托福写作改写技巧(锦集8篇)由网友“小王”投稿提供,下面小编为大家整理过的托福写作改写技巧,欢迎阅读与借鉴!
篇1:托福写作改写技巧
托福写作改写技巧分享 使用不同句型提升语言质量
托福写作改写技巧:使用不同的句型
a. 改变词序。这是非常简单的一种方法,完全不用动脑筋就可以进行改写。常常将句子中的状语(包括状语从句)换位置。
Eg: For many years, people have believed ….
→People believed… for many years.
After this program
has been solved, work on … can continue.
b. 主动语态和被动语态的互相替换
Eg: Trained scientists performed this research.
→This research was performed by trained scientists.
c. 使用“there be” 句型,可以将一个简单句,马上变成一个加入定语从句或者分词的复杂句。
Eg: Several computer programs can be used to solve this problem.
→There are several computer programs that can be used to solve this problem.
或There are several computer programs used to solve this problem.
d. 定语从句,分词和插入语的互相替换
Eg: Study…, conducted
by sociologists in , shows that…
→Study…, which was conducted by sociologists in 2004, shows that…
Eg: This…, which is one of the most powerful … in the world, has…
→This…, one of the most powerful… in the world, has…
托福写作考前注意事项
仔细读题,练做题耐心
阅读好题目的内容更加有助于托福接下来的写作,试想想在考试中绚烂的用法与高级的词汇而汇聚的精彩文章,结果写了一大半发现写跑题了!如果能在之前用上短短二三十秒的时间认真读读题目所暗含的时间点或者地点等隐含信息,就绝对不会出现这样的情况了。
这就要求不要盲目的直接写,要有耐心。尤其是在综合写作中,更要认真阅读三分钟的那篇文章,相应的做好笔记,与之后的听力内容坐上对比,要不然听力的要点记起来相对会模糊混乱一些。
构思写作模板
虽然说不是建议用别人用过的模板,但是在备考的过程中,一定要形成自己的写作风格,可以根据不同的话题整理一些模板出来。考前一天,可以都过一遍。
在构思方面综合与独立写作推崇的都是:首段+理由段+尾端,只不过在理由段中略有差异。
综合写作理由段:三个观点对应三个反驳或者支持点观点。
独立写作理由段:两段或者三段都可以,构思的范围可以围绕着PECTS来展开(person/pressure/environment/economy/culture/communication/technology/time/study)这几个方面作为brainstorm的观点来展开。同时在理由段落把这些观点串成一段的话,那么你就可以采用五种方法原因挖掘、拟无主题、对比、事实论证以及例子补充的方法进行阐述。这里不做过多的赘述。
整理用词与句式
灵活多变的语言会使你的作文变得丰富多彩,给考官留下深刻的印象。例如,善于使用倒装、强调、定语从句、非谓语等高级句式。就会给你的托福写作添彩加分。整理一些高分句式,不管什么样的话题都可以用的到。
托福写作素材:西方情人节的由来
西方情人节的来历
Annually on February 14, is a western and traditional saint tile D stanza, call the “ Valentine's Day” again.It has the long history.Ancient Rome
The herding absolute being stanza of the ages, is a festival of loverses.That day men and women youth can have a happy reunion a hall.Miss express love
Of wish the put in sign , the young man draws lots one by one in order, which misses take out arrive to wish the , that miss become his lover.
The Christianity rises, the church disagrees very much to the herding absolute being stanza customs.But suffer youth the person's acceptance of persons because of this festival,To still continue down.Till the 7 centry A.D., the church leader hope contacts this festival together the Christianity is together, hence he Use the Christianity baptism of blood the name of the tile D is this festival to assign name to afresh, and change from original on February 15 to February to the date On 14.
Christianity martyrology that browse the earlier period, can find out three baptism of blood for calling tile Ds, an among those is what 3 centry A.D.
Bishop.The at that time the emperor of Rome thinks that the married man doeses not wish to leave the house serves as soldier, ascended the battlefield even to also can't become a good soldier, Therefore announced a prohibition against conjugal ordinance tile D to this very worried, he disobey the aim idea of the emperor, in private for youth The person holds the wedding, therefore encountering the captivity, in 271 A.D.2 knifes die in the jail inside on 14.
Endless years that through several centuries, the nodal fete in D in in tile method took place not a few varieties.England in 16 centuries, tile Very unusual interesting in nodal customs in the D of .Along with the development of the New Continent, England immigrates again this a the stanza of the very full of and romantic color The day took North America, becoming one of the festival that American likes gradually.
In the United States, the youth that tile D stanza have been not only festival into.Close relatives friend's, in spite of age size, can be with each other
Send to the small gift to express affection, promote the comity.There is not a few stores in the United States sell this type of gift exclusively.Such as decorate heart form of high
Class chocolates a tulip for, or is red satin taking nosegay etc..As to every kind of contain lace, spread last the feeling of the perfumePerson's card, also all like that.
Certainly, the young talented person is a leading role that tile D stanza is real well-deserved.They act with due care and respect ground as on this day the lover chooses
Choose the gift, an in company with friend goes hiking:Or attend lover's dancing party organized by club form a pair.
Special interesting is, the young man of those mindses hand usually think that the square try to make into toward the tile D stanza of the miss courtship salute card
Refined handicraft product in in , have of imitate is if a fresh flowers for blooming that a beautiful butterfly, have:Still have of just like
Venus ratio with shoot arrow in the curved bow.The miss of those the feeling of ss is then according to the traditional custom, in the tile D stanza night before last laurel leaf
Put on the pillow, hope in a dream and together own lover meets.
Special fascinating are the nocturnal masquerade ball of Valentine's Dayses.This at several decade ago very popular.Attend the dancing party of into, each takes a lot of trouble a ground of disguises that attire the oneself, having basinet knight, the disguise that have spanish pirate, still the disguise that have eastern emperor.Intelligent dancing party host usually give each guest hair, a tile for taking lace D card, write the some personal name up, this individual become your the colleague of the tonight.Therefore on the dancing party, people can see then
The is lightly moving to dance with the ash miss;Hamlet together the card door talks to smile the breeze livings;The Arabian princess checks to manage together two a life times enter the dinner totally.
They masquerade so extraordinarily lifelike. make person feeling to imitate the was really a group of the ancientses to bring to life.
Tile D stanza be happiness festival that like this an alive with love with comity.
