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GRE阅读解题文章重点介绍

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GRE阅读解题文章重点介绍（合集20篇）由网友“狗勾没睡”投稿提供，这次小编给大家整理过的GRE阅读解题文章重点介绍，供大家阅读参考，也相信能帮助到您。

GRE阅读解题文章重点介绍

篇1：GRE阅读解题文章重点介绍

GRE阅读解题文章重点介绍

新的GRE阅读应该把重点放在文章的要点上

对于一个阅读来说，最重要的是结构，所以首先要注意聚焦，作者的聚焦态度、评价、缺陷和有待改进的地方。然后集中阅读每一段的第一段和第一句，注意开头和过渡，如果不懂继续往下看，只关心关系是顺还是转。同时，我们还需要记笔记，特别是新意、TS、判断句、虚拟语气、强对比、强转折、最高层次、唯一性、比较层次、列举、大写名词、时间、地点、人名等不要细读，只要记住位置，简单地做个记号。阅读的速度一定很快。如果你不会读书，你就不会读书。如果你能少读，你就会少读。如果你能读一篇很长的文章，你必须只看框架。如果你有足够的胆量略读、记笔记、读问题、准确定位，gre阅读技巧,gre考试培训在解决问题时需要特别注意以下内容：

新GRE阅读题的分类应明确

1. 强对比、强转折、双重否定

2. 尤其是

3. 标记大写名词和斜体

4. 明确与时间有关的句子

5. 找出重复的关键词及其意义

6. 虚拟语气与让步语气

7. 转过去比较一下，找出双方是谁

8. 文章的背景，作者的观点和倾向，以及最重要的评价

一。根据写作方法：陈述、论证

二。按照写作程序：新旧观点、现象解释、结论解释和问题解决

三。按主题：文学评论、美国历史、弱势群体、生命科学

新GRE阅读总体思路与方法

先读这篇文章，然后做问题。快读，大胆省略。记住：阅读问题的时间比阅读文章的时间长。一般建议采用两次法。第一次通读，重点是文章的结构、重点和作者的态度。在回答问题时读第二遍。同时，在解决任何问题时，gre阅读技巧,gre考试培训都要回到原来的位置，严格把握文本的对应关系，找到每一个正确答案的依据，决不能凭记忆或知识背景来做问题。特别是不要仔细阅读，不需要理解文章的意思，速度一定要快，做笔记，时间不够，看不到每一段的第一段和第一句话。然后，我们每天积累几个GRE句子。简而言之，阅读的关键是“速度定向重写”。

GRE阅读文章如何复习

宏观中的“必读”与“不读”

所谓宏观，即使明确文章结构。再清楚一点说，即使我们要知道主题句的所在位置以及每段大意。

让我们今天来了解一下什么是主题句，的阅读文章中主题句通常会以什么形式出现。和中国考生自己写作文不一样的是，美国人的阅读文章中从来都不出现“I think that, in my opinion, as far as I am considered”此类语言做主题句。通常来说美国人的主题句有两种形式：

主题句两种形式：

1. 判断句(含情态动词，系动词，正负褒贬词的句子);

2. 概括文章将来结构。

比如一个句子：Your minds changed my attitude. 这句话中并没有情态动词和系动词，因此这句话自然不是判断句，也就不是主题句。但只要在这句话中加入一个正负褒贬词，即一个词表明作者的态度或观点的词即是判断句了。

比如，Your minds successfully changed my attitude即是判断句了。另外，如果一个句子不是判断句，只要它能够概括文章将来结构，及文章后面会从哪几个方面来说明，也是主题句。

比如，People are living longer now. 这句话一定不是主题句，而如果这句话是，People are living longer now since the improvement of food condition and the development of medical technoly.这句话即是主题句了。因为它概括了文章后面会从哪几个方向来进行说明。

掌握好了主题句判断方法，很多文章学生便可以很快把握文章的结构框架，帮助后面文章的理解。比如一篇文章的开头是，Mycorrhizal fungi infect more plants than do any other fungi and are necessary for many plants to thrive, but they have escaped widespread investigation until recently for two reasons. First, the symbiotic association is so well-balanced that the roots of host plants show no damage even when densely infected. Second, the fungi cannot as yet be cultivated in the absence of a living root. 第一句是明显的判断句，即为主题句。

而主题句也同时概括了文章的将来结构，即会从“M真菌影响力很强”和“M真菌过去由于两个原因没有得到广泛研究”。

下面马上看到了first和second，我们即知道这两个很难读懂的句子无非是两个原因使得M真菌没有得到广泛研究而已，具体是哪两个原因，我们几乎可以忽略不读。

微观中的“必读”与“不读”

所谓微观，即使明确句子结构。再清楚一点说，即使我们要知道句子主干大意及和上下文的关系。

说到可以不读的内容，很多同学都会想到插入语可以不用读。可什么是插入语呢?两个逗号之间的内容一定是插入语吗?今天，让我们重点来了解一下插入语。首先，我们知道并不是两个逗号之间的内容一定是插入语，很多同学会被传统的老师所误导，误认为判断插入语只要看是不是逗号间内容在解释逗号前内容即可，可是如果插入语不读的话，你有时如何知道这是对逗号前内容的解释呢?其实，插入语有两种形式：

插入语两种形式：

1. 对主语说明

________,which / who / n. / prep. / -ing / -ed……,________.

2. 对主语举例

________,such as / especially……,________.

因此，我们只要看到第一个逗号之后紧跟着which / who / 介词 / 动名词 / 动词的过去分词 / such as / especially 的情况或两个逗号间仅有纯粹的名词时，那这从第一个逗号开始到后面最临近的标点符号(逗号或句号)间内容一定是插入语，往往可忽略不读。而我们唯一重点需要读的只有句子的“主、谓、宾。”

准备复习时的“读”与“不读”

很多同学都会痛苦，复习阅读进步不大，甚至有的时候反而比开始时错的还多。我认为，这主要是学生的复习方法不得当导致的。很多同学在复习准备阅读时，通常会一天一篇文章的做题，这不仅不能帮助你归纳掌握GRE阅读技巧，相反是在浪费时间。

最好的复习阅读的方式是开始并不直接读文章做题，在已经掌握了一定量的单词，并强化训练了长难句的基础后，保证集中突破强化复习。即，每天精读6-8篇文章，大概持续2周左右。所谓精读即清楚了解文章中微观的每一句话的意思及在全文中作用，以及完全明白每一个选项。这样有助于帮助学生总结归纳文章和出题规律。

GRE阅读怎样更好更快速

首先，我们必须首先脑子里面有狐狸/人/太极/蝎子，也就是我们已经在成长过程中见过这些东西，然后我们才能在知道这个地形长的像它们。这就是背景知识。

我在上课的时候曾经讲了一个例子，就是让大家背一组数字，如果数字是1234567，大家一定可以不费吹灰之力背下来。为什么呢?因为大家小时候都背过。但是如果你让一个刚刚会说话的孩子背1234567，他/她要花费几天甚至几个月的时间。为什么呢?因为他/她没有背景知识，也就是说他/她从来没有见过这玩意儿，你让他/她怎么认知呢?

同样，在GRE阅读中也是一样。虽然官方说明中明确了GRE阅读不会因为大家的专业背景而造成做题困难，但是事实上，上过我的课的同学都知道：绝对有些题目文科生想骂娘，而另外一些题目理科生想撞墙。这就是因为背景知识的问题，当然这些造成不同专业学生得分不同的题目，大多数考察的都是人类正常逻辑。那为什么大家还做不出来呢?因为中国学生在大学期间是没有逻辑学通识课的，而且中国人也恰恰是非常不讲究逻辑思维的，这样一场考试放在中国人面前显然是为难了咱们。

逻辑是个舶来品，西方公元前五百多年的时候哲学始祖Thales发明了L备考指导US这个单词，亚里士多德更是将其发展成了一门大学问，那时候的中国人还在互相掐架呢。现在的中外理科博士还都是PH. D.,知道哲学中的逻辑在西方多么重要了吗?当然中国古代有个叫公孙龙的，也设计了一些逻辑学的诡辩术，不扯了。

大家都知道GRE是逻辑考试，SAT也是逻辑考试。但是大家有没有想过自己在成长的过程中有没有碰到过逻辑考试?

除了公务员考试的逻辑部分和刑侦人员考试，中国的一般性考试从来都不重视考察逻辑;而英美国家考大学的SAT是逻辑考试，考研究生的GRE,GMAT,和LSAT依然是逻辑考试。这就是中西方的差异了。

所以说大家在没有一些足够的逻辑背景的基础下玩这种西方人的考试游戏，大家能不傻眼吗?况且还有一堆单词在分散大家的注意力。

GRE阅读至少是弱化背景知识的，但是大家说正常的人类思维逻辑属不属于背景知识?基于写作逻辑的英文语篇构成模式(formal schema)属不属于背景知识?

而恰恰GRE阅读是重点考察大家通常认为不重要的逻辑学背景知识和语篇构成模式的背景知识。缺乏这两个，GRE阅读你碰一下，都是在浪费你的泡妞/吊哥时间。

所以说，我们在学习GRE阅读的过程中，一定要站的高，以TOP-DOWN的思维方式学习。不要陷于字词句的细节泥潭之中。细节题目可以先抛弃。

这是符合我们的人类思维的。那为什么同学们在平时学习的时候还是会被一个单词一个句子所羁绊呢?

这就是市面上一些江湖培训机构给大家带来的恶果，他们在逻辑考试面前片面过分强调单词的重要性，而非逻辑的重要性，市面上GRE单词书满天飞，但是讲GRE语言逻辑(尤其语篇语言学)的书狗屁没有。加之同学们急功近利，以为背了红宝书/长难句上了考场肯定下笔如有神助。实际上每个背了单词没做练习题，思维混乱的学生，下来第一感受就是被虐了，想哭，想找个子树泄愤，或者找男朋友狂揍。

篇2：GRE阅读解题如何抓住文章重点

新GRE阅读做题要抓文章重点

对于一篇阅读来说，最重要的就是结构,所以首先要关注focus,关注作者对focus的态度、评价,缺陷及需要改进的地方。然后重点读首段和各段首句,注意起承转合,看不懂的继续往下看,只关心是顺接还是转折关系。同时还要做一下笔记，尤其是新观点、TS、判断句、虚拟语气、强对比、强转折、最高级、唯一性、比较级、列举,大写名词、时间,地点,人名等,不要精读,记住位置即可，可以简单做一下标记。阅读速度一定要快,能不读则不读,能少读则少读,长文章一定要只看框架,大胆的略读粗读,做笔记,读题,精确定位,解题需要特别注意这些内容：

1. 强对比、强转折、双重否定

2. 比较级、最高级、唯一性、“所有”, only, in particular

3. 大写名词、斜体字做好标记

4. 有关时间的句子,弄清楚前后关系

5. 反复出现的关键词,弄清其含义

6. 虚拟、让步语气

7. 转折、比较弄清比较双方是谁

8. 文章脉络,作者的观点和倾向,评价最重要

新GRE阅读题型分类要清楚了解

1.按写作方法分：presentation[立论], argument[评论]

2.按写作套路分：新旧观点型、现象解释型、结论解释型、问题解决型

3.按题材分：文学评论,美国历史,弱势群体,生命科学

新GRE阅读整体思路和方法

先读文章后做题,阅读速度一定要快,勇敢的省略,记住：看题时间要比看文时间长，一般推荐使用两遍法,第一遍通读,重点看文章的结构、focus、作者态度,第二遍在解题时定位阅读。同时，解任何题目时都要回到原文中定位,严格把握文字对应法,每个正确答案都必须找到依据,绝对不可凭记忆或知识背景做题。特别注意的是，不要精读,不必了解文章的意思,速度一定要快,一定要作笔记,时间不够看首段和各段首句。然后，每天都积累几个GRE句子，总之阅读的关键就是：“速度定位改写”。

以上就是新GRE阅读一些重点知识点和如何来做新GRE阅读方法的介绍，希望通过这些技巧和知识，帮助考生们在新GRE阅读考试中，战胜难题的挑战，取得理想的成绩。

GRE阅读题目解析:美国南方对制造业发展

P13

Many scholars have argued that government investment in manufacturing in the southern United States during the Second World War spurred a regional economic boom that lasted into the postwar period. But much of this investment went to specialized plants, many of them unsuitable for postwar production. Large-scale, wartime government funding led to a massive increase in the number and scale of munitions facilities. By the war’s end, 216 munitions establishment costing more than $3.5 billion had been built, many of them located in the south. Indeed, according to one estimate, more than 70 percent of federally financed manufacturing construction capital in Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee went into munitions plants.

Even in the northern regions with strong prewar manufacturing economics, these plants were difficult to deal with once the imperative of war had been removed. In the south few industrialists had the capacity or desire to transform these factories to a peacetime function. Accordingly, at war’s end almost all of the southern munitions facilities were shut down, placed on standby, operated at a very low capacity, or converted to nonmanufacturing functions, usually storage. Although some reopened a few years later for use during the Korean War, the impact of the special plants on the South’s postwar economy was marginal at best.

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. propose an alternative explanation

B. challenge a widely held position

C. contrast two views of a phenomenon

D. explain why a particular claim has been influential

E. evaluate evidence used to support a particular view

Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

2. According to the passage, some southern munitions plants built in the South during the Second World War were

A. later reopened and used once more as munitions plants

B. used for nonmanufacturing purposes after the war

C. originally envisioned as continuing to manufacture munitions at high capacity even after the war had ended

3. In the passage, the mention of “Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee” serves primarily to

A. suggest that some states were better than others at anticipating postwar economic needs

B. identify evidence used to support a view held by scholars mentioned at the beginning of the passage

C. suggest that federal investment in some kinds of manufacturing was excessive

D. identify the states that received the largest allocations of federal funds

E. provide information to support a point about the nature of government investment made earlier in the paragraph

P13

Many scholars have argued that government investment in manufacturing in the southern United States during the Second World War spurred a regional economic boom that lasted into the postwar period.

许多学者认为，二战期间美国政府在南方对制造业的投资，直到战后仍然刺激该地区经济高速发展。

But much of this investment went to specialized plants, many of them unsuitable for postwar production.

但这些投资多被用于特定的工厂，其中许多不适合战后的生产。

Large-scale, wartime government funding led to a massive increase in the number and scale of munitions facilities.

大规模的战时政府投资，导致了军需品在数量与规模方面的巨大增长。

By the war’s end, 216 munitions establishment costing more than $3.5 billion had been built, many of them located in the south.

战争结束前，已建成 216 家军需品企业，耗资 35 亿美元，其中很多位于南方。

Indeed, according to one estimate, more than 70 percent of federally financed manufacturing construction capital in Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee went into munitions plants.

