定语从句句子翻译方法（整理11篇）由网友“熊哥亡命天涯”投稿提供，以下是小编收集整理的定语从句句子翻译方法，仅供参考，欢迎大家阅读。
篇1：定语从句句子翻译方法
定语从句句子翻译方法
1， 前置法
当从句结构和意义比较简单，不会对主句部分造成理解上的困难，此时可以前置法，把它翻译成“…的”的定语词组，并放在被修饰词的前面。将英语的复合句翻译成汉语的简单句。
Since our chief business with them is to enable them to share in a common life we can not help considering whether or not we are forming the powers which will secure this ability.
在这个句子中，关系代词指代前面的powers，这个简单的定语从句构成比较简单，只有几个单词构成，因此万学海文建议考生们在翻译的时候就要把它放在所修饰的先行词之前。参考译文：由于我们对年轻人所做的首要工作在于使他们能够在生活中相处地融洽，因此我们不禁要考虑自己是否在形成让他们获得这种能力的力量。
2，后置法
当从句结构较为复杂，意义较为繁琐，意思表达不清时，选择用后置法，此时把定语从句单独翻译成一个句子，放在原来它所修饰的词的后面，关系代词可以翻译为先行词，或者与先行词相对应的代词。
In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful; groups which bring together television, radio newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another.
本句中含有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，一个用that引导，对于which引导的定语从句，无论从结构和意义上来说，都比较复杂，所以在翻译的时候，万学海文提醒考生们可以把它和先行词拆开，单独翻译成一个句子。That引导一个比较简单的定语从句，可以采用上面提到的1的翻译方法—前置法，因为它的构成比较简单，只有几个单词构成，因此在翻译的'时候就要把它放在所修饰的先行词之前。这个句子是方法1和2的结合，我们不妨把它背诵下来。
参考译文：在欧洲，像在其他地方一样，传媒集团越来越成功，这些集团将相关的电视、广播、报纸、杂志和出版社结合起来。
3， 状译法
英语当中有一些定语从句，不仅只是起到一个定语的修饰作用，而且在逻辑上与主句有状语关系，用来解释原因、条件、结果、让步等。此时，我们尽量从意义上发现这些逻辑上的关系，然后翻译成汉语中相对应的逻辑关系，把定语从句翻译为状语从句。
There will be television chat shows hosted by robots, and cars with pollution monitors that will disable them when they offend.
Monitor后面跟的定语从句与when引导的状语从句隐含着一种结果关系，翻译的时候，一定要表现出来。
参考译文：届时，将会出现由机器人主持的谈话节目和装有污染监控器的汽车。一旦这些汽车排污超标，监控器就会使其停驶。
篇2：定语从句翻译句子
自由式定语从句
自由式定语从句是指一个句子中两个或两个以上不同成分带定语从句的情况。这种从句的先行词没有固定模式，在句中充当不同的句子成分，故该结构中的定语从句称为自由式定语从句。它们拆开来看，其实就是一个一个简单的定语从句，因此，其翻译也和简单的定语从句相同。
Examples:
Thus the Arab Umayyed Dynasty of caliphs, which had moved the capital from Medina to Damascus in 661, came to be regarded with much justification as a parasitic clique that had outlived its usefulness once the conquests were completed.
Chinese Translation No. 1:
人们开始理由充分地认为，阿拉伯麦伍德哈里发王朝阿拉伯伍麦叶里发王朝是征服战争完成后毫无作用的一个寄生集团；该王朝曾于661年从麦地那迁都大马士革。
Chinese Translation No. 2:
阿拉伯麦伍德王朝的统治者们征服了……，于661年将首都从麦地那迁往大马士革，但此后他们便成了不折不扣的寄生虫。
嵌套式定语从句
嵌套式定语从句是指一个句子中定语从句套定语从句的情况。这种结构中的定语从句其实和自由式定语从句基本相似，拆开来也是一个独立的`定语从句，只不过一个定语从句在另一个定语从句之中而已。
Examples:
Likewise in the east were the Seljuk Turks who had infiltrated from their Central Asian homeland into the Islamic Empire where they were employed as mercenaries by the Baghdad caliphs.
