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定语从句as的用法课件

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定语从句as的用法课件

篇1：定语从句as的用法课件

(一)、as作连词的用法:

as作连词，常用来连接主句和状语从句。

1.引导时间状语从句，作“当...的时候”解，有“随着...”之意，与while意义相近，强调两个动作同时发生;或某事一发生，另一事立即发生。eg：

He shouted aloud as her ran along.他一边往前跑，一边高声地呼喊。

I was startled as he opened the door.他一开门，我吓了一跳。

as作连词，相当于when。eg;

As a little boy (When he was a little boy)he began to learn to play piano.他小时候就开始学弹钢琴。

2.引导原因状语从句，作“因为，由于”解，与because的用法相近。eg;

I must stop writing now，as I have rather a lot of work to do.我必须停笔了，因为我还有许多工作要做。

3.引导方式状语从句或比较状语从句，作“正如，(如)像”解。例eg：

As in your country，we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.正如(像)你们国家一样，我们在北方种小麦，在南方种大米。(方式状语从句)

When at Rome，do as Romans do.入乡随俗。(方式状语从句)

4.引导让步状语从句，作“虽然，尽管”解。这时从句常用倒装语序，即把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形放在as之前。eg;

Strange as it may seem，it is true.尽管这事看上去很奇怪，但却是真的。

Try as he might，Tom could not get out of the difficulties.不管怎样努力，汤姆还是摆脱不了困境。

1. 作“在-------期间，当----的时候”引导时间状语从句.注意与 when、while的用法区别。

篇2：定语从句as的用法课件

1.某事一发生，另一事立即发生

As the sun rose the frog dispersed 太阳一出来雾就消散。

They strolled into the garden as the music ceased. 音乐声一停，他们就走进花园。

2.在某事发生的过程中另一事发生

I heard the murmur of their voices as I crossed the hall.

我走过大厅的时候听到他们在嘀咕什么。(两个动作都是一般时态)

Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion.

正当他在说话的时候，一声巨响。(从句用进行时态)

3. 两个动作同时发生

He smiled as he passed. 他路过的时候笑了一下。

As she sang, the tears ran down her cheeks. 她一边唱歌，眼泪一边从脸颊淌下。

Helen heard the story as she washed. 海伦一边洗衣服一边听故事。

He saw that she was smiling as she read. 他看到她一边看着书一边笑。

(两个都是延续性动作)

We get wiser as we get older. 我们随着年龄的`增长而变得聪明起来。

(随着时间的变化而变化)

①下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。

1) 用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边----一边. 如:

The girl sings as she goes to school.

He looked behind occasionally as he went forward in the forest.

2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行为,意思是随着-----的发展.如:

As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful .

As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything.

3)表示两个短暂行为或事情几乎同时发生.如:

I watched her as she read the book.

I thought of it just as you opened your mouth.

Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry.

4)接在名词后面表示某一个年龄段时.如:

As a young man, he was active in sports.

②when作“当……的时候”解,可以指较短的(一点)时间,也可指一段时间。如:

When I was at college, I could speak several foreign languages. When the clock struck twelve, I had slept for 2hours.

③while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词同时发生。如:Work while you work. Play while you play.

2. As =Since 作“既然”、“由于”解,引导原因状语从句,常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。如:

As he’s been ill for ages, I will help him.

As / Since you're not feeling well, you may stay at home.

As he wasn't ready , we went without him.

3.As =in the way that作“像”、“按照……的方式”解,引导方式状语从句。如:

Do as I told you.

Remember, you must do everything as I do.

4. 用于as--- as或not / so/ as ---- as中, 前一个as是副词, 后一个as是连词, 引导比较状语从句。如:

They helped the old as much as possible.

I don't speak English so/ as well as she does.

5. 表示虽然, 尽管等, 引导让步状语从句, 常用倒装语序, 模式为:

adj. /adv. / n.+as +主语+谓语+主句。如:

Young as he is, he knows much.

Tired as they were, they walked on.

6. 表示也------一样。

S he is a doctor, as was her husband.

(二)、as作关系代词,引导定语从句,表示正如,这一点.如:

1. 引导限制性定语从句，用在“such...as”, “the same...as”，“as...as”等结构中，常译作“像...一样的人(或物)”，“凡是...的人(或物)”。

eg： He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was.他曾希望做一个像雷锋那样的人。

My hometown is no longer the same as it was.我的家乡再也不像过去一样了。

2.引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代它前面的整个句子(即先行句)，意思是“这一点”。这个分句可以位于句首、句中或句末。

eg：As is well known，oceans cover more than 70% of the earth.

我们知道，海洋占地球面积的百分之七十以上。

He is very careful, as we all know.

As is well-known, belongs to China.

另外,当先行词被the same, such等词修饰时,常用as来引导定语从句。如:

Such a clever girl as she can learn anything quickly.

I was reading the same book as he bought yesterday.

(三)、as作介词的用法.

1. 作“如，像”解,表示好像。如:He dressed as a policeman.

They got united as one man.他们团结得像一个人一样。

2. 作“充当，作为”解,表示作为, 当作。如：I found a job as a guide.

As a writer，he was famous.作为作家，他是很有名的。

3.当某人是某身份时。如：As a child , she was sent to abroad.

4.as引导的介词短语大多用作状语,as译为“作为”;少数情况可引起宾语补足语。如:

As a Party member, I'll take the lead in everything. (状语)

She works as a model. (状语)

She has me as one of her best friends.(引起宾语补足语)

(四)、作副词的用法

as作副词，表示程度，意为“同样地”。在“as...as...”，“not as...as...”结构中的第一个as是副词，作“和/与...(不)一样”解。

e.g. Jack is as tall as his father.杰克和他的父亲一样高。

He doesn't speak English as/so fluently as you.他的英语说得不如你流利

1 表示与------等同。

如：This dress is twice as expensive as that one.