每年2月14日,是西方传统的圣瓦伦丁节,又称“情人节”。它具有悠久的历史。古罗马 时代的牧神节,就是一个情侣们的节日。是日男女青年可以欢聚一堂。
姑娘们把表达爱情 的祝辞放在签筒里,小伙子依次抽签,抽到哪位姑娘的祝辞,那位姑娘就成为他的恋人。 基du教兴起,教会对牧神节风俗很不以为然。但由于这个节日受到青年人的偏爱,所 以仍然延续了下来。到公元7世纪,教会领袖希望把这节日同基基du联系在一起,于是他 们用基基du殉教者瓦伦丁的名字为这个节日重新命名,并把日期由原来的2月15日改为2月 14日。翻阅早期基基du殉教史,可以找到三个叫瓦伦丁的殉教者,其中一个是公元3世纪的 主教。
当时罗马皇帝认为已婚男子都不愿离家当兵,即使上了战场也不会成为一个好兵, 因此发布了一道禁止结婚的法令瓦伦丁对此十分忧虑,他违背皇帝的旨意,秘密地为青年 人举行婚礼,因此遭到监禁,于公元271年2刀14日死于狱中.经过几世纪的漫长岁月,瓦伦丁节的庆祝方式发生了不少变化。
在16世纪的英国,瓦 伦丁节的风俗十分奇特有趣。随着新大陆的开发,英国移民又把这一极富有浪漫色彩的节 日带到了北美,逐渐成为美国人喜爱的节日之一。在美国,瓦伦丁节已不仅是青年入的节日。亲人朋友之间,不论年龄大小,都可以互 送小礼品以表达感情,增进友谊。美国有不少商店专门出售这类礼品。如装饰成心形的高 级巧克力糖盒,或者系着红缎带的郁金香花束等。至于各式各样饰有花边、洒上香水的情 人卡,更是比比皆是。 当然,年青人才是瓦伦丁节真正当之无愧的主角。他们在这一天郑重其事地为恋人选 择礼物,兴高采烈地伴同朋友去郊游:或者成双成对地去参加由俱乐部组织的情人舞会。 特别有趣的是,那些心灵手巧的小伙子常常想方设法把向姑娘求爱的瓦伦丁节问候卡制成 玲拢精制的工艺品,有的仿佛是一只美丽的蝴蝶,有的宛若一朵盛开的鲜花:还有的恰似 爱神丘比特正在弯弓射箭。
那些痴情的姑娘则按照传统习俗,在瓦伦丁节前夜把月桂树叶 放在枕头上,盼望着在梦中同自己的心上人相会。 特别引人入胜的是情人节之夜的化装舞会。这在几十年前就十分流行。参加舞会的入 ,个个煞费苦心地将自己装扮起来,有的化装成中世纪的骑士,有的化装成西班牙的海盗 ,还有的化装成东方的皇帝。聪明的舞会主人常常给每位客人发,个带花边的瓦伦丁卡片 ,上面写着某个人的名字,这个人就成为你今晚的伙伴。因此在舞会上,人们便可以看到罗密欧和灰姑娘翩翩起舞;哈姆雷特同卡门谈笑风生;阿拉伯公主同查理二世共进晚餐。 他们化装得那样维妙维肖.使人觉得仿佛真的是一群古人复活了。 瓦伦丁节就是这样一个充满爱情和友谊的欢乐节日.
篇2:托福写作以及技巧
1.托福的作文就是英文的“八股”,有套路,所以模板用得上。
2.词汇和固定短语要识记,主要是3类: ~环境的,经济的,社会进步等题目经常涉及的名词或者名词短语;~表示程度等的形容词和能够恰当修饰动词的副词;~起承转合作用的连接词和短语。
3.在正确,易懂的基础上,力求句型的变化多端,插入语,从句,倒装,虚拟等。
4.看清题目要求写什么,有比较的,要写出两者的不同,不要只说你支持的。
5.不同的reason不要糅合到一块去,每段中心要明确,且reason段落,要用英文写作的方式,开门见山的在段落开头指出;既然要成段,那么你所选择的reason一定要能扩展,也就是有东西好写,不要为赋新辞强说愁;所以虽然一个论点你可能有N个理由,但那些很有道理,但是你用英文无法表达清楚的,就不用写了,这不是上万字的论文。
on一出就要有example,两三个case足以,并且事例逻辑上能够支持原因。
7.整篇文章不要出现第二人称you,your,这是enjoy life等前辈的指点(指点了pumpkin,然后她又“数落”我的),多用people;你想,you就是阅卷人,你凭什么张口就用人家的书面语言教导人家呢?
8.个人的观点:尽可能的避免单独使用he/she,考虑到性别歧视问题。但是,如果你要顶字数的话,也请用 he or she。
9.口语化是初级者的大问题之一,写作文的时候往往是先想中文改怎么说,然后做个翻译工作;本来对非母语就很能驾驭,这样一来,说大白话,就直接导致句式的单一;所以还是要看看真题阅读文章的文法。
托福作文技巧“五段锦”
第一段,对题目改写,再用模板的套话扯一下,常用的手法是正反一提。
第二段,最大的reason,事例论据支持。
第三段,次大的reason,事例论据支持。
第四段,一个小的reason,外加一个不碍大事的however的对立。
第五段,对各段reason改写总结,也可以再加展望,但是不要号召。
托福综合写作的注意事项
英美人写文章的总体逻辑可以概括为总分或总分总。而托福综合写作的阅读材料多为前者布局,且多为四段式(首段总起,三段分别展开)。
首段主要用来提供背景信息或者提出话题,(注意:阅读和听力是同一个话题,极少考到观点相互补,多为观点相对立。)而作者的立场或论点多位于首段的最后一句,聪明的考生会把注意力多集中于首段的尾句,确定作者的立论点,从而对于下一阶段的听力大致话题和论述做到心中有底。
随后的段落即展开给出作者之所以立论的三个分论点或论据,在单个的段落当中,又遵循了西方人惯有的总分模式,单个段落的首句多为topic sentence,考生可以只关注三个段落的首句以快速获取段落主要内容,从而避免全文通读速度不够而导致的来不及看完阅读。
二、听力:判断说话人立场,记录观点和支持性论据
听力环节的笔记很重要,是决定综合写作能否顺利完成的关键因素。没有经过训练或者疏于练习的同学会对于该记什么无从下手,结果就是笔记做了,自己看不懂,或者笔记太过凌乱,毫无可利用性。
要知道听力该记什么怎么记,此时应当牢记心里的仍然是西方人的逻辑性。“总分”表明了在听力的开始段是表明说话者立场和论点的,那么按照我们之前分析的,阅读和听力必然是同主题,所以听力开始时候大家不必忙着乱记一通,事实上,什么都不用写,镇定情绪,听清说话者的立场即可。
接着,和阅读中相似,说话者会从三个方面阐述支持自己的观点,很多情况下,这三点和阅读中的三点是刚好契合,一一对应的。但听力三方面的分论据往往是从阅读中无法推断的,所以分论点及论据是需要同学进行笔记的,应当记的是key words,切忌洋洋洒洒想记全一句话,最后自己也难以读懂。
三、综合写作中,要将阅读和听力观点整合起来时,如果在准备阶段备有一套好用的模板,那么就是如虎添翼了。好的模板在课堂上就会发给同学,但是我们建议考生应当备有自己独一无二的模板,通过对同义换词,句型多变,做到集多个好模板于一身,又毫无雷同的独家模板。 想办法提高自己的记忆容量。
四、各位考生不妨观察一下自己抄写英文句子的情况。大多数未经训练的第二语言学习者很可能都是每写下一个词就要回去重新读一次才能继续抄下去——有的时候甚至可能需要每写一个字母就要返回文本重看一眼才能继续。这说明此人的记忆容量只能容纳一个词(或者甚至连一个词都容纳不了)。记忆容量大的人理解文本更为容易,又因为能够理解所以记忆文本更加容易,进而又因为能够记得住而联系上下文更为轻松,而记忆容量过小的人基本上连看完一篇文章都非常吃力。不过,只要稍加训练,记忆容量就会扩充至足够用的地步。迅速将自己的英文记忆容量提高到“够用”的地步,最好的方法就是通过“跟读”、“朗读”训练平日积累。因为朗读可以非常有效而又迅速地提高文字理解能力。这很关键,记不住的最重要原因并非“记忆力差”——无论记忆力多好,都很难记住无法理解、无法关联 的信息——听得懂才容易记得住。
托福写作的高分词汇积累
lively
恶作剧的,顽皮的--prankish naughty impish elfish devilish mischievous puckish
笨拙的,麻烦的--cumbersome bulky burdensome clumsy troublesome unmanageable
bothersome gauche antic awkward ham-handed
**,骚动--agitation bother commotion fret stir riot squall
大风暴--tempest violence storm
大混乱,大灾难--havoc calamity catastrophe misfortune disaster mishap tragedy
