名词性宾语从句语法讲解

时间:2024-01-26 07:23:47 其他范文 收藏本文 下载本文

名词性宾语从句语法讲解(集锦6篇)由网友“flydog2001”投稿提供,下面是小编为大家准备的名词性宾语从句语法讲解,欢迎阅读借鉴。

名词性宾语从句语法讲解

篇1:名词性宾语从句语法讲解

1.连接代词who,whom, whose, what, which, whoever,whatever, whichever

连接副词 where, when, how,why

e.g. Do you know what time it is?

He asked whose bike this was.

I’ll tell you why I asked you to come.

You can call me whatever you like.

2. 从属连词whether/ if

e.g. I doubt whether he will succeed or not.

Please let me know whether you want to go.

3. 从属连词that(通常可以省略)

e.g. I know (that) he has returned.

He told us (that) he felt ill.

注意:

连词that引导的名词性从句很少作介词的宾语,只用在

except,but等极少数介词后,此时that不能省略。

本文载自微信公众号“英语语法学习”。本文已获授权,版权归作者所有,如需转载,请联系原微信公众号“英语语法学习”。

公众号:英语语法学习

篇2:高考英语名词性从句语法知识点讲解

主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句

作及物动词宾语作介词宾语

that一般不省略可以省略一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略

Whether/if(是否)放于句首时只用whether用whether/if均可,但有区别只用whether只用whether只用whether

特殊疑问词注意语序要用陈述语序

名词性关系从句注意语序要用陈述语序

一、that 从句

1、主语从句

(1)that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:

It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural, surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certain,probable,etc.)+that从句

It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句

It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句

(2)that可以省略,但that从句位于句首时,that不能省略。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think, make, consider等,可以用it作形式宾语。

(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语,偶尔可作except, in 的宾语。

3、表语从句(that不可省略)

4、同位语从句

连词that引导同位语从句时,应在某些抽象名词之后,如:fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility等,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,that在从句中不担当任何成分,不能省略。

二、whether/if从句

1、在表语从句和同位语从句中只能用whether不能用if;当主语从句放于句首时,只能用whether不用if;当it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末时用whether或if均可;discuss后引导宾语从句时,必须用whether。

2、在宾语从句中:

(1)及物动词后:whether从句中不能有否定式,宾语从句为否定句时用if;if不能与or not连用,但可以用whether or not;whether后可以加不定式。

(2)介词后:只能用whether,不用if。

三、特殊疑问词引导的从句

1、主语从句:特殊疑问词引导主语从句时,常用it作形式主语。

2、宾语从句

(1)常见的能接特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句的动词有see, tell, ask, answer, know, decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand, inform, advise等。

(2)作介词宾语。

3、同位语从句、表语从句

四、名词性关系从句

What=the thing(s) which/that, whoever=anyone who, whichever=anyone/anything that, whatever=anything that, where=the place where, when=the time when

五、名词性从句的几个难点

(一)that不可省略的情况

1、主语从句,that从句置于句首时;

2、当一个句子有两个或多个并列的宾语从句时,引导第二和以后几个从句的that不可省略;

3、由it作形式宾语时,that引导的宾语从句中,that不可以省略。

(二)wh-ever与no matter wh-的用法区别

Wh-ever既可引导名词性从句,又可引导让步状语从句;而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句。

(三)as if/though, because, why可以引导表语从句

注意:because引导的表语从句,主语不能是reason或cause,而且since,as不能引导表语从句。

(四)that引导的同位语从句与关系代词that引导的定语从句的区别

That引导的同位语从句成分是完整的,that在从句中不担当任何成分;that引导的定语从句成分是残缺的,that在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语。

名词性从句的用法讲解
引导名词性从句的连接词 1、连接词:that,whether,if2、连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.3、连接副词:when, where, how, why
名词性that-从句 1、由从属连词that引导的从句叫做名词性that-从句。2、That-从句作主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末
名词性wh-从句 1、由wh-词引导的名词从句叫做名词性wh-从句。2、Wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it做形式主语,而将wh-从句置于句末
if,whether引导的名词从句 1、yes-no型疑问从句 2、选择性疑问从句
否定转移 1、将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中2、将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。3、有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。

篇3:高中英语名词性从句语法

B) 在主语从句中,只有用it 作形式主语时, whether和if 都能引导主语从句, 否则, 也只能用whether。如:

Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.