2 像，如等。

如：As before, he remained unmoved.

五)含as的固定词组的用法

1. as soon as作“一…就”解，引导时间状语从句。

eg：As soon as I get to Beijing，I'll write to you.我一到北京，就给你写信。

2.as/so long as作“只要”解，

e.g. As/So long as you study hard，you'll make progress.只要你努力，你就会取得进步。

2. as if/though常用来引导方式状语从句，作“好像，仿佛”解。如果从句中讲的是非真实情况，则用虚拟语气。

e.g. She loves the child as if/though he were her own.

她爱这个孩子如同爱自己的孩子。

3. As if/though也可用来引导表语从句，常用在“It appears/looks/seems...+as if/though”句型结构中。

e.g. It appears as if/though it is going to clear up.看起来天要晴了。

It seems as if/though he knew nothing about it.他好像对此事一无所知。4.as to作“关于，至于”解。

e.g. There is no doubt as to his honesty.他的诚实是无可置疑的。

5.as much/many as作“多达...”，“达到...之多”解。

e.g：He can earn as much as 5000 dollars a month.他每月能挣5000美元。

6.so/as far as I know作“就我所知”解，在句中作插入语。

eg： As/So far as I know，he will come here next Monday.

据我所知，他将于下星期一到这里来。

7.as a result，as a result of表示“由于...的结果”。

e.g. She died as a direct result of the accident.她的死是那次事故的直接结果。

8，as well为“也，还”之意。

e.g. Come early，and bring your brother as well.早点来，把你的弟弟也带来。

9.so as to，so...as to若跟动词原形，表示目的或结果。

eg：He studied hard so as to pass the exam.他努力学习以便通过考试。(表示目的)

篇3：课件定语从句

关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1）who, whom, that

这些词代替的先行词是人的`名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是想见你的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3）which, that

它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作主语）

The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作宾语）

关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

1）when, where, why

关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用，例如：

There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

2）that代替关系副词

that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句，在非正式文体中that常被省略（正式文体中不可省略），例如：

His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词。例如：

（错） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

（错） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

（对） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.

（对） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词.先行词在从句中作主、定、宾语时，应选择关系代词；先行词在从句中作状语时，应选择关系副词。

例如：（对）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?

（对）Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?

篇4：定语从句的课件

有关定语从句的课件

定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。

教学目标

（1）语言目标：能用定语从句较自如地描述及谈论人和物。在活动中训练学生的听力，口头表达能力，培养学生的观察，想象和创造力。

（2）情感目标：促进同学间积极合作交流，发展同学间的友谊。

2．教学方法：多媒体的运用能创设真实的语言情景，学生也很感兴趣，极大地鼓动了学生学习英语的.积极性，而且呈现在课堂上能使教学更生活化，也更直观和具体。

教学方法

以学生为主体，用多媒体辅助教学，通过帮助学生理解、归纳、总结、讨论等方式学习定语从句，由于本节课是学生第一次系统学习定语从句，要达到让学生初步掌握定语从句这一目的。

学法指导、自主学习、合作学习

教学过程

Ⅰ. 定义

定语从句，起形容词的作用，在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语从句的词称为关系词, 关系词的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起引导作用;二是在意义上代替先行词,并在从句中充当一个成分。其中关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as；关系副词：when, where, why。

eg. She is the girl who sings best of all.

The pen which my uncle gave me is missing.

He lives in a house whose windows face south.

The factory where my father works is in the east of the city.

Perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities.

Ⅱ. 关系代词

1.先行词是人，作主语，关系代词用who, that

eg. He is a man（） never leaves today’s work till tomorrow.

The boy ( ) is standing there is my cousin.

2. 先行词是人，作宾语，关系代词用 whom, who, that,

eg. Here is the man ( ) you’ve been expecting to meet.

The man ( ) you met yesterday is Mr. Smith.

3. 先行词是物，作主语，关系代词用which, that

eg . The train （） has just left is for Guangzhou.

Children like to read books ( ) have wonderful pictures.

4. 先行词是物，作宾语，关系代词用which, that,或省略

eg. The book ( ) you borrowed yesterday is really interesting.

The pen ( ) my uncle gave me is missing.

5. 先行词是人、物，作定语，关系代词用whose

eg. He is the professor ( ) name was Jackson.

China, （） population is the largest in the world, is developing very fast.

Ⅲ. 关系副词

1.先行词是表示时间的名词，在定从中作时间状语，关系代词用when

eg. I can’t remember the date ( ) he went abroad.

I’ll never forget the day ( ) I joined the army.

2.先行词是表示地点的名词，在定从中作地点状语，关系代词用where; 其中注意表示抽象概念的地点名词，如，situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度时，也需用where

eg. This is the village （） Uncle Wang once lived.

They have reached the point ( ) they have to separate with each other.

He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ( ) he is likely to lose control over the plane.

3. 先行词是reason，在定从中作原因状语，关系代词用why

eg. I don’t know the reason ( ) he was late.

None of us know the reason ( ) Tom was absent from the meeting.

4.引导定语从句的关系副词也可以用“适当介词 + which”来代替。

eg. October 1, 1949 was the day when （ = ） the People’s Republic of China was founded.

This is the factory where（= ） we worked a year ago.

I don’t believe the reason why (= ) he was late for school.