Chinese Translation No. 1:
同样，在东方是塞尔柱突厥人，他们从家乡中亚进入伊斯兰教帝国；在那里被巴格达哈里发雇为雇佣军。
Chinese Translation No. 2:
东边也是塞尔柱突厥人。他们从自己的家乡中亚地区来到伊斯兰教帝国，充当了巴格达哈里发的雇佣军。
并列式定语从句
并列式定语从句是并列成分中的定语从句的简称，指一个句子中两个或两个以上并列成分均带定语从句的情况。
Examples:
This was a defensive pact, designed to protect Germany against the French, who aspired to recover the alsace-Lorraine provinces lost in 1871, and also to protect Austria-hungary against the Russians, with whom they continually clashed in the Balkans.
这是一个防御性的盟约，旨在保护德国人免受法国人的攻击，保护奥匈帝国免受俄国人的攻击；因为法国人想收复1871年失去的阿尔萨斯-洛林地区，而俄国人则在巴尔干半岛同奥匈帝国接连不断地发生冲突。
一主二仆式定语从句
Examples:
The old ways of earning a living was rivaled by new agricultural techniques, by commerce with hitherto unknown parts of the globe, and by new crafts with strange machines that saved labor and that ran without the traditional human or animal power.
古老的谋生之道正受到新农业技术、新贸易和新行业的挑战。其中，这些新兴的行业使用一些奇怪的机器。这些机器无需传统的人力和畜力，非常节省劳动力。
And it helps to explain why so many inventions that were of Chinese origin or that had been known to the Greco-Romans, were fully developed and exploited ony by the Western Europeans.
它有助于说明，为什么发源于中国的许多发明和希腊罗马人所知道的许多发明，只是在西欧人手中才得到全面发展和充分利用。
Consequently the manor was a self-sufficient village that was worked by serfs who were not free to leave, and who with their labor supported a hierarchy of lay and clerical lords.
因而，采邑是靠农奴经营的自给自足的村庄；农奴不能随便离开，并以其劳动养活教俗封建集团。
Not Surprisingly, the most complex political structures appeared in the Sudan, where long distance trade was most highly developed and where Islamic influence was the strongest.
Chinese Translation No. 1:
毫不奇怪，苏丹出现了最复杂的政治组织，在那里，长途贸易发展得最快，伊斯兰教的影响最为强烈。
Chinese Translation No. 2:
苏丹的长途贸易发展得最快，伊斯兰教的影响也最大。在那里出现最为复杂的政治组织是毫不奇怪的。
Our aim is to establish in Ghana a strong and progressive society ... where poverty and illiteracy no longer exist and disease is brought under control; and where our educational facilities provide all the children of Ghana with the best possible opportunities for the development of their potentialities.
我们的目标是要在加纳建立一个强大、进步的社会......在这里，贫困和文盲不再存在，疾病得到控制；在这里，我们的教育机构为加纳所有的孩子提供发展他们的潜力的最好机会。
Even so the Lisbon government admitted in MARCH 1970 that a major attack had been launched by guerrillas who were armed with mortars and automatic weapons and who inflicted “many” Portuguese casualties.
即使如此，里斯本政府仍于1970年3月承认，配备迫击炮和自动武器的游击队已发动了一次大规模的进攻，使葡萄牙人蒙受“重大”伤亡。
At one extreme are Hawaii and Brazil, where racial intermixture is extensive and continuing, and where racial discrimination is relatively minor.
Chinese Translation No.1:
处于一个极端的是夏威夷和巴西，在那里，种族混合十分广泛，而且正在继续进行，因此，种族歧视较少。
Chinese Translation No.2:
最为典型的则要数夏威夷和巴西了。在这两个地方，种族混合非常普遍，而且将会有增无减；而相对来说，种族歧视问题就不怎么严重了。
He was also an old-line Stalinist who had spent 16 years in Hungarian jails in the interwar period and who was now unwilling to share authority with the “nationalist“ Hungarian Communists.