实际上根据一项估算，在阿拉巴马，阿肯色，密西西比和田纳西，超过七成的联邦资助的生产建设资金流向了军需品厂。

Even in the northern regions with strong prewar manufacturing economics, these plants were difficult to deal with once the imperative of war had been removed.

即使是战前就拥有强大制造业经济的北方地区，没有了战争的急迫需求，也一时难以应对。

In the south few industrialists had the capacity or desire to transform these factories to a peacetime function.

南方没几个实业家有能力或意愿把这些工厂转型，为和平时期服务。

Accordingly, at war’s end almost all of the southern munitions facilities were shut down, placed on standby, operated at a very low capacity, or converted to nonmanufacturing functions, usually storage.

所以，战争结束时，南方几乎所有军需品设施都被关闭，安排待命，维持极低生产量，或转作非制造用途，通常是仓储。

Although some reopened a few years later for use during the Korean War, the impact of the special plants on the South’s postwar economy was marginal at best.

尽管几年后一些工厂重开，以应对朝鲜战争，但特种工厂对南方战后经济的影响最多也就是微不足道。

1. The primary purpose of the passage is to

A. propose an alternative explanation

B. challenge a widely held position

C. contrast two views of a phenomenon

D. explain why a particular claim has been influential

E. evaluate evidence used to support a particular view

选 B

挑战一种主流观点，即句 1：

Many scholars have argued that government investment in manufacturing in the southern United States during the Second World War spurred a regional economic boom that lasted into the postwar period.

其后的内容，都是作者反驳这种观点。

Consider each of the choices separately and select all that apply.

2. According to the passage, some southern munitions plants built in the South during the Second World War were

A. later reopened and used once more as munitions plants

B. used for nonmanufacturing purposes after the war

C. originally envisioned as continuing to manufacture munitions at high capacity even after the war had ended

选 AB

A 正确，根据句 9 。

B 正确，根据句 8 。

C 强干扰项。对于二战中服役的南方兵工厂，文中出现了两种态度，作者认为它们对南方战后经济贡献不大，一种主流观点认为贡献很大 spurred a regional economic boom that lasted into the postwar period，但贡献大不等于继续开工生产军需品，这种推测是没有根据的。

3. In the passage, the mention of “Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, and Tennessee” serves primarily to

A. suggest that some states were better than others at anticipating postwar economic needs

B. identify evidence used to support a view held by scholars mentioned at the beginning of the passage

C. suggest that federal investment in some kinds of manufacturing was excessive

D. identify the states that received the largest allocations of federal funds

E. provide information to support a point about the nature of government investment made earlier in the paragraph

选 E

句 5 是用来支撑句 4 的，所以选 E 。

GRE阅读题目解析:在美菲律宾人权利

P11

Whereas Carlos Bulosan aimed through fiction and personal testimony to advance both Filipino civil rights in the United States and the social transformation of the Philippines, Yen Le Espiritu has set herself the task of recovering life histories of Filipino Americans. Her work brings Filipino Americans of the generation following the 1934-1965 immigration hiatus graphically to life. A special strength is the representation of Filipino American women, who were scarce among immigrants before the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration but composed more than half of the immigrants to America since liberalization in 1965. Espiritu’s subjects document their changing sense of Filipino identity in the United States, much as Bulosan did as a member of the first substantial wave of immigrants.

1. According to the passage, both Bulosan and Espiritu do which of the following in their work?

A. Consider generational differences in Filipino immigrants’ responses to life in the United

B. Attempt to make allowance for the demographic variations among Filipino immigrants to the United States

C. Employ fiction in addition to documenting actual life histories of Filipino immigrants to theUnited States

D. Represent how life in the United States has affected immigrants’ sense of Filipino identity

E. Examine the effects on Filipinos in the United States of the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration

2. In the context in which it appears, “graphically” most nearly means

A. in writing

B. by means of drawing

C. impressionistically

D. diagrammatically

E. vividly

P11

在 C B 力求通过小说和人证推进在美菲律宾人的权利，以及菲律宾国内的社会转型的同时，Y L E 给自己设定的目标是重现菲律宾裔美国人的生活史。

Her work brings Filipino Americans of the generation following the 1934-1965 immigration hiatus graphically to life.

她的作品栩栩如生地描绘了 1934 - 1965 移民中断期以后的一代菲律宾裔美国人的生活。

(

【关于 1965 年美国移民法】

1965 年，美国通过了新的移民政策即 The Hart - Cellar Act of 1965 亦即 The 1965 Immigration Act，此前的移民政策(可上溯至 1920 年代)是严格根据美国当时已有的人口比例发放配额，也就是说北欧人移入比意大利人容易，而亚裔因为当时人口占比非常低，加上其他限制(比如成年文盲不允许移民等)，移民数大减， hiatus 本意空隙、中断、间隔，指的就是这段菲律宾裔的移民低潮期。

如果你有志留在美国工作和生活，该感谢 1965 年的移民法，因为从这个法案开始，所谓 “技术移民” 开始成为外国人进入美国的一种最重要通道。

而作为上限的 1934 年，发生了什么?

合理的推测是，发生了某事，让菲律宾裔移民数锐减。

事实的确如此，1934 年通过的 The Tydings - McDuffie Act，officially the Philippine Independence Act，其中规定：

The act reclassified all Filipinos, including those who were living in the United States, as aliens for the purposes of immigration to America. A quota of 50 immigrants per year was established.[2] Before this act, Filipinos were classified as United States nationals, but not United States citizens, and while they were allowed to migrate relatively freely, they were denied naturalization rights within the US, unless they were citizens by birth in the mainland US.[3]

(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tydings%E2%80%93McDuffie_Act)

是的，你没看错，定额为每年 50 人。尽管这个法案并没有严格执行，比如夏威夷蔗糖种植园主派人成功游说联邦政府，允许更多菲律宾劳工入境工作，但准入的多为男性劳工，从事的也是底层体力劳动，这种情形在 1965 年以后改变很大，文段下文有呼应。

)

A special strength is the representation of Filipino American women, who were scarce among immigrants before the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration but composed more than half of the immigrants to America since liberalization in 1965.

作品特别有力地展示了菲律宾裔美籍女性，1934 年美国限制菲律宾裔移民以前就很少，但 1965 年政策放开后却在总数中过半。

(【Carlos Bulosan】

Carlos Sampayan Bulosan (November 24, 1913[1] – September 11, 1956) was an English-language Filipino novelist and poet who spent most of his life in the United States. His best-known work today is the semi-autobiographical America Is in the Heart, but he first gained fame for his 1943 essay on The Freedom from Want.

(en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_Bulosan)

)

Espiritu’s subjects document their changing sense of Filipino identity in the United States, much as Bulosan did as a member of the first substantial wave of immigrants.

E 的描述对象记录了美籍菲律宾人身份的转变，就像 B 作为第一代移民大潮的一员所做的记录。

1. According to the passage, both Bulosan and Espiritu do which of the following in their work?

A. Consider generational differences in Filipino immigrants’ responses to life in the United

B. Attempt to make allowance for the demographic variations among Filipino immigrants to the United States

C. Employ fiction in addition to documenting actual life histories of Filipino immigrants to theUnited States

D. Represent how life in the United States has affected immigrants’ sense of Filipino identity

E. Examine the effects on Filipinos in the United States of the 1934 American curb on Filipino immigration

选 D

比较朴实的细节题，根据句 4：

Espiritu’s subjects document their changing sense of Filipino identity in the United States, much as Bulosan did as a member of the first substantial wave of immigrants.

2. In the context in which it appears, “graphically” most nearly means

A. in writing

B. by means of drawing

C. impressionistically

D. diagrammatically

E. vividly

选 E

这种题我都没啥讲的，只能引词典释义：

graphic 【MWC】vividly or plainly shown or described

几乎可以听见 ETS 娇嗔道：还要人家怎么样嘛。

篇3：gre阅读长文章如何快速解题

gre阅读长文章如何快速解题

gre长阅读“做题速度慢”的解决方案：

多数考生做题速度慢的原因都是一样的，就是花在读原文上的时间太长了。GRE阅读的原文通常又长又难，如果要读懂原文然后凭借印象来做题是需要考生有非常深厚的英文功底的，而这种功底我们绝大多数考生都不具备，所以我们只能用考完题干再定位回原文读懂某个具体的句子来做题。

那么，我们在遇到一篇新的阅读时先读一遍原文是要达到什么目的呢?

做对主旨题和作者态度题;2)关注、标记一些常考考点为定位所用。

故读原文后能达到这两个要求就足够了，如果除达到这两个要求之外又多读了句子，或在某些句子、某些词上多逗留了时间，都是致使做题速度慢花的无用功。

我们在这里先给出一些可以略读的固定内容，大家不妨花一点时间记一下这些非常不重要的东西，以便今后不用在它们上面浪费更多时间。

1、已知大意的具体叙述可以略读，重复、进一步的解释、反之亦然的叙述部分可以略读。

2、目的已知，具体内容可以略读，就是知道了叙述目的，可以略读其内容。

3、作者将要或者已经摒弃的论据、论证可以略读，这样的观点一般都是为后面作者支持的观点做铺垫。

4、一句话的重心如果在后面，前面的可以略读。

GRE阅读真题之OG2

While chocolate was highly esteemed in Mesoamerica, where it originated, its adoption in Europe was initially slow. There is a common belief that Europeans needed to “transform” chocolate to make it appetizing. However, while Spaniards did put sugar, which was unknown to indigenous Americans, into chocolate beverages, this additive was not completely innovative. Mesoamericans were already sweetening chocolate with honey, and the step from honey to sugar—increasingly more available than honey because of expanding sugar plantations in the Americas—is a small one. Likewise, although Spaniards adjusted Mesoamerican recipes by using European spices, the spices chosen suggest an attempt to replicate harder-to-find native flowers. There is no indication the Spaniards deliberately tried to change the original flavor of chocolate.

1. The author of the passage refers to the use of honey primarily to

A. identify the origins of an additive previously untried by Europeans

B. present an example of a product that was unknown to Europeans

C. correct the misapprehension that Mesoamericans used a sweetener that was not available in Europe

D. provide an example of an ingredient that was in the process of being displaced by a substitute

E. explain why the Spanish use of sugar in chocolate was not a sign of a need to transform chocolate

2. Which sentence presents a misconception that the passage challenges?

A. The second (“There is … appetizing”)

B. The third (“However … innovative”)

C. The fourth (“Mesoamericans … one”)

D. The fifth (“Likewise … flowers”)

E. The sixth (“There is … chocolate”)

GRE阅读真题之OG2

In early-twentieth-century England, it was fashionable to claim that only a completely new style of writing could address a world undergoing unprecedented transformation— just as one literary critic recently claimed that only the new “aesthetic of exploratory excess” can address a world under- going well, you know. Yet in early-twentieth century England, T. S. Eliot, a man fascinated by the “presence” of the past, wrote the most innovative poetry of his time. The lesson for today’s literary community seems obvious: a reorientation toward tradition would benefit writers no less than readers. But if our writers and critics indeed respect the novel’s rich tradition (as they claim to), then why do they disdain the urge to tell an exciting story?

1. The author of the passage suggests that present-day readers would particularly benefit from which of the following changes on the part of present-day writers and critics?

A. An increased focus on the importance of engaging the audience in a narrative

B. Modernization of the traditional novelistic elements already familiar to readers

C. Embracing aspects of fiction that are generally peripheral to the interest of readers

D. A greater recognition of how the tradition of the novel has changed over time

E. A better understanding of how certain poets such as Eliot have influenced fiction of the present time

2. In the context of the passage as whole, “address” (lines 3 and 6) is closest in meaning to

A. reveal

B. belie

C. speak to

D. direct attention toward

E. attempt to remediate

篇4：GRE阅读解题关键点介绍

GRE阅读解题3大关键点介绍把握要点顺利做难题

GRE考试中，GRE阅读理解需要把握以下这3个关键点，这样才能算是读懂了一篇文章，如果弄不懂这3个方面的内容，也无法选出答案。

(1) 整体理解General Understanding:

主要是解决两个问题：

A. 文章主旨观点Main Idea or Point

B. 逻辑论述展开Logical Development or Organization

(2) 细节理解Specific Understanding:

主要是解决两个问题：

A. 特定细节信息Specific Details

B. 逻辑细节信息Logical Details(细节中最为重要的东西，也是最需要我们在读文章时思考和掌握的细节)

(3) 内容评估Evaluating:

主要是解决三个问题：

A. 暗示推理Implication

B. 信息应用Further application

C. 论调态度Tone / attitude

如何GRE考试中最害怕的文学评论类长阅读

GREVerbal中最具杀伤力的题目是什么?

绝大部分同学脑海中会浮现出三个字：长阅读。

长阅读以长达四五百字的篇幅，加上后面的四道题，对大部分同学来说是噩梦般的存在。

一般课下同学们鼓起勇气读了一篇长文章，经常效果就是，花了半小时终于读完做完题(而半小时其实是整个Verbal section 20道题的考试时间……)，然后发现能做对2道就谢天谢地了。而如果长文章的题材是——文学评论，天，那简直雪上加霜……据统计，中国同学最害怕的文章题材就是文学评论类(紧跟着的大概是天文和美国历史)。

GRE填空题的基本特征有哪些

基本特征

01 题目数量

一个Verbal的section中总量有20题，其中填空占到10道，其余的10道题目是Reading Comprehension(阅读理解)。

02 题目形式

Text Completion中可以根据空格数量分成：单空题，双空题即三空题。其中单空题有五个选项，选择一个正确答案;双空题和三空题均是每空三个选项，选择一个正确答案。举例如下：

单空题

Early studies often concluded that the public was ______ the propagandistic influence of mass communications, but one recent study indicates that, on the contrary, mass communications seldom produce marked changes in social attitudes or actions.

(A) unaware of

(B) scornful of

(D) unimpressed by

(E) coping with

(参见Official GRE VERBAL REASONING Practice Questions第58页第3题)

双空题

The figure-skating pair’s convincing victory last week was particularly (i)______ to their rivals who were in peak form and complained privately about the judging. That the pair won when their rivals were (ii)______ too is also impressive.

Blank(i) Blank(ii)

(A) unsurprising (D) terrific

(B) irksome (E) nervous

(参见Official GRE VERBAL REASONING Practice Questions第58页第4题)

三空题

The company’s efforts to improve safety were apparently (i)______, at least according to the company’s own data, which showed that the (ii)______ incidents with the potential to cause a serious accident declined significantly. Nevertheless, independent analysts argue that those statistics are (iii)______. These analysts maintain that the company has consistently underestimated both the probability and the likely effects of accidents in the sensitive and poorly understood environment in which the company is operating.

