带to不定式和too...to不定式的语法讲解（通用6篇）由网友“Closed”投稿提供，以下是小编精心整理的带to不定式和too...to不定式的语法讲解，供大家阅读参考。
篇1：带to不定式和too...to不定式的语法讲解
好多同学都觉得英语语法难，问他们，又说不出哪里难，也许是因为不大清楚英语语法讲的是什么道理。
“法”是法则，语言构成有好多条法则，我们能够遵循这些法则，就必须知道这些法则，它就像我们买东西附带的使用说明书一样。
比如说感官动词后面要加不带to的不定式，使役动词后面也要加不带to的不定式。我们不知道为什么要这样，只好背下来。所以我们会认为英语语法蛮不讲理，于是认为它很难学?
可实际情况是这样的吗?nope, 恰恰相反，语法非常讲理，只不过你不知道，可能也没有人曾这样告诉过你。
还是说上面的问题，为什么这些动词要用不带to的不定式?
答案很简单：看这个动作是不是主语发生的，是主语发生的用带to的不定式，反之则相反。例如：
I saw him dance.
dance这个动作不是主语 I 发生的，所以用不带to的不定式，注意：这个动作是宾语发生的。
The boss made them work the whole night.
work这个动作不是主语the boss发生的，所以用不带to的不定式。
如果把上面两句话变成被动语态的话，结果会怎么样?
He was seen to dance.
They were made to work the whole night.
为什么要用带to不定式?谁帮我解释一下。
是的，是的，变成被动语态之后，上面的动作变成了主语发生的动作，所以要用带to的不定式。
动词help后面既可加带to的不定式，也可加不带to的不定式，怎么解释?看例子：
We helped her (to) find her things.
因为find这个动作主语we也发生，宾语her也发生，于是就都可以。
注：以上例子是动词不定式作宾语补足语的情况。
现在还认为英语语法不讲道理吗?
再有stop doing sth. 和stop to do sth.
我当时学习的时候得到的解释是：一个是停下来正在做的事;另一个是停下来(正在做的事)去做另一件事。
这种解释是没问题的，可在句法上这两句话完全不是一回事，举个例子：
He stopped watching TV.
He stopped to watch TV.
第一句话中watching TV是动名词短语作宾语，是简单句五种基本句型中的主语+谓语+宾语句型。第二句话中to watch TV是动词不定式短语作(目的)状语，属于简单句五种基本句型中的主语+谓语句型。
篇2：语法-动词不定式
afford aim appear agree arrange ask be decide bother care choose come dare demand desire determine expect elect endeavor hope fail happen help hesitate learn long mean manage offer ought plan prepare pretend promise refuse seem tend wait wish undertake
举例：
the driver failed to see the other car in time.
司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
i happen to know the answer to your question.
我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。
2）动词+不定式 ； 动词+宾语+不定式
ask, beg, choose, expect , hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish…
i like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。
i like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。
i want to speak to tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。
i want you to speak to tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。
3） 动词+疑问词+ to
decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell
please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。
there are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that i can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。
注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。
the question is how to put it into practice.
问题是怎样把它付诸实施。
7.2 不定式作补语
1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)
advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn
例句：
a. father will not allow us to play on the street.
父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。
b. we believe him to be guilty.
我们相信他是有罪的。
find 的特殊用法：
find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。
i found him lying on the ground.
i found it important to learn.
i found that to learn english is important.
典型例题:
the next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.
a. lying b. lie c. lay d. laying
答案：a.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。
2) to + be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。
acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand
we consider tom to be one of the best students in our class.
我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。
典型例题
charles babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.
a. to invent b. inventing c. to have invented d. having invented
答案：a. 由consider to do sth. 排除b、d。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而c为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选c。
3) to be +形容词
seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…
the book is believed to be uninteresting.
人们认为这本书没什么意思。
4) there be+不定式
believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand
we didn't expect there to be so many people there.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。
注意 ： 有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider.
we regard tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。
mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
7.3 不定式主语
1） it's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better;
the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough
it's so nice to hear your voice.
听到你的声音真高兴。
it's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。
2) it's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。
kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:
it was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
it seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。
注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型
2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。
3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用it is… to…的句型
(对)to see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。
(错)it is to believe to see.
7.4 it's for sb.和 it's of sb.
1）for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：
it's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
it's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
for 与of 的辨别方法：
用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：
you are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。
he is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)
7.5 不定式作表语
不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：
my work is to clean the room every day.
his dream is to be a doctor.
7.6 不定式作定语
不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：
i have a lot of work to do.
so he made some candles to give light.
7.7 不定式作状语
1）目的状语
to… only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)
he ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
i come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。
2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。
what have i said to make you angry.
he searched the room only to find nothing.
3) 表原因
i'm glad to see you.
典型例题
the chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.
a. sit b. sit on c. be seat d. be sat on
答案：b. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于“形容词+动词不定式”结构的末尾。
7.8 用作介词的to
to 有两种用法： 一为不定式+动词原形； 一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：
admit to承认， confess to承认，
be accustomed to习惯于， be used to习惯于， stick to 坚持， turn to开始，着手于， devote oneself to 献身于， be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望， pay attention to 注意
7.9 省to 的动词不定式
1） 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：
2） 使役动词 let, have, make：
3） 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。
注意：在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。
i saw him dance.
=he was seen to dance.
the boss made them work the whole night.
=they were made to work the whole night.
4） would rather，had better：
5） why… / why not…：
6） help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth：
7） but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。
8） 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：
9） 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：
he is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。
举例：
he wants to move to france and marry the girl.
he wants to do nothing but go out.
比较： he wants to do nothing but go out.
he wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.
典型例题
1) ---- i usually go there by train.
---- why not ___ by boat for a change?
a. to try going b. trying to go c. to try and go d. try going
答案：d. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选d。
2） paul doesn't have to be made ___. he always works hard.
a. learn b. to learn c. learned d. learning
答案：b. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。
7.10 动词不定式的否定式
tell him not to shut the window…
she pretended not to see me when i passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。
典型例题
1）tell him ___ the window.
a. to shut not b. not to shut c. to not shut
d. not shut
答案：b。 tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth.