他还是一位老牌的斯大林主义者，曾在两次世界大战之间的时期内在匈牙利监狱呆了，因而这时不愿与”民族主义的“匈牙利共产党人分享权力。
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.
行为主义者认为,如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素,这些因素又有利于其适当反应能力的发展,那么,儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。
Prior to the twentieth century, women in novels were stereotypes of lacking any features that made them unique individuals and were also subject to numerous restrictions imposed by the male-dominated culture.
在20世纪以前,小说中的妇女像都是一个模式。她们没有任何特点,因而无法成为具有个性的人;他们还要屈从于由男性主宰的文化传统强加给他们的种种束缚。
Although perhaps only 1 per cent of the life that has started somewhere will develop into highly complex and intelligent patterns, so vast is the number of planets that intelligent life is bound to be a natural part of the universe.
虽然在某处已经开始的生命中可能仅有百分之一会发展成高度复杂、有智慧的型式,但是行星的数目如此之多,以致有智慧的生命一定是宇宙的一个天然组成部分。
Taking his cue from Ibsen’sA Doll’s House, in which the heroine, Nora, leaves home because she resents her husband’s treating her like a child, the writer Lu Xun warned that Nora would need money to support herself; she must have economic rights to survive.
易卜生的剧作《玩偶之家》中的女主人公娜拉离家出走,因为她憎恶她的丈夫像对待孩子一样来对待她。作家鲁迅从中得到启示,从而告诫人们娜拉得需要钱来养活自己,她要生存就必须有经济上的权利。
篇3：英语定语从句翻译句子
1. 正在跑步的男孩是我的好朋友。
2. 他是我们正在寻找的男孩。
3. 昨天给我们上课的妇女是他的姑姑。
4. 她是我们昨天帮助的女孩。
5. 正在打扫校车的女孩是我们的班长。
6. 他是我所见到最高的学生。
7. 这是我去年买的手表。
8. 他是刚才唱歌的男孩。
9. 正在游泳的女孩是我们的同学。
10. 他是在医院里帮助过我的医生。
篇4：英语定语从句翻译句子
1、这是我昨天买的自行车。
2、他是我昨天遇见的男。
3、你昨天给我买的书很有趣。
4、这是我想要的钢笔。
5、那是他正在照顾的小孩。
6、正站在柜台后的女士是我妈妈。
7、在桌子上的书是我的。
8、这是我们买玩具的商店。
9、这是帮助过我的男人。
10、他是买这本书的男士。
篇5：英语定语从句翻译句子
1.This is the bag _____ my mother bought yesterday.
A. that B. who C. whom D. this
2. The man _____ lives next to us is my English teacher.
A. who B. which C. who D. /
6. The only language _____ is easy to learn is the mother tongue.
A. which B. that C. / D. it
7. The girl handed everything _____ she had picked up in the street to the police.
A. which B. in which C. that D. all
8. _____ cleans the blackboard should be praised.
A. That B. Who C. The one who D. The students who
9. Please show me the book _____ you bought yesterday.
A. which B. whom C. whose D. this
10. This is the best book _ I have been looking for all this year.
A. who B. whom C. which D. /
11. This is the only article of these that _____ written by him.
A. was B. were C. is D. are
12. The man _____ was here just now is a doctor.
A. whom B. who C. / D. he
13. The boy _____ has two lovely dogs.
A. who live next door B. which lives next door
C. whom lives next door D. that lives next door
14. Those _____ made no mistakes in today’s exercises please raise your hands.
A. which B. whom C. that D. who
15. Don’t go in, this is the shop _____ we have just been _____.
A. /, to B. that, / C. where, to D. which, there
16. He is the most careful boy _____ I know.
A. what B. which C. as D. ./
17. This is the school _____ Mr. Smith once taught.
A. in that B. when C. where D. there
18. Have you visited the house _____ the famous scientist was born?
A. where B. in that C. that D. which
篇6：定语从句翻译复杂句子
同学们，如果给你复杂的定语从句你是否会翻译呢？怎么翻译呢？
翻译练习(定语从句)
1.李昂就是那个决心清除社会上所有坏蛋的职业杀手。
Leonwas a professional killerwhowas determined to get rid of all the bad guys in the society.