Blank(ii) Blank(ii) Blank(iii)

(A) innovative (D) frequency of (G) deceptive

(B) successful (E) impediments to (H) testable

(参见Official GRE VERBAL REASONING Practice Questions第59页第7题)

Sentence Equivalence题目有一个空格，选项有留个，要求从其中选择出两个使句子语义最终一致，或者说选出两个广义同义的选项。举例如下：

Parkin’s characterization of the movement as Neo-Scholastic is too ______ to be accepted without further investigation.

(A) cursory

(B) detailed

(D) biased

(E) self-evident

(F) complete

(参见Official GRE VERBAL REASONING Practice Questions第86页第5题)

英语阅读

篇5：GRE阅读如何保持稳定读文章和解题速度

GRE阅读如何保持稳定读文章和解题速度?

GRE阅读切忌求快和犹豫不决

提醒各位备考GRE的同学，切记稳中求快，而切忌走极端——或是盲目求快，忽视文章中的重要信息;或是畏头畏尾不敢舍弃。如果一味求快，而忽视了文中重要的信息，往往得不偿失，虽然练就了一目十行的本领，但是却忽略了对文章主干的提炼。反之，如果过分谨慎，把所有信息都当做重点信息来处理，恐怕在时间上花费是无法达到GRE阅读的要求的。

GRE阅读注重逻辑感培养

此外，GRE阅读中应该注重逻辑感的培养，包括作者行文套路，文章结构和主题。不少同学往往本末倒置，过分注重文章中细节的描述，而却忽略了对文章的整体把握。从而导致GRE阅读时间分配的严重不合理，甚至在考场上没有时间去思考给出的问题。

虽然GRE考试中的阅读部分大约每4分钟就需要看完一篇长文章，而且文章内容涉猎比较广泛，晦涩的长难句也不少，但是GRE阅读的考查点还是着眼于逻辑思维能力的考查，要想在GRE阅读中取得高分，就一定要针对自己的阅读思维多做训练。

GRE阅读练习每日一篇

Whether the languages of the ancient American peoples were used for expressing abstract universal concepts can be clearly answered in the case of Nahuatl. Nahuatl, like Greek and German, is a language that allows the formation of extensive compounds. By the combination of radicals or semantic elements, single compound words can express complex conceptual relations, often of an abstract universal character.

The tlamatinime (“those who know”) were able to use this rich stock of abstract terms to express the nuances of their thought. They also availed themselves of other forms of expression with metaphorical meaning, some probably original, some derived from Toltec coinages. Of these forms the most characteristic in Nahuatl is the juxtaposition of two words that, because they are synonyms, associated terms, or even contraries, complement each other to evoke one single idea. Used as metaphor, the juxtaposed terms connote specific or essential traits of the being they refer to, introducing a mode of poetry as an almost habitual form of expression.

17. A main purpose of the passage is to

(A) delineate the function of the tlamatinime in Nahuatl society

(B) explain the abstract philosophy of the Nahuatl thinkers

(D) explore the rich metaphorical heritage the Nahuatl received from the Toltecs

(E) describe some conceptual and aesthetic resources of the Nahuatl language

18. According to the passage, some abstract universal ideas can be expressed in Nahuatl by

(A) taking away from a word any reference to particular instances

(B) removing a word from its associations with other words

(D) putting various meaningful elements together in one word

(E) turning each word of a phrase into a poetic metaphor

19. It can be inferred solely from the information in the passage that

(A) there are many languages that, like Greek or German, allow extensive compounding

(B) all abstract universal ideas are ideas of complex relations

(D) metaphors are always used in Nahuatl to express abstract conceptual relationships

(E) the abstract terms of the Nahuatl language are habitually used in poetry

Many theories have been formulated to explain the role of grazers such as zooplankton in controlling the amount of planktonic algae (phytoplankton) in lakes. The first theories of such grazer control were merely based on observations of negative correlations between algal and zooplankton numbers. A low number of algal cells in the presence of a high number of grazers suggested, but did not prove, that the grazers had removed most of the algae. The converse observation, of the absence of grazers in areas of high phytoplankton concentration, led Hardy to propose his principle of animal exclusion, which hypothesized that phytoplankton produced a repellent that excluded grazers from regions of high phytoplankton concentration. This was the first suggestion of algal defenses against grazing.

Perhaps the fact that many of these first studies considered only algae of a size that could be collected in a net (net phytoplankton), a practice that overlooked the smaller phytoplankton (nannoplankton) that we now know grazers are most likely to feed on, led to a de-emphasis of the role of grazers in subsequent research. Increasingly, as in the individual studies of Lund, Round, and Reynolds, researchers began to stress the importance of environmental factors such as temperature, light, and water movements in controlling algal numbers. These environmental factors were amenable to field monitoring and to simulation in the laboratory. Grazing was believed to have some effect on algal numbers, especially after phytoplankton growth rates declined at the end of bloom periods, but grazing was considered a minor component of models that predicted algal population dynamics (population dynamics: 种群动态;人口动态).

The potential magnitude of grazing pressure on freshwater phytoplankton has only recently been determined empirically. Studies by Hargrave and Geen estimated natural community grazing rates by measuring feeding rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory and then computing community grazing rates for field conditions using the known population density of grazers. The high estimates of grazing pressure postulated by these researchers were not fully accepted, however, until the grazing rates of zooplankton were determined directly in the field, by means of new experimental techniques. Using a specially prepared feeding chamber, Haney was able to record zooplankton grazing rates in natural field conditions. In the periods of peak zooplankton abundance, that is, in the late spring and in the summer, Haney recorded maximum daily community grazing rates, for nutrient-poor lakes and bog lakes, respectively, of 6.6 percent and 114 percent of daily phytoplankton production. Cladocerans had higher grazing rates than copepods, usually accounting for 80 percent of the community grazing rate. These rates varied seasonally, reaching the lowest point in the winter and early spring. Haney’s thorough research provides convincing field evidence that grazers can exert significant pressure on phytoplankton population.

20. The author most likely mentions Hardy’s principle of animal exclusion in order to

(A) give an example of one theory about the interaction of grazers and phytoplankton

(B) defend the first theory of algal defenses against grazing

(D) demonstrate the superiority of laboratory studies of zooplankton feeding rates to other kinds of studies of such rates

(E) refute researchers who believed that low numbers of phytoplankton indicated the grazing effect of low numbers of zooplankton

21. It can be inferred from the passage that the “first theories” of grazer control mentioned in line 4 would have been more convincing if researchers had been able to

(A) observe high phytoplankton numbers under natural lake conditions

(B) discover negative correlations between algae and zooplankton numbers from their field research

(D) make verifiable correlations of cause and effect between zooplankton and phytoplankton numbers

(E) invent laboratory techniques that would have allowed them to bypass their field research concerning grazer control

22. Which of the following, if true, would call into question Hardy’s principle of animal exclusion?

(A) Zooplankton are not the only organisms that are affected by phytoplankton repellents.

(B) Zooplankton exclusion is unrelated to phytoplankton population density.

(D) Net phytoplankton are more likely to exclude zooplankton than are nannoplankton.

(E) Phytoplankton numbers can be strongly affected by environmental factors.

23. The author would be likely to agree with which of the following statements regarding the pressure of grazers on phytoplankton numbers?

I. Grazing pressure can vary according to the individual type of zooplankton.

II. Grazing pressure can be lower in nutrient-poor lakes than in bog lakes.

III. Grazing tends to exert about the same pressure as does temperature.

(A) I only

(B) III only

(D) II and III only

(E) I, II, and III

24. The passage supplies information to indicate that Hargrave and Geen’s conclusion regarding the grazing pressure exerted by zooplankton on phytoplankton numbers was most similar to the conclusion regarding grazing pressure reached by which of the following researchers?

(A) Hardy

(B) Lund

(D) Reynolds

(E) Haney

25. It can be inferred from the passage that one way in which many of the early researchers on grazer control could have improved their data would have been to

(A) emphasize the effects of temperature, rather than of light, on phytoplankton

(B) disregard nannoplankton in their analysis of phytoplankton numbers

(D) recognize that phytoplankton other than net phytoplankton could be collected in a net

(E) understand the crucial significance of net phytoplankton in the diet of zooplankton

26. According to the passage, Hargrave and Geen did which of the following in their experiments?

(A) They compared the grazing rates of individual zooplankton species in the laboratory with the natural grazing rates of these species.

(B) The hypothesized about the population density of grazers in natural habitats by using data concerning the population density of grazers in the laboratory.

(C) They estimated the community grazing rates of zooplankton in the laboratory by using data concerning the natural community grazing rates of zooplankton.

(D) They estimated the natural community grazing rates of zooplankton by using data concerning the known population density of phytoplankton.

(E) They estimated the natural community grazing rates of zooplankton by using laboratory data concerning the grazing rates of individual zooplankton species.

27. Which of the following is a true statement about the zooplankton numbers and zooplankton grazing rates observed in Haney’s experiments?

(A) While zooplankton numbers began to decline in August, zooplankton grazing rates began to increase.

(B) Although zooplankton numbers were high in May, grazing rates did not become high until January.

(D) Both zooplankton numbers and grazing rates were lower in March than in June.

(E) Both zooplankton numbers and grazing rates were highest in February.

答案：17-27：EDCADBCECED

新GRE阅读长难句中译英练习

66. It is entirely reasonable for auditors to believe that scientists who know exactly where they are going and how they will get there should not be distracted by the necessity of keeping one eye on the cash register while the other eye is on the microscope.

67. Nor, if regularity and conformity to a standard pattern are as desirable to the scientist as the writing of his papers would appear to reflect, is management to be blamed for discriminating against the “odd balls” among researchers in favor of more conventional thinkers who “work well with the team.”

68. The grand mediocrity of today--everyone being the same in survival and number of off-spring--means that natural selection has lost 80% of its power in upper-middle-class India compared to the tribe.

69. When a new movement in art attains a certain fashion, it is advisable to find out what its advocates are aiming at, for, however farfetched and unreasonable their principles may seem today, it is possible that in years to come they may be regarded as normal.

70. With regard to Futurist poetry, however, the case is rather difficult, for whatever Futurist poetry may be even admitting that the theory on which it is based may be right--it can hardly be classed as Literature.

66.[参考译文]审查者完全有理由相信，知道自己准备做什么、怎么做的科学家不应该因为必须一只眼盯着收银机，一只眼盯着显微镜而分散了注意力。

67.[参考译文]如果科学家对标准式样的整齐划一的要求就像他论文的写作所反映的一样，那么管理层就不该因歧视研究者中的“思维与众不同的人”，喜欢其中较为传统的“善于团队合作”的思想者而受到指责了。

68.[参考译文]当今人与人在很大程度上的平等--即面对自然淘汰法则人人机会均等，并且连子嗣的数目都一样--意味着和在印度土著部落中的情况相比，印度中上层阶级中已丧失了80%的自然选择中的优势。

69.[参考译文]当艺术领域的一个新运动发展成某种流行时尚时，最好应该弄清这场运动倡导者的真正意图，因为，不管他们的原则在今天看来多么牵强无理，很可能多年以后他们的理论会被视为正常。

70.[参考译文]然而就未来主义诗歌来说，情况则不这么简单了，因为不管未来主义诗歌是什么--就算承认它赖以存在的理论基础都是正确的--这种形式也很难被归入文学。

篇6：GRE阅读解题3大关键点介绍

GRE阅读解题3大关键点介绍把握要点顺利做难题

GRE考试中，GRE阅读理解需要把握以下这3个关键点，这样才能算是读懂了一篇文章，如果弄不懂这3个方面的内容，也无法选出答案。

(1) 整体理解General Understanding:

主要是解决两个问题：

A. 文章主旨观点Main Idea or Point

B. 逻辑论述展开Logical Development or Organization

(2) 细节理解Specific Understanding:

主要是解决两个问题：

A. 特定细节信息Specific Details

B. 逻辑细节信息Logical Details(细节中最为重要的东西，也是最需要我们在读文章时思考和掌握的细节)

(3) 内容评估Evaluating:

主要是解决三个问题：

A. 暗示推理Implication

B. 信息应用Further application

C. 论调态度Tone / attitude

GRE阅读练习每日一篇

Geologists have long known that the Earth’s mantle is heterogeneous, but its spatial arrangement remains unresolved—is the mantle essentially layered or irregularly heterogeneous? The best evidence for the layered mantle thesis is the well-established fact that volcanic rocks found on oceanic islands, islands believed to result from mantle plumes (地柱) arising from the lower mantle, are composed of material fundamentally different from that of the midocean ridge system, whose source, most geologists contend, is the upper mantle.

Some geologists, however, on the basis of observations concerning mantle xenoliths, argue that the mantle is not layered, but that heterogeneity is created by fluids rich in “incompatible elements” (elements tending toward liquid rather than solid state) percolating upward and transforming portions of the upper mantle irregularly, according to the vagaries of the fluids’ pathways. We believe, perhaps unimaginatively, that this debate can be resolved through further study, and that the underexplored midocean ridge system is the key.

17. Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage?

(A) Current theories regarding the structure of the Earth’s mantle cannot account for new discoveries regarding the composition of mantle xenoliths.

(B) There are conflicting hypotheses about the heterogeneity of the Earth’s mantle because few mantle elements have been thoroughly studied.

(D) There is clear-cut disagreement within the geological community over the structure of the Earth’s mantle.

(E) There has recently been a strong and exciting challenge to geologists’ long-standing belief in the heterogeneity of the Earth’s mantle.

18. According to the passage, it is believed that oceanic islands are formed from

(A) the same material as mantle xenoliths

(B) the same material as the midocean ridge system

(D) incompatible elements percolating up from the lower mantle

(E) mantle plumes arising from the lower mantle

19. It can be inferred from the passage that the supporters of the “layered-mantle” theory believe which of the following?

I. The volcanic rocks on oceanic islands are composed of material derived from the lower part of the mantle.

II. The materials of which volcanic rocks on oceanic islands and midocean ridges are composed are typical of the layers from which they are thought to originate.

III. The differences in composition between volcanic rocks on oceanic islands and the midocean ridges are a result of different concentrations of incompatible elements.

(A) I only

(B) III only

(D) II and III only

(E) I, II, and III

20. The authors suggest that their proposal for determining the nature of the mantle’s heterogeneity might be considered by many to be

(A) pedestrian

(B) controversial

(D) novel

(E) paradoxical

Many literary detectives have pored over (沉思，深思熟虑) a great puzzle concerning the writer Marcel Proust: what happened in 1909? How did Contre Saint-Beuve, an essay attacking the methods of the critic Saint Beuve, turn into the start of the novel Remembrance of Things Past? A recently published letter from Proust to the editor Vallette confirms that Fallois, the editor of the 1954 edition of Contre Saint-Beuve, made an essentially correct guess about the relationship of the essay to the novel. Fallois proposed that Proust had tried to begin a novel in 1908, abandoned it for what was to be a long demonstration of Saint-Beuve’s blindness to the real nature of great writing, found the essay giving rise to personal memories and fictional developments, and allowed these to take over in a steadily developing novel.