2) she pretended ___ me when i passed by.
a. not to see b. not seeing c. to not see
d. having not seen
答案：a。 pretend 后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。
3）mrs. smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.
a. never to drive b. to never driver
c. never driving d. never drive
答案：a。warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式为warn sb not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never.
4) the boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____.
a. not to b. not to do c. not do it
d. do not to
答案：a。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此b，d不对。
5) the patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.
a. to eat no b. eating not c. not to eat
d. not eating
答案：c。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为be warned not to do。
7.11 不定式的特殊句型too…to…
1）too…to 太…以至于…
he is too excited to speak.
他太激动了，说不出话来。
---- can i help you ? 需要我帮忙吗?
---- well, i'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。
2) 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为“不太”。
it's never too late to mend. (谚语)
改过不嫌晚。
3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常… 等于very。
i'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。
he was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。
7.12 不定式的特殊句型so as to
1） 表示目的；它的否定式是so as not to do。
tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job.
汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。
go in quietly so as not to wake the baby.
轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。
2) so kind as to ---劳驾
would you be so kind as to tell me the time?
劳驾，现在几点了。
7.13 不定式的特殊句型why not
“why not +动词原形”表达向某人提出建议，翻译为：“为什么不……?” “干吗不……?”
例如：
why not take a holiday?
干吗不去度假?
7.14 不定式的时态和语态
时态\语态 主动 被动
一般式to doto be done
进行式to be doing
完成式to have done to have been done
完成进行式 to have been doing
1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。
he seems to know this.
i hope to see you again. = i hope that i'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
2) 完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
i'm sorry to have given you so much trouble.
he seems to have caught a cold.
3) 进行时： 表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
he seems to be eating something.
4) 完成进行时：
she is known to have been wreaking on the problem for many years.
7.15 动名词与不定式
1） 动名词与不定式的区别：
动名词表达的是： 状态，性质，心境，抽象，经常性，已发生的
不定式表达的是： 目的，结果，原因，具体，一次性，将发生的
2） 接不定式或动名词，意义相同。
3） 动名词与不定式语义不同的有11 组：
1 stop to do stop doing
2 forget to do forget doing
3 remember to do remember doing
4 regret to do regret doing
5 cease to do cease doing
6 try to dotry doing
7 go on to do go on doing
8 afraid to do afraid doing
9 interested to do interested doing
10 mean to domean doing
11 begin/ start to do begin/ start doing
篇3：语法讲座之不定式
基本概念
1.不定式的构成
不定式是由不定式符号to+动词原形构成，在某些情况下to也可省略。
不定式一般有时式和语态的变化，通常有下表中的几种形式（以do为例）：
主动式 被动式
一般式 to do to be done
完成式 to have done to have been done
进行式 to be doing /
完成进行式 to have been doing /
1)不定式的一般式
不定式的一般式所表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。如：
They invited us to go there this summer. 他们邀请我们今年夏天去那儿。
He stood aside for me to pass. 他站到一边让我通过。
2)不定式的完成式
不定式的完成式所表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，它在句中可作表语、状语、宾语，有时也可作主语、定语等。如：
She seemed to have heard about this matter. 她似乎已听说过这件事。
I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long. 我很抱歉让你等了这么久。
I meant to have told you about it, but I happened to have an important thing to do.
我本来想告诉你这件事的，但我碰巧有一件重要的事要做。
It has been an honor for me to have traveled so much in your country.
对我来说，在你们国家旅行这么多地方是一件很荣幸的事情。
3)不定式的进行式
不定式的进行式表示正在进行的与谓语动词同时发生的动作。它在句中可以用作除谓语以外的所有成分。如：
Its nice of you to be helping us these days. 你真好，这些天一直帮我们。
He pretended to be listening to the teacher carefully. 他假装在认真地听老师讲课。
We didnt expect you to be waiting for us here. 我们没料到你一直在这儿等我们。
4)不定式的完成进行式
如果不定式表示的动作是谓语所表示时间之前一直进行的动作，就需要用完成进行式。如：
They are said to have been working in Tibet for 20 years. 据说他们已经在西藏工作了。
We are happy to have been helping each other these days.我们很高兴这些天能互相帮助。
5)动词不定式的否定形式是由not或never加不定式构成。如：
Try not to be late again next time. 尽量下次不要再迟到。
He wished us never to meet her again. 他希望我们永远不要再见到她。
6)疑问词+动词不定式：
不定式和疑问词whether, what, which, whom, where, when, how, why等连用可以在句中起名词的作用，通常跟在tell, know, show, decide, learn, wonder, explain, advise, teach, discuss, find out等动词后面作宾语，有时也可以充当主语、表语等。如：
On hearing the news, he didnt know whether to laugh or to cry.
听到这个消息，他不知道该哭还是该笑。
When to hold the meeting has not decided. 什么时候开会还没有决定。
The most important problem is how to get so much money.
最重要的事情是如何搞到这么多钱。
介词后一般不直接接不定式，但可以接疑问词+不定式短语作宾语。如：
Mary gave some advice on how to learn English. 玛丽提了一些如何学习英语的建议。
I have no idea of how to do it. 我不知道该怎么做。
7)不定式的被动式：
当不定式逻辑上的主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时，不定式一般要用被动形式，to be +过去分词和to have been +过去分词。这些形式可以用来作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、补语。如：
Its a good thing for him to have been scolded by the teacher. 对他来说，被老师责备是一件好事。
They seemed to be satisfied with the result. 他们似乎对结果很满意。
He asked to be sent to work in the countryside. 他要求被派往农村工作。
She was the last person to have been mentioned at the meeting.
她是会上最后一个被提到的人。
I had to shout to be heard. 我不得不大喊才能被听到。
We dont like our friends to be laughed at from time to time.我们不喜欢我们的朋友不时地被嘲笑。
2.不定式的语法作用
1)不定式作主语：
To see once is better than to hear a hundred times. 百闻不如一见。
To master a foreign language is not an easy thing. 掌握一门外语不是一件容易的事。
在很多情况下，人们通常用it作为形式上的主语，而把不定式短语移到谓语之后，使句子显得平稳一些。如：
Its good manners to wait in line. 排队等候是很有礼貌的。
It made us very angry to hear him speak to his mother like that. 听到他那样跟他妈妈说话我们很生气。
2)不定式作表语：
The most important thing is to put theory into practice. 最重要的事情是把理论付诸实践。
The greatest happiness is to work for the happiness of all. 最大的幸福就是为大家的幸福而工作。
3)不定式作宾语：
He wanted to know the truth. 他想知道真相。
I prefer to be starved to death rather than beg. 我宁愿被饿死也不愿乞讨。
He pretended to have read the book when I asked him about it.