2.玛蒂尔德就是那个父母都已离世的可怜的小女孩。
Mathilda was a poor little girlwhoseparents both died.
3.足球是一项培养孩子跟别人合作的团队活动。
Football is a team workthattrains children to work with others.
4.你想见的那个人住进了这家宾馆。
The manwhomyou want to seechecked in this hotel.
5.这是我们昨天参观的那家工厂。
This is the factory(which/that )we visited yesterday.
6.我昨天收到的那封信是我的一个朋友寄来的。
The letter(which/that)I received yesterdaywas from a friend of mine.
7.他常常回忆起童年在乡下跟爷爷去河边钓鱼的日子。
He often recalls the days of his childhoodwhenhe and his grandfather went fishing by the river.
8.这是鲁迅曾经住过的房子。
This is the housewhereLu Xun once lived.
This is the housein whichLu Xun once lived.
This is the housewhichLu Xun once livedin.
9.我们不知道他没有来的原因。
We don’t know the reasonwhyhe didn’t show up.
We don’t know the reasonthathe didn’t show up.(×)
10.中国政府正在大力发展农业，农业的重要性现在已是人人皆知。
Chinese government is trying to develop agriculture with great efforts, the importanceof whichis now known to everybody.
11.会议延期了，而这正是我们所希望的。
The meeting was put off,which/aswas exactly what we wanted.
12.这是我看过的最好的一部电影。
This is the best film(that)I have ever seen.
This is the best film (which)I have ever seen.(×)
篇7：定语从句翻译复杂句子
英语句子中某个需要修饰的词语后面可以接无数的定语从句，而汉语句子中需要修饰的词语前不能放过多的修饰语(定语)。另外，英语定语从句的结构还具有一些特点，即蔓生式(The rates at which the molecules move depend upon the energy they have.)，并列式(The house (that) he bought in 1968，and which he sold two years later，is again on the market.)，连环套式(There was one thing (that) he told me which I don’t believe at all.)。基于这些结构上的差异，在翻译定语从句的时候，可以选择以下几种方法：
1. 前置法
比较简短的英语定语从句，可以译成作定语的短语，置于所修饰词语之前。
例如：
·You must make full use of the money there is left to you and think of a plan to make more.
你必须充分利用所剩的`钱，而且要想法赚更多的钱。
·The people who worked for him lived in mortal fear of him. 在他手下工作的人对他怕得要死。
·This is the cat that killed the rat.
这就是那只捕杀了老鼠的猫。
·For example, one function of friendship seems to fulfill is that it supports the image we have of ourselves, and confirms the value of the attitudes we hold.
例如, 友谊的一个作用似乎是支持我们在自己心目中的形象, 并使我们持有的价值观念更加坚定。
·Behaviorists, in contrast, say that difference in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy.
相反, 行为主义者认为, 成绩的差异是由于黑人常常被剥夺了白人在教育及其他外界环境方面所享有的许多有条件而造成的。
2. 后置法
当定语从句较长时, 如果翻译成前置的定语, 就会不符合汉语的表达习惯, 在这种情况下, 往往把该定语从句翻译成并列的分句, 放置于原来它所修词的后面。另外在处理此类定语从句时, 一般遵循的原则是：若保留先行词, 则在第二个分句中加以重复, 若省略, 则两个并列分句中均不再保留。当然, 在实际的翻译过程中也有例外。
·All the water that flows through the wide pipe in a second must somehow get through a narrow part too, which it can do only by going faster.
在一秒钟内流过粗管子的全部水量， 一定会以某种方式通过细管子，这只有靠加快流速才能做到。(后置)
·Perhaps light is some sort of electric wave, whose nature we do not yet understand.
也许，光是某种电波，其性质我们尚不清楚。(后置)
·This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in high-energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields.
