coming will do you good.
What made him angry was their (them) laughing.
（五）动名词的完成式和被动语态：
（1）完成式表示__________________________________。例如：
I apologize for having broken my promise.
I don’t remember having talked with him before.
I regret not having met you before my marriage/before I got married.
（2）当___________________________________，动名词要用被动语态。例如：
I could no longer stand being treated like that.
She was proud of having been trained in the U.K.
He doesn’t like being laughed at.
（六）某些动词可接不定式也可接动名词做宾语，但意义有差别。
（1）like, love, hate, prefer等表示喜爱，厌恶的动词后面，
动名词表示______________________
不定式表示______________________
She likes dancing. But she wouldn’t like to dance with you.
He looked tired and I didn’t like to disturb him.
I don’t like reading, but I’d like to read a magazine in bed tonight.
Little Jim should love to be taken to the theatre this evening.
The reporter would /should like to see you again.
We don’t like talking about people behind their backs.
（2） forget to do sth. ___________________
forget doing sth.___________________
The light in the office is still on. She forgot to turn it off.
The light in the office is off. She turned it off, but she forgot turning it off.
（3）remember to do sth. _________________
remember doing sth. _________________
Do you remember meeting me at a party last year?
You must remember to leave tomorrow。
（4）stop to do sth. __________________
stop doing sth. __________________
She stopped to have a rest on a big rock by the side of the path.
As long as you live, your heart never stops beating,
（5） regret to do sth. _____________________
regret doing sth. ____________________
I regret saying that.
I regret to tell you the following truth.
（6）try to do sth. __________________
try doing sth. _________________
You must try to do it again.
Let’s try doing the work in some other way.
（7） mean to do sth. __________________
mean doing sth. __________________
If it means delaying more than a week, I’ll not wait.
I mean to help you, and nothing else. 。
I didn’t mean to hurt you. I’m sorry.
Declaring Taiwan independent means declaring war on China.
（8） go on to do sth. _____________________
go on doing sth. _____________________
After he finished his maths, he went on to do his physics.
I hope it won’t go on raining all day long.
现在做一些练习：
1．根据括号里的汉语意思用动名词填空：
1) ____________（游泳）is a very enjoyable exercise.
2) His work is ________________(修自行车).
3) Europeans uses an knife and a fork ______________(吃肉).
4) We will only succeed by ____________________(努力工作）.
5) Tom hates __________________(早晨9点以后起床).
6) I could' t help ________________(迟到).
7) _____________________(等着没用) there won' t be another bus.
2. 用动词不定式或动名词填空：
1) He wanted ____ (see) the book I had bought.
2) Please stop ___ (walk) about the room and sit down.
3) I called ____ (see) her yesterday but she was out.
4) In 1969, the United States succeeded in ____ (send) a rocket to the moon and ___ (land) two astronauts on its surface.
5) We decided ___ (put) off the meeting until Saturday.
6) Let me ___ (see) what you are doing.
7) When the professor finishes ____ (speak), we will ask him a question.
8) He made her ___ (go) although she wanted ___ (stay).
9) Please remember ____ (give) her this letter.
10) We heard him ___ (say) that he disliked ____ (go) abroad any more.
11) The child enjoyed ___ (play) at the seaside.
12) The little boy was made ___ (take) the medicine.
13) I watched the shop assistant ___ (take) the goods down for the shelf and put them on the counter.
14) He remembers ___ (go) to Shanghai with his parents when he was five.
15) She had her husband ___ (wash) her dirty linen.
16) The thief kept ____ (say) he hadn’t taken the purse.
17) The policeman saw him ___ (steal) the bicycle and ride away on it.
18) I’ve persuaded him ___ (help) us do the job.
19) You had better ____ (go) home now. It looks like rain.
20) Let me___ (know) if you had decided ____ (go).
21) He promised ___ (come) to our party.
22) I forget ____ (see) you there.
23) Don’t forget ___ (see) your grandma this Sunday.
24) I must apologize for not ___ (let) you know earlier.
三、分词
分词有现在分词和过去分词两种。
作为非谓语形式，分词可用作形容词和副词，在句子中充当定语、表语、补语和状语。但它仍保持动词的一般特征，可以有自己的宾语和状语。分词和自己的宾语、状语构成分词短语。
现在分词有一般式和完成式。它的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为或存在的状态；它的完成式（having + 过去分词）表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作或存在的状态。
现在分词有主动语态和被动语态(being + 过去分词)。
过去分词只有一般式，表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。过去分词（及物动词）本身可以表示被动的含义，因而没有别的被动形式。
（一）用法
1．作定语。
作定语的分词通常放在被修饰的名词________________。
如果被修饰的词是something，anything，everything，nothing等，则分词放在这些词________________。
分词短语通常放在被修饰的名词_________________。
This is an interesting book。
China is a developing country.
a broken heart
a risen sun
There is something interesting in the news。
The man sitting by the window is our math teacher。
The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai。
1. We lived in the house __________________(我舅舅们修建的).
2. Any medicine ________(服用) without the advice of a doctor can cause trouble.
3. We spent two hours discussing the plan ________________ (她制定的).
4. Lessons _____________ (易学的)are soon forgotten.
** ______________ (易学的) lessons are soon forgotten.
2、作状语。分词和分词短语作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、行为方式等意义。表示时间和原因的分词短语相当于对应的状语从句。
时间
When the students saw the teacher entering the room，They stood up。
= seeing the teacher entering the room, they stood up.
When I was walking in the street, I came across an old friend of mine.
__________________________, I came across an old friend of mine.
After he had heard the news, he jumped with joy.
_________________________, he jumped with joy.
The metal expands when it is heated.
___________，the Metal expands.
When he was asked why he did not do it, he began to cry.
________________________________, he began to cry.
原因
As I was excited，I couldn’t go to sleep
_____________，I couldn’t go to sleep。
Because he was a student，he was interested in sports.
______________________，he was interested in sports.
Because they were inspired (激励) by Dr.Yang’s speech，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder
_______________，Li Hua and his classmates decided to study physics harder.
方式、伴随
The children went away。They laughed as they went.
The children went away laughing.
The professor stood there and he was surrounded by many students
The professor stood there，_______________________________
He sat on the sofa, and watched TV.
He sat on the sofa, _____________________
条件
If you work hard, you will succeed.
________________, you will succeed.
If you use your head, you will find a way.
________________, you will find a way.
If water is heated to a certain temperature, it turns into steam.
_________________________________, water turns into steam.
3、作宾语补足语。
现在分词
(I) 用在_____________之后作宾补
1. I saw him running along the street.
2. I felt an ant climbing over my leg.
3. Suddenly I noticed her standing outside.
4. I smell something burning.
5. I hear a girl singing in the hall.
(II) 用在 __________________之后做宾补
1. I would have him waiting for me at the gate of the park.
2. Sorry, I kept you waiting a long time.
3. They shut the door and left, leaving the fire burning.
过去分词
(I) 用在_______________ 之后作宾补。
1. The speaker raised his voice, but he still could not make himself heard.
2. Jane got her bad tooth pulled out at the dentist’s.
3. They are going to have the entrance hall painted white.
(II) 用在 ______________ 之后作宾补。
1. He didn’t notice his wallet stolen.
2. I was washing my clothes when I heard my name called.
(III) 用在 ______________之后作宾补。
1. He did not want such question discussed.
2. I would like my living room painted light blue.
4、作表语。
The result of the test is disappointing.
I feel disappointed in the result of the test.
The story is very interesting
He is interested in the book.
The result is surprising.
I am surprised at what he said.
现在分词作表语，说明主语的性质或特征，意为______________，
exciting, moving, amusing, astonishing, frightening, interesting, relaxing, shocking, surprising, terrifying, tiring etc.
过去分词作表语多表示主语所处的状态，意为_________________，
excited, moved, amused, astonished, frightened, interested, relaxed, satisfied, surprised, terrified, tired etc.
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
（1）被动结构强调___________，而系表结构强调________________
（2）_________________可以接by + 动作的执行者，___________则不行。
The glass is broken.
The glass is broken by Tom.
The bookstore is closed at six.
The bookstore is closed now.
注意：
（1）分词作状语时，_____________ 和 ______________ 一致：
__________at the top of the mountain，I saw lots of people there.
__________from the top of the mountain, the city is beautiful.
__________again, I found the book interesting.
__________again, the book was found interesting.
（2）在see，hear，watch，notice等动词后，
用动词不定式作宾语补语，通常表示_______________________。
如果用现在分词作宾语补语，则通常表示____________________。
We sat two hours and watched the teacher __________ the experiment.
We passed by the classroom and saw the teacher________ the experiment.
（3）在“have+宾语+分词”的结构中，
现在分词表示 _____________________
过去分词表示 _____________________
动词不定式表示 ___________________
He had the fire ___________ (burn) day and night。
Father had me ___________(swim) the whole summer vacation。
Mary had her dress __________(wash).
Tom had his legs ____________ (break)
I had my watch __________(steal) yesterday。
My mother had me ___________ (wash) my dress.
The teacher had me ______________ (clean) the classroom.
（二）分词的时态和语态
上面已经谈到，过去分词可以表示“被动”和“完成”等意义，因此没有时态和
语态方面的形式变化。下面谈一下现在分词的时态和语态。
1.现在分词的完成式(having+过去分词)表示____________________________。
Having written the letter，John went to the post office.
(=After he had written the letter，John went to the post office.
Having lived in Beijing for years，Lao Wang knows the city quite well.
(=As he has lived in Beijing for years，Lao Wang knows the city quite well.)
Having drunk two glasses of water, Xiao Ma felt a little better.
(=After he had drunk two glasses of water Xiao Ma felt a little better.)
2.现在分词的被动语态(being +过去分词)通常表示“正在被…”的意思。如强调现在分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前时，可用现在分词被动语态的完成式(having + been +过去分词)。
The bridge being built will be completed next month.
Having been kept out of the room about half an hour for his returning late，Tom was let in.
exercises:
1、用现在分词或过去分词结构改写下列句子:
1）The teacher is taking a walk on the playground. He is our teacher of English.
2）The birds filled the air with music. They were singing in the trees.
3) Here is a novel. It was written b Lu Xun.
4) The language is English. It is spoken in Australia.
5) Do you know the number of students? They are coming to the English Evening.
6) I could hear the boys. They were playing in the field.
7) He was glad to find the fire. It was burning brightly.
8) I watched them. They were dancing.
9) I saw a man. He was banging at your door
10）Tom rushed into the room. He was covered with snow.
11）Mary sat on the ground. She talked with Jane.
12）I stood at the gate. I was waiting for his arrival.
13) John put on his raincoat because he saw that it was raining.
14) As he was stepping carelessly off the pavement, he was knocked down by the bus.
15) He used chopsticks. He ate his dinner.
16) As he was going downstairs he tripped on the carpet.
17) When I was learning English, I had much trouble in pronunciation.
18) As he himself was one of the exploited Pottier shared their bitterness and sufferings.
19) The bridge had been weakened by successive storms and was no longer safe.
20) What is the book? It is being translated.
21) As we did not know his address we could not get in touch with him.
22) As she had been there many times, she knew the place quit well.
23) As we had not got a reply from them, we became quite worried.
24) Because they had been brought up in the city, they knew little about farmwork.
25) He was a League member. He ought to take the lead in such activities.
2、改正下列句子中的错误(注意分词短语的逻辑主语和句子的主语是否一致)。
Example:
Climbing to the top of the hill, there is a magnificent view to be seen.
-----Climbing to the top of the hill, one can see a magnificent view.
-----If one climbs to the top of the hill, there is a magnificent view to be seen.
1）Being Sunday I shall have a quiet day at home.
______________ I shall have quiet day at home.
2）Entering the house, the door closed with a bang.
3）Walking through the park, the flowers made a lovely sight.
4）Waiting for a bus, a brick fell on my head.
5）Having been away from his hometown for more than thirty years, no one recognize him.
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇3：非谓语动词(人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词
(一)不定式
非谓语动词有三种形式：不定式，动词ing形式(v-ing)及过去分词(ed分词)。
不定式的基本形式是由“to+ 动词原形”构成，其否定形式是not to do，不定式可以带自己的宾语或状语，构成不定式短语，没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化，不定式在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语，不作谓语。如：
Lucy asked him to turn up the radio.
To make a plan first is a good idea.
1. 动词不定式不失动词的特点，有时态和语态的变化，不定式有六种形式，以write为例：
主动态 被动态
一般式 to write to be written
完成式 to have written to have
been written
进行式 to be writing
完成进行式 to have
been writing
(1)不定式的时态：
①不定式所表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生或是在谓语动词之后发生，不定式用一般式，如：
It seems that he knows this.
鯤e seems to know this.
I hope that I'll see you again.
鯥 hope to see you again.
②不定式所表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生，并强调动作正在进行的情景，或持续性，不定式用进行式，如：
He pretended that he was listening to English course when I came in.
鯤e pretended to be listening to English course when I came in.
I am very glad that I am working with you.
鯥 am very glad to be working with you.
③不定式的动作发生在谓语动词之前，不定式用完成式，如：
I am sorry that I have put you so much trouble.
鯥 am sorry to have put you so much trouble.
It seems that I have met you somewhere before.
鯥 seem to have met you somewhere before.
④如果强调不定式所表示的动作从过去某一时刻起一直持续到某一时刻，不定式用完成进行时，强调动作的持续性，不强调结果。如：
She seems to have been reading the novel for three hours.
The rain was said to have been falling for a week.
(2)不定式的语态：当不定式的逻辑主语与不定式是被动关系时，不定式一般用被动式。如：
This is the plan to be discussed at today's meeting.
The novel is said to have been translated into several languages.
Whether most countries can use natural energy in future remains to be seen.
2. 不定式的作用
(1)不定式作主语：
To say is one thing; to do is another.
To read novels is my hobby.
it形式主语常常代替作主语的不定式，而将不定式或不定式短语放在后面。
To talk with him is a great pleasure.
鯥t is great pleasure to talk with him.
To make electricity by building a dam across the sea is possible.
鯥t is possible to make electricity by building a dam across the sea.
注意：①To see is to believe. 主语和表语都是不定式，不能用it代替：It is to believe to see是错误的。
②To answer correctly is more important than to finish quickly. 而finish与finishing放在than后面都是不合适的，因为前面句子的主语是to answer，后面的主语也要是to finish, 保持than前后句子结构平行。
(2)不定式作表语：不定式在系词后面作表语。
At that time his job was to write reports for the newspaper.
This suit doesn't seem to fit me.
The problems remain to be unsettled.
(3)不定式作宾语：在下列及物动词后，常跟不定式作宾语：want, need, hope, wish, expect, like, hate, try, manage, forget, remember, know, begin, start, intend, plan, mean, pretend, prefer, agree, refuse, learn等。
To keep the water clean, you need to get some under water plants.
I prefer to stay at home rather than go out.
They have decided to visit the nature park for the milu deer.
注意：不定式作宾语时，有时用“it”替换，it为形式宾语，而将真正的不定式作宾语后置，如：
I found to learn English well not easy.
鯥 found it not easy to learn English well.
I feel to help others my duty.
鯥 feel it my duty to help others.
(4)不定式作宾语补足语和主语补足语：通常用于及物动词或动词短语之后，如：
Jim told me to give his best wishes to everyone here.
What caused you to change your mind?
在被动语态was considered后面，不定式为主语补足语接不定式作宾补和主补的动词常有:
ask, beg, cause, call n, help, force, allow, permit, advise, order, get, want, wish, tell
等。
(其中没有hope sb. to do, suggest sb. to do和agree sb. to do)
注意：①不定式作宾语补足语，在部分感官及使役动词后，用不带to的不定式作宾语，常用的动词有：let, make, have, see, watch, notice, observe, look at, listen to, feel等，help有无to都可以，如：
The teacher had us recite the text every day.
The boss made his men work all the night.
把上面句子变成被动语态后，不定式成为句子的主语补足语，需带to，即在被动语态中不定式一律带to，不存在省略问题。
注意：②在谓语动词think, consider, suppose, believe, imagine, prove, find等后面跟to be作宾补，不跟to do，但其中有些可跟to have done作宾补。如：
imagine…to be
Imagine yourself(to be)in his place.
find…to be
We found him(to be)honest.
suppose…to be/suppose…to have done.
I suppose him to be about fifty.
We suppose him to have stolen it.
(5)不定式作定语：不定式作定语，有时与前面被修饰的名词逻辑上有动宾关系，如果不定式是不及物动词或所修饰的名词是不定式的地点，工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词，如：
I have a meeting to attend. (attend the meeting)
及物动词+ 宾语
Pass me a piece of paper to write on. (write on the paper)
不及物动词+ 介词+ 宾语
在time, place, way后面的不定式省略介词，如：
He had no money and no place to live.
其他不定式作定语情况，如：
I have no chance to go abroad.
They had never moment to rest.
注意：there be句型中的不定式作定语用主动或被动都可以
There is a lot of work to do.
=There is a lot of work to be done.
There is no time to lose.
=There is no time to be lost.
但是在下列句子中，不定式主动与被动形式意义不同：
--Have you anything to wash?
--No, nothing. I plan to go shopping.
不定式动作的执行者是you. you wash something
--Have you anything to be washed?
--No, Thank you.
不定式动作的执行者不是you. 是省略了的(…to be washed)by me或by someone else.
不定式作状语：
①作目的状语：
I got up early in order to catch the 6∶30 train.
The boy ran all the way so as not to be late.
注意：so as to不能置于句首，in order to可以。
②作原因状语：
He smiled to think of his clever plan.
③在某些形容词后面作状语：
I am glad to see you.
You are sure to succeed.
④作结果状语：
第一, I hurried to the post office, only to find it closed. (出乎意料的结果)
第二，too…to…“太……以至于不……”(to后面译作否定)
He is too old to read.
The boy is too young to dress himself.
当不定式前的形容词为nervous, pleased, willing, delighted, happy, glad等时，too…to，“to…”可译作肯定，
They are too nervous to leave. 他们急于离开
当too前有only, 即only too…to译作肯定
I am only too pleased to help you.
当不定式前有否定意义的词时译作肯定
We are never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。
第三，形容词/副词enough to do sth.
He was quick enough to catch the ball.
The girl is old enough to go to school.
第四，so…as to/such…as to如此……以致于……
He was so angry that he was unable to speak.
He was so angry as to be unable to speak.
He was such a fool that he believed the cheat.
He was such a fool as to believe the cheat.
⑤不定式作方面状语，不定式作方面状语与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式多用主动结构，如果不定式为及物动词，后面不必再跟宾语，如果不定式为不及物动词，要用相应的介词，如：
The mountain is difficult to climb. (动宾关系：climb the mountain)
不定式不说to climb it或to be climbed
Lesson Two is easy to learn. (动宾关系：learn Lesson Two)
有时由形容词+ to do结构一起做宾语补足语
3. 不定式的逻辑主语：不定式的逻辑主语一般是句子的主语，如He seemed to be reading something, 当需要明确指出不定式动作的执行者时，用for/of sb. (sth. )to do sth. 表示，如：
(1)当作表语的形容词表达不定式的逻辑主语的品行，性格，性质时，要用of，常见的这类形容词有:
brave, careful, careless, kind, nice, good, honest, clever, wise, unwise, stupid, foolish, rude, cruel, silly, thoughtful, impolite, polite, right, wrong, 等。这时It+ be+ 形容词+ of sb. /sth. to do sth. 句型，等于sb. /sth. + be+ 形容词to do sth. , 如：
It is very kind of you to say so.
相当于You are very kind to say so.
It is clever of him to win the competition.
鯤e is clever to win the competition.
It+ be+ 形容词+ for sb. /sth. to do sth. 这一句型中的形容词大多为：
easy, important, usual, difficult, hard, possible, impossible, necessary等。这些词只能说明不定式行为的是与非，不能说明不定式的执行者，所以不等于sb. + be+ 形容词+ to do sth. ，如：
1)It is difficult for beginners to read the book.
不能说：Beginners are difficult to read.
但是第一类，即It+ be+ 形容词+ of sb. to do sth. 句型中的形容词，如right, impolite…等如果强调评论人用of，强调评论行为也可用for，应用情况如下：
(1)当sb. 为泛指时，形容词着重评论不定式行为本身，如：
It was not right for the south to break away from the Union.
(2)当不定式为被动语态时，不定式的执行者常常省略，因此形容词只用来评论不定式行为了。
It was unkind for you to be laughed at.
总之for sb. to do sth. 强调不定式行为
of sb. to do sth. 强调不定式执行者
4. 带疑问词的不定式：动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, how, where, when, whether等连用，构成不定式短语，如：
The question is when to start.
They haven't ageed on whether to build a factory here or not.
what to say.
I don't know what to write about.
how to do it.
注意：没有if to do和why to do.
I don't know why to do it. (误)
I don't know why I should do it. (正)
5. 不定式省略“to”的情况：
(1)当and或or连接同一概念的不定式时，或者当它们之间的关系并列一致时，可将and或or后面的to省去，如：
I'd like to go and see a film.
He had to have a job or go hungry.
但是，有时为了表示对照，或加强语气，则不可以省去to，如：
It is easier to say than to do.
(2)不定式在一部分感官或使役动词后面作宾补省略to。
(3)不定式在but(除了……以外)，except后面的使用，如果but, except前有行为动词do, but, except后省去to，如：
They had nothing to do but wait for the doctor.
The whole night he did nothing except watch TV.
(4)在固定句型中：would rather do…than do…/prefer to do rather than do:
1)The bus was so crowded that I'd rather walk home than take a bus.
2)I prefer to play tennis rather than(play)basketball.
6. “to”代表整个不定式：有时为了避免重复，省去不定式后面的内容，保留到不定式符号to, 如果是to be，保留到be，如：
--Will you please give him a message when you see him?
--I'll be glad to.
--Would you like to go shopping with me?
--I'd like to. (或I'd love to)
有时为了强调，也可以不省略。
Do what he or she tell you to do.
(二)动词-ing形式
动词-ing形式由动词原形+ ing构成。动词-ing形式起到名词、形容词和副词的作用，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、状语和宾语补足语，但不能单独构成谓语，其构成形式如下，以do为例：
主动 被动
一般时态 doing being done
完成时态 having done having been done
否定式：not+ 动词-ing.
Learning English is very important to me.
Having been widened, the road took on a different look.
随着-ing在句子中所做的成分不同，所用的时态和语态有不同的要求，关于-ing的时态和语态的详细使用，在下面ing所作的句子成分中讲述。
1. 动词-ing形式作主语：
Seeing is believing.
有时主语太长，可用it作形式主语，将真正主语放在后面。如：
It is fun swimming in a river or lake in summer.
注意：动词-ing与不定式作主语的区别：
①一般情况下可以换用：
It is dangerous playing/to play with fire.
但在口语中用动词-ing形式放在句首比不定式多。
Going shopping is a pleasant thing.
②在下列句型中习惯用-ing作主语，不用不定式：
It is no use
It is no good doing.
It is useless
It is useless only learning English grammar.
It is no good cutting down the forest.
③在there+ be+ no+ 主语结构中，必须用动词-ing作主语：
There is no telling what will happen in the future.
④主语和表语结构相同，对等。
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
2. 动词-ing作宾语：
(1)在及物动词后：
Would you mind my sitting here?
We suggest going out for a picnic on Sunday.
(2)在介词后：
We look forward to seeing you again.
(3)在worth, busy, feel like, look like等形容词后面：
China Daily is well worth reading.
The firefighters were busy putting out the big fire.
They look like winning the relay race.
Suddenly I feel like eating something.
动词-ing做主语或宾语时，一般情况下其逻辑主语为句子的主语，如果需要自己的逻辑主语时，要用物主代词或名词所有格+ 动词-ing，如：
His/Li Ping's coming late, made the teacher unhappy.
Would you mind my/me smoking here?
当动词-ing不在句首时，可用人称代词宾格，名词普通格代替，但逻辑主语为无生命的名词，或泛指时，用普通格，如：
We heard the noise of desks being opened and closed.
3. 不定式与动词-ing作宾语的比较：
(1)在下列一些动词后面常跟动词-ing作宾语，而不跟不定式：
admit, appreciate, advise, avoid, allow, consider, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape,
excuse, face, feel like, finish, fancy, forbid, forgive, imagine, include, keep, mention,
mind, miss, practice, resist, risk, suggest等。如：
He practices speaking English every day.
He admitted having broken the window.
I much appreciate your giving me the chance.
She dislikes doing housework.
He enjoys nothing but playing the computer.
(2)在下列一些动词后只跟不定式，不跟动词-ing作宾语：
want(想要)，hope, expect, wish, decide, would like, refuse, manage, pretend, demand,
offer, afford, plan, wonder, intend…等，如：
I am expecting to get a letter from my parents.
We are planning to build another research center.
I'd like to buy a new car made in the U. S. A.
(3)在下列一些动词后面跟不定式或动词-ing形式作宾语，意义不同，如：
I remember doing this exercise before.
我记得以前做过这个练习。
Remember to post the book for me.
记住帮我把那本书寄走。
归纳：remember doing记得(做过的事，某事已做过)
remember to do记住(去做某事，某事还没做)
We shall never forget hearing Jackson singing.