我问到他的时候，他假装读过这本书。
另外，不定式在某些复合宾语中作宾语时，人们常常用it代表不定式，而将真实宾语放在补足语之后。如：
Do you think it better to translate it in this way? 你认为这样翻译是不是更好？
I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.
我觉得被邀请在会上面对这么多学生发言是一件很光荣的事情。
4)不定式作补语：
①不定式可以和名词或代词一起构成复合结构作动词的宾语，这时不定式被称为宾语补足语。如：
I would like you to help me with my English exercises.我想请你帮我做英语练习。
I never expected the shoes to be worn out so soon.我从来没想到鞋子这么快就穿破了。
注意：动词help后面接不定式作宾语或宾语补足语可以带to也可以不带to。如：
Who can help me (to) carry this heavy box? 谁能帮我拎这个重箱子？
②在make, let, have等使役动词和see, watch, notice, hear, feel等感官动词后的复合宾语中，动词不定式不带to。
I often hear her sing in the next room. 我经常听到她在隔壁唱歌。
They make the baby go to bed at 7:00 p.m. every day.他们每天让孩子晚上7：00上床睡觉。
注意：get, leave等词也有“让”“叫”的意思，和使役动词意思相近，但它们后面的不定式作宾语补足语必须要有to。如：
Ill get him to try it again.我将让他再试一次。
How could you leave him to have supper with a stranger? 你怎么让他跟一个陌生人一起吃晚饭？
注意：当使役动词和感官动词变为被动语态时，不定式就成了主语补语，作主语补语的不定式必须加to。如：
Though he had often made his little sister cry, today he was made to cry by his little sister. 尽管他经常弄哭他的小妹妹，但今天他却被他的小妹妹弄哭了。
He is often heard to sing the song. 经常有人听到他唱这首歌。
③think, consider, believe, declare, suppose, find, imagine, know, understand, take, prove, feel等动词后面接的不定式短语作补语多由to be+形容词或名词构成，think, consider, find后的to be常可省略。如：
When he woke up, she found herself (to be ) badly injured.她醒来的时候，发现自己受了重伤。
I thought her (to be) nice and honest the first time I met her.我第一次见到她的时候就认为她人很好，很诚实。
含有此类复合宾语的句子变成被动语态时，不定式同样被称之为主语补足语。如：
The young man was considered to have great promise.这个年轻人被认为大有前途。
The situation was found to be quite encouraging.形势看来很使人鼓舞。
④以be said, be reported, be known, seem, happen, prove, appear等构成谓语的句子中，动词不定式通常也可看作主语补语。如：
More than 20 people were reported to have been killed in the accident.
据报道，有20多个人死于事故。
I happened to be talking with him when he was hit by a car. 他被汽车撞的时候，我碰巧在和他谈话。
5)不定式作定语：
不定式在句中作定语通常放在其所修饰的名词或代词之后，以下几种情况常用不定式作定语：
①能带不定式作宾语的动词，其同源名词可以带不定式作定语，常见的有attempt, decision, promise, plan, intention, failure, wish, determination等。如：
He hasnt kept his promise to write to his parents regularly.他没有遵守诺言定期给他父母亲写信。
My wish to be a teacher is quite understandable. 我想成为一个教师的愿望是可以理解的。
②常与不定式搭配的形容词，其同源名词一般可以带不定式作定语，常见的有ability, anxiety, eagerness, ambition等。如：
His eagerness to finish his work in time was quite obvious.他急切地想准时完成工作是很明显的。
We admire his ability to speak a foreign language so well.
我们欣赏他能把一门外语说得这么好。
③序数词、形容词最高级或被only, last, next等词修饰的名词可以用不定式作定语。如：
He is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.他总是第一个来最后一个离开。
The next person to attend the meeting is Dr. Baker.下一个出席会议的人是贝克先生。
④还有一些名词经常带不定式作定语。如：person, man, thing, something, anything, nothing, time, way, reason, chance, courage, opportunity等。如：
We students should have the courage to face any difficulty.
我们学生应该有勇气面对任何困难。
He had no reason to leave his friends and live alone on the island.
他没有理由离开他的朋友独自住到岛上去。
⑤不定式作定语时，有时与被修饰的名词之间有意义上的动宾关系，如果该不定式动词是不及物动词，它后面需加上适当的介词。如：
There is nothing to worry about.没什么可担心的。
There are many interesting books to choose from, but I dont know which to borrow. 有很多有趣的书可以挑选，但我不知道该借哪一本。
6) 不定式作状语：
不定式作状语可以表示行为的目的、结果、原因、条件等。
① 不定式作目的状语，有时也可以用in order (not) to, so as (not) to结构。如：
In order to protect the young plants from the sun, Mother put them in the shade.
为了保护幼苗不被太阳晒坏，妈妈把它们放到了阴凉处。
He got up very early this morning so as not to be late for school again.