It hasn’t been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.

C) 在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略) 如:

It all depends (on) whether they will support us.

D) 后面直接跟动词不定式时。如:

He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.

E) 后面紧接or not 时。如:

We didn’t know whether or not

she was ready.

② 关联词if, whether均可使用的情况如下:

A) 引导宾语从句。如:

I wonder if (whether) the news is

true or not.

B) 在 “be+形容词” 之后。如:

He was not sure whether (if) it is

right or wrong.

宾语从句要注意的几个问题

? 1. 时态呼应

? 2. 否定转移:

? 3. 形式宾语it的使用

注:在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词之后,宾语从句中谓语的否定常转移到主句的谓语上。

I don’t think he will see you.

I don’t believe he will go.

注:在接复合宾语的句子中( S+Vt+O+Oc), 为了保持句子平衡, 用it 作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾, 常接复合宾语的动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think...

I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.

I think it a pity to waste the food

表语从句的用法

在复合句中用作表语的从句是表语从句, 引导表语从句的关联词与引导主语从句的关联词大致一样,表语从句位于连系动词后,有时用as if引导。其基本结构为:主语 + 系动词 + that从句。

That’s what we should do.

That’s why I want to see you.

1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句:

My suggestion is that we should go shopping.

It seems that it is going to rain.

2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。

It looks as if it’s going to rain.

It was because I got up late.

3. 在非正式文体中,引导表语从句的that可以省略。如:

The trouble is (that) he is ill.

注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时, 引导词只能用that,不能用because,如:他迟到的原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。

The reason why he was late was that he didn’t catch the early bus.

同位语从句

同位语从句一般跟在名词fact, news, promise, truth, belief, thought, idea, answer, information, knowledge, doubt, hope, law, opinion, plan, suggestion后面, 用以说明或解释前面的名词.

The news that our team has won the match is true.

His delay is due to the fact that the car went wrong halfway.

注: 1. that 引导同位语从句与that 引导定语从句的区别: 引导同位语从句的that 无实际意义, 不作从句的任何成分, 而引导定语从句的that 从句的某个成分

He told me the news that our team won the match.

He told me the news that was very exciting.

We are interested in the news that some foreigners would visit our school.

We are interested in the news that he told us.

2. 在have no idea 之后常用wh-引导同位语从句.

I have no idea where he has gone.

I have no idea when he did it.

I have no idea what he did.

篇4:高中英语名词性从句语法

名词性从句

在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等, 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

主语从句的用法

一. 主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it。

1. That the earth is round is true.

= It is true that the earth is round.

2. Whether he will come hasn’t been decided.

= It hasn’t been decided whether he will come.

注意: 连词that, whether在从句中不担任句子成分,只起连接作用,不能省略 (注:if不可用来引导主语从句)

二. 用it 作形式主语的结构

(1) It is+名词+从句

It is a fact that … 事实是…

It is an honor that …非常荣幸

It is common knowledge that…是常识

(2) It is+形容词+从句 (多用 should)

It is natural that… 很自然…

It is strange that… 奇怪的是…

(3) It is + 不及物动词+从句

It seems that… 似乎…

It happened that… 碰巧…

It appears that… 似乎…

(4) It is + 过去分词+从句

It is reported that… 据报道…

It has been proved that… 已证实…

It is said that… 据说…

it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较

it 作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构, 主语从句的连接词有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如:

判断:

It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.

It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.

It is in the morning that the murder took place.

It is John that broke the window

宾语从句的用法:

句子结构:

主句 + 连接词(引导词) + 宾语从句

连接词:从属连词that, whether, if

连接代词 Who, whom, whose,which, what

连接副词 where, how, why, when

一. 连词 (引导词)

1. 当宾语从句是陈述句时(包括肯定句和否定句), 连词由that引导, 因为that在从句中不作任何成分, 也没有任何具体意思, 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略。

Jane said (that) she wasn’t late for the meeting.

2. 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时, 由特殊疑问词充当连接词, 因为该特殊疑问词(即连接词)在从句中担任一定的句子成分, 具有一定的意义, 所以不可以省略。

Do you know what he said just now?