我们忘不了听杰克逊唱歌的情景。
Don't forget to give my regards to them.
别忘了代我向他们问好
归纳：forget doing忘了(做过的事，某事已做过)
forget to do忘了(去做某事，某事还没做)
I'll try to improve my pronunciation.
我要努力去纠正，提高我的发音。
Since no one answered the front door, why not try knocking at the back door?
既然前门没人答应，为什么不试试后门呢?
归纳：try to do. 尽力去做某事
try doing(用另外一种方法)试一试，试试看
I suggest we stop working and have a rest.
我建议我们停下干活，休息一会儿。
They stopped to listen, but there was no more sound.
他们停下来，听一听，再没什么声音。
归纳：stop to do停下(某事)去做某事，(表目的)
stop doing把某事停下来，(宾语)
What do you mean to do with your old bicycle?
你打算如何处理你那辆旧自行车?
I won't wait if it means delaying a week or so.
如果这意味着要推迟一星期左右，那我就不等了。
归纳：mean to do打算做某事
mean doing意味着做某事
(4)在love, like, hate, prefer后面跟不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，如：
Do you like to eat ice-cream?
I like traveling very much.
I like driving(do drive)fast cars.
(5)在start, begin后面，一般接不定式和动词-ing形式无多大区别，在下列情况下，多用不定式：
①自然界变化：
It started to rain.
Snow started to melt as spring came.
②心理活动，在understand, know, realize等词前面：
I began to understand my mother's feelings.
③begin, start本身为进行时：
Mother was starting to cook in the kitchen when I got home.
(6)在allow, advise, permit, forbid等动词后面，有名词或代词作宾语，用不定式做宾语补足语，如果没有宾语，直接用-ing形式，如：
1)We don't allow parking here.
2)The police don't allow people to park here.
3)He advised me to get an English pen friend.
4)I advise seeing more English films.
(7)need, require, want译作“需要”时，跟动词-ing作宾语，主动表示被动，相当于to be done，如：
The windows require cleaning.
The windows require to be cleaned.
The patient needs operating on at once.
The patient needs to be operated on.
The flowers want watering.
The flowers want to be watered.
(8)在一些固定表达中用动词-ing形式，不用不定式：
can't help doing, be worth doing, devote…to doing, look forward to doing, be/get/become used to doing, object to doing, thank…for doing, excuse…for doing等。
Einstein devoted his life to making a research in science.
I'm looking forward to getting your letter.
We are used to living in the countryside.
4. 动词-ing在句中作表语：
Our plan is setting up a new car factory.
My job is teaching/driving.
这类词作表语，起解释说明主语的作用，主表可颠倒：Teaching is my job. 转换成问句，用what提问：
--What's your job?
--My job is teaching.
这类词作表语，起描绘作用，主表不颠倒，转换成问句，用how提问
--How is your job?
--It is interesting.
--How was your trip?
--It is tiring, but interesting.
5. 动词-ing作定语：
(1)表示被修饰名词的用途：
There are two reading rooms in our school library.
a reading room其含义是A room is used for reading.
The swimming pool in our school is nearly completed.
the swimming pool其含义是The pool is used for swimming.
(2)如果动词-ing形式作定语表示被修饰的名词发出的一个正在进行的动作或某种特征行为，这时被修饰的名词与动词-ing逻辑上有主谓关系，如果是主动关系用doing, 被动关系用done, 或being done表达，另外有时间要求：
第一种情况：主动关系，-ing形式与谓语动词同时进行，或经常发生，用doing，如：
Look at the dancing girl. She is one of my classmates.
Look at the girl who is dancing. ….
China is a developing country.
China is a country that is developing.
注意：①如果动词-ing形式表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，一般不用having done作定语，而用定语从句表达，如：
The teacher criticized the boy having broken the window. (误)
The teacher criticized the boy who had broken the window. (正)
注意：②如果表达的是未来发生的动作，或含有情态概念，用不定式表达，如：
I have a meeting to attend today.
鯥 have a meeting that I will attend today.
Mary is the proper worker to do the job.
鯩ary is the proper worker who can do the job.
第二种情况：被动关系：动词-ing表达的动作与谓语动词同时发生，正在进行，用being done; 发生在谓语动词之前，完成了的动作用done；发生在谓语动词之后，未来的动作，用to be done. 如：
The bridge being built now is two kilometers long.
鯰he bridge that is being built now is two kilometers long.
The bridge built last year is two kilometers long.
鯰he bridge that was built last year is two kilometers long.
The bridge to be built next year will be two kilometers long.
鯰he bridge that will be built next year will be two kilometers long.
6. 动词-ing作宾语补足语和主语补足语：经常在see, hear, feel, watch, notice,
observe, find, get, look at, listen to, keep, leave, send, set, catch等一些动词后面用动词-ing作补语，其中宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上有主谓关系，如果主谓关系是主动的，又表示动作在进行，或状态的持续，用doing; 如果主谓关系是被动的，又表示动作在进行，用being done，如：
I noticed them repairing the car.
鯳hen they were repairing the car, I noticed.
I noticed the car being repaired.
鯳hen the car was being repaired, I noticed.
如果宾语和宾补是主动关系，又表示动作的全过程，即完成或一般时态，宾补用不定式to do表达(在某些动词后面不定式不带to)；如果是被动关系，又表示动作的全过程，即完成时态用done表达，如：
I often notice them repair the car.
I noticed the car repaired.
如果把上述句子变成被动语态，宾语补足语就变成主语补足语了。
7. 动词-ing形式作状语：动词-ing形式作状语时，要求其逻辑主语必须是句子的主语，句子的主语与动词-ing形式逻辑上有主谓关系。如果主谓关系是主动的，用主动语态；-ing动作与谓语动词同时发生用一般式doing, 如果-ing动作发生在谓语动词之前，用完成式having done, 如：
Walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.
相当于When I was walking along the street, I met a friend of mine.
Having finished their work, they had a rest. 相当于After they had finished their work, they had a rest.
如果主谓关系是被动的，用被动语态；-ing动作与谓语动词同时发生，用done；如果-ing动作发生在谓语动词之前，已完成的动作，用被动语态的完成式having been done, 如：
Having been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.
相当于After our classroom had been cleaned and decorated, our classroom took on a new look.
Well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.
相当于As he is well known for his expert advice, he was able to help many people.
注意：-ing形式做状语时，如果-ing形式需要自己的逻辑主语，人称代词用主格，名词用普通格，如：
Mother/She being ill, he had to stay home to look after her.
It being Sunday, the shops are crowded.
(三)过去分词
过去分词由动词+ ed构成，起到形容词和副词的作用，在句中可作状语、表语、定语和宾语补足语。过去分词的性质是被动，完成，但有时侧重程度，有时侧重被动，不及物动词变成的过去分词无被动的意义，过去分词形式由动词原形加词尾-ed构成，及部分不规则的词如：done, played.
①侧重程度：
boiling water 沸水 fallen leaves落叶
boiled water 凉开水 frozen chicken冷冻鸡
developing country 发展中的国家
developed country 发达国家
②侧重主、被动：
a broken glass, a dancing girl, a damaged house.
1. 过去分词的作用：
(1)过去分词作状语：同动词-ing形式作状语一样，过去分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语，如是被动关系，又与谓语动词同时发生，或无一定时间对比，用过去分词，如：
Seen from the top of the mountain, the lake looks like a mirror. (相当于The lake is seen)
相当于When the lake is seen from the top of the mountain it looks like a mirror.
Heated, water can turn into vapor.
相当于If it is heated, water can turn into vapor.
(2)过去分词作表语：
We are interested in science.
(3)过去分词作定语：过去分词作定语，有时间要求，发生在谓语动词之前，即完成的动作，用done，而不用having been done.
The bridge built last year is 2 kilometers long.
People invited to the party are most scientists.
(4)过去分词作宾补：
I noticed the car repaired.
2. 过去分词与动词-ing形式的区别：
(1)作表语和定语的区别：动词-ing形式表示事物对人造成的影响，事物是主动的，常译成令人……，使人……；过去分词表示人对事物的看法产生的心理反应，人是被动的，常译作：感到……如：
The news is surprising.
We are surprised at the news.
这类词很多，如：inspiring, inspired, astonishing, astonished, tiring, tired,
moving, moved, disappointing, disappointed, worrying, worried, encouraging, encouraged, …….
(2)作宾补的区别：宾语与宾补逻辑上有主谓关系，主动用动词-ing或不定式表达，被动用being done或done表达。
We found him standing outside the door.
He found the door locked.
(3)作状语的区别：用作状语的动词，与句子的主语逻辑上有主谓关系、主动用-ing形式，被动用过去分词。
The boy entered the room, followed by a dog.
相当于The boy entered the room and he was followed by a dog.
The boy entered the room, following his father.
相当于The boy entered the room and followed his father.
(4)-ing形式与ed分词都可以作状语，表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、结果、让步、程度，如：
Having brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better. (时间)
After she had brought her father back to England, Lucy helped him to get better.
Disturbed by the noise, we had to finish the meeting early. (原因)
We had to finish the meeting early because we were disturbed by the noise.
Born a free man, he was now in chains. (让步)
Though he was born a free man, he was now in chains.
(If) bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk. (条件)
鯥f you are bitten by a snake, you should send for help and not walk.
The boy ran in, carrying a ball in his arm. (伴随)
鯰he boy ran in and carried a ball in his arm.
He dropped the plate, breaking it into pieces. (结果)
鯤e dropped the plate and broke it into pieces.
(5)-ing形式与ed分词的否定式，由not+ -ing构成：
Not knowing how to do it, I asked him for help.
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇4：非谓语动词用法讲座--不定式
概论：不受主语的人称和数的制约，也不体现时的特征，不能独立充当谓语，只能与一定的助动词结合构成进行体、完成体或被动语态。
形式：不定式、分词、动名词。
I. 不定式
一、主语（体现名词特征）
To know the main facts is not enough.
It is a great pleasure to be here.
It made me happy to find Marry there.
Is it a good idea to go swimming today?
What fun it is to read Mark Twain’s book!
It’s important for us to master English.
It’s kind of you to say so.
二、表语（体现形容词特征）
To see is to believe.
To be kind to the enemy is to be cruel to the people.
My idea is to climb the mountain from the north.
Cf. I am to leave tomorrow.
You are to answer for it.
三、宾语（体现名词特征）
1.agree, ask, choose, decide, demand, determine, expect, hope, learn, like, love, long, manage, offer, pretend, promise, refuse, want, wish等后面可以接宾语不定式。
He agreed to smoke no more.
What did he say he wanted to do?
2.decide, find out, forget, know, learn, remember, see, wonder后可以接不定式特殊结构。
what to do.
where to go.
whom to ask.
I don’t know who to do it.
when to stop.
how to get there.
Which to choose.
从例句得出不定式特殊结构的规律：没有进行时态、没有被动语态、没有why.
四、宾补（体现形容词特征）此时宾语是不定式的逻辑主语。
1. 感觉动词see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe, listen to, look at。
Did you see him go out?
2. 表示“致使”等意思的动词have, let, make, advise, cause, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, invite, permit, persuade, teach, tell, want, warn等。注：有下划线的动词接省略to的不定式宾补。
I made him leave without any hesitation.
I can’t get her to talk.
3.心理状态的动词consider, declare, find, prove, believe, discover, feel, judge, suppose等。
We found him to be dishonest.(to be可以同时省略)
4.短语动词long for, would like, prepare for, wait for, call on等。
The Party has called on us to learn from Lei Feng.
五、定语（体现形容词特征）
It’s time to go to bed.
Have you anything to say for your self?
I have no wish to quarrel with you.
I’ve brought this chair to sit in.
You’ve given me much to think about.
He’s always the first to come and the last to leave.
六、状语（体现副词特征）
1.目的状语(句首或句末)
He was running to catch the bus.
She opened the door for the children to come in.
I took my shoes to be mended.
He went early in order/ so as not to miss the train.
(In order) To draw maps properly, you need a special pencil.
2.结果状语（句末）
She went abroad, never to return.
Would you be so kind as to lend me some money?
He is such as fool as to think he is right there.
The ice is thick enough to walk on.
That’s much too heavy for you to lift.
She woke up early to find it was raining.
I got to the station only to be told the train had gone.
3.原因状语（句末）
He laughed to see such fun.
She seemed surprised to meet us.
I pretended to be happy to know him.(原因)
I pretended to be happy to stop my mother from worrying.(目的)
原因不定式与目的不定式的区别：（1）如果不定式前可以加上in order或，就是目的状语；（2）如果表示目的不定式结构表示的动作后于谓语动词的动作；如果表示原因，不定式结构表示的动作先于谓语动词的动作。
*关于不定式与形容词搭配
A．句子的主语是不定式结构的逻辑主语。
（1） 表示喜怒哀乐的形容词angry, glad, happy, proud, sorry, thankful, astonished, delighted, disappointed, excited, interested, moved, pleased, satisfied, surprised, worried等；
He was delighted to see his old friend again.
（2） 表示运气的形容词lucky, fortunate等；
We are lucky to make such a good friend.
（3） 表示心理状态、个人态度的形容词afraid, anxious, determined, eager, free, ready, willing, prepared, able, disable等；
She was afraid to go out at night.
(4) 表示可能性、确定性的形容词likely, certain, sure;
*He is likely to see Marry.= He will probably see Marry.
=It is likely that he will see Marry.
*She’s certain to do well in the exam.= She will certainly do well in the exam.
= It is certain that she will do well in the exam.
*James was sure to need help.= James will surely need help.
=James will need help, that’s sure.
(5)表示性格特征、行为表现的形容词brave, clever, cruel, foolish, good, honest, kind, lazy, modest, nice, polite, rude, selfish, silly, stupid, wise等；
John was careless to break the cup.
=It was careless of John to break the cup.
转换成由how引导的感叹句时，it is/was常省略，如上句：
How careless of John to break the cup!
B．句子的主语是不定式结构的逻辑宾语。
（1）能转换的
Mary is easy to teach.
=To teach Mary is easy.
=It is easy to teach Mary.
Mary is easy for you to teach.
=It is easy for you to teach Mary.
=For you to teach Mary is easy.
Mary is an easy pupil for you to teach.
=Mary is a pupil easy for you to teach.
这类句型中的形容词通常为cheap, dangerous, difficult, easy, expensive, impossible, funny, interesting, pleasant, hard, important, improper, nice, splendid, strange, useful等。
如果不定式为不及物动词，则要加上介词或副词，如：
Mary is pleasant to talk to.
Foreign countries are often exciting to go to.
（2）不能转换的
The coffee is bitter to taste.
The grass is very smooth to walk on.
This map is clear to read.
These cookies are tasty to eat.
注意：不定式有时用被动语态与主动语态没有区别，如：
This is too important a matter to leave/ to be left until tomorrow.
These books are not strong enough to use/ to be used as a platform.
There is so much work to do/ to be done.
篇5：考点7 非谓语动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
考点7 非谓语动词
1. I think you’ll grow him when you know him better.
A. liking B. to be like C. to like D. to be liking
2. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. the answers ready will be of great help.
A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having
3. Oil prices have risen by 32% since the start of the year, a record US $ 57.65 a barrel on April 4.
A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching
4. My cousin came to see me from the country, me a full basket of fresh fruits.
A. brought B. bringing C. to bring D. had brought
5. There have been several new events to the program for the Beijing Olympic Games.
A. add B. to add C. adding D. added
6. Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title __ to ordinary people their contributions to environmental protection.
A. being given B. is given C. given D. was given
7. Don’t sit there ________ nothing. Come and help me with this table.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. and doing
8. When last valuable, those books enjoyed great success.
A. finding B. found C. being found D. to be found
9. How pleased the detective was what his customer told him!
A. hearing B. to hear C. heard D. to hearing
10. - I’ll thank you my affairs alone. - I will. It is none of my business.
A. to have left B. for leaving C. to leave D. for having left
11. - Is Bob still performing?
- I’m afraid not. He is said the stage already as he has become an official.
A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left
12. in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.
A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing
13. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest in a year.
A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed
14. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to __ since the flood hit the area last Friday.
A. have been missing B. have got lost C. be missing D. get lost
15. from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other county in the world.
A. Being separated B. Having separated C. Having been separated D. To be separated
17. AIDS is said the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area over the past few years.
A. that it is B. to be C. that it has been D. to have been
18. The Chinese are proud of the 29th Olympic Games in Beijing in 2008.
A. hold B. holding C. held D. to be held
19. There is no doubt that hiking is good for the retired couple, but it remains whether they will enjoy it. A. to see B. seeing C. to be seen D. seen
20. - What should I do with this passage? - ________ the main idea of each paragraph.
A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out
21. in 1963, and in Philadelphia, Charles Petti grew so impressed his teachers that he was sent to Barklee School to study Jazz.
A. Being born; having raised B. Born; raised C. Was born; was raised D. Born; raising
22. - I regret you John has been fired. - I can hardly believe my ears. He is such a fine worker.
A. telling B. having told C. to tell D. to have told
23. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered at the party, but not _______.
A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leave C. arriving; leaving D. arriving; to leave
24. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk the good opportunity.
A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost
25. The parents suggested in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.
A. sleep B. to sleep C. sleeping D. having slept
26. I can’t stand with Jane in the same office. She just refuses ____ talking while she works.
A. working; stopping B. to work; stopping C. working; to stop D. to work; to stop
27. I lost my way in complete darkness and, matters worse, it began to rain.
A. made B. having made C. making D. to make
28. The result was not made until last Sunday.
A. to know B. knowing C. known D. to be known
29. When he got off the bus, he found his pocket .
A. stolen B. picked C. gone D. missing
30. I really can’t understand her like that.
A. you treat B. you to treat C. why treat D. you treating
31. While watching television, .
A. the doorbell rang B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring D. we heard the doorbell rang
32. When _________ different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities.
A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared
33. Faced with a bill for $ 10,000, ___________.
A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job
C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John
34. A remote-controlled bomb explored outside a hotel yesterday, at least 12 people.
A. having been injured B. having injured C. injuring D. injured
35. in the USA, Louis has now become the 24th largest city.
A. Being the fourth biggest city B. Once the fourth biggest city
C. It was once the forth biggest city D. The forth biggest city it was
36. a reply, he decided to write again.
A. Not receiving B. Receiving not C. Not having received D. Having not received
37. in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
38. The storm left, a lot of damage to this area.
A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused
39. I’ve never seen anyone run so fast -- _ David go.
A. just watch B. just to watch C. just watching D. just having watched
40. - English has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
- Yes. more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known
41. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ____ the girl and took her away, into the woods.
A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared
C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing
42. If the project by the end of this year is delayed, the construction will be fined.
A. to be completed B. is completed C. being completing D. completed
43. - We do hope we can be of some help, doctor.
- That’s great! blood if you can and many lives will be saved.
A. Give B. To give C. Giving D. Given
44. How many of us , say, a meeting that is not important to us would be interested in the discussion.
A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. have attended
45. “You can’t catch me!” Janet shouted, away.
A. run B. running C. to run D. ran
46. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just a look at the sports stars.
A. had B. having C. to have D. have
47. At last, we found ourselves in a pleasant park with trees providing shade and down to eat our picnic lunch.
A. sitting B. having at C. to sit D. sat
48. into use in April , the hotline has meant for residents reporting water and heating sup ply breakdowns.
A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put
49. more about university courses, call ( 920 ) 746 - 3789.
A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out
50. in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
51. I don’t want like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair.
A. to sound B. to be sounded C. sounding D. to have sounded
52. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise .
A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on
53. and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life.
A. Having given up hope of cure B. With no hope for cure
C. There being hope for cure D. In the hope of cure
54. The manager, it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.
A. who has made B. having made C. made D. making
55. All these gifts must be mailed immediately in time for Christmas.
A. in order to have received B. in order to receive
C. so as to be received D. so as to receive
56. Daddy didn’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, fun.
A. had B. have C. to have D. having
57. He hurried to the station only that the train had left.
A. to have found B. finding C. found D. to find
58. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.
A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken
59. A good story does not necessarily have to have a happy ending, but the reader must not be left .
A. unsatisfied B. unsatisfying C. to be unsatisfying D. being unsatisfied
60. Don’t respond to any e – mails __ __ personal information, no matter how official they look.
A. searching B. asking C. requesting D. questioning
61. Mr. Green stood up in defence of the 16 -year- old boy, saying that he was not the one .
A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed
62. It remains whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.
A. seen B. to be seen C. seeing D. to see
63. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket the desert.
A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover
64. As the twentieth century came to a close, the raw materials for a great national literature were at hand, waiting _ .
A. to use B. to be used C. to have used D. to be using
65. He hurried to the booking office only __ that all the tickets had been sold out.
A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told
66. There was a terrible noise the sudden bursts of light.
A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed
67. football on the playground, the boys felt very happy.
A. Leaving playing B. Left to play C. Left playing D. To leave playing
68. Rather than for help from someone else, how ever difficult the task is, I prefer completing it by my self.
A. to ask B. asking C. ask D. to have asked
69. Which do you enjoy your spare time, playing cards at home or taking a walk in the park?
A. spending B. to spend C. having spent D. to have spent
70. - My son failed to be accepted by the firm after the interview.
- Now that he wasn’t well prepared, he might as well .
A. not try B. not to have tried C. not have tried D. not to try
71. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before .
A. being fully accepted B. fully accepted C. fully accepting D. fully being accepting
72. I must apologize for ahead of time.
A. 1etting you not to know B. not letting you know
C. 1etting you know not D. 1etting you not know
73. To read aloud the English text before breakfast seemed to me a rule .
A. to never break B. never to be breaking
C. never to have broken D. never to be broken
考点小资料（非谓语动词）
I. 介词后的动词不定式只限于作介词except和but的宾语，此时except / but意为“除了，除去”。
cannot help(choose) but + 动词原形：……不能不……； do nothing but + 动词原形：只做……
There is nothing to do but + 动词原形：……只有做……；have no choice but to do：只有做……
The last bus having gone，I could do nothing but go home on foot．(省略 to)
I cannot choose lint tell him the truth．(省略to) / She could do nothing but leave．(省略抛)
I have no choice but to cry．(不能省略to)
II. 不定式作定语与所修饰的名词之间存在着逻辑上的主谓关系或动宾关系。如果作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是其动作的地点、工具等，不定式后须有相应的。介词。但名词way除外。如：He is not a man to tell lies．(主谓关系)
The boy has a nice pen to write with． / We found a way to solve this problem(in)．
通常使用不定式作定语的情况有：(1)不定式表示将来；(2)用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no， all，any等限定词的中心词。(3)用来修饰一些抽象名词，常见的有：ability，disability，chance，idea， fact，excuse，promise，answer，reply，attempt，be her，way，reason，time等。如：During my holiday I burrowed some books to read．(表将来) / She Was the first woman to Will the gold medal in the Olympic Games．(有序数词修饰) / I have no chance to escape．(修饰抽象名词) / Do you have the ability to read French?(修饰抽象名词)
III. 不定式作状语时可以表示目的、原因、结果。表示目的时可用in order to，so as to换用。如：
He sat down to have a rest．(表目的) / He woke up to find everybody gone．(表结果)
I’m very pleased to hear from him．(表原因，主要是表示喜、怒、哀、乐)
He Was too excited to say a word．(表程度) / He is old enough to go to school．(表程度)
◆过去分词、不定式和现在分词的被动式作定语的区别：
这三种形式作定语，主要是体现在动作发生的时间上的区别。过去分词表示的动作或是在谓语所表示的动作之前或是没有一定的时间性；现在分词的被动式作定语时表示的动作正在发生或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；不定式的被动式作定语时，表示一个未来的动作。如：
The bridge to be built is named Stone in honor of the hero．(将要修建的)
The bridge being built is named Stone in honor of the hero．(正在修建的)
The bridge built is named Stone in honor of the hero．(已经修建了的)“
Have you read the novel written by Dickens?(在谓语之前)
He is a teacher loved and respected by all students．(没有时间性) Listen! The song sung is very popular with the young men．(表正在) / The question to be discussed … is very important．(表将来)
在英语中，表示“感觉状态”的动词现在分词和过去分词形式作表语和定语时，现在分词表示“令人感到……”，指主语或被修饰的词给人的感觉；过去分词表示“感到……”，指主语或被修饰的词本身的感觉。如：interesting令人感兴趣的；interested感到有兴趣的
◆过去分词、不定式和现在分词作宾语补足语的区别：
i. 感官动词(see，look at，watch，notice，observe，hear，listen to，feel)和使役动词(have，let， make)后的宾补有三种形式，即原形动词(不带to的不定式)，现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示主动和正在进行，过去分词表示被动完成，不定式表示主动和完成。注意：make不能接现在分词作宾补。如：I heard her sing a Chinese song jut now．(表示主动，完成)
I heard her singing a Chinese song when I passed her room last night．(表示正在进行)
I heard the Chinese song sung many times．(表示被动)
The captain got/have the soldiers moving to- ward the front after a shout rest．(不能用make)
注意：不及物动词的过去分词作宾补表示完成和状态。如：
I looked down at my neck and found my necklace gone．(表示状态)
I Was surprised to find my hometown changed a lot．(表示完成)
ii. 动词leave后接三种形式作宾补时，表达的具体含义是“使……处于某种状态”。如：It is wrong for you to leave the machine running．(主动，正在进行)
The guests left most of the dishes untouched。(被动，完成)
My workmate left, leaving me to do all the rest work．(主动，将来)
My workmate left．1eaving all the rest work to be done．(被动，将来)
◆过去分词和现在分词作状语的区别：
i. 一般来说，过去分词表示被动完成的动作，现在分词表示主动进行的动作。如：
Seen from a distance the mountain looked like a man．
Seeing the mountain，he always thinks of his hometown．
ii. 现在分词的被动一般式表示正在进行的被动动作，过去分词表示被动完成的动作。如： Being helped by the teacher，she will learn English well．
Helped by the teacher, she has learned English well.
iii. 现在分词的被动完成式表示先于谓语动词发生的动作，过去分词所表示的动作，有时发生在谓语动词之前，有时与谓语动词同时发生，有时表示未来的被动动作或状态。如：
Having been used for a long time, the watch needs to be mended.