今天早上他起身很早以免上学再迟到。
注意：so as (not) to do不可以置于句首。
②不定式作结果状语，常见的结构有too…to, enough…to, so…as to, such…as to, only to…等。如：
The question is too difficult for me to answer. 对我来说，这个问题很难回答。
He said he was clever enough to deal with it by himself.他说他足够聪明可以独自应付这件事。
Will you be so kind as to turn down the radio? 请你帮我把收音机调低一点好吗？
He woke up only to find himself in hospital. 他醒来发现自己在医院里。
注意：too…to通常表示太……而不……，但在下列句子中没有否定的意思。
She is only too glad to stay at home. 她太想留在家里了。
He is too anxious to know the examination results. 他很急切地想知道考试结果。
③不定式作原因状语，通常用来修饰表示情感、心理状态、性格等的形容词。常见的形容词有：happy, glad, lucky, fortunate, surprised, angry, anxious, ready, quick, slow, cruel, clever, frightened, shocked, sorry, eager, proud, disappointed, foolish, impatient, unwise, naughty等。如：
They are surprised to learn of his death. 得知他死亡的消息，他们很惊讶。
We are proud to be young people of new China. 成为新中国的青年，我们感到很骄傲。
另外，hard, difficult, easy, fit，comfortable等词也可以接动词不定式。这时候，作句子主语的除了是表示人的词外，还可以是表示物的词。如：
The water is not fit to drink. 这水不适合饮用。
The room is very comfortable to live in. 这个房间住起来很舒服。
注意：后两句中的不定式与句子的主语或宾语之间是动宾关系，此时如果不定式动词是不及物动词，则需要带上适当的介词。
3.不定式的复合结构
1)不定式复合结构的构成
不定式在使用时通常有自己的逻辑主语，一般可以是句子的主语或宾语，或者由物主代词暗示出来。如：
They plan to build a hotel. 他们计划建造一个酒店。
His father sent him abroad to study literature. 他父亲送他出国去学文学。
I could see her eagerness to go abroad. 我可以看出他急切地想出国。
但有时需要明确表示出不定式的逻辑主语（即不定式动作的执行者），此时一般用for/of +名词（代词）短语+不定式来构成不定式的复合结构。如：
Its expensive for people to use electricity for cooking.人们用电做饭是很昂贵的。
Its careless of you to make such a mistake. 你犯这样的错误真是粗心。
2)不定式复合结构的语法作用
不定式的复合结构在句中可以做主语、宾语、表语、状语、定语。
①不定式的复合结构作主语、宾语，通常用it 作形式主语或形式宾语来代替不定式的复合结构。如：
Its necessary for the goods to be packed in strong cases. 货物很有必要用坚固的箱子打包。
They thought it impossible for us to find the lost child in the darkness.他们认为我们要在黑暗中找到迷路的小孩是不可能的。
②不定式的复合结构作表语、状语、定语。如：
Thats for you to decide. 那个由你来决定。
For the test to be passed, the students should work harder than before.为了能通过考试，学生们应该比以往更认真学习。
I have some books for you to read.我有几本书送给你读。
重点疑难
1.不定式不带to的规则：
前面我们已经谈到，在一些使役动词和感官动词后的不定式作宾语补语时，不定式符号to常常省略，下面还有几种情况请大家注意：
① 动词原形come, go等在口语中可接不带to的不定式。如：
Go tell her. 去告诉他。
Come have a glass. 来喝一杯。
②在why引起的一些疑问句中，疑问词直接跟动词原形或not+动词原形。如：
Why spend so much money? 为什么花这么多钱？
Why not let her have a try? 为什么不再让她试一试？
③在had better（还是……最好）, had best（最好，顶好）, would rather（宁可，宁愿）, would rather…than（宁可……而不……）, would sooner（宁可，宁愿）, would sooner…than（宁可……而不……）, cannot but（不得不，必然）, cannot choose but（只得）, cannot help but（不得不）等结构后直接跟动词原形或not +动词原形。如：
Youd better listen to your teachers opinion. 你最好听一听老师的看法。
I would rather work than stay idle. 我宁愿工作而不愿闲坐。
Rather than ride on a crowded bus, he always prefers to ride a bicycle.他宁愿挤公共汽车也不愿骑自行车。
Liu Hulan would sooner die than surrender.刘胡兰宁死不屈。
Ones world outlook cannot but come through in what one says and does.
一个人的世界观必然在他的言行中表现出来。
④在介词but, except之前如有动词do的任一形式，其后的动词不定式不用to。如：
Last evening I did nothing but repair my farm tools. 昨晚上我除了修理农具外，没有做其它的事情。
Now there was nothing he could do except admit defeat.现在他只有认输。
如but 之前没有do，其后的不定式则一般要加to。如：
Im afraid we have no choice but to take a taxi.恐怕我们别无选择，只好乘出租车了。
They desired nothing but to succeed.他们只想成功。
⑤在出现并列的动词不定式时，为了避免重复，后面的不定式符号to可省略。如：
I really dont know what to say and do. 我真的不知道该说什么，该干什么。
Can you help me to call him and ask him to attend the meeting at 2:00 p.m.?你能不能帮我打电话给他，叫他下午两点来开会？
但如果两个不定式有对比的意思，则不定式符号to不可被省去。如：
I came not to scold you but to praise you. 我是来夸你的，不是来骂你的。
The purpose of the new technology is to make life easier, not to make it more difficult.新技术的目的是为了使生活更容易，而不是使生活更艰难。
2.动词不定式的省略问题：
上文中出现了某一动词或动词短语，下文中再遇到此动词的不定式结构时，往往要省略动词不定式，但通常省略动词原形或短语而保留不定式符号to，一般有下面几种情况：
①含有助动词或情态动词如be going to, used to, have to, ought to, be able to, be about to等+动词原形结构时：
---Do you think I ought to go to see my doctor? 你认为我应该去看医生吗？
---Yes, I think you ought to. 是的，我想你应该去。
She must go but you dont have to. 她必须走，但你没有必要。
②含有动词want, decide, like, love, hope, wish, mean, refuse, try等+不定式作宾语结构时：
---Did you go to see the Great Wall? 你去看长城了吗？
---I wanted to, but I was too busy. 我本来想去的，但我太忙了。
You may go with them if you hope to. 如果你希望的话，你可以和他们一起去。
③含有动词如ask, tell, order, advise, persuade, warn, wish, permit, allow, forbid等+不定式做宾语补语或主语补语时：
Dont do anything unless your father tells you to. 除非你父亲叫你去做，不然不要做任何事情。
---May I use your car? 我可以用你的汽车吗？
---No, I forbid you to. 不，我禁止你使用。
④对话的答语中含有形容词如happy, glad, eager, anxious, willing, ready, pleased, afraid等+不定式作表语结构时：
---Will you lend me a hand? 你能帮我一个忙吗？
---Im willing to, but I cant now. 我很愿意，但我现在不行。
---Would you please come to my birthday party tomorrow? 明天下午来参加我的生日聚会好吗？
---Ill be glad to. 我很乐意。
3.不定式主动语态和被动语态的区别：
动词不定式在句中究竟用主动还是被动，有时比较复杂。主要有下面几种情况：
①不定式所修饰的名词或代词和不定式逻辑上构成主谓关系时，不定式往往用主动形式。如：
Have you got a key to unlock the door? 你有开门的钥匙吗？
②不定式做后置定语，和被修饰名词或代词构成逻辑上的动宾关系，又和该句主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动形式，不定式为不及物动词时，其后应加相应的介词。如：
Do you have anything to say on this question? 针对这个问题你还有什么要说的吗？
He is a pleasant person to work with. 他是一个合作愉快的人。
③不定式作表语形容词的状语，和句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系时，不定式多用主动形式，不定式为不及物动词时要加相应的介词。如：
The fish is delicious to eat. 这鱼很好吃。