这种困境将是确定无疑的, 因为能源的匮乏使农业无法以高能量消耗这种美国耕种方法继续下去了, 而这种耕种方式使投入少数农民就可获得高产成为可能。(后置)
·“In short”, a leader of the new school attends, “the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.”
新学派的一位领袖人物坚持说：“简而言之, 我们所称谓的科学革命，主要指一系列器具的改进、发明和使用，这些改进、发明和使用使科学发展的范围无所不及。” (后置)
·The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this, which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food.
食品的供应将赶不上人口的增长, 这就意味著我们在粮食的生产和购销方面正陷入危机。(后置)
·You consulted the man who had no idea about that subject at all?
那个家伙对这一主题一无所知，你却去咨询他?(前置)
·They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which，in the past，many Chinese have laid down their lives.
他们正在为实现一个理想而努力，这个理想是每个中国人所珍爱的，在过去，许多中国人曾为了这个理想而牺牲了自己的生命。 (后置)
·Nearly everyone knows the story of “the dog that worried the cat that caught the rat that ate the grain that lay in the house that Jack built.”
几乎人人都知道这个故事：“杰克盖了房，房里堆了粮，耗子把粮吃光，猫把耗子抓着，狗又把猫逼上房。”(后置)
3. 溶合法
所谓溶合就是把原句中的主语和定语从句合并在一起，译成一个独立的句子。
例如：
·There are more and more foreign investors who have the intention to do business and live in Dalian.
越来越多的外国投资者有意向在大连经商和生活。
·They are a nation that must beg to stay alive.
他们那个国家不讨饭就活不下去。
·Objects that do not transmit light cause shadows.
不透光的物体造成阴影。
4.分离法
有些定语从句较长，结构较复杂，或意思上独立性较强，在逻辑意义上有追述、分层叙述、转折等作用。这时可将英语的定语从句从主句中分离出来，译成独立的成分。
例如：
·Nowhere is the clash between development and environment more visible than in China, where the world’s largest population faces pollution, deforestation and acid rain on a large scale.
在中国，发展与环境的矛盾表现得尤为明显。这个世界上人口最多的国家正面临着环境污染、森林减少以及大范围酸雨侵袭。
·There are 107 elements found in nature, most of which ( =and most of them)are metals.
自然界发现的元素有107种，其中大部分是金属。
5. 译成有状语功能的分句
·We know that a cat，whose eyes can take in many more rays
of light than our eyes, can see clearly in the night.
我们知道，由于猫的眼睛比我们人的眼睛能吸收更多的光线，所以猫黑夜也能看得很清楚。
(原因)
·Chaplin, whose mother was ill for many years, had to dance in streets to earn money .
由于母亲病了好多年，卓别林不得不到街头表演去挣钱。
(原因)
·I invited that friend, who came on time.
我邀请了那位朋友，他就按时来了。
(结果)
·He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.他做了一架望远镜，使他能够研究天空。
(结果)
·Anyone who wants to can go for a walk.
谁想去散步就可以去。
(条件)
·Nothing is difficult in the world for anyone, who dares to scale the height.
世上无难事，只要肯登攀。
(条件)
·The young man needed a visa that would enable him to study in the United States.
这位青年需要得到签证，以便前往美国学习。
(目的)
·But the Southern States wanted to set up a country of their
own, where they would be free to keep black slaves.
但是南方各州却想建立他们自己的国家，以便在那里他们可以随心所欲地继续把黑人当作奴隶。
(目的)
·The scientist, who was dog-tired, went on with the experiment.
那位科学家虽已筋疲力尽，但还是继续进行实验。
(让步)
·He insisted on buying another house, which he had no use for.
他坚持再买一幢房子，尽管他并无此需要。
(让步)
6. 其他译法
把翻译简单定语从句的方法贯通其中，如译成定语 + 句子成分(即把一个从句译成定语，另一个从句译成句子成分);或译成并列句(或句子成分)+ 状语从句(即把一个从句译成并列句或句子成分，另一个从句译成状语从句)等。例如：
·At one extreme are Hawaii and Brazil，where racial intermixture is extensive and continuing, and where racial discrimination is relatively minor.