Ⅳ. 关系代词that & which的区别:

⒈ 只用that的情况

① 先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词时。

eg. There is nothing ( ) can prevent him from doing it.

② 先行词被any, only, few, no, very, little 等修饰时。

eg. This is the very book ( ) I’m looking for.

③ 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。

eg. The first place ( ) they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.

This is the best film ( ) I have ever seen.

④ 先行词既有人又有物时。

eg. He talked about things and persons ( ) they remembered in the school.

⑤ 先行词被the only, the very修饰时。

eg. Mr. Smith is the only foreigner ( ) he knows.

⑥ 句中已有who或which,为了避免重复时。

eg. Who is the man ( ) is standing beside Tom?

⒉ 不能用 that的情况：

① 引导非限制性定语从句；

eg. He had failed in the maths exam , ( ) made his father very angry.

② 介词 + 关系代词。

eg. This is the room in（） my father lived last year.

Ⅴ. as引导定语从句时的用法(as 相当于that & which)

① as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as结构中。

eg. This is the same book ( ) I lent you.

Such machines ( ) are used in our workshop are made in China.

② as引导非限制性定语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后，位置灵活，用来修饰整个句子。通常用下列句型：as is known to all, as is said, as is reported, as is announced, as we all know, as I expect 等。

eg. ( ) I expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination.

Taiwan, ( ) we all know, belongs to China.

Ⅵ. 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的主要区别:

限制性定语从句: 一般紧跟在先行词后面,不用逗号把从句与先行词分隔开来。使先行词的意思十分明确,成为特定的人或物,是句子中不可缺少的成分,少了它句子就会失去意义不能成立,或意思不清楚,不能说明问题。通常译为定语。

非限制性定语从句: 通常由逗号与句子其他成分隔开。只是对先行词作进一步的说明,没有它句子仍能成立,意思仍很清楚。通常译为并列的句子。

eg. I was the only person in our office （） was invited.（去掉定语从句，意思就不完整）

Tom’s father, （） is over sixty, still works hard day and night.（整个句子可分成两句来翻译）

Ⅶ. 分隔定语从句

即先行词与关系代词、副词之间被介词短语，同位语，谓语等分隔开来。

此种定语从句，在选择关系词时，要注意找准先行词。

eg. There is an expression in his eyes （）I can’t understand.

I was the only person in my office ( ) was invited to the important ball.

I suggest you choose someone I think ( ) is very kind and friendly.

课后反思：

提倡任务型教学活动，是为了让学生们在教师的指导下，通过感知，体验，实践，参与合作等方式，力求最大限度地把语言能力的培养落实到教学过程的每一个环节，逐步实现预定的任务目标并感受成功。我在这堂课的设计里要求自己新颖别致，突出故事的完整性，要有一气呵成的感觉，重点落实，定语从句自始至终贯穿每个环节，活而不乱，生动有趣，贴近生活，气氛活跃。能发挥学生们的主体互动性和能动性，在完成任务的过程中能积极参与。课后感觉任务型教学有所体现，学生们积极性高，参与面广，训练量较大，能初步运用定语从句。

但在教学过程中，我意识到：有个别学生基础太差，虽在课堂中他们也积极参与，但有时很盲目，甚至不知道老师和同学们在进行什么内容，从他们的目光和神态中，我了解到他们对知识的渴求，我暗自告诉自己，一定要帮助他们，这很难，但一定要坚持，决不放弃。

篇5：高三定语从句课件

定语从句又称为形容词性从句，引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词：who, whom, that, which, as, whose等和关系副词when, where, why等，关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语,表语，定语等；关系副词则在从句中充当状语。定语从句可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句，关键是看有无逗号把先行词与定语从句分开。若有，是非限定性定语从句，此时关系词不能省略；若无，则是限定性定语从句。综观历年高考试题，我们可以发现该语法项目是测试中的热点与难点。为了便于同学们复习该语法点时有所侧重，本文拟就其考点作以归纳。

一、考查几组关系词异同

1. 考查先行词是物时，关系代词which, that充当主语或宾语异同：在限定性定语从句中充当主语、宾语关系代词which, that一般可以互换，关系代词作宾语时还可以省略。（1）which用于下列情况：( I )如果引导的是非限定性定语从句; （II）关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前; （III）先行词本身是that等。（2）that用于下列情况：( I ) 先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词；（II）先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰；（III）先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词；（IV）先行词被the only, the very(正是、恰是),the last修饰；（V）先行词中既有人也有物；（VI）在which或who的特殊疑问句中含有定语从句等。另外需要注意：先行词是the way，并在定语从句充当状语时，关系代词用that或省略，若用which,其前加介词in。

[典型考题]

①（09江西）The house I grew up ________ has been taken down and replaced by an office building.

A. in it B. in C. in that D. in which

②（浙江）Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business.

A. that B. which C. who D. where

③(04湖北) What surprised me was not what he said but ______he said it.

A．the way B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way which

④（10全国Ⅱ）I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.

A. who B. that C. as D. what

解析：①B。该题考查的是定语从句中关系代词前的介词位于谓语动词之后，关系代词可以省略，定语从句补充完整为：(which/that) I grew up in，修饰先行词the house。若选择D项，应该用in which I grew up ②B。先行词Chan’s restaurant在非限制性定语从句充当used to be poorly run的主语，故用which。③A。在not…but…结构中，前后应一致，因but之前是名词性从句，故其后也应该是名词性从句或与之相对的名词等，又因the way在该定语从句充当方式状语，所以关系词用that, in which或省略，故选the way。④B。不定代词something在定语从句作主语，用that引导。

2. 考查先行词是人，关系代词who,whom,that充当主语或宾语异同：在限定性定语从句中充当主语一般用who,that；充当宾语时三者可以互换或关系代词还可以省略。下列情况用who或whom:( I )在非限定性定语从句中，先行词是人，并在从句中充当主语，关系代词用who，充当宾语，用whom或who(口语中)，（II）先行词是人，介词后的宾语,只能用whom等。

[典型考题]

①（06北京）Women _____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those ______ don’t.