I don’t remember when we arrived

3. 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if),因为if/whether翻译成是否,具有一定的意义,所以不能省略。

Lily wanted to know if /whether her grandma liked the handbag .

Let’s see if /whether we can find out some information about that city

注意:

① 关联词只能用whether不能用if 表示 “是否”的情况如下:

A) 在表语从句和同位语从句中。如:

The question is whether the film is

worth seeing.

The news whether our team has

won the match is unknown.

篇5:名词性从句讲解和区分

[关系代词和关系副词的误用]

例1 (·全国卷Ⅰ) My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.

解析 that→where。本题考查宾语从句,引导词在从句中充当地点状语,所以将that改为where。

例2 (·全国卷Ⅱ) As natural architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.

解析 how。根据语境和空后的形容词thick可知应用how引导宾语从句,此处表示要弄清楚到底土坯房的墙需要“多”厚。故答案为how。

点拨 若从句缺少主语、宾语、表语或定语,则考虑用关系代词;若从句缺少时间、地点、原因、方式等状语成分,则使用关系副词(when/where/why/how)。

[if和whether的误用]

例3 He asked her the question if they can be friends.

解析 if→whether。question后为同位语从句,只能用whether来引导,故而将if改为whether。

例4 It doesn’t matter so much you will come or not.

解析 考查主语从句。句意:你来还是不来,这不怎么重要。代词it作形式主语,真正的主语是whether引导的主语从句。

点拨 在表达“是否”这一意思时,我们经常会用到whether和if,但以下几种情况只用whether不用if:

1. 在表语从句、主语从句、同位语从句中;

2. 在介词后的宾语从句中。如:It all depends on whether they will support us.

3. 在不定式之前。如:He doesn’t know whether to stay or not.

4. 从句中有or not时。如:He doesn’t know whether he should stay or not.

[what和that的误用]

例5 (2016·上海卷) Eventually, I decided to follow her and 26 happened truly amazed me.

解析 what。句意:发生的事情真的让我很惊讶。设空处无提示词,分析从句的结构可知,从句中缺少主语,且指代的是物,可判断答案为what。本句中连接代词what引导主语从句且在从句中做主语。

例6 He was interested in that he had seen at the exhibition.

解析 that→what。介词in后的宾语从句中缺少宾语,应用what。

点拨 要正确填入引导词,关键在于分析句子结构,判断引导词在从句中所作的成分。引导从句时,that不作任何句子成分,只起连接作用;what可作主语、宾语、表语、定语,既充当从句的一个成分,又引导一个从句,意为“什么”“……的人”“……的地方”“……的样子”。

[wh-ever的误用]

例7 (2016·北京卷)Your support is important to our work. you can do helps.

A. However B. Whoever

C. Whatever D. Wherever

解析 C。考查主语从句。本题中,helps是谓语,you can do属于主语的一部分。在主语从句中,do的后面缺少宾语,whatever引导主语从句,同时作do的宾语,该句意思是:你能做的任何事都有帮助。

点拨 关系代词whoever, whatever, whichever引导名词性从句时,相当于anyone who,anything that等;引导让步状语从句时,相当于no matter who/what/which。

注意 1. wh-和wh-ever的区别:wh-有疑问的意思;wh-ever有强调的意思。如:

Who will be invited hasn’t been decided.

Whoever/Anyone who comes here is welcomed.

2. wh-ever在引导名词性从句时不能用no matter wh-来替换,但在引导状语从句时可以替换。如:

Whatever happened, he would not mind.

= No matter what happened, he would not mind.

[代词it的误用]

例8 This is not surprising that the Silver Ghost was regarded as “the best car in the world”.

As is known to all my classmates that I can speak English as if I were a native speaker.

解析 This→It;As→It。两个句子均是主语从句,应该用it作形式主语。

点拨 代词it作形式主语,将主语从句放到句尾,引导词则根据从句所缺的成分来确定。出题人一般会利用同学们对该结构掌握不牢而针对形式主语it设题。

例9 (2015·浙江卷) How would you like , if you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?