The chair is comfortable to sit on. 这把椅子坐起来很舒服。
④在There be结构中，当说话人考虑的是必须有人去完成某件事时，不定式用主动形式；如果说话人强调的是事情本身必须完成，则用被动形式。如：
There is nothing to worry about. 没什么可担心的。
There is a lot of work to do. 有许多事情要做。（表示某人必须做这工作）
注意下面两个句子的含义：
There is a lot of work to be done. （强调有许多事情必须做。）
There is nothing to be done. （强调出了某事，现在没办法解决。）
4.for somebody to do和of somebody to do的用法区别：
句型“It is +形容词+for somebody+不定式”中的形容词通常强调不定式的行为属性，如：important, possible, impossible, necessary, difficult, hard, reasonable等。
Its difficult for us to finish the work within two hours. 我们要在两小时之内完成工作是很难的。
Its reasonable for them to run away so quickly. 他们这么快就逃跑了是很有道理的。
“It is +形容词+of somebody+不定式”中的形容词表示人物性格和特征。如：kind, silly, good, unwise, clever, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, rude, impolite, bold, thoughtful, honest, bad, sensible, naughty等。
Its kind of you to think so much of us. 难为你这么为我们着想。
Its silly of the boy to keep pouring water into the basket 这个男孩真傻，一直往篮子里倒水。
5.高中阶段能接不定式的常见动词：
能接不定式作宾语的常见动词有：want（想要）, like（喜欢）, wish（希望）, hate（憎恨，讨厌）, prefer（宁愿）, hope（希望）, fail（失败）, plan（计划）, refuse（拒绝）, ask（要求）,continue（继续），manage（设法）, try（尽力）, offer（提供）, start（开始）, begin（开始）, forget（忘记）, remember（记得）, promise（答应）, mean（打算）, pretend（假装）, intend（想，打算）, attempt（尝试，企图）, decide（决定）, learn（学会）, desire（渴望，请求）, agree（同意）, care（关心，喜欢）, choose（选择）, determine（下决心）, expect（期望）, afford（负担得起，买得起）等。
能接不定式做补语的常见的动词有：感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等；使役动词make, let, have 等；还有一般的动词如advise（建议）, allow（允许）, ask, beg（乞求）, command（命令，指挥）, tell（告诉）, invite（邀请）, force（强迫）, oblige（强迫）, get（致使）, help（帮助）, wish, want, like, hate, prefer, intend, expect, encourage（鼓励）, persuade（说服）, permit（允许，许可）, remind（使想起，提醒）, request（请求，要求）, order（命令）, warn（警告，提醒）, cause（引起）等。
6.高中阶段常见的不定式短语：
高中阶段常见的一些不定式短语可以作谓语，如：be able to do（能，会）, be about to do（即将做……）, used to do（过去常常……）, be glad to do（乐意做……）, would like to do（想要做……）,be likely to do（很可能做……）, go all out to do something全力以赴,be supposed to do应该等。
高中阶段还有一些不定式短语可以作状语修饰整个句子，也可以称它们为插入语。如：to tell you the truth（说老实话），to be frank（坦率地说）, to begin with（首先）, to be brief（简言之）, to make a long story short（长话短说）, to be exact（精确地说）, to say nothing of（姑且不说），to conclude（总而言之）, to be sure（诚然、固然）， to do him justice（说句对他公道的话）,so to speak（可以这么说、打个譬喻说）等。
To tell you the truth, I hate him. 说老实话，我恨他。
To be frank, I dont agree with what you said. 坦率地说，我不同意你说的话。
专项练习
Ⅰ. 选择填空：
1. Ive heard him ______ about you often.
A. speak B. speaks C. spoke D. speaking
2. I went to see him, _______ him out.
A. finding B. find C. only to find D. to finding
3. He didnt know _______ or stay.
A. to leave B. if that he should leave C. if to leave D. whether to leave
4. ---Will the Smiths go abroad this summer?
---No, they finally decided _______ .
A. to B. not going C. not to D. not to be going
5. ---I usually go there by train. ---Why not _______ by boat for a change.
A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going
6. He pretended _______ nothing about it.
A. know B. to know C. knowing D. knew
7. Little Jim should love _______ to the theatre this evening.
A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking
8. They would not allow him _______ across the enemy line.
A. to risk going B. risking to going C. for risk to go D. risk going
9. There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I cant make up my mind _______ to buy.
A. what B. which C. how D. where
10. Charles Babbage is generally considered _______ the first computer.
A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented
11. The missing boys were last seen _______ near the river.
A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play
12. The patient was warned _______ oily food after the operation.
A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating
13. I regret _______ you that we are unable to offer you employment.
A. informing B. having informed C. to inform D. to informing
14. You had better get a doctor _______ your bad tooth.
A. pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out
15. The matter had better _______ as it is.
A. leave B. being left C. leaving D. be left
16.He was so foolish _______ his car unlocked.
A. to leave B. that leave C. as to leave D. for him to leave
17. Almost everyone fails _______ the driving test on the first try.
A. passing B. to have passed C. to pass D. in passing
18. The girl was made _______ she didnt love at all.
A. marry a man B. to marry a man C. to marry with a man D. married with a man
19. The man will use what he has _______ a camera for his wife.
A. to get B. got C. buy D bought
20. To answer correctly is more important than _______ .
A. a quick finish B. to finish quickly C. finishing quickly D. you finish quick
21. Tom kept quiet about the accident _______ lose his job.
A. so as not to B. so not as to C. so as to not D. not so as to
22. I felt it an honor _______ to speak here.
A. to ask B. asking C. to be asked D. having asked
23. ---Id like to buy an expensive camera.
---Well, we have several models _______ .
A. to choose from B. to choose C. to be chosen D. for choice
24. _______ to the left and youll see the post office.
