过去分词高考考点透析

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过去分词高考考点透析(整理6篇)由网友“ShirleyHan”投稿提供,下面是小编为大家整理后的过去分词高考考点透析,以供大家参考借鉴!

过去分词高考考点透析

篇1:过去分词高考考点透析

作者:籍万杰

请看下面一道高考题:

Unless ________ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.

A. invited B. inviting

C. being invited D. having invited

此题答案为A,考查过去分词作状语的用法。

近年来的高考试题对过去分词的用法特别青睐,频频对其进行考查。本文拟结合近几年的高考试题,就过去分词的用法及易考点加以点拨,希望对刚踏入高三的同学们有所帮助。

过去分词主要起形容词或副词的作用,表示“被动、完成”的意义,在句中作状语、定语、补足语、表语等,也可以构成独立主格结构。选择分词时,关键看分词与其逻辑主语的关系,若是其逻辑主语主动发出的动作,选用现在分词;若是被动动作,则选用过去分词。

一、考查过去分词作状语

过去分词作状语可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随等。有时过去分词前也可加上连词when, while, if, unless, though等。过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子中的主语,表示被动或完成意义。例如:

1. ________ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A. Being founded B. It was founded

C. Founded D. Founding

2. ________ time, he'll make a first-class tennis player.

A. Having given B. To give

C. Giving D. Given

二、考查过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语,其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词或代词,表示一个被动或完成的动作,相当于一个被动的定语从句。例如:

3. Prices of daily goods ________ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A. are bought B. bought

C. been bought D. buying

4. The Olympic Games, ________ in 776 B.C., did not include women players until 1912.

A. first playing B. to be first played

C. first played

D. to be first playing

三、考查过去分词作补足语

过去分词作宾语补足语时,逻辑主语是其前面的宾语,表示一个被动或完成的动作。例如:

5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ________ behind his back.

A. being tied B. having tied

C. to be tied D. tied

四、考查过去分词作表语

过去分词作表语,其主语通常是人,表示主语所处的状态或表示主语对某事的感觉,意思是“(某人)......的”;而现在分词作表语时,其主语通常是物,表示主语的特征,意思是“令人......的”。常用作表语的过去分词有: interested, moved, discouraged, amused, astonished, surprised, frightened, excited, moved, inspired, tired, worried, hurt, crowded, gone, broken, dressed, wounded, pleased,等等。例如:

6. As we joined the big crowd I got ________ from my friends.

A. separated

B. spared

C. lost D. missed

五、考查过去分词在独立主格结构中的使用

分词作状语时,如果句子的主语不是分词的逻辑主语,则会出现分词的“悬垂”现象。解决的办法是在分词前加上其逻辑主语,构成独立主格结构,在句中作状语,表示时间、原因、条件等。例如:

7. Hands ________ behind his head, John lay on the sand with his eyes looking straight upward into space.

A. crossing B. were crossed

C. crossed D. had crossed

另外,有些以过去分词形式出现的词,其词性和意思都已发生了变化,须引起同学们的注意。例如:

8. ________ the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover from the operation.

A. Given B. To give

C. Giving D. Having given

“Given”在此处是介词,意思是“在......的情况下;考虑到”。

答案:1-5 CDBCD 6-8 ACA

你对第1面的《过去分词高考考点透析》一文理解得如何?为了使你加深印象,检测一下你的复习效果,请做下面选自高考试题的单项填空练习。为了让你开动脑筋,不盲目猜题,本练习题中也包括其它非谓语动词形式的习题。

1. Because of my poor English I'm afraid I can't make myself________.

A. understand B. to understand

C. understanding D. understood

2. The workers want us________ together with them.

A. work B. working

C. to work D. worked

3. What's the language________in Germany?

A. speaking B. spoken

C. be spoken D. to speak

4. ________some officials, Napoleon inspected his army.

A. Followed B. Followed by

C. Being followed

D. Having been followed by

5. Most of the people________ to the party were famous scientists.

A. invited B. to invite

C. being invited D. inviting

6. He was disappointed to find his suggestions________.

A. been turned down

B. turned down

C. to be turned down

D. to turn down

7. Do you know the boy________ under the big tree?

A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying

8. -Good morning. Can I help you?

-I'd like to have this package________, madam.

A. be weighed B. to be weighed

C. to weigh D. weighed

9. There was a terrible noise________ the sudden burst of light.

A. followed B. following

C. to be followed D. being followed

10. ________more attention, the trees could have grown better.

A. Given B. To give

C. Giving D. Having given

11. The secretary worked late into the night, ________a long speech for the president.

A. to prepare B. preparing

C. prepared D. was preparing

12. It was so cold that they kept the fire ________all night.

A. to burn B. burn

C. burning D. burned

13. Generally speaking,________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.

A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take

14. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ________the girl and took her away,________ into the woods.

A. seizing; disappeared

B. seized; disappeared

C. seizing; disappearing

D. seized; disappearing

15. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains________ whether they will enjoy it.

A. to see

B. to be seen

C. seeing

D. seen

16. The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain________ as the plane was making a landing.

A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating

17. After his journey from abroad, Richard Jones returned home, ________.

A. exhausting B. exhausted C. being exhausted D. having exhausted

18. The________ boy was last seen________ near the East Lake.

A. missing; playing B. missing; play

C. missed; played D. missed; to play

19. The patient was warned________ oily food after the operation.

A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating

20. While building a tunnel through the mountain, ________.

A. an underground lake was discovered

B. there was an underground lake discovered

C. a lake was discovered underground

D. the workers discovered an underground lake

key: 1-5 DCBBA 6-10 BDDBA 11-15 BCBDB 16-20 CBACD

篇2:《游子吟》考点透析

深挚的母爱,无时无刻不在沐浴着儿女们。然而对于孟郊这位常年颠沛流离、居无定所的游子来说,最值得回忆的,莫过于母子分离的痛苦时刻了。此诗描写的就是这种时候,慈母缝衣的普通场景,而表现的,却是诗人深沉的内心情感。

开头两句“慈母手中线,游子身上衣”,用“线”与“衣”两件极常见的东西将“慈母”与“游子”紧紧联系在一起,写出母子相依为命的骨肉感情。三、四句“临行密密缝,意恐迟迟归”,通过慈母为游子赶

《游子吟》诗意画 制出门衣服的动作和心理的刻画,深化这种骨肉之情。母亲千针万线“密密缝”是因为怕儿子“迟迟”难归。伟大的母爱正是通过日常生活中的细节自然地流露出来。前面四句采用白描手法,不作任何修饰,但慈母的形象真切感人。