A. them B. one

C. those D. it

解析 D。if引导的宾语从句是本句真正的宾语,而空格处是形式宾语,只有it可充当形式宾语。

点拨 有些动词或短语,如like, hate, dislike, appreciate, owe, depend on, see to,接宾语从句时需要在宾语从句前加it做形式宾语。例如:

I don’t like it when you look at me like that.

[与其他从句的混淆]

不少同学经常将名词性从句与其他从句,尤其是与定语从句和强调句搞混。

1. 与定语从句的区别

例10 (2015·天津卷) The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere his employees enjoy their work.

解析 where。句意为“这家公司的老板正尽力为员工创设一种让他们能尽情享受工作的氛围”。设空处引导的定语从句修饰先行词atmosphere,该从句缺地点状语,故填关系副词where,相当于in which。

点拨 定语从句与名词性从句的区别:定语从句前必须有先行词,先行词通常为名词或代词;名词性从句除同位语从句外,前面均无名词或代词。

2. 与强调句的区别

例11 (2015·湖北卷) It was in the lake that they found the long last sword of the Ming Dynasty.

解析 本句为强调句式,强调了地点状语in the lake,意思是“正是在那个湖里……”。that与前面的It was共同构成强调句式。

例12 (2016·江苏卷) It is often the case anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.

A. why B. what

C. as D. that

解析 考查主语从句。本句中it是形式主语,真正的主语是D。that引导的主语从句,that在本句中不充当成分。句意:通常对那些心存希望的人来说,一切都是可能发生的。

点拨 要弄清名词性从句与强调句的区别,同学们就应该牢记强调句中若去掉it is/was ... that ...,句子依然完整,而名词性从句中用来引导主、宾语从句的that尽管没有实际含义,但在从句中起连接作用。

篇6:名词性宾语从句相关知识解释

英语从句包括:主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句、状语从句。

英语从句的重点是,熟悉连接从句的连词、关系词的各种含义和用法。

名词性从句

英语语法中的名词性从句,在句子中起名词作用,名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在英语复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。所在,这些从名分别叫作主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

宾语从句通常位于谓语后,以从属连词开头。

•连接宾语从句的连词

纯连词:that,whether, if (注:if 能引导宾语从句)

连接副词:when, where, how, why

连接代词:what, who, whom, whose, which

I know that you are a grown-up now.

我知道你已经是一个大人了。

连接宾语从句的that经常省略,所以上面这句话可以改成:

I know you are agrown-up now.

我知道你已经是一个大人了。

My boss doubt if they can finish it within a month.

我老板怀疑他们是否能在一个月内完成这件事。

= My boss doubt whether they can finish it within a month.

John told me how he climbed up the mountain.

约翰告诉我她是怎样爬上山的。

We don’t understand why she gave it up midway.

我们不理解她为什么半途而废。

All of us know what you mean.

我们都知道你的意思。

They didn’t mention where they were staying.

他们没有提他们待在什么地方。

需要注意的地方:

当宾语从句的连接词who在从句中作宾语时,可以改为宾格形式whom,也可以用主格形式who。例如:

I wonder who she dislikes.。

我想知道她讨厌谁。

=I wonder whom she dislikes.

Did Tom tell you whose bike he borrowed?

汤姆告诉你他借谁的自选车了吗?

(whose在从句中作定语)

作者|丹丹英语

公众号:英语语法学习

英语语法代词讲解辨析

攻克考研英语长难句之主语从句

优秀英语语法课件

高中英语语法教学

初中英语作文语法

英语代词的语法基础

考研英语重点语法小总结

英语学习:主句和从句的否定

初中英语语法教学的方法和技巧探讨论文

英语二语法知识

名词性宾语从句语法讲解
《名词性宾语从句语法讲解.doc》
将本文的Word文档下载到电脑,方便收藏和打印
推荐度:
点击下载文档

【名词性宾语从句语法讲解(集锦6篇)】相关文章:

初中英语作文复习2024-04-24

英语语法知识2022-06-16

高二 定语从句 说课稿2022-05-06

英语语法的特训方法2022-12-04

英语高级语法2023-10-30

初一作文讲解2023-06-21

高中英语语法学习常见的几个误区2023-12-29

高一英语重点语法英语笔记--定语从句2022-08-22

英语中名词性表语从句介绍2024-03-05

英语名词性从句易混点区分2022-10-04