Draft passages in Proust’s 1909 notebooks indicate that the transition from essay to novel began in Contre Saint-Beuve, when Proust introduced several examples to show the powerful influence that involuntary memory exerts over the creative imagination. In effect, in trying to demonstrate that the imagination is more profound and less submissive to the intellect than Saint-Beuve assumed, Proust elicited vital memories of his own and, finding subtle connections between them, began to amass the material for Remembrance. By August, Proust was writing to Vallette, informing him of his intention to develop the material as a novel. Maurice Bardeche, in Marcel Proust, romancier, has shown the importance in the drafts of Remembrance of spontaneous and apparently random associations of Proust’s subconscious. As incidents and reflections occurred to Proust, he continually inserted new passages altering and expanding his narrative. But he found it difficult to control the drift of his inspiration. The very richness and complexity of the meaningful relationships that kept presenting and rearranging themselves on all levels, from abstract intelligence to profound dreamy feelings, made it difficult for Proust to set them out (to state, describe, or recite at length “distributed copies of a pamphlet setting out his ideas in full S. F. Mason”) coherently. The beginning of control came when he saw how to connect the beginning and the end of his novel.

Intrigued by Proust’s claim that he had “begun and finished” Remembrance at the same time, Henri Bonnet discovered that parts of Remembrance’s last book were actually started in 1909. Already in that year, Proust had drafted descriptions of his novel’s characters in their old age that would appear in the final book of Remembrance, where the permanence of art is set against the ravages of time. The letter to Vallette, drafts of the essay and novel, and Bonnet’s researches establish in broad outline the process by which Proust generated his novel out of the ruins of his essay. But those of us who hoped, with Kolb, that Kolb’s newly published complete edition of Proust’s correspondence for 1909 would document the process in greater detail are disappointed. For until Proust was confident that he was at last in sight of a viable structure for Remembrance, he told few correspondents that he was producing anything more ambitious than Contre Saint-Beuve.

21. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) the role of involuntary memory in Proust’s writing

(B) evidence concerning the genesis of Proust’s novel Remembrance of Things Past

(D) Proust’s correspondence and what it reveals about Remembrance of Things Past

(E) the influence of Saint-Beuve’s criticism on Proust’s novel Remembrance of Things Past

22. It can be inferred from the passage that all of the following are literary detectives who have tried, by means of either scholarship or criticism, to help solve the “great puzzle” mentioned in lines 1-2 EXCEPT:

(A) Bardeche

(B) Bonnet

(D) Kolb

(E) Vallette

23. According to the passage, in drafts of Contre Saint Beuve Proust set out to show that Saint-Beuve made which of the following mistakes as a critic?

I. Saint-Beuve made no effort to study the development of a novel through its drafts and revisions.

II. Saint-Beuve assigned too great a role in the creative process to a writer’s conscious intellect.

III. Saint-Beuve concentrated too much on plots and not enough on imagery and other elements of style.

(A) II only

(B) III only

(D) I and III only

(E) I, II, and III

24. Which of the following best states the author’s attitude toward the information that scholars have gathered about Proust’s writing in 1909?

(A) The author is disappointed that no new documents have come to light since Fallois’s speculations.

(B) The author is dissatisfied because there are too many gaps and inconsistencies in the drafts.

(C) The author is confident that Fallois’s 1954 guess has been proved largely correct, but regrets that still more detailed documentation concerning Proust’s transition from the essay to the novel has not emerged.

(D) The author is satisfied that Fallois’s judgment was largely correct, but feels that Proust’s early work in designing and writing the novel was probably far more deliberate than Fallois’s description of the process would suggest.

(E) The author is satisfied that the facts of Proust’s life in 1909 have been thoroughly established, but believes such documents as drafts and correspondence are only of limited value in a critical assessment of Proust’s writing.

25. The author of the passage implies that which of the following would be the LEAST useful source of information about Proust’s transition from working on Contre Saint-Beuve to having a viable structure for Remembrance of Things Past?

(A) Fallois’s comments in the 1954 edition of Contre Saint-Beuve

(B) Proust’s 1909 notebooks, including the drafts of Remembrance of Things Past

(D) Bardeche’s Marcel Proust, romancier

(E) Bonnet’s researches concerning Proust’s drafts of the final book of Remembrance of Things Past

26. The passage offers information to answer which of the following questions?

(A) Precisely when in 1909 did Proust decide to abandon Contre Saint-Beuve?

(B) Precisely when in 1909 did Proust decide to connect the beginning and the end of Remembrance of Things Past?

(D) What specific criticisms of Saint-Beuve appear, in fictional form, in Remembrance of Things Past?

(E) What is a theme concerning art that appears in the final book of Remembrance of Things Past?

27. Which of the following best describes the relationship between Contre Saint-Beuve and Remembrance of Things Past as it is explained in the passage?

(A) Immediately after abandoning Contre Saint-Beuve, at Vallette’s suggestion, Proust started Remembrance as a fictional demonstration that Saint-Beuve was wrong about the imagination.

(B) Immediately after abandoning Contre Saint-Beuve, at Vallette’s suggestion, Proust turned his attention to Remembrance, starting with incidents that had occurred to him while planning the essay.

(C) Despondent that he could not find a coherent structure for Contre Saint-Beuve, an essay about the role of memory in fiction, Proust began instead to write Remembrance, a novel devoted to important early memories.

(D) While developing his argument about the imagination in Contre Saint-Beuve, Proust described and began to link together personal memories that became a foundation for Remembrance.

(E) While developing his argument about memory and imagination in Contre Saint-Beuve, Proust created fictional characters to embody the abstract themes in his essay.

答案：17-27：DECABEACCED

篇7：GRE阅读提取解题线索技巧介绍

GRE阅读提取解题线索技巧介绍文章要有重点的看

新GRE阅读做题要抓文章重点

1. 强对比、强转折、双重否定

2. 比较级、最高级、唯一性、“所有”, only, in particular

3. 大写名词、斜体字做好标记

4. 有关时间的句子,弄清楚前后关系

5. 反复出现的关键词,弄清其含义

6. 虚拟、让步语气

7. 转折、比较弄清比较双方是谁

8. 文章脉络,作者的观点和倾向,评价最重要

新GRE阅读题型分类要清楚了解

1.按写作方法分：presentation[立论], argument[评论]

2.按写作套路分：新旧观点型、现象解释型、结论解释型、问题解决型

3.按题材分：文学评论,美国历史,弱势群体,生命科学

新GRE阅读整体思路和方法

GRE阅读长难句实例分析

以下是GRE阅读长难句实例分析。

The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers，previously，in many cases，the only women employers would hire. (5)

二十世纪已婚妇女在家庭以外就业的人数不断增加，这与家务的机械化及这些妇女闲暇时间的增加并无多大联系，更多地是与妇女自身的经济需要和高婚姻率相关。高婚姻率致使所能雇佣的单身女工的总量缩减，而在此之前的许多情形中，单身女性则是雇主们所愿雇佣的唯一—一类妇女。The pool of 如果后面跟着一群人，则表示劳动力资源

难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语

解释：主语the increase之后照例来了一堆修饰成分。后面的had less to do with…than do with…的意思是与前面的东西的关系不如与后面的关系那么重要，相当于中文的与其说还不如说…。但是本句的比较双方都是又臭又长的由and所连接的两个名词性短语，令读者阅读时的思维难以连贯。The pool of如果后面跟着一种人群，则这个词组指劳动力资源。

意群训练：The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentieth century had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers，previously，in many cases，the only women employers would hire.

GRE阅读长难句实例分析

以下是GRE阅读长难句实例分析。

For one thing, no population can be driven entirely by density-independent factors all the time.(5)难句类型：正话反说

请思考：如果文中说这句话的前提是：all population are driven by two (and only two) categories of growth parameters, one is density-independent factors, and the other is density-independent factors. 那么作者说上面的这句话有什么用意。

解释：本句虽然貌不惊人，但本书既然将其收录进来，并标出难度5，就意味着其中有怪异之处。值得一提的是，本文前面曾把控制种群密度的因素分为两种，一种叫做density-dependent factors(这里简称d-d因素)，另一种叫做dentsity-independent factors(简称d-I因素)。原文的直译虽然好懂，但是总令人感觉说得不甚明白。显然，GRE或GMAT的作者不可能随便说一句无关痛痒的话，那么没有任何种群能够在所有的时间全被d-I因素所控制，其真正意思是什么呢?就是：一切种群都必然在某个时间内受到d-d因素的控制。本句是ETS在考试中惯用的正话反说的典型例子，请读者深沉体会。本句在文章中也是理解作者态度的关键所在。

意群训练：For one thing, no population can be driven entirely by density-independent factors all the time.

GRE阅读长难句实例分析

以下是GRE阅读长难句实例分析。

In order to understand the nature of the ecologist’s investigation，we may think of the density-dependent effects on growth parameters as the “signal” ecologists are trying to isolate and interpret，one that tends to make the population increase from relatively low values or decrease from relatively high ones，while the density-independent effects act to produce “noise” in the population dynamics. (5)

为了能理解生态学家们所从事的研究的性质，我们可以把那些作用于增长参数的密度依赖效应视作生态学家们力图将其分离并予以解释的“信号”，正是这一信号倾向于使种群从相对较低的数值递增，或从相对较高的数值递减;而与此同时，那些密度独立效应起到的作用则构成了种群动态变化中的“噪音”。

难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、省略

解释：句子不仅很长，而且有两个地方看上去不舒服，第一：think of ..as…不是很常见，其实think of 这个词组就等于consider, imagine，加上后面的as就是把….认为是…的意思。第二个不习惯的地方是signal后面的大段修饰语，不但长度很长，而且在signal后面还省略了一个that，正常应该是the signal that ecologists are trying to isolate and interpret，与前面见过对that的省略不同的是，这次that在句中不是句子的宾语，而是不定式动词的宾语。

意群训练：In order to understand the nature of the ecologist’s investigation, we may think of the density-dependent effects on growth parameters as the “signal” ecologists are trying to isolate and interpret, one that tends to make the population increase from relatively low values or decrease from relatively high ones, while the density-independent effects act to produce “noise” in the population dynamics.

篇8：GRE阅读如何提取解题线索技巧介绍

GRE阅读提取解题线索技巧介绍文章要有重点的看

GRE阅读题目怎么做，这是每个踏入GRE备考工作的考生都十分关心的问题。一般来说，在做GRE阅读题时，从阅读文章开始就需要进行思考。在看一篇阅读文章的时候，尽可能多的获得信息，就可以大量节省时间，同时做题也会更流畅。下面就由来介绍具体的阅读方法。

GRE阅读做题要抓文章重点

1. 强对比、强转折、双重否定

2. 比较级、最高级、唯一性、“所有”, only, in particular

3. 大写名词、斜体字做好标记

4. 有关时间的句子,弄清楚前后关系

5. 反复出现的关键词,弄清其含义

6. 虚拟、让步语气

7. 转折、比较弄清比较双方是谁

8. 文章脉络,作者的观点和倾向,评价最重要

GRE阅读题型分类要清楚了解

1.按写作方法分：presentation[立论], argument[评论]

2.按写作套路分：新旧观点型、现象解释型、结论解释型、问题解决型

3.按题材分：文学评论,美国历史,弱势群体,生命科学

GRE阅读整体思路和方法

【高分GRE阅读材料】女孩变美成长为魅力女性要接受多少洗礼?

FOR tips on taking a selfie, talk to teenage girls.Many know that your “good” side is the one without your parting, and that it is slimming topose with a hand on hip and legs “bevelled” (one straight, the other bent). Not quite pleasedwith the results? Simply download one of many “selfie surgery apps” to edit blemishes, whitenteeth and shrink noses.

想知道自拍的小贴士的就去问那些少女吧。很多人都明白好看的自拍照就是不露出身体的其他部位，或者一只手放在臀部，两条腿倾斜(一条伸直，另一条弯曲)。如果你对这个拍摄结果仍不满意的话，很简单，在众多自拍手机软件中下载一个可以遮瑕祛斑、美白牙齿和挺鼻功能的app即可。

这篇阅读材料还有MP3音频哦!下载>>传送门

Adolescents have always been keenly aware of how they are seen by their peers. But socialmedia amplify this self-consciousness. Now that nearly three-quarters of American teens have access to a smartphone, many of them while away their days broadcasting their thoughts,photos and lapses in judgment for immediate praise or scorn from hundreds of “friends”.Being a teenager was never easy, but this is the first time your charm, looks or popularity have been so readily quantifiable, and your mistakes so easy for others to see. Just how this technological revolution affects young people—and particularly young women—is the subject of two fascinating new American books.

青少年总是能够很敏锐地意识到他们的同龄人是如何评价自己的。但是社交媒体将这种自我意识放大了。现在近四分之三的美国青少年都在使用智能手机。很多人会上传他们的想法，照片来消磨度日，为了成百的朋友的点赞或嘲笑而陷入别人的评价中。作为青少年并不容易，这是你的魅力、外貌和知名度第一次如此容易量化，同时你的错误也很容易被他人看到。技术变革如何影响年轻人，尤其是年轻女性，是美国两本极具吸引力的新书主题。

For many girls, the constant seeking of “likes” and attention on social media can “feel like beinga contestant in a never-ending beauty pageant”, writes Nancy Jo Sales in “American Girls”, athoroughly researched if sprawling book. In this image-saturated environment, comments on girls' photos tend to focus disproportionately on looks, bullying is common and anxieties about female rivals are rife. In interviews, girls complain of how hard it is to appear “hot” butnot “slutty”, sexually confident but not “thirsty” (ie, desperate). That young women of ten aspire to be titillating should not be surprising given that the most successful female celebrities often present themselves as eye-candy for the male gaze. “Everybody wants to take a selfie as good as the Kardashians',” says Maggie, a 13-year-old.

南希在《美国女孩》一书(一本体系庞大研究彻底的书)中写道，对于很多女孩来说，在社交媒体上持续不断地追求“点赞”和被关注感觉像是在参加一个永无止境的选美比赛。在这个图片饱和的时代，对女孩照片的评论过多地集中在长相上，欺凌最常见不过了，女性之间的竞争焦虑盛行。在采访中，女孩们抱怨要做到看起来火热而不淫荡，在两性方面自信而不显得饥渴。年轻女性经常渴望成为撩人一方，这不足为奇，因为最成功的的女明星往往会展现自己的魅力，从而让男性大饱眼福。13岁的玛吉说每个人都想要像卡戴珊一样有好看的自拍照。

Such self-objectification comes at a cost. A review of studies from 12 industrialised countries found that adolescent girls around the world are increasingly depressed and anxious about their weight and appearance.