最后两句“谁言寸草心,报得三春晖”,是作者直抒胸臆,对母爱作尽情的`讴歌。这两句采用传统的比兴手法:儿女像区区小草,母爱如春天阳光。儿女怎能报答母爱于万一呢?悬绝的对比,形象的比喻,寄托着赤子对慈母发自肺腑的爱。

这是一首母爱的颂歌,在宦途失意的境况下,诗人饱尝世态炎凉,穷愁终身,故愈觉亲情之可贵。“诗从肺腑出,出辄愁肺腑”(苏轼《读孟郊诗》)。这首诗,虽无藻绘与雕饰,然而清新流畅,淳朴素淡中正见其诗味的浓郁醇美。

这首诗艺术地再现了人所共感的平凡而又伟大的人性美,所以千百年来赢得了无数读者强烈的共鸣。直到清朝,溧阳有两位诗人又吟出了这样的诗句:“父书空满筐,母线萦我襦”(史骐生《写怀》),“向来多少泪,都染手缝衣”(彭桂《建初弟来都省亲喜极有感》),足见此诗给后人的深刻印象。

游子吟名家点评

《唐诗品汇》:刘云:全是托兴,终之悠然。不言之感,复非睍睆寒泉之比。千古之下,犹不忘淡,诗之尤不朽者。

《唐诗归》:钟云:仁孝之言,自然风雅。

《唐诗选脉会通评林》:周敬曰:亲在远游者难读。顾璘曰:所谓雅音,此等是也。

《唐风怀》:南村曰:二语婉至多风,使人子读之,爱慕油然自生,觉“昊天罔极”尚属理语(末二句下)。

《唐风定》:仁孝蔼蔼,万古如新。

《载酒园诗话又编》:贞元、元和间,诗道始杂,类各立门户。孟东野为最高深,如“慈母手中线……”,真是《六经》鼓吹,当与退之《拘幽操》同为全唐第一。

《寒瘦集》:此诗从苦吟中得来,故辞不烦而意尽,务外者观之,翻似不经意。

《柳亭诗话》:孟东野“慈母手中线”一首,言有尽而意无穷,足与李公垂“锄禾日当午”并传。

《唐诗别裁》:即“欲报之德,昊天罔极”意,与昌黎之“臣罪当诛,天王圣明”同有千古。

篇3:高考英语过去分词典型考点解析

动词的过去分词用法灵活,应用广泛,在高考试卷中,单项填空、完形填空、短文改错等诸多题型都设置了对动词过去分词的考查。本文主要讨论它的句法功能在高考单项填空中的应用。

一、过去分词作定语

1.(07上海) The Town Hall ____ in the 1800’s was the most distinguished building at that time.

A to be completed B having been completed C completed D being completed

【简析】句中的The Great Hall与complete之间是被动关系,故应选用过去分词,相当于which were completed,答案为C。

2.(06北京) There have been several new events ____ to the program for the Beijing Olympic Games.

A add B to add C adding D added

【简析】根据句中的have been可知new events已经加入到比赛中,表示完成的动作;而且add与events又存在被动关系,答案为D。

3.(07湖南) “Things _____ never come again!” I couldn’t help talking to myself.

A lost B losing C to lose D have lost

【简析】根据语境,我们应选A,因为things与lose的关系是lose things,是动宾关系,things是被丢的。

4.The Olympic Games,____________ in 776 BC,did not include women players until 1912.[NMET97]

A.first playing B.to be first played鶦.first played鶧.to be first playing【简析】根据题意可知,the Olympic Games与play之间是被动关系,因此可以排除A和D,另外B表示将来的动作,也应排除,故答案为C。它可还原成一个非限制性定语从句:which was first played in 776 BC。

解题关键:动词过去分词表示的意义是被动的和完成的,单个的分词作定语常常放在被修饰词的前面,而分词短语作定语时,通常置于被修饰词的后面,其作用相当于一个定语从句。且分词所表示的动作与其所修饰的名词构成逻辑上的动宾关系。

二、过去分词作状语

5.____________ more attention,the trees could have grown better.[MET90]A.Given B.To give鶦.Giving D.Having given

【简析】句子主语the trees与give之间是被动关系,故答案选A,过去分词短语Given more attention作条件状语,放于句首。

6.(07浙江) ____ by a greater demand for vegetables, farmers have built more green houses.

A Driven B Being driven C To drive D Having driven

【简析】答案选A。drive与句子主语farmers的关系是farmers被驱使,因此用driven表示被动关系。Being driven是正在被驱使,不需要强调进行时。

7.The research is so designed that once ____________ nothing can be done to change it.[NMET]

A.begins鶥.having begun C.beginning D.begun

【简析】答案为D。once begun在句中作条件状语,它是状语从句once it is begun的省略形式,句意为:这项调查研究事先计划的如此完好,以致于一旦开始,什么也无法改变它。

8.Generally speaking, ______according to the directions, the drug has no side effect. (’上海)

A. when taking鶥. when taken鶦. when to take鶧. when to be taken

【简析】完整的说法应是when the drug is taken according to the directions,…由于主句的主语和从句的主语相同,因此可以省略从句的主语the drug和谓语的一部分is,答案为B。当然也可以省去when。

解题关键:过去分词作状语时,它常与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。作条件、原因、时间状语时,分词短语常位于句首;作伴随、方式、结果状语时,分词短语常位于句末。

三、过去分词作表语

9.Cleaning women in big cities usually get ____________ by the hour.[NMET98]

A.pay鶥.paying鶦.paid鶧.to pay

10.As we joined the big crowd I got ____________ from my friends.[NMET]

A.separated鶥.spared鶦.lost鶧.missed

【简析】第9题答案为C,过去分词paid作系动词get的表语,类似的用法还有:get married,get beaten,get excited,get caught in等。同样,第9题答案为A,句意为:当我们走进人群中时,我和朋友们分开了。

过去分词作表语时,应注意它和现在分词的区别:现在分词常常表示特征,意为“令人……”,而过去分词则表示状态,意为“(某人)感到……”。再如:

11.I used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time,but now I am interesting in football.[NMET97短文改错][

答案]将interesting改为interested。

解题关键:过去分词及过去分词短语作表语时,分词所表示的动作与句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系;而现在分词及其短语作表语时,分词所表示的动作与句子的主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系。

四、过去分词作宾语补足语

12.The speaker raised his voice but still couldn't make himself ____________ .[MET91]

A.hear B.to hear鶦.hearing D.heard

【简析】make oneself heard为固定结构,意为“使自己的声音被别人听到”,再如make oneself understood表示“把自己的意思表达清楚”,故答案为D。

13.-Good morning.Can I help you?-I'd like to have this package __________,madam.[MET89]

A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed

【简析】have sth.done是固定结构,意为“让别人去做某事”或“让某事被别人完成”,该题表示“我想让别人称这个包裹”,因此答案为D,过去分词weighed作this package的宾语补足语。

解题关键:过去分词作宾语补足语时,常见的句式有:

1.使役动词或感官动词(have, make, see, hear, watch, notice, feel等)+宾语+过去分词。如:

Yesterday I had my bicycle repaired.