A. who ; 不填 B. 不填 ; who C. who ; who D. 不填; 不填

②（10浙江）The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city.

A．whom B．which C．them D．those

解析：①C。两处都是考查定语从句，并且都是关系代词充当主语，第一个空格前的women是其后的定语从句的先行词，并在从句中充当主语，第二个空格前的those指代的是women,是其后的定语从句的先行词，并在从句中充当主语，故前后两空都用who。②A。在非限定性定语从句中表示人的先行词 “1,000 people”充当介词of的宾语，故用whom。

3. 先行词是人时，关系代词which与who/whom在定语从句的区别：关系代词which引导定语从句，并在从句中作表语或补足语时，其先行词可以是表示人的职业、身份、性格、才能等，但这里的人不是指具体的人；而who在定语从句中作主语、宾语（口语），whom在定语从句中只作宾语，who或whom代的先行词是具体的人的名词或代词。

[典型考题]

①（05湖北）Her sister has become a lawyer, ______she wanted to be.

A．who B．that C．what D．which

②(07北京)We shouldn’t spend our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy.

A. that B. which C. what D. whom

解析：①D。此处的lawyer从表面看指的是人，但实际上是人的职业，并在非限制性定语从句充当be动词的表语。故用which。②D。先行词people在非限制性定语从句充当介词of的宾语，故用whom。

4. 关系代词whose与which在定语从句作定语的区别：在“（介词）+关系代词+名词”中，关系代词作定语，一般多用whose（即指人，也指物）；但若名词是case, point, reason, fact, situation, time等抽象名词用来总结整个主句的情况或句子的部分内容时，作定语的关系代词用which，结构常见于“介词+关系代词+名词”。另外需要注意：物作定语时，whose+名词=the +名词+of+which 或of+which +the+名词。

[典型考题]

①(05重庆)Mark was a student at this University from to , he studied very hard and was made chairman of the students’ Union.

A. during which time B. for which time

C. during whose time D. by that time

②（10山东）That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.

A. that B. which C. whose D. What

③(08陕西)The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds.

A. the hands of whom B. whom the hands of

C. which the hands of D. the hands of which

解析：① A。此题考查在定语从句中during which time表示“在1999至2003期间”。② C。空格处所选的词应该是引导定语从句并且在从句中作parts的定语，所以使用whose。whose parts=the parts of which或of which the parts。③D。先行词watch与定语从句中the hands构成从属关系，故结构为：the hands of which或of which the hands或whose hands。

5. 考查关系代词which与as引导非限定性定语从句的异同。两者都可并指代主句中的一部分或整个句子的内容，在从句中做主语、宾语等，位于主句之后。（1）下列情况多用which: ( I )在非限制性定语从句作主语时谓语动词是连系动词之外的行为动词；（II）非限制性定语从句用以对主句的意义进行补充，前后不一致，出乎意料的；（III）非限定性定语从句的关系代词紧跟在介词后面充当介词的宾语等。（2）下列情况用as: ( I )在主句之前或插入主句之中用as；（II）表“如同……那样，按照，正如”含义，这里的as主要起与上下文联系的作用，表达说话人的看法，并指出内容、出处和根据等，常用的结构有as we know(众所周知)，as often happens (正如常发生的那样)， as is often the case（情况常常如此），as is+announced/expected/known/imagined/mentioned/said/shown/reported (正如所……)等。

[典型考题]

①（10四川）After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling， turned out to be a wise decision．

A．that B．which C．when D．where

②(06江苏)The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _______ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds.

A. who B. that C. as D. which

③(04江苏) ______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan.

A. Which B. When C. What D. As

④(00北京春招) The result of the experiment was very good, ______ we hadn't expected.

A. when B. that C. which D. what

解析：①B。此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which代替前面整个句子。②D。从句中的谓语动词meant是非连系动词的行为动词，故用which。③D。关系代词在非限制性定语从句指代后面一个句子，且在此从句中充当主语，故用As。④C。关系代词在非限制性定语从句指代前面一个句子，并在从句充当宾语，由从句可知，前面一件事是出人意料，并作expected的宾语，故用which。

6. 考查关系代词与关系副词where,when,why的区别及关系副词相互之间的`区别：（1）可以用关系副词where代替in which/on which/to which等表示地点的状语，常见表地点的名词既有“具体”的（如：place,school,family等）也有“抽象”的（如：point,situation,career,activity,job，stage，scene等）。（2）可以用关系副词when代替on which/in which/at which/during which等表示时间的状语，常见表时间的名词既有“具体”的（如：days,time等）也有“抽象”的（如：stay,occasion等）。（3）可以用关系副词why代替for which表示原因的状语（非限定性定语从句常用for which），此时其先行词常是reason。但需要注意的是：若表示时间、地点或原因的先行词在从句中充当主语或宾语时，只能用关系代词which,that或关系代词的省略形式（作宾语）。

[典型考题]

①（10福建）Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.

A. that B. whereC. whichD. whose

②（09四川）She’ll never forget her stay there ________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

③(02上海春招)Is this the reason ＿＿ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?