A. To turn B. Turning C. Turned D. Turn
25. Will you be able to attend the lecture next week?
A. giving B. given C. to be given D. being given
Ⅱ. 句子改错：
1. I dont know if to help him or not.
2. She cant help cleaning the house because shes busy making a cake.
3. We all hope you to make rapid progress.
4. The results of the research are to publish soon.
5. It is too heavy for me to lift it.
6. Its awfully good for you to come and meet us.
7. These are very good books for your children to be read.
8. He did what he could help me with my physics.
9. Lets find a place to put the things.
10. It would be easier to climb over the mountain than going round the valley.
I. 选择填空：
1---5 A C D C D 6---10 B A A B C
11---15 A C C B D 16---20 C C B A B
21---25 A C A D C
II.句子改错：
1.if →whether 2.cleaning →to clean 3.hope →wish
4.publish →be published 5.lift it →lift 6.for →of
7.be read →read 8.help →to help 9.things →things in
10.going →to go
篇4：语法重点之三：动词不定式
不定式在句子中可做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语和宾语补语。
1)不定式做主语一般表示具体的某次动作。例如：
to complete the 30storied building in one year was quite a difficult task.
to do that implies taking responsibility.
当主语较长，谓语较短时，常用it做形式主语，而将不定式放到谓语的后面。例如：
it is important for modern young people to master at least two foreign languages.
it做形式主语，不定式放在谓语动词之后常用于下列结构中：
a) it is＋形容词(easy, important, difficult, foolish, inconvenient, unnecessary, right, wrong...)＋( for/of sb.)＋不定式
it is essential to reserve a table in advance of christmas eve.
it is hard to put my hopessintoswords.
it is not easy to catch fish with your hands only.
it is important for us young people to learn english and master it.
b) it is＋名词(a pleasure, a pity, a pleasant thing, one’s duty, an honor, a shame, a crime, no easy job...)＋不定式
it is a sheer waste of time to read that kind of trash.
it is a pity to have to go without her.
it is a glorious death to die for the people.
c) it takes (sb.) some time (hours, months, days, a lot of time, patience...)＋不定式
it takes me three hours to learn english each day.
it took them half the night to get home in the snow.
2)不定式作表语不定式作表语常表示将来的动作，主语常常是表示意向、打算、计划的词，如wish, idea, task, purpose, duty, job等。
the most important thing for one’s health is to have plenty of exercise.
my chief purpose has been to point out the difficulties of the matter.
the purpose of the organization is to greet all new comers to the city and to provide them with any necessary information.
what i wanted was to get the work done as quickly as possible.
3)不定式作宾语不定式常在下列动词后面作宾语： afford, agree, apply, arrange, ask, attempt, beg, begin, care, choose, claim, consent, demand, decide, desire, determine, expect, fail, hope, hesitate, hate, intend, learn, like, manage, mean, neglect, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, resolve, seek, tend, threaten, want等。
i like to go out for walks in the warm sunshine in spring.
my mother hates to move from place to place, for she feels tired.i decide to work hard and get doctor’s degree.
the room is designed to be my study, but now it has to be used as a bedroom for the children.
she failed to finish the assignment in time, and she was worried about it.
4)常见的可以接这种不定式短语的动词有：know, see, decide, tell,ask, consider, discover, explain, findout, forget, guess, hear, imagine, inquire, learn, observe, perceive, remember, think, understand, wonder等。
i couldn’t decide which book to choose.
i can tell youswheresto get this book.
they found it hard to decide whether to go swimming next sunday or to visit aunt sally in new year.
“wh-word+不定式”结构除了作宾语外，还可以在句中作主语或者表语。
when to start the program remains undecided. the question is how to put the plansintospractice.
5)不定式作状语
a)不定式作状语表示目的。或用于so as和in order之后，来强调这种目的。
to learn a foreign language well, you must make painstaking efforts.
mother saved every cent she could spare to pay for my schooling.
we must develop science and technology at high speed so as to raise scientific and cultural level of our country.
insgroupsto get a high mark in band 4, he did a lot of exercises both in grammar and reading comprehension.
b)不定式表示结果，特别是在so...as to, such...as to, only to...以及too...to等结构中的不定式表示结果。
i rushed to the station as fast as i could, only to find the train already gone.
she left her hometown with her beloved man, never to return.no one is too old to learn.
would you be so kind as to carry the luggage for me?
c)不定式常用来修饰形容词，构成下列词组：be able to, be afraid to, be apt to, be bound to, be certain to, be easy to, be eager to, be fit to, be likely to, be ready to, be sure to, be unable to, be unwilling to, be willing to等。
chinese team is bound to win the world cup.
it is likely to rain today, for it is very cloudy.
i am willing to help you with your homework, for we are friends.
6)不定式作宾语补语不定式常跟在下列动词之后作宾语补语：ask, advise, allow, beg, cause, compel, command, enable, encourage, expect, feel, force, find, hear, have, inform, invite, let, make, mean, notice, order, permit, persuade, remind, require, request, teach, tell, urge, watch, warn, watch等。
because of the complexity of the modern equipments, most offices require secretaries to have specified training.
he asked you to call him at ten o’clock.
the note reminds me to be careful whatever i do.
i’d never allow my children to behave like that.
当不定式在let, make, have, hear, look at, listen to, feel, observe, watch, notice, perceive(感觉到)等动词后面作宾语补语时，不定式不带to.
whenever something is wrong with you, please do let me know.
i will have the students write a passage about internet.
i saw my mother shed tears at the news that the neighbor girl got seriously hurt in a car accident.
it seemed so long before he heard the stone hit the water.
7)不定式作主补带有宾语及宾语补足语结构的动词变为被动语态时，原来的宾语变为主语，宾补则变为主补。加主补的动词主要有：assume, believe, know, report, say, suppose等。
mr. brown is said to have left for italy last week.(it is said that mr. brown left for italy last week.)
persons have been said to climb on roofs, solve mathematical problems, compose music, walk through windows and commit murder in their sleep.
he is reported to have won the 100meter running race in the olympic games.
8)不定式作定语
a)不定式作定语通常要放在其所修饰的名词或代词之后。
不定式常作下列的名词定语：attempt, ability, anything, chance, desire, determination, decision, effort, failure, intention, need, opportunity, plan, promise, pressure, right, tendency, time, way等。
his efforts to carry out the plan were successful.i have no intention to go to the cinema with you.
there is no need to bother him with such trifles.
there is a tendency to writer quite long sentences in commercial correspondence.
b)由only, last, next,序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式作定语。
mr. zhang is always the first man to arrive at the office and the last man to leave.i don’t think he is the best one to do the work.