The teacher spoke so slowly so that he could make himself understood.

On my way back home, I heard my name called.

另外,have还有“遭受、遭遇”的意思。如:

Yesterday she had her wallet stolen when she was doing shopping.

2.某些动词(keep, leave, get, find)+宾语+过去分词。如:

If I get further information, I’ll keep you informed.

When I came into the classroom, I found it cleared.

3.介词with+宾语+过去分词。如:

The child was crying with the glass broken.

With all the work finished, they hurried back home for lunch.

14.The murderer was brought in,with his hands ____________ behind his back.[MET90]

A.being tied B.having tied鶦.to be tied D.tied

【简析】在with复合结构中,hands与tie之间含有被动关系,因此首先排除B,另外此处tied不但表示被动,还可以表示完成,因此A、C又可排除,故答案为D。

15.The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ____________ the next year.[NMET]

A.carry out鶥.carrying out鶦.carried out D.to carry out

【简析】该题句式结构较为复杂,首先,先行词the plan后跟一个由that引导的定语从句;在定语从句中,关系代词that替代the plan,又充当动词see的宾语,因此该空处于宾语补足语的位置;另外,the plan与carry out之间是动宾关系,故答案为C,构成see sth.done结构。

篇4:英语语法原则“倒装”考点透析

高考英语“倒装”考点透析

一、为了句子意义的需要。也就是为了强调句子的某一内容,并使上下文衔接紧密;或为了保持句子平衡。常见有下列情况:

1.句子谓语是go,come,run等表示位置的动词和be动词,句中又有表示方位的副词(如the re,here,up,down,out,in,away等),为了强调该副词,可将其放于句首,而将谓语动词全部置于主语之前。如:

Here comes the train to Beijing.

去北京的火车来了。

There goes the bell.铃响了。

Down came the rain.下雨了。

但主语是人称代词时,主语仍置于动词之前。如:

Away he comes.他来了。

Here it comes.它来了。

2.为了强调句中的状语或表语,为了保持句子平衡或上下文衔接紧密,可将状语或表语置于句首,句中主语和谓语完全倒装。如:

At the front of the hall sat the headmaster.

校长坐在大厅的前部。

In this paragraph can be found an answer.

在这段里能找到答案。

3.为了强调only及其所修饰的状语(通常是副词、介词短语或从句),则将它们移到句首,句中的主谓作部分倒装。如:

Only then did we realize that the man was blind.

直到那时我们才发现那个人是盲人。

Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.直到19战争结束后,他才得以愉快地重返工作岗位。

4.将含有否定意义的副词(never,seldom,not,little,hardly等)置于句首以示强调时,句中的主谓作部分倒装。如:

Seldom in my life have I met so determined a person.一生中我很少见到如此果断的人。

5.为了强调“not a+名词”或“not a single+名词”结构,将其置于句首时,句中的主谓作部分倒装。如:

Not a word did he say at the last meeting.

在上次会议上他一句话都没说。

6. Hardly…when,no sooner…than,not only…but also引导两个分句时,将前一个分句中的主谓作部分倒装,后一个分句中的主谓语序不变。

如:

Hardly had he began to speak when his father stopped him.他刚开口发言就被父亲制止了。

No sooner had I left my house than it began to rain.

我刚刚离开家就下雨了。

但neither/not…nor引导两个分句时,这两个分句中的主谓均要倒装。如:

Neither do I know her address,nor does he.

我不知道她的地址,他也不知道.

Not could the patient eat,nor could he drink.

那个病人既不能吃,也不能喝。

7.在“so+形容词…that分句”结构中,如将“so+形容词”置于句首以示强调时,其后的系动词be则要移到主语前面,形成主谓的完全倒装。如:

So moved was she that she could not say a word.

她激动得一句话也说不出来。

在“so+副词…that分句”结构中,如将“so+副词”置于句首以示强调时,其后的主谓作部分倒装。如:

So loudly did he speak that even the people in the next room could hear him.他的声音那么大,连隔壁屋子里的人都听得见。

So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.光速如此之快,我们很难想象。

二、由于语法结构的需要使用倒装。常见于下列句型:

1.“So+助动词+主语”是一种常用于对前面所说的情况作简短回答的句型。如:

I was late and so was she.

我迟到了,她也迟到了。

They loveshavingslots of friends,so do those with disabilities.他们喜欢广交朋友,残疾人也一样。

2.“Neither/Nor+助动词+主语”是用于对前面所说的否定内容表示同样看法的句型。如:

She won't go. Neither/Nor will I.

她不走,我也不。

I cannot swim. Neither can he (swim).

我不会游泳,他也不会。

3.当if引导的虚拟条件从句中含有had,were或should等时,如将if省略,则要将had,were或should等移到主语前,作部分或完全倒装。

Had you come yesterday,you would have seen him.若你昨天来,你就会见到他了。

4.表示存在的句型“There be+主语”也属于倒装句之列。如:

There are three chairs,a desk and a computer in the room.

.怎么背单词效率高?