如此的自我人格物化需要付出一定的代价。一项关于12个工业化国家的研究回顾表明，全世界青春期的女生对她们的体重外貌感到越来越沮丧和焦虑。

【GRE阅读资料】常春藤盟校辉今非昔比申请留学美国还需慎重择校

“WE DO not release statistics on grade-point averages so we can't speak to the accuracy of the information you have.” That was a flack forYale, but other Ivy League colleges—with the partial exception of Princeton—were equallyreluctant to discuss their grading practices with The Economist.

“我们并不发布有关平均绩点的统计数据因此无法回应你所持有的信息的准确性。”这是耶鲁大学的宣传手段，但是其他的常春藤联盟高校，除了普林斯顿大学之外，都不愿与《经济学人》讨论他们的打分详情。

Are they trying to hide something? Perhaps. Stuart Rojstaczer, a critic of grade inflation, hasestimated average grades over time by combining dozens of unofficial and official sources. Theresults are startling (see chart). In 1950, Mr Rojstaczer estimates, Harvard's average grade was a C-plus. An article from in the Harvard Crimson, a student newspaper, revealed thatthe median grade had soared to A-minus: the most commonly awarded grade is an A. Thestudents may be much cleverer than before: the Ivies are no longer gentlemen's clubs for richknuckleheads. But most probably, their marks mean less.

他们是不是试图逃避什么?也许是吧!斯科特·罗伊斯塔柴尔这个对分数贬值进行批判的学者通过综合各种非官方和官方资源估计了平均分。结果令人震惊。1950年，罗伊斯塔柴尔估计哈佛的平均分是C+。来自《哈佛深红报》学生报纸的一篇文章透露该校的平均成绩已经遽升至A-;最常见的打分是A。或许现在的学生要比从前的聪明很多，常春藤联盟高校不再是富裕的笨孩子的绅士俱乐部。但更可能的是，他们的分数的含金量不如从前高。

Universities pump up grades because many students like it. Administrators claim that toughgrading leads to rivalry and stress for students. But if that is true, why have grades at all?Brilliant students complain that, thanks to grade inflation, little distinguishes them from their so-so classmates. Employers agree. When so many students get As, it is hard to figure outwho is clever and who is not.

高校提高分数是因为许多学生喜欢高分数。管理者声称严格的打分制会激化学生们的竞争意识会增加他们的压力。但是倘若这一假设属实，那我们干嘛还要分数?成绩优异的学生抱怨感谢分数贬值，他们不再能够在那些资质平平的学生中脱颖而出。招聘方也同意这种说法。当所有的学生都拿A时，实在是难以区分谁更聪明。

特别申明：本文内容来源网络，版权归原作者所有，如有侵权请立即与我们联系contactus@zha

GRE考试阅读真题及答案

From 1910 to 1913, women suffragists in the United States organized annual parades—activity traditionally conducted by men to proclaim solidarity in some cause—not only as a public expression of suffragist solidarity but also a conscious transgression of the rules of social order: women’s very presence in the streets challenged traditional notions of femininity and restrictions on women’s conduct. While recognizing the parade’s rhetorical force as a vehicle for social change, scholars have recently begun to examine its drawbacks as a form of protest. Lumsden characterizes the American suffrage parade as a “double-edged sword”, arguing that women’s efforts to proclaim their solidarity left them open to patronizing commentary from press and public and to organized opposition from antisuffragists.

1. It can be inferred from the passage that men’s and women’s parades were similar in that both

A. were employed as rhetorical vehicles for social change

B. were regarded as violating contemporary standards of public decorum

C. made participants vulnerable to organized opposition

D. were largely ineffective as forms of protest

E. were intended by their participants as public declarations of solidarity

2. The passage suggests which of the following about proponents of the “rules of social order?”

A. They frowned upon public displays such as parades.

B. They had ulterior motives for objecting to women’s participation in suffrage parades.

C. They formed the core of the organized opposition to women suffrage.

D. They believed that it was unfeminine for women to march in suffrage parades.

E. They supported women’s rights to vote but disapprove some of the methods that suffragists employed to gain that right.

答案：

E D

篇9：托福阅读6个文章重点介绍

托福阅读6个文章重点介绍这些细节出题点要详细看懂

托福阅读详读部分：重要的逻辑关系(relation)

很多考生在阅读文章的时候只注意到了文章所阐述的重要内容，但是忽略了信息之间的逻辑关系，因而对信息关联理解不准确(incorrect)，这也是一种严重的错误(mistake)。因此，在阅读过程中记录下信息之间所产生的逻辑关系可以避免(avoid)考生丢失信息之间的关联信息。

托福阅读详读部分：主题段和主题句的关键词(key words)

托福阅读文章中的主题段和主题句都是参与搭建文章结构的，因此记录它们中的几个关键词对于把握全文的结构非常重要。同时，文章中有很多的重要信息(information )也会包含在这部分内容中。

托福阅读详读部分：举例主体

有的时候为了说明某些理论和观点，文章中会出现大段的举例文字。实际上(in fact )，TOEFL考试中考查这些例子具体内容(specific content)的时候非常少，而更多的是考查作者使用这些例子的原因(reason)或它们所证明的观点。因此，考生在快速笔记中只需要记录下例子是什么就可以了，至于例子中所阐述的具体信息，可以适当忽略(omit)。

托福阅读详读部分：时间和数字(number)

一般来说，出现时间概念的文章(essay)或段落通常和时间顺序(order)有关，作者会用不同的时间点串出一条时间线索(clue)。而个别数字的出现则意味着这个数字所阐述概念的重要性是不容忽视的(ignored)，因此，除非文章中出现了数据堆积的现象(phenomenon)，考生都需要把数字记录(record)下来。在记录时间和数字时需要注意两个问题(question)，一是在记录时间的同时要同步记录下该时间点所发生事件的关键词，二是无论文章中的时间和数字是什么形式(form)，考生在记录的时候都一律记录成阿拉伯数字，以便于之后做托福阅读题时的查询。

托福阅读详读部分：人名、地名和专有名词(proper noun)

这些概念在文章中出现的时候，一般都会出现大写字母或引号等标记(sign)，非常有利于信息索引和定位。此外，当提到这几个具体的概念时 (concept)，文章通常是在用这些概念说明某个理论或者观点(opinion)，因此记录下这些概念对于理解相关理论和观点可以起到一定的辅助作用。

托福阅读详读部分：新概念和局部核心概念

所谓“新概念”是指当考生读到文章某个位置时，之前没有出现过的概念。这种新概念的出现(appearance)，意味着已有的概念已经不能说明这里要阐述的问题，所以，新概念的出现必然也意味着一个重要信息的出现。而“局部核心概念”是指在连续的几个段落中集中阐述的主题概念，对于这种概念来说，无论是作为观点还是举例大家都应该注意(pay attention to)，因为它显然是作为重点在文章中被强调的(emphasized)，也很可能是托福阅读试题的关键。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：木卫四内部的物质形态

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

This tells us that Callisto has far less of the rocky metallic materials found in the inner planets and must instead be an icy body through much of its interior.

结构分析：

复合句，其中包含that 引导的宾语从句。

句子分析：

主句中this作主语，tells谓语，us宾语，that引导宾语从句。宾语从句中，Callisto作主语，has...(谓语1)和must be an icy body(谓语2)为并列谓语。谓语1中，has 为动词， less of the rocky metallic materials 作宾语,found in the inner planets是后置定语修饰rocky metallic materials。本部分的意思：这告诉我们，在内行星中,木卫四的岩石金属物质含量较少。

谓语2为系表结构，an icy body为表语，through much of its interior为状语。本部分意思：相反，它内部的大部分物质一定以冰态存在。

参考翻译：

这告诉我们：在内行星中，木卫四的岩石金属物质含量较少;相反，它内部的大部分物质一定以冰态存在。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：海洋爬行动物的灭绝

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

The K-T event marked the end of the marine reptile s, such as the mosasaurs and the plesiosaurs, which were the largest creatures that had ever lived in the seas and which ruled the seas long before whales evolve d.

结构分析：

复合句，句中含有两个which引导的定语从句，that引导的定语从句，before引导的宾语从句。

句子分析：

主句The K-T event marked the end of the marine reptiles, such as the mosasaurs and the plesiosaurs中，The K-T event为主语，marked 为谓语， the end 为宾语，of the marine reptiles 为定语修饰the end。such as the mosasaurs and the plesiosaurs为插入语。本部分的意思：K-T事件标志着沧龙、蛇颈龙等海洋爬行动物的灭绝。

which were the largest creatures that had ever lived in the seas和which ruled the seas long before whales evolved为并列的定语从句，修饰the marine reptiles。第一个定语从句中， which作主语，were the largest creatures 为系表结构;that引导的定语从句修饰creatures, that在从句中作主语，had ever lived 作谓语，in the seas为状语。第二个定语从句中，which 作主语，ruled作谓语，the seas作宾语;before 引导时间状语从句，其中whales作主语，evolved 为谓语。本部分的意思：它们是此前海洋里生存过的最大生物，在鲸鱼开始进化之前，它们已经统治海底世界长达数年之久。

参考翻译：

K-T事件标志着沧龙、蛇颈龙等海洋爬行动物的灭绝。他们是此前海洋里生存过的最大生物，在鲸鱼开始进化之前，他们已经统治海底世界长达数年之久。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：青蛙物种改变皮肤结构

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

Frog species that remain exposed to the sun despite high diurnal temperatures exhibit some fascinating modifications in the skin structure that function as morphological adaptations.

结构分析：

复合句，主句带有that引导的定语从句，despite引导的让步状语从句，又接that引导的定语从句。

句子分析：

主句中， frog species 主语，后接that引导的定语从句修饰这个主语。从句中that充当主语，remain 系动词 exposed to表语，系表和在一起作为从句的谓语部分，the sun 宾语。接下来，despite引导的状语从句中，high diurnal temperatures 做主语，exhibit谓语，some fascinating modifications 宾语， in the skin structure定语。本部分意思：尽管白天气温高，暴露在太阳下的青蛙物种在皮肤结构中出现了一些有趣的改变。

that引导的从句修饰modifications，不是structure，有同学总以为that修饰离它最近的名词，但是这想法是错的。从句中,谓语部分里的function，并没有第三人称单数，所以function服务的主语是个复数，因此这个从句在修饰modifications. function as morphological adaptations 整个动词短语做谓语部分。本部分意思：其作用是形态适应。

参考翻译：

尽管白天气温高，暴露在太阳下的青蛙物种在皮肤结构中出现了一些有趣的改变，其作用是形态适应。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：两栖类动物调节体温

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

In contrast to mammals and birds, amphibians are unable to produce thermal energy through their metabolic activity, which would allow them to regulate their body temperature independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature.

结构分析：

复合句，本句中带有which引导的非限制性定语从句。

句子分析：

In contrast to mammals and birds, 状语说明amphibians的情况。amphibian 主语， are unable to produce =cannot produce 相当于复合谓语，thermal energy 宾语， through their metabolic activity 定语。本部分的意思是：与哺乳动物和鸟类相反，两栖类动物不能通过他们的代谢活动产生热量。

which引导的从句中，which充当主语，would allow 谓语， them作为宾语，to regulate their body temperature,宾语补足语。independent of the surrounding or ambient temperature 定语。本部分的意思：这将允许它们脱离周围环境温度调节体温。

参考翻译：

与哺乳动物和鸟类相反，两栖类动物不能通过他们的代谢活动产生热量，这将允许它们脱离周围环境温度调节体温。

篇10：GRE填空解题流程介绍

1. 判断题目究竟是哪种类型，例如有因果型、对比型、平行型、补述说明型和分号型。

2. 找出答案关键字。遇到有主要子句和附属子句的多复合句，如果空格在主要子句，那么答题的关键字一定是在附属子句中。

3. 填空题有时是一个空格，有时是两个空格。如果是两个空格，则选题时先做由关键字决定的那一个格。

4. 由题型和题意，判定空格内的字应该具有正面还是负面意思。

5. 根据关键字，采用排除法剔除一切不可能的选项。

6. 如果时间允许，将你选择的答案代入空格，再重读一次。

新GRE填空题解题建议

1. 单词背诵不能放松

尽管在之前的考试改革中，填空题部分取消了类比反义词，但这并不代表参加GRE考试就不需要很大的词汇量，恰恰相反，现在ETS在填空部分对词汇提出了更高更精确的要求。因此，背单词仍然是参加考试的首要任务。

2. 加大阅读训练质与量

由于新GRE更多的考察大家对于单词的用法和精确含义的掌握，同时在填空中加深了对阅读理解能力的考查。因此，大量的阅读训练必不可少。

3. 适当延长备考周期

相比词汇记忆，阅读理解能力的提高需要话费的时间和精力都更多，在单纯的词汇记忆对分数提高已经没有那么明显的情况下，建议各位考生根据自己的实际英语水平和复习情况适当延长备考时间，给自己更多的学习和准备时间。

4. 抛掉侥幸心理，保持放松心态

虽然新GRE考试的填空题部分依旧只有客观题，但是现在猜对选项的概率相比之前已经大大下降了，所以大家最好还是不要存有侥幸心理，脚踏实地的认真备战。依靠自己的真实实实力应对新GRE考试。

篇11：GRE填空解题流程介绍

填空题通常出现在词汇部分(Verbal Section)的最前面，一共七题。填空题考的是对英文句子整体性的了解。考生不但要懂得串联上下文和辨识文法结构，还要具备丰富的词汇量，大多数考生一般是把答案带入空格去做拼图游戏，这样既浪费时间又无效果。

新GRE填空题与托福填空题的区别

GRE的填空题与托福语法里的填空题截然不同。托福里的句子填空题测试的纯粹是语法，简单地说，就是句法，所以托福的填空题才有句法的别称。

上面就最实用的GRE填空解题方法汇总介绍，希望各位考生都能从文中有所收获，顺利完成填空题部分的解答。

GRE考试填空常考要点练习试题及答案

Although Mount Saint Helens has been more ____ during the last 4,500 years than any other volcano in the coterminous United States , its long dormancy before its recent eruption belied its violent nature.

A awe-inspiring

B gaseous

C explosive

D familiar

E volatile

F peaceful

选CE

翻译：尽管圣海伦斯火山在最近45里比周围任何一座美国火山都活跃，但最近爆发之前的漫长休眠期掩盖了它的超强破坏力。

coterminous 比邻的，有共同边界的

belie 给人错误印象

awe-inspiring 使人敬畏、惊惧的

gaseous 气态的，充气的，(气态而非实体而显得)不可靠的

explosive (易)爆炸的，(易)爆发的

volatile 易挥发的，不稳定的，很可能急剧波动的，(性格等)无常多变的

GRE考试填空常考要点练习试题及答案

Although ___ , almost self-effacing in his private life, he displays in his plays and essays a strong ___ publicity and controversy .