处于一个极端的是夏威夷和巴西，在那里种族混合十分普遍，而且正在继续，因此，种族歧视较少。
(并列句+状语从句)
EXERCISES
I. SENTENCE TRANSLATION
1. Almost everything which really matters and which the world possessed at the commencement of the modern age was already known to man at the dawn of history.
2. And it helps to explain why so many inventions that were of Chinese origin or that had been known to the Greco-Romans were fully developed and exploited only by the Western Europeans.
3. Not surprisingly, the most complex political structures appeared in the Sudan, where long distance trade was most highly developed and where Islamic influence was the strongest.
4. This hope was nurtured by the great victories won by Genghis khan’s grandson, Hulagu, who was a Buddhist, and whose wife was a Christian.
5. They are striving for the ideal which is close to the heart of every Chinese and for which，in the past, many Chinese have laid down their lives.
6. It applies equally to traditional historians who view history as only the external and internal criticism of sources and to social science historians who equate their activity with specific techniques.
7. A youngster who has no playmates of his age living nearby may benefit greatly from attending nursery school.
8.The first two must be equal for all who are being compared，if any comparison in terms of intelligence is to be made.
9. Kissinger and his small group of aids toured the Forbidden City，where the Chinese emperors once lived in lofty splendor.
10.The time will surely come when the Chinese people will realize the four modernizations.
篇8：定语从句的几种翻译方法
定语从句的几种翻译方法
中文修饰名词的成分常在名词前边,英文的修饰性从句恰恰在后边,这一根本性的'差别迫使译者在翻译时必须善于变通.定语从句翻译时的变通主要在于调整从句的类别.大多数定语从句都不一定翻译成中文的定语,而可以灵活变通译成各种类型的状语或转换成其他类型的从句,甚至译成独立的句子.
作 者：骆敏 作者单位：山东科技大学,泰安校区,公共课部,山东,泰安,271000 刊 名：湖南科技学院学报 英文刊名：JOURNAL OF HUNAN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 年，卷(期)： 28(11) 分类号：H159 关键词：定语从句 前置 后置 状语 修饰篇9：试论定语从句的翻译方法
试论定语从句的翻译方法
在英语中定语从句的使用频率非常高,对定语从句的.理解一直是翻译中经常遇到而又有相当难度的问题.如何正确理解英语定语从句并把它用汉语准确地表达出来显得格外重要.文章并未按传统方式将定语从句分为限制性和非限制性加以讨论,而是通过对比英汉语言差异而归纳出定语从句汉译时的基本规律,并介绍和归纳几种常见的翻译定语从句的方法.
作 者：周成 王慧 ZHOU Cheng WANG Hui 作者单位：成都大学外国语学院,四川成都,610106 刊 名：成都大学学报（教育科学版） 英文刊名：JOURNAL OF CHENGDU UNIVERSITY(EDUCATIONAL SCIENCES EDITION) 年，卷(期)： 22(1) 分类号：H319.3 关键词：英语 定语从句 英汉语言差异 翻译方法篇10：定语从句
1．定语从句在句中作定语用，修饰句中的某一名词（或代词），被定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句关联词有：
关系代词：who，whom，whose，which，that
关系副词：when，where，why, that等。
⒈定语从句试题，主要考查使用关系词的能力。
○1找出被修饰的先行词，分析关系词在从句中的语法作用，确定关系代词：
This is the hospital（that）we visited yesterday．
此句的先行词为hospital,可用which／that，但不可用who，whom。关系词在从句中作visit的宾语，不可用where。
又如：We visited a factory＿which or that＿makes toys for children.
We visited the factory __where__ Li Ming’s father once worked.
○2掌握 which和that使用上的区别。
a. 只能用which的情况：
（l）先行词是物时，介词后的关系代词应用which，不用that。
This is the home in which（＝where）Lu Xun once lived.
若介词不前置,用that也可。
如：The room which／that we live in is clean．
（2）在非限制性定语从句中，关系代词用which．
Last night I saw a very good film, which was about the Anti-Japanese War.