01

要有合理的预期

【弯路】

记得我背单词能力突飞猛进前,我一直比较急功近利。当年备考初期,我看了很多高分心得。在心得中,许多高分得主都提到自己可以一天刷一千多,甚至好几千单词(包括背过待巩固的)。我图样图森破地认为这些人从一开始就能每天背这么多,所以我也给自己制定了类似的计划。结果自然是,花了很多时间,但却没收获几个单词。反而增大了挫败感。

【走出弯路】

其实,这些高分得主花了很多的功夫才达到这样的背诵效率。所以在制定背单词计划时,我们也应该对每个阶段能背的量有一个合理的预期。一开始往往我们能背的比较少,因为新词多,也因为才刚刚开始熟悉背单词的技巧。所以每天100个单词,当我们渐入佳境后,我们每天能刷的单词数也会越来越多。

02

克制对新词的贪欲

【弯路】

我曾经特别喜欢背新单词,因为我特别享受不断在一本单词书中往后背的感觉,就好像游戏闯关。但后来我意识到这其实是自欺欺人,是一种大脑中虚幻的成就感。背过一百个新单词,不代表就记住了一百个新单词。

【走出弯路】

所以要想高效率地背单词,我们一定要克制对新单词的贪欲。当出现这种贪欲时,要反问自己,不复习刚背过的单词,就直接挑战新的单词,这真的是我应该做的吗?这真的是我内心深处想做的吗?我花了好几个月的时间和这种贪欲做斗争,最终战胜了这种欲望。每次背完一个list,约100个单词,我首先会花10分钟时间快速地将每个单词快速过2~3遍,以加深印象。这样做的效果很好。我的单词遗忘率不断下降。

03

想很久才想起意思的单词就是不会

【弯路】

如果在回忆一个单词的意思时,我们需要停顿好几秒,甚至十几秒,其实我们并没有真正记住这个单词。一开始我不愿意承认这点。所以,每当我花了十几秒想起一个单词的意思,并拿书确认后,我会开心地暗示自己,我有记住这个单词。但事实不是这样的。残酷的事实是,其实我并没有掌握这个单词,或者至少是没有记牢。

而没有记牢,在考试实战时对于一个考生非常不利。比如阅读一个长句时,每次我们停下来回忆一个单词的意思,我们大脑有限的短时记忆空间 (working memory) 就被占用了,因此我们就有可能忘掉之前读过的那部分的意思,而这对于我们理解长句是非常不利的。记不牢单词对于听力的负面影响更大,因为听力需要我们更快速的反应,并且听完后我们也没有文本进行确认。

【走出弯路】

走出这个弯路的方法就是对自己更加严格要求。在背过某个单词后,我们应该要求自己在0.1秒左右就反应出该单词的意思。单词也属于学术,学术需要严谨。在学术的世界里,会就是会,不会就是不会,不要容许似懂非懂。

04

想要记住,先要理解单词的意思

【弯路】

我之前背单词,尤其是背抽象单词,或者意思非常复杂的单词时,其实并不理解某些单词的意思,而仅仅是认识该单词中文释义中的那几个字而已。举例,cynical,这个词的意思是犬儒主义,但到底什么是犬儒主义呢?我在背时其实并没理解,我仅仅是强求我的大脑把cynical和犬儒主义划等号。但离开准确的理解,我们的大脑是很难记住信息,尤其是抽象复杂的信息的。这就好比我们背数学公式,如果我们都没懂那个公式,那其实我们也很难背住那个公式。

【走出弯路】

因此我们需要打破砂锅问到底的精神。当我们遇到抽象词,难词时,可以在韦氏词典的官网 (Dictionary and Thesaurus) 或用柯林斯英汉双解大词典的英文部分来帮助我们准确理解这些抽象词,难词。我们还可以求助度娘或者谷歌,来帮助我们精确理一些抽象词,难词的中文意思。

05

利用好碎片时间

【弯路】

最初,我基本只利用整块的时间来背单词。有时,如果抽不出整块的时间,我就干脆不背了。背单词是一项艰难的任务。它是马拉松,而非短跑。我当时这种三天打鱼两天晒网的做法大大消磨了我背单词的意志,也进而减弱了我记忆单词的效果。这就和健身一样,很多时候,停掉几天不练,想再捡起这个习惯就很难了。因为势头不在了。

【走出弯路】

因此我们需要利用好碎片时间,这样我们既能保住背单词的势头,也能拥有更多的背单词时间(不要低估积少成多的力量)。碎片时间需要我们主动挖掘。我当时挖掘出来的碎片时间主要有:等公车或的士时;单独吃饭等上菜时及吃饭时;独自喝咖啡喝茶时;坐在车里望向窗外发呆时,等等。

我利用碎片时间背单词的主要工具是App。现在这种背单词的知名App有很多,我就不一一介绍了。

06

自己创造助记提示

【弯路】

其实单词背多之后,我们会发现有些单词,看一眼就能记住。而有些单词努力刷个十几遍好歹也能记住。但还有些单词,可能我们刷个二十几遍,三十几遍都无法记住。针对这些单词,我们不能继续用蛮力去记了。这个时候再用蛮力的确让人动容,但对背住这些难词,其实效果并不大。

【走出弯路】

我们应该智取。而创造助记提示是一种非常好的智取手段。常见的助记提示有单词的形状,单词的谐音,单词与个人经历的关联等。

07

大量的针对性阅读

【弯路】

最初,我背完单词后并没有去进行大量的针对性阅读。我也因此失去了在不同场景中与背过的单词“重逢”的机会。而这种重逢,对于我们记牢单词,尤其是难词,是非常重要的。

【走出弯路】

因此,我们在背完单词后,需要及时进行大量的针对性阅读。这样,我们就能反复激活对于已背单词的记忆,最终提升我们背单词的效率。所谓的针对性阅读,指的是我们需要根据我们背的单词的难度,来调整我们阅读的文本的难度。如果我们背高考这种难度的单词,看的却是中考英语难度的文本。或者,我们背高考英语单词,却非要强求自己看纽约客这样的高难度内容,最终都只会适得其反。

篇5:透析中考英语语法主谓一致考点

【语法概说】

【主谓一致命题趋势与预测】

根据对主谓一致部分全国各地试题的分析可知,今后该部分将是重点考查点之一。其考查重点为:

1、主谓一致的语法一致原则

2、主谓一致的整体一致原则

3、主谓一致的就近一致原则

4、主谓一致的意义一致原则

5、主谓一致的附加原则

【考点诠释】

一、由or, either... or... , neither... nor... , not only...but also... , whether...or...等连接并列主语时,常采用就近原则,动词与最靠近的主语保持一致。

【考例】Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China.[临沂市]

A.will visit B. has visited C.have visited D .visited

[答案]B .[解析]本题既考查时态,又考查并列连词not only...but also的用法。由时间状语since they came to China,可判断用现在完成时,排除A、D两项;not only...but also连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词要用“就近原则。

Neither Jim nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. [潍坊市]