A conventional

D penchant for

B retiring

E aversion toward

C evasive

F impatience with

选BD

翻译：尽管离群索居，过着相当低调的生活，但他在剧作和杂文中，表现出对公共事物以及论战的强烈兴趣。

self-effacing：谦虚的，不引人注意的，不求闻达的

retiring：保守害羞的，离群索居的

evasive 逃避推诿的，闪烁其辞的，不坦诚的

GRE考试填空常考要点练习试题及答案

Natural selection tends to eliminate genes that cause inherited diseases , acting most strongly against the most severe diseases ; consequently , hereditary diseases that are ___ would be expected to be very ___ , but , surprisingly , they are not .

A lethal

D perplexing

B unusual

E rare

C widespread

F acute

选AE

翻译：自然选择倾向于淘汰那些导致遗传病的基因，尤其是多数严重的疾病，由此可推，致命的的遗传病本该很少见，但令人惊讶的是，实际情况并非如此。

perplex 使复杂化，使困惑

acute 尖锐的，敏感的，剧烈的，急性的，锐角的

GRE考试填空常考要点练习试题及答案

In order to ___ her theory that the reactions are ___ , the scientist conducted many experiments, all of which showed that the heat of the first reaction is more than twice that of the second.

A support

D different

B comprehend

E problematic

C capture

F concentrated

选AD

翻译：科学家认为两个反应是不同的，为了证明这个观点，她主导了很多实验，所有结果都显示第一种反应释放的热量是第二种反应的两倍以上。

in order to 目的

capture 俘虏，用武力或技巧赢得(某物)，捕捉(图像或声音等)

problematic 未知的，疑难的，值得怀疑的

concentrate 集中，全神贯注于，浓缩

最实用

篇12：GRE阅读复习重点

GRE阅读复习重点

1、英文阅读过程中，快速归纳逻辑链条的能力。很多学生阅读仍然停留在翻译的阶段，这在新GRE中会带来很大麻烦。

2、增强逻辑思维训练，GRE本质来讲，是对英语为母语者的能力考试。考察逻辑思维的敏捷程度，严谨程度，是这个考试的本质。

同时我们复习什么可以增强GRE阅读重点的培养呢?

六大GRE阅读高分必备，包括：有一定的词汇量、对句子有基本的理解能力、熟悉考点和题型、智慧读原文、考点详细读，非出题点略读以及选答案有方法技巧等。

有一定的词汇量

GRE所需掌握的单词要少的多，这些词往往都是些GRE阅读专属词汇，且重复率很高，只需集中背记一下就可以解决基本问题。

对句子有基本的理解能力

GRE阅读有很多阅读技巧，但它只是一种锦上添花的东西，要在你对文章的大意甚至对一些具体的内容有一定的理解的基础上才能发挥作用，而这个基础就体现在对句子的理解上。

熟悉考点和题型

GRE阅读考了很多年，已经呈现出了明确、固定的出题点和试题类型，考生应该对它们有充分的了解。

智慧读原文

要靠读懂全文来做对题，对中国考生来说是一件很难的事情，即使把文章全部翻译成中文，也很难在如此短的时间内逐字逐句理解全文，更何况是生词连篇、复杂难懂的英文，所以我们要靠快速读文法，学会抓重点。

考点详细读，非出题点略读

这句话非常简单，然而，很多考生往往很难做到这一点，有的考生是不知道什么有用，不知道哪儿是出题点，也就不知道哪里详读哪里略读，只好全文都一样重点的读，其实也就等于全文都没读好。

选答案有方法、有技巧

GRE阅读的答案的确是有一些特点的。有一些答案一看就是正确答案，说得客观严谨、小心翼翼，有的一看就是错的，这里面包含一些特定的规律。

选择答案其实也有一定的方法，到哪儿找答案(定位)，怎么看选项(竖读、先读主干等)，按照什么依据排除干扰选项，怎么确定自己选择的是不是对的(文字对应法)，时间不够了怎么选等等。这些都需要考生在备考GRE阅读中逐步了解，融会贯通。

GRE阅读：长难句分析

This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests， may have derived from West African rules governing marriage，which，though they differed from one tribal group to another，all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin. (3+)

难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语

译文：古特曼表示，这种对于外部通婚的偏爱很有可能缘起于西部非洲制约着婚姻的规定，尽管这些规定在一个和另一个部落群体之间不尽相同，但都涉及到某种对近亲联姻(union with close kin)的禁止。

解释：本句有两个插入语，第一个插入语Gutman suggests割裂了主句的主语和谓语。West African rules后跟着两个修饰成分，第一个是分词修饰(governing marriage), 第二个是以which引导的非限定性定语从句，从句中出现了第二个插入语though they differed from one tribal group to another，又割裂了从句引导词与谓语之间的联系。

意群训练：This preference for exogamy，Gutman suggests， may have derived from West African rules governing marriage，which，though they differed from one tribal group to another，all involved some kind of prohibition against unions with close kin.

His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States，but his definition of racial prejudice as “racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition，” can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe. (4+)

难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、抽象词

译文：该社会学家的命题当被应用于针对美国黑人的歧视时，相对而言尚能适用，但他对种族偏见所下的定义——即“以种族为基础的、针对某个群体的消级的先入之见，而该群体在任何特定的种族竞争地区则被普遍认作一种族”——可被理解成同样也襄括了针对加利福尼亚州的中国人以及中世纪的犹太人这样一些种族群体的敌视态度。

解释：本句长度惊人，插入部分比较长，再加上不乏抽象词，所以较为难懂，在表示转折的后半个分钟中，长长的插入语as raciallybased negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of thnic competition作为主语his definition of racial prejudice的同位语，使分句中的主谓相隔千山万水。除此之外，本句用词抽象，语义难以理解，对读者的词汇功底要求较高。考试现场如无法读懂，宜用合理化原则中的取非读法，but之前的分句说的是其论点对美国黑人的种族歧视是较为管用，转折后的内容就应该说其理论对华人和犹太人相对无用。

意群训练：His thesis works relatively well when applied to discrimination against Blacks in the United States，but his definition of racial prejudice as “racially-based negative prejudgments against a group generally accepted as a race in any given region of ethnic competition，”can be interpreted as also including hostility toward such ethnic groups as the Chinese in California and the Jews in medieval Europe.

GRE阅读：长难句分析

Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves’ preference，revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy. (3+)

难句类型：插入语

译文：虽然古特曼承认，由于奴隶买卖而造成的被迫离散甚为频繁，但他还是证明，奴隶的偏爱——在那些奴隶买卖并不频繁的种植园上被最为显著地揭示出来——在很大程度上侧重于稳定的一夫一妻制(monogamy)。

解释：本句中插入语的使用revealed most clearly on plantations where sale wa infrequent, 后半个分句中的主语that slaves' preference与系动词was离得太远，造成阅读的困难。

意群训练：Although Gutman admits that forced separation by sale was frequent，he shows that the slaves’ preference，revealed most clearly on plantations where sale was infrequent，was very much for stable monogamy.

Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore，music，and religious expression from one generation to another，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences. (4)

难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语

译文：古特曼人令人信服地论辨道，黑人家庭的稳定有助于包括民间传说、音乐、及宗教表达在内的黑人文化遗产一代一代传递下去，因而在维持文化遗产方面也起着至关重要的作用，而对于这种文化遗产，黑奴们不断地从其非洲和美洲的经历中予以丰富发展。

解释：由that引导的宾语从句中，encouraged的宾语the transmission of the Black heritage被同时表示并列和转折的and so 分开，给读者造成了阅读上和理解上的困难。最后一个逗号后面的部分是修饰前面的black heritage的同位语。

意群训练：Gutman argues convincingly that the stability of the Black family encouraged the transmission of-and so was crucial in sustaining-the Black heritage of folklore，music，and religious expression from one generation to another，a heritage that slaves were continually fashioning out of their African and American experiences.

篇13：英语阅读GRE阅读如何保持稳定读文章和解题速度

GRE阅读如何保持稳定读文章和解题速度

GRE阅读切忌求快和犹豫不决

GRE阅读注重逻辑感培养

GRE阅读：长难句分析

Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved，the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view，namely，that nerve impulses are essentially homogeneous in quality and are transmitted as “common currency” throughout the nervous system. (4) 尽管在神经能量上存在着质的不同，这一点从来都没有在严格的意义上被反对过，但是以上教条通常被抛弃掉，而转向相反的观点，即：神经冲动从根本上本质相同，而且被当作“一种普通流”在整个神经系统中传播。

难句类型：复杂修饰、双重否定

解释：前半个分句中有一个双重否定，was never rigidly disproved,这种表示法用中文说出来还是比较好懂的，原因是我们熟悉中文的这种表示法，但在英文中出现，因为在以前的学习中见得少，所以感觉上很别扭。因此，同学们的任务，就是通过反复阅读此类句子来熟悉这样的英语。其实在英文表达中，很多双重否定与中文表达是一样的，表示肯定;如not unlimited就等于limited。但是值得读者注意的是在GRE和GMAT这两种对考生的逻辑有苛刻要求的考试中，如果这种双重否定中所涉及的概念不是dichotomous(即二分法的词汇，比如上面例子中的limited和unlimited)，则双重否定不一定表示肯定;比如本例中的not disprove, 不能理解为agree，不反对者中，的确有人会同意，但通常心存疑虑，随大流者居多。不但如此，大双重否定中加上限定词以后，在否定的范围上也有所变化，如本句的be never rigidly disproved，没有完全被反对，不能理解为从来都被严格支持的，而应该理解成从来都可能有人支持的。综上所述，对双重否定的句子，简单的把其置换为肯定，不是最精确的理解。而最好的办法，就是通过多读、多练来熟悉其语言表达及其逻辑方式，按照其字面的表达理解成没有完全否定，然后大脑中反应出其目前的生存状态是一个仍未消失的状态;这种理解才是在考试现场既快速又精确的理解。

运用前面所说的用合理化原则中的取非读法，可以很容易的读出作者在后半个分句中想说前面的那种观点被反对了。但是，初学者会对这个分句中的something be abandoned in favor of something else这种语言表达感到突然，如果理解成因为喜后者而抛弃了前者，虽然也能说得通，但是其实原文从来没有这种因果关系，in favor of强调的是这两种动作的同时性;抛弃了前者，而转向后者，namely之后的内容是前面的opposing view的同位语。

Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size，number， arrangement，and interconnection of the nerve cells，but as far as psycho neural correlations were concerned，the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences. (4 -)

尽管其他实验显示在神经细胞的大小、数量、排列和相互连接上有一些小的差异，但是就心理-神经的关系而言，这些感官区域彼此之间的明显的相似性看起来比起微小的差异更为令人注目。

难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语

解释：在前后两个分句之间有一个插入语as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned。在后面的分句中，主语the obvious similarities之后的、修饰主语的成分较长、以至于有很多读者看到相隔很远的more remarkable than时一下子反应不过来是什么比后者更明显。其简化形式应为：similarities seemed more remarkable than differences。

GRE阅读：长难句分析

Although some experiments show that，as an object becomes familiar，its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel，the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis， at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar. (4+)

虽然某些实验表明，随着一个物体变得熟悉起来，其内心再现图像亦更具整体感，辨认过程相应地更趋于平行，但证据的砝码似乎在支持序列假设(serial hypothesis)，至少是对于那些不甚简单、不甚熟悉的物体来说。

难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语、省略

解释：在Although引导的分句中，谓语shows后面跟着一个长长的宾语从句，从句中先出现一个插入语as an object becomes familiar,之后的内容是由and 连接的两套并列的主谓宾。其实and前后就是两个句子，只不过作者省略了后面的句子中与前面相同的引导词that和谓语become。

句子中有一个生词holistic，其实即使不认识，也能用合理化原则猜出它是后面serial的反义词、parallel的同义词，大约是统一、完整或同时的意思;其实只要能理解到其是与serial相反的意思即可。

意群训练：Although some experiments show that，as an object becomes familiar，its internal representation becomes more holistic and the recognition process correspondingly more parallel，the weight of evidence seems to support the serial hypothesis, at least for objects that are not notably simple and familiar.

In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement，historians have focused a great deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. (3+)

在很大程度上，由于女权主义运动(feminist movement)的缘故，史学家近年来汇聚了大量的注意力，来更为准确地确定妇女在各个历史时期的地位。 Focus A on B;

难句类型：倒装

解释：focus A on B指把A集中于B，本句中介词on的宾语determining/more accurately the status of women invarious periods中有一个小倒装，正常语序应该是determining the status of women in various periods more accurately。

英语阅读

篇14：GRE阅读提取解题线索技巧介绍

GRE阅读提取解题线索技巧介绍

新GRE阅读做题要抓文章重点

1. 强对比、强转折、双重否定

2. 比较级、最高级、唯一性、“所有”, only, in particular

3. 大写名词、斜体字做好标记

4. 有关时间的句子,弄清楚前后关系

5. 反复出现的关键词,弄清其含义

6. 虚拟、让步语气

7. 转折、比较弄清比较双方是谁

8. 文章脉络,作者的观点和倾向,评价最重要

新GRE阅读题型分类要清楚了解

1.按写作方法分：presentation[立论], argument[评论]

2.按写作套路分：新旧观点型、现象解释型、结论解释型、问题解决型

3.按题材分：文学评论,美国历史,弱势群体,生命科学

新GRE阅读整体思路和方法

GRE阅读词汇精选之渗透

douse v.把…浸入水中，用水泼

drenched adj.湿透的

soak v.浸泡，渗透

soaked adj.湿透的

sodden adj.浸透了的

soggy adj.湿透的，濡湿的

souse v.浸在水中，使湿透

steep v.浸泡，浸透

logged adj 笨重的，湿透的

immerse v.浸入，沉浸于

immersion n.沉入，浸入

macerate v.浸软，消瘦

再见，GRE阅读“马后炮”之文章类型

为什么这么说呢?因为这个分类本身就有问题。

比如一篇文章如果这么展开：

一个现象好奇怪呀!

传统的观点是：A可以解释。

但是现在有新的观点：B可以解释。

那这篇文章是属于现象解释型还是新老观点对比型?按照以上分类，这是一篇综合了现象解释和新老观点对比的文章，不能作非此即彼的论断。

再比如，新老观点对比型，这种分类暗示新老观点在文章论述逻辑里的地位是对等的，例如：关于一件事情以前和现在的人看法不一样。以前人们认为X.X.X.但是现在人们认为YYY.

那么请问以下两篇文章能否被涵盖在内：

1. 关于一件事情以前人们的看法是X.X.X。但是他们的看法有问题，正确的看法应该是YYY.