（3）先行词为物，且被that或those修饰时，通常用which。如：
That book which Tom bought yesterday is useful.
b.在下列情况下，一般用that。
（1）先行词为all, everything, nothing，something，anything，little，no，much，the only，the same，the very，the first，the last，any，every时。如：
Is there anything（that）1 can do for you in town？
He was the only teacher（that）I knew in your schoo1．
（2）先行词为形容词最高级所修饰时。
This is one of the most exciting football games (that) I have ever seen.
It was the finest art exhibition that we ever saw.
先行词中既有人，也有物时。如：
Can you see a man and his horse that are crossing the bridge?
○3用词不可重复。定语从句中，己有关系词作主语、宾语或状语时，不可再重复。如：
The man＿＿＿＿was a friend of mine！
A. that you just talked to B. whom you just talked to him
C. who you just talked to him D. which you just talked to
○4as 和which可代表全句意思，但其用法有差别。它们引导非限制性定语从句，可以用整个主句作为先行词，指代上面或下面所说的一件事。区别如下：
a. as引导的从句可放在主句之前或之后，而which只可放在主句之后。如：
As is known to us all, we have made great progress in science and technology.
Tom failed in the exam, which made us so sorry.
b. 从句中的谓语动词是describe, do, tell, know, expect，see, hear, watch, say, show等实义动词时，用as.
As we all know, Shakespeare is a famous writer.
To shut your eyes to facts, as many of you do, is foolish.
There is great disorder, as the newspapers will have told you.
c. 当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或从句谓语带有一个复合宾语结构时，一般用which而不用as。
如：
You pretended not to know me, which I didn’t understand.
He admires everyone in the class, which I find quite strange.
d. as 作关系代词常与the same, such配合使用。
如：
I had the same things as you.
Metals are such things as iron, silver and gold.
○5 介词加关系代词中介词的选用
（1） 根据与先行词的习惯搭配。
I will never forget the day on which I joined the Party.
（2） 根据和从句中动词的固定搭配。
This is not the dictionary of which the teacher spoke in class.
（3） 根据句子的具体意义。
He invented a telescope, with which he could study the sky.
○6使用定语从句应注意的几个问题：
（1）关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词用单数还是复数应由先行词决定。
The mm who lives downstairs speaks English fluently.
The students who are in Grade Three are going to climb the hi11 tomorrow。
(2)定语从句有时不直接紧靠着先行词，中间由一个定语、状语或谓语隔开。
如：
There is an expression in his eyes that I can’t understand．
The days are gone forever when the Chinese people were looked down upon。
(3)引导定语从句的关系副词可以用“介词+which”来代替。
如：
0ctober l，1949 was the day on which（=when）the People’s Republic of China was founded.
(4)当定语从句中谓语动词是带介词或副词的短语动词时，短语动词的各个固定的部分不要拆开。
The dictionary which you are looking for is on the desk.
The sick man whom she is 1ooking after is her father.
篇11：定语从句
第四讲
高 考 命 题 走 向：
定语从句是重要的语法现象，学好定语从句对于更好地理解文章具有相当重要的意义，近年来高考试题多考查引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词，区别限定性从句和非限定性从句，定语从句和状语从句的不同，关系代词在介词后的使用等。
预2004年的高考题将在关系代词和关系副词的选择，which在非限定性从句中的使用，which与it的区别，that在关系从句中的使用，关系副词和连接副词的使用区别，as在定语从句中的使用等几方面进行考核。
高 考 试 题 自 评：
1. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ___ she could turn for help. (MET92)
A. that B. who C. from whom D. to whom
2. The weather turned out to be very good, ____ was more than we could expect. (MET94)
A. what B. which C. that D. it
3. Caral said the work would be done by October, __ personally I doubt very much. (MET99)
A. it B. that C. when D. which
4. ____ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools is increasing. (上海98)
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
5. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, ___ was very reasonable. (上海99)
A. which price B. the price of which
C. its price D. the price of whose
6. ---- I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
---- Is that the reason ___ you had a few days off?