巨大的,惊人的--prodigious colossal enormous extraordinary gigantic huge
immense mammoth vast tremendous
例外的,奇特的,罕见的--exceptional remarkable stupendous
奇妙的,不可思议的--miraculous wonderful marvelous
大胆的,莽撞的--audacious bold brave daring gallant heroic valiant prowess
多产的,丰富的,繁茂的--prolific fecund fertile fruitful productive
munificent prosperous affluent flourish opulent well-off plentiful abundant
贫瘠的,不孕的,不毛之地--barren sterile
篇3:托福写作:段落技巧
托福写作:段落技巧
开头段
开头段主要用以下几种方法来组织,即背景法(Background), 争议法(Controversy),提问法(Question),故事法(Story)和引言法(Quotation)。
以背景法为例。背景法一般会提出一种普遍的或值得关注的现象作为背景 或者是由远到近,由大到小地谈论紧扣论题的社会观点作为背景。背景法开头段的结构通常如下:背景(1-3句)+论题+反方观点+(反方理由)+过度+(正方观点)+作者的观点+作者的理由。以8月11日的独立写作试题为例:Technology makes people's lives more complicated. 题目涉及到了现今社会比较热门的话题---科技。这样,我们就可以以这种社会比较关注的现象作为我们作文的开头背景。因此这个题目的首段就可以这样开始:Technology has had tremendous impacts on every aspect of modern life. However, people are having conflicting opinions about whether it has made people's lives more complicated or not. I believe technology has by and large made our lives more convenient。第一句话就是一句紧贴社会的背景,这样写不但很容易打开考生自己的思路,抓住作文的焦点,还能引起考官的共鸣。
中间段落
中间段落的文章结构通常如下:Transitional words + topic sentence + development。如果考生在平时能熟练运用这样的一个结构来展开作文,那么考场上就会凭借这份思维定势来帮助自己抓住每一分。中间三个段落都可以套用这种模式。
Transitional words主要有以下三种,即表顺序:firstly, secondly, finally (last but not least);表并列:besides, in addition;表对比:in contrast, in comparison。这些衔接词会让文章看起来脉络清晰,组织严密,也就做到了评分标准中的“well-organized”一条。
主题句,顾名思义,向考官展示的是考生作文的主要意旨所以它在中间段落中的作用是至关重要的。通常主题句应该注意一下几点:
1.主题句必须是陈述句。有的考生想在写作中创新,于是采用反问句或者其他看似多样化的题目,然而这种多样性带来的后果是给考官观点不明确的印象,很自然地会影响到分数。
2.必须表明观点。如果考生把一句无关痛痒的话放在主题句的位置上,很显然无法表明自身观点。比如像“今天是晴天”这样的话没有表明观点;然而 “今天是个好天气”就包含一种感情色彩在里面,给人一种立场明确的感觉。考生应该切记:没有反驳余地的就不可以作为主题句。
3.态度必须坚决。但是不能极端。
4.每段必须有主题句,理论上讲没有主题句是可以的,但是考场上不可以,没有主题就会浪费考官的时间去帮你总结主题,然而繁忙的考官是不会那么善良地去分析你的题目来抓取你的观点的。
至于中间段落的展开(development)则需要大家学习积累一些常用的段落展开方法,比如举例法、比较法、因果法等。
结尾
文章结尾段落虽然并不像开头和中间段落那样重要,然而没有结尾的文章是不完整的,不符合基本写作要求。所以考生在考场上一定要在结尾处再次声明自己观点(restatement), 或者提出新的希望,或者提出解决问题的方案,从而让考官有一种善始善终的良好印象。如果考生能做到以上几点,那么我们的作文构思就是比较成功了。
托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析:男女学生要分开上学吗?
托福写作难点话题一览
Should boys and girls attend separate schools?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Boys and girls should attend separate schools. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
写作思路展开结构分析
这道题目可能大家初看到会很难想到展开的点。按照现在的观点来看重视男女平等可能选择不支持分校会比较好写,理由也是现成的,就是男女应该平等不能区别对待,当然大家也可以从反对早恋这样比较传统的观点来支持分校来展开,只要给出的理由能够站得住脚就行。
本话题高分范文赏析
In my country, China, many people in a sense live in a ridiculous culture where young boys and girls should never say “love” to each other. Moreover, it is absolutely a shame that such affairs happen in campus. To avoid alleged shame or danger of it, some people assert that boys and girls should attend separate schools.
The point is, is there anything wrong when a little boy says “I love you” to a little girl? Gone are the days when “love” was a forbidden word in our culture, it has now, nevertheless, actually quite different connotations from that of the word in western society. It can be seen that people in Hollywood movies often say “I love you” to almost everyone naturally, readily and easily, including friends, family members, partners in work, even an unknown taxi driver! But in China, not surprisingly, many people have never said “I love you” to their parents, even seldom to their mates or children. “Love”, in Chinese word, does in fact carry subtle connotations related to immoral affairs.