Used in this way, the word shouldn’t be taken as a verb.
Given more time, we will finish the work perfectly.
◆垂悬分词作状语：垂悬分词是现在分词一种特殊用法，其逻辑主语是句子非主语部分中指人或物的某一名词或代词，或泛指“我们”。如：Searching along the street，it had taken him a long time to find a clinic．(searching的逻辑主语是句中him所指的人)
Walking or sleeping，this subject is always in my mind．(walking or sleeping的逻辑主语是句中my所指的“我”)
Using the electric energy，it is necessary to change its form．(using的逻辑主语泛指“我们”)
IV. 非谓语动词作宾语补足语
i. 感官动词后的宾补可以是doing，do，done，being done的结构，其中being done只用于少数动词后面，如 find，smell，feel等。
ii. have somebody do something让某人做某事 / have somebody doing something让某人一直做某事 / won’t have somebody do something不许某人做某事 / have something done使某事被做 / have something doing让……一直做……
iii. catch，smell，keep，set等只能接doing的结构，表示主动和正在进行。
iv. leave somebody doing something让某人一直做某事
leave something undone使某事只做了一半
leave something to be done事情有待于解决
leave somebody to do something让某人做某事，表示将来
v. with somebody to do something宾补与宾语是主谓关系，表示将来。
with somebody doing something宾补与宾语之间是主谓关系，表示正在进行。
with something to do宾补与宾语间是动宾关系，表示将来，动作执行者在句中找得到。
with something to be done宾补与宾语是动宾关系，表示将来，但动作执行者在句中找不到。
with something done宾补与宾语之间是动宾关系，表示完成。
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇6：非谓语动词专项练习题 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词专项练习题
一、用所给动词适当形式填空：
A . ① I want one magazine ______ . ( read )
② My teacher wanted me ______ this question . ( answer )
③ The woman wanted her husband ______ at once . ( examine )
④ My bicycle wants _______ . ( repair )
B . ① What made you ______ so ? ( think )
② The girl was made _____ a man she didn't love at all . ( marry )
③ The show made me _______ in the study of science . ( interest )
④ He raised the picture to make everyone _______ clearly . ( see )
⑤ He raised his voice to make himself _______ . ( hear )
⑥ My father himself made some candles _______ light . ( give )
⑦ The boss made the workers _______ day and night . ( work )
C . ① You'd better get your own room _______ . ( clean )
② Yesterday he got his wallet _______ . ( steal )
③ You should get your friends _______ you . ( help )
④ The lecture got us _______ . ( think )
⑤ Don't get ________ in the rain . ( catch )
D . ① Did you see somebody _______ into the room ? ( steal )
② I saw him _______ in the room at that time . ( read )
③ She was glad to see her child ________ good care of . ( take )
④ I saw her _______ at the windows , thinking . ( seat )
⑤ She was seen ________ here . ( come )
E . ① I like _______ very much . ( swim )
② I don't like _______ TV at this time . ( watch )
③ He never likes _______ at the meeting . ( praise )
④ I feel like _______ to the cinema . ( go )
⑤ Would you like ______ with me ? ( go )
F . ① The man ______ at the meeting now is from the south . ( speak )
② I don't know the professor ______ at the meeting tomorrow . ( speak )
③ He is the professor _______ to dinner . ( invite )
G . ① It was so cold and he had the fire _______ all night long . ( burn )
② I have a lot of exercises ________ today . ( do )
③ ”Do you have nay clothes _______ today ? “asked Mother . ( wash )
④ You'd better have that bad tooth _______ out . ( pull )
⑤ I want to have him _______ a car for me . ( find )
H . ① He doesn't do anything but _______ all day . ( play )
② We have no choice but _______ . ( obey )
③ I'm thinking of how _______ my English . ( improve )
④ He made an apology for _____ late . ( be )
I . ① He told us about his trip in an _______ voice . ( excite )
② He told us his story in a _______ voice . ( tremble )
③ At the sight of a snake , the little girl was very _______ . ( frighten )
④ The boy was _______ , so I didn't believe him again . ( disappoint )
J . ① He is looking forward to ______ college . ( enter )
② He is looking forward to _____ nothing . ( see )
K . ① When he heard the news , he couldn't help ________ with joy . (jump)
② I couldn't help ______ by the beauty of nature . ( strike )
③ Sorry , I can't help ______ the housework today . ( do )
L . ①______ enough time , we'll do it better . ( give )
②______ a candle , he went on reading . ( light )
③______ from the hill , the park looks more beautiful . ( see )
④______ the people well , we must work hard at our lessons . ( serve )
二、单项选择：（1）
1. Saying always has less difficulty than _____.
A. done B. doing
C. to do D. having done
2. The girl is seriously ill. There is _____.
A. nothing to do but send for a doctor
B. something to do but to send for a doctor
C. nothing to do but to send for a doctor
D. anything to do but sending for a doctor
3. The rest of the money _____ to Alice.
A. is to send B. are to send
C. is to be sent D. are to be sent
4. Although swimming is his favorite sport, yet he doesn’t like _____ today.
A. to swim B. swimming
C. swim D. to have swim
5. She said she was sorry _____ the train, so she had to stay here for another day.
A. missing B. having missed
C. to miss D. to have missed
6. _____ the same mistake again made his parents very angry.
A. His being made B. He has made
C. He had making D. His making
7. I find the man hard _____.
A. to be pleased B. pleasing
C. pleased D. to please
8. You’d better not have the lights _____ all day long.
A. burning B. burned
C. to burn D. being burnt
9. It is _____ thinking about it now.
A. of no use B. not use
C. no use D. not of any uses
10. -Would you like to sing a song for us?
-_____.
A. I prefer not B. I prefer not to
C. I prefer to not D. I wouldn’t prefer
11. He insisted _____ the working site.
A. to be sent to B. being sent to
C. on being sent to D. that to be sent to
12. During the next ten years, she had to work hard _____ for the necklace.
A. paying B. to pay
C. for paying D. in order to paying
13. Janet was angry at _____.
A. my not waiting for her B. I didn’t wait for her
C. me not wait for her D. me to not wait for her
14. I prefer staying at home _____ the theater.
A. to go to B. for going to
C. to going to D. rather than go
15. Please get someone _____ the washing machine. I want to get it _____ as soon as possible.
A. to repair/to be repaired B. repair/repaired
C. to repair/repairing D. to repair/repaired
16. _____ more time, he could have done the work much better.
A. To be given B. To give
C. Given D. Giving
17. The information _____ to us is of great value.
A. brought B. taken
C. being taken D. being carried
18. The building _____ next month will be a modern hospital.
A. built B. being built
C. to be built D. be built
19. Jessie was sick _____ such noise.
A. of hearing B. to hear
C. of being heard D. heard
20. _____, he left the room.
A. Finishing the work B. Had finished the work
C. After finished the work D. Having finished the work
21. _____ afraid _____ behind, Bill studied even harder than ever before.
A. To be/of falling B. Being/fall
C. Being/of falling D. To be/to fall
22. The machine requires _____, so the workers are required _____ ready.
A. repair/to get B. repairing/to get
C. repairing/getting D. to be repaired/getting
23. Everyone dislikes _____.
A. being laughed B. to be laughed
C. being laughed at D. to be laughed at
24. Would you like Helen _____ you since you have some difficulty?
A. helping B. to help
C. has helped D. help
25. He is beginning _____ his mistakes.
A. correct B. to correct
C. correcting D. corrected
26. The Americans can’t use chopsticks _____.
A. to eat B. to eating
C. eating D. to eat with
27. My wish is _____ the people well in the future.
A. to serve for B. to serve
C. serving D. serving for
28. The poor boy, _____ with extraordinary strength, _____ from the ground.
A. filled/rose B. filling/rose
C. full/raised D. filled/risen
29. Most shops are open every day, Sunday _____.
A. including B. included
C. being included D. to include
30. _____ hot, he left only his stomach _____ with a piece of cloth.
A. Feeling/covering B. Feeling/covered
C. Felt/covered D. Felt/covering
31. He advised _____ a meeting _____ the problem.
A. holding/to discuss B. holding/for discussing
C. to hold/to discuss D. hold/discussing
32. _____ the teacher, and he will tell you the answer.
A. Asking B. Ask
C. If ask D. If you ask
33. The thief entered the room without _____.
A. noticing B. being noticed
C. having noticed D. having been noticed
34. I happened _____ the story when she told me about it.
A. having heard of B. to have heard of
C. to be heard of D. to hear of
35. He is said _____ abroad already.
A. having sent B. to be sending
C. to have been sent D. being sent
36. He was made _____ working because of his poor health.
A. stopping B. to stop
C. stopped D. stop
37. Do you consider it any good _____ again?
A. to try B. try
C. trying D. for you to try
38. I regret _____ you that we are unable to offer you a job.
A. informing B. having informed
C. to inform D. to informing
39. I would appreciate _____ back this afternoon.
A. you to call B. you call
C. your calling D. you’re calling
40. She admitted _____ the key.
A. being taking B. to take
C. having taken D. to have taken
41. Besides _____, she is kind and tender.
A. beautiful B. being beautiful
C. she beautiful D. is beautiful
42. I don’t want to speak to you, but I _____.
A. have to speak B. have to
C. must speak D. must
43. I wondered whether the movie was _____ worth _____.
A. very/seeing B. well/being seen
C. very/being seen D. well/seeing
44. The lecturer began by _____ us where the island was, and went on _____ about its history.
A. telling/talking B. to tell/to talk
C. telling/to talk D. he told/talking
45. After seeing the movie, _____.
A. the book was read by him B. the book made him want to read it
C. he wanted to read the book D. the reading of the book interested him
46. -Why doesn’t he take notes?
-He has no pen _____. He seems _____ it.
A. to write/to forget bringing
B. to write with/to forget to bring
C. to use with/to have forgotten to bring
D. to write with/to have forgotten to bring
47. When _____, water can be changed into vapor.
A. heated B. being heated
C. having been heated D. to heat
48. Having finished the work, _____.
A. it was almost six o’clock
B. a postman came and delivered the evening paper and some letters
C. supper had already been prepared
D. we had a rest and then had supper
49. _____, she felt quite shy at the party.
A. As she a stranger B. Being a stranger
C. According to a stranger D. She was a stranger
50. Flank went to the swimming pool _____ swimming.
A. to go B. gone
C. going D. go
51. The _____ girl sat in the corner, crying.
A. frighten B. frightened
C. frightening D. fright
52. On a _____ morning the little match girl was found _____ at the corner of the street.
A. freezing/freezing B. freezing/frozen
C. frozen/frozen D. frozen/freezing
53. They found a _____ old man _____ on the ground when the door was broken open.
A. dying/lying B. dying/lied
C. dead/lied D. dead/lain
54. Be quick, or you’ll get _____ in the rain.
A. to be caught B. catching
C. to catch D. caught
55. Who could have imagined such a sweet-tempered girl as Jane _____ such a thing!
A. doing B. to do
C. will do D. does
56. He told me not to leave the pot _____.
A. uncovered B. to uncover
C. to be uncovered D. uncovering
57. The experience made him _____ the study of science.
A. interest in B. to interest in
C. interesting in D. interested in
58. He managed to make himself _____ with his _____ English.
A. understood/breaking B. understood/broken
C. understand/breaking D. understand/broken
59. Did you hear the sound like that of a door _____?
A. burst B. to burst in
C. burst in D. to be burst in
60. I was deep in thought, so I didn’t notice _____.
A. him to come in B. him come in
C. he come in D. him coming in
61. Have you any objection to _____ there on foot?
A. be going B. going
C. go D. went
62. The wallet was returned to him without anything _____.
A. missed B. to be missed
C. missing D. to miss
63. The teacher was far from _____ with the result of the exam.
A. satisfy B. satisfied
C. being satisfied D. satisfying
64. Hurry up! Mother is sure _____ us at home.
A. waiting B. to wait for
C. to be waiting D. to be waiting for
65. Mr Brown is said _____ a new novel.
A. to writing B. to have been written
C. to be written D. to have written
66. When _____ into a warm room, the ice soon changed to water.
A. to take B. to be taken
C. taking D. taken
67. The old man walked in the street _____.
A. followed his son B. and following his son
C. and followed by his son D. followed by his son
68. _____ with fear, a hungry fox hid himself in a small cave, _____ his tail to the rain.
A. Trembling/exposing B. Trembled/exposed
C. Trembled/exposing D. Trembling/exposed
69. The two farmers _____ what appeared to be small guns forced the enemy officer to hand in his map.
A. carried B. were carrying
C. carrying D. had carried
70. Six _____ nine makes fifteen.
A. added to B. adds to
C. added up to D. added by
71. The lecturer _____ will be here tomorrow.
A. to talk about so much B. to be talking about so much
C. so much talking about D. so much talked about
72. _____ some of the questions _____, the Premier said goodbye to us.
A. Left/unanswered B. Leaving/unanswered
C. Leaving/unanswer D. Left/unanswer
73. _____ her mother had come, her face lit up.
A. Hearing B. Having heard
C. When heard D. When she heard
74. _____ in white, she looks much more beautiful.
A. Wearing B. Dressing
C. Dressed D. Having dressed
75. _____, the boy couldn’t enter his house.
A. Since the key had lost B. The key being lost
C. Lost the key D. Having lost the key
76. The Arctic is considered _____ the northern part of the Atlantic.
A. having been B. to have been
C. to be D. being
77. It is impossible for the work _____ within a month.
A. finishing B. being finishing
C. to finish D. to be finished
78. I am too glad _____ you.
A. to see B. seeing
C. saw D. at seeing
79. There is _____ what the weather will be like.
A. not knowing B. no knowing
C. not know D. no known
80. The bottle _____ the poison was sent to the laboratory for a test.
A. containing B. contained
C. which containing D. which is contained
81. _____ the children, we are all sure everything will be all right.
A. With him taken care of B. With he taken care of
C. With him taking care of D. With he taking care of
82. At first she wanted to go to the cinema, but on second thoughts she decided it would be better _____ at home and _____.
A. stay/work B. to stay/to work
C. stay/to work D. to stay/work
83. He didn’t speak to me, let alone _____ me.
A. help B. to help
C. helping D. helped
84. The people’s government does its best to have the living standard of the people _____.
A. risen B. raised
C. rise D. raise
85. The little girl found her teddy bear _____ under the bed.
A. hiding B. to hide
C. hide D. hidden
86. Mr Smith is _____ to our English evening.
A. more pleased than to come B. more pleased to come than
C. more than pleased to come D. more pleasing than to come
87. Once _____, a bad habit is rather difficult to get rid of.
A. formed B. to be formed
C. forming D. having formed
88. You can have no idea what is _____ to do when you come to see the strange boss.
A. ordering B. being ordered
C. to order D. to be ordered
89. The noise of the door _____ the baby.
A. closing waken B. to close woke
C. closed wake D. being closed woke
90. Please leave a window _____, for it’s too hot.
A. open B. opening
C. to open D. opened
91. _____ not knowing the answer to such an easy question!
A. Hope B. Decide
C. Imagine D. Think
92. He asked to be kept _____ about developments.
A. informing B. informed
C. to inform D. inform
93. _____ everywhere, the wolves had nowhere _____ themselves.
A. Hunting/to hide B. To hunt/to hide
C. Hunted/hiding D. Hunted/to hide
94. It _____ this way.
A. used to do B. used to be done
C. is used to doing D. is using to do
95. They have a lot of difficulty _____.
A. in overcoming B. to overcome it
C. to overcome D. to be overcome
96. Didn’t you forget us _____ together in the countryside?
A. to work B. to working
C. working D. worked
97. You always hear about planes _____ because of technical faults.
A. having been delayed B. being delayed
C. having delayed D. delaying
98. These are needed for _____ clothes, paper and other necessaries.
A. the making of B. making of
C. to make D. makings
99. Have the police caught _____ yet?
A. the prisoner who escapes B. the escaping prisoner
C. the escaped prisoner D. the prisoner have escaped
100. Do you still remember _____ you when you stayed in hospital?
A. my mother and me visiting B. my mother’s and my visiting
C. my mother and me to visit D. my mother and me to have visited
三、单项选择（2）
1. There ______ no classes yesterday, we paid a visit to the Great Wall.
A. was B. being
C. were D. had been
2. The policeman rushed into the room only ______ an old lady lying on the ground.
A. found B. find
C. finding D. to find
3. The boy lay on the ground, his eyes ______ and his hands ______.
A. closing; trembling
B. closed; trembling
C. closed; trembled
D. closing; trembled
4.______, the girls raced on to the second runners.
A. Stick in hand
B. With a stick in her hand
C. Sticks in hand
D. Sticks in hands
5. Each of them got up early ______ to catch the early bus.
A. to hope B. hoping
C. so that D. and
6. How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!
A. hearing B. heard
C. hear D. to hear
7. We should prevent pollution ______ happily.
A. from living B. living
C. to living D. to live
8.I am busy now, so I can’t help ______ the machine.
A. repair B. to have repaired
C. repairing D. fixing
9. Jane came very close ______ a gold medal for Britain in the Olympics.
A. to win B. winning
C. to winning D. to be won
10. The boy seated himself in the corner with his back ______ to his father.
A. turning B. to turn
C. to be turned D. turned
11. ----By the way, when did you get your bedroom ______?
----Last week.
A. to paint B. painted
C. painting D. to be painted
12. He likes ______, but he doesn’t like ______ today because it is too cold.
A. to swim; to swim
B. swimming; swimming
C. to swim; swimming
D. swimming; to swim
13. There is ______ what the weather will be like.
A. not knowing B. no knowing
C. not know D. no known
14. The novel is said ______ into many languages.
A. to translateB. being translated
C. to have been translated
D. having been translated
15. I’m examining the composition he has just finished ______ the possible mistakes in it.
A. correcting B. to correct
C. corrected D. correct
16. They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.
A. to risk going B. risking to go
C. for risk to go D. risk going
17. He spent as much time as he could _____ the child.
A. teaching B. to teach
C. teach D. for teaching
18. ----Alice, why didn’t you come yesterday?
----I ______, but I had an unexpected visitor.
A. had B. would
C. was going to D. did
19. How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!
A. hearing B. to hear
C. heard D. hear
20. ______ the room, a letter was laid on the ground.
A. Entering B. Having entered
C. He entered D. Mrs Green entering
21. They set out ______ for the ______ boy.
A. searching; losing B. searching; lost
C. to search; lost D. to search; missed
22. ______ her mother had come, her face lit up.
A. Hearing B. Having heard
C. When hearing D. When she heard
23. They arrived at their university very late, ______ the gate closely shut.
A. found B. to find
C. find D. finding
24. ----Do you have anything more ______, sir?
----No. You can have a rest or do something else.
A. typing B. to be typed
C. typed D. to type
25. The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.
A. to be informed B. on informing
C. informed D. informing
26. With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.
A. to settle B. settling
C. settled D. being settled
27. Will those ______ the children from abroad come to the headmaster’s office?
A. teaching B. teach
C. who teaches D. who teaching
28. After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.
A. being interviewed
B. interviewed
C. interviewing
D. having interviewed
29. They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.
A. their not being able
B. their being not able
C. them not able
D. them being able not
30. They would not allow him ______ across the enemy line.
A. to risk going B. risking to go
C. for risk to go D. risk going
31. ______ to nuclear radiation, even for a short time, may produce variants(变异体) of genes in human bodies.
A. Being exposed B. Having exposed
C. Exposed D. After being exposed
32. China became the 143rd member of the World Trade Organization on December 11, , thus ______ its 15-year wish to join the global trade body.
A. having realized B. realized
C. realizing D. to realize
33. Tom looked at Jenny, tears ______ his eyes, and shouted out the words ______ in his heart for years.
A. filling; having hidden
B. filled; hidden
C. filling; hidden
D. filled; hiding
34. They apologized for ______ to attend the meeting.
A. their not being able
B. their being not able
C. them not able
D. them being able not
35. Which will you enjoy ______ your vacation, traveling abroad or working in the countryside?
A. to spend B. spend
C. spending D. spent
36. ----Will you please tell us how you can seize the robbers?
----I will spend a whole week ______ in your room to wait for their coming.
A. locking B. to lock
C. locked D. being locked
37. I regret ______ you that they are unable to come to your wedding tomorrow.
A. informing
B. having informed
C. to have been informed
D. to inform
38. He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone ______.
A. noticing B. noticed
C. to notice D. being noticed
39. After ______ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.
A. being interviewed
B. interviewed
C. interviewing
D. having interviewed
40. He spoke in such a high voice ______ out in the street.
A. as to be heard B. to be heard
C. as to hear D. to hear
41. As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be set up in every town ______ 50 households or more.
A. having B. to have
C. to have had D. having had
42. The building project ______ next year is, I think, not easy ______ in time.
A. being carried out; to complete
B. carried out; to be completed
C. to be carried out; to complete
D. to be carried out; to be completed
43. The reason ______ she gave for not coming to the party is that her mother wouldn’t allow her to.
A. that B. what
C. why D. because
44. Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the Grand Hotel? I thought it was on this corner, but I seem to ______ a mistake.
A. make B. be making
C. having made D. have made
45. ----Here’s a new pair of shoes for you.
----Thank you, but there’s no need ______ a new pair for me.
A. to have bought B. to buy
C. buying D. to be buying
46. What worried the boy most was ______ to visit his father in the hospital.
A. his not allowing
B. his not being allowed
C. having not been allowed
D. his being not allowed
47. To do a bit for the motherland, ______.
A. working hard is necessary
B. to learn a foreign language is needed
C. it is important to master science
D. one should serve the people whole-heartedly
48. Everything ______ into consideration, they ought to have another chance.
A. to take B. taken
C. to be taken D. taking
49. The officials discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next month.
A. carry out B. carrying out
C. to carry out D. carried out
50. With a lot of difficult problems ______, the manager felt worried all the time.
A. to settle B. settling
C. settled D. being settled
51. ----Do you have anything more ______, sir?
----No, you can have a rest or do something else.
A. typing B. to be typed
C. typed D. to type
52. The manager promised to keep me ______ of how our business was going on.
A. to be informed B. on informing
C. informed D. informing
1-5 BACAD 6-10 DDACB 11-15 CBACD 16-20 CACAD
21-25 CBCBB 26-30 DBABB 31-35 ABBBC 36-40 BCCCC
41-45 BBDCC 46-50 DADBA 51-55 BBADA 56-60 ADBCB
61-65 BCBDD 66-70 DDACA 71-75 DBDCB 76-80 CDABA
81-85 CDABD 86-90 CADDA 91-95 CBDBC 96-100 CBACA
答案：
A. 1.to read 2. to answer 3. (to be) examined 4. repairing / to be repaired
B. 1. think 2. to marry 3. interested 4. see 5. heard 6. to give 7. working
C. 1. cleaned 2. stolen 3. to help 4. thinking 5. caught
D. 1. steal 2. reading 3. taken 4. seated 5. to come
E. 1. swimming 2. to watch 3. being praised 4. going 5. to go
F. 1. speaking 2. to speak 3. invited
G. 1. burning 2. to do 3. to be washed 4. pulled 5. find
H. 1. 1. play 2. to obey 3. to improve 4. being
I. 1. excited 2. trembling 3. frightened 4. disappointing
J. 1. 1. entering 2. see
K. 1. 1. jumping 2. being struck 3. (to) do
A. 1. Given 2. Having lit 3. Seen 4. To serve
答案：
1------5BDBAB 6------10DDACD
11------15BDBCB 16------20AACBD
21------25CDDBC 26------30AAAAA
31------35ACCAA 36-----40CDAAA
41------45ACADA 46------50BDBDA
51-----55BC
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇7：非谓语动词专练 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词专练
--（动词不定式，现在分词，过去分词）
1. ___________ black and blue, the lady couldn’t move.
A. Beaten B. Beating C. To be beaten D. To beat
2. Most of the men _________ to the party were from town.
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited
3. When I got back, I saw a message ____ to the door _____ “ Sorry to miss you; will call later.”
A. pin, read B. pinning, reading C. pinned, reading D. pinned, read
4. With a lot of different problems _______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
5. With a lot of different problems __________ , the newly-elected president is very pleased.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
6. ________ poor in English, I’m afraid I can’t make myself __________.