9)不带to的不定式在下列词组后面的不定式不带to：would rather ...than(宁愿……也不), had better...(最好)，can’t help but...(不得不), had rather...(宁愿)，cannot but...(不得不，必然)，may/might as well...(不妨)，let alone(更不用说)。
you’d better return the books to the library on time. otherwise, you will be fined.
i can’t help but wish that nothing would go wrong.
they had never seen such delicious food, let alone eat it.
篇5：人教版高二不定式语法教案
Unit 1 Grammar----The Infinitive (1)
Content: the Infinitive used as object and object complement.
Teaching aims:
1. Review the Infinitive used as object and object complement.
2 .Ss are able to understand the meaning and the function of
the Infinitive.
3. Ss can use the grammar to express their ideas in communication.
Aid: multiple-media , paper .
Procedures:
Step 1: Lead in: Help the students to us the infinitive to communicative .
Situation:
National day is coming .
What do you want to do during the National Day ?
1. Ask the students to brainstorm on their plans for the National Day by the structure of infinitive.
2. Ask the students to make sentences by using the given picture.(We plan to climb the mountains.
We plan to go fishing .
We plan to go camping .
We plan to swim. )
Step2: Help the students to recognize the functions of the infinitive by reading the story and underlining the structure.
《The tiger and the mouse》
A tiger and a mouse were walking in a field when they saw a big lump of cheese lying on the ground. The mouse wanted to eat the cheese itself ,so he said, “Please , tiger, let me have it. You don't even like cheese. Be kind and find something else to eat.” But the tiger put his paw on the cheese and said: “It's mine! And if you don't go , I'll eat you too.” The mouse was very sad and went away.
The tiger tried to swallow all of the cheese at once but it got stuck in his throat and whatever he tried to do he could not move it. First,he wanted the dog to help him, but the dog failed to do it .He suggested that the mouse should help him . So the tiger went to ask for the mouse's help . “Open your mouth and let me jump in. I'll nibble at the cheese until it is small enough to eat” The tiger opened his mouth, the mouse jumped in and began nibbling at the cheese. The tiger thought: “I really am very hungry…”
Step3.Ask the students to explain the infinitive of structures.
Step 4. Learn to use the Infinitive used as object.
A. Brain storm on verbs ( verb+ to do).
1. Show the students more verbs.
afford agree ask be decide come dare demand desire determine expect hope fail happen help learn mean manage offer plan pretend promise refuse wish forget, remember
2. Practise the infinitive by using the given pictures, Ask the students to make some sentences with the infinitive.
Eg1:The driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。
Eg2.It is raining hard ,Jack is holding a newspaper over his head . He forget to take an umbrella.
B. Brainstorm on some verbs which follow “how to do; what to do …”as an objects.
动词+what(when, where ,how )+ to do
1.Show the students some verbs followed by how to do (What to do ) as an object.
decide, know, forget, learn, understand,
wonder, find out, explain,
2.Practisethe structure, Ask the students to make some sentences according to the pictures.
Eg1. The teacher is showing the student how to use the recorder.
Eg2. The man doesn't know where to go .
3.Ask the students to make their sentences orally in class.
Step5. The Infinitive used as object complement.
(Verb+ object +to do)
1.Brain storm on verbs( verb+ object+ to do).
2. Show the students some more verbs.
ask, beg, choose, expect , want, tell, order, show, …
3.help the students to tell the different meaning between an object and an object complement .
Eg1. The manager wants to speak to Tom and say,
“我想和汤姆谈话。”
Q: Who will speak to Tom ?
The manager.
The manager wants his secretary to speak to Tom.
我想让你和汤姆谈话。
Q: Who will speak to Tom ?
His secretary.
Eg2:In the circus, the trainer taught the dog to stand, to sit, and to bark on command.
4.Practise the function by completing the sentences .
1).We planned to climb the mountain, my little sister begged to go with us .(我们计划爬山，我的小妹妹求跟我们一起去。)
2) Tom begged me to play the computer games with him .
（汤姆求我跟他一起完电脑游戏。）
3) The worker happened to know the place where we wanted to go ,We wanted him to be us to be our guide .
（那个工人碰巧去过我们想要去的地方，我们想让他当我们的导游）
4)My father promised to buy a new bike for me .
（我爸爸答应给我买一辆新自行车）
5）He expected to be forgiven .（他期待着他人的谅解）
6）What do you expect me to say ?(你要我说什呢？)
Step6.
1. Observe the sentences and get to understand the infinitive
without “to”.
1).Didn't you hear anyone say anything about it ?
2).What made you thing like that ?
3).When there were 3.2 seconds left in the basketball match ,I felt the atmosphere （气氛）grow tense .
2.Brainstorm more verbs. (动词+ do)
see, watch, notice, hear, do, make, let +do表示动作的完整性，真实性；+doing表示动作的连续性，进行性
3. Ask the Ss to make sentences by using the verbs in thebrackets.
Eg1.Every day we have to do a lot of home work .(make )
Teacher Li makes us do a lot of homework everyday .
Eg2. When I passed his room he was singing . (hear )
I heard him sing .
Eg3. When I was walking along the river, suddenly
a boy fell into the river, immediately a man jumped into the river and saved him . (see)
Step7:Ask the student to make up sentences with the verbs they have learned, pay attention to the infinitive.
Homework: Write down 10 sentences with the verbs they have learned .
Unit 1 Grammar----The Infinitive (2)
Content: the Infinitive used as attributive ,adverbial modifier,
and subject modifier .
Teaching aims:
1. Review the Infinitive used as attributive ,adverbial modifier, and subject modifier .
2 .Ss understand the meaning and function of the Infinitive.
3. Ss can use the grammar freely in communication.
Teaching Procedure :
Step1.
Lead in : Try to analyse the sentence, How is the Infinitive used.(P5 ,1)
Step 2:Practise the Infinitive used as attributive
1.Look at the picture and make up a sentence.
Eg1. After he finished college, he had a lot of jobs to choose.（他有许多工作可选）
Eg2.He is a Senior 3 students ,He has lots of homework to do .