A.have been;a11 B. have been; both C has been; all D.has been; both

[答案]B.[解析]考查neither...nor的用法,以及both与all的区别。neither…nor连接两个主语时,谓语用“就近原则”,cousins是复数,谓语用have been,排除C和D项;指两者用both。

二、the number of + 复数名词,主语是the number(数量),谓语动词用单数;a number of +复数名词,主语是复数名词,a number of作定语, 相当于many,谓语动词用复数。

【考例】Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. (包头)

A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers

C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers

答案:A。该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念,因此谓语动词应用复数形式。(deer单复数相同)

The number of ________ in our class ________ fifty. (2004山东烟台)

A. student, is B. the students, are C. the students, is D. students, are

[答案]: C

[命题立意]:本题考查主谓一致的用法。

[试题解析]:the number of 后接复数名词,作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选C。

三、动词不定式、动名词以及名词性从句作主语时,谓语动词常用单数形式。

【考例】As the saying ________,“Where there is a will; there is a way. ”[昆明市]

A. go B. goes C. going D. went

[答案]B.[解析] the saying为第三人称单数形式,所以谓语动词用goes。

但what从句作主语而表语是复数时,谓语动词常用复数。

What we badly need here are experienced teachers. 我们这里急需的是有经验的教师。

四、and连接的两个单数名词作主语。

【考例】 Trees and flowers ________every year to make our country more beautiful. [陕西省]

A. is planted B. was planted C. are planted D. were planted

[答案]C.[解析] every year说明本句表示的是一般现在时的概念,去掉B、D项;trees and flowers表达复数意义,所以选C项。

五、表示时间、距离、金钱、体积或数字等的词语作主语且表示总量时,谓语动词用单数。

【考例】

---How much ________the shoes?

---Five dollars_________ enough. [年青岛市]

A.is;is B are;is C.are;are D.is;are

[答案]B .[解析] 答案为B。shoes作主语时,谓语动词应用复数形式;five dollars是一个整体,应按单数对待。

How time flies! Ten years ________ passed. (2004天津)

A. have B. has C. is D. are

答案:B。该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体,谓语动词用单数形式。

六、就近原则

--There__________ no milk in the fridge. Could you get some for me, Dick?

--All right, Mum. [福州市]

A. is B. are C. was D. were

[答案]A.[解析]本题考查“there be”句型中be的数及时态,be在数上要与最近的主语保持一致.句子的主语是不可数名词,所以be应使用单数形式,B、D两项可以排除。

Not only Jim but also his sister ______a few cities in the south since they came to China.[07临沂市]

A.will visit B. has visited C.have visited D .visited

[答案]B .[解析]本题既考查时态,又考查并列连词not only...but also的用法。由时间状语since they came to China,可判断用现在完成时,排除A、D两项;not only...but also连接两个并列的主语时,谓语动词要用“就近原则。

Neither Jim nor his cousins _______to America, but _____of them know the country very well. [07年潍坊市]

A.have been;a11 B. have been; both C has been; all D.has been; both

[答案]B.[解析]考查neither...nor的用法,以及both与all的区别。neither…nor连接两个主语时,谓语用“就近原则”,cousins是复数,谓语用have been,排除C和D项;指两者用both。

【语法回顾】

主谓一致

1. 语法一致的原则

2. 意义一致的原则

3. 邻近一致的原则

谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

在英语中,谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上同主语保持一致,叫做主谓一致。通常采用下列三个原则来处理,即:语法形式一致的原则、逻辑意义一致的原则、就近(或毗邻)一致的原则。

一、语法形式一致的原则,即在语法形式上取得一致。如:主语为单数形式,谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式,谓语动词也采用复数形式。但须注意下列几种情况:

1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 例如:

Much land has been deserted in this area in the past few years.在过去的几年中,这个地区的许多土地已经沙化。

To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage.开始吸烟很容易,但是要戒烟却需要勇气。

Reading English newspapers is a good way of improving you English. 阅读英文报纸是提高你英语水平的好方法。

What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。

How you can get there is a problem. 你怎么到那儿去还是个问题。

[注意:]由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时,主句的谓语动词用复数 。例如:

What I bought were three English books.我买的是三本英语书。

What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.我所说的和做的对你是有帮助的。

2、由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时,谓语用复数。例如:

Swimming and walking are good exercises.游泳和散步都是好运动。

He and I were classmates when we were at college.他和我在上大学时是同学。

Both John and Ann have got pen-friends.约翰和安都有笔友。

Both Zhou Lan and Yang Pei like sports.周兰和杨蓓都爱好体育。

[注意]1)但是,并列主语如果表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,谓语动词用单数形式(这时and后的名词前没有冠词)。例如:

The manager and secretary was absent at the meeting.经理兼书记没有出席会议。

The manager and the secretary are busy now.经理和书记现在都很忙。

Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li.他们的老师和朋友是李先生。

2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every或many a ,more than one修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。 例如:

In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.在我们国家里,每个男孩和女孩都有权利受教育。

Each man and each woman is asked to help. 每个男士和妇女都被请来帮忙。

Many a student is having practice in that factory. 许多学生正在那家工厂实习。

More than one student is interested in the book.不止一个学生对这本书感兴趣。

[注意] 在“more than one+单数名词”作主语时,若在There be句型中,亦可用复数。 如:

There is/are more than one man here. 这儿不止一个人。

3、如果主语是单数,尽管后面跟有(together) with, as well as, like, but, except, besides,including, no less than, rather than ,as much as,more than,along with in addition to等介词短语,其谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,则谓语动词也用复数。例如:

An English teacher together with some students has climbed to the top of the mountain.一位英语老师和几个学生已经爬到了山顶。

Mary as well as her friends likes this painting.玛丽和她的朋友都喜欢这幅画。

No one except my close friends knows anything about this matter.除了我的亲密朋友谁也不知道这件事。

She, like you and Tom, is very tall.像你和汤姆那样她很高。

4、不定代词each, either, neither 和由 some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数。 例如:

Each (of us) takes a cup of coffee.(我们)每人喝一杯咖啡。

Everyone knows smoking cigarettes is bad for health.大家都知道吸烟不利于身体健康。

Nothing is to be done 没有什么要干的事。

Everybody obeys the school rules; anybody who breaks the rules is punished.每个人必须遵守学校规则,任何人违反了规则将受到惩罚。

2)若后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。例如:

None of the sugar was left.没有剩下什么糖了。

None of us has (have) been to America.我们中没有人去过美国。

5.不定代词none 以及由”none/either/neither+of+复数合词(或代词)“构成的短语作主语时,谓语用单复数均可,这取决于说话人的意思。当说话人着眼于“每一个都不.......”或“两个中的任何一个都不.......”时,谓语动词用单数;当说话者着眼于“所有的都不.......”或“两个中的全部都不.......”时,谓语动词用复数。例如:

None know when that was. (强调所有的人) 没人知道这是什么时候的事。

None is so good as he.(强调每一个人) 没有人像他那么好。

None of them have / has a car.他们都没有小汽车。(他们没有一个人有小汽车。)

Neither of them know / knows the answer.他们两个全都不知道答案。(他们两个人谁也不知道答案。)

Neither of the article is (are ) interesting.其中没有哪篇文章有趣。

Neither of them have replied. 他们两个谁也没有答复。

Neither of them has replied. 他们两个谁也没有答复。

5、在定语从句中,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数,应与句中先行词的数一致。例如:

It sounded like a train which/that was going under my house.那声音听起来就像有一列火车从我的房子底下开过似的。

People who study the think that there will be another big one soon.研究地震的人认为不久将还有一次大的地震。

The horse which is tied to the tree belongs to John.拴在树上的那匹马是约翰的。

Those who want to go on a journey please sign your name here.要去旅游的请把名字签在这儿。

Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.被人类使用的一些能源来自太阳。

[注意]在以“one of the+复数名词”为先行词的定语从句中,关系代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数;但如果“one of the+复数名词”这个结构前有the only之类的修饰语时,其从句的谓语动词用单数。 例如:

This is one of the questions that have been asked by the students.这是学生提出的许多问题的一个。

Bob is one of my friends who are helping me with English.鲍勃是帮助我英语的朋友之一。

He is the only one of the officers who was invited to the ball here. 他是办公室唯一收到邀请参加舞会的人。

The head master is the only one of the teachers who knows Esperanton.校长是老师中唯一懂得世界语的人。

6、“a lot of (lots of, plenty of, a head of, heaps of, the rest(majority) of ,some

(many,anymore,most, all等)of++名词”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词(短语)保持一致。例如:

Some of us do not know much about the theatre.我们中有一些人还不太懂得戏剧。

Some (of the sugar) is wet. 有些(糖)是湿的。

Most of the students in our class are league. 我们班上大多数学生是团员。

Most of the food tastes delicious. 大多数食物味道很好。

Half of the work is left unfinished.一半的工作没有完成。

Half of the apples are given to the children.一半的苹果送给孩子们。

Lots of damage was caused by smoking.许多损害是由吸烟引起的。

Plenty of English books are on the shelf.许多英语书在书架上。

注意:1)all单独作主语表示“人”时,谓语用复数;表示“整个事件或事情”时,谓语用单数。 如:

All are present. 所有的人都出席了。(表人)

All is well. 一切都好。 (表示整个事情或情况)

2)“a number of+复数名词 ”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;“The number of+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

A large number of buildings were burnt down.许多楼房被毁了。

A number of students in our class are out by the lake.我们班有些学生到湖边去了。

The number of students in our school is 2500.我们学校的学生人数是2500名。

The number of books on women published in China is growing.在中国,有关妇女书籍出版数目在增加。

The number of wagging dances per minute told the exact distance to the feeding place.每分钟摆尾的次数表明了到喂食处的精确距离。

7、由“分数或百分数+of +名词(或代词)”构成的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要与of后面的名词(短语)保持一致。例如:

Two thirds of the country is dry or desert.这个国家的三分之二的地方气候干燥或者是沙漠地区。

Two thirds of the people present are against the plan.在场的三分之二的人反对这个计划。

More than 70 percent of the surface of our earth is covered by water.我们地球的70%的表面被水所覆盖。

30 percent of the students in our class are girls.我们班的30%是女生。

8、如果主语是由“a kind of, 或this/that kind of, a series ( a species) of ,a pair of等 + 名词”构成谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如:

This kind of men is dangerous.这种人是危险的。

Is this kind of car made in Shanghai ?这种汽车是上海制造的吗?

There is a kind of rose in his garden.他的花园里有玫瑰花。

This kind of apple/apples is rather expensive. 这种苹果相当贵。

That kind of snake/snakes is dangerous. 那种蛇很危险。

[注意]但”there/those kinds of+复数名词"作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。 如:

There kinds of tests are good . 这种测试很好。

Those kinds of apple trees have not yet grown up. 那种苹果树还没有长。

如果种类不是一种而是多种,谓语动词应为复数。例如 :

There are many kinds of pears.有很多种梨子。

二、逻辑意义一致原则,即谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的内在涵义。常见的有以下几种情况:

1、表示总称意义形单意复的名词,如people, police, cattle 等作主语时,只当作复数看待,谓语在任何情况下都用复数。如:

Cattle are one cause of the problem.造成戈壁滩的原因之一是牲畜问题。

The police are searching for a murderer in that mountain.警察正在山中搜寻一名杀人犯。

2、以集体名词army, class, enemy, family, government, group, team,crew,crowd,public等集体名词作主语时,谓语应视其情况而用不同形式:当作主语被看作一个整体时,谓语用单数,如果被看成是其中的个体成员时,谓语就用复数。如:

Our class is better than any other classes at playing basketball in our school. 在打篮球方面,我们班胜过我们学校的任何一个班。

Our class are playing a basketball match tomorrow. 我们班同学明天要举行一场篮球赛。

Our family is not poor any more. 我们家已经不再贫困了。

My family all speak the Intuit language.我一家人都讲因努伊特语。

[注意]population 单独使用作主语时,谓语动词用单数;而前面有some, most 或与分数、百分数连用作主语时,则谓语动词用复数形式。例如:

Most of the population of the city are workers.这个城市人口的大多数是工人。

One third of the population now smoke.三分之一的人口在吸烟。

The population in our country is very large, and eighty percent of the population are farmers.我们国家人口众多,而80%的人口是农民。

3、当一些有两部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式,如glasses, trousers(裤子), shoes ,chopsticks(筷子),goods(货物),scissors(剪刀),socks, compasses(圆规) ,但如果这些名词前有a pair of,等量词修饰时,(clothes被修饰a suit of),谓语动词一般用单数形式。例如:

Your trousers need washing. 你的裤子该洗了。

My glasses are new. 我的眼镜是新的。

A pair of compass is an instrument for drawing circles.圆规是画圆的工具。

A pair of new shoes is in your suitcase.一双新鞋在你的手提箱里。

Two pairs of socks are enough for me. 对我来说,两双袜子就足够了。

4、由“pair, piece of +名词 / 代词”作主语时,谓语动词与pair, piece等词保持一致与后的代词、名词无关。例如:

There is a pair of shoes left.只剩下一双鞋。

The pieces of stone were then carried to the new place for the temple.所有的石块被运到新建寺庙的地方。

5、当表示时间、金钱、距离、重量、长度、价值等数词短语作主语,根据意义一致原则,通常被看作一个整体,其谓语用单数。 如:

Twenty years is a long time to us. 对于我们来说,是一段很长的时间。

One thousand pounds is a lot of money. 一千英镑是很大一笔钱。

6.某些形复意单的名词(如表示人名、地名、国名及组织、书籍、报刊等名称的专有名词和学科名词等)作主语,谓语用单数。 如:

Zhangjiajie is really a good place which is famous for its beautiful mountains.张家界的确是个好地方,它是以美丽的山而闻名的

Physics is a difficult subject to learn, I think. 我想,物理是一门难学的目。

The United States is in North America. 美国在北美洲。

News is travelling fast nowadays. 如今新闻播得很快。

The American film True Lies was directed by a world-famous director.美国影片《真实的谎言》是由一位世界著名的导演导演的。

7、如果主语由“the+形容词(分词)”担任时,往往根据意义一致原则,来决定谓语动词的单、复数形式。如果表示一类人时,谓语动用复数形式;如果指个人或抽象概念时,则谓语动词用单数形式。例如:

The old is taken good care of in our country. 在我们国家老人受到很好的照顾。

The sick is one of the students in our class. 那位病人是我们班的一个学生。

The beautiful lives forever. 美是永存的。

8、名词所有格之后的名词被省略的情况,一般只指商店、公共建筑物、住宅等,作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数。例如:

The baker's is on the side of the street.理发馆在街道的另一边。

My uncle's is not very far from here.我叔叔的家离这儿不太远。

9、数词作主语时,谓语用单数,但有四则运算中,谓语单、复数均可。如:

Ten is a round number. 十是个整数。

Ten times five is / are fifty. 十乘五等于五十。

Three hundred and forty plus six hundred and sixty is / are one thousand.340 加660等于1000。

10.疑问代词who, what, which作主语时,谓语动词的形式取决于它产本身的含义。如:

Who teaches you English? 谁教你们英语?

Who have gone there? 谁都已经去那儿了?

Which is your room? 哪一间是你的房子?

Which are your rooms? 哪几间是你的房子?

11、表示数量的短语“one and a half+名词复数”及“a+单数名词+and+a half”作主语时,谓语用单数。如:

One and a half oranges has been left on the table. 桌子上只剩下一个半桔了。

A month and a half has passed. 一个半月时间过去了。

12.某些单数同形的名词作主语时,依照意义一致的原则,表示单数意义时,谓语动词用单数;反之谓语动词则用复数形式。这类名词有:sheep,deer, fish,means(方法、手段)species (种类) -ance及以-ese/-ss结尾的表示民族的名词等)。例如:

One day this white sheep was lost. 有一天,这只白色的绵羊丢了。

There are many fish in the Jia Ling River. 嘉陵江时有很多鱼。

A Japanese is coming to visit our school tomorrow.明天有个日本人要来参观我们学校。

We Chinese are realizing the four modernizations. 我们中国人正在实现四个现代化。

三、就近一致原则,即谓语动词的数随最近的主语而定,又称为毗邻一致原则。例如:

1、当or,either...or, neither...nor, not only...but also...,not...but....,whether...or...等连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词单复数取决于最靠近于它的名词或代词。例如:

Either you or Lily is to do the cleaning after supper. 不是该你,就是该莉莉在晚饭后打扫卫生。

Not only the mother but also the children were there.不但母亲在那里,而且孩子们也在那里。

2、在倒装句中如一个句子由there 或here引起,而主语又不止一个,谓语动词往往与最邻近的一个主语保持一致。例如:

Where is your mother and younger sisters? 你的母亲和妹妹们在哪儿?

There is a desk a table and three chairs in the room. 房间里有一张书桌,一张桌子和三把椅子.

【语法过关】

1.How time flies! Ten years ________ passed.

A. have B. has C. is D. are

2.Not only his parents but also his brother ________ to the Summer Palace. They haven’t been back.

A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone

3.Neither my father ________ going to see the patient.

A. nor I am B. nor I are C. or me are D. or me is

4.Look! There _______ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. (2004包头)

A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers

5.The number of ________ in our class ________ fifty.

A. student, is B. the students, are C. the students, is D. students, are

6.The number of the students in our class _____ 54.

A. is B. are C. has D. have

7.Not only I but also Jane and Mary________ tired of having one examination after another.

A.is B.are C.am D.be

8.A library with five thousand books ____to the nation as a gift.

A.is offered B.has offered C.are offered D.have offered

9.When and where to build the new factory _________yet.

A.is not decided B.are not decided C.has not decided D.have not decided

10.The number of people invited __fifty, but a number of them ______absent for different reasons.

A.were,was B.was, was C.was,were D.were.were

11.Between the two buildings __________a monument.

A.is standing B.standing C.stands D.stand

12.Many a student ___that mistake before.

A.had made B.has been made C.have made D. has made

13.None of the money ____his.

A.is B.are C.belongs D.were

14.About three-fifths of the work ________done yesterday.