A. To be; understand B. I’m; to understand C. Being; understanding D. Being；understood
7. _________ the room, the nurse found the tape-recorder ________.
A. Entering; stealing B. Entering; gone
C. To have entered; being stolen D. Having entered; to be stolen
8. English is a language ______________ in many countries.
A. spoken B. speaking C. be spoken D. to speak
9. I should say sorry to him. I regret ___________ to help him that day.
A. refusing B. to refuse C. refused D. refuse
10. Professor Li is often seen ___________ something in his office.
A. to write B. write C. wrote D. written
11. Do you still remember __________ to your hometown ten years ago?
A. taken B. to take C. to be taken D. being taken
12. She is not used _________ in the city.
A. to live B. to living C. to have lived D. live
13. Hurry up! He is sure _________ us at the gate.
A. waiting B. to wait C. to be waiting D. to be waiting for
14. _________ everywhere, the wolves had no where _________ themselves.
A. Hunting; hiding B. To hunt; to hide C. Hunted; hiding D. Hunted; to hide
15. This is a _________ car.
A. use B. using C. to be used D. used
16. When ________, ice changes into water.
A. to heat B. heating C. heated D. they are heated
17. Charlie Chaplin is considered __________ a great contribution to the film industry.
A. to make B. making C. to have made D. having made
18. _________ with you, we still have a long way to go.
A. Comparing B. To compare C. Having compared D. Compared
19. They haven’t decided when __________ for Shanghai.
A. to be leaving B. to leave C. leaving D. leave
20. I don’t know the girl ___________ in the snow storm.
A. to catch B. caught C. catching D. to be catching
21. Nobody enjoys ________ fun of in public.
A. to make B. making C. being made D. to be made
22. Do you know the girl ________ on a stone?
A. sit B. seating C. seated D. sat
23. I feel like __________ a long walk. Would you like _________ with me ?
A. taking; going B. to take; going C. taking; to go D. to take; to go
24. Don’t forget __________ the letter for me when you pass by the post office.
A. post B. to post C. posted D. posting
25. Hearing the good news, he couldn’t help _________.
A. jumping with joy B. to jump with joy C. jump with joy D. jumped with joy
26. The girl __________ down by a car lay dying.
A. knock B. knocking C. knocked D. to knock
27. You should keep on _________ English every day in order to improve it.
A. to practise to speak B. to practise speaking C. practising to speak D. practising speaking
28. In those days my family didn’t have enough room _________.
A. to live B. living in C. to live in D. living
29. ___________ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
30. She told me ________ about my lessons.
A. needn’t worry B. don’t worry C. not to worry D. not worry
31. The teacher walked to the lab, ______________.
A. followed by his students
B. his students followed
C. and followed by his students
D. both A and B
32. The lecture __________ will be given the day after tomorrow.
A. has been talked about B. to talk about
C. so much talked about D. so much talking of
33. The ___________ girl sat in the corner, crying.
A. frighten B. frightened C. frightening D. fright
34. I have had my bike ______, and I’m going to have somebody ______ my radio tomorrow.
A. repair; to repair B. repairing; to be repaired
C. repaired; repair D. to repair; repairing
35. You must get the work ________ before Friday.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
36. Prices of daily goods __________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.
A. are bought B. bought C. been bought D. buying
参考答案：
1-5 ABCCA 6-10 DBAAA 11-15 DBDDD 16-20 CCDBB 21-25 CCCBA 26-30 CDCAC
31-36 ACBCDB
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇8：高三英语复习（非谓语动词 ） (人教版高三英语上册教学论文)
高三英语复习专题（非谓语动词 ）
(出题人：张伟)
1. -- What’s made you so upset?
-- ______ three tickets to the pop music concert.
A. Lost B. Losing C. Because of losing D. Since I lost
2. Excuse me, but it’s time to have your temperature _______.
A. taking B. to be taken C. take D. taken
3. Though he had often made his sister ______, today he was made _______ by his sister.
A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry
4. I feel like ______ a long walk. Would you like ______ with me?
A. taking; going B. taking; to go C. to take; to go D. to take; going
5. Every minute is made full ______ of ______ our lessons well.
A. to use; studying B. use; studying C. use; to study D. used; studying
6. None of the criminals escaped ______.
A. be punished B. being punished C. to be punished D. punishing
7. Why do you have the lights ______ all night long?
A. burn B. to burn C. burning D. burned
8. ______ the past, our life is much better.
A. Comparing with B. Be compared C. To compare with D. Compared with
9. ______ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in
the sky and ______ them light .
A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving
10. ______ all the time is the key to ______ progress in English.
A. Practise; making B. Practising; make
C. To practise; making D. To practise; make
11. ______ of plastics, the machines are light in weight.
A. To make B. Having made C. Being made D. Made
12. The ______ morning, the father came into the lonely house, ______ by his naughty boy.
A. following; following B. followed; followed
C. following; followed D. followed; following
13. ______ the exam, the boy was punished by his father.
A. No passing B. Having passed C. Not passing D. Not having passed
14. He is often listened ______ in the next room.
A. to to sing B. to sing C. sing D. sang
15. Is this the watch you wish to ______?
A. have it repaired B. repair it C. have repaired D. have repaired it
16. The way he thought of ______ the problem is practical.
A. solving B. to solve C. how to solve D. how to settle
17. Wet umbrellas are not allowed ______ into the hotel.
A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking
18. She returned home only ______ the door open and something ______.
A. to find; missed B. found; to be missing
C. to find; missing D. finding; to be missed
19. I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way home, but unfortunately for
me, I found my color TV set ________ when I got home .
A. lying; stolen B. laying; stealing C. lay; stolen D. lying; stealing
20. -- Did you close the door when you left?
-- Yes, I remember ______ it, for it remains ______.
A. to close; closed B. closing; locking C. to close; to be locked D. closing; locked
21. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ______ after her son and her daughter and was also pleased
to see children well ______ care of in the nursery.
A. looked; taken B. looking; taken C. looked; took D. looking; taking
22. Victor apologized for ______ to inform me of the change in the plan.
A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able
23. The Bunsen Burner is so famous because it is thought ______ by Robert Bunsen.
A. to be invented B. having been invented
C. invented D. to have been invented
24. Time ______, I can have done it better.
A. permits B. be permitted C. permitting D. to permit
25. We appreciate ______ us to the ball.
A. them to invite B. to invite C. their inviting D. being invited
26. ______ his mother, the baby could not help ______. .
A. To see; to laugh B. Seeing; laughing C. Seeing; to laugh D. To see; laughing
27. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ______ your advice!
A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow
28. People will be encouraged to eat healthy food, ______ and to drink less beer and wine.
A. not to smoke B. don’t smoke C. not smoke D. not smoking
29. ______ in the heavy snow, he walked into an expensive shop.
A. Catching B. Having been caught C. Caught D. To be caught
30. ______ from space, the earth, with water ______ seventy percent of its surface, looks like a
“blue ball”.
A. Seen; covered B. Seen; covering C. Seeing; covering D. Seeing; covering
31. This book is worthy ______ twice.
A. reading B. read C. having been read D. to be read
32. _______, he went to ask his teacher.
A. Not known how to do it B. Unknown what to do
C. Knowing not how to do D. Not knowing how to do it
33. -- I would like to buy an expensive camera.
-- Well, we have several models ______.
A. to choose from B. to choose C. to be chosen D. for choice
34. I regret ______ you that we are unable to offer you employment.
A. informing B. having informed C. to inform D. to informing
35. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _______.
A. being fully accepted B. fully accepted
C. fully accepting D. fully being accepting
36. It was ______ the radio that the young man spent a whole morning in his room.
A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to be repairing
37. Autumn ______ on, the leaves on the trees began falling.
A. coming B. come C. comes D. was coming
38. Before he went abroad, he spent as much time as he ______ English.
A. could learning B. learned C. to learn D. could learn
39. Mr. Smith, ______of the ______ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
40. Mr. Smith stood up in defence of the boy, ______ that he was not the one ______.
A. to say; blamed B. saying; to blame
C. said; blaming D. saying; to be blamed
41. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported ______ since the flood hit the area last
Friday.
A. getting lost B. to be missing
C. having got lost D. to have been missing
42. Isn’t it time you ______ down to ______the papers?
A. get; mark B. got; marking
C. get; marking D. got; being marking
43. ______ and I’ll get the work finished.
A. One more hour B. Given one more hour
C. Have one more hour D. If I have one more hour
44. I can’t stand _____ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses to stop _____ while she works.
A. working; talking B. working; to talk C. to work; talking D. to work; to talk
45. To his disappointment, the opinion he had stuck to ______ wrong.
A. turn out B. turned out C. turning out D. was turned out
46. Such ______ the case, I couldn’t help but ______ him.
A. being; support B. is; to support C. has been; supporting D. be; supported
47. The noise of the desks ______ could be heard in the next classroom.
A. being opened and closed B. opened and closed
C. having been opened and closed D. to be opened and closed
48. Generally ______, when ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. speaking; taking B. spoken; taken
C. speaking; taken D. spoken; to be taken
49. The earthquake ____ the tsunami(海啸) happened deep under the sea, ___ over 200,000 people.
A. caused; killed B. caused; killing C. causing; killed D. causing; killing
50. Walking out of the room with a _____ smile on his face, he turned _____ goodbye to the host.
A. forcing; to say B. forced; saying C. forcing; saying D. forced; to say
51. With two children ______ university this September, the parents are working hard.
A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. having attended
52. The car burns more fuel. But ___ it or not, ____ all things into consideration, it’s still a good car.
A. believe; taking B. believe; taken
C. to believe; to take D. to believe; having taken
53. The story ______ by the writer is very ______ with many middle school students in China.
A. /; popular B. written; welcome C. writing; agreed D. written; pleased
54. It’s no use ______ with him. You might as well ______ with a stone wall.
A. arguing; argue B. to argue; arguing C. arguing; arguing D. to argue; argue
55. With his son ______, the old man felt _______.
A. disappointed; disappointing B. disappointing; disappointed
C. being disappointed; disappointed D. to disappoint; disappointing
56. It’s ______ cold! I can’t get the engine ______.
A. frozen; go B. freezing; going C. freeze; got D. freezing; to go
57. Finding her car stolen, _______.
A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman
58. I was cycling in the street when I heard an old woman ______ out a ______ cry and then saw
her bleeding badly.
A. give; frighten B. give; frightened
C. giving; frightening D. to give; frightened
59. Can you imagine a little boy ______ a stranger ______ into the house and ______ a box away?
A. notice; enter; steal B. watching; coming; taking
C. observed; going; getting D. seeing; steal; carry
59. As I will be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate ______ from you now and then ______ me
how everyone is getting along.
A. hearing; tell B. to hear; tell C. hearing; telling D. to hear; to tell
61. Everybody laughed, ______.
A. I included B. me included C. I including D. me including
62. ______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than whose
command of English is poor.
A. Other things being equal B. Other things were equal
C. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal
KEY:
1-5 BDABC 6-10 BCDDC 11-15 DCDAC 16-20 BACAD 21-25 BCDCC 26-30 BCACB 31-35 DDACA 36-40 CAAAB 41-45 DBAAB 46-50 AACDD 51-55 CAAAB 56-60 BDBDC 61-62 BA
高三英语复习专题（非谓语动词 ）
(出题人：张伟)
1. -- What’s made you so upset?
-- ______ three tickets to the pop music concert.
A. Lost B. Losing C. Because of losing D. Since I lost
2. Excuse me, but it’s time to have your temperature _______.
A. taking B. to be taken C. take D. taken
3. Though he had often made his sister ______, today he was made _______ by his sister.
A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry
4. I feel like ______ a long walk. Would you like ______ with me?
A. taking; going B. taking; to go C. to take; to go D. to take; going
5. Every minute is made full ______ of ______ our lessons well.
A. to use; studying B. use; studying C. use; to study D. used; studying
6. None of the criminals escaped ______.
A. be punished B. being punished C. to be punished D. punishing
7. Why do you have the lights ______ all night long?
A. burn B. to burn C. burning D. burned
8. ______ the past, our life is much better.
A. Comparing with B. Be compared C. To compare with D. Compared with
9. ______ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in
the sky and ______ them light .
A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving
10. ______ all the time is the key to ______ progress in English.
A. Practise; making B. Practising; make
C. To practise; making D. To practise; make
11. ______ of plastics, the machines are light in weight.
A. To make B. Having made C. Being made D. Made
12. The ______ morning, the father came into the lonely house, ______ by his naughty boy.
A. following; following B. followed; followed
C. following; followed D. followed; following
13. ______ the exam, the boy was punished by his father.
A. No passing B. Having passed C. Not passing D. Not having passed
14. He is often listened ______ in the next room.
A. to to sing B. to sing C. sing D. sang
15. Is this the watch you wish to ______?
A. have it repaired B. repair it C. have repaired D. have repaired it
16. The way he thought of ______ the problem is practical.
A. solving B. to solve C. how to solve D. how to settle
17. Wet umbrellas are not allowed ______ into the hotel.
A. to be taken B. to take C. taken D. taking
18. She returned home only ______ the door open and something ______.
A. to find; missed B. found; to be missing
C. to find; missing D. finding; to be missed
19. I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way home, but unfortunately for
me, I found my color TV set ________ when I got home .
A. lying; stolen B. laying; stealing C. lay; stolen D. lying; stealing
20. -- Did you close the door when you left?
-- Yes, I remember ______ it, for it remains ______.
A. to close; closed B. closing; locking C. to close; to be locked D. closing; locked
21. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ______ after her son and her daughter and was also pleased
to see children well ______ care of in the nursery.
A. looked; taken B. looking; taken C. looked; took D. looking; taking
22. Victor apologized for ______ to inform me of the change in the plan.
A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able
23. The Bunsen Burner is so famous because it is thought ______ by Robert Bunsen.
A. to be invented B. having been invented
C. invented D. to have been invented
24. Time ______, I can have done it better.
A. permits B. be permitted C. permitting D. to permit
25. We appreciate ______ us to the ball.
A. them to invite B. to invite C. their inviting D. being invited
26. ______ his mother, the baby could not help ______. .
A. To see; to laugh B. Seeing; laughing C. Seeing; to laugh D. To see; laughing
27. Look at the trouble I am in! If only I ______ your advice!
A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow
28. People will be encouraged to eat healthy food, ______ and to drink less beer and wine.
A. not to smoke B. don’t smoke C. not smoke D. not smoking
29. ______ in the heavy snow, he walked into an expensive shop.
A. Catching B. Having been caught C. Caught D. To be caught
30. ______ from space, the earth, with water ______ seventy percent of its surface, looks like a
“blue ball”.
A. Seen; covered B. Seen; covering C. Seeing; covering D. Seeing; covering
31. This book is worthy ______ twice.
A. reading B. read C. having been read D. to be read
32. _______, he went to ask his teacher.
A. Not known how to do it B. Unknown what to do
C. Knowing not how to do D. Not knowing how to do it
33. -- I would like to buy an expensive camera.
-- Well, we have several models ______.
A. to choose from B. to choose C. to be chosen D. for choice
34. I regret ______ you that we are unable to offer you employment.
A. informing B. having informed C. to inform D. to informing
35. New ideas sometimes have to wait for years before _______.
A. being fully accepted B. fully accepted
C. fully accepting D. fully being accepting
36. It was ______ the radio that the young man spent a whole morning in his room.
A. to repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to be repairing
37. Autumn ______ on, the leaves on the trees began falling.
A. coming B. come C. comes D. was coming
38. Before he went abroad, he spent as much time as he ______ English.
A. could learning B. learned C. to learn D. could learn
39. Mr. Smith, ______of the ______ speech, started to read a novel.
A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring
40. Mr. Smith stood up in defence of the boy, ______ that he was not the one ______.
A. to say; blamed B. saying; to blame
C. said; blaming D. saying; to be blamed
41. Police are now searching for a woman who is reported ______ since the flood hit the area last
Friday.
A. getting lost B. to be missing
C. having got lost D. to have been missing
42. Isn’t it time you ______ down to ______the papers?
A. get; mark B. got; marking
C. get; marking D. got; being marking
43. ______ and I’ll get the work finished.
A. One more hour B. Given one more hour
C. Have one more hour D. If I have one more hour
44. I can’t stand _____ with Jane in the same office. She just refuses to stop _____ while she works.
A. working; talking B. working; to talk C. to work; talking D. to work; to talk
45. To his disappointment, the opinion he had stuck to ______ wrong.
A. turn out B. turned out C. turning out D. was turned out
46. Such ______ the case, I couldn’t help but ______ him.
A. being; support B. is; to support C. has been; supporting D. be; supported
47. The noise of the desks ______ could be heard in the next classroom.
A. being opened and closed B. opened and closed
C. having been opened and closed D. to be opened and closed
48. Generally ______, when ______ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
A. speaking; taking B. spoken; taken
C. speaking; taken D. spoken; to be taken
49. The earthquake ____ the tsunami(海啸) happened deep under the sea, ___ over 200,000 people.
A. caused; killed B. caused; killing C. causing; killed D. causing; killing
50. Walking out of the room with a _____ smile on his face, he turned _____ goodbye to the host.
A. forcing; to say B. forced; saying C. forcing; saying D. forced; to say
51. With two children ______ university this September, the parents are working hard.
A. attended B. attending C. to attend D. having attended
52. The car burns more fuel. But ___ it or not, ____ all things into consideration, it’s still a good car.
A. believe; taking B. believe; taken
C. to believe; to take D. to believe; having taken
53. The story ______ by the writer is very ______ with many middle school students in China.
A. /; popular B. written; welcome C. writing; agreed D. written; pleased
54. It’s no use ______ with him. You might as well ______ with a stone wall.
A. arguing; argue B. to argue; arguing C. arguing; arguing D. to argue; argue
55. With his son ______, the old man felt _______.
A. disappointed; disappointing B. disappointing; disappointed
C. being disappointed; disappointed D. to disappoint; disappointing
56. It’s ______ cold! I can’t get the engine ______.
A. frozen; go B. freezing; going C. freeze; got D. freezing; to go
57. Finding her car stolen, _______.
A. a policeman was asked to help B. the area was searched thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere D. she hurried to a policeman
58. I was cycling in the street when I heard an old woman ______ out a ______ cry and then saw
her bleeding badly.
A. give; frighten B. give; frightened
C. giving; frightening D. to give; frightened
59. Can you imagine a little boy ______ a stranger ______ into the house and ______ a box away?
A. notice; enter; steal B. watching; coming; taking
C. observed; going; getting D. seeing; steal; carry
59. As I will be away for at least a year, I’d appreciate ______ from you now and then ______ me
how everyone is getting along.
A. hearing; tell B. to hear; tell C. hearing; telling D. to hear; to tell
61. Everybody laughed, ______.
A. I included B. me included C. I including D. me including
62. ______, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than whose
command of English is poor.
A. Other things being equal B. Other things were equal
C. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal
KEY:
1-5 BDABC 6-10 BCDDC 11-15 DCDAC 16-20 BACAD 21-25 BCDCC 26-30 BCACB 31-35 DDACA 36-40 CAAAB 41-45 DBAAB 46-50 AACDD 51-55 CAAAB 56-60 BDBDC 61-62 BA
高三英语复习专题（非谓语动词 ）
(出题人：张伟)
1. -- What’s made you so upset?
-- ______ three tickets to the pop music concert.
A. Lost B. Losing C. Because of losing D. Since I lost
2. Excuse me, but it’s time to have your temperature _______.
A. taking B. to be taken C. take D. taken
3. Though he had often made his sister ______, today he was made _______ by his sister.
A. cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry
4. I feel like ______ a long walk. Would you like ______ with me?
A. taking; going B. taking; to go C. to take; to go D. to take; going
5. Every minute is made full ______ of ______ our lessons well.
A. to use; studying B. use; studying C. use; to study D. used; studying
6. None of the criminals escaped ______.
A. be punished B. being punished C. to be punished D. punishing
7. Why do you have the lights ______ all night long?
A. burn B. to burn C. burning D. burned
8. ______ the past, our life is much better.
A. Comparing with B. Be compared C. To compare with D. Compared with
9. ______ better attention, the vegetables could have grown better with the sun shining brightly in
the sky and ______ them light .
A. Giving; given B. Given; given C. Giving; giving D. Given; giving
10. ______ all the time is the key to ______ progress in English.
A. Practise; making B. Practising; make
C. To practise; making D. To practise; make
11. ______ of plastics, the machines are light in weight.
A. To make B. Having made C. Being made D. Made
12. The ______ morning, the father came into the lonely house, ______ by his naughty boy.
A. following; following B. followed; followed
C. following; followed D. followed; following
13. ______ the ex
篇9：非谓语动词 (新课标版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词专题
不定式的用法：
1．作主语；不定式短语作主语时，往往放在谓语之后，用it作形式主语。
To see is to believe.
It’s right to give up smoking.
2．作表语；My job is to help the patient.
3． 作宾语；有些动词后只能用动词不定式作宾语，如：afford, agree, ask, decide, desire, expect, fail, hope, manage, promise, pretend, plan, intend, refuse, wish等。
4．作宾补；动词不定式作动词feel, hear, see, watch, notice, observe等感官动词以及have, let, make等使役动词后面的宾语补足语时，不定式to符号要省略。但如果这些句子变成被动结构时，就必须带to符号。如：
I often hear him sing the song.
He is often heard to sing the song.
注意： 动词不定式在介词but后面时， 如果介词之前有行为动词do的各种形式，那么，这些介词后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。另外，在can’t choose but和can’t help but等后面的不定式也省略to。如；
We could do nothing but wait.
We have no choice but to wait.
5．作定语；1）. 作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点，工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。如：
There is nothing to worry about.
The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
Please give me a knife to cut with.
但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time,place或way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如：
He had no and no place to live.
We found a way to solve this problem.
2）. 当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义有所不同。试比较：
Have you anything to send? / Have you anything to be sent?
3）. 不定式作定语的几种情况：
a.作后置定语可表将来：The meeting to be held tomorrow is very important.
b.用来修饰被序数词，最高级等限定的中心词：
He was the best man to do the job.
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
c.用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：ability, chance, idea, fact, answer, reply, attempt等。如：
Do you have the ability to read and write English?
I have no chance to go sightseing.
6．作状语；表目的，原因，结果或条件。如：
I came here to see you.(目的)
He hurried to the school to find nobody there.(结果)
To look at him, you would like him.(条件)
在某些形容词作表语，表示喜，怒，哀，乐后跟不定式表原因。如：
We were very excited to hear the news.
在带有enough或too的句子里，也常用不定式作状语，表示程度。
He is old enough to go to school.
She is too tired to do the job.
注意：目的状语还可以用in order to或so as to来表示但so as to不能置于句首。
7．作独立成分；如：
To tell you the truth, I have got no money about me.
To be honest, I know nothing about it.
不定式与疑问词who, which, when, where, how, what等连用，在句中起名词作用，可充当主语，表语，宾语等。如：
He didn’t know what to say.(宾语)
When and where to hold the meeting is not known yet.(主语)
My question was how to get so many books.(表语)
注意句型：Why not do sth.? Why do sth.?
不定式的主动(to do )和被动(to be done)
判断不定式是主动还是被动，关键看不定式中的动词与主句的主语之间的关系，主动即用“to do”，被动即用“to be done”; 如果与主句主语之间没有关系，则看其与逻辑主语之间的关系，如果是被动，则用“to be done”.试比较：
1) I have some clothes to wash, so I can’t go out now.(自己洗衣服)
2) Are you free now? I have some clothes to be washed.（叫别人洗衣服）
3) There are five pairs (for you) to choose from. (暗含主语you)
不定式的时态
to do/to be doing/ to have done
He pretended to be reading a book when she went in. (动作正在进行)
I’m sorry to have kept you waiting.(不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前)
不定式符号to的保留问题
有时为了避免重复，可以用来代替前面的不定式，这种情况常出现在下列动词后：expect, prefer, care, mean, forget, want, wish, hope, try以及be glad/happy;would like/love等后。
I have’t been to Hong Kong, but I wish to.
---- Are you on holiday?
---- No, but I’d like to be.
---- I didn’t tell him the news.
---- Oh, you ought to have.
动词-ing形式的用法(过去分词):
1. 动词-ing形式作主语
Seeing is believeing.
Tom’s coming is what we have expected.
-ing或不定式都可以在句中作主语，但在下列句型中常用-ing作主语
It’s no use/good+doing sth./ It’s of little use/good+doing sth.
It is no use crying over spilt milk.
It is of little good staying up too late every day.
2．动词-ing形式作表语
Her job is washing, cleaning and taking care of the children.
3．动词-ing形式作宾语
以下动词或动词词组后面只接动名词作宾语：admit, appreciate, avoid, consider(考虑), delay, enjoy, imagine, suggest, finish, mind, practise, resist, give up, feel like, keep on, insist on, look forward to, stick to, get down to等。
注意：1). 有些动词或动词词组既可以跟动名词作宾语，也可以跟不定式作宾语，但意义上有区别，要特别注意。如：
forget to do/doing; remember; regret; try; mean; stop; go on; can’t help等。
2). 在动词等动词后直接跟动词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。如：
allow/advise/forbid/permit doing sth./ sb to do sth.