It seems not a problem of is there anything wrong, but one of there must be something wrong if a teenager dares to say anything about “love!”
Even if there must be something wrong when a teenager falls into love, is it something so appalling even evil that adults have to take action to prevent or even fight? Did we ever discover any prudent evidence which clearly prove it is really something bad? Hardly. It is in fact quite natural that a little boy admire a beautiful girl or a little girl feels a smart boy appealing. And such emotions do not harm anything. Alleged “puppy love” simply is a nonsense concept invented by ignorance. Girls and boys actually do not even know what love is!
Perhaps they merely imitate behaviors of adults around them. What we adults should do is not to make them believe “love” is evil, but to teach them what true love really means. Regrettably, those adults never realize that they actually fail to assume their responsibility, but presumptuously believe they are capable of eliminating Jove among boys and girls by separating them into different school. It will never work. Separate school once was one of evil signs of discrimination of women, but today reemerges to prevent “love affairs” among teenagers—a high school in Beijing recently announced that it has already separated girls from boys into different classes. I can hardly imagine any benefit that such a scheme could produce except for further distortions of teenagers' natures.
托福写作:生活习惯的考试题目
To be successful on study or work, what do you think is more important, have the ability to adapt to new conditions or continue to study?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: grandparents’ experiences have no use to children because fifty years have passed by and the world has changed.
Should people always have no reason to be impolite to others?
Should people strive to gain prestige rather than money?
Do people living in suburban areas take care of family members more carefully than people living in big cities?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: it is not better for people to remove to a new city or country because they would lose former friends.
When people are in face of disputed topics, should people use emails and short messages or directing way of talking to communicate with others?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: the most influential problems to the society can be solved by the contemporary generation.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: people should make quick decision rather than wait for the opportunities patiently.
The personal and work-related challenges that young people face today are not any different from the challenges their parents and grandparents faced when they were young.
Some people believe that people should follow their ambitious dreams and goals even they are not realistic; others believe that people should focus on achieving realistic goals. What’s your opinion and why? Use specific reasons to support your answer.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statements? Since most people can solve their problems by themselves or with the help from their families, the help from government is often not necessary. Use specific reasons to support your answer.
The way a person is dressed in is a good indication of his/her character or personality.
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is important to know about what is happening around the world, even if it does not affect your personal lives. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
篇4:托福写作高分技巧
托福写作高分技巧
方法1:压缩审题的时间
如果说独立写作是闭卷考试,那么你花上3~5分钟的时间去审题,去构思,是很必要的。但是,实际情况是,独立写作是开卷考试,首先题库公开,它的题型和题材都不会超出题库的范围,你总会在题库中找到类似的题目,加之机经的强大力量,使得托福独立写作真的成了开卷考试。既然是开卷考试,大家就应该把审题的工作放到考试之前做,争取在1分钟之内完成,不要浪费时间,把时间用来打字,而不是思考上面。那些思维风暴、切题思路之类的,应该是事先已经准备过,训练过的。如果考到了从来没接触过的题,只能说明没有准备到位,如果审题时间超过了2 分钟,那么准备也没有到位,这就是开卷考试的备考思维,满分不是临场发挥出来的,而是准备出来的。
方法2:提炼自己的模板
假设你的文章字数是 400字,那么你大概要写40~50个句子。把这40~50个句子,排成编号,从第1个到第40个,也就是从文章的第一句话到最后一句话,你都知道要写什么,并且知道怎么写,甚至每个句子你都掌握了2~3个漂亮的句式,这样你还担心自己拿不到高分吗?再假设,这40~50个句子,你有50%都已经是固定句式了,也就是成了自己的写作套路,那么你还愁文章写不完么?比如说,在文章最后一句话 说 :In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that……+观点,给个真题例子:In a word, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers.用一句话说,简单地认为父母是最好的老师是相当肤浅的。大家想一想,任何事情simply say都可以说是相当肤浅的。因此这句话就是一句比较万能的结束语。
方法3:压缩题库
题库中一共有185个题目,如果说每个题目都准备一篇范文是相当不可取的,效率太低,完全没有必要,压缩题库的方法主要有2种:A.将题库分类。每个分类写1~2篇就可以解决这个类的题目。 B.文章之间的互相转化。
托福综合写作备考3大常见误区
所谓的托福综合写作就是大家在托福考试作文部分要完成的第一部分。先给你两分钟时间阅读材料,紧接着听一篇材料(材料内容与阅读内容相关)。最后,大家的任务就是根据前面两份材料所获得的信息写一篇200词左右的文章,文章内容是对前面两份材料的总结。听起来很简单哦!确实,相比于独立写作,综合写作是托福写作中相对简单的一部分,这也导致很多童鞋并不注重这部分的练习,考出来的分数往往不够理想。还有相当一部分童鞋们,在备考过程中没有仔细查看各项要求,在综合写作部分走入了很大的误区。今天,小编就来为大家总结一下托福综合写作部分几大常见的误区。
误区一、字数超出会扣分
很多同学在综合写作部分都会紧扣200词这一数字,认为超出这一数字会导致扣分。其实不然,在托福官方指南中,关于综合写作的字数要求描述如下:Suggested length is between 150 and 225 words. You will not be penalized if you write more, so long as what you write answers the question.根据以上文字描述,我们不难发现,字数并不是综合写作当中的扣分项,重要的是根据两段材料把问题阐释清楚。
误区二、套用模板
模板是中国考生在备考托福中不可避免接触到的一大内容,不可否认,模板在初学阶段可以让我们迅速地了解文章结构,引导我们学习如何去写一篇托福综合写作。但是,托福的综合写作只有区区两百个词左右,大家不妨回头看看自己的模板,一旦套用模板,真正需要你自己书写的内容就相当有限了。在规定的时间内,如果把大量的时间花在回忆模板、书写模板上,势必会导致文章质量的下降。这样的文章,与其说是综合写作,不如说是对两份材料的一个固定套路总结,是十分不可取的做法。
误区三、听力材料听得不仔细
很多参加托福的考试考生对于综合写作的听力部分都是抱着“差不多”的心态,只求听懂大意即可,这种行为是万万不可取的!综合写作的听力材料内容较之听力部分简单一些,但考试对这两部分听力的要求却截然不同。在听力部分,考生只需要对材料中有用的考点听出来,并能准确答题即可。综合写作的听力则与之完全不同,对听到内容要求更高、更细致,要能够根据听到的内容总结听力材料所要表述的逻辑,这对听力的要求必然提高,要求考生做到“精听、细听”,而非考生认为的“差不多就行”。
篇5:托福写作审题的技巧
托福写作审题的技巧
There are different types of TOEFL questions. You never know which question you will receive, so you must be prepared to write on ALL the types of questions. It is very important that you completely understand the question BEFORE you begin to write. Below are some different essay question types.