A. he explained B. what he explained

C. how he explained D. why he explained

解析：①B。先行词planet在从句中做地点状语，用关系副词where或in which。②D。her stay为先行词，可以理解为抽象的一段时间（她呆在那里期间），when指代her stay在定语从句中做时间状语。③A。先行词虽然是reason,但在从句中充当explained的宾语，而非在从句中充当原因状语，故用he explained,省略了作宾语的关系代词。

二、考查定语从句中的“介词+关系代词”结构

1、考查该结构中关系代词的选用。若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时常用whom，指物时常用which。

[典型考题]

①（09海南）She brought with her three friends, none of I had ever met before.

A. them B. who C. whom D. these

②（10江苏）The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.

A. that B. it C. what D. which

解析：①C。在定语从句中代替先行词friends作介词of的宾语。故用关系代词whom。②D。在定语从句中先行词the newly built café作介词of的宾语。故用关系代词whom。

2、考查该结构中介词的选用。

（1）一般来说，确定关系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：先行词的意义；从句中的动词固定搭配；句子的意思。

[典型考题]

①( 08上海)We went through a period communications were very difficult in the rural areas.

A.which B.whose C.in which D.with which

②（10山东） Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.

A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which

③( 06陕西)She was educated at Beijing University, she went on to have her advanced study abroad.

A. after which B. from which C. from that D. after that

解析：①C。把从句补充完整：communications were very difficult in the rural areas in/during the period，可以判断出此处用介词in。此句中介词的选用取决于先行词period。②C。把从句补充完整： we may return to an ancient source of energy in the near future，可以判断出此处用介词to。此句中介词的选用取决于从句中的动词固定搭配return to sth.。③A。主句与定语从句是先后关系，故用after which。。此句中介词的选用取决于句子的意义

（2）表示“整体和部分关系”、“同位关系”或“所属关系”，介词常用of。常见结构：（I）在some, any, few, little, none, all, both, neither, many, most, each等代词或数词的前后可以用of which/whom。（II）the +比较级或最高级前后用of which/whom等。

[典型考题]

①( 05全国I)I have many friends, some are businessmen.

A. of them B. from which C. who of D. of whom

②（04湖北）There are two buildings , stands nearly a hundred feet high .

A．the larger B．the larger of them

C．the larger one that D．the larger of which

解析：① D。先行词friends在定语从句中与some构成所属关系，故用some of whom或of whom some。②D。先行词buildings在定语从句中与比较级the larger构成所属关系，故用the larger of which或of which the larger。

三、考查定语从句的特殊结构

1.考查关于定语从句的分隔结构。命题者主要通过定语从句的分隔考查动词形式的选择和通过先行词的定位，确定定语从句的关系词及介词+关系词的选用。考查动词形式的选择主要表现在以下几方面：定语从句对主谓结构的分隔时的主句谓语动词选择；定语从句对从句中宾补结构的分隔时的非谓语动词；定语从句对主句定语、状语的分隔时的非谓语动词；定语从句对一些固定句式的分隔时的非谓语动词。

①(10上海)Thai is the only way we can imagine the overuse of water in students' bathrooms.

A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce

②(00全国)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see_____the next year.

A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. carry out

③(10江西)The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister_____ she would stay for an hour.

A. where B. who C. which D. what

④（05山东）The country life he was used to ____ greatly since 1992.

A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed

⑤(07辽宁)You can’t imagine what difficulty we had ____ home in the snowstorm.

A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking

解析：①B。此处应该用不定式。the only way to do sth表示“做……的唯一途径”。作定语的不定式被定语从句we can imagine与被修饰词分开了。解答此类题应把定语从句去掉。②C。先行词the plan作see的宾语，此处的see后是复合结构，carry out充当the plan的补足语，并与其构成被动，故用carried out。解答此类题应把先行词还原到定语从句中去。③A。先行词为centre, she would stay for an hour作定语，与其先行词被介词短语隔开了，该从句不缺宾语或主语,故先行词在从句中作地点状语,故用where。为了保持句子平衡，定语从句与先行词往往被介词短语、副词或谓语等分开，解答此类题，关键找准先行词。④B。这里的he was used to是省略了关系代词的定语从句，change充当主句的谓语动词，因与since连用的主句常用现在完成时，同时主语是life,故用has changed。解答此类题应把定语从句去掉。⑤D。结合题意和词义，我们可以断定句中的we had是定语从句，修饰其前的difficulty，很显然，此题考查固定句式have difficulty (in)doing sth.。解答此类题应把先行词还原到定语从句中去看是否是固定句式。

2. 考查带有插入语的定语从句的关系词的选用。做此类题中时，把关系词后的插入语（如：I believe,Ithink,I expect等）去掉进行判断。

[典型考题]

①（05福建）—Is that the small town you often refer to?

—Right, just the one you know I used to work for years.

A．that B．which C．where D．what

解析：①C。you know是插入语，在解题时可以省略，可以看出the one指代the small town在定语从句中作地点状语，故用where

3. 考查省略式定语从句。主从句主语相同时，有时可以省略一些成分，变成“介词+引导词+不定式”的形式。

[典型考题]

①（05湖南）Frank's dream was to have his own shop ____ to produce the workings of his own hands.

A. that B. in which C. by which D. how

解析：①B。题中的先行词是shop,在定语从句中作地点状语，即to produce the workings of his own hands in the shop=he can produce the workings of his own hands in the shop,故用in which,相当于where。

篇6：定语从句优质课件

定语从句优质课件

一. 定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二. 引导定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that， which， who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where， when， why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三. 定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四. 关系代词的用法

1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.

玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语）

The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.

我放在桌子上的`那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语）

2.which用于指物，在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.