3). need, want, require其后必须用动名词的主动形式或不定式的被动形式作宾语，表示事情需要做。如：
Sth. need/requie/want doing=to be done
Sth. be worth doing
Sth. be worthy of being done=be worthy to be done
4．动词-ing形式作定语（过去分词作定语）
前置定语：He asked an embarrassing queation.
后置定语：A little child learning to walk often falls.
= A little child who learns to walk often falls.
注意：动词-ing和过去分词的区别---现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行，过去分词表示被动含义或动作已经完成。如：
falling leaves/fallen leaves
boiling water/boiled water
a puzzling look/a puzzled look
Those inviting me to attend the meeting are my friends.
=Those who invite me to attend the meeting are my friends.
Those invited to the meeting are all the top leaders from different countries.
=Those who are invited to the meeting are all the top leaders from different countries.
5．动词-ing形式作状语（过去分词作状语）
分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致。
分词或分词短语作状语时，可以表时间，原因，结果，条件，让步，行为方式，伴随状况等。表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while或when引出。如：
Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.
Followed by some officials, the leader inspected his army.
Following their teacher, the students went into the classroom.
Being sick, I stayed at home.
Having finished his homework, he went on to watch TV.
Having been told many times, he still repeated the same mistake.
He sat in the armchair, reading the newspaper.
Not hearing from him, I give him a phone call.
When leaving the airport, they waved to us constantly.
现在分词和过去分词的时态与语态
一般式doing/done
完成式having done/ having been done
进行式being done
否定式是not+分词短语
独立成分作状语
有些分词短语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作独立成分。常见的有：
Generally speaking,
Frankly speaking,
Judging from/by,
Considering,
Given,
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇10：人教版 高三非谓语动词复习要点
一、不定式的用法小结：
1、在句中所担当的句子成分：主语、表语、宾语（动词后的宾语和介词后的宾语）、定语、补语（尤其是不带to的动词原形）、状语
2、不定式在句中担当各成分时的难点及重点
⑴在句中作主语：
①在It is adj. for sb. to do sth. 和 It is adj. of sb. to do sth. 句型中。
在前一句型中形容词是表示事物特征的客观性形容词。如：difficult, hard, easy, necessary, rare, possible, important, dangerous 等。在后一句型中，形容词是表示人的品质特征的主观性形容词。如：kind, careful, nice, polite, honest, clever, foolish, wise, lazy等。常可以把这类句型进行改变，因为逻辑主语既是不定式的主语，又与句子的形容词存在着主表关系。
e.g. It is kind of you to come to see me = you are kind to come to see me.
②有三个形容词good, wrong, right 的逻辑主语既可以用of 又可以用for, 但表达的意义不同。
e.g. It is good for you to talk a walk after super. (good 为“对……有好处，益处”)
It is good of you to be always ready to help others. ( good 为“善心，好意)
⑵在句中作宾语：
① 只接不定式的动词：agree, fail, arrange, decide, hope, expect, refuse, manage, promise, pretend, wish, afford, attempt, plan 等。
② 不定式可用在介词but, except, besides, than之后做宾语。在but, except, besides 前有行为动词do时，跟不带to的动词不定式；无行为动词do时，带to的不定式，但在than之后的不定式常无to。
e.g. I have no choice but/except to accept the fact.
Little Tom had nothing to do except wander about in the street.
What do you like to do besides swim.
They thought that there was no way out than climb the cliff.
他们认为除爬悬崖之外无路可出。
③ 不定式在下列动词后常作真正宾语：
make/find/feel/consider/think/believe +it +adj./n.+ to do sth.
⑶在句中作定语：
① 名词受the last, the very, the only, 序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时， 一定用不定式做后置定语。 e.g. He is always the first person to come.
② 在名词之后做定语表动作时，用不定式。这些名词有：effort, failure, promise, desire, attempt 。
e.g. Please make an effort to arrive early.
They had little desire to get rich.
His failure to enter the college made him quite disappointed.
③ 不定式作定语用主动表被动的情况：
Ⅰ.不定式的逻辑主语是主句的主语和宾语，名词与不定式之间又存在动宾关系，常用不定式的主动表被动。
e.g. I have a lot of work to do./ I’ll give you something to read.
Ⅱ.在某些形容词之后的状语，又与主语是动宾关系，用不定式的主动表被动。这些形容词有：heavy, light, hard/difficult, easy, fit, convenient, comfortable, good, dangerous, safe.
e.g. The question is easy to answer.
The room is comfortable to live in.
Ⅲ. 在there be 句型中，不定式的主动和被动都可以，意义基本一致。
There is a lot of work to do/ to be done.
但：There is nothing to do. (译为：没事可做)
There is nothing to be done. (译为：没有办法)
⑷不定式在句中作宾补的情况：
① 跟不定式作宾补的动词：get, ask, tell, allow, permit, want, force, invite, persuade, advise, order, cause, encourage, forbid, wish, drive等。
② 不带to 的动词不定式作宾补的动词：五看两听一感觉，外加三个使役词。如：see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel, let, make, have。而help是可有可无to 的动词。
二、动名词：
1、在句中的作用：主语、表语、宾语、定语
2、动名词在句中担当各成分时的难点及重点：
⑴用动名词作主语的句型：
It’s no good/ no use doing sth..
There is no doing…. (……是不行的，做……是不可能的)
It’s worthwhile doing sth. (做……是值得的)
e.g. There is no joking about their belief. 拿他们的信仰来开玩笑是不行的。
It’s worthwhile taking the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.
给新雇员详细解释一下工作要求，费点事也是值得的。
⑵动名词在句中作宾语：
① 作介词的宾语
② 只接动名词作宾语的动词：enjoy, finish, mind, miss, suggest, advise, appreciate, avoid, imagine, admit, consider, delay, practise, forbid, deny, allow, permit, require, risk, excuse, prevent, complete, resist(抵抗)
③ 只接动名词的短语动词：give up, feel like, be worth, be/become/get used to, lead to, look forward to, object to, stick to, be fond of, pay attention to, be engaged in, put off, keep on, prevent/ keep/ stop…from, set about, can’t stand, get through(完成)等。
④ 在可省略的介词in 之后做宾语：
have difficulty/ trouble/ problem/ fun/ pleasure (in) doing sth.
have a good time/ a hard time (in) doing sth.
spend/waste time/ money (in) doing sth.
be busy (in) doing sth.
There is no use/ no harm/ no hurry/ no point (in) doing sth.
There is no harm in staying up a little later.
⑶动名词的复合结构在句中的使用：
有时为了说明动名词的动作是由谁来执行的，通常用名词的所有格或形容词性的物主代词来做动名词的逻辑主语。在口语中，动名词复合结构的逻辑主语也可以用宾格或普通格来做。 如：
Their coming to help us was a great encouragement.
The mother’s worry is her son’s going to bed too late.
Do you mind me opening the door?
但在以下几种情况通常用普通格来做逻辑主语：
① 逻辑主语是无生命的名词时，如：Is there any hope of your team winning the game?
② 逻辑主语是不定代词，指示代词时，如：
Last night he was waked by someone knocking at the door.
③ 逻辑主语是两个或两个以上的单位时：
I still remember you and your father coming to see me many years ago.
三、分词：
1、分词在句中的作用：表语、定语、状语、补语。
2、分词在句中作表语
现在分词在句中作表语，表示主语的性质与特征，它相当于一个形容词的作用。过去分词在句中作表语，表示主语所处的状态或已完成动作的状态。
e.g. The film is interesting / moving.
He is well educated.
75% of the surface of the earth is covered with water.
使役动词所转变而成的形容词也常被认为是分词作表语。现在分词形式表某人或某物给别人的感觉；过去分词形式表说话者的主观感受。这些使役动词常有：interest, surprise, frighten, excite, astonish, bore, tire, annoy, encourage, discourage, satisfy, disappoint, inspire, move, please, confuse, amuse, shock, worry, puzzle等。
3、分词在句中作定语：
⑴ 动词的现在分词在句中作前置定语，都表示动作的进行及主动，现在分词短语作后置定语，相当于一个主动的定语从句。如：
a sleeping boy / the changing world / the rising sun
The teacher talking with the students will give us a report.
Most of the assistants working in this shop are young people.
注意：有时单个的现在分词也作后置定语，强调动作正在进行。
a cleaning woman ( 一位女清洁工)
a woman cleaning （一位正在打扫的妇女）
a dancing girl 一位舞女(永久性)
a girl dancing 一位正在跳舞的女孩 (暂时性)
⑵不及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，表示动作的完成；及物动词的过去分词作前置定语，既表动作完成，又表被动。如：
vi. a returned soldier/ retired teachers/ the risen sun/ a sunken ship
vt. the murdered man/ a finished article/ the stolen bike.
但只有及物动词的过去分词能在句中作后置定语，相当于一个被动的定语从句。
He is the man loved by all.
Your letter dated March 10 has been received.
注意：现在分词的完成式和完成被动式不在句中作定语。
4、分词在句中作宾补：
⑴现在分词通常在句中做以下动词的宾补，表主动及动作的正在进行或持续。如：see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, feel, find, want, catch, smell及这些有“使……”的词，send, leave, set, get, keep, have 等。
e.g. I could smell trouble / danger coming./ His words set me thinking.
He left me lying there alone. / The earthquake sent the glass flying everywhere.
I don’t want people coming in and out all day. ( want一般用于否定句中)
⑵过去分词通常在句中做以下动词的宾补，表被动。如：see, watch, observe, hear, listen to, look at, notice, feel, find, make, have, want, leave, get, wish等。
e.g. I want that letter typed by tomorrow.
I must get the work finished before Sunday.
Who left the door unlocked?
注意：现在分词的完成式和完成被动式及being done结构不在句中作宾补。
5、分词在句中作状语：
⑴分词在句中作状语时，其逻辑主语必须与主句主语保持一致。如果不一致时，就必须分词加上自己的逻辑主语，构成分词的独立主格结构。如：
The weather being fine, we decided to go for an outing.
`Winter coming, the mountain is covered by snow.
There being no bus, we had to go home on foot.
The telephone number given, we called him at once.
Everything considered, the plan is practical.
⑵现在分词在句中作状语，表主动；过去分词表被动。being done 结构通常不在句中作状语。
⑶现在分词的完成式在句中作状语时，既表主动，又表先于主句谓语动作发生的动作或已完成动作；现在分词的完成被动式作状语，既表被动，又表先于主句谓语动作发生的动作。
⑷否定词not要加于分词之前。
e.g.. Having a written examination, I am forced to study hard.
The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, adding that he had enjoyed his stay here.
Seen from a spaceship, the earth looks just like a big blue water ball.
Not having seen her for years, we could hardly recognize her.
Having been hit by the big boy on the nose, the little boy began to cry.
⑸分词的独立形式，即分词作状语，没有逻辑主语，而是修饰整个句子。如：generally/ frankly/strictly/ honestly speaking, judging from/by, compared to/with.
e.g. Generally speaking, he is fit for the position.
Judging from his accent, he is from the south.
Compared with other companies, our staff turnover(人员流动率) is low.
四、不定式、动名词和分词用法的比较：
1、不定式与动名词作主语的区别：
⑴不定式作主语常表示一次性具体行为，动名词通常表示习惯性、经常性的动作。
⑵主语用不定式，表语用不定式；主语用动名词，表语用动名词。
e.g. To do this work is very difficult./ Teaching English is my job.
To see is to believe. / Seeing is believing.（这两个句子的主表位置不能交换）
2、不定式与动名词作宾语的区别：
⑴ like/ love/ continue/ begin/ start 后接to do 和 doing的区别不大，但在以下几种情况时多用不定式（to do ）.
① would like / would love + to do sth.
② start/ begin 的主语为it 或物质名词时，用不定式。
e.g. It began to rain./ The ice began to melt.
③ start/ begin 本身为进行时, 用不定式。
e.g.. I’m beginning to talk about it.
④ 当start/ begin后接某些表感觉或心理活动的动词时，用不定式。如：understand, see, realize, feel, find, know，believe等。
e.g. I began to understand the meaning which begins to be clear.
⑵有一些动词接to do 与doing 有明显的区别。
to do 要去做的事
forget/ remember 忘记/记住
doing 已做了的事
to do 遗憾未做的事 to do 设法去做，努力地去做
regret try
doing 后悔做了的事 doing 试着做
to do 打算去做 to do 学会做（已会做）
mean learn
doing工意味着 doing 学习做（不一定会）
to do 继续做另一件事 to do 不能帮助去做
go on can’t help
doing 继续做同一件事 doing禁不住，忍不住做
to do sth. 害怕而不敢做
be afraid
of doing sth. 担心……，害怕做……
to do 停下来做另一事 to do 离开去做另一件事
stop leave off
doing 停止正在做的事 doing 停止正在做的事
to do
need/want/ deserve 需要/ 值得去做
require/ be worth +doing (主动表被动)
3、不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别：
⑴ 不定式与动名词在句中作表语的异同。
不定式与动名词作表语都是为了说明主语的内容。它们作表语时，都能与主语换位，其逻辑意义不变。但不定式侧重表示具体的动作或表未发生的动作，动名词则表习惯性、经常性动作。回答 what的提问。
e.g. Our plan is to train the students’ speaking ability.
His wish is to become a famous teacher.
Its full-time job is laying eggs.
⑵现在分词作表语表主语的性质、特征。回答how 的问题；过去分词表状态或已完成动作的状态。
e.g. The problem is puzzling./ The joke is amusing.
The sun is set in the west./ Her necklace was gone.
4、不定式、动名词和分词作定语的区别：
⑴动词不定式常常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，其逻辑主语往往是句子的主语，故动词不定式作定语时往往用主动式；如果动词不定式的逻辑主语不是句子的主语，该动词不定式要用被动式。动词不定式作定语往往表示尚未发生的动作。如果动作已发生或正在发生，一般用现在分词作后置定语。如果是动作已经完成且又与名词是被动关系时，就用过去分词作后置定语。动名词不作后置定语。例如：
e.g. Do you have anything to do tonight? 你今晚有什么事要做吗?
I am going to Shanghai tomorrow. Do you have anything to be taken there? 明天我要去上海。你有什么东西要捎去的吗?
I have no pen to write with．我没有钢笔写字。
Please tell me the subjects to be discussed at the next meeting.
Have you read any short stories written by Luxun?
The professor being talked will come here tomorrow.
⑵动名词与现在分词作前置定语的区别：
动名词作定语表示它所修饰名词的目的、用途、性能或作用，二者无逻辑上的主谓关系，但可以变成for引导的介词短语；而现在分词作定语表示它所修饰名词的动作或状态，二者是逻辑上的主谓关系。如：
a sleeping boy = a boy who is sleeping
a sleeping car = a car for sleeping
a dancing girl = a girl who is dancing
a dancing hall = a hall for dancing
⑶既能用不定式又能用of +动名词来修饰的名词：
of + doing
way/pleasure/chance/power
to do
e.g I have no chance of speaking to him/ to speak to him.
5、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。
现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作正在进行或持续也可使动作具有描写色彩。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是被动的关系。不定式作宾补： 表一个已完成的动作的全过程或一次性动作也可表事实。
e.g: I saw him open the window. /I saw him opening the window. / I saw the window opened.
I heard the song sung in English. / I heard her sing the song in English.
We saw the sun rise./ We saw the sun rising behind the trees.
6、不定式与现在分词作状语的区别：
⑴作原因状语的区别：
不定式作原因状语，常放在某些表示人的感情的动词或形容词之后，不能置于句首，也不能换成原因状语从句。不定式所表示的动作一般发生在谓语动作之前。现在分词作原因相当于一个原因状语从句，常置于句首，常用表状态的动词，偶尔也表动作的动词。如：
e.g. We laughed to see the new book.
We are proud to be young people of New China.
She look happy to hear the good news.
Being ill, he was unable to go to school.
Not knowing her address, we couldn′t find her.
Having seen the film before, I didn′t go to see it last week.
⑵作结果状语的区别：
不定式作结果状语，表意想不到的结果，现在分词作结果状语，表自然而然的结果。
e.g. He lifted a rock only to drop it on his own feet.
He arrived at the station to be told the train had gone.
Tom fell from a tree, breaking his arm.
They open the fire , killing one of our villages.
⑶不定式在句中作状语，通常表目的、结果或原因；分词作状语可表时间、条件、伴随、让步、方式、结果、原因等。
五、动名词、现在分词和进行时的区别：
这三种在形式上完全相同，都是be+ving的结构，但在意义上是完全不同的。动名词作表语都是为了说明主语的内容，能与主语换位，其逻辑意义不变。现在分词作表语表主语的性质、特征。而进行时态，则是强调主语的动作，且不能与主语换位。如：
e.g. His purpose is serving the people.= Serving the people is his purpose.
He is serving the people.
“The Internationale”（国际歌） is inspiring.
“The Internationale” is inspiring the workers of the whole world.
六、过去分词与被动语态的区别：
过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态或完成某动作的状态。而被动语态表示主语所承受的动作。
e.g.. The window was broken by his brother. (被动语态)
The window was broken. （系表关系）
He is well educated. （系表关系）
He has been educated in this college for three years. （被动语态）
篇11：语法系列复习-----非谓语动词 (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
语法系列复习专题-----非谓语动词
非谓语动词
非谓语动词（不能作谓语用）包括不定式、分词及动名词。
一、动词不定式
1．常用形式：一般主动式to do, 一般被动式to be done
完成主动式to have done, 完成被动式to have been done
进行式to be doing
2．语法功能：可作主语、表语、宾语、宾补、定语和状语（即除谓语之外的各种成
分）。例如：
1）主语：To master a foreign language is very important.
2）表语：My job is to drive them to the company every day.
3）宾语：Do you want to visit the Great Wall?
Can you give us some advice on what to do next?
4） 宾补：The teacher advised us to have a rest first.
I didnt notice them come in.
注：see, hear, watch, notice, have, make, let等动词后作宾补的动词不定式不带to, 但变为被动语态以后（即不定式作主补时）要带to, 其中let sb. do sth. 变为被动式为sb. is let do sth.
help（帮助）后作宾补的动词不定式可带to，也可不带to. 即help sb.(to)do sth.
5） 定语：不定式位于所修饰的名词，代词之后，如：Who was the first one to set
to the top of the hill yesterday? /He is the man to depend on/to believe in.
6）状语： in order to
A．目的状语：She reads China Daily every day so as to improve her English.
to
注：in order to 可以位于句首或句中，so as to 不能位于句首。
B．原因状语： Im glad to see you . 注：这种“be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，其不定式有时也可视为宾语，如：He is eager to go to college./ She is sure to come here.
C．结果状语：They lived to see the liberation of their home town.他们一直活到见到家乡解放。
△在“too…to…”结构中表“太…结果不能”，如：He is too weak to do the work.
注：too之前如果有only, only too 表“非常”、“很”意，此时不定式不再表否定意，而表肯定意。如：They are only too lucky to go abroad for a visit. 他们很幸运去国外访问。
另外，too后如果是happy, glad之类形容词时，不定式也表肯定意，
如：She was too happy to meet her old friend in the street.
△在“形容词/副词＋enough＋不定式”结构中表“足以能…”，如：He is strong enough to do the work .
3．复合结构不定式（for sb. to do sth.），可作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。for 本身无意义，sb.可称之为不定式的逻辑主语。例如：I think it necessary for him to go there at once.（复合结构不定式作宾语）
注：当作表语用的形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，不用for, 而用of,
如：It is kind of you to help me .（相当于You are kind to help me .）这类形容词有good,nice,kind,wise, clever, foolish, silly, stupid, careless, impolite（不礼貌）等。right, wrong既可用于for sb. to do sth. 也可用于of sb. to do sth. 例如：Its right/wrongg for him to do the work alone.
4．疑问词＋不定式：可作主语、表语或宾语。如：How to finish the work in time is a problem.（主语）We dont know when and where to go .（宾语）
5．动词不定式的否定式（not to do sth.），语法功能同不定式肯定式。
6．不定式的时态形式所表示的时间关系：
1）一般式：表示的动作和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动作之后，或
没有时间限制。例如：
They often watch us play table tennis.（与谓语动作同时）
She hopes to go there again.（在谓语动作之后）
It is necessary and important to read English every day.（无时间限制）
The factory to make radios is over there.（无时间限制）
2）完成式：表示的动作在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。如：Im sorry to have kept you waiting. /She seems to have been a teacher for many years.
3）进行式：表示正在发生的动作且与谓语动作同时发生。例如：
She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I come in.
7．不定式的被动式：名词、代词为不定式的逻辑宾语时，一般用不定式被动式，
例如：What is to be done is unknown. /The bridge to be bulit there is very long.
注：关于不定式的主动式表被动义用法参见《动词时态、语态》一讲。
一、分词
1．分词形式：有现在分词和过去分词两种。过去分词只有一种形式，现在分词则有：
一般主动式doing, 一般被动式being done, 完成主动式having done,完成被动式having been done
2．语法功能：在句中作定语、表语、宾补、状语。
3．现在分词和过去分词的区别：
1）语态不同：现在分词表示主动概念，及物动词的过去分词表示被动概念。例如：the moving film 动人的电影，the moved girl 受感动的姑娘，a running machine 一台转动的机器， a stolen car 一辆被盗的汽车
注：关于心理状态动词的－ing形式表主动意，－ed形式表被动意，详见该讲后的专题。
2）时间关系上不同：现在分词表正在进行的动作，过去分词往往表已经完成的动作。
例如：a developing country 发展中的国家，a developed country发达的国家
4．现在分词的基本用法：
1） 一般主动式用法：
A．作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old.(＝The child who is sleeping is…)/The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well.(＝The girl who is writing a letter can…)
The factory making TV sets is very large.(＝The factory which makes TV sets is very large.)
B．作表语：The story sounds very interesting./The news is very exciting.
C．作宾补：学用于see, watch, hear, feel, find, have, keep等动词之后。
例如：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. /I saw Tom coming out of the house. /Dont keep the students doing homework all day.
注：上述动词后跟不定式作宾补表示动作的过程，而不是正在进行中的动作，而现在分词作宾补则表示正在进行中的动作。例如：I heard them singing in the room
when I passed it.(singing不可改为sing) Do you often hear them sing in the room ?(sing不可改为singing)
have sb. do sth. 与have sb. doing sth. 的区别：前者have＝let, 后者have 有时表“keep”意，有时表“employ（雇用）”意。如：
Ill have him go with me.我将让他和我一块去。
Ill have him working in my compary.我将雇用他在我的公司里工作。
Dont have the machine working all day .不要让机器整天工作。
D．作状语：
①时间状语：Reading the letter, I couldnt help thinking of my school life.
②原因状语：Being ill, I didnt go to school yesterday.
③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.
2）完成主动式用法：
这种分词所表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用，不能作定语用。例如：
Having finished her homework,she went to bed. /Not having received his letter, she wrote to him again.
3）一般被动式用法：
表示正在发生的被动动作，在句中作定语或状语。
例如：The car being repaired is mine.(＝The car which is being repaired is mine.) /Being repaired,the car cant be used.(＝As/Because it is being repaired,the car cant be used.)
4）完成被动式用法：
表示发生在谓语动作之前的被动动作，在句中多作状语，不能作定语。
例如：Having been praised a second time ,I decided to make still greater progress.
5．过去分词的基本用法：
1）作定语：The stolen car was found by the police last week.
2）作表语：The glass is broken. /When I got to the classroom,the door was locked.
3）作宾补：You must have your hair cut.
4）作状语：Given more time ,we can do the work much better.
6．独立主格结构：
当分词有它自己的独立主语（不同于句子主语的名词或代词）时，则是一种独立
主格结构形式，在句中作状语、定语等。例如：
The bell ringing, we all stopped talking.(＝When the bell rang,we all stopped talking.) /There being no bus, we had to walk home .(＝There was no bus ,so we had to walk home.)
7．使用现在分词的几个注意点：
(1)作状语用的现在分词，其逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事，例如：
Standing on top of the tall building,we could see the whole city.（正）
(Standing＝When we stood)
Standing on top of the tall building,the whole city could be seen.（误）
Having found the cause, they continued the experiment.（正）（Having found
＝After/When they had found）
Having found the cause, the experiment continued.（误）
(2)短暂动词（即瞬间动词）的现在分词被动式不可作宾补或定语。例如：
He saw the old man knocked down by the car.(knocked down不可改为being knocked down或having been knicked down)
Do you like the dictionary bought by Zhang Ming?(bought不可改为being bought或having been bought)
<2>现在分词被动式与过去分词用法的区别：
现在分词被动式与过去分词都有被动意，但其用法是有区别的：
(1) 作宾语时，现在分词的一般被动式表示一个正在发生的被动动作，过去分词则表示一个已发生过的被动动作或没有时间性的状态。例如：
Do you see the hospital there?
你看见了那边那个 医院吗？
The continent connected with Asia at the Suez Canal is Africa.在苏伊士运河处与亚洲相连的洲是非洲。（句中connected无时间性）
(2) 作原因状语，现在分词被动式与过去分词可以互换。例如：
Being led(＝Led )by the Party,the Chinese people have won great victories.
(3) 作方式或伴随状语，不用现在分词被动式，而用过去分词。例如：
The soldiers lay on the ground,covered with nothing.