A.had B.was C.were D.have

15. Neither your sister nor mine _______the good news.Let's tell them.

A.know B knows C.knew

【参考答案】

1.B.[解析]该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体,谓语动词用单数形式。

2.D.[解析]该题考查的是主谓一致。如果由not only…but also连接两个并列主语,其谓语动词同相邻的

主语保持一致,谓语动词应用单数形式。又因为他们还都没有回来,所以用has gone而不用has been。

3.A.[解析]该题考查的是主谓一致。Neither…nor是一组连词,可连接连个并列主语,其谓语动词应同靠近的主语I保持一致, 因此应选A。

4.A.[解析]该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念,因此谓语动词应用复数形式。(deer单复数相同)

5.C.[解析]本题考查主谓一致的用法。the number of 后接复数名词,作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选C。

6.A.[解析]本题考查主谓一致的用法。the number of 后接复数名词,作主语时,其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选A。7.B。“不仅是我而且简和玛莉都已厌烦了一个接着一个的考试。”not only…需用到就近原则,but also之后又是两个人,是复数。故选B。

8.A.[解析] “一座藏书量是5000册的图书馆作为礼物送给了那个国家。”要找出这句话的主说是a library还是books,根据主谓一致原则with后面的短语是修饰、补充主语的情况的,故主语应是a library,又因为此题是被动语态,因此选择A。

9.A.[解析] “还未决定何时何地建设新工厂。”“两个并列连词+主语+谓语”作主语看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数,根据题意又应用被动语态,故选A。

10.C.[解析] “邀请人的数目是50人,但是许多人由于各种原因都缺席了。”“the number of+复数名词”意为“……的数量”,作主语,谓语动词用单数;“a number of+复数名词”意为“许多”,作主语,谓语动词用复数。

11.C.[解析] “一座纪念碑耸立在两楼之间。”倒装句的谓语动词要与后面的主语保持一致。

12.D.[解析] “许多学生以前就犯过这种错误。”“many a”虽然表达复数概念,意为“许多”,但当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数。

13.A.[解析] “钱都不属于他。”none作主语,谓语动词单复数都可,但这里的money为不可数名词,因此用单数形式为好,而belong to才是“属于”的意思,所以选A。

14.B.[解析] “昨天做了大约3/5的工作。”主语含有分数,百分比等等,谓语动词要根据其后面的名词而定,是不可数名词和单数可数名词,谓语动词用单数,是复数名词,谓语动词用复数。

15.B.[解析]句中的主语是your sister和mine,由并列连词neither…nor连在一起,所以谓语动词要与后一个主语mine相一致,这里mine指my sister。

篇6:近几年高考趋势透析

一、报考人数不断下降,录取比率稳中有升

高考年份2006年2007年2008年2009年

报考人数10.86万10.83万10.37万9.1万

录取比率72.9%73.5%74%74.5%

2008年报考文科类的考生约3.5万人,占报名总数的32.4%;报考理工类的考生约7万人,占报名总数的67.6%。

2009年高三应届毕业生人数将进一步减少,总数约为7.6万人,往届生一般在1.5万人左右,总计为9.1万人,同比2008年减少1.2万多人。

二、高考难度变数增加。明显提高对考生的能力要求

高考年份 2005年2006年2007年2008年

文科一本线486516 528515

理科一本线470528 531502

高考分数线骤降可以说是08年北京高考的最大看点,外语、文综和理综的难度较往年都有较大提升,导致很多考生在考试中很不适应。这也使得明年高考命题的形势变得更加扑朔迷离。

这几年北京的试题难度可谓变化多端,扑朔迷离。这从历年的一本分数线和600分以上的高分人数就可以看出来。2005年的一本分数线仅为470分,2006年分数线大幅提升,变成528分。很多人都预测07年将会提高试卷难度,降低分数线,岂料07年理科分数线不降反升,增至531分,让所有人惊叹不已。因此,在所有人都预测今年一本线将会维持高位的时候,却有出乎意料的降低了29分,变成502分,大家又是一片哗然。这也让明年的试题形势变得更加难以捉摸。从600分以上的高分人数来看2007年全市600分以上人数为6619人,比06年增加了187人。而08年仅为4771人,比去年降低了近2000人。

从今年的试题来看,命题的方向十分稳定,但明显提高了对学生能力的考察力度。比如今年的化学试卷思考容量大、具有很高的选拔性功能。今年的高考化学试题,I卷选择题既常规,又不陈不旧,既全面考核基础知识,又不落入俗套。所有选择题曾似相识、又有新意,如不仔细审题、细细深人思考,急急忙忙做答,极易产生错误。今年的I卷选择题,每题均突现出小题也是化学学科内综合的新特点。由于试题立意新颖,考查内容广,思考容量大,更加突出了思维能力的考查。这也是今年化学分数普遍较低的原因。可以说并非题目难,而是题目新颖,变化增多,对于依靠惯性思维和大量练习提升成绩的同学来说是极大的挑战。

今年的化学试题与往年相比,其阅读量是比较大的,特别是第二卷的大题,其思考容量之大,学科内综合程度之高是前所末有的。试题从多方面、多角度、全方位的考查了考生的观察能力、实验能力、思维能力、自学能力。可以说增加创新性,加大能力考察,增加区分度是今年高考试卷的一大亮点。

这对于09年的考生来说有着极好的启示作用。在复习备考的过程中更要摆脱机械性的记忆,要深入理解基础知识,同时要注意知识在实际生活中的运用。同时提升自己的阅读能力和计算能力,这也将是对09届考生的极大挑战。

三、优秀生分布逐渐均衡,但是在名校集中的现象仍然十分突出

据介绍,东城今年四成以上考生达到一本线,超七成学生可以上本科,这是近六年来的最好成绩。西城区理科学生平均分高达505分,已经超过理科一本线。超过55%的理科生能够上重点。西城高分文科生占北京高分考生总数的40%。今年西城区高三学生近80%可达本科线。这也打破了历年来海淀区一枝独秀的局面。但与此同时,高分考

生仍然大量集中在少数几所学校。海淀区六所学校的600分以上人数可以占到全市的25%左右。人大附中考分过600分的考生,理科有382名,文科有32名。北京二中有193名考生高考成绩超过600分。实验中学有250名理科生考分过600,北师大二附中文科考生中有25人高考成绩在630分以上,占全市该分段考生总数的1/5。

名校拥有较好的生源,这的确是不争的事实,但是教育资源不均衡的现象仍然十分明显,这对于普通中学的学生来说将会是极大的考验。所以许多考生和家长在备考过程中寻求外部支持,采取各种办法利用名校资源也是备考中的大势所趋。

综上所述,09年的广大考生将会面临机遇,又有巨大挑战。希望各位考生和家长能够提前做好准备,根据高考的要求武装自己,提高自己的能力。毕竟不管竞争如何激烈,考题如何变化,提升自己的综合能力才是高考成功的不二法门。

[近几年高考趋势透析]

透析中考英语语法主谓一致考点

备考四级英语的计划书

托福听力训练方法:精听+泛听

英语情境化语法教学(人教版高考复习)

高考英语复习方法总结单词讲解

英语考试技巧和方法有哪些

托福写作中的经典词汇

高考英语手记倒装句语法

高考英语的知识点总结

盘点的关键词

过去分词高考考点透析
《过去分词高考考点透析.doc》
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