（她有许多作业要做）
Eg3.The general manger wants his secretary to his office ,
he has something important to tell her .
（他有重要的事情要告诉他）
2.Ask the students to sum up the structure.
Noun (Pron.) to do
Step 3.Review the Infinitive used as an adverb.
1. Lead in.
Eg1.When do you get up every morning ?
At 5 o'clock .Why do you get up so early ?
In order to catch the first bus. (not to be late for class).
n order to, so as to, so(such)… as to… (如此……以便……)
Eg2. He ran so fast as to catch the first bus.
他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。
2. Used as a cause I'm glad to see you.
3.Ask the students to anylise the sentences and find out their functions.
1) He came to help me with my math .( 目的 )
2) They started early so as to catch the first bus . (目的 )
3) In order to serve the people well, I study hard . ( 目的 )
4) They ran over to welcome the champions . ( 目的 )
5) To hear him talk in that manner, you would think him a foreigner . ( 原因 )
6) We jumped with joy to hear the good news . ( 原因 )
4．Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning .
1) She raised her voice loud so that she might be heard .
(She raised her voice so as to be heard .)
(In order to be heard she raised her voice loud.)
(she raised her voice loud in order to be heard. )
( To be heard she raised her voice loud .)
(She raised her voice loud to be heard .)
Situation: Task :
You have watched the man basketball matches in the Olympic Games. Are you pleased with the result ?
Do you know what Yao Ming think of it ?
Why did he feel disappointed ?
2.Yao Ming felt very disappointed ,because he didn't reach his aim in the basketball match .
Yao Ming was very disappointed not to reach his aim in the basketball match .
Step 4.Ss try to understand the function of the Infinitive used as attribute . Ss try to change the sentences using the Infinitive.(p6,3)
Step 5.Practise the infinitive, to make some more sentences with the Infinitive.
Task: Situation:
A tourist is in hospital ,a policeman goes to ask for some information of the robbery.
“Why did you go to the city ?
What did you want to do ?
What did you do yesterday ?
What did you see ?
What did you do ?
What happened next ?”
1.I came here to spend （来度假）my holidays.
2. I want to watch （想看）the sun rising above the sea level.
3.I watched the sun rise （看日出）yesterday.
4.I saw the burglar stealing into the bank（看见盗贼进入银行） when I was watching the stars at night .
5.I chased(追赶)the burglar.
6.I felt my head bump against something(感到我头碰到什么东西)then I felt the earth shaking .
Homework: Finish writing the interview .
补充材料：
The Infinitive used as subject .
It's +adj.+ to do
1.Eg:It's easy (for me) to do that.我做这事太容易了
2.Brain storm on phrases( verb+ do).
3. Show the students more adj.
easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, not enough
It's so nice to hear your voice.听到你的声音真高兴。
It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it.
It's +adj.+of sb.to do
It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。
kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)
例句:You often offer some money to the begger .
It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。
It's very kind of you .
It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.
Summmary:
It's+adj for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，
It's very hard for him to study two languages.
对他来说学两门外语是很难的。 of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。
篇6：中学语法动词不定式练习
中学语法动词不定式专题练习
1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.>>A. producing B. to produce C. having produced D. produced >>
2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.>>
A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make >>
3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .>>
A .making herself hear B. to make herself hear>>
C. making herself heard D .to make herself heard >>
4. I don’t know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.>>
A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard >>
5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.>>
A .to tell B .to be told C .telling D .told >>
6. You were silly not _______your car.>>
A. to lock B. to have locked C. locking D. having locked >>
7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.>>
A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make>>
8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.>>
A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued>>
9. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.>>
A. to share B. to have shared C. share D. sharing>>
10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.>>
A. robbed B. to have been robbed>>
C. being robbed D. having been robbed>>
11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________in a fire.>>
A. being destroyed B. having been destroyed >>
C. to be destroyed D. to have been destroyed>>
12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.>>
A. to take place B. to be taken place >>
C. to have taken place D. being taken place>>
13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.>>
A. and finished B. to finish C. and finishing D. to finished>>
14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.>>
A. to have not B. to not have C. not to have D. not having >>
15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?>>
A. to be read B. for reading C. to read D. he read>>
16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.>>
A. wait, to come B. wait; come C. waiting; coming D. waited; came>>
17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.>>
A. to solve B. solving C. being solved D. to be solving>>
18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.>>
A. making B. to make C. to have made D. having made>>
19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.>>
A. hearing, saying, to repair B. to hear, say, to repair>>
C. hearing, say, repairing D. to hear, saying, to be repaired>>
20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.>>
--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.>>
A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing so>>
21. Robert is said to __________ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.>>
A. to have studied B. to study B. to be studying D. to have been studying>>
22. I’m gong to lace w:st=“on”>Xi’anlace>next week. Have you anything __________ to your parents?>>
A. to take B. to be taken C. to be bought to D. to buy>>
23. when are they __________ in their plan?>>
A. hand B. handed C. to hand D. give>>
24. In such dry weather, the flowers will have to be watered if they _____________.>>
A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survived D. will survive>>
25. When we hurried to the station, there happened ________ no bus at that time.>>
A. to have B. to be C. having D. being >>
26. I lost my way in complete darkness and, _________ matters worse, it began to rain.>>
A. made B. having made C. making D. to make>>
27. At ________ time does the salesgirl get up late in the morning, though she is always too busy _________ a good rest.>>
A. no, to take B. no, taking C. any, to take D. one, taking>>
28. --Are you a student?>>
--No, but I used _________.>>
A. to be B. to was C. to do D. to be a>>
29. I stopped to listen, and my son seemed _________ himself _________ in the living room.>>
A. to enjoy, to shut B. to be enjoying, shutting >>
C. to be enjoying, shut D. to have enjoyed, having shut>>
30. With a lot of difficult problems _________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.>>
A. settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled>>
31. We’re leaving at six o’clock, and hope _________ most of the journey by lunch time.>>
A. to do B. to have done C. to make D. to have made>>
32. The study of the wild world may help to make the world easier _________.>>
A. understood B. to be understood C. to understand D. understand>>
33. Who will you get __________
★ 高中英语语法教学
★ 高考英语语法讲义
★ 高中英语语法课件
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