(4) 作时间状语，若动作先于句子的谓语动作，且有具体过去时间，不可用现在分词一般被动式或完成被动式。例如：Built in 1192 ,the bridge was very useful.
如果没有具体过去时间状语，可用过去分词或现在分词完成被动式。例如：
Discussed(＝Having been discussed)many times, the problem was settled at
last.
如果要强调分词状语的动作发生的时间在谓语动作之前，则宜用现在分词完成被动式，而不用过去分词。例如：
Not having been invited,she had to stay at home.
(5)在have,get之后宜用过去分词作宾补，不用现在分词被动式或不定式被动式作宾补。例如：Ill have my hair cut.(cut不能改为being cut或be cut)He got his watch repaired.(repaired不能改为being repaired或to be repaired)
(6)在make, order, want, like, wish等动词后，多用过去分词作宾补，少用现在分词被动式作宾补。例如
The speaker couldnt make himself heard.(一般不说being heard)
He wanted his house painted.(一般不说being painted)
8.心理状态动词的-ing形式与-ed形式
所谓心理状态动词是指含有使动意，使人产生某种情感、心理变化的动词。如：surprise使惊讶；interest使感兴趣。它们的-ing形式含主动意义，-ed形式含被动意义。皆可视为形容词。例如：surprising令人惊讶的，interesting令人感兴趣的；surprised（因…）感到惊讶的，interested（因…）感到兴趣的。下面的句子可显示两者的区别：
The film is so interesting that they are all interested in it.
She was much surprised at the surprising news.
已学的心理状态动词有：astonish,bore(使厌烦),delight,disappoint,
discourage,encourage,excite,frighten,interest,move(使感动)，please（使高兴）,puzzle（使迷惑）,satisfy（使满意）,surprise,shock,tire（使疲劳）,trouble,upset（使不安）,worry
它们的-ing形式多和物连用，如：The news is pleasing/exciting./a boring report(一个令人厌烦的报告),a tiring walk（累人的步行）。
它们的-ed形式多和人连用，如：an excited girl,/Im tired.
但是也有-ing形式和人连用，-ed形式和物连用的现象。如：an inspiring leader一位有感召力的领袖，an amusing girl一个讨人喜欢的女孩，a puzzled expression一种迷惑不解的表情，She said in a frightened voice.她用受了惊吓的声音说着话。
三、动名词
1． 形式同现在分词，有四种。
2． 动名词的基本用法：
1）作主语：Seeing is believing. /Talking is easier than doing. /it isnt necessary explaining to him. /Its no use waiting here.
2） 作表语：My hobby（爱好）is collecting stamps . /His job is washing and cooking.
3） 作宾语：When he came in,we all stopped talking . /He has given up smoking. /We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. /Are you fond of dancing?/The boy isnt worth teaching.
注 有些动词后只能跟不定式作宾语。有些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语，有些动词后跟不定式。动名词作宾语含义不同。详见第6点。
4） 作定语：This is her fathers walking stick.
3． 动名词的复合结构：形式：his/him working there,Wang Dongs/Wang Dong working
there
语法功能：
1） 作主语：Your smoking too much will do harm to your health.（动名词的复合结构在句首作主语时，只能用sbs的形式，此句中的Your不可改为You。）
2） 作宾语：I dont like his/him staying with us.
3） 作表语：My joy is his winning the table－tennis game.（his不能改为him）
4． 动名词的完成式：
动名词的一般式所表示的动作为一种时间要领不强的或泛指的动作，或是与句中谓语同时发生。或在谓语之后发生的动作。
如果动名词的动作发生在谓语动作之前，则要用完成式。例如：
We were praised for having completed our task ahead of time.
在remember, forget, regret, excuse, apologize等动词之后，某些介词后，或某些习惯用语中，用动名词的一般式就可以表示完成式的概念。例如：
I remember him some money before.
He forgot me that. /After finishing his homework,he
went out for a walk.
5． 动名词的被动式
如果动名词的逻辑主语为动名词所表示动作的承受者，这个动名词就要用被动式。
例如：The problem is far from being settled.
动名词的完成被动式往往用一般被动式来代替，以免句子显得累赘。例如：
I still remember being invited（代替having been invited）by a famous artist when I was in Shanghai.
6． 动名词与不定式作主语、宾语的用法比较
<1>作主语：
(1)多数情况两者可以互换。例如：Seeing is believing.＝To see is to believe.
Talking is easy and doing is difficult.＝To talk is easy and to do is
difficult.
(2)如果表示一种具体、短期的行为，或表示将来的行为，宜用不定式。例如：
It took him two hours to finish the work.
To be a scientist is his desire（愿望）.
(3)如果表示一种经常性、习惯性的行为，一般用动名词。例如：
Getting up early is a good habit.
<2>作宾语：
(1) 有些动词跟不定式、动名词作宾语皆可，意义也差不多，主要有：begin, start,
continue, love, prefer等。
(2) 有些动词后只跟不定式作宾语，主要有：wish, hope, expect, demand, refuse,
decide.
(3) 有些动词后只能跟动名词作宾语，已学过的这类词有：finish, imagine, insist on,enjoy, escape, consider, cant help, admit, avoid, mind, miss, practise, put off（延迟）＝delay, suggest.feel like, look forward to,devote…to(doing),be worth.
(4)有些动词后跟不定式、动名词意义有明显差别，主要有：forget, remember, regret, stop, mean, try, want, need, require, go on
A.forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事
forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事＝forget having done sth.＝forget to have
done sth.
B.remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth.记住做过某事
C.regret to do sth. 遗憾（要）做某事 regret doing sth. 懊悔做了某事
D.stop to do sth. 停下（原事）去做某事（不定式作目的状语）
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
E.mean to do sth. 决意／打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味／表明做某事
F.try to do sth. 努力／设法去做某事
try doing sth. 试图／尝试用某一方法做某事
G.want/need/require to do sth. 要／想做某事
want/need/require dong. 需要／想要被…
H.go on to do sth. 继续做不同的事 go on doing sth. 继续做相同的事
7．使用现在分词的几个注意点：
(1)作状语用的现在分词，其逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事，例如：
Standing on top of the tall building,we could see the whole city.（正）
(Standing＝When we stood)
Standing on top of the tall building,the whole city could be seen.（误）
Having found the cause, they continued the experiment.（正）（Having found
＝After/When they had found）
Having found the cause, the experiment continued.（误）
(2)短暂动词（即瞬间动词）的现在分词被动式不可作宾补或定语。例如：
He saw the old man knocked down by the car.(knicked down不可改为being knocked down或having being knicked down)
Do you like the dictionary bought by Zhang Ming?(bought不可改为being bought或having been bought)
<2>现在分词被动式与过去分词用法的区别：
现在分词被动式与过去分词都有被动意，但其用法是有区别的：
(5) 作宾语时，现在分词的一般被动式表示一个正在发生的被动动作，过去分词则表示一个已发生过的被动动作或没有时间性的状态。例如：
Do you see the hospital there?
你看见了那边那个 医院吗？
The continent connected with Asia at the Suez Canal is Africa.在苏伊士运河处与亚洲相连的洲是非洲。（句中connected无时间性）
(6) 作原因状语，现在分词被动式与过去分词可以互换。例如：
Being led(＝Led )by the Party,the Chinese people have won great victories.
(7) 作方式或伴随状语，不用现在分词被动式，而用过去动词。例如：
The soldiers lay on the ground,covered with nothing.
(8) 作时间状语，若动作先于句子的谓语动作，且有具体过去时间，不可用现在分词一般被动式或完成被动式。例如：Built in 1192 ,the bridge was very useful.
如果没有具体过去时间状语，可用过去分词或现在分词完成被动式。例如：
Discussed(＝Having been discussed)many times, the problem was settled at
last.
如果要强调分词状语的动作发生的时间在谓语动作之前，则宜用现在分词完成被动式，而不用过去分词。例如：
Not having been invited,she had to stay at home.
(5)在have,get之后宜用过去分词作宾补，不用现在分词被动式或不定式被动式作宾补。例如：Ill have my hair cut.(cut不能改为being cut或be cut)He got his watch repaired.(repaired不能改为being repaired或to be repaired)
(6)在make, order, want, like, wish等动词后，多用过去分词作宾补，少用现在分词被动式作宾补。例如
The speaker couldnt make himself heard.(一般不说being heard)
He wanted his house painted.(一般不说being painted)
8.心理状态动词的-ing形式与-ed形式
所谓心理状态动词是指含有使动意，使人产生某种情感、心理变化的动词。如：surprise使惊讶；interest使感兴趣。它们的-ing形式含主动意义，-ed形式含被动意义。皆可视为形容词。例如：surprising令人惊讶的，interesting令人感兴趣的；surprised（因…）感到惊讶的，interested（因…）感到兴趣的。下面的句子可显示两者的区别：
The film is so interesting that they are all interested in it.
She was much surprised at the surprising news.
已学的心理状态动词有：astonish,bore(使厌烦),delight,disappoint,
discourage,encourage,excite,frighten,interest,move(使感动)，please（使高兴）,puzzle（使迷惑）,satisfy（使满意）,surprise,shock,tire（使疲劳）,trouble,upset（使不安）,worry
它们的-ing形式多和物连用，如：The news is pleasing/exciting.a boring report(一个令人厌烦的报告),a tiring walk（累人的步行）。
它们的-ed形式多和人连用，如：an excited girl,Im tired.
但是也有-ing形式和人连用，-ed形式和物连用的现象。如：an inspiring leader一位有感召力的领袖，an amusing girl一个讨人喜欢的女孩，a puzzled expression一种迷惑不解的表情，She said in a frightened voice.她用受了惊吓的声音说着话。
非谓语动词考点分析
1．The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 B.C,didt include women players until
1919.(NMET)
A.first playing B.to be first played
C.first played D.to be first playing
析：根据题干，必须选表示被动的选项，故排除A、D；因B选项表“将要被举行”意， 不
合题干之用，只有C选项（相当于which was first played）才合用。
2．European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport
in the world.(NMET)
A.making B.makes C.made D.to make
析：B、C是谓语动词，在此不可用。D项to make或表目的，或表“将要使得”，这都不合题干情景。只有A.making,可作状语，表结果。再举一现在分词作结果状语例：
The bus was held up by the snowstorm,causing the delay.公共汽车被大风雪所阻，因而耽误了。
3．Little Jim should love ______ to the theatre this evening.(NMET)
A.to be taken B.to take C.being taken D.taking
析：根据this evening,应选表示将来义的选项，C、D应排除。Take后无宾语，必然要用被动式，故答案为A。
4．John was made ______ the truck for a week as a punishment.(NMET)
A.to wash B.washing C.wash D.to be washing
析：根据be made to do sth.句式，可定答案为A。
5．The patient was warned ______ oily food after the operation.(NMET)
A.to eat not B.eating not C.not to eat D.not eating
析：根据warn sb.(not)to do sth.句式，可排除B、D两项；又根据非谓语动词的否定式not总是在首位的规律，又可排除A，而定C。
6．--I usually go there by train.
--Why not ______ by boat for a change?(NMET)
A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going
析：此题可根据why not后直接跟原形动词规律而一举确定正确答案为D。若将B项改为try to go，则要根据其与try going意义之别来确定答案。依据题干对话内容，乙方是建议甲方尝试乘船变变花样，所以答案仍为D。
7．______ a reply,he decided to write again.(NMET)
A.Not receiving B.Receiving not
C.Not having received D.Having not received
析：非谓语动词的否定式not应置于首位，B、D皆为错误形式。A项不能表达先于decided
的动作，只有选C项才表没收到信在先，决定再写信在后，所以C为正确答案。
8．Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.(NMET)
A.to invent B.inventing C.to have invented D.having mvented析：consider表“考虑”意时，其后动词用doing形式，此处不表“考虑”，而表“认为”，
这时consider后作宾语补足语或主语补足语多为to do,to have done,to be等形式。
据此可排除B、D两个选项。又因A表“要发明”意，不合题用，只有C表“发明了”意，才合题用，故选C。
9．Most of the artists ______ to the party were from South Africa.
A.invited B.to invite C.being invited D.had been invited
析：“被邀请参加晚会”，应选表被动意的选项，B不可用。D项少引导词who，也应排除。
又因短暂动词的现在分词被动式不可作定语，C也应排除，只有A.invited(＝who were
invited)才是正确答案。
10．The murderer was brought in,with his hands ______ behind his back.(NMET)
A.being tied B.having tied C.to be tired D.tied
析：B表主动意，应排除。C表“将要被捆绑”，A表“正在被捆绑”都不合题意，只有D项填入空白才能表达“双手被反绑着”这一意思，符合题干情景。再看一类似例句：
He came in,(with)his head held high.他昂首走了进来。
非谓语动词专练
1.______ more attention,the trees could have grown better.
A.To give B.Having given C.Given D.Giving
2.The first textbooks ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out
in the 16th century.
A.to be written B.written C.being written D.having written
3.The missing boys were last seen ______ near the river.
A.to play B.play C.to be playing D.playing
4.______ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.To lose B.Lost C.Having lost D.Losing
5.When passing me he pretended ______ me.
A.to see B.not having seen C.to have not seen D.not to have seen
6.The children insisted ______ there on foot.
A.they going B.they would go C.on their going D.going
7.He still remembers ______ to Shanghai when he was very young.
A.taking B.being taken C.taken D.having taken
8.______ the railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.
A.Arriving at;to find B.Coming to;discovering that
C.On arriving at;finding out D.Hurrying to;to have found out
9.With the boy ______ the way,we had no trouble ______ the way ______ to Zhongshan
Park.
A.leading;finding;leading B.to lead;found;to lead
C.led;finding;led D.leading;found;led
10.______ these pictures,I couldnt help thinking of those days when I was in Being
and ______ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more
beautiful.
A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen
11.I can hardly imagine Peter ______ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.(NMET)
A.to have sailed B.to sail C.sailing D.sail
12.If you wave your book in front of your face,you can feel the air ______ against
your face.(MET)
A.moved B.moving C.moves D.to move
13.______ is known to all,China will be an ______ and powerful country in 20 or
30 years time.
A.That;advancing B.This;advanced C.As;advanced D.It;advancing
14.While shopping,people sometimes cant help ______ into buying something they
dont really need.
A.persuade B.persuading C.being persuaded D.be persuaded
15.There was terrible noise ______ the sudden burst of light.(MET)
A.followed B.following C.to be followed D.being followed
16.Please excuse my ______ in without ______ .
A.come;permitted B.coming;permitted
C.comimg;being permitted D.to come;being permitted
17.______ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the
meeting ______ then.
A.Holding;being held B.Held;holding
C.Having held;held D.Held;to be held
18.--Did you hear her ______ this pop song this time the other day?
--Yes,and I heard this song ______ in English.
A.sing;singing B.sung;sung C.sung;singing D.singing;sung
19.The question ______ now at the meeting is not the question ______ yesterday.
A.discussed;discussed B.discussing;had discussed
C.being discussed;discussed D.discussing;discussing
20.With the cooking ______ ,I went on ______ some sewing.
A.done;to do B.being done;doing
C.to be done;doing D.to have done;doing
21.It is no use ______ your past mistakes.
A.regretting B.regret C.to regret D.regretted
22.Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing ______ to her,only ______ her five
children.
A.left;to leave B.leaving;leaving C.leaving;left D.left;leaving
23.I am very busy.I have a very difficult problem ______ .
A.to work B.to work out
C.to be worked out D.to work it out
24.I would appreciate ______ back this affernoon.(NMET)
A.you to call B.you call C.your calling D.youre calling
25.Climbing mountains was ______ ,so we all felt ______ .
A.tiring;tired B.tired;tiring C.tiring;tiring D.tired;tired
26.I saw some villagers ______ on the bench at the end of the room.
A.seating B.seat
C.seated D.seated themselves
27.She was glad to see her child well ______ care of.
A.take B.to be taken C.taken D.taking
28.It is one of the important problems ______ tomorrow.
A.to solve B.to be solved C.solved D.solving
29.______ maps properly,you need a special pen.
A.Drawn B.Drawing C.To draw D.Be drawing
30.There is a river ______ around our school.
A.to run B.run C.running D.to be running
31.How about the two of us ______ a walk down the garden?
A.to take B.take C.taking D.to be taken
32.I was fortunate to pick up a wallet ______ on the ground on the way back home,
but unfortunately for me,I found my colour TV set. ______ when I got home.
A.lying;stolen B.laying;stealing C.lay;stolen D.lying;stealing
33.Whth the kind－hearted boy ______ me with my work,Im sure Ill be able to spare
time ______ with your work.
A.to help;help you out B.helping;helping you
C.helped;to help you out D.to help;to help you
34.Greatly movedd by her words, ______ .
A.tears came to his eyes B.he could hardly hold back his tears
C.tears could hardly be held back D.his eyes were filled with tears.
35.--I hope the children wont touch the dog.
--Ive warned them ______ .
A.not B.not to C.not touch D.not do
36.I would love ______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to
finish a report.(NMET)
A.to go B.to have gone C.going D.having gone
37.When ______ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at us and
said nothing.
A.been asked B.asked C.asking D.to be asked
38.The man kept silent in the room unless ______ .
A.spoken to B.spoke to C.spoken D.to speak
39.He was often listened ______ in the next room.
A.sing B.sung C.to sing D.to to sing
40.Rather than ______ on a crowded bus,he always prefers ______ a bicycle.(NMET)
A.ride;ride B.riding;ride C.ride;to ride D.to ride;riding
41.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him ______ .
A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to
42.Whats troubling them is ______ enough experienced workers.
A.that they have to B.they have not
C.their not having D.not their having
43.______ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with
Bill.
A.Not knowing B.Knowing not
C.Not having known D.Having not know
44.Bamboo is used ______ houses in some places .
A.to build B.to building C.to be built D.being built
45.Go on ______ the other exercise after you have finished this one.(MET)
A.to do B.doing C.with D.to be doing
46.The day we looked forward to ______ .
A.come B.coming C.has come D.have come
47.Whom would you rather ______ the work?
A.to have to do B.to have do C.have to do D.have do
48.Do you think it any good ______ with him again?
A.to talk B.talking C.to talking D.having talked
49.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before ______ .
A.accepting fully B.being fully accepted
C.fully accepting D.fully being accepted
50.The government forbids ______ such bad books.
A.published B.to publish C.publish D.publishing
非谓语动词专练答案
1―5 C B D B D 6―10 C B A A A 11―15 C B C C B 16―20 C A D C A
21―25 A D B C A 26―30 C C B C C 31―35 C A D B B 36―40 B B A D C
41―45 A C A A A 46―50 C D A B D
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇12：非谓语动词填空练习（1） (人教版高三英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词填空练习（1）
1.______________ (surprise) and happy，Tony stood up and accepted the prize.
2.We often provide our children with toys, footballs or basketballs, __________ (think) that all children like these things.
3.It is difficult to imagine his _____________(accept) the decision without any consideration.
4. _________________(face) with a bill for $ 10,000, John has taken an extra job.
5.He hurried to the booking office only _____________（tell）that all the tickets had been sold out.
6.No matter how frequently______________ (perform), the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world.
7. ___________（make）this cake, you’ll need 2 eggs, 175 g sugar and 175 g flour.
8.My cousin came to see me from the country, _____ (bring) me a full basket of fresh fruits．
9. _____________（convince ）that the government can lead them out of the financial crisis, people are optimistic about the future of the country.
10.Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one _________ （blame）．
11. Sandy could do nothing but _____________ (admit) to his teacher that he was wrong.
12. I can’t stand ____ ( work )with Jane in the same office. She just refuses _______ (stop) talking while she works.
13.__________________ (blame) for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.
14. Carbon dioxide _________(produce)from burning fuels is the most common of the so – called greenhouse gases.
15. Don’t sit there _________ (do) nothing. Come and help me with this table.
16. The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket_____________ (cover) the desert.
17. If you think that treating a woman well means always ____________(get)her permission for things, think again.
18. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise __________________(go )on.
19. Whenever he was asked why he was late for class, he would answer carelessly, always ___________ (say) the same thing.
20.-There is a story here in the paper about a 110-year-old man.
-My goodness! I can’t imagine ____________ (be) that old.
21.After he became conscious , he remembered ___________(attack) and_______(hit)on the head with a rod.
22. When _____________(offer) help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.”
23.Five people won the “China’s Green Figure” award, a title _____ (give) to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection .
24.Police are now searching for a woman who is reported to (be) missing since the flood hit the area last Friday.
25.The British are proud of the 30th Olympic Games (hold) in London in .
26. He glanced over at her, ____________ (note) that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together.
27. It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just _____________ (have) a look at the sports stars.
28. When ___________________ (compare) different cultures , we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities .
29. It remains __________________ (see) whether Jim will be fit enough to play in the finals.
30. Isn't it time you got down to ____________ (mark )the papers?
非谓语动词填空练习（2）
1. -It’s a long time since I saw my sister.
-Why not __________ （visit） her this weekend?
2. -The last one _____________（arrive） pays the meal.
-Agreed!
3. I smell something _________（burn）in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?
4. The disc, digitally ___________（record）in the studio, sounded fanstic at the party.
5. I don’t know whether you happen_______________(hear), but I am going to study in the United States.
6. There is nothing more I can try ______ (persuade) you to stay, so I wish you good luck.
7. The Town Hall ___________(complete) in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.
8. The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent ______________________ (launch) at the end of last March.
9. Please remain _____________(seat )until the plane has come to a complete stop.
10. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work ______________( finish), he gladly accepted it.
11. -Robert is indeed a wise man.
-Oh, yes. How often I have regretted __________________(not take) his advice!
12. -Excuse me sir,where is Room 301?
-Just a minute.I’ll have Bob ____________ (show) you to your room.
13. He is a student at Oxford University, _______________( study) for a degree in computer science.
14. Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________ (improve) in a short period.
15. -Come on, please give me some ideas about the project.
-Sorry. With so much work ____________ (fill) my mind, I almost break down.
16. As the light turned green, I stood for a moment, not ______________(move), and asked myself what I was going to do.
17. “Things _________( lose) never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.
18. -Can I smoke here?
-Sorry. We don’t allow ____________ (smoke) here.
19. He is very popular among his students as he always tries to make them ______________ (interest) in his lectures.
20. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there _____________ (train) for a space flight.
21. __ (say) that she didn’t do a good job, I don’t think I am abler than her.
22. All the staff in our company are considering ____ (go) to the city centre for the fashion show.
23. ___________ (ensure) the safety of gas, the government has checked the city’s gas supply system thoroughly.
24. She wants her paintings ___________ (display) in the gallery, but we don t think they would be very popular.
25. Peter received a letter just now ____________ (say) his grandma would come to see him soon.
26. The flowers his friend gave him will die unless ______________ (water) every day.
27. The glass doors have taken the place of the wooden ones at the entrance, ________ (let) in the natural light during the day.
28. The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle ______________(hear).
29. ___________( drive) by a greater demand of vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.
30. The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____________ (finish) for the day.
非谓语动词填空练习（3）
1. I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good _______________.(breathe)
2. The director had her assistant _______________ (pick up) some hot dogs for the meeting.
3. ____________(walk) in the fields on a March afternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring.
4. __________(see) that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.
5. –Did the book give the information you needed?
–Yes. But _____________(find) it, I had to read the entire book.
6. I feel greatly honored _________________(welcome) into their society.
7. It is worth considering what makes “convenience” foods so popular, and ______________ (introduce) better ones of your own.
8. _______________(wait) in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.
9. Can those _________________ (seat) at the back of the classroom hear me?
10. _________ (search) the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting.
11. The trees ________________(blow down) in the storm have been moved off the road.
12. ______________(complete) the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
13. Susan wanted to be independent of her parents. She tried ____________(live) alone, but she didn’t like it and moved back home.
14. I hear they’ve promoted Tom, but he didn’t mention __________________(promote) when we talked on the phone.
15. We finished the run in less than half the time ______________(allow).
16. Lucy’s new job paid twice as much as she had made _____________(work) in the restaurant.
17. The message is very important, so it is supposed _______ (send) as soon as possible.
18. ___________(show) around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Bird’s Nest for the Olympic Games.
19. We had an anxious couple of weeks _______________(wait) for the results of the experiment.
20. _______________(throw) their hats into the air, the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
21. ___________ (fail) to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.
22. --- They are quiet, aren’t they? --- Yes. They are accustomed to______________ (not talk) at meals.
23. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ______________(speak) as much as we can.
24. He was busy writing a story, only _____________(stop) once in a while to smoke a cigarette.
25. Please remain _________________(seat); the winner of the prize will be announced soon.
26. _________________(not realize) that he was in great danger, Eric walked deeper into the forest.
27. It is one of the funniest things _______________(find) on the Internet so far this year.
28. My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle ____________(try) to balance it.
29. If we have illegal immigrants ___________(come) in, many local workers will lose their jobs.
30. Something as simple as ______________(drink) some cold water may clear your mind and relieve pressure.
非谓语动词填空练习（4）
1.The play _____________ (produce) next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.
2. For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit ___________ (grow) on his own farm.
3. All of them try to use the power of the workstation _____________ (present) information in a more effective way.
4. ________ (bite) twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we changed our dog.