1. Choose a point of view and support that view.
Example: Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with? Use specific reasons and details to explain your answer.
This type of question asks you to look at only ONE side of the issue…the side you agree with. DON’T write about both sides. You tell which side you agree with and support your ideas with details and examples.
2. Describe something.
Example: If you could invent something NEW, what product would you develop? Use specific details to explain why this invention is needed?
In answering this type of question, you MUST be creative. It asks you to describe something NEW, something that does not exist. You must describe it in detail AND tell why it is necessary.
3. Compare two points of view and tell which one you agree with.
Example: Some people think that children should begin their formal education at a very early age and should spend most of their time on school studies. Others believe that young children should spend most of their time playing. Compare these two views. Which view do you agree with? Why?
In this type of question, you must write about BOTH sides of this issue and then tell which side you agree with. You may NOT say that you agree with both sides. You MUST make a choice. First, give support, details and examples of both sides of the issue. Then, tell which side you agree with and why.
4. Agree or disagree with something.
Example: Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: ONLY people who earn a lot of money are successful. Do you agree or disagree with this definition of success? Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
In this type of question, you MUST agree or disagree. You cannot be unsure or indecisive. After you have said whether you agree or disagree, you must give convincing reasons and examples for your choice.
5. Explain why something is true.
Example: People remember special gifts or presents that they have received. Why? Give specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
In this question, you should use lots of examples. (For this question, you would use examples of gifts one might receive and tell why those gifts are memorable). Do not write in the first person, “I.” Write in more general terms.
6. Support an idea or plan.
Example: It has recently been announced that a new restaurant may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
In this question, first tell whether you support or oppose the plan and then tell why. Since this question is somewhat personal, it is ok to use personal pronouns such as: “I, me, my” in your answer.
托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析:学文科比理科更重要?
托福写作难点话题一览
Is it more important for students to study history and literature than to study science and mathematics?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is more important for students to study history and literature than it is for them to study science and mathematics. Use specific reasons and examples to support your opinion.
写作思路展开结构分析
不能同意。这是个没有答案的比较 (it is a meaningless comparison; it is a comparison without definite answer)。学习历史文学确实很重要,但是说比学习科学数学更重要就没有什么道理了。 对不同的人,有不同的重要标准。考生可以建立自己的立场:所有的人都应该具备最基础的知识。
本话题高分范文赏析
I think that these academic subjects are equal to each other; one is not better or more important than the other. First of all, it is important for students to take the classes which they will excel at. If all students were to take history and literature, half of them would do terribly. Not all students have a literary mind; in fact, only about half of them do. Having a scientifically based mind is no better or worse than the alternative. It's hard to imagine that all the students are learning history and literature while no one study science and mathematics. If this was the case, a major portion of the world's knowledge would be lost. Science and mathematics students are constantly making important breakthroughs in their fields of research. If the number of students taking these subjects dramatically dropped because they were told it was less important than other subjects, this research would come to a grinding halt. Science and mathematics students come up with much of the theories behind how the world works, which are vastly important to society.In fact, students should be encouraged to take all subjects because there is no way of measuring which coursesare “better” than others. Everything a person can study has its own unique value. Whether this value is based on personal beliefs or the beliefs of society at large, everything is important in some way or another. Moreover, most academic disciplines are in fact interrelated. For example, historians sometimes have to employ some statistical knowledge while they are doing their research. At the same time, computer programmers will have a better understanding of their field if they are familiar about the history of computer science.One must take the courses one finds interesting, and not base his/her decisions on what others say are important. History and literature can be seen as a link to the past, whereas science and mathematics can be viewed as a link to the future. In this sense, no one is more relevant than the other because each field produces insights that the other has no way of grasping.
托福写作高分满分范文点评和思路解析:中学生要学习艺术音乐吗?
托福写作难点话题一览
Should all students be required to study art and music in secondary school?
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? All students should be required to study art and music in secondary school. Use specific reasons to support your answer.
写作思路展开结构分析
尽管All是绝对修饰词,不过要注意,是secondary school(中学)。所以,不妨同意。因为仍然处于义务教育 (compulsory education)阶段。学习音乐艺术也是一种很好的休息,对所有的人都有好处。而且学科之间是相通的(interrelated; interlinked),审美观念( aesthetic standards)的塑造对每个人、每种职业都很重要。另外这样也可以提高国民整体的文化素质 (审美方法 aesthetic approach; 审美观念 aesthetic standards; 审美教育 aesthetic education; 审美模式 aesthetic model; 审美能力 aesthetic judgment; 审美学 aesthetics; 审美意识 aesthetic consciousness)
本话题高分范文赏析
The authorities at secondary schools must make very important decisions regarding what will be considered to be the required curriculum for their students. I believe that art and music should be part of this required curriculum. Studying art and music makes a person more diverse and thoughtful. When one studies art and music, one is exposed to many different cultures and points of view. It allows the audience to perceive the world through a different set of eyes. It is also an excellent way to spark interest in other cultures and diverse ways of life. This promotes understanding and tolerance of others. It is also a porthole to peer into areas of many cultures, including one's own, that one would not readily have access to. This includes everything from social life to metaphysics to philosophy, etc. Furthermore, these subjects give the students an outlet for expressing their turbulent emotions during puberty.Art and music are also an excellent way to express emotions. In ancient times, many a troubled man turned to brush work or Chinese classical music to work out difficulties with life. Students of today's modern world have similar issues with life, and need an outlet to express these. Art and music, in any form, can assist one in dealing with personal issues. In addition, viewing art and listening to music are excellent ways to relax. When I am stressed because of life, one of my favorite activities is painting while listening to my preferred music. I find this activity to be very soothing and calming. Looking at works of art can have a similar effect, and when one understands the philosophy behind the work, it is that much more beneficial.Therefore, I believe that studying art and music in secondary school can be nothing but beneficial for the students. I would encourage all school districts to make these subjects part of their required curriculums.