位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语）

The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful.

我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语）

3.who， whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.

经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语）

Who is the teacher （whom） Li Ming is talking to？

正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（作宾语）

注意：

（1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，whom，that， which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.

这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

（2）含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for.

这就是你要找的那个人。

（3）that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.

她居住的城市非常远。

（4）关系词只能用that的情况：

a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam.

他是第一个通过考试的人。

b. 被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词指物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？

你在商店里有什么东西要买吗？

c. 先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.

这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.

我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying？

正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁？

f. 主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which，例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.

桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

（5）关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that， those时，用which，而不用that.例如：

What’s that which is under the desk？

在桌子底下的那些东西是什么？

b. 关系代词前有介词时，which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives.

这是他居住的房间。

c. 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指事物时，用which，而不用that，例如：

Tom came back， which made us happy.

汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五. 关系副词的用法

1. when指时间，其先行词表示时间，when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.

这是他到达的时间。

2. where指地点，其先行词表示地点，where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.

这是他工作的地点。

3. why 指原因，其先行词是原因，why在定语从句中做原因状语。例如：

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.

没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

篇7：定语从句复习课件

一、把下列每对句子合并成含有定语从句的主从复合句：

1. The fan is on the desk. You want it.

2. The man is in the next room. He brought our textbooks here yesterday.

3. The magazine is mine. He has taken it away.

4. The students will not pass the exam . They don’t study hard.

5. The woman is our geography teacher. You saw her in the park.

6. The letter is from my sister. I received it yesterday.

7. The play was wonderful. We saw it last night.

8. The train was late. It was going to Nanning.

9. The boy is my brother. He was here a minute ago.

10. The tree is quite tall. He is climbing it.

11. Here is the girl. Her brother works in this shop.

12. That’s the child. We were looking at his drawing just now.

13. This is the boy. His sister is a famous singer.

14. I want to talk to the boys. Their homework haven’t been handed in.

15. Is that the woman? Her daughter is in my class.

16. He used to live in a big house. In front of it grew many banana trees.

17. They passed a factory. At the back of the factory there were rice fields.

18. The soldier ran to the building. On the top of it flew a flag.

19. In the evening they arrived at a hill. At the foot of the hill there was a temple.

20. She came into a big room. In the middle of it stood a large table.

二、根据句子意思，在第一个空白处填入介词，在第二个填入关系代词whom或which:

1. The person ________ ________ I spoke just now is the manager that I told you about.

2. The pencil ________ ________ he was writing broke.

3. Wu Dong, ________ ________ I went to the concert, enjoyed it very much.

4. The two things ________ ________ Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms of English.

5. Her bag, ________ ________ she put all her books, has not been found.

6. The stories about the Long March, ________ ________ this is one example, are well written.

三、选择填空：

1. The man ____ visited our school yesterday is from London.

A. who B. which C. whom D. when

2. The woman ____ is talking to my mother is a friend of hers.

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

3. Because of my poor memory, all ____ you told me has been forgotten.

A. that B. which C. what D. as

4. Do you remember those days ____ we spent along the seashore very happily?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

5. Tom did not take away the camera because it was just the same camera ____ he lost last week.

A. which B. that C. whom D. as

6. Those ____ want to go please sign their names here.

A. whom B. which C. who D. when

7. Where is the man ____ I met this morning?

A. when B. where C. which D. who

8. Who is the woman ____ is sweeping the floor over there?

A. who B. / C. that D. when

9. The man ____ you talked just now is a worker.

A. who B. whom C. to whom D. to who

10. The man ____ you are going to make friends is my father’s neighbour.

A. with whom B. when C. to whom D. which

11. The doctor ____ is leaving for Africa next month.

A. the nurse is talking to him B. whom the nurse is talking

C. the nurse is talking to D. who the nurse is talking

12. The man ____ around our school is from America.

A. which you showed B. you showed him C. you showed D. where you showed

13. He talked about a hero ____ no one had ever heard.

A. of whom B. from whom C. about that D. who

14. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ____ were asked in French.

A. where B. who C. in which D. which

15. Have you read the book ____ I lent to you?

A. that B. whom C. when D. whose

16. Finally, the thief handed over everything ____ he had stolen to the police.

A. that B. which C. whatever D. all

17. The foreign guests, ____ were government officials, were warmly welcomed at the airport.

A. most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those

18. This is the very letter ____came last night.

A. who B. which C. that D. as

19. I know only a little about this matter; you may ask ____ knows better than I.

A. whoever B. whomever C. anyone D. the one

20. This is the school ____ we visited three days ago.

A. where B. / C. when D. what

21. This is the factory ____ we worked a year ago.

A. where B. that C. which D. on which

22. Nearby were two canoes ____ they had come to the island.

A. which B. in which C. that D. /

23. Jack is pleased with ____ you have given him and all ____ you have told him.

A. that, what B. what, that C. which, what D. that, which

24. Do you work near the building ____ colour is yellow?

A. that B. which C. its D. whose

25. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ____ she could turn for help.

A. whom B. who C. to whom D. form whom

26. Is this school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. which C. that D. where

27. Is this the school ____ we visited three years ago?

A. the one B. where C. in which D. /

28, How many students are there in your class ____ homes are in the country?

A. whose B. who C. whom D. which

29. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.

A. it B. which C. that D. he

30. The train was crowded and I had to get into a carriage ____ already seven other people.

A. when there were B. which there were C. that there were D. where there were

31. I live in the house ____ windows face south.

A. which B. whose C. where D. in that

32. ---- What game is popular with them? ---- The ____ most is tennis.