5. In April, , President Hu inspected the warships in Qingdao, _____________ (mark) the 60th anniversary of the founding of the PLA Navy.
6. Every evening after dinner, if not __________ (tire) from work, I will spend some time walking my dog.
7. At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, ____________ (live) in a small apartment near Boston and ____________ (wonder) what to do about his future.
8. Nowadays people sometimes separate their waste to make it easier for it ______________ (reuse).
9. Schools across China are expected to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, ____________ (help) reduce unemployment pressures.
10. Distinguished guests and friends, welcome to our school. ____________ (attend) the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni (校友) from home and abroad.
11. ___________ (give) the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.
12. The government plans to bring in new laws ____________ (force) parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.
13. When we visited my old family home, memory came ______________ (flood) back
14._____________ (be) a winner, you need to give all you have and try your best.
15. The children all turned ____________ (look at) the famous actress as she entered the classroom.
16. Now that we've discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions _____________ (take)?
17 It is often _____________(say) that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.
18. They use computers to keep the traffic ____________ (run) smoothly.
19. We are invited to a party _________(hold)in our club next Friday.
20. I still remember ______________ (take) to the Famen Temple and what I saw there .
21. A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, _____________ (kill) all four people on board.
22. With the government’s aid, those _____________ (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
23. Bill suggested ____________ (hold) a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.
24. David threatened _______________ (report) his neighbor to the police if the damages were not paid.
25. He told us whether _____________ (have) a picnic was still under discussion
26. Ladies and gentlemen, please remain ____________ (seat) until the plane has come to a complete stop.
27. ________________ (complete) the project in time, the staff were working at weekends.
28. _____________ (encourage) by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.
29. ____________ (tire) and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.
30. There is a great deal of evidence ______________ (indicate) that music activities engage different parts of the brain.
31. Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, _____________ (compare) with his old one.
32. With the world changing fast, we have something new ____________ (deal) with all by ourselves every day.
非谓语动词填空练习（5）
1. _____________(look) at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
2. I'm calling to enquire about the position _____________________(advertise) in yesterday's China Daily.
3.Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock,_____________(send) supplies to yushu. Qinghai province after the earthquake.
4.In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained _______________(stick) abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud.
5.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ___________(cover) the desert.
6. Listen! Do you hear someone ____________(call) for help?
7. Dina,_______________________(struggle) for months to find a job as a waitress, finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
8. So far nobody has claimed the money _____________________ (discover) in the library.
9. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in
Yushu ,___________________(enable)the students to return to their classrooms.
10. The lady walked around the shops, _________________(keep) an eye out for bargains.
11. There were many talented actors out there just waiting ______________________(discover).
12. Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ____________________(borrow) from the library.
13. With Father’s Day around the corner ,I have taken some money out of the bank ________________(buy) presents for my dad.
14.We were astonished ___________________(find) the temple still in its original condition.
15. Alexander tried to get his work _________________(recognize) in the medical circles .
16. I have a lot of readings __________________(complete) before the end of this term.
17. The living room is clean and tidy, with a dining table already ______________(lay) for a meal to be cooked.
18. ____________(see) from the top of the tower ,the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees .
19. His first book ________________________(publish) next month is based on a true story.
20. I had great difficulty_____________(find)the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
21. Lucy has a great sense of humour and always keeps her colleagues __________(amuse) with her stories.
22. This is the only way we can imagine _________________(reduce) the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.
23. ________________(approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.
24. A great number of students (question)said they were forced to practise the piano.
25．In many people’s opinion，that company，though relatively small, is pleasant _____________(deal with).
26．The lawyer listened with full attention,___________(try) not to miss any point.
27. It rained heavily in the south,_________________ (cause) serious flooding in several provinces.
28. The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _________________(weigh) less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat.
29. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if ___________________(carry) out regularly, can improve our health.
30.Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ___________________(repair) first is the library.
参考答案
一、1. Surprised 2. thinking 3. accepting 4. Faced 5. to be told 6. performed 7. To make 8. bringing 9. convinced 10. to blame 11. admit 12. working; to stop 13. Blamed 14. produced 15. doing 16. covering 17. getting 18. going 19. saying 20. being 21. having been attacked/being attacked; hit 22. offered 23. given 24. have been 25. to be held 26. noting 27. to have 28. comparing 29. to be seen 30. marking
二、1．visit 2. to arrive 3. burning 4. recorded 5. to have heard 6. to persuade
7. completed 8. having been launched 9. seated 10.finished 11. not taking 12. show 13. studying 14. improved 15. filling 16. moving 17.lost 18. smoking 19. interested 20. to be trained 21. Having said 22. going 23. To ensure 24. displayed 25.saying 26. watered 27. letting 28. to be heard 29. Driven 30.finished
1. 三、to breathe 2. pick up 3. Walking
4. Seeing 5. to find 6. to be welcomed
7. introducing 8. Having waited 9. seated
10. Search 11. blown down 12. To complete
13. living 14. having been promoted
15. allowed 16. working 17. to be sent
18. Having been shown 19. waiting 20. Throwing
21. Having failed 22. to not talking 23. spoken
24. stopping 25. seated 26. Not realizing
27. found 28. trying 29. coming
30. drinking
四、1.to be produced 2. grown 3. to present 4. Bitten 5. marking 6. tired 7. living; wondering 8. to be reused 9. to help 10. Attending 11. Given 12. forcing 13. flooding 14 To be 15. to look at 16. taken 17. said 18. running 19. to be held 20 being taken 21. killing 22. affected 23. holding 24. to report 25. to have 26. seated 27. To complete 28. Encouraged 29. Tired 30. indicating 31. compared 32. to deal
五、1.Looking 2.advertised 3.sending 4.stuck 5.covering
6.calling 7.Having struggled 8.discovered 9.enabling 10.keeping
11.to be discussed 12.borrowed 13.to buy 14.to find 15.recognized
16.to complete 17.laid 18.Seen 19.to be published 20.finding
21.amused 22.to reduce 23.Approaching 24.questioned 25.to deal with
26.trying not 27.causing 28.weighing 29.carried out 30.to be repaired
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇13：英语非谓语动词知识点
不定式和动名词作主语的区别
(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作;而不定式作主语表示具体动作。
Smoking is prohibited(禁止)here.
这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)
It is not very good for you to smoke so much.
你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)
(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。
不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。
Climbing mountains is interesting.
爬山很有趣。(经验)
Driving a car during the rush hour is tiring.
在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)
(3)不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。
It took me only five minutes to finish the job.
篇14：英语非谓语动词知识点
不定式和动名词作宾语的区别
英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求：
(1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语
1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语
attempt企图 enable能够 neglect忽视
afford负担得起 demand要求 long渴望
arrange安排 destine注定 mean意欲，打算
begin开始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏
appear似乎，显得 determine决定 manage设法
cease停止 hate憎恨，厌恶 pretend假装
ask问 dread害怕 need需要
agree同意 desire愿望 love爱
swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望
bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供
beg请求 fail不能 plan计划
bother扰乱;烦恼 forget忘记 prefer喜欢，宁愿
care关心，喜欢 happen碰巧 prepare准备
decide决定 learn学习regret抱歉，遗憾
choose选择 hesitate犹豫 profess表明
claim要求 hope希望 promise承诺，允许
start开始 undertake承接 want想要
consent同意，赞同 intend想要 refuse拒绝
decide决定 learn学习vow起
contrive设法，图谋 incline有…倾向 propose提议
seek找，寻觅 try试图
2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式
ask要求，邀请 get请，得到 prompt促使
allow允许 forbid禁止 prefer喜欢，宁愿
announce宣布 force强迫 press迫使
bride 收买 inspire鼓舞 request请求
assist协助 hate憎恶 pronounce断定，表示
advise劝告 exhort告诫，勉励 pray请求
authorize授权，委托 help帮助 recommend劝告，推荐
bear容忍 implore恳求 remind提醒
beg请求 induce引诱 report报告
compel强迫 invite吸引，邀请， summon传唤
command命令 intend想要，企图 show 显示
drive驱赶 mean意欲，打算 train训练
cause引起 instruct指示 require要求
deserve应受 leave使，让 tell告诉
direct指导 like喜欢 tempt劝诱
entitle有资格 order命令 warn告诫
enable使能够 need需要 urge激励，力说
encourage鼓励 oblige不得不 want想要
condemn指责，谴责 lead引起，使得 teach教
entreat恳求 permit允许 wish希望
(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语
acknowledge承认，自认 cease 停止 mention说到，讲到
admit 承认 tolerate忍受 dislike不喜欢，讨厌
advocate：提倡，主张 complete完成 dread可怕
appreciate 感激，欣赏 confess坦白 endure忍受
avoid避免 contemplate细想 enjoy享有，喜爱
bear忍受 defer拖延 envy嫉妒
can't help不禁 delay延迟 escape逃跑，逃避
can't stand受不了 deny否认 excuse借口
consider 考虑 detest嫌恶 fancy幻想，爱好
favor 造成，偏爱 mind 介意 repent悔悟
figure描绘，计算 miss错过 resent怨恨
finish完成，结束不得 pardon原谅，饶恕 resist抵抗，阻止
forgive原谅 permit 允许 resume恢复
imagine设想 postpone延迟，延期 risk冒险
involve卷入，包含 practise 实行，实践 suggest建议
hate讨厌 prevent阻止 save营救，储蓄
keep保持 quit放弃停止 stand坚持，忍受
loathe非常讨厌，厌恶 recall回想
篇15：英语非谓语动词知识点
不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别
(1)不定式作表语
1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。
To do two things at a time is to do neither.
一次做两件事等于未做。
What I would suggest is to start work at once.
我的建议是立刻开始干。
2)如果主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也是不定式(表示结果)。
To see is to believe.
百闻不如一见。
To work means to earn a living.
工作就是为了生活。
3)如果主语是以aim， duty， hope， idea， happiness， job， plan， problem， purpose， thing， wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明 作用。
His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future.
他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。
(2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。
Our work is serving the people.
我们的工作是为人民服务。
His hobby is collecting stamps.
他的爱好是集邮。
(注)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。
(3)分词作表语
分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite， interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对……感兴趣，就是somebody is interested in...,若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb./sth. is interesting.这类词常见的有：
interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的
exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的
delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的
disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的
encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的
pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的
puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的
satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的
surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的
worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的
Travelling is interesting but tiring.
旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。
The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.
如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。
The argument is very convincing.
他的论点很令人信服。
They were very excited at the news.
听到这个消息，他们非常激动。
篇16：英语非谓语动词语法
英语非谓语动词语法
动词的非谓语形式分为动名词，分词，动词不定式。
Climbing mountain is a good exercise. (Climbing..., 动名词起名词作用)
爬山是一项好运动。
Do you know the man wearing a white shirt. (wearing ... 分词起形容词作用)
你认识那个穿白衬衣的人吗?
He gets up early to catch the first bus. (to catch .... 不定式起副词作用)
他早早起床是为了赶上第一班汽车。
谓语动词和非谓语动词的区别：
2) 谓语动词在句中可单独作谓语，而非谓语动词不能单独作谓语。
Miss Mary teaches us English.
玛丽教我们英语。(teaches 动词作谓语)
Mr.Victor came to our classroom to have a talk with us last week.
维克托先生上周来到了我们教室和我们谈话。
(to have a talk.... 不定式作状语)
3) 谓语动词受主语的人称和数的限制，而非谓语动词形式没有这种限制。
Larke likes the pop music.
拉克喜欢流行音乐。
(动词用单数第三人称形式)
Larke has nothing to do today.
拉克今天没什么事要做。(do 用原形)
非谓语动词的特征：
2 如果非谓语动词是及物动词，后面须跟宾语。
Studying English is my favorite.
学习英语是我的爱好。(studying 后跟宾语)
To help him is my duty.
帮助他是我的责任。(help 后跟宾语)
3 非谓语动词可以带有自己的状语或逻辑主语。
Working under such a condition is terrible.
在这样的环境下工作太可怕了。
(under such a condition 是 working 的状语)
It's too difficult for him to master English in such a short time.
他在这么短的时间内掌握英语太难了。
(for him 作不定式的逻辑主语)
4 非谓语动词仍有语态和时态的变化。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting long.
对不起让你久等了。
(to have kept...是不定式的完成形式)
Seen from the mountain, the city looks much more beautiful.
从山上看，这座城市美丽多了。
(Seen from...是分词的被动形式)
5 非谓语动词在句中可以当成名词或者形容词来使用。
Our coming made him happy.
我们的到来使他很高兴。(coming 起名词作用)
There are two big swimming pools here.
?
这儿有两个大型游泳池。
(swimming 起形容词作用)
非谓语动词的形式变化：
不 定 式 主 动 被 动
一 般 to write to be written
进 行 to be writing /
完 成 to have written to have been written
完成进行 to have been writing /
现在分词 主 动 被 动
一 般 writing being written
完 成 having written having been written
过 去 分 词 一般 written
动 名 词 主 动 被 动
一般 writing being written
完成 having written having been written
动 名 词
动名词是由动词原形 + ing 构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语， 宾语，表语和定语。
1) 动名词作主语：
Talking like that is not polite.
那样谈话不礼貌。
Learning1 from others is important .
向别人学习很重要。
Putting on more clothes is not so good .
多穿衣服不一定好。
动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用 it 先行祠代替， 而把动名词写在后面。
It's no use waiting here, let's go home.
在这儿等着也没用，我们回家吧。
It's very difficult climbing this mountain.
爬这座山很困难。
2) 动名词作表语
The nurse's job is looking after the patients.
护士的工作是护理病人。
Seeing is believing.
眼见为实。
3) 动名词作宾语
有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin, mind, suggest, finish, stop, need, enjoy, miss, keep.
Please stop smoking2 in the house.
请不要在家里抽烟。
I like reading in the forest.
我喜欢在树林里读书。
Do you mind my opening the windows?
你介意我打开窗户吗?
She is found of collecting stamp.
她喜欢集邮。
动名词作定语
She is studying in the reading room.
她在阅览室学习。
He slept in the sleeping bag.
他在睡袋里睡觉。
动名词的否定形式：not + 动名词
He pretend3 not knowing it at all.
他假装全然不知。
We considered not doing it now.
我们考虑现在不做这件事 。
动名词的时态：
动名词的一般时 动名词的一般时表示动作与句中谓语动词的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词的动作之后发生。
I enjoy swimming in the big river.
我喜欢在大河里游泳。
I am used to watching TV in the evening.
我习惯于晚上看电视。
动名词的完成时 动名词的完成时表示动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。
She regret not having studied the computer hard.
她后悔没有努力学习计算机。
Do you remember having promised me that?
你记得给我许愿了吗?
动名词的被动形式 ：
当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。
His being looked down upon made him sick.
他被人冷落使他很伤感。
I can't really stand being treated like that.
我简直受不了这样的对待。
动名词的几个特殊情况：
1) 有些动词的后面能跟动名词做宾语，有些动词能跟不定式，有些两者都可以， 它们的具体含义有时还不一样。
能跟动名词的动词有：
avoid, consider, delay4, deny5, dislike, endure6, enjoy, escape, forgive, finish, imagine, keep, mind, miss, pardon, prevent, resist7, suggest, understand, can't help, 等。
能跟不定式的动词有：
decide, desire, expect, hope, mean, pretend, promise, refuse, undertake8, want, wish, agree, manage,
能跟动名词和不定式的动词有：
love, like, hate, prefer, dislike, begin, continue, intend, attempt, propose9, want, need, remember, forget, regret, try, deserve10, start,
动词后面跟动名词还是不定式，含义不相同，总的来说，表示习惯的， 一般性的动作多跟动名词，一次性的具体的被动动作多跟不定式。
I like to go with you.
我想和你一块儿去。
I like reading.
我喜欢阅读。
He promised to help her.
他答应过要帮助她。
We love watching VCD.
我们喜欢看VCD。
2) remember, forget, regret后面跟动名词时，动名词表示过去的动作， 后面跟不定式时，不定式表示将来的动作。
I remember meeting him in the street.
我记得在街上见过他。
I remember to write a letter to my parents.
我想起来要给我父母亲写信。
3) ”stop + 动名词“表示停止动名词所表示的动作， ”stop + 不定式"表示停下来 做不定式所表示的动作。
Stop smoking, please.
请不要抽烟 。
Let's stop to have a rest.
咱们停下来休息一下吧。
4) 动名词和分词的区别：
动名词作定语时，动名词和它所修饰的词没有逻辑上的主谓关系，而分词作定语时， 分词和它所修饰的词有逻辑上的主谓关系。
reading text 阅读课文 〔动名词〕
developing country 发展中国家 〔分词〕
a sleeping bag 睡袋 〔动名词〕
boiled water 开水 〔分词〕
篇17：非谓语动词讲解及练习：动词不定式(The Infinitive)
动词不定式(The Infinitive)
动词不定式：（to）+ do，具有名词、形容词、副词的特征。
一、不定式的形式：
主 动 被 动
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing /
完成式 to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing /
否定式：not /never + (to) do
二、不定式的句法功能：
1.作主语：
eg.)To make a speech here is an honor.
To lose heart means failure.
动词不定式短语作主语时，常用形式主语it作形式主语，如上两句可用如下形式：
It is an honor to make a speech here.
It means failure to lose heart.
常用结构：
It+be+ adj./n.+ for sb. to do sth.
It+be+ adj. + of sb. to do sth. =sb. be + adj. + to do sth.
(常见形容词:clever, silly, foolish, stupid, wise, kind, rude, impolite, careless, cruel, crazy, etc.)
Eg.)It’s necessary for us to have a good knowledge of English.
It is foolish of you to make such a mistake.=You are foolish to make such a mistake.
2.作表语：
eg.)Her wish is to become a novelist.
He appears to have caught a cold.
不定式一般紧跟在系动词如be, seem, remain, appear等后面,用来说明主语的内容。这类结构中的主语一般为名词，如：idea, purpose, hope, plan, intention, wish, dream, etc.
eg.) My purpose is to teach them a lesson.
有时句子主语也可以是不定式或名词性从句。
Eg.) To be strict with students is to be responsible to them.
What I want to do is (to )tell you the truth.
如果主语中含有do的任何形式, 那么不定式可以省去to.
Eg.) The only thing he could do was ( to) tell the truth.
比较:
A组: Sth.+be +不定式(作表语)---表示主语的具体内容
Sth.+be +不定式(作表语)---表示时态(将来时)
Eg.)He is to tidy up the room.
His plan is to tidy up the room.
B组:动名词和不定式在句中作表语的区别:
1. 一般情况下,区别不大,可通用
eg.) Seeing is believing.
=To see is to believe.
2. 动名词表示的动作较抽象、或是习惯性的, 而不定式表示某次具体的动作.
Eg.)My job is typing papers.
My job now is to type these papers.
3.作宾语：
A. 动词+ to不定式
常见动词: hope, wish, long, want, refuse, pretend, promise, agree, aim, decide, expect, offer, fail, plan, learn, manage, intend, desire, etc.
eg.) I longed to become an artist.
He helped (to) bring up the orphan.
B.动词+(间接宾语)+疑问词+ to不定式
常见动词: know, decide, wonder, learn, remember, understand, find out, etc.
eg.) I don’t know what to say to comfort her.
The farmer showed us how to milk the cow.
C.动词+ it+宾语补足语+( for sb.)+ to不定式：
常见动词:find, consider, think, make, feel, etc.
eg.) Marx found it important to study the situation in Russia.
I think it important for you to recite some English articles.
D.介词but, except后可接to不定式作宾语。
注意句中谓语或非谓语部分含有do，那么不定式可省去to
eg.)Seeing the room crowded, I had no choice but to stand in the dark.
Seeing the room crowded, I could do nothing but stand in the dark.
4.作宾语补足语：
A. 动词/动词词组+宾语+to不定式
常见动词: want, wish, ask, tell, order, beg, allow, permit, help, advise, persuade, cause, force, warn, invite, urge, encourage, prepare, call on, would like, wait for, etc.
eg.)I got them to join us in the discussion.
They are waiting for the school bus to come.
B. 动词+宾语+不带to的不定式
常用动词: feel (一感) ; hear, listen to(二听); make, let, have(三让); see, watch, observe, notice, look at(五看) ;help (半帮助,可带to或不带to)etc. 但改为被动语态时，不定式要加to.
Eg.) I saw him cross the road.
He was seen to cross the road.
比较: I saw him crossing the road.
He was seen _____the road.
I saw him carried downstairs.
He was seen ____ downstairs.
5.作定语：(考点集中在动词不定式与被修饰词的逻辑关系的判断上)
A.与被修饰名词构成动宾关系：
Eg.) I have a meeting to attend.
He found a good house to live in. (如果不定式是vi，其后应有适当的介词.)
如果不定式修饰time, place, way，可以省略介词：
eg.)He has no place to live.
This is the best way to work out this problem.
注意如果句子的主语不是不定式的逻辑主语,不定式就用被动语态表示。比较:
I am going to the post office, for I have a letter to post.
I am going to the post office, do you have any letter to be posted?
B. 与被修饰名词构成主谓关系：
Eg.)He is the right person to do that job.
He is the first to get here.
注意不定式+介词修饰名词也可以转换成介词+关系代词（whom或which）+不定式。
Eg.) Mary is a nice companion to travel with.
Mary is a nice companion with whom to travel.
I got a piece of paper to write on.
I got a piece of paper on which to write.
C．说明所修饰名词的内容：
Eg.) We have made a plan to finish the work.
Jane expressed a wish to earn her own living.
6.作状语：
A.表目的：
Eg.) He worked day and night to pay off the debt .
She sold her hair to buy the watch chain.
注意不定式逻辑主语与句子主语要一致：
To save money, every means has been tried. (×)
To save money, he has tried every means. (√)
= He has tried every means in order to/so as to save money.
= In order to save money, he has tried every means.
B.表结果：
Eg.)I visited him only to find him out.
Would you be so kind as to tell me the way to the garden Hotel?
His behavior is such as to make his friends angry.
The patient is strong enough to walk about.
too…to…结构
Eg.)It’s too dark for us to see anything.
The question is too simple for him to answer.
注：对少数几个表示心情或倾向的形容词，如：glad, ready, pleased, willing, anxious, happy, satisfied, etc.用于too…to…结构时表示肯定意义。
eg.)They were too anxious to leave.
I am only/but too glad to do you the favor.
C.表原因：
Eg.)They were very excited to hear the news that their team had won the game.
7.作插入语和同位语：
常见插入语:to tell (you) the truth/to be frank; truth to tell实不相瞒;to start/begin with; to conclude; to make matter worse; to be more exact确切地讲;to make a long story short长话短说，简而言之;to be fair公平地说，凭心而论;to be sure肯定地，毫无疑问地;
eg.)To tell (you) the truth, I don’t like the way _______he talked.
To make matter worse/___ ____, the computer broke down.
We have made a plan to finish the work.
Her wish to be an air hostess has never come true.
三、不定式的时态:
1.一般式－(to)+动原：不定式的一般式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词动作同时发生或发生在谓语动词动作之后。
Eg.)The policeman made the thief stand in the corner.
The play is said to be made into a film soon.
2.进行式－to be+现分：不定式的进行式所表示的动作或状态与谓语动词动作同时发生。(seem, appear, happen, pretend等动词的结构中)
Eg.)The boy pretended to be working hard.
=The boy pretended that he was working hard.
He seems to be reading in his study.
=It seems that he is reading in his study.
3.完成式－to have +过分：不定式的完成式表示的动作或状态发生在谓语动词动作之前.
eg.)I regretted to have told a lie.
I happened to have seen the film.
The novel is said to have been translated into several foreign languages.
=It is said that the novel has been translated into several foreign languages.
比较: I must be off now. I am pleased to have met/meeting you all.(分手告别时)
Pleased to meet you, Mr. Cook.(初次见面时)
四、不定式的语态:
主动式和被动式
A. 如不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者, 不定式需用被动语态－to be +过分
eg.) He dislikes to be praised in public.
The only animal to be seen in the desert was the camel.
B. 主动的形式表示被动:
①句中存在不定式的逻辑主语, 构成逻辑上的主谓关系：
eg.) The master gave his dog a few bones to eat.
I have a lot of papers to type.
(比较:I am free now. Do you have any papers to be typed?)
②在“形容词+不定式”结构中, 如不定式与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系,那么不定式多用主动语态.
常见形容词：hard, difficult, easy, fit, cheap, expensive, interesting, etc.
Eg.) The water is fit to drink.
The couch is comfortable to sit on.=It is comfortable to sit on the couch.
The sentence is easy _____ (explain). =It is________
The tea is bitter _______(taste).
③在there be结构中,倾向于用不定式主动语态表示被动意义.
Eg.) There is always much work to do in the house.
④下列句子惯用不定式主动语态.
Eg.) The house is to let/to be let. 这房子待出租。
He is not to blame. 他不该受责备。
但在be + to不定式以及be likely to结构中，如果主语是不定式所表示的承受者，那么不定式仍须用被动语态。
Eg.) The collection of poems is to be published within a year.
The results of the exams remain to be seen.
He is likely to be made monitor of our class.=It is likely that he is made ….
五、不定式的否定式： not/never + (to ) 不定式
eg.) They hurried along in order not to be late.