篇6:托福写作话题展开技巧
托福写作话题展开技巧分享 遵循3个破题原则就能有话可说
托福作文破题技巧:列举双观点撑起文章结构
托福写作的基本原则就是一定要找好写的方向,而不是另辟蹊径、试图做到一鸣惊人。因为托福写作考察的是语言的应用能力,而不是学生的思想高度。另外,如果看到一个题目,觉得某一个观点好写,但是只能想到一个观点,那么就赶紧从另外一个角度展开,看能否想到两个观点。终极目标就是选择的角度能够拓展出两个观点,撑起两个主体段。
托福作文破题技巧:列好提纲再开始填充内容
选对破题思路非常的重要,因为只有一开始方向对了,才能往下越走越顺,否则写到最后会步履维艰。因此,在拿到题目后,不妨花个2~3分钟时间,构思下自己的思路,再下笔也不迟。总好过写到一半,发现后面写不下去了,进退两难,最后硬着头皮编下去,因为这样的文章很容易跑偏,而且很难将字数写上去。
托福作文破题技巧:一面倒写法也需要反转
除了双观点写法以外,现在一面倒的写法也是比较流行的,那就是自从一个角度把观点一路拓展写下去的方法,否定就否定到底,支持就支持到最后。这样的写法从写作思路上来说是比较简单的,但大家破题以后还需要注意留一个反转的余地,那就是适当认可一下自己反对观点存在的正确性,简单来说就是虽然某某观点有很多问题但还是有一点可取之处的。用这种方式来做一个小的反转,能让你的论述更具有客观性和包容性。
托福写作解析:agree or disagree
托福独立写作练习题目:
Children rely too much on the technology, like computers, smart phones, video games for fun and entertainment. Playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better for children' s development.
孩子们过多地依赖科技(比如电脑、智能手机和电子游戏)来娱乐。玩简单点的玩具或者与朋友一起在外面玩对孩子们的发展更好。
写作参考思路:
观点:
电脑、智能手机等电子设备遍及每个家庭,孩子们在这里面花的时间越来越多。有人认为在玩简单点的玩具或者和朋友一起在外面玩才有助于孩子们的发展。但是我的观点截然相反。
Opinion:
As electronic devices like computers and smart phones are popular in every home, children have spent more and more time on them. With growing concerns about children's future development, some people think playing simpler toys or playing outside with friends would be better. However, I do hold a different view.
理由1:
随着科技的进步,电子产品的功能越来越强大,客户体验也越来越好。所以孩子们从电脑、智能手机和电子游戏中获得的乐趣比他们在简单的玩具或在外面玩中所获得的要多。
Reason 1:
With the development of technology, electronic products are becoming more and more powerful, and customer experience is improved as well. In this way, children can get more fun and joy from these products than that from playing simpler toys or playing outside.
理由2:
现在,互联网教育(比如可汗学院)越来越被人们认可。孩子们通过电脑或智能手机来学知识,已是非常正常的现象。甚至还有些电子游戏,其设计目标就是锻炼孩子们的思维等能力。
Reason 2:
Nowadays, Internet Education such as Khan Academy is increasingly acknowledged by people. It is a common phenomenon for children to learn knowledge through computers or smart phones. There are even some video games that are designed to practice children’s ability of thinking and other abilities.
总结:
科技使生活更美好。只要家长和学校正确引导孩子,不让他们沉迷其中,那么这些电子产品会对孩子们的发展起到积极作用。
Summary:
Technology makes life better. As long as parents and the school work together and guide correctly to prevent their children from getting addicted, these electronic products would have positive influences on their development.
Tip
对于“agree or disagree”的题目,同学们的中心观点可以是同意(agree),可以是不同意(disagree),也可以是是视情况而定(it depends)。
参考提纲的中心观点就是不同意(disagree),如果中心观点是同意(agree),那么可以考虑从以下角度进行分析阐述:
1.电脑、手机、电子游戏等都是虚拟的,玩现实中的玩具更能锻炼动手能力;
2.和朋友一起去外面玩,既可以接触大自然、锻炼身体,还可以加深友谊、认识更多的人
3.……
托福写作解析:Money and success
托福写作练习题目:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Only people who earn a lot of money are successful. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
写作思路分析:
不能同意。Only是绝对修饰词。
确实,往往成功的一个表象是金钱的多少。
钱不是衡量成功的唯一的标准。黑社会分子(members of criminal syndicate)、一些黑心的商人(evil-minded businessman)。
有些职业收入远不如其他行业,比如,我国的教师,护士。
成功的定义更应该基于社会贡献:甘地(Gandhi)就身无分文(without a cash in his pocket);特蕾莎修女( Nurse Theresa )也是好例子。
不同意挣了很多钱的人是成功的
(1)钱不代表一切。很多人非常富有,但是是因为他们的成就,人们才认为他成功/
(2)有些人非常贫穷,如有些科学家,但是他们作出了巨大的成就,被认为所纪念,他们虽然没有钱,也一样成功的
(3)有些人虽然挣了很多钱,但是都是非法的,所以他们并不成功。
参考范文:
Money and success
Since people's criteria for success differ, there is much debate over whether only those who make a lot of money are successful. As far as I am concerned, in today's society that stresses on individual achievement, money provides the best evaluation of one's accomplishment.
To begin with, as a standardized measurement used for comparing values, money is objective rather than subjective, so it is considered an authentic reflection of one's achievement. As different people hold different understandings of success, assessing the amount of one's earnings has become universally accepted as a rule to measure one's success. Each year, Fortune Magazine publishes a special issue to rank the top 100 most successful people throughout the world according to their yearly income, because there are no other methods to rely on.
In addition, the amount of money one makes is the consequence of one's hard work and talent. To deny the accomplishment wealth brings is equal to deny the sources from which it springs. In the past, I only believed in spiritual values and then leapt rashly to the conclusion that the best thing in life involves no money at all. It is my uncle who showed me the significance of money and changed my opinion. He told me he respected money and made it a goal to strive for in his way towards success. Because he would have to pay a price for it in terms of time, thought and energy. Gradually, I came to realize it is the mental and physical labor he devotes in the process of making money that paves his way for selfaccomplishment, and thus deserves appreciation and respect.
Finally, money is the most powerful possession in one's lifetime. As everyone knows, success is the ability to do whatever one wants to and to be satisfied with oneself. There is hardly anything that can be done without a certain amount of money. Indeed, with money, one can meet his or her material demand in life, such as taking effective medicines, living in magnificent houses, eating various delicious food, and so on. Also, with money, one can do a lot of meaningful things to benefit others, such as donations to poor people. All these will not only satisfy one's need for personal fulfillment, but also add grandness to one's success.
In conclusion, money serves as a measurement of one's achievement. But we should keep in mind that only those who obtain money by hardworking and use it to benefit the society are really successful.
托福写作解析:Member vs leader
一、托福写作练习题目:
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? It is better to be a member of a group than to be the leader of a group. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.