A. why B. when C. what D. where (NMET99)
7. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ___, of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what (MET2000)
8. The result of the experiment was very good, ___ we hadn’t expected. (2000春)
A. when B. that C. which D. what
9. The film brought the hours back to me ___ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.
A. until B. that C. when D. where (NMET01)
10. ___ is know to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (NMET2001)
A. It B. As C. That D. What
11. Alec asked the policeman ____ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
A. with him B. who
C. with whom C. whom (上海2002)
12. There’s a feeling in me ___ we’ll never know what a UFO is. (上海2002)
A. that B. which C. of which D. what
13. York, ___last year, is a nice old city.(北京2003)
A. that I visited B. which I visited
C. where I visited D. in which I visited
训 练 提 高：
1. Jack old me everything __ he knew about it.
A, what B. that C. which D. who
2. Lei Lei is the girl __ pronunciation is the best in our class.
A. whose B. who C. who's D. that
3. I, __ your best friend, will try my best to help you.
A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which am
4. All ____ should be done has been done.
A. what B. which C. that D. whatever
5. Who is the boy __ is reading under the tree over
there?
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
6. Around the factory, there are a lot of people __ the smoke from it does great harm.
A. to whom B. for who C. whom D. to who
7. She is the only one of the girls in our class __ been to the United States.
A. who have B. that had C. whom has D. that has
8. The room __ window is still bright is our head teacher's office.
A. which B. its C. whose D. of whose
9. I have three uncles, two of ___ are teachers.
A. whom B. who C. them D. which
10. Can you lend me the book __ the other day?
A. you talked about it B. that you talked
C. about that you talked D. you talked about
11. The two old friends talked about the persons and places __ impressed them most.
A. which B. who C. where D. that
12. These articles are written in simple language, __
makes it easy to read.
A. that B. this C. which D. it
13. My father works in the factory __ this type of truck is made.
A. in where B. in which
C. from which D. of which
14. The school ____ we visited last week was built in 1956.
A. / B. where C. that D. both A and C
15. I shall never forget the day __ we spent swimming in that beautiful lake.
A. when B. in which C. that D. on which
16. I shall never forget the day __ I joined the league.
A. on which B. in which C. that D. when that
17. China is not the same country __ it was twenty years ago.
A. that B. as C. which D. like
18. He arrived half an hour late, __ made us unhappy.
A. as B. that C. which D. when
19. Wang Fei is the boy __ I think is the most diligent in our class.
A. who B. whom C. about whom D. him
20. He is one of the few boys who __ been given the price.
A. were B. has C. have D. was
21. Is the river __ through that town very large?
A. flows B. the one flows
C. that flowing D. that flows
22. ___ leaves the room last should lock the door.
A. Those who B. Anyone C. He D. Whoever
23. She heard a terrible noise, __ brought her heart into her mouth.
A. it B. which C. this D. that
24. I gave him a warning, ____ he turned a deaf ear.
A. of which B. for which
C. about which D. to which
25. There is a mountain ____ the top is covered with snow all the year round.
A. of that B. whose C. its D. of which
26. I have some letters to write __ put off.
A. what is not to B. that can' t be
C. which cannot D. it can't be
27. The teacher told us the truth ____ practice makes perfect.
A. that B. which C. about which D. why
28. Tom told the teacher the reason ___ he was late again.
A. that B. for why C. for that D. for which
29. You should put the book ___ you took it.
A. that B. where C. which D. there
30. Is this pen ____ you are looking for?
A. the one B. that C. which D. it
歼 灭 难 点 训 练 题：
1.----Do you know our town at all?
---- No, this is the first time I __ here.
A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming
2. He paid the boy ￥10 for washing ten windows, most of __ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
A. these B. those C. that D. which
3. All __ is needed is a supply of oil.
A. the thing B. that C. what D. which
4. After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town __ he grew up as a child.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
5. His parents wouldn't let him marry anyone __ family was poor.
A. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whose
6. The word” write“ has the same pronunciation __ the word ”fight".
A. of B. as C. to D. from
7. Finally, the thief handed everything ____ he had stolen to the police.
A. which B. what C. whatever D. that
★ 基本句型英语翻译
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