A. game they like it B. game they like C. best game they like D. best game they like it

33. They stayed with me three weeks, ____ they drank all the wine I had.

A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which

34. The room ____ Mr White lives is not very large.

A. that B. which C. where D. when

35. Don’t forget the day ____ you were received into the Youth League.

A. when B. that C. at which D. where

36. I’ve finished writing the novel, ____ is to be published next month.

A. that B. what C. which D. when

37. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ____ was unexpected.

A. which B. as C. that D. it

38. ____ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.

A. What B. As C. That D. Which

39. The old man had three sons, all of ____ died during World War Ⅱ.

A. whose B. that C. whom D. who

40. I have bought two pens, ____ write well.

A. none of which B. neither of which C. both of which D. all of which

41. Do you know the reason ____ she has changed her mind?

A. why B. which C. for that D. of which

42. He failed in the exam, ____ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.

A. which B. what C. it D. that

43. During the week ____ he tried to collect materials for his article.

A. following B. followed C. to follow D. that followed

44. ____ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.

A. It B. Which C. As D. That

45. He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, ____ his father expected.

A. that was what B. what was that C. and which was D. which was what

46. We should read such books ____ will make us better and wiser.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

47. You must show my wife the same respect ____ you show me.

A. when B. as C. whose D. what

48. He is absent ____ is often the case.

A. what B. which C. who D. as

49. It is the first time ____ I have come to your city.

A. that B. which C. what D. when

50. Who ____ has the same idea as it will do it in this way.

A. who B. that C. whom D. which

51. I shall never forget those years ____ I lived in the country with the farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.

A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who

52. This is the only book ____ I can find.

A. that B. which C. it D. with which

53. I don’t like ____ you speak to her.

A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which

54. That is one of those books that ____ worth reading.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

55. This is the only one of the students whose handwriting ____ the best.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

56. There was ____ to prevent the accident.

A. something could do B. anything we could do

C. nothing we couldn’t do D. nothing we could do

参考答案

一、1. The fan that you want is on the desk. 2. The man who brought our textbooks here yesterday is in next room. 3. The magazine which he has taken away is mine. 4. The students who don’t study hard will not pass the exam. 5. The woman you saw in the park is our geography teacher. 6. The letter I received yesterday is from my sister. 7. The play that we saw last night was wonderful. 8. The train which was going to Nanning was late. 9. The boy who was here a minute ago is my brother. 10. The tree he is climbing is quite tall. 11. Here is the girl whose brother works in this shop. 12. That’s the child whose drawing we were looking at just now. 13. This is the boy whose sister is a favous singer. 14. I want to talk to the boy whose homework hasn’t been handed in. 15. Is that the woman whose daughter is in my class? 16. He used to live in a big house, in front of which grew many banana trees. 17. They passed a factory, at the back of which there were rice fields. 18. The soldier ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag. 19. In the evening they arrived at a hill, at the foot of which there was a temple. 20. She came into a big room, in the middle of which stood a large table.

二、1. to whom; 2. wiht which; 3. with whom; 4. about which; 5. in which; 6. of which

三、1~5 ABACD 6~10 CDCCA 11~15 CCADA 16~20 ACCAB 21~25 ABBDC

26~30 ADABD 31~35 BBDCA 36~40 CABCC 41~45 AADCD 46~50 BBDAB

篇8：定语从句教学课件

定语从句教学课件

英语教学：定语从句

一、课堂导入

教师读句子，让学生听并复述

1. she is the girl who has blue eyes.

2. I love this English teacher whose eyes are blue.

3. A telephone is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.

4. I like this person that has 3 story books

5. This is the office where he worked.

6. I don’t know the reason why he came so late.

二、复习预习

教师引导学生复习上节课所学的反意疑问句，包括反意疑问句的形式，祈使句的反意疑问句，there be句型的反意疑问句等，（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对反意疑问句具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的.定语从句。

三、知识讲解

知识点1：定语从句的概念和先行词

1. 【考查点】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。（而在一个句子中充当整个句子的宾语的句子叫做宾语从句）

如：I love this English teacher whose eyes are blue. (定语从句)

我爱眼睛是蓝色的这位英语老师

I don’t know (宾语从句)

我不知道你怎样才能到达那个公园。

2. 【考查点】被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

如：A friend is someone who says, “What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”

A Wechat (微信) is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.

知识点2：定语的关系词~关系代词

1.【考查点】既能指物也能指人的关系代词 that，whose。

如： ① I like this person that has 3 story books. (先行词是人person)

②先行词是物book)

①（先行词是teacher）

②先行词是dog)

2、【考查点】只能用来指代人的关系词who, whom.

如：Is he the man who wants to see you?

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

3、【考查点】只能指代物的关系词which。

如：A prosperity which had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

4、【考查点】关系词在句子中充当的成分。

如：1、（who/that在从句中作主语）

他就是你想见的人吗？

2、他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

3、作宾语） which / that在句中（

农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

4、（(只用作定语)

那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

（注：当上题先行词指物时它还可以同of which互换）

如：Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

请递给我那本绿皮的书

知识点3：关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词when, where, why可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

【考查点】关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于”介词+ which“结构，因此常常和”介词+ which“结构交替使用。

如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.

任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.

北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?

这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

知识点4：关系词的选择取决于从句中的谓语动词

1.【考查点】用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。

如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

四、例题精析

【例题1】

【题干】Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues.

A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that

【答案】A

【解析】：主语与run(延伸)是主动关系，所以用现在分词。Those指街道，所以不用

来引导定语从句。 who而用that

【题干】Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year?