二、写作思路分析
讨论做leader的好处:主动,可以操纵更多的资源,获得更多;缺点:风险大
讨论做member的好处:安逸;没有风险;缺点:收获较小
做leader和member一定程度上与一个人的性格有关。
另外,还要看是做什么的group。视情况而定。
不同意,应当成为团队的领袖
(1)当领袖有责任感,领袖总是要做最多的工作,这激励着自己能把事情作好。
(2)锻炼自己的团队合作能力。
(3)能够学到更多的知识。
三、参考范文
Member vs. leader
According to my opinion, it is always better to be a leader than a follower. True leader show initiative. They take actions and they assume responsibilities. A leader makes a decision. Some followers may approve of the decision, others may complain about it. However, these followers all chose to follow, not to lead. They chose not to make a decision. That's how I am different. I am not a follower. I want to make decisions.
A good leader will not react to events, but will anticipate them. A leader will start a plan of action and then will persuade others to follow. For example, a class president at a local college may feel that the relationship between the community and the campus is not a good one. The citizens may feel that the college kids make too much noise on the street, litter public areas, and shop in other communities. A good class president will recognize that the community and the campus depend on one another. The president will ask the student body to keep noise down, help clean up the neighborhood, and work with businesses to attract students. A good leader takes the initiative.
Good leaders must be action-oriented. Having taken the initiative, they must see the job though. They have to take charge and lead the followers. They have to motivate and encourage the followers. The followers (in this example, the student body) must understand why good relations with the community are necessary. The followers must be persuaded to do something about it.
I enjoy taking the initiative, determining the direction, and being responsible for my actions. I do not want to suffer through other people's stupid decisions. If there are going to be stupid ways to do something, let them be mine. Would not you agree?
篇7:托福写作提升八大技巧
托福写作提升八大技巧
托福写作提升技巧之语法
语法突破:其中必备四大语法结构即是:①句子结构 ②从句 ③非谓语动词 ④倒装、强调、平行结构、一致
托福写作提升技巧之词汇
词汇要求:按笔者对托福写作题认真分析和多次参加托福考试经验,我认为词汇的要求应该是4000—5000个积极词汇。其中,学习词汇三个重中之重便是:①动宾搭配。 ②介宾搭配。 ③修饰原则。 此乃应对新托福写作词汇要求之三大利器。
托福写作提升技巧之思路拓展
思路拓展:有的考生英语水平虽好,但常常苦于没有思路。那针对这种情况,我们对思路扩展提出两种方法,能迅速有效帮助学生解决这个问题。①归类法+②总括法
托福写作提升技巧之审题
审题原则:如何审题,决定了你是否能在有效时间内迅速进入状态。对此,我们制定出审题三原则:①定位 ②概括 ③分类
托福写作提升技巧之结构安排
结构安排:清晰的结构将使阅卷人对你留下一个好的印象。除此,你也能更加有效的安排自己的段落。三种方法助你一臂之力:1平衡式2倾向式3一波三折式
托福写作提升技巧之范文分析
对满分作文的有效分析将帮助你迅速建立起自己的语库和资料源。对范文分析,其方向有五:
①词的使用 ②句的联系 ③段落安排 ④逻辑构造 ⑤整体一致
托福写作提升技巧之模板
模板使用:针对综合写作和独立写作,我们众多教师会分门别类帮助大家建立起自己模板库。这样,你不仅可在考场上节约大量时间,也可冲击高分。其中,模板共分三类:
①通用模板 ②专用模板 ③分类模板
托福写作提升技巧之练习讲评
英文有曰:The taste of pudding is in eating.对写作,唯有通过大量练习,不断修改,我们才能体会其真正的奥秘。因此,环球的课堂上给大家提供了大量的练习机会。通过写作,修改,讲评三部曲,相信大家一定会达到从量变到质变的飞跃。
托福考试作文范例:技术创新改变世界
托福考试作文题目:
Directions:
The independent essay usually asks for your opinion about a familiar topic. You will have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your response. Typically, a good essay for the independent topic will require that you write 300–350 words.
Question:
Advances in transportation and communication like the airplane and the telephone have changed the way that nations interact with each other in a global society. Choose another technological innovation that you think is important. Give specific reasons for your choice.
托福考试作文参考分析:
要求考生通过定位,概括和分类仔细审题,就某个问题写一篇感想,或就一个事件进行阐述,解释以及论证自己的观点,列出提纲明确主题并围绕主题来写作和修改文章。
托福考试作文范文
Although internet came into being about 2 decades ago, it has changed the way we live much more than the last 200 years. Its influence on business, communication and information is so profound that people now simply can't live without it.
Based on the development of internet, a lot of new types of business ranging from international conglomerate to regional small online shops are also established. The most famous internet based international conglomerate would be Google. Companies like this basically do not sell products but their service. This changed the traditional way of doing business which always involved some concrete products sell to people. Internet opens a cyber world in which a huge market is untapped. Besides large companies, internet also prospers small businesses. For example, local stores can do their business online. All they have to do is to create a website of their own and all customers need to do is to go to their websites and order what they want. Then they just need wait at home for the products they just purchased to be delivered. This way, we never need to worry about the traditional exhausting shopping.
Internet also fundamentally changed the way people communicate. There are a lot of chatting programs, such as MSN, YAHOO MESSENGER, SKYPE, that make it possible for people from different parts of the world to have a conversation with each other as long as everyone has access to internet. They even provide audio and video services meaning not only people can chat, but also they can hear and see each other. Besides that, what really makes them appealing is that they don't charge us for doing these things. These advantages definitely surpass the service that mobile phone provides us.
Internet is also like a huge tank that can contain almost infinite information. A search has shown that right now the information that internet can provide us exceeds any library in the world and some even argue that it has more information than all the libraries in total. I certainly wouldn't doubt that. I use internet to search for a lot of information. Whenever I have an project to finish, the first thing I do is to go to the internet to find relevant materials.
There is no doubt that internet has had a fundamental change on our everyday life. Though there are many problems that accompany with it, we can't deny that internet is one of the most innovations in human history.
托福考试作文范例:出国留学经历的利弊分析
托福考试作文题目:
The independent essay usually asks for your opinion about a familiar topic. You will have 30 minutes to plan, write, and revise your response. Typically, a good essay for the independent topic will require that you write 300–350 words.
Question:
You are planning to study abroad. What do you think you will like and dislike about this experience? Why? Use specific reasons and details to support your answer.
托福考试作文参考分析:
本题要求考生通过定位,概括和分类仔细审题,就某个问题写一篇感想,或就一个事件进行阐述,解释以及论证自己的观点,列出提纲明确主题并围绕主题来写作和修改文章。
托福考试作文范文:
My mother once told me that she could always find my eyes shining at the mention of going abroad for further education. There is no denying the fact that I have strong desire of my oversea trip and have planed of it for a long period since I began my high school time. In fact, I am only a typical example of those young students who have the some dream. A result of recent survey, released by a famous magazine in my hometown showed that more than 72 percent local high school students has pleasant association with studying abroad. Anyway, such decisions can benefit a young man a great deal while it is not without its problems.