The boy promised never to play truant again.
六、不定式的省略与保留：保留to,省略do动词。
Ⅰ.不定式符号的省略与保留:
1. 在had better, would rather, would rather…than…, would sooner…than…, cannot but, why (not) 等结构后面的不定式符号to通常被省略。如:
eg.) You’d better tell her the truth.
2. 动词不定式短语作介词but, except, besides的宾语，且介词之前有行为动词do或其它形式时，不定式符号to通常被省略。
Eg.) What do you like to do besides swim?
My mother could do nothing but wait for the doctor to arrive.
Now he had given himself no choice but to tell her.
3. 两个或多个不定式短语表示并列关系时，后面不定式短语的不定式符号to通常被省略；如果表示对比关系，则不定式符号to通常保留。
eg.) They didn’t tell me whether to go on or to stop. （对比关系）
She told the child to stay there and wait till she came back. （并列关系）
4．在某些感官动词或使役动词（如：hear，listen to， notice，observe， see， watch， make等）之后充当宾语补足语
的不定式中，不定式符号to总是被省略， 但在被动语态的句子中，不定式符号to通常保留。
Eg.) They made that man work all the morning.
That man was made to work all the morning.
5.不定式短语作表语，不定式符号to通常保留，但当what引导的名词性从句作主语，或all，everything等后接定语从句作主语，从句谓语部分含有动词do 或do的其他形式时，作表语的不定式可以保留也可省略不定式符号to。
eg.) The greatest happiness is to work for the happiness of all.
The only thing I can do is (to) go on y myself.
II.不定式符号后面动词的省略与保留
1.为了避免重复，在hope， wish， want， like， love，decide， mean， prefer， have to， be able to， be going to， used to， ought to等动词及习语后面出现与上文相同的不定式时，常保留不定式符号to，而把其它部分省略。
Eg.) Ms King lied to us because she had to.
2.当不定式在ask, advise, persuade, wish, allow, permit, tell, expect, force, invite, beg等动词后面充当宾语补足语时, 为了避免重复, 常保留不定式符号to，而把后面的动词省略.
eg.) She wants to come , but her parents won’t allow her to.
If he doesn’t want to go there, don’t force him to.
He didn’t come, though we had invited him to.
3.在特定的上下文中, 为了避免重复, 如果不定式为一般式to be…或完成式to have done时, 则不定式符号to和be或have常一并保留, be或have之后的部分通常要省略.
eg.) ---Aren’t you the headmaster?
--- No, but I don’t want to be.
--- Hasn’t he finished the report?
--- No, but he ought to have.
补充:
不定式符号后面动词的省略与保留：
Eg.)1. If you don’t want to do it, you don’t need to.
2.---Ought I to finish the work today?
---Yes, you ought to.
注：㈠以上例句中的不定式符号to均不能省略。但如省略名词后的不定式时，则to可以一起省去。
Eg.) Never will Tom miss school for no reason; he hasn’t the courage (to).
I will come as soon as I have got the chance (to).
㈡ want 和would like如用于从句中，to通常可以省略。
Eg.) Come whenever you want (to).
You can stay here as long as you like (to).
㈢如不定式带有系动词be或助动词have, 则须保留be或have.
Eg.) ---Are you a teacher?---No, but I used to _be_.
--- Sorry, I haven’t finished my work yet?---Well, you ought to have.
㈣另外两种省略to的情况.
⑴ 如主语部分含有动词do,则作表语的不定式可省略to
eg.) What I want to do is run a night school.
⑵当两个或两个以上的不定式并列使用时,除第一个不定式以外,其余的不定式一般要省略to.
Eg.) It is up to you to decide whether to stay or leave.
He wished to study medicine and become a doctor.
篇18：非谓语动词练习(人教版高考复习英语下册教学论文)
非谓语动词练习
( )1. She reached the top of the hill and stopped _______ on a big rock.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
( )2. Do you know the boy _______ under the big tree?
A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying
( )3. You’d better ______ your bike _____ at once. It is Monday tomorrow, you know.
A. to have, mend B. have, mended C. have, to mend D. to have, mended
( )4. --- Look! The lights in the classroom are still on.
--- Oh, I forgot _______.
A. turning them off B. turn them off C. to turn them off D. having turned them off
( )5. “Can’t you read?” the officer said _______ to the notice.
A. angrily pointing B. and point angrily C. angrily pointed D. point angrily
( )6. The computer center, _______ last year, is very popular among the students in this school.
A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened
( )7. The policeman warned the young man _______ after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive
( )8. --- What’s the language _______ in New Zealand?
--- English.
A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak
( )9. He didn’t feel like _______ out for a walk, because he had caught a cold.
A. to go B. goes C. gone D. going
( )10. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard.
A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning
( )11. The house is not big enough for us all _______.
A. to live in B. to be lived in C. to live D. for living in
( )12. A clock is made for _______ us the time.
A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. tells
( )13. You’d better _______ at home all the time. It’s bad for your health.
A. don’t stay B. no to stay C. not stay D. not staying
( )14. The students are busy _______ ready for the exam now.
A. getting B. get C. got D. to get
( )15. The mother asked the boy _______ down the ladder, but he went on _______ instead.
A. come; climbing B. to come; to climb C. to come; climbing D. coming; climbing
( )16. Is there any time _______ to the museum?
A. going B. to go C. goes D. gone
( )17. The teacher asked the students to close the windows _______ the wind from _______ the papers away.
A. to stop; blowing B. stopping; blowing C. to stop; blow D. stopped; blow
( )18. A bird was seen _______ into the classroom yesterday.
A. flew B. to fly C. fly D. was flying
( )19. We should do as much as we can _______ water.
A. for saving B. to save C. save D. saved
( )20. There are many people _______ to buy cars in the modern world.
A. want B. wanted C. wanting D. to want
( )21. --- I’m too busy _______ to my family.
--- Why not call them instead?
A. writing B. to write C. written D. write
( )22. The little boy woke up his father, _______ “Happy Birthday!”
A. call B. to call C. called D. calling
( )23. The car _______ in Germany in the 1960s looks old now.
A. produced B. producing C. to produce D. which produced
( )24. --- What are on show in the museum?
--- Some pictures _______ by the Africans.
A. drawing B. drawn C. drew D. were drawn
( )25. The sick man stayed in bed, _______ very terrible.
A. felt B. feeling C. is feeling D. was feeling
( )26. --- The boy was seen _______ his bike a moment ago.
--- I am sorry to hear that.
A. fell off B. to fall off C. fall off D. to fall down
( )27. There’re so many beautiful presents in the shop that I don’t know _______.
A. to choose which one B. what choose C. which one to choose D. to choose what
( )28. --- How bad! They still have no ideas how _______ the problem.
--- Let’s go to help them.
A. solving B. solved C. to solve D. solves
( )29. What is the best way do you think ______ the wild animals?
A. protecting B. to protecting C. protected D. to protect
( )30. --- You’d better have your sports jacket _____. It’s too dirty.
--- Thanks. I will.
A. to wash B. washed C. washing D. wash
( )31. --- The little boy was made _______ English for another hour.
--- Poor boy!
A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read
( )32. I think it kind _______.
A. of him to help me B. for him to help C. that he help me D. of him helping me
( )33. It’s too hot today. Why not _______ your coat?
A. take on B. to take off C. take off D. taking off
( )34. Boys, don’t forget _____ the windows before you leave the classroom.
A. closing B. closed C. to closing D. to close
( )35. He made it _______ for people ______ the computers by inventing new software.
A. easy, use B. easy, using C. easily, to use D. easier, to use
( )36. All of the plans are very good. I really don’t know _______.
A. which to talk B. which to talk about
C. to talk about which D. I asked you for help
( )37. Would you please _______ any noise? The baby has just fallen asleep.
A. make B. to make C. not to make D. not make
( )38. --- Would you please try _______ late again?
--- Sorry, I won’t be late again.
A. not to be B. to be not C. not be D. be
( )39. The words _______ with “L” aren’t easily forgotten.
A. starting B. started C. to start D. whose starting
( )40. Have you got anything _______?
A. to open the box B. opening the box with C. opening the box D. to open the box with
( )41. We must try our best to stop the pollution _______ a happier life.
A. from living B. to live C. living D. live
( )42. --- Hello, what are you reading?
--- A book _______ by Bill Gates.
A. writing B. written C. to write D. which written
( )43. --- What do you come here for?
--- _______.
A. Borrow a CD B. To borrow a CD C. Borrowing a CD D. Borrowed a CD
( )44. Yesterday I heard a story _______ by my friend.
A. told B. telling C. to tell D. tell
( )45. We can’t help crying after _______ the sad news.
A. hear B. heard C. hearing D. to hear
( )46. --- Would you mind _______ for a few minutes?
--- No, not at all.
A. wait B. to wait C. waited D. waiting
( )47. Have you read this book? It’s worth _______.
A. to read B. read C. reading D. to be read
( )48. Mr Wang would like me _______ my classmates a talk.
A. to give B. giving C. gives D. give
( )49. I find _______ him all about it.
A. necessary to tell B. that necessary to
C. necessary it to tell D. it necessary to tell
( )50. It’s very nice _______ you to _______ me about it.
A. for; tell B. of; say C. to; speak D. of; tell
51. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____as the plane was making a landing. （04上海春季） A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating
52. Victor apologized for __________ to inform me of the change in the plan. （04上海春季）
A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not able
53. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ______. （04上海春季）
A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted
54. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage _________ the girl and took her away, _________ into the woods. （04上海春季）
A. seizing, disappeared B. seized.., disappeared
C. seizing, disappearing D. seized, disappearing
55. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. __________ the answers ready will be of great help. (05北京卷) A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having
56. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered __________ at the party, but not __________. (05北京卷)
A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave
57. The prize of the game show is $30,000 and an all expenses ___vacation to China. (05北京卷) A. paying B. paid C. to be paid D. being paid
58. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise __________. (05北京卷)
A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on
59. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ______ a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4. （05山东卷）
A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching
60. He glanced over at her, ______ that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. (05广东卷) A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted
61. He hurried to the station only ______ that the train had left. (05广东卷)
A. to find B. finding C. found D. to have found
62. The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well . （05湖北卷）
A．to spend B．spent C．being spent D．spending
63. ______from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world. （05湖北卷）
A．Being separated B．Having separated
C．Having been separated D．To be separated
64. ______ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor. （05湖南卷）
A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed
65. I send you 100 dollars today, the rest ______ in a year. （05湖南卷）
A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed
66. ---- Is Bob still performing?
---- I'm afraid not. He is said________ the stage already as he has become an official (05江苏卷)
A. to have left B. to leave C. to have been left D. to be left
67. ________ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police (05江苏卷) A. Having lost B. Lost C. Being lost D. Losing
68. ________ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life. (05江西卷)
A．Having given up hope of cure B．With no hope for cure
C．There being hope for cure D．In the hope of cure
69. I think you’ll grow ________ him when you know him better. (05江西卷)
A．liking B．to be like C．to like D．to be liking
70. The manager, ___ it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room. (05江西卷)
A．who has made B．having made C．made D．making
姓名 班级 得分
1-5 CDBCA 6-10 DABDB 11-15 ABCAC 16-20 BABBC
21-25 BDABB 26-30 BCCDB 31-35 DACDD 36-40 BDAAD
41-45 BBBAC 46-50 DCADD
责任编辑：李芳芳
篇19：第九章 非谓语动词 (新课标版高三英语下册教学论文)
第九章 非谓语动词
动词除了在句子中充当谓语外，还具有名词、形容词及副词的性质动词的非谓语形式，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等，称作非谓语动词，包括动词不定式、分词和动名词。
高考重点要求：
1、掌握不定式、分词、动名词在句子中的作用
2、区分不定式、分词作定语和状语的异同
3、掌握不定式、动名词作宾语，不定式和分词作宾补的惯用结构
4、注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定非谓语动词的时态形式
5、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式
第一节 知识点概述
一、动词不定式
动词不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以担任主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。动词不定式仍保留动词的一些特点。
（一）动词不定式的特征及用法
1.动词不定式的构成及特征
“to +动词原形”构成动词不定式，是一种非谓语形式，在句子中不能作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征。
2.动词不定式的用法
动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。
1. 作主语
例如：To learn English well is not easy.
或 It is not easy to learn English well.
动词不定式作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，这种句型可归纳为下面的句型：
It is + adj.+ 动词不定式
如果要说明不定式的动作执行者，可以用for
It is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth.
2. 作表语
My wish is to become a teacher.
3. 作宾语
Most of us like to watch football matches.
4. 作宾语补足语
He told me to be here on time.
5. 作定语
I have nothing to say about that thing.
6. 作状语
He stopped to have a look.
3.动词不定式的否定形式
动词不定式的否定形式not + to + 动词原形
例如： He asked me not to make such a mistake.
4.动词不定式与疑问词连用
疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why等后面可以接动词不定式，构成动词不定式短语，可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
例如：(1) He doesn’t know how to use the machine.
（不定式作宾语）
(2) How to use the machine is a question.
（不定式作主语）
(3) The question is when to go there.
（不定式作表语）
（二）动词不定式的时态和被动形式
动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种，由不定式符号(to)加动词原形构成。不定式的形式有五种：
1． 一般式to do
例如：I like to read English.
2． 进行式to be doing
例如：He seemed to be reading something at that time.
3． 完成式to have done
例如：He seemed to have cleaned the room.
4． 被动式to be done
例如：The work is to be done soon.
5． 完成被动式to have been done
例如：The boy is said to have been sent to hospital yesterday.
二、分词
分词是动词非谓语形式的一种，包括现在分词和过去分词。现在分词表示：主动，动作正在进行。过去分词表示：被动，动作已经完成。
（一）分词的作用
分词在句中可以作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语。例如：
1．作定语
Do you know the boy standing at the gate?
Have you read the book written by Lu Xun？
2．作表语
We are excited at the news.
The news he told us is exciting.
3．作宾语补足语
I heard him singing a song in the classroom.
We found the ground covered with snow.
4．作状语
While lying in bed, he listened to some music.
Seen from the hill, the village looks move beautiful.
分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就是句子的主语，否则分词前面必须有自己的主语。
（二）分词的时态
现在分词分一般式和完成式，而过去分词则没有时态形式的变化。
现在分词的一般式表示动作与谓语动词同时发生，或在谓语动词之前发生。例如：
Knowing his uncle would come, he began to make some preparations.
现在分词的完成时，表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。常用作状语。例如：
Having finished his homework, he went to bed.
（三）现在分词的被动式
被动一般式 being done
被动完成式 having been done
This is one of the new supermarkets being built in our city.
Having been told many times, he was able to operate the machine.
（四）分词的否定形式
分词的否定式，由not+分词构成，例如：
Not having heard the news. I wrote to him again.
Not knowing how to work out the maths problem, I went to the teacher for help.
（五）分词独立主格结构
当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时，带逻辑主语的分词短语成为独立主格结构，在句法功能上起状语作用。例如：
Weather permitting, they will go and visit the science museum.
The meeting being over, they all left the room.
三、动名词
动名词是动词非谓语形式的一种,由动词加ing构成。动名词既有动词特征，也有名词特征。
动名词在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和定语。例如：
⑴ Smoking does great harm to people’s health.
（作主语）
⑵ My job is looking after children.
（作表语）
⑶ I have finished reading the novel.
（作宾语）
⑷ We have got a swimming pool in our school.
（做定语）
动名词的否定形式由not +动名词构成。例如：
He made me angry by not taking the medicine.
动名词的复合结构由名词所有格或物主代词加上动名词构成。例如：
Would you mind my opening the door?
动名词的一般式，表示的动作可以与谓语动词同时发生或在前，或在后。
例如：
We all enjoy listening to music.(同时发生)
Do you remember meeting me there?（在谓语动词前发生）
动名词的完成式表示在谓语动词之前完成的动作。例如：
I regret not having been taken to the Great Wall when I was a child.
She attended the party without being invited.
第二节 实战演练
一、复习时需注意的要点
1． 动词不定式一般式表示的动作可能与谓语动词的动作同时发生,也可能在其之后发生。
例如：I saw the young man enter the house.（同时发生）
I hope to go there next time.（之后发生）
2．不定式完成式表示不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生。
例如：I’m sorry to have broken your glasses.
3．不定式进行式表示不定式的动作，与谓语动词同时发生。
例如：When he came in, I happened to be reading at the table.
4．不定式的被动式有两种形式：to be done表示将要被做，to have been done表示已被做。
例如：The new cinema to be put up next year will be very large.
The cinema is said to have been built last year.
5. 在表示情绪的动词，如like, love, hate, prefer等后，用动名词作宾语表示一般倾向，用不定式表示特定某事。但在would/should like/love/prefer后要用不定式
例如：I hate eating the same food every day.
Would you like to watch TV in the evening?
6. 在动词need, want, require后用动名词表示被动含义，相当于动词不定式的被动式；而用动词不定式的主动式表示主动含义。
例如：The house needs cleaning. = The house needs to be cleaned.
He needs to clean the house first.
7. 在介词后一般用动名词作宾语，但在少数介词，如but, except后用动词不定式作宾语，但要注意“to”的省略，如but前有“do”则省去“to”。
例如：I have done nothing but help him with his luggage.
I have no choice but to wait for him at the bus stop.
8. 分词的完成式一般不用来作定语，因此，要表示完成主动的意思常用定语从句。
例如：The accident which happened yesterday was very serious.
9. 如果分词短语的逻辑主语与句子不是相同的，则要用从句或分词独立主格结构来表示。
例如：Weather permitting, we will go to the Center Park.
10. 分词作状语时， 分词的逻辑主语要与句子的主语相一致。若它们之间的关系是主谓关系，用现在分词，而动宾关系则用过去分词。如果分词的动作先于谓语，分词要用完成时。
例如：Having finished his composition, he went home.
While looking through the paper, he found some errors.
二、历届高考试题分析
例1、The discovery of new evidence led to _________.
A. the thief having caught B. catch the thief
C. the thief being caught D. the thief to be caught
答案为C。
【解析】 lead to这个词组中to是介词，后面跟名词，于是B被排除，the thief是动名词逻辑上的主语，构成动名词的复合结构，与catch之间应是被动关系，故排除A。常见的带介词to的短语有：(get) be used to, look forward to，look up to, stick to, object to, be devoted to, pay attention to等。
例2、Though _______money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in
答案为C。
【解析】 lack是及物动词，后接宾语money。his parents与lack是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词作状语。译文：虽然缺钱，他的父母亲还是设法让他上了大学。
例3、He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk ____ the good opportunity.
A. to lose B. losing C. to be lost D. being lost
答案：B
【解析】 risk后面只能带动名词做宾语，含义为“冒……之险”。
例4、_____ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to one's skin.
A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed
答案为C。
【解析】 在非谓语动词中，用动名词或不定式来作主语，而分词和介词短语不能作主语，因此A、D被排除。在这个句子中，will do是谓语，缺少主语，要用动名词作主语。expose与one's skin是动宾关系，所以要用动名词的被动式being exposed。译文：在阳光下晒太长时间对人的皮肤有坏处。
例5、____ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns.
A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put
答案：A
【解析】 put sth. into use “让……投入使用”。显然，put 和句子主语the hotline 构成被动关系，所以用表示被动的过去分词。
例6、It was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just ____ a look at the sports stars.
A. had B. having C. to have D. have
答案：C
【解析】 动词不定式充当目的状语。
例7、With a lot of difficult problems _______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled
答案为C
【解析】动词不定式to settle作为difficult problems的定语表示现在或将来要解决的难题；过去分词settle作定语表示已经解决的难题，现在分词的被动式being settled作定语表示正在解决的难题。
例8、More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ____ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits.
A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken
答案：A
【解析】 take advantage of （利用）和句子主语More and more people 构成主动关系，且和句子谓语sign up for (报名参加)同时发生，所以选择A。
例9、Sandy could do nothing but ________ to his teacher that he was wrong.
A. admit B. admitted C. admitting D. to admit
答案为A。
【解析】 该句中的but是介词，后接动词不定式。当谓语动词是do，does或did时，后接不带to的不定式；是其他动词时，后接带to的不定式。该句的谓语是could do nothing，要填动词原形admit。译文：山德不得不向老师承认自己错了。
例10、He sent me an e-mail, ________ to get further information.
A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope
答案为B。
【解析】 现在分词hoping表示与send me an e-mail同时发生的动作。一些考生认为应该填不定式作目的状语。不定式作目的状语时，句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail to get further information.不需要hope一词，如果要选择“hoped”时，句子的正确形式是：He sent me an e-mail and hoped to get further information。“hope”和“sent”作并列谓语。
第三节 巩固练习
Direction: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best answer that completes the sentence.
1. _____ anything about the accident ,he went to work as usual.
A. Not known B. Known not C. Knowing not D. Not knowing
2. -Have you decided when_____?
-Yes, tomorrow morning.
A. to leave B. to be leaving C. will you leave D. are you leaving
3. I really enjoy_____ that kind of job.
A. do B. doing C. to do D. to be doing
4. -There’s a hole in your bag.
-l know. I am going to have it_____.
A. mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended
5. The next morning she found the man in bed, _____ dead.
A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying
6. Tell him_____ the window.
A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut
7. The furniture ______on October 15 was seriously damaged because of a road accident .
A. being delivered B. having delivered
C. having been delivered D. delivered
8. He had his leg_____ in the match yesterday.
A. to break B. broken C. break D. breaking
9. I can’t imagine_____ that with them.
A. do B. to do C. being done D. doing
10. Most of the people_____ to the party were famous scientists.
A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. inviting
11. -Good morning. Can I help you?
-I’d like to have this package_____, madam.
A. be weighed B. to be weighed C. to weigh D. weighed
12. Slowly she opened the letter, _____.
A. her hands trembled slightly B. slightly her hands were trembled
C. her hands slightly trembling C. trembling her hands slightly
13. All ______will be present at the conference .
A. parties concerned B. parties concerning
C. concerned parties D. concerning parties
14. _____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.
A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given
15. She reached the top of the hill and stopped_____ on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. to have rested B. resting C. to rest D. rest
16. Last summer I took a course on_______.
A. how to make dresses B. how dresses be made
C. how to be made dresses D. how dresses to be made
17. The murderer was brought in, with his hands_____ behind his back.
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied
18. The secretary worked late into the night, _____ a long speech for the president.
A. to prepare B. preparing C. prepared D. was preparing
19. I can hardly imagine Peter_____ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days.
A. sail B. to sail C. sailing D. to have sailed
20. -The light in the office is still on.
-Oh, I forgot_____.
A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
21. The Olympic Games, ______ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be first playing
22. Not having finished his homework, _____ to watch the game.
A. so he was forbidden B. he forbade
C. he was forbidden D. mother forbid him
23. The _____ world population is the result of recent advances in medical science.
A. increased B. increase C. being increasing D. Increasing
24. _____ it with me and I’ll see what I can do.
A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave
25. Cleaning women in big cities usually get______ by the hour.
A. pay B. paying C. paid D. to pay
26. European football is played in 80 countries, ______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes C. made D. to make
27. Robert is said_____ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying
28. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _____ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make
29. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door, ______ “Sorry to miss you; will call later.”
A. read B. reads C. to read D. reading
30. I’ve worked with children before, so I know what______ in my new job.
A. expected B. to expect C. to be expecting D. expects
31. It is impossible to avoid ______by advertisements in a modern society.
A. to be influenced B. being influenced C. to influence D. influenced
32. Some people believe that some numbers show the ______side of a person’s personality.
A. hiding B. hid C. hidden D. hide
33 -How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?
-key ______ the problem is to meet the demand _______ by the customers.
A. to solving…making B. to solving…made C. to solve…making D. to solve…made
34. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains______ whether they
will enjoy it.
A. to see B. to be seen C. seeing D. seen
35. It is said in Australia there is more land than the government knows______.
A. it what to do with B. what to do it with C. what to do with it D. to do what with it
36. The research is so designed that once______ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun
37. The teacher asked us______ so much noise.
A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make
38. ______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given
39. Walking past the park, I couldn’t help ______some children flying kites.
A. stop to watch B. stopping watch
C. stopping to watch D. to stop to watch
40. Generally speaking, ______ according to directions, the drug has no side-effect.
A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken
41. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered_______ clear warnings before firing any shots.
A. to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued
42. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars_______ road conditions need ______.
A. that…to be improved B. which…to be improved
C. where…improving D. when…improving
43. -What do you think made the woman so upset？
-_____ weight.
A. As she put on B. Put on C. Putting on D. Because of putting on
44. The manager,______ his factory’s products were poor in quality, decided to give his workers further training.
A. knowing B. known C. to know D. being known
45. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _______ whether he was going in the right direction.
A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see
46. Don’t be discouraged. ______ things as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.
A. Taking B. To take C. Take D. Taken
47. Friendship is like money, easier made than ____.
A. kept B. to be kept C. keeping D. being kept
48. ______the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement.
A. The president will attend B. The president to attend
C. The president attended D. The president’s attending
49. Unless______ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.
A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited
50. Time should be made good use of ____ our lessons well.
A. learning B. learned C. to learn D. having learned
责任编辑：李芳芳
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