A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where

【答案】：D

【解析】：将疑问句改为陈述句：this research center is…显然缺少先行词，必须加上代词the one来作先行词，又因定语从句不缺主语或宾语，所以用关系副词where。假若在this后加the，就选where，请想想这是为什么。

【题干】

The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk correctly and safely.

A. when B. where C. which D. whose

【答案】：B

【解析】因为表示“阶段、程度、地步”的the point在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用语从句。 where引导定

【题干】

—How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?

—Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided

A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose

【答案】：C 【解析】：因为of which引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语。of which the telephone number = whose telephone number。

五、课堂运用

【基础】

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.

A. Which B. where

【答案】A

【解析】：which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。C. what D. in which

2.Do you know the man _______?

A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke

【答案】C.

【解析】”和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。

3.This is the hotel _______last month.

A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed

C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed

【答案】

【解析】是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 D. where

4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?

A. which B. that C. when D. on which

【答案】. C.

【解析】

是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 when

【巩固】

5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.

A. which B. on which C. in which D. when

【答案】A.

【解析】 which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。

6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.

A. where B. to which C. which D. in which

【答案】C.

【解析】which是关系代词，在从句中作visit的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。

7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.

A. where B. that C. which D. there

【答案】 A.

【解析】where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

【拔高】

8.This is one of the best films _______.

A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown

C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked

【答案】A.

【解析】本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。

9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?

A. about which you talked B. which you talked

C. about that you talked D. that you talked

【答案】A.

【解析】“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。

10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.

A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which

【答案】 A.

【解析】with which是“介词+关系代词”结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有“用”的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.

篇9：高考定语从句课件

高考定语从句归纳课件

在高考中，定语从句会考哪些知识呢？一起来学习定语从句归纳知识吧。

定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。

被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。

关系副词有：when, where, why, how。

关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。

定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。

定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。

1关系代词引导的定语从句

1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

(who/that在从句中作主语)

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换).

例如：

Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等.

例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

(which / that在句中作宾语)

The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.

(which / that在句中作宾语)

关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：

不用that的情况：

a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时

(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.

b) 介词后不能用

We depend on the land from which we get our food.

c) 多用who 的情况

①关系代词在从句中做主语

A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend.

②先行词为those, people 时

Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth.

③先行词为all, anyone, ones, one 指人时

One who doesn't work hard will never succeed in his work.

④在There be句型中There is a stranger who wants to see you.

⑤在被分隔的定语从句中

A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German.

⑥在有两个定语从句的句子中，其一用who，其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时，后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。

The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very modest and studies very hard.

There is a teacher who is always ready to help others and who enjoys what he does.

只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况

a)在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。

All that is needed is a supply of oil.

Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police.

b)先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时，只用that。

He is the very man that helped the girl out of the water.

c)先行词为序数词(the last)、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。

The first English book that I read was “The Prince and the Pauper” by Mark Twin.

d)先行词既有人，又有物时。

He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited.

e)当主句是以who 或which 开始的特殊疑问句时，用that 以避免重复。

Who is the person that is standing at the gate.

f)关系代词在从句中做表语

He is not the man that he used to be.

3关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点、方式或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

关系副词when, where, why, how的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用.

例如：

There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.

Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?

I'm surprised the way how (by which) he works out the problem.

注意：

①在非限制性定语从句中，“介词+ which”结构不能代替关系副词。

如：They set up a state for their own , where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves.

②含有介词短语的动词一般不能拆开，介词仍放在动词后面。

Is this the book which (that) she was looking for?

3名词/数词/代词 /形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句

She has written a book , the name of which I have forgotten.

There are fifty-five students in our class , all of whom are working hard.

There are five continents in the world , the largest of which is Asia.

4as, which 引导非限定性定语从句的差别

由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。

As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.

as可引导非限制性从句，常带有“正如”的意思。

As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.

用法区别：

(1) as 引导的'定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。

As we all know, he never smokes.

(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which。

(3)非限定性定语从句中出现expect, think, suppose 等表示猜测、想象、预料等时。

She succeeded in her doing the research work , as we expected.

(4)As 的用法 the same? as; such?as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和??一样??。

I should like to use the same tool as is used here.

We should have such a dictionary as he is using.

◆高考定语从句典型陷阱题分析◆

1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.

A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were

【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。

【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was.请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：

（1） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.

A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are

（2） The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.

A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are

（3） Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.

A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are

2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？”

A. that B. which C. where D. what

【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。

【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？

3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。

【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：

_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

此题答案选 A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。

再比较下面一组题，其中第（1）题选 B，第（2）题选 D：

（1） ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which B. As C. That D. It

（2） ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.

A. Which B. As C. That D. It

4. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.

A. that B. who C. as D. whom

【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。

【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … （如此……以至……）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that.比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：

David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.

A. that B. who C. as D. whom

请再做以下试题（答案选D）：

It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.

A. like B. that C. which D. as

5. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses.

【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses.类似地，以下各题也选D：

（1） His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

（2） Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

（3） This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.

A. that B. it C. them D. which

类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：

（4） George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.

A. that B. him C. them D. whom

（5） Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.

A. that B. who C. them D. whom

（6） I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.

A. that B. who C. them D. whom

6. He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.

A. whom B. them C. which D. who

【陷阱】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students.

【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B.比较以下各题（答案均选A）：

（1） He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

（2） He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.

A. them B. which C. what D. that

（3） He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.

A. whom B. them C. which D. who

（4） He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.

A. them B. whom C. which D. who

7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.

A. whom B. them C. which D. who

【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。

【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A.比较：

（1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。

（2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were.

（3） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.

A. which B. them C. what D. that

答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。

8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.