Will oversea colleges and universities, especially those in America, provide Chinese student a more refined education? The data I select over this year leads to me believe that the answer is undoubtedly positive, since those abroad universities, which enjoy high reputations world-widely, have faculty and advanced facility. It is the education with totally different conceptions that will exert positively influence on one by widening his or her horizon, whereby he/she can put him/herself in a favorable position in the future job markets.
Secondly, which is another conspicuous advantage of the oversea life, it can bring one friends from a variety of countries. Seldom can one have an adjust judgement to a remote nation without consorting with the people from that area. As my cousin, who has been living in England for over seven years, pointed out, she learns a lot from her foreign friends.
However, we immature students should be blind to the dilemma we may face toward in the future. Living in a foreign country means one should try hard to adapt him/herself to a new environment and, in addition, probably have to suffer from the segregation with family.
After the both sides of abroad life are viewed, it is time to draw my conclusion. In short, the study in a foreign university will be a precious experience to a young man as long as he/she can overcome the difficulty he/she may encounter.
英语写作
篇8:托福写作的四大技巧
一、阅读:寻找核心句和关键词,切忌word by word。
英美人写文章的总体逻辑可以概括为总分或总分总。而托福综合写作的阅读材料多为前者布局,且多为四段式(首段总起,三段分别展开)。 首段主要用来提供背景信息或者提出话题,(注意:阅读和听力是同一个话题,极少考到观点相互补,多为观点相对立。)而作者的立场或论点多位于首段的最后一句,聪明的考生会把注意力多集中于首段的尾句,确定作者的立论点,从而对于下一阶段的听力大致话题和论述做到心中有底。 随后的段落即展开给出作者之所以立论的三个分论点或论据,在单个的段落当中,又遵循了西方人惯有的总分模式,单个段落的首句多为topic sentence,考生可以只关注三个段落的首句以快速获取段落主要内容,从而避免全文通读速度不够而导致的来不及看完阅读。
二、听力:判断说话人立场,记录观点和支持性论据
听力环节的笔记很重要,是决定综合写作能否顺利完成的关键因素。没有经过训练或者疏于练习的同学会对于该记什么无从下手,结果就是笔记做了,自己看不懂,或者笔记太过凌乱,毫无可利用性。 要知道听力该记什么怎么记,此时应当牢记心里的仍然是西方人的逻辑性。“总分”表明了在听力的开始段是表明说话者立场和论点的,那么按照我们之前分析的,阅读和听力必然是同主题,所以听力开始时候大家不必忙着乱记一通,事实上,什么都不用写,镇定情绪,听清说话者的立场即可。 接着,和阅读中相似,说话者会从三个方面阐述支持自己的观点,很多情况下,这三点和阅读中的三点是刚好契合,一一对应的。但听力三方面的分论据往往是从阅读中无法推断的,所以分论点及论据是需要同学进行笔记的,应当记的是key words,切忌洋洋洒洒想记全一句话,最后自己也难以读懂。
三、想办法提高自己的记忆容量。
各位考生不妨观察一下自己抄写英文句子的情况。大多数未经训练的第二语言学习者很可能都是每写下一个词就要回去重新读一次才能继续抄下去——有的时候甚至可能需要每写一个字母就要返回文本重看一眼才能继续。这说明此人的记忆容量只能容纳一个词(或者甚至连一个词都容纳不了)。 记忆容量大的人理解文本更为容易,又因为能够理解所以记忆文本更加容易,进而又因为能够记得住而联系上下文更为轻松,而记忆容量过小的人基本上连看完一篇文章都非常吃力。 不过,只要稍加训练,记忆容量就会扩充至足够用的地步。迅速将自己的英文记忆容量提高到“够用”的地步,最好的方法就是通过“跟读”、“朗读”训练平日积累。因为朗读可以非常有效而又迅速地提高文字理解能力。这很关键,记不住的最重要原因并非“记忆力差”——无论记忆力多好,都很难记住无法理解、无法关联 的信息——听得懂才容易记得住。
四、是大家比较关心的模板问题。
综合写作中,要将阅读和听力观点整合起来时,如果在准备阶段备有一套好用的模板,那么就是如虎添翼了。建议考生应当备有自己独一无二的模板,通过对同义换词,句型多变,做到集多个好模板于一身,又毫无雷同的独家模板。
如何有效利用托福写作备考资料
托福写作备考资料是非常重要的资料,那么我们该如何有效利用托福写作备考资料呢?今天,正在阅读文章的你带来了托福写作备考资料的使用方法,相信接下来的内容一定可以帮助同学们达成提高头发作文分数的目标!
在给考生介绍托福写作备考资料用法之前,考生首先要清楚,托福写作备考资料其实并非完全的备考资料还原,是由参加考试的考生一点一滴回忆起来的,每一次考试结束,会有很多学生将考试的内容回忆出来,在网络上与大家分享,这就组成了备考资料,因此考生对于托福备考资料不可过分迷信,充分的托福写作备考以及练习还是必须的。由于托福写作分为独立写作和综合写作两个部分,因此,在给大家介绍托福写作备考资料用法的时候会为考生单独介绍。希望接下来的内容能够帮助大家提高托福作文的分数!
第一步,我们要对托福写作备考资料中的题目进行分类。
虽然独立写作部分貌似考过特别多的题目,但是其实就其题型来说,主要可以分为三大类,绝对词类,比较类和隐藏绝对词类,针对每一类的题目都可以确定一种文章框架。有了这个框架,即使写作基础不是很好的学生也不至于写跑题,能保证一个基本的分数。
第二步,确定每一类题目的文章框架,然后反复的练习,知道熟练掌握为止。
框架的好处除了确保逻辑合理且不跑题之外,它还往往是最容易入手的解题点。这样能够是同学们有话说,不至于出现字数不够的情况;
第三步,对题目进行主题分类之后,我们一定要自己总结出用的最多的理由,然后结合自己的经历,写成100到200字左右的段子。 之所以强调自己的经历是因为,只有记自己的东西才是最快和最牢固的。很多学生累死累活的去记忆所谓的好词好句,其实收效真的是微乎其微的;
第四步,根据上述分类和高频理由,开始练习托福独立写作。
第五步,反复修改;
最好是找英语水平比较好而且对考试也算了解的人改,帮助自己找出错误,确定哪些地方需要提高,然后,制定处改进的方案。
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