2. 关于一件事情以前人们的看法是X.X.X。但是有一个新的看法是YYY.事实表明YYY这个看法很合理。

很明显这两篇文章和前面例子里的文章不一样，它们都是有作者观点态度的：1文里作者反驳前面观点，2文则是作者在新的看法后面引用事实表示支持。因此这两篇文章的重心都在作者观点态度上。有人可能会说，那再分细一点，加上反驳型文章和作者评价型文章。但就算类型分得更细更严谨，对我们考生来说也没什么实质性的好处，相反我们还要多记一些大名词并在做题时多花时间精力区别判断。原因是：分类更细后，我们也只有在读完一篇文章(而且是读懂了)才知道这是啥类型的文章啊!这完全是马后炮行为。

当然这种给文章分类的初衷可能是好的，也许是为了让我们更好地把握文章主线信息，更好地理解文章。但是最终的结果其实是有误导性的，它试图将文章固定在几种套路里，让我们产生一种套路在手，GRE阅读我有的感觉，而实际上呢它对我们如何读懂一篇文章(how)没有帮助，因为我们是读完了读懂了才知道这是啥类型的文章啊。而考生很多时候很难看出这种方法的问题：厉害的考生读懂了能辨别出文章类型，他会觉得这方法不坏，而不厉害的考生读完了没读懂分辨不出来，会觉得可能是自己方法掌握得不好。我觉得这可能也是某些马后炮行为一直流传在江湖中的原因之一。

结论是文章分类是没什么用的马后炮行为。关于文章“套路”“类型”，其实我们只需要知道出现现象后面极有可能解释，解释可能不只一个，关注解释间的关系;出现问题，文章后面可能会找解决方案，方案可能不只一种，关注方案间的关系;开始有引用观点，后面很有可能出现反驳(作者或别人);有这样一些简单的预期就可以了。我们应该把精力放在如何高效理解而不是找套路上面，至于如何高效理解，则不是一篇文章能说完的，有机会再另写文章阐述。

篇15：GRE阅读高手解题心得

GRE阅读高手分享解题心得实用技巧迅速缩小范围找到答案

一、排除题的解题方法

1. 精确定位排除法

如果前两种方法均不可以使用的话，我们就只能将选项精确的在文中定位，找出选项和阅读文章中的对应关系，注意选项中的同义代换与原文是否对应。有时会出现这样的情况，选项中有四个是和题目的关键词定位在一个段内的，但其中一个选项却定位在了另一个段落内，那么这个选项就是答案。

注意：正确答案一般是作者在文中明确反对过的，或者是根本未提到，再或者就是定位的段落未提到的(选项的关键词落在别的段落)说法。

2.强对比排除法

如果题目中是关于A的提问，但是原文中没有直接给出与A相关的描述。不过，文中出现了与B相关的特征描述，而B呢正好是与A形成强烈对比的对象。那么我们只需要把B的特征取非就可以得到答案了。一般文章中会出现unlike，in contrast to, compared with,阅读的过程中遇到该类别的关键词注意要做笔记。

3.无关信息排除法

如果某一个选项和文章大意没有关系或者根本没有提到过，那么它一定就是正确答案了。因此，在阅读的过程中要留意文章每段的中心意思，理出文章的写作思路，以此来作为细节判断的依据。

如果能够将题目定位到某一段，那么就可以用该段的TS(Topic Sentence 主题句)来进行排除，和TS无关的就是正确选项。

二、举例说明：

下面是No.5-2题目中的一道长阅读，我把它的第一段截取了出来：

In large part as a consequence of the feminist movement, historians have focused a GREat deal of attention in recent years on determining more accurately the status of women in various periods. Although much has been (5) accomplished for the modern period, premodern cultures have proved more difficult: sources are restricted in eg. number, fragmentary, difficult to interpret, and often contradictory. Thus it is not particularly surprising that some earlier scholarship concerning such cultures (10) has so far gone unchallenged. An example is Johann Bachofen’s 1861 treatise on Amazons, women-ruled societies of questionable existence contemporary with ancient GREece.

1.识别重要信息，做标记

在读的过程中我们注意到上文阴影部分出现了典型的并列成分(标志：冒号，“A, B and C结构”)，读到后马上做记号(比如，我在文章右侧，标上了eg)。

中文翻译：

在很大程度上，由于女权主义运动(feminist movement)的缘故，史学家近年来汇聚了大量的注意力，来更为准确地确定妇女在各个历史时期的地位。虽然对现当代的研究成就斐然，但古代文化的研究要证明更为困难：资料来源数量有限，支离破碎，难于解释，且经常互相矛盾。因此，人们并不特别惊讶地发现，有关这些古代文化的早期学术研究迄今为止听凭其流传下来，而未遭到质疑。其中一个实例就是约翰?巴霍芬(Johann Bachofen)1861年论述亚马孙人(Amazons)的论文，而所谓亚马孙人，即那些由女性统治的社会，其难置可否的存在与古希腊时值同期。

2.例题解析

不出所料，后文果然出现了except题:

All of the following are stated by the author as problems connected with the sources for knowledge of premodern cultures EXCEPT

(A) partial completeness

(B) restricted accessibility

(D) limited quantity

(E) tendency toward contradiction

通过”premodern cultures”或者“problems with sources”定位到上文中划阴影部分。5个选项都比较眼熟，一下子无法通过TS找出与原文没有关系的选项，也没有出现强对比。因此，选用精确定位排除法来进行解答，找出选项和原文的对应关系。

我们可以发现A选项partial completeness与fragmentary对应，说明资料来源的支离破碎(不完整性)，C选项difficulty of interpretation与原文的difficult to interpret对应，两者几乎都没有进行改写，只有词性的改变。D选项limited quantity与原文restricted in number相对应。E选项tendency toward contradiction与原文的contradictory相应。只有B没有找到相对应的并列成分。因此答案选B.

三、排除题相关的语言现象——列举，句子的并列成分，冒号

1.列举

所谓列举，就是在文章中出现对某一对象的几个特征进行的逐条描述，比如first,...,second..., third... 遇到这样的语言现象赶紧做好标记，因为这个语言现象经常会考except题。

2.句子的并列成分

比如X includes A, B and C,这里的A B C就是句子的并列成分。这种结构也常考排除题。通常是有4个选项分别约ABC等成分相对应，而其中有一个成分找不到对应，或者是与原文意思不符。

3.冒号

冒号后面也常会出现列举现象，因此，遇到的话一定要标出来。后面的内容可以大致浏览或者不看。

只要掌握合理科学的方法，GRE阅读其实并不难，再多加以练习方能在GRE阅读考试中获得高分!

俞敏洪GRE词汇精选

auditorium n礼堂;观众席

augment v增大，增值

augur n占卜师;v占卜

augury n预言，征兆

august a威严的，高贵的

auspices n资助

auspicious a幸运的;吉兆的

austere a朴素的

austerity n朴素，艰苦

authentic a真正的;法律证实的

authenticity n确实性，真实性

authoritarian n独裁主义者;极权主义者

authorization n授权，认可

autobiography n自传

autocracy n独裁政府

autocrat n独裁者

autonomous a自治的

autonomy n自治，独立

auxiliary a辅助的，协助的

available a可用的，可得到的

avalanche n雪崩

avant-garde n(艺术)先锋派

avarice n贪财，贪婪

avaricious a贪婪的，贪心的

avenge v为…报仇

aver v极力声明;断言;确证

averse a不愿的，反对的

aversion n嫌恶，憎恨

avert v避免，避开

aviary n大鸟笼，鸟舍

avid a渴望的,热心的

avoid v避开，躲避

avow v承认;公开宣称

awe n/v敬畏 4

awe-inspiring a令人敬畏的

awkward a笨拙的;难用的

awl n(钻皮革的)尖钻

awning n遮阳蓬，雨蓬

awry a扭曲的，走样的

axiom n公理;定理

axis n轴

axle n轮轴

babble v胡言乱语;牙牙学语

俞敏洪GRE词汇精选

backdrop n(事情的)背景，背景幕布

backhanded a间接的;反手击球的

backset n倒退

bacteria n细菌，培养基

bacterium n细菌

badge n徽章(如校徽等)

badger n獾;v一再烦扰，

badinage n开玩笑，打趣

bail n保释金,保释

bait n诱饵;v逗弄

bale n大包裹;灾祸

baleful a邪恶的，恶意的

balk n大方木料;v妨碍

ballad n歌谣，小曲

ballast n(船等)压舱物

ballerina n芭蕾舞女演员

balloon n气球;v快速增加

ballot n/v投票

balm n香油，药膏;镇痛剂

balmy a(气候)温和的;芳香的

ban n禁令

banal a陈腐的

band n带子;收音机波段

bandage n绷带;v用绷带包扎

bane n祸根

banish v放逐某人

banister n(楼梯的)栏杆

bankrupt a破产的

banquet n宴会，盛宴

banter n打趣，玩笑

bar v禁止;n条，棒

barb n(鱼钩的)倒钩;严厉的批评

barbarous a野蛮的;残暴的

barbecue n烤肉架;烤肉

bard n吟游诗人

bare v暴露;a赤裸的

barefaced a厚颜无耻的，公然的

bargain n交易;v讨价还价

barge n平底货船，驳船

bark v/n狗吠;n树皮

barn 谷仓

barometer n气压计;晴雨表

baroque n/a(艺术、建筑等)过分雕琢(的)

俞敏洪GRE词汇精选

barrage n弹幕

barren a不育的;贫瘠的

barricade v设栅阻挡;n栅栏

barrier n路障;障碍

barter v易货贸易

base a卑鄙的

bask v晒太阳，取暖

baste v倒油脂于(烤肉上，以防烤干)

batch n一批，一炉

bathetic a假作悲伤的;陈腐的

baton n指挥棒(指挥家用);警棍

battalion n军营，军队

bauxite n铝土岩(产铝的矿土、石)

bawdy a淫猥的，好色的

bazaar n集市，商店集中区

beacon n烽火;灯塔

beam n(房屋等)大梁;光线

bearing n关系，意义;方位

beat v心跳;搅拌

bedeck v装饰，修饰

bedlam n混乱，骚乱

befuddlement n迷惑不解

begrudge v吝啬，勉强给

beholder n目睹者，旁观者

behoove v理应，有义务

belabor v过分冗长地做或说

belated a来得太迟的

beleaguer v围攻;骚扰

belie v掩饰;证明为假

belittle v轻视，贬抑

bellicose a好战的，好斗的

belligerence n交战;好战性，斗争性

bellwether n领导者，领头羊

bench n法官席;长凳

bend v弯曲;屈服

benediction n祝福;祈祷

benefactor n行善者，捐助者

benevolent a善心的，仁心的

benign a慈祥的

benison n祝福，赐福

bent n特长，爱好;a弯曲的

bequeath 遗赠

bequest n遗产，遗赠物

GRE阅读高手分享解题心得

篇16：GRE阅读更多解题方法

GRE阅读更多解题方法

1.gre阅读复习掐时间读一篇文章，长文章1.5—2分钟，短文章1—1.5分钟，然后以平均每题1分钟的速度解完后面的题。注意是“平均”，即你只要控制在比如7题在7分钟内作完即可!

2.gre阅读复习然后看哪些题作错，为什么会作错。主要有以下两类供参考：①看错，主要分为：定位错误;题干词NOT，EXCEPT，LEAST，ERR等看错;选项没看懂，诸如untreated理解成“无可救药”的，其实是“未经治疗的”，无可救药的应该是untreatable!②想错：中国式思维≠美国式思维≠的思维，我们所要作的就是中国式思维与的思维间建立直觉联系。

3.gre阅读复习把文章不计时间地仔细研究一遍，主要研究层次结构，起承转合，语言套路及选项特征，“以其所正正其所不正”。

4.此时对后面的所有问题作如下三个工作：

①不论作对或作错，想一下此题的解题思路是什么，是否具有多种解题方案，自己距离某种解题方案还有什么缺陷或不足，什么样的方法最适合我。

②最短的一条路是什么。

③把每道题的五个选项都找出对或错的理由来，一定要是让自己信服的理由。可能有人达到一定高度觉得没必要，太费时，但是有些看来现在很友好的错误项只要改动一点就能要你的命，你信不信?所以你不要这么做，一定要仔细看过，找到它的弱点，其中有什么困难。

5.找出文中自己不熟悉的抽象词与难句，反复操练。所谓“抽象词”，《难句》一书有介绍，这里从略。永远记住：阅读是读“意思”，不要用“中文翻译思维”(看到一组词就用中文词义理解)去读，更别去用语法，“意思”是种比爱情更朦胧的东西，你说不准，但你作题时你就是知道答案是什么，答案长啥样，记住啊!

GRE阅读：长难句分析

In addition, the style of some Black novels, like Jean Toomer’s Cane, verges on expressionism or surrealism ; does this technique provide a counterpoint to the prevalent theme that portrays the fate against which Black heroes are pitted , a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression ? (5)

不仅如此，有些黑人小说(比如JT的甘蔗)的风格接近与表现主义和超现实主义;这种技巧是否为流行的主题提供了一个和谐的对应呢?这种主题刻画了黑人注意与之相抗争的命运，这是一个通常用更为自然主义的表现手法所表达的主题。

难句类型：复杂修饰、插入语

解释：在本句中有三个词需要先解释一番：verge on这个词组是接近于、濒于的意思，hero在文学作品中是主人公的意思，pit作动词时，除了挖坑、窖藏之外，还有使竞争、使斗争的意思，其英文释义为：to set as gamecocks into or as if into a pit to fight, to set into opposition or rivalry usually used with against.在此用的是后一种语义的被动语态fate againt which Black heros are pitted.如果用主动语态则是：pit black heros againt fate。

另外本句的结构复杂，分号之后是一个一般疑问句，但是由于修饰成分过多，过长，使得读者看不清楚这个句子在问什么。其实如果没有最后的那个prevalent theme的同位语a theme usually conveyed by more naturalistic modes of expression，本句会易懂得多。

GRE阅读：长难句分析

Black Fiction surveys a wide variety of novels，bringing to our attention in the process some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon Johnson’s Autobiography of an Ex- Colored Man. (4)注意：bring A to B ——〉bring to B A

《黑人小说》考察了极为广泛的一系列小说，在此过程中让我们注意到了某些引人入胜但却鲜为人知的作品，如詹姆斯。韦尔登。约翰逊(James Weldon Johnson)的《一个曾经是有色人的自传》(Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man)。

难句类型：倒装

解释：在以bringing开头的作状语的分词中出现了倒装，bring A to B被倒装为bring to B A,其倒装的原因仍是为了避免头重脚轻，正常的语序应该如下：bringing some fascinating and little-known works like James Weldon johnson's Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man to our attention in the process.

GRE阅读：长难句分析

However，as they gained cohesion，the Bluestockings came to regard themselves as a women’s group and to possess a sense of female solidarity lacking in the salonnieres，who remained isolated from one another by the primacy each held in her own salon. (4-)

起初，蓝袜女们确实模仿了法国沙龙女主人，将男性襄括到其小圈子中来。然则，随着她们获得的凝聚力，她们渐趋将自己视作一女性团体，并拥有了一种妇女团结意识，而这种意识在法国沙龙女主人身上则荡然无存，因为她们每个人在其自己的沙龙中自视甚高而彼此孤立隔绝开来。

难句类型：复杂修饰

解释：本句读到表示并列的连词and开始变难。and之后的不定式与前面的不定式是并列的，to的前面省略了一个与前面一样的谓语came。 lacking之后的分词作定语修饰a sense of female solidarity其后的由who引导的定语从句又修饰逗号前面的salonnieres此从句中又有一个定语从句that each salonniere held in her own salon修饰其前的primacy,但是由于引导词that在从句中作宾语，因此被省略。

篇17：GRE阅读解题的排除法

GRE阅读：解题的排除法

1. 精确定位排除法

注意：正确答案一般是作者在文中明确反对过的，或者是根本未提到，再或者就是定位的段落未提到的(选项的关键词落在别的段落)说法。

2.强对比排除法：

3.无关信息排除法:

GRE阅读文章如何复习

宏观中的“必读”与“不读”

所谓宏观，即使明确文章结构。再清楚一点说，即使我们要知道主题句的所在位置以及每段大意。

主题句两种形式：

1. 判断句(含情态动词，系动词，正负褒贬词的句子);

2. 概括文章将来结构。

而主题句也同时概括了文章的将来结构，即会从“M真菌影响力很强”和“M真菌过去由于两个原因没有得到广泛研究”。

微观中的“必读”与“不读”

所谓微观，即使明确句子结构。再清楚一点说，即使我们要知道句子主干大意及和上下文的关系。

插入语两种形式：

1. 对主语说明

________,which / who / n. / prep. / -ing / -ed……,________.

2. 对主语举例

________,such as / especially……,________.

准备复习时的“读”与“不读”

GRE阅读文章练习：英国女演员的地位

In the past, only men could become actors in some societies. In the ancient Greece and Rome and the medieval world, it was considered disgraceful for a woman to go on the stage, and this belief persisted until the 17th century, when in Venice it was broken. In the time of William Shakespeare, women's roles were generally played by men or boys.

When an eighteen-year Puritan prohibition of drama was lifted after the English Restoration of 1660, women began to appear on stage in England. Margaret Hughes is credited by some as the first professional actress on the English stage. This prohibition ended during the reign of Charles II in part due to the fact that he enjoyed watching actresses on stage. The first occurrence of the term actress was in 1700 according to the OED and is ascribed to Dryden.

In Japan, men (onnagata) took over the female roles in kabuki theatre when women were banned from performing on stage during the Edo period. This convention has continued to the present. However, some forms of Chinese drama have women playing all the roles.

In modern times, women sometimes play the roles of prepubescent boys. The stage role of Peter Pan, for example, is traditionally played by a woman, as are most principal boys in Britishpantomime. Opera has several “breeches roles” traditionally sung by women, usually mezzo-sopranos. Examples are Hansel in H?nsel und Gretel, Cherubino in The Marriage of Figaro and Octavian in Der Rosenkavalier.

Women in male roles are uncommon in film with the notable exceptions of the films The Year of Living Dangerously and I'm Not There. In the former film Linda Hunt played the pivotal role of Billy Kwan, for which she received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. In the latter film Cate Blanchett portrayed Jude Quinn, a representation of Bob Dylan in the sixties, for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Women playing men in live theatre is particularly common in presentations of older plays, such as those of Shakespeare, that have large numbers of male characters in roles where the gender no longer matters in modern times.

Having an actor dress as the opposite sex for comic effect is also a long-standing tradition in comic theatre and film. Most of Shakespeare's comedies include instances of overt cross-dressing, such as Francis Flute in A Midsummer Night's Dream. The movie A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum stars Jack Gilford dressing as a young bride. Tony Curtisand Jack Lemmon famously posed as women to escape gangsters in the Billy Wilder film Some Like It Hot. Cross-dressing for comic effect was a frequently used device in most of the thirty Carry On films. Dustin Hoffman and Robin Williams have each appeared in a hit comedy film (Tootsie and Mrs. Doubtfire, respectively) in which they played most scenes dressed as a woman.

Occasionally, the issue is further complicated, for example, by a woman playing a woman acting as a man pretending to be a woman, like Julie Andrews in Victor/Victoria, or Gwyneth Paltrow in Shakespeare in Love. In It's Pat: The Movie, film watchers never learn the gender of the andrynous main characters Pat and Chris (played by Julia Sweeney and Dave Foley). A few roles in modern films, plays and musicals are played by a member of the opposite sex (rather than a character cross-dressing), such as the character Edna Turnblad in Hairspray—played by Divine in the original film, Harvey Fierstein in the Broadway musical, and John Travolta in the movie musical. Linda Hunt won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing Billy Kwan in The Year of Living Dangerously. Felicity Huffman was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Actress for playing Bree Osbourne (a male-to-female transsexual) in Transamerica.

篇18：gre阅读解题的具体步骤是什么

gre阅读解题的具体步骤是什么

第一步：解剖文章首段内容

在文章阅读的过程中，不是所有的内容都是都必须详细读到的，内容也有轻重缓急之分。而首段内容和每段的第一、二句都应该是我们倍加重视的部分。在阅读的过程中，我们必须积极主动地解读文章的第一段和每段首部内容。同时，尽量记住作者提出的问题和观点，找到一些与文章内容相关的概念和词汇。

第二步：作者思路图的搭建

在脑子里或者在草稿纸上画一个文章的结构思路题。明确一下在全文内容中，各个段落的目的是什么，主题又是什么。你要清楚的知道，gre的阅读考试并不是想要考你的阅读能力，而是你的答题能力，不要完完整整的阅读整篇文章，有了明确的思路图就可以。

第三步：准确定位后答题开始

在开始答题前，建议大家可花上几秒钟为全文总结一下思路和主题。然后，根据之前建立的思路图将问题定位到文章中具体的某个段落甚至具体的句子，精准的定位会更加提到答题的准确率和答题速度。

词句入手备考GRE阅读理解

做GRE阅读首先需要读者能一定程度地读懂阅读文章，这个一定程度指的是：认识阅读文章中与结构、文章脉络、focus相关的重点词汇，能读懂大部分句子的大意，并能根据上下文关系推测或跳过生词、难句。

这就要求读者首先要有一定的词汇量，尤其是认识GRE阅读中最常用的一些重要词汇，其次，读者还要有一定的读懂句子、尤其是长句的能力，这两个能力，可能在准备阅读之初，很多人并不具备，所以，需要考生花一些时间来培养这两种技能，以供阅读基本之需。

1、词汇

很多考生在初学GRE的时候往往会觉得最大的障碍就是单词，一般来说，阅读需要掌握的单词比考GRE所需掌握的单词要少的多(四级以上词汇大约个)，对词汇的掌握也没有模拟。

反义对词汇的要求深(即只要看到这个词能知道其大意和褒贬态度就可以了)。这些词往往都是些GRE阅读专署词汇，且重复率很高，只需集中背记一下就可以解决基本问题。

这些词汇在笔者刚出版的《GRE阅读39+3全攻略》一书中有详细的罗列，读者也可以在做阅读的过程中逐步总结、积累，在积累识记的过程中请注意它们在阅读中的含义往往并不仅仅局限于它们的含义本身。

例如：alternative n.二中择一;可供选择的办法、事物，该单词词义也可以解释为“可替换的选择”，通常是作者提出了另外一种解释，这个新提出的解释和上文刚论述过的解释应该解释同一个对象，对这个新解释的评价是读者看到这个词后应该进一步关注的重点。

例：the alternative explanation supposes that… (另一种解释则假定……)这个词常常出现在“解释针对问题”型文章的主旨题正确答案中。读者在背记这些词的时候最好能更多的思考他们在阅读中的作用，这样，记住一个词往往能事半功倍，有时甚至可以解决一道题。

2、句子

读句子，尤其是读长难句，比较容易入手的读法是先找句子的主、谓、宾成分，尤其是谓语动词，很多句子结构复杂，由很多从句组成，一句读下来可能会不解其义，开始读的候侯，如果能句子的主干读起，就能相对容易地把握句子的大意。

举个例子：After more than a century of investigation, the relation of these and other phenomena, known collectively as the solar-activity cycle, to terrestrial weather and climate remains unclear.

试着以寻找句子主干为目的来读上面这句话，这就好比将主谓宾加粗，突出了重点和层次，对句子领会起来就更容易些。

另外，ETS将简单句子复杂化通常有其固定的模式，比如：

1)合并简单句、变简单句为带有从句结构或并列从句结构或多层从句结构的句子;

2)通过否定、双重甚至多重否定增加理解上的困难;

3)将原本分开的句子组合、套用在某固定句式、词组里面;

4)加入插入语来打断读句子的思路;

5)通过将一些成分后置、倒装或者省略来增加难度。读者要想轻松的跳过这些难点，首先要对一些典型的句子进行结构分析，之后还需靠平时的阅读积累，通过一定量的练习熟悉这些句子的结构构成方式，当遇到难以理解的句子时及时总结，分析其结构，从根本上解决所遇障碍，长此以往，进步将不断。

GRE阅读暗示推理型题目怎么解

GRE阅读题型有哪几种呢?备战GRE考试，首先要了解GRE考试题型，暗示推理题是GRE考试阅读中的一种题型，下面小编就针对该题型给大家解析，希望能够帮助您更好的复习GRE阅读。

GRE考试题型有很多，什么是GRE阅读的暗示推理题?在你选出答案以前，其实你并不知道这是暗示推理题，你的概念或许只有细节题，即除了中心思想题以外所有题都是细节题。事实上，在真正做题时，你也不必事先判断它是属于哪一类题型，我们将其归类的目的是为了让你对考试的题型有一个确切的把握。

也就是说，如果你碰到某一道“细节题”，顺利地将关键词定位以后，你仍然不能很快地确定到底是哪一个选项正确时，你不要灰心，因为有一种比复述题稍微复杂一点的题，即暗示推理题。

这一过程，我们的题型分类就起作用了，因为它事先给了你思想准备，即对未知的考题有一个合理的期待。但是，我们却可以通过暗示推理题的基本问法来事先判断它是否属于暗示推理题：

It can be inferred from the passage that...

The passage/author suggests that…

The passage/author implies that...

解密：暗示推理题是阅读中较难的题型。如果说复述题要脑子转一次弯的话，那么暗示推理题就需要转两次弯。ETS，包括所有的美国人将这称为一个人的“intelligent ability”，即智力。这种题在阅读题中出现的概率是0.3，每3道题中就会出一道，即大概每篇阅读出一道。

篇19：GRE阅读解题规则技巧

对于GRE考试来说，学术化就是最大的纲，也是它迥异于托福雅思的纲。小站教育老师总结道，雅思托福的命题目的是生活化，而对于GRE来说，学术化代表着措辞的规范和温和。对于考生的意义在于，文章的整体是温和的，文章里面出现的极端的言辞都是要注意的，文章里面的事实都是与我们学术生活共时的，对于过去的追忆和反现实的虚拟状态，都是非常明显的潜在出题点。尤其是虚拟语气，往往表示应然而非然之状态，很有可能出现负评价，以态度题的方式考察。而一切过分极端的言辞，如绝对的说法，大多数，比较级尤其是强烈比较级，在文章里的出现要注意，还有一种也是强烈的对比的标志，就是以大写字母标注的时间，指明某时之前或之后，我们称之为时间强对比。以上总结之，即是三大关系，强对比，因果以及转折。表示这些关系的连词，一律要注意，最好做出标记。而对于题目来说，考生要注意以上说法是在哪里出现，如果文章有这些强烈的措辞，那么题目当中对应这些段落的选项也有，就很可能是对的，如果选项出现而文章的相应位置没有，则该选项必错。

篇20：GRE阅读解题规则技巧

首先记住，先文后题。道理很简单，你直接读题，根本读不懂。所以很重要的是搞明白两个问题，这个题目对应文章那个层次，考的是观点还是例子。另外，题型很重要，意义在于告诉你正确选项的特征的如何定位。

GRE长难句练习及解析：植物基因插入

【GRE长难句】One such novel idea is that of inserting into the chromosomes of plants discrete genes that are not a part of the plants' natural constitution: specifically, the idea of inserting into nonlegumious plants the genes, if they can be identified and isolated, that fit the leguminous plants to be hosts for nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Hence, the intensified research on legumes.

【意群阅读版】One such novel idea/ is that of/ inserting into/ the chromosomes of plants/ discrete genes/ that are not/ a part of the/ plants' natural constitution:/ specifically,/ the idea of/ inserting into/ nonlegumious plants/ the genes,/ if they can be/ identified and isolated,/ that fit the/ leguminous plants/ to be hosts/ for nitrogen-fixing bacteria./ Hence,/ the intensified research/ on legumes.

【译文】一个这样的全新的想法，是把非此植物的自然组成部分的不相关的基因插入到植物的染色体中;具体来说就是这么一个想法，把一些使得豆科植物能够成为固氮菌寄主的基因(如果它们能够被找到并分离出来的话)插入到非豆科植物的基因中去。因此才出现了对豆科植物的深入研究。

倒装：inserting into the chromosomes of plants discrete genes that are not a part of the plants' natural constitution.

正常语序：inserting discrete genes that are not a part of the plants' natural constitution into the chromosomes of plants.

倒装：the idea of inserting into nonlegumious plants the genes, if they can be identified and isolated, that fit the leguminous plants to be hosts for nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

正常语序：the idea of inserting the genes, if they can be identified and isolated, that fit the leguminous plants to be hosts for nitrogen-fixing bacteria into nonlegumious plants.

GRE长难句练习及解析：战争的花费

Granted that war cost much less than it does today, that the Church rendered all sorts of educational and recreational services that were unobtainable elsewhere, and that government was far less demanding than is the modern state—nevertheless, for medieval men and women, supporting commercial development required considerable economic sacrifice.

【标识】

1{Granted that war cost much less than it does today, 2granted that the Church rendered all sorts of educational and recreational services 3[that were unobtainable elsewhere], 4{and 5granted that government was far less demanding than is the modern state}}—nevertheless, for medieval men and women, supporting commercial development required considerable economic sacrifice.

【难点】

1. 长句。granted that引导的让步状语从句。

2.平行结构省略。平行结构中省略了granted，granted that引导让步状语从句。

3. 定语从句。that引导的定语从句修饰educational and recreational services。4. 长句。and连接的平行结构。5.平行结构省略。平行结构中省略了granted，granted that引导让步状语从句。

【译文】

尽管过去战争的花费与今日战争的花费相比已经大大降低了，尽管过去教会提供了在其他地方难以获得的各种教育与娱乐服务，尽管过去的政府没有现在的政府那么